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The radiative properties of NH 3 and CO have considerable effects on ammonia-syngas flames, which has not been investigated at present. Radiation reabsorption effects on flame speed and NO production of one-dimensional premixed ammonia/syngas/air laminar flames were studied, encompassing a wide syngas content range and elevated pressures up to 25 atm. The improvement of flame speeds by radiation reabsorption reached 25.9% and decreased with rising syngas content, controlled by the direct-radiation effect and the reaction NH 2 + NO = N 2 H + OH (R287). The relative enhancement of NO production decreased from 19.7% to 1.1% with increasing syngas content, affected by N + OH = NO + H (R273). The radiation reabsorption increased the flame speed by 25% at 18 atm. The coupling impact of high pressure and radiation reabsorption on flame speed was dominated by NH + NO = N 2 O + H (R279) and R287 via NH and OH radicals, respectively. • Radiation reabsorption effect on NH 3 /syngas/air flame was discussed. • Radiation reabsorption effect on flame speed up to 25.9% was analyzed. • Radiation reabsorption effect on NO generation up to 19.7% was investigated. • The importance of OH and NH radicals in NH 3 /syngas/air flames was revealed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of broadband laser technology is a novel approach for inhibiting processes related to laser plasma interactions (LPIs). In this study, several preliminary experiments into broadband-laser-driven LPIs are carried out using a newly established hundreds-of-joules broadband second-harmonic-generation laser facility. Through direct comparison with LPI results for a traditional narrowband laser, the actual LPI-suppression effect of the broadband laser is shown. The broadband laser had a clear suppressive effect on both back-stimulated Raman scattering and back-stimulated Brillouin scattering at laser intensities below 1 × 1015 W cm−2. An abnormal hot-electron phenomenon is also investigated, using targets of different thicknesses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Evaluation of biological changes at the molecular level has important clinical implications for improving the survival rate of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Therefore, we plan to analyze and elucidate the expression of microRNA-133b (miR-133b), M2 pyruvate kinase (PKM2), and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in ESCC and their associated clinicopathological significance. Methods: The 72 patients with ESCC were selected as the experimental study group. Normal adjacent tissues (NAT) were matched as the control group. In this study, in situ hybridization was used to detect the expression of miR-133b in ESCC, and tissue expressions of PKM2 and STAT3 were detected by immunohistochemistry, and literature review was conducted. Results: Studies had shown that the positive expression of miR-133b in NAT was significantly higher than that in ESCC (χ2 = 9.007, P =.003). PKM2 and STAT3 in ESCC had a significantly higher positive expression levels than those of NAT (χ2 = 56.523, P =.000; χ2 = 72.939, P =.000). From correlation analysis, there was a negative correlation between miR-133b and PKM2(r = −0.515, P <.001), a negative correlation between miR-133b and STAT3(r = −0.314, P =.007), and a positive correlation between PKM2 and STAT3(r = 0.771, P <.001). Conclusions: In ESCC, our study demonstrated that downregulation of miR-133b and upregulation of PKM2 and STAT3. We predict that miR-133b may inhibit the STAT3 pathway by downregulating PKM2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The abundant CO 2 and H 2 O in circulating flue gases both chemically affect the combustion characteristics significantly. Meanwhile, the intense radiation effects induced by CO 2 and H 2 O also strongly coupled with chemical reactions by preheat unburned fuels. Thus, the comparison and analysis of dilution effect and interaction mechanism with CO 2 and H 2 O blending is of great significance, especially when considering radiation reabsorption. In this study, laminar flame speeds of premixed syngas flames considering radiation reabsorption were simulated under elevated pressures. It found that radiation reabsorption effect induced by CO 2 and H 2 O dilution both greatly increased the flame speed of syngas flames. Because of the discrepancy in dominant influence mechanisms of radiation reabsorption, different relative enhancements of flame speed as a function of pressure were observed. Moreover, the co-dilution of CO 2 and H 2 O further improved the radiation reabsorption effect by means of the coupling inhibition of OH radical's consumption pathway. • Radiation reabsorption effects on syngas flames with H 2 O/CO 2 dilution were compared. • Different dominant effects of radiation with H 2 O/CO 2 dilution were revealed. • Enhanced radiation reabsorption caused by simultaneous co-dilution was observed. • The importance of OH in msaintaining combustion of syngas flame was point out. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Treatment of blood blister-like aneurysms (BBAs) of the supraclinoid internal carotid artery (ICA) with flow diverters (FDs) has become widespread in recent years. However, ruptured blood blister-like aneurysm (BBA) of ICA treatment with flow diverter-assisted coil embolization (FDAC) remains controversial. Moreover, limited direct comparative studies have been conducted between the two treatment modalities, FDs and FDAC, for BBAs. The purpose of this study was to document our experience and evaluate the effectiveness and safety of FDAC. We conducted a retrospective analysis of clinical and radiological information from ten patients who experienced ruptured BBAs of the supraclinoid ICA at our center from January 2021 to February 2023. The technical details of FDAC for ruptured BBAs were described, and the technical steps were named "pipeline embolization device (PED)-Individualized shaping(microcatheter)-Semi deploying-Rivet(coils)-Massage(microwire)" as the PEISSERM technique. Clinical outcomes were assessed using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS), whereas radiological results were determined through angiography. A pooled analysis was implemented, incorporating data from literature sources that reported perioperative and long-term clinical and angiographic outcomes of ruptured BBAs treated with FD and FDAC strategies, along with our data. Data in our analysis pool were categorized into FD and FDAC strategy groups to explore the preferred treatment modalities for BBAs. The PEISSERM technique was utilized to treat ten patients, seven males, and three females, with an average age of 41.7 years. A single PED was deployed in conjunction with coils in all ten patients. All PEDs were documented to have good wall apposition. The immediate postoperative angiograms demonstrated Raymond grade I in ten aneurysms. Angiographic follow-up of nine patients at 4–25 months showed total occlusion of the aneurysms. At the most recent follow-up, the mRS scores of nine patients hinted at a good prognosis. Pooled analysis of 233 ICA-BBA cases of FD revealed a technical success rate of 91% [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.88 to 0.95], a rate of complete occlusion of 79% (95% CI, 0.73 to 0.84), a recurrence rate of 2% (95% CI, 0.00 to 0.04), a rebleed rate of 2% (95% CI, 0.00 to 0.04), and the perioperative stroke rate was 8% (95% CI, 0.04 to 0.11). The perioperative mortality was 4% (95% CI, 0.01 to 0.07). The long-term good clinical outcome rate was 85% (95% CI, 0.80 to 0.90). The mortality rate was 6% (95% CI, 0.03 to 0.09). Results from the subgroup analysis illustrated that the FDAC strategy for BBAs had a significantly higher immediate postoperative complete occlusion rate (P < 0.001), total occlusion rate (P = 0.016), and a good outcome rate (P = 0.041) compared with the FD strategy. The FDAC strategy can yield a higher rate of good outcomes than the FD strategy. The PEISSERM technique employed by the FDAC is a reliable and effective treatment approach as it can minimize the hemodynamic burden of BBA's fragile dome, thereby achieving an excellent occlusion rate. The PEISSERM technique in the FDAC strategy contributes to understanding the BBA's treatment and offers a potentially optimal treatment for BBA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To investigate the safety and feasibility of laparoscopic resection of focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) in the hepatic caudate lobe. The clinical data of eight patients who underwent laparoscopic hepatic caudate lobe FNH resection at the Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, were retrospectively analyzed. The laparoscopic procedures were successful in all eight patients, and no patients required conversion to open surgery. Five patients underwent partial caudate lobe resection, one patient underwent caudate lobe resection, and two patients underwent combined left hemihepatectomy with caudate lobe resection. Tumor resection was performed using the left approach in five cases, the right approach in one case, the middle hepatic fissure approach in one case, and the left and right combined approach in one case. The operation time ranged from 120 to 360 min, with a mean of 225 min. The intraoperative blood loss ranged from 50 to 600 ml, with a mean of 235 ml. No postoperative bleeding, bile leakage or abdominal infection occurred. Laparoscopic resection of hepatic caudate lobe FNH was safe and feasible in appropriate patients. Skilled laparoscopic hepatectomy techniques, adequate preoperative evaluation, appropriate choice of surgical approach and the control of intraoperative bleeding are critical to perform this surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose Forkhead box (FOX) family proteins regulate transcription and DNA repair and are involved in cell growth, differentiation, embryogenesis, and lifespan. The transcription factor FOXE1 is a member of the FOX family. The relationship between the expression level of FOXE1 and colorectal cancer (CRC) prognosis remains controversial. It is vital to verify the relationship between FOXE1 expression and the prognosis of patients with CRC. Methods We constructed a tissue microarray containing 879 primary colorectal cancer tissues and 203 normal mucosa samples. The tumor and normal mucosa tissues were stained with FOXE1 by immunohistochemistry, and the staining results were divided into two groups: high expression group and low expression group. Chi-square test was performed for the classification variable of the difference between FOXE1 expression levels and clinicopathological parameters. The survival curve was calculated according to the Kaplan–Meier method and the logarithmic rank test. The Cox proportional risk regression model was used for multivariate analysis of prognostic factors in patients with CRC.Results The expression level of FOXE1 in colorectal cancer was higher than that in the normal mucosa adjacent to cancer, although the difference was not significant. However, the expression of FOXE1 was correlated with tumor size, T stage, N stage, M stage, and pTNM stage. Univariate and multivariate analyses suggested that FOXE1 could be used as an independent prognostic factor in patients with CRC. Conclusions FOXE1 may be a potential independent prognostic factor for colorectal cancer patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]