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Objective: To study the effect of plant growth regulator mepiquat chloride (DPC) on the growing development of plant and the content of active compounds in Scutellaria baicalensis., Method: After spraying DPC during the seedling period, the length of taproot, fresh weight of root, diameter of taproot and the length of stem were measured. The contents of baicalin, baicalein and wogonin were determined by HPLC, respectively. Total flavonoids and scavenging DPPH were determined with ultraviolet spectrophotometry., Result: After spraying DPC, fresh weight of S. baicalensis root was significant increased, and root diameter was also increased. The contents of baicalin and total flavonoids were significantly increased and baicalein and wogonin were decreased remarkably. Compared with controls, scavenging activity of ethanol extracts on DPPH free radical was no significant changed after spraying DPC., Conclusion: Plant growth regulator DPC could regulate the growth on the ground and underground effectively, and could enhance the content of flavonoids compounds of S. baicalensis.

A FatB unigene was obtained from the transcriptome dataset of Lonicera japonica Thunb. Full-length FatB cDNA was cloned from buds of Lonicera japonica Thunb., Lonicera japonica Thunb. var. chinensis (Wats.) Bak., Lonicera hypoglauca Miq. and Lonicera dasystyla Rehd. using RT-PCR technology, and named as LJFatB, LHFatB, LJCFatB and LDFatB. The results of bioinformatic analysis showed that LJFatB, LJCFatB, LHFatB and LDFatB and Arabidopsis thaliana AtFatB had a closely relationship. Nucleotide sequences and protein secondary structure of LJFatB, LJCFatB, LHFatB and LDFatB are different and their proteins had conserved FatB substrate binding sites and catalytic activity sites. Transcriptive level of LJFatB, LJCFatB, LHFatB and LDFatB in bud was not significantly different. Therefore, LJFatB, LJCFatB, LHFatB and LDFatB could have the same biological function as AtFatB.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical effect of mandibular osteomuscular flap pedicled with temporalis to repair maxillary defect., Methods: From March 2008 to May 2010, ten cases of maxillary defects resulted from malignant tumor resection were treated with mandibular osteomuscular flap pedicled with temporalis. Ten cases of malignant tumor included six cases of Squamous cell carcinoma,one case of duct carcinoma, osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma and malignant melanoma. One case was repaired by mandibular osteomuscular flap only, nine cases were repaired by mandibular osteomuscular flaps combined with other soft tissue flaps., Results: All the 10 mandibular osteomuscular flaps survived completely with no complication. The patients were followed up for 12 to 36 months, with an average of 18 months. Satisfactory appearance and complete functional restoration were achieved except for one case of chondrosarcoma recurrence., Conclusions: The mandibular osteomuscular flap pedicled with temporalis is safe and easily performed with less complication. It is an ideal method for repairing the maxillary defect.

Objective: To analyze the histopathology of, surgery for, and prognosis (survival rate, local recurrence rate, metastases rate, function) of epithelioid angiosarcoma (EA)., Methods: Seven patients diagnosed as EA were received treatment in our department from May 2001 to May 2011. According Enneking staging, 3 patients were classified as IIA, 3 for IIB, and 1 for III. Wide excision was performed in 3 patients and amputation in 4 patients. Seven patients were followed up from 3 to 20 months., Results: One patient had local recurrence 3 months after wide excision. Five patients had metastases at 4 to 20 months postoperatively. The cumulative survival rate at 0.5, 1 and 2 years postoperatively were 67%, 22% and 0. The function of 3 patients after limb salvage operation was good in 2 cases and poor in 1 case. The tumor site, surgical staging, and safe margin were crucial factors affecting survival rate., Conclusions: The prognosis of EA in deep soft tissue was poor. Customized, multimodality treatment and safe margin in operation may increase the survival rate as well as decrease recurrence and metastasis.

In the present study, we observed the effects of an α(1)-adrenoceptor agonist (phenylephrine), β-adrenoceptor agonist (isoprenaline), muscarinic cholinoceptor agonist (carbachol), and α(1)-adrenoceptor antagonist (doxazosin) on the bladder micturition function in anesthetized mice. Changes in bladder pressure in response to filling and blood pressure were recorded by using a data acquisition system. Phenylephrine (50 to 800 μg/kg) increased vesical micturition pressure in a dose-dependent manner but increased micturition basal pressure only at 800 μg/kg. Carbachol (3 to 7 μg/kg) increased the intercontraction interval and micturition time in a dose-dependent manner but increased micturition basal pressure only at 7 μg/kg. Isoprenaline (10 to 1000 μg/kg) increased micturition time and decreased vesical micturition pressure in a dose-dependent manner. Doxazosin (10 to 1000 μg/kg) did not affect bladder micturition function but dose-dependently inhibited phenylephrine-induced increases in vesical micturition pressure. Carbachol (7 μg/kg) and isoprenaline (1 mg/kg) caused a transient fall in blood pressure, whereas doxazosin (1 mg/kg) had a long-lasting hypotensive effect. The maximal decrease in systolic and mean blood pressure by carbachol did not differ from that by doxazosin and isoprenaline, respectively. Phenylephrine (800 μg/kg) transiently increased the blood pressure of anesthetized mice. These results indicate that activation of muscarinic cholinoceptors decreases voiding frequency and increases bladder capacity in anesthetized mice. Activation of α(1)-adrenoceptors mainly increases vesical micturition pressure, whereas activation of β-adrenoceptors decreases vesical micturition pressure and prolongs micturition time in anesthetized mice.

Objective: To reveal the effects of ecological factors on geo-herbalism,by researching the correlation between yields or qualities of Curcuma wenyujin and ecological factors., Methods: All measured dates were divided into three components, meteorological factors, soil conditions, the yields and qualities of geo-herbals, and analyzed through canonical correlation using SPSS software., Results: The results showed that there were two canonical correlation models to explain correlation between meteorological factors and yields or qualities of medicinal materials, as well as soil conditions and yields or qualities, and both of canonical correlations reached the significant or extremely significant level. The analysis indicated that main ecological factors affecting the yields or qualities of medicinal materials were average temperature from May to June,the days of high temperature (over 35 degrees C) and average rainfall from August to October, annual average rainfall, altitude, available potassium content in soil., Conclusions: This study has tentatively made clear which ecological factors to affect the yields and qualities of Curcuma wenyujin; and provided some basis for revealing geo-herbalism of Curcuma wenyujin.

Objective: This stdudy was to determine the suitable area for Curcuma wenyujin in Wenzhou, and expand its growing region, based the growth characteristic of Curcuma wenyujin., Methods: The 13 main factors including climate, soil and other environmental conditions were selected. The best genuine production area was regarded as the goal area in similar calculation. The grid data was calculated from the station and sampling sites by Inverse Distance Interpolation on GIS. After normolizing to the grid data, the dimension effect was removed. on this basis, calculating the absolute distance of every cell to the the goal cell. Wenzhou region was divided into best suitable area, suitable area, second suitable area and unsuitable area by clustering analyzing., Result: Most of area in Wenzhou are suit for Curcuma wenyujin, best suitable area, suitable area, second suitable area and unsuitable area reach 98% area of Wenzhou., Conclusion: This result give important reference value of Curcuma wenyujin breeding in Wenzhou.

Objective: The DNA fingerprints of Curcuma wenyujin from various habitats were generated by using SRAP markers to find the feasibility in analyzing their relationship., Methods: The DNA polymorphism of Curcuma wenyujin from various habitats were detected by SRAP molecular markers., Results: We had screened five pairs of primer combinations, and built the DNA fingerprints of Curcuma wenyujin from various habitats. The phylogenetic clustering results revealed that the genetic difference in Curcuma wenyujin from various habitats were little., Conclusion: SRAP markers may offer some evidence for protecting and exploiting of Curcuma wenyuji.

Unlabelled: OBJECTIVE; To observe the plasma concentration change of endothelin-1 (ET-1) and the histomorphological changes in penile cavernous body after administrating a continuous low dose of tadalafil into spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR)., Methods: Forty SHR rats were randomly divided into four groups of blank group, placebo group, continuous low-dose group and intermittent dose group with 10 rats in each. The animals were administrated with different doses of tadalafil via an intragastric route. To observe the plasma concentration change of ET-1 and cellular morphological changes of penile cavernous tissue in SHR after four weeks, the immunohistochemical method of SABC was employed to detect the expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) in penile corpora cavernous of different groups., Results: The plasma levels of ET-1 were lower in continuous low dose group (12.0 +/- 1.6) and intermittent dose group (14.3 +/- 1.7) as compared with the blank (18.0 +/- 1.9) and placebo groups (17.6 +/- 2.2) (all P < 0.01). And there was significant difference between the continuous low dose and intermittent dose groups (P < 0.05). The A-value level of absorbance in alpha-SMA were significantly different with the blank (0.53 +/- 0.03) and placebo groups (0.52 +/- 0.05) (P > 0.05) and it was lower in the continuous low dose group (0.29 +/- 0.03) than the intermittent dose group (0.38 +/- 0.03) (P < 0.05). It can be observed microscopically that in blank group and placebo group: endothelial cell and vascular smooth muscle cells of penile cavernous tissue in SHR had a disorderly distribution. The disrupted continuity and integrity of endothelial cell were also found. And they improved in continuous low dose group and intermittent dose group, especially the former; it can be viewed under TEM that the endothelial cells of penile cavernous tissue in SHR had mostly reverted to normal condition in the continuous low dose group and its ultra-structure indicated that the tissue morphology improved., Conclusion: A continuous low dose of tadalafil can improve the function and structure of vascular endothelium in penile cavernous body. Thus it provides rationales for a continuous low dose of PDE5 inhibitor in the treatment of erectile dysfunction.

Objective: Through analyze of shape, structure and content of effective components of Cistanche deserticola, the variation of "you cong rong" is discussed., Method: The color surface, texture, the size of pith and the arrange of vascular bundle was observed with freshed, dried drugs and the transverse section, the effective component of echinacoside and acteoside was analyzed with hplc and the amylose was analyzed with ultraviolet spectrophotometry., Result: The variation of "you cong rong" is obvious different with the common drug in shape and structure, the content of echinacoside is 2.5 times, acteoside is 3.8 times, amylose yield is 1.6 times and the content is 2 times of the common drugs., Conclusion: "you cong rong" is an independent variation pattern of C. deserticola, it has no relationship with the ecological and geographical conditions.

Interferon-beta has anti-viral, anti-proliferation and multifunctional immunomodulatory activities and shows promising clinical effects for treatment of inflammatory disorders. The recombinant human interferon-beta (huIFN-beta) 1b was expressed in the food-grade lactic acid bacterium, Lactococcus lactis, using a nisin-controlled gene expression system. huIFN-beta production from recombinant strains (with and without LEISSTCDA propeptide) was approximately 21 and 7 microg l(-1), respectively. Moreover, 95% (former strain) and 88% (latter strain) of total recombinant proteins were secreted into the culture medium. The biological activities of huIFN-beta from recombinant strains revealed similar antiviral activities of 10(7) I.U. mg(-1). These results demonstrate the potential application of recombinant strains as a food grade vehicle to deliver bioactive huIFN-beta in vivo.

Objective: To study the germination property of the seeds of Achyranthes bidentata from different producing area, providing foundation for choosing the better seed resources., Method: The germination rate, germination energy, germination index, vigor and the characteristics of the seeds of A. bidentata from different producing area were compared, and the relative electric conductivity was measured. The characteristics of the seed were recorded through the Anymicro DSS YT-5M microscope digital camera, and the differences were analyzed., Result: Seed from Henan Boai and Hebei Anguo showed the better germination rate, germination energy, germination index and vigor., Conclusion: The seeds from both Henan Boai and Hebei Anguo showed the better quality.

Objective: According to the study on effects of cultivating density and seed stock on the yield and volatile oil, to provide a scientific basis for standardized cultivating measures., Methods: The yield and the content of volatile oil at harvest were counted and analyzed the variance by SPSS., Results: The effect of cultivating density on the yields from 3 different medicinal parts of medical material was significant. The effect of seed stock on the yield of Rhizoma wenyujin concisa and Rhizoma wenyujin curcumae was significant, but to the yield of Radix wenyujin curcumae was very little. The mutual effect between cultivating density and seed stock was also very little., Conclusion: The cultivating density play an important role in the yields of Curcuma wenyujin.

Objective: To define the genetic relationship and other genetic characters of different varieties of Rehmannia glutinosa., Method: RAPD reactions were conducted on total 54 samples from 16 varieties and 2 populations of R. glutinosa. The data were analyzed by Phylips, Popgene and Arlequin software., Result: The majority rule consensus tree defined the 54 samples to 3 groups. Population genetics analysis and AMOVA showed that the genetic diversity among varieties/populations much greater than that within varieties/populations, but within group II the genetic diversity among varieties was similar to that within varieties., Conclusion: Due to the long-time asexual propagation of R. glutinosa, some genetic differentiation has been accumulated and fixed within the species. It was shown that the genetic distance between wild population and cultivated varieties was greater than the genetic distance among cultivated varieties. The wild resource of the plant should be paid more attention and studies.

Objective: To investigate the effects of sodium selenite on telomerase activity and expression of hTERT mRNA in cadmium-transformed 16HBE cells., Methods: Telomerase activity and expression of genes were measured after cultured cadmium-transformed 16HBE cells were exposed to sodium selenite at different doses (0.625, 1.25, 2.50, 5.00 micromol/L) for 24 hours., Results: Selenium decreased telomerase activity in cadmium-transformed 16HBE cells. There existed an obvious dose-effect relationship between the selenium concentration and these changes. The expression of hTERT and c-myc mRNA also decreased but the expression of mad1 mRNA increased after exposure to selenium for 24 hours. No difference was found in expression of hTRF1 and hTRF2 mRNA after incubated with sodium selenite for 24 hours, compared with control group., Conclusion: Selenium inhibits telomerase activity by decreasing hTERT and c-myc mRNA expression and increasing mad1 mRNA expression in cadmium-transformed 16HBE cells and selenium concentration is significantly correlated with these changes.

Objective: To study on characteristics and application of key acupoints in Elongated Needle Therapy., Methods: Probe into method of determining key acupoints and their clinical application from characteristics of channels, characteristics of acupoints, position of diseases, pathogenesis, syndromes and other aspects., Conclusion: Establishment of the theory of key acupoints of enlongated needle therapy reflects the principle of "fewer but better" in acupoint selection of enlongated needle therapy, which can reduce pain of the patient and increase the therapeutic

Objective: To study the effects of sodium selenite on expression of telomerase reverse transcriptase mRNA, c-Myc and p53 induced by cadmium chloride in rat liver., Methods: Male SD rats were divided randomly into 6 groups, each group had 5 animals. The groups comprised the control group, Se group (5 micromol/kg sodium selenite), 5 micromol/kg cadmium chloride group, 10 micromol/kg cadmium chloride group, Se (5 micromol/kg sodium selenite) + 5 micromol/kg cadmium chloride group, Se (5 micromol/kg sodium selenite) + 10 micromol/kg cadmium chloride group. After 48 hours of the first injection, the expression of TERT mRNA was measured with RT-PCR and c-Myc, and p53 proteins were measured by immunohistochemistry method., Results: Compared with control group, the expression of TERT was increased in 5 micromol/kg Cd group and 10 micromol/kg Cd group, c-Myc protein was increased in 10 micromol/kg Cd group, and the expression of p53 protein was increased in 5 micromol/kg group and 10 micromol/kg Cd group. TERT expression in Se + 10 micromol/kg Cd group was lower than that of 10 micromol/kg Cd group significantly. c-Myc protein was decreased in Se + 10 micromol/kg Cd group compared with 10 micromol/kg Cd group. p53 protein of Se + 5 micromol/kg Cd group and Se + 10 micromol/kg Cd group were decreased significantly compared with 5 micromol/kg Cd group and 10 micromol/kg Cd group respectively., Conclusion: The cadmium at the doses of between 5 and 10 micromol/kg can activate TERT and up-regulate c-Myc and p53 proteins. The selenium at the dose of 5 micromol/kg has the antagonistic effect on expression of TERT, c-Myc and p53 induced by cadmium in rat liver.

Objective: To investigate the changes and variation of serum antisperm antibodies (AsAb) from the men who received vasovasostomy 2 years after one of three methods of male sterilization, and evaluate the relationship between serum AsAb and pregnancy rate., Methods: Sperm reappearance, serum AsAb and pregnancy rate were investigated in 88 subjects who underwent reversal operation 2 years after one of three methods of male sterilization at 3, 6, 12 and 24 months post vasovasostomy., Results: There was no significant difference in positive rate of AsAb among groups of vasovasostomized men post one of three methods of sterilization, and between groups before and post vasovasostomy and between groups with and without sperm reappearance, respectively. The positive rate, intensity (percentage of motile sperm coated with beads) and type of serum AsAb had no influences on pregnancy. No significant difference was observed in positive rate of AsAb between pregnant group and non-pregnant group. The pregnancy rate of the group in which sperm concentration was more than 20 x 10(6)/ml was apparently higher than that of the group in which sperm concentration was less than 20 x 10(6)/ml., Conclusion: The serum AsAb and their positive rate can not be eliminated or decreased by vasovasostomy post male sterilization. The serum AsAb has no influence on pregnancy. There is a close relationship between sperm quality and pregnancy post vasovasostomy.

Objective: To find the status and changes of the soil nutrients in rhizosphere of Atractylodes lancea., Method: Total nitrogen (total N), available K, available P, organic matter (ORG), available nitrogen and pH in rhizosphere soil of the wild growing A. lancea in 3 sites, MS, LT and MFS, and the cultivated ones with different ages in LT were detected., Result: The contents of total nitrogen (total N), available K, available P, organic matter (ORG), available nitrogen and pH value in rhizosphere soil were significant different between MS, LT and MFS (P < 0.01). The results of the 6 detected parameters in MS were the lowest, in MFS were the highest and in LT were in the middle. The total N, ORG and available N in the cultivated A. lancea were lower than that in the wild ones (P < 0.01) and available P and pH value in the cultivated A. lancea were higher than that in wild ones (P < 0.01) and there was no difference in available K between the wild and cultivated ones in LT (P > 0.05); 3 available P in rhizosphere soil of the two years old A. lancea were higher than of the one year old A. lancea (P < 0.01) and there were no difference of total N, ORG, available N, available K and pH value in rhizosphere soil of A. lancea between one year and two years plant (P > 0.05)., Conclusion: It is indicated that the growth of A. lancea in Mt. Mao is faced nutrient stress.

Objective: To analyse the echinacoside and acteoside content of Cistanche tubulosa, collected from different hosts and different size of the cultivated, which is compared to the wilding by RP-HPLC method., Method: An Agilent Eclipse XDB-C18(4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm) column was used and a mixture of methanol-acetonitrile-1% acetic acid (15:10:75) was used as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.6 mL x min(-1). The column temperature was 30 degrees C and the UV detection wavelength was 334 nm., Result: The calibration curves of echinacoside and acteoside were in good linearity over the range of 0.904-9.04 microg (r = 0.999 9), and 1.27-12.7 microg (r = 0.999 9) respectively and the average recoveries of echinacoside (and acteoside) were 98.9% (n = 5, RSD 1.9%), and 97.0% (n = 5, RSD 0.97%)., Conclusion: The method is simple, quick, acurate. In all of the samples, the contents of echinacoside is markedly more than that of acteoside, the content of the two active component in the wilding is higher than that in the planting. The content of sample in the different sizes gradually increase from the big to the small, and the contents of samples collected from the different hosts vary markedly. These results are useful for the quality evaluation of medicinal materials of C. tubulosa.

Background & Objective: Effective treatment for hormone refractory prostate cancer was required. This study was to evaluate efficacy of combined chemotherapy of gemcitabine and cisplatin on hormone refractory prostate cancer, and its toxicities., Methods: Fifteen patients with advanced hormone refractory prostate cancer,who received castration and antiandrogen medicines,were conformed multiple bone metastatic carcinomas by emission computed tomography (ECT). One patient had hepatic metastasis, 1 had adrenal metastasis, and 1 had intracranial metastasis. The value of prostate special antigen (PSA) was in an ascending trend in all patients. Gemcitabine of 1 000 mg/m(2) and normal saline solution (NS) of 100 ml were administered by intravenous drip on day 1, and day 8, cisplatin of 100 mg/m(2) and NS of 500 ml were administered by intravenous drip on day 1, or cisplatin of 30 mg/m(2) and NS of 250 ml were administered by intravenous drip from day 1 to day 5 within each 28-day cycle., Results: Values of PSA in 10 patients descended to normal level (< 4 ng/L), those in 4 patients descended by more than 50%, and that in 1 patient had no change. Before chemotherapy, 12 patients suffered from pain of bone metastasis with 4 cases of grade I, 5 cases of grade II, and 3 cases of grade III. After chemotherapy, 9 patients released from pain,only 2 suffered from pain of grade I, 1 suffered from pain of grade II. The maximal diameter of multiple intracranial metastatic lesions was reduced from 3.0 to 0.5 cm, and the symptoms of facial paralysis vanished. Diameter of hepatic metastatic tumor was reduced from 10.2 to 3.3 cm, that of adrenal metastatic tumor was reduced by more than 2/3. Patients were followed-up for 3-29 months with a mean of 15.2 months. Of 15 patients, 2 died of the disease,the median survival time was 14.7 months. Mean time of pain remission was 13.6 months, and the stable period of PSA value descent was 12.3 months. Toxicities of chemotherapy were tolerable, including nausea/vomiting,leukopenia,decreased hemoglobin,and thrombo- cytopenia., Conclusions: Combined chemotherapy of gemcitabine and cisplatin is effective in treating advanced hormone refractory prostate cancer with tolerable toxicities, and could be considered as an adjuvant therapy for advanced hormone refractory prostate cancer.

Background & Objective: Classical radical cystectomy for invasive bladder cancer removes the urinary bladder and prostate completely and was associated with high incidence of post-operative impotence and urinary incontinence. It is uncertain whether prostate excision has any effects on the prognosis of patients undergone cystectomy if the prostate is not involved by the tumor. Sparing the prostate in radical cystectomy might improve potency and urinary control. This paper was to report our experience of sparing partial prostate in radical cystectomy for ten male patients., Method: Transurethral resection of the prostate and radical cystectomy with sparing partial prostatic capsula were carried out in 10 male patients with invasive bladder transitional cell carcinoma. Intestinal neobladder, anastomosed with the residual capsula, were used for reconstruction of the lower urinary tract. Clinical outcome of these patients including tumor control,urinary continence, and sexual status was evaluated., Results: Mean follow-up was 9 months (range 3-12 months). Postoperative pathological stage was T2N0M0 in all patients. Nine patients survived free of disease. One patient who had recurrence of poorly differentiated transitional cell carcinoma developed metastasis in bone and lymph nodes two months after cystectomy. All patients voided smoothly. Nine patients were continent day and night. One patient had mild incontinence. Of 8 patients with previously sexual function, 6 maintained potency., Conclusion: Satisfactory urinary control and sexual potency could be achieved in radical cystectomy with sparing partial prostate. Further study is needed about the long-term effects of sparing prostate in cystectomy on tumor control.

Background & Objective: Pheochromocytoma is clinically uncommon. Pheochromocytoma patients without hypertension or symptoms are often misdiagnosed. The patients could be cured by surgical removal of the tumor. However, surgery is dangerous if the preoperative preparation was not well done. The authors reported their experiences in surgical treatment of pheochromocytoma., Methods: Clinical data of 11 patients with pheochromocytoma were reviewed retrospectively to summarize the management of blood pressure during pre-operation and operation., Results: After excision of the tumors, 11 patients have been followed up for 3 months to 10 years. Blood pressure became normal and symptoms vanished in all patients. Only one patient recurred at paraveterbral sympathetic chain 6 months after operation and underwent another operation for removal of the tumor., Conclusion: Surgery is the mainstay of therapy for pheochromocytoma. The adequate preoperative preparation is very important for successful surgery.