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296 results on '"Scheer, Tobias"'

251. A representational theory of morphological information in phonology

Author

Scheer, Tobias, BCL, équipe Théorie phonologique, diachronie et dialectologie [jusqu'en 2007], Bases, Corpus, Langage (UMR 6039 - UNS / CNRS) (BCL ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, [SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics, Phonology
Published
2001

252. La Coda-Miroir

Author

Ségéral, Philippe, Scheer, Tobias, Laboratoire de Linguistique Formelle (LLF UMR7110), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), BCL, équipe Théorie phonologique, diachronie et dialectologie [jusqu'en 2007], Bases, Corpus, Langage (UMR 6039 - UNS / CNRS) (BCL ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, [SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics, Phonology
Published
2001

253. A propos de la vie des yers en slave et en français

Author

Scheer, Tobias, BCL, équipe Théorie phonologique, diachronie et dialectologie [jusqu'en 2007], Bases, Corpus, Langage (UMR 6039 - UNS / CNRS) (BCL ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Slavic languages, [SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, [SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics
Published
2001

254. Les séquences consonne + yod en gallo-roman

Author

Scheer, Tobias, Ségéral, Philippe, BCL, équipe Théorie phonologique, diachronie et dialectologie [jusqu'en 2007], Bases, Corpus, Langage (UMR 6039 - UNS / CNRS) (BCL ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Linguistique Formelle (LLF UMR7110), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)

Subjects
[SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, [SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics, Gallo-Romance
Published
2001

255. The Rhythmic Law in Czech : vowel-final Prefixes

Author

Scheer, Tobias, BCL, équipe Théorie phonologique, diachronie et dialectologie [jusqu'en 2007], Bases, Corpus, Langage (UMR 6039 - UNS / CNRS) (BCL ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Uwe Junghans, Grit Mehlhorn, Luka Szucsich, and Gerhild Zybatow (eds.)

Subjects
[SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, [SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics, Czech
Published
2001

256. Templatic activity in Czech and Slovak

Author

Scheer, Tobias, BCL, équipe Théorie phonologique, diachronie et dialectologie [jusqu'en 2007], Bases, Corpus, Langage (UMR 6039 - UNS / CNRS) (BCL ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, [SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics, Czech
Published
2000

257. On some consequences of dephoneticized Phonology

Author

Scheer, Tobias, BCL, équipe Théorie phonologique, diachronie et dialectologie [jusqu'en 2007], Bases, Corpus, Langage (UMR 6039 - UNS / CNRS) (BCL ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, [SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics, Phonology
Published
2000

258. Why Moroccan Arabic tolerates anything word-initially, but Slavic does not

Author

Scheer, Tobias, BCL, équipe Théorie phonologique, diachronie et dialectologie [jusqu'en 2007], Bases, Corpus, Langage (UMR 6039 - UNS / CNRS) (BCL ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Arabic, [SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, [SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics
Published
2000

259. De la Localité, de la Morphologie et de la Phonologie en Phonologie

Author

Scheer, Tobias, BCL, équipe Théorie phonologique, diachronie et dialectologie [jusqu'en 2007], Bases, Corpus, Langage (UMR 6039 - UNS / CNRS) (BCL ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, [SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics, Phonology
Abstract

377 pages

Published
2000

260. Aspects de l'alternance schwa-zéro à la lumière de 'CVCV'

Author

Scheer, Tobias, BCL, équipe Théorie phonologique, diachronie et dialectologie [jusqu'en 2007], Bases, Corpus, Langage (UMR 6039 - UNS / CNRS) (BCL ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Schwa, [SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, [SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics
Published
1999

261. A generalized theory of Ablaut : the case of Modern German Strong Verbs

Author

Scheer, Tobias, Ségéral, Philippe, BCL, équipe Théorie phonologique, diachronie et dialectologie [jusqu'en 2007], Bases, Corpus, Langage (UMR 6039 - UNS / CNRS) (BCL ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Linguistique Formelle (LLF UMR7110), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Ray Fabri, Albert Ortmann, Teresa Parodi (eds.), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, [SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics, Phonology
Published
1998

262. La provenance apophonique des semi-voyelles dans les formes verbales en arabe classique

Author

Scheer, Tobias, CHEKAYRI, Abdellah, BCL, équipe Théorie phonologique, diachronie et dialectologie [jusqu'en 2007], Bases, Corpus, Langage (UMR 6039 - UNS / CNRS) (BCL ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, [SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics, Phonology
Published
1998

263. Governing Domains are Head-Final

Author

Scheer, Tobias, BCL, équipe Théorie phonologique, diachronie et dialectologie [jusqu'en 2007], Bases, Corpus, Langage (UMR 6039 - UNS / CNRS) (BCL ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Eugeniusz Cyran (ed.)

Subjects
[SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, [SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics, Phonology
Published
1998

264. La structure interne des consonnes

Author

Scheer, Tobias, BCL, équipe Théorie phonologique, diachronie et dialectologie [jusqu'en 2007], Bases, Corpus, Langage (UMR 6039 - UNS / CNRS) (BCL ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Patric Sauzet (ed.)

Subjects
[SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, [SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics, Phonology
Published
1998

267. Des Ablauts gemeiner Gegner: Laryngale

Author

Scheer, Tobias, Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis - UFR Sciences du langage (UP8 UFR SdL), Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8), and Bases, Corpus, Langage, UMR 7320

Subjects
[SCCO.LING] Cognitive science/Linguistics, [SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, [SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics, [SHS.LANGUE] Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics
Abstract

no abstract

Published
1997

268. Vowel-zero alternations and their support for a theory of consonantal interaction

Author

Scheer, Tobias, Bases, Corpus, Langage, UMR 7320, David Michaels, Pier-Marco Bertinetto, L. Gaeta, Georgi Jecev (eds.), Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis - UFR Sciences du langage (UP8 UFR SdL), Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8), David Michaels, Pier-Marco Bertinetto, L. Gaeta, and Georgi Jecev (eds.)

Subjects
[SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, [SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics, [SCCO.LING] Cognitive science/Linguistics, [SHS.LANGUE] Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, linguistique
Abstract

no abstract

Published
1997

269. The apophonic origin of Glides in the verbal system of Classical Arabic

Author

Scheer, Tobias, CHEKAYRI, Abdellah, Bases, Corpus, Langage, UMR 7320, Ur Shlonsky, Jean Lowenstamm, Jacqueline Lecarme (eds), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Ur Shlonsky, Jean Lowenstamm, and Jacqueline Lecarme (eds)

Subjects
Linguistique, [SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, [SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics, [SCCO.LING] Cognitive science/Linguistics, [SHS.LANGUE] Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics
Abstract

no abstract

Published
1996

270. Halbechte Rektion in germanischem Wandel und althochdeutscher Brechung

Author

Scheer, Tobias, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), and Bases, Corpus, Langage, UMR 7320

Subjects
[SCCO.LING] Cognitive science/Linguistics, [SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, [SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics, [SHS.LANGUE] Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics
Abstract

no abstract

Published
1995

272. L'apophonie dans les verbes forts de l'allemand moderne

Author

Scheer, Tobias, Ségéral, Philippe, Bases, Corpus, Langage, UMR 7320, Georges Tsoulas, Léa Nash, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Laboratoire de Linguistique Formelle (LLF UMR7110), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)

Subjects
[SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, [SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics, [SCCO.LING] Cognitive science/Linguistics, [SHS.LANGUE] Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, linguistique
Abstract

no abstract

Published
1994

275. Modular PIC.

Author

D'Alessandro, Roberta and Scheer, Tobias

Subjects
PROSODIC analysis (Linguistics), GRAMMAR, ABRUZZESE dialect, PHONOLOGY, SYNTAX (Grammar)
Abstract

This article argues that there can only be one chunk-defining device in grammar: a theory cannot afford to have the same work done twice, once by phases, a second time by prosodic constituency. As it stands, however, phase theory is unable to describe all phonologically relevant chunks; these are too small and too diverse to be delineated. To qualify as the only chunk-defining device in grammar, phase theory therefore needs to be made more flexible—that is, to be adapted to the demands of phonology. To allow phase theory to describe all phonologically relevant chunks, we propose the separation of the Spell-Out operation from the Phase Impenetrability Condition (PIC). When Spell-Out occurs, every access point may or may not be associated with a PIC at PF, and the same optional endowment with a PIC holds for syntax. This is what we call Modular PIC. Empirically, on the basis of Abruzzese raddoppiamento fonosintattico and data from Bantu, we show that PIC effects in syntax and phonology are entirely independent: a given Spell-Out operation may leave traces in both modules, in either one, or in neither. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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285. Invariant syllable skeleton, complex segments and word edges.

Author

SCHEER, TOBIAS

Subjects
*SYLLABLE (Grammar), *VARIATION in language, *MORPHOLOGY (Grammar), *CONSONANTS, *VOWELS
Abstract

San Duanmu's Syllable Structure: The Limits of Variation raises a number of questions that are of general interest for phonological theory. Of special interest here are: the genesis and management of linearity in complex segments, the place of analogy (or paradigm uniformity) in grammar, the role of morphology in accounting for phonological patterns, the balance of static (distributional patterns) and dynamic (phonological processes) evidence for syllable structure, the role of stress in syllabification, and the import of corpus-based data for phonological analysis. In each case, Duanmu's proposals are evaluated according to their intrinsic consistency, the empirical record and the relevant body of literature. Alternative ways of handling the phenomena are offered, and these are fairly traditional in most cases. Duanmu's book is particularly relevant in the current constitution of the field where the see-saw movement between computation and representations seems to swing back in direction of the latter after having long been immobilised on the computational end. Standing clearly on the representational side, the theory exposed in the book aims to show that all surface strings may be reduced to a fixed and invariant syllable template, C(onsonant)V(owel)X. This enterprise is interesting especially in presence of another representationally-oriented theory, CVCV (Lowenstamm 1996, Scheer 2004), which also aims at reducing surface variation to an invariant syllabic skeleton, made of a monotonic sequence of CV units. However, the CVX and the CVCV templates are quite distinct, and the strategies that are used in order to accommodate the surface string are opposite (shrinking in the former case, expanding in the latter). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2012
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288. Bestandsveränderungen der Desmidiaceen im Naturschutzgebiet Barssee und Pechsee (Berlin) in den letzten siebzig Jahren unter anthropogenen Einflüssen

Author

Scheer, Tobias and Kusber, Wolf-Henning

Abstract

The desmids of two bog areas in a reserve in urban Berlin, Germany were investigated in 1993. In Barssee and Pechsee 57 taxa were found among Sphagnum and in the plankton. At both sampling sites desmids were important contributors to the microalgal flora. The phytoplankton of Pechsee reached biovolumes up to 60 mm3 • 1-1 and was dominated by Cosmarium sphagnicolum throughout the entire vegetation period. In the plankton desmid species diversity was poor. But the Sphagnum-stands were rich in desmid species typical for oligotrophic and mesotrophic habitats. Taxa lists are compared to earlier investigations since 1923. Changes in the desmid flora are discussed in relation to fall of ground water level accompanying urbanization and restoration measures since 1985. This case study of the protection of species within an urban nature reserve shows the urgent need for a protection of Sphagnum-stands as habitats of diverse desmid communities.

Published
1997
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289. On the graphic results rr and r in Old French from intervocalic latin tr/dr.

Author

Scheer, Tobias and Ségéral, Philippe

Subjects
FRENCH language, FRENCH phonology, PHONETICS
Abstract

The contribution of Tobias Scheer and Philippe Ségéral is based on historical French phonetic research in the framework of the work on the Grande grammaire historique du français1, and demonstrates that, building on the neogrammarian and structuralist achievements of the 19th and 20th centuries, the historical phonetics of French can still make progress thanks to a more detailed analysis of the data. These authors re-examine a phonetic and graphic locus variationis, for example, the opposition r/rr in the Old French lere/larron. They show that the interpretation given by Pierre Fouché about the phonetic and not just the graphic reality of the opposition r/rr is certain and that it is related to the vocalic quantity of the preceding vowels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017

291. Étymologie

Author

Buchi, Eva, Analyse et Traitement Informatique de la Langue Française (ATILF), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Marchello-Nizia, Christiane, Combettes, Bernard, Prévost, Sophie, and Scheer, Tobias

Subjects
étymologie, lexique, français, [SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2020
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292. Diachronie de la liaison

Author

Laks, Bernard, Laks, Bernard, Prévost Sophie, Marchello-Nizia Christiane, Combettes Bernard, Scheer Tobias, Modèles, Dynamiques, Corpus (MoDyCo), and Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, [SHS.LANGUE] Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2018

293. Réel, irréel, inréel : depuis quand le français connaît-il deux préfixes négatifs IN- ?

Author

Buchi, Eva, Analyse et Traitement Informatique de la Langue Française (ATILF), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Barra-Jover, Mario, Brun-Trigaud, Guylaine, Dalbera, Jean-Philippe, Sauzet, Patrick & Scheer, Tobias, Buchi, Eva, and Barra-Jover, Mario, Brun-Trigaud, Guylaine, Dalbera, Jean-Philippe, Sauzet, Patrick & Scheer, Tobias

Subjects
affixe, histoire, préfixe, [SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, [SHS.LANGUE] Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, in, Français, morphologie constructionnelle, diachronie
Abstract

Cette étude apporte le complément diachronique de l'article suivant : Apothéloz, Denis (2003) : "Le rôle de l'iconicité constructionnelle dans le fonctionnement du préfixe négatif in- : Cahiers de linguistique analogique 1 : 35-63.

Published
2012

294. Customizable Presentation Attack Detection for Improved Resilience of Biometric Applications Using Near-Infrared Skin Detection.

Author

Scheer T, Rohde M, Breithaupt R, Jung N, and Lange R

Subjects
Humans, Skin diagnostic imaging, Biometry methods, Computer Security, Reproducibility of Results, Infrared Rays, Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared methods, Dermatoglyphics, Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted, Biometric Identification methods
Abstract

Due to their user-friendliness and reliability, biometric systems have taken a central role in everyday digital identity management for all kinds of private, financial and governmental applications with increasing security requirements. A central security aspect of unsupervised biometric authentication systems is the presentation attack detection (PAD) mechanism, which defines the robustness to fake or altered biometric features. Artifacts like photos, artificial fingers, face masks and fake iris contact lenses are a general security threat for all biometric modalities. The Biometric Evaluation Center of the Institute of Safety and Security Research (ISF) at the University of Applied Sciences Bonn-Rhein-Sieg has specialized in the development of a near-infrared (NIR)-based contact-less detection technology that can distinguish between human skin and most artifact materials. This technology is highly adaptable and has already been successfully integrated into fingerprint scanners, face recognition devices and hand vein scanners. In this work, we introduce a cutting-edge, miniaturized near-infrared presentation attack detection (NIR-PAD) device. It includes an innovative signal processing chain and an integrated distance measurement feature to boost both reliability and resilience. We detail the device's modular configuration and conceptual decisions, highlighting its suitability as a versatile platform for sensor fusion and seamless integration into future biometric systems. This paper elucidates the technological foundations and conceptual framework of the NIR-PAD reference platform, alongside an exploration of its potential applications and prospective enhancements.

Published
2024
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295. Robust Identification and Segmentation of the Outer Skin Layers in Volumetric Fingerprint Data.

Author

Kirfel A, Scheer T, Jung N, and Busch C

Subjects
Humans, Biometry methods, Tomography, Optical Coherence methods, Fingers diagnostic imaging, Fingers anatomy & histology, Dermatoglyphics, Skin diagnostic imaging
Abstract

Despite the long history of fingerprint biometrics and its use to authenticate individuals, there are still some unsolved challenges with fingerprint acquisition and presentation attack detection (PAD). Currently available commercial fingerprint capture devices struggle with non-ideal skin conditions, including soft skin in infants. They are also susceptible to presentation attacks, which limits their applicability in unsupervised scenarios such as border control. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) could be a promising solution to these problems. In this work, we propose a digital signal processing chain for segmenting two complementary fingerprints from the same OCT fingertip scan: One fingerprint is captured as usual from the epidermis ("outer fingerprint"), whereas the other is taken from inside the skin, at the junction between the epidermis and the underlying dermis ("inner fingerprint"). The resulting 3D fingerprints are then converted to a conventional 2D grayscale representation from which minutiae points can be extracted using existing methods. Our approach is device-independent and has been proven to work with two different time domain OCT scanners. Using efficient GPGPU computing, it took less than a second to process an entire gigabyte of OCT data. To validate the results, we captured OCT fingerprints of 130 individual fingers and compared them with conventional 2D fingerprints of the same fingers. We found that both the outer and inner OCT fingerprints were backward compatible with conventional 2D fingerprints, with the inner fingerprint generally being less damaged and, therefore, more reliable.

Published
2022
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296. Neglected Factors Bearing on Reaction Time in Language Production.

Author

Scheer T and Mathy F

Subjects
Cognition, Humans, Psycholinguistics, Reaction Time, Language, Phonetics
Abstract

The input to phonological reasoning are alternations, that is, variations in the pronunciation of related words, such as in electri[k] - electri[s]-ity. But phonologists cannot agree what counts as a relevant alternation: the issue is highly contentious despite a research record of over 50 years. We believe that the experimental setup presented may contribute to this debate based on a kind of evidence that was not brought to bear to date. Our experiment was thus designed to distinguish between alternations where phonological computation plays no role, and those where it has contributed to language production. The design manipulates two factors that to date have not been considered in experimental studies of language production: linguistic complexity and alternation specificity. The former is understood as extra processing demands issued by two types of linguistic activity, morphosyntactic and phonological. Our results show that reaction time latencies are longer when participants are burdened with both morphosyntactic and phonological tasks than when they carry out just a morphosyntactic task, and they are still shorter in absence of both types of demands. These results allowed us to address alternation specificity, that is, the fact that different alternations (within a language or across languages) may be driven by different production routines (an idea that is consensual among linguists but underdeveloped in the psycholinguistic literature). Our study shows that four different alternations in French produce alternation-specific signatures in reaction time latencies. These findings may thus redound to the advantage of psycholinguistic studies by identifying two new factors, as well as produce results that speak to the linguistic quarrels., (© 2021 Cognitive Science Society LLC.)

Published
2021
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