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Introduction: Rotator cuff tears is a severely debilitating condition widely prevelant amongst the elderly age group. Timely adequate repair is of utmost importance. Aims and Objectives: To study the functional outcome of arthroscopic single row repair for rotator cuff tears. Materials and Methodology: We enrolled 30 patients of rotator cuff tears. Each patient underwent arthrosocpic single row repair in the lateral position with concomitant sub acromial decompression. Post operative protocol included immobilisation for 6 weeks followed by active assisted range of motion at 6 weeks and strengthening exercises at 3 months. We assessed the patient pre operatively and post operatively at 6 weeks, 3 months and 6 months using Constant Score and Visual analog scale for pain. Results: There was significant improvement at every follow up with mean Constant Score increasing from pre operative to post operative stage at 6 months. According to individual relative Constant Score patients went from a mean of poor to good outcome. Visual analog scale for pain changed from a meanscore of severe to mild at 6 months post operatively. Conclusion: Arthroscopic single row repair is a simple, minimally invasive, cost effective procedure with good functional outcomes and pain relief.

Introduction: Cervical spondylosis means osteoarthritis of cervical spinal column. The degenerative process mainly affects the vertebrae, neural foramina and the facet joints. It leads to compression of the spinal cord resulting in progressive neural cell loss and neurological deterioration in 40 to 60 % of patients. Cervical myelopathy is a constellation of symptoms and physical findings including motor and sensory abnormalities. Spasticity and paresis are frequently seen. The patient often complaints of gait disturbance due to abnormalities incorticospinal tract and spinal spinocerebellar tracts. There is also associated loss of grip strength and finger movements. Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) is a commonly performed procedure to remove a herniated or degenerative disc. An incision is made in the anterior cervical region and the disc is then removed. A graft is then placed to fuse the vertebrae above and below the disc. ACDF was first described by Cloward, Smith and Robinson in 1958 and shortly later by Hirsch in 1960 who described anterior cervical decompression and debated the necessity for inter body fusion. Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion has been widely performed since the late 1950s and is currently recommended in patients in whom the nonoperative modalities for single level or multilevel disease have failed. Objectives: To study the functional outcome of cervical discectomy and fusion with anterior cervical plating among patients of cervical disc disease. Materials and Methods: 46 patients treated with ACDF with anterior cervical plating were considered in this study. Results and Conclusion: All the patients showed significant post-operative improvement in their symptoms and diagnostic scores. Thus, we can conclude that ACDF with anterior cervical plating is an efficient procedure in patients with cervical myelopathic symptoms not responding to conservative treatment.

Objective: The knee joint is one of the most commonly affected joints of the body and this can be attributed to its exposure to external forces and the high functional demands placed on the joint. Meniscal root tears have conventionally been treated with menisectomy and in this study we evaluate the effects of repairing the torn posterior medial meniscal root. We also study the effects of age and body mass index on the postoperative outcome of the patient. Methods: 35 patients with posterior horn medial meniscus root tear were operated with root repair with either a fibre wire/ fibre tape or their pre and post-operative tegner lysholm scores were evaluated. Results and Conclusions: The evaluation was suggestive that medial meniscus root repair improved outcomes. Additionally, a relationship was established between the body mass index and patient age with that of the post-operative function.

THE IDEAL SITUATION IN THE TEACHING OF HINDI TO AMERICAN STUDENTS SHOULD BE SUCH THAT--(1) THE TEACHER OF HINDI IS AWARE OF ALL THE LIKELY PROBLEMS ENGLISH SPEAKERS MAY FACE IN LEARNING HINDI, (2) THE TEACHER HAS DEVISED WAYS OF OVERCOMING THESE PROBLEMS, (3) HE HAS A HINDI TEXT WHICH IS ORGANIZED AND BASED ON THE RESULTS OF A CONTRASTIVE ANALYSIS OF HINDI AND ENGLISH AND A FREQUENCY ANALYSIS OF HINDI, IS GRADED IN TERMS OF DEGREES OF COMPLEXITY STARTING FROM THE SIMPLE STRUCTURES AND GOING ON TO MORE DIFFICULT ONES, AND IS FULL OF RELEVANT CULTURAL CONTENTS. THE AUTHOR POINTS OUT SOME PHONOLOGICAL AND SYNTACTICAL PROBLEMS WHICH AMERICANS LEARNING HINDI HAVE TO OVERCOME. HE ALSO EMPHASIZES THE NEED FOR AWARENESS OF THE DIFFERENCES AND SIMILARITIES BETWEEN THE STUDENT'S OWN CULTURE AND THAT OF THE LANGUAGE WHICH HE IS LEARNING. (AMM)

Objective: Study was done to compare results between the Proximal Femoral Nail (PFN) and 95° Dynamic Condylar Screw (DCS) in Subtrochanteric femur fracture. Hypothesis was made that outcome of PFN technique is comparable to 95° DCS. Materials and Methods: 60 patients were taken in study out of which PFN technique performed on 30 patients and on remaining 30 patients 95° DCS technique was used in a tertiary care Centre. Both technique were compared on basis of time of injury to surgery, operation time, blood loss, hospital stay, blood transfusion, implant related complication, healing time, Harris Hip score and union time. Results: There was remarkable difference in Harris Hip score, fracture union, mean operative time, blood loss, wound healing. Complications such as pressure sore, pulmonary embolism etc. were found to be higher in 95° DCS group as compared to PFN group. Conclusion: PFN is found to better internal fixation device in treatment of subtrochanteric femur fracture.