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277 results on '"Molinari, Emilio"'

251. HARPS-N @ TNG, two year harvesting data: performances and results

Author

Ramsay, Suzanne K., McLean, Ian S., Takami, Hideki, Cosentino, Rosario, Lovis, Christophe, Pepe, Francesco, Cameron, Andrew C., Latham, David W., Molinari, Emilio, Udry, Stephane, Bezawada, Naidu, Buchschacher, Nicolas, Figueira, Pedro, Fleury, Michel, Ghedina, Adriano, Glenday, Alexander G., Gonzalez, Manuel, Guerra, Jose, Henry, David, Hughes, Ian, Maire, Charles, Motalebi, Fatemeh, and Phillips, David Forrest

Published
2014
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252. Project overview and update on WEAVE: the next generation wide-field spectroscopy facility for the William Herschel Telescope

Author

Ramsay, Suzanne K., McLean, Ian S., Takami, Hideki, Dalton, Gavin, Trager, Scott, Abrams, Don Carlos, Bonifacio, Piercarlo, López Aguerri, J. Alfonso, Middleton, Kevin, Benn, Chris, Dee, Kevin, Sayède, Frédéric, Lewis, Ian, Pragt, Johan, Pico, Sergio, Walton, Nic, Rey, Juerg, Allende Prieto, Carlos, Peñate, José, Lhome, Emilie, Agócs, Tibor, Alonso, José, Terrett, David, Brock, Matthew, Gilbert, James, Ridings, Andy, Guinouard, Isabelle, Verheijen, Mark, Tosh, Ian, Rogers, Kevin, Steele, Iain, Stuik, Remko, Tromp, Neils, Jasko, Attila, Kragt, Jan, Lesman, Dirk, Mottram, Chris, Bates, Stuart, Gribbin, Frank, Rodriguez, Luis Fernando, Delgado, José M., Martin, Carlos, Cano, Diego, Navarro, Ramón, Irwin, Mike, Lewis, Jim, Gonzalez Solares, Eduardo, O'Mahony, Neil, Bianco, Andrea, Zurita, Christina, ter Horst, Rik, Molinari, Emilio, Lodi, Marcello, Guerra, José, Vallenari, Antonella, and Baruffolo, Andrea

Published
2014
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254. HARPS-N Observes the Sun as a Star

Author

Dumusque, Xavier, Glenday, Alex, Phillips, David F., Buchschacher, Nicolas, Cameron, Andrew Collier, Cecconi, Massimo, Charbonneau, David, Cosentino, Rosario, Ghedina, Adriano, Latham, David Winslow, Li, Chih-Hao, Lodi, Marcello, Lovis, Christophe, Molinari, Emilio, Pepe, Francesco, Udry, Stéphane, Sasselov, Dimitar D., Szentgyorgyi, Andrew H., and Walsworth, Ronald Lee

Subjects
instrumentation: spectrographs, planets and satellites: detection, techniques: radial velocities
Abstract

Radial velocity (RV) perturbations induced by stellar surface inhomogeneities including spots, plages and granules currently limit the detection of Earth-twins using Doppler spectroscopy. Such stellar noise is poorly understood for stars other than the Sun because their surface is unresolved. In particular, the effects of stellar surface inhomogeneities on observed stellar radial velocities are extremely difficult to characterize, and thus developing optimal correction techniques to extract true stellar radial velocities is extremely challenging. In this paper, we present preliminary results of a solar telescope built to feed full-disk sunlight into the HARPS-N spectrograph, which is in turn calibrated with an astro-comb. This setup enables long-term observation of the Sun as a star with state-of-the-art sensitivity to RV changes. Over seven days of observing in 2014, we show an average 50 cm s−1 RV rms over a few hours of observation. After correcting observed radial velocities for spot and plage perturbations using full-disk photometry of the Sun, we lower by a factor of two the weekly RV rms to 60 cm s−1. The solar telescope is now entering routine operation, and will observe the Sun every clear day for several hours. We will use these radial velocities combined with data from solar satellites to improve our understanding of stellar noise and develop optimal correction methods. If successful, these new methods should enable the detection of Venus over the next two to three years, thus demonstrating the possibility of detecting Earth-twins around other solar-like stars using the RV technique., Astronomy

Published
2015
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255. Characterizing K2 Planet Discoveries: A Super-Earth Transiting the Bright K Dwarf Hip 116454

Author

Vanderburg, Andrew Michael, Montet, Benjamin T., Johnson, John Asher, Buchhave, Lars A., Zeng, Li, Pepe, Francesco, Cameron, Andrew Collier, Latham, David Winslow, Molinari, Emilio, Udry, Stéphane, Lovis, Christophe, Matthews, Jaymie M., Cameron, Chris, Law, Nicholas, Bowler, Brendan P., Angus, Ruth, Baranec, Christoph, Bieryla, Allyson, Boschin, Walter, Charbonneau, David, Cosentino, Rosario, Dumusque, Xavier, Figueira, Pedro, Guenther, David B., Harutyunyan, Avet, Hellier, Coel, Kuschnig, Rainer, Lopez-Morales, Mercedes, Mayor, Michel, Micela, Giusi, Moffat, Anthony F. J., Pedani, Marco, Phillips, David F., Piotto, Giampaolo, Pollacco, Don, Queloz, Didier, Rice, Ken, Riddle, Reed, Rowe, Jason F., Rucinski, Slavek M., Sasselov, Dimitar D., Ségransan, Damien, Sozzetti, Alessandro, Szentgyorgyi, Andrew H., Watson, Chris, and Weiss, Werner W.

Subjects
planets and satellites: detection, techniques: photometric
Abstract

We report the first planet discovery from the two-wheeled Kepler (K2) mission: HIP 116454 b. The host star HIP 116454 is a bright (V = 10.1, K = 8.0) K1 dwarf with high proper motion and a parallax-based distance of 55.2 ± 5.4 pc. Based on high-resolution optical spectroscopy, we find that the host star is metal-poor with [Fe/H] = −0.16±0.08 and has a radius R = 0.716 ± 0.024 R and mass M = 0.775±0.027 M. The star was observed by the Kepler spacecraft during its Two-Wheeled Concept Engineering Test in 2014 February. During the 9 days of observations, K2 observed a single transit event. Using a new K2 photometric analysis technique, we are able to correct small telescope drifts and recover the observed transit at high confidence, corresponding to a planetary radius of Rp = 2.53 ± 0.18 R⊕. Radial velocity observations with the HARPS-N spectrograph reveal a 11.82 ± 1.33 M⊕ planet in a 9.1 day orbit, consistent with the transit depth, duration, and ephemeris. Follow-up photometric measurements from the MOST satellite confirm the transit observed in the K2 photometry and provide a refined ephemeris, making HIP 116454 b amenable for future follow-up observations of this latest addition to the growing population of transiting super-Earths around nearby, bright stars., Astronomy

Published
2015
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256. The Mass of Kepler-93b and the Composition of Terrestrial Planets

Author

Dressing, Courtney Danielle, Charbonneau, David, Dumusque, Xavier, Gettel, Sara, Pepe, Francesco, Collier Cameron, Andrew, Latham, David Winslow, Molinari, Emilio, Udry, Stéphane, Affer, Laura, Bonomo, Aldo S., Buchhave, Lars A., Cosentino, Rosario, Figueira, Pedro, Fiorenzano, Aldo F. M., Harutyunyan, Avet, Haywood, Raphaelle D., Johnson, John Asher, Lopez-Morales, Mercedes, Lovis, Christophe, Malavolta, Luca, Mayor, Michel, Micela, Giusi, Motalebi, Fatemeh, Nascimbeni, Valerio, Phillips, David F., Piotto, Giampaolo, Pollacco, Don, Queloz, Didier, Rice, Ken, Sasselov, Dimitar D., Ségransan, Damien, Sozzetti, Alessandro, Szentgyorgyi, Andrew H., and Watson, Chris

Subjects
planetary systems, planets and satellites: composition, stars: individual (Kepler-93 = KOI 69 = KIC 3544595), techniques: radial velocities
Abstract

Kepler-93b is a 1.478 ± 0.019 R⊕ planet with a 4.7 day period around a bright (V = 10.2), astroseismically characterized host star with a mass of 0.911 ± 0.033 M and a radius of 0.919 ± 0.011 R. Based on 86 radial velocity observations obtained with the HARPS-N spectrograph on the Telescopio Nazionale Galileo and 32 archival Keck/HIRES observations, we present a precise mass estimate of 4.02±0.68 M⊕. The corresponding high density of 6.88±1.18 g cm−3 is consistent with a rocky composition of primarily iron and magnesium silicate. We compare Kepler-93b to other dense planets with well-constrained parameters and find that between 1 and 6 M⊕, all dense planets including the Earth and Venus are well-described by the same fixed ratio of iron to magnesium silicate. There are as of yet no examples of such planets with masses > 6 M⊕. All known planets in this mass regime have lower densities requiring significant fractions of volatiles or H/He gas. We also constrain the mass and period of the outer companion in the Kepler-93 system from the long-term radial velocity trend and archival adaptive optics images. As the sample of dense planets with well-constrained masses and radii continues to grow, we will be able to test whether the fixed compositional model found for the seven dense planets considered in this paper extends to the full population of 1–6 M⊕ planets., Astronomy

Published
2015
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258. REM - Rapid Eye Mount. A Fast Slewing Robotized Telescope to Monitor the Prompt Infra-red Afterglow of GRBs.

Author

Costa, Enrico, Frontera, Filippo, Hjorth, Jens, Zerbi, Filippo M., Chincarini, Guido, Rodonó, Marcello, Antonelli, Angelo, Burderi, Luciano, Campana, Sergio, Conconi, Paolo, Covino, Stefano, Cutispoto, Giuseppe, Ghisellini, Gabriele, Lazzati, Davide, Martinetti, Eugenio, Molinari, Emilio, Sardone, Stefano, Stella, Luigi, and Vitali, Fabrizio

Abstract

We present REM, a fully robotized fast slewing telescope equipped with a NIR (Z', J, H, K') camera dedicated to monitoring of the prompt IR afterglow of GRBs. REM can discover objects at extremely high red-shift and to trigger large telescopes to observe them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2001
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259. The BMW Deep X-Ray Cluster Survey.

Author

Cristiani, Stefano, Renzini, Alvio, Williams, Robert E., Guzzo, Luigi, Moretti, Alberto, Campana, Sergio, Covino, Stefano, Dell'Antonio, Ian, Lazzati, Davide, Longhetti, Marcella, Molinari, Emilio, Panzera, Maria Rosa, and Tagliaferri, Gianpiero

Abstract

We briely describe the main features and first results of the BMW survey of serendipitous X-ray clusters, based on the still unexploited ROSAT-HRI archival observations. The sky coverage, surface density and first deep CCD images of the candidates indicate that this sample can represent an excellent complement to the existing PSPC deep cluster surveys. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2001
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260. Correcting Astrophysical Noise in HARPS-N RV Measurements

Author

Gettel, Sara, Pepe, Francesco, Collier Cameron, Andrew, Latham, David, Molinari, Emilio, Udry, Stephane, Charbonneau, David, Lopez-Morales, Mercedes, Lovis, Christophe, Micela, G., Philips, David, Piotto, G., Pollacco, D., Queloz, Didier, Rice, K., Sasselov, Dimitar, Segrasan, D., Alessandro Sozzetti, Szentgyorgyi, A., Mayor, Michel, and Harps-N Collaborators

261. Luminosity Function of Early-Type Galaxies in Clusters Cores

Author

Molinari, Emilio and Riccardo Smareglia

Subjects
Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Computer Science::Neural and Evolutionary Computation, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

We show the possibility to exploit the non-linear behaviour of artificial neural network (ANN) for the identification of the early-type component of the population of the core of clusters of galaxies. We result in a measurement of the luminosity function of the E/S0 galaxies which disfavours the hypothesis of a universal LF and calls for dynamical influences., 4 pages, uuencoded gzipped ps-file, 326 kByte Proc. ``Mapping, Measuring and Modelling the Universe'', Valencia 1995, eds.: P. Coles, V. Martinez, M. Pons, to be published by ASP

262. KEPLER-21b: A ROCKY PLANET AROUND A V=8.25 mag STAR

Author

Lopez-Morales, Mercedes, Haywood, Raphaelle D., Coughlin, Jeffrey L., Zeng, Li, Buchhave, Lars A., Giles, Helen A. C., Affer, Laura, Bonomo, Aldo S., Charbonneau, David, Cameron, Andrew Collier, Consentino, Rosario, Dressing, Courtney D., Dumusque, Xavier, Pedro Figueira, Fiorenzano, Aldo F. M., Harutyunyan, Avet, Johnson, John Asher, Latham, David W., Lopez, Eric D., Lovis, Christophe, Malavolta, Luca, Mayor, Michel, Micela, Giusi, Molinari, Emilio, Mortier, Annelies, Motalebi, Fatemeh, Nascimbeni, Valerio, Pepe, Francesco, Phillips, David F., Piotto, Giampaolo, Pollacco, Don, Queloz, Didier, Rice, Ken, Sasselov, Dimitar, Segransan, Damien, Sozzetti, Alessandro, Udry, Stephane, Vanderburg, Andrew, and Watson, Chris

263. Swift, VLT and Gamma Ray Bursts: The Richness and Beauty of the Global View

Author

Chincarini, Guido, Margutti, Raffaella, Covino, Stefano, D Avanzo, Paolo, Fugazza, Dino, Guidorzi, Cristiano, Mao, Jirong, Moretti, Alberto, Capalbi, Milvia, Cusumano, Giancarlo, D Elia, Valerio, Della Valle, Massimo, Fiore, Fabrizio, Mangano, Vanessa, Molinari, Emilio, Perri, Matteo, Romano, Patrizia, Ruben Salvaterra, Zerbi, Filippo, Campana, Sergio, Giommi, Paolo, Guarneri, Adriano, Stella, Luigi, Tagliaferri, Gianpiero, Pian, Elena, Palazzi, Eliana, Piranomonte, Silvia, Antonelli, Angelo, Salotti, Luca, and Fernandez Soto, Alberto

264. Supernovae shed light on gamma-ray bursts

Author

Della Valle, Massimo, Malesani, Daniele, Chincarini, Guido, Stella, Luigi, Tagliaferri, Gianpiero, Antonelli, Lucio Angelo, Campana, Sergio, Covino, Stefano, Fiore, Fabrizio, Gehrels, Neil, Hurley, Kevin, Pellizza, Leonardo J., Zerbi, Filippo Maria, Angelini, Lorella, Burderi, Luciano, Burrows, Dave, Capalbi, Milvia, Caraveo, Patrizia, Costa, Enrico, Cusumano, Giancarlo, Filliatre, Philippe, Fugazza, Dino, Gilmozzi, Roberto, Giommi, Paolo, Goldoni, Paolo, Israel, Gian Luca, Mason, Elena, Mason, Keith, Melandr, Andrea, Mereghetti, Sandro, Mirabel, I. Felix, Molinari, Emilio, alberto moretti, Nousek, John, O Brien, Paul, Osborne, Julian, Perna, Rosalba, Perri, Matteo, Piro, Luigi, Puchnarewicz, Elizabeth, Vietri, Mario, and Mistici1 Collaboration

265. Atomic iron and titanium in the atmosphere of the exoplanet KELT-9b

Author

Hoeijmakers, Jens, Ehrenreich, David, Heng, Kevin, Kitzmann, Daniel, Grimm, Simon, Allart, Romain, Deitrick, Russell John, Wyttenbach, Aurélien, Oreshenko, Maria, Pino, Lorenzo, Rimmer, Paul B., Molinari, Emilio, and Di Fabrizio, Luca

Subjects
13. Climate action, 530 Physics, 520 Astronomy, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, 7. Clean energy
Abstract

To constrain the formation history of an exoplanet, we need to know its chemical composition. With an equilibrium temperature of about 4,050 kelvin, the exoplanet KELT-9b (also known as HD 195689b) is an archetype of the class of ultrahot Jupiters that straddle the transition between stars and gas-giant exoplanets and are therefore useful for studying atmospheric chemistry. At these high temperatures, iron and several other transition metals are not sequestered in molecules or cloud particles and exist solely in their atomic forms5. However, despite being the most abundant transition metal in nature, iron has not hitherto been detected directly in an exoplanet because it is highly refractory. The high temperatures of KELT-9b imply that its atmosphere is a tightly constrained chemical system that is expected to be nearly in chemical equilibrium and cloud-free, and it has been predicted that spectral lines of iron should be detectable in the visible range of wavelengths. Here we report observations of neutral and singly ionized atomic iron (Fe and Fe⁺) and singly ionized atomic titanium (Ti⁺) in the atmosphere of KELT-9b. We identify these species using cross-correlation analysis of high-resolution spectra obtained as the exoplanet passed in front of its host star. Similar detections of metals in other ultrahot Jupiters will provide constraints for planetary formation theories.

266. GIANO-B online data reduction software at the TNG

Author

Navarro, Ramón, Geyl, Roland, Harutyunyan, Avet, Rainer, Monica, Hernandez, Nauzet, Oliva, Ernesto, Guerra, Jose, Lodi, Marcello, San Juan, Jose, Bignamini, Andrea, Ghedina, Adriano, Ghinassi, Francesca, Molinari, Emilio, Benatti, Serena, Carleo, Ilaria, Claudi, Riccardo, Micela, Giuseppina, Tozzi, Andrea, Baffa, Carlo, Baruffolo, Andrea, Biliotti, Valdemaro, Buchschacher, Nicolas, Cecconi, Massimo, Cosentino, Rosario, Falcini, Gilberto, Fantinel, Daniela, Fini, Luca, Galli, Alberto, Giani, Elisabetta, Gonzalez, Carlos, Gonzalez-Alvarez, Esther, Gonzalez, Manuel, Gratton, Raffaele, Hernandez Diaz, Marcos, Iuzzolino, Marcella, Malavolta, Luca, Maldonado, Jesus, Origlia, Livia, Poretti, Ennio, Perez Ventura, Hector, Puglisi, Alfio, Riverol, Carlos, Riverol, Luis, Sanna, Nicoletta, Scuderi, Salvatore, Seeman, Ulf, Sozzetti, Alessandro, and Sozzi, Mauro

Published
2018
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267. Introducing GOFIO: a DRS for the GIANO-B near-infrared spectrograph

Author

Evans, Christopher J., Simard, Luc, Takami, Hideki, Rainer, Monica, Harutyunyan, Avet, Carleo, Ilaria, Oliva, Ernesto, Benatti, Serena, Bignamini, Andrea, Claudi, Riccardo, Gonzalez-Alvarez, Esther, Sanna, Nicoletta, Ghedina, Adriano, Micela, Giuseppina, Molinari, Emilio, Tozzi, Andrea, Baffa, Carlo, Baruffolo, Andrea, Buchschacher, Nicolas, Cecconi, Massimo, Cosentino, Rosario, Falcini, Gilberto, Fantinel, Daniela, Fini, Luca, Galli, Alberto, Ghinassi, Francesca, Giani, Elisabetta, Gonzalez, Carlos, Gonzalez, Manuel, Gratton, Raffaele, Guerra, Jose, Hernandez Diaz, Marcos, Hernandez, Nauzet, Iuzzolino, Marcella, Lodi, Marcello, Malavolta, Luca, Maldonado, Jesus, Origlia, Livia, Perez Ventura, Hector, Puglisi, Alfio, Riverol, Carlos, Riverol, Luis, San Juan, Jose, Scuderi, Salvo, Seeman, Ulf, Sozzetti, Alessandro, and Sozzi, Mauro

Published
2018
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268. AMICA – the infrared eye at Dome C.

Author

Riva, Alberto, Dolci, Mauro, Straniero, Oscar, Zerbi, Filippo Maria, Molinari, Emilio, Conconi, Paolo, De Caprio, Vincenzo, Valentini, Gaetano, Di Rico, Gianluca, Ragni, Maurizio, Pelusi, Danilo, Di Varano, Igor, Giuliani, Croce, Di Cianno, Amico, Valentini, Angelo, Bortoletto, Favio, D'Alessandro, Maurizio, Bonoli, Carlotta, Giro, Enrico, and Fantinel, Daniela

Abstract

Amica (Antarctic Multiband Infrared Camera) is a dual-channel Infrared Imager (2-28μm), that will be located at the Nasmyth focus of the IRAIT telescope at Dome C. Dome C base, on Antarctic plateau offers an unique chance for infrared astronomy. It has several advantages like temperature, pressure and site environment. Temperature, around –60°C (mean) allows a good atmospheric stability (good seeing and good windows transparency) a low atmospheric background and the reduction of instrumental background. Pressure (equivalent of 4000 m a.s.l.), implies low content of water vapors; this means higher transmission, broader and new astronomical windows. The site offers the possibility of very long observations (about 6 months winter night). [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
2006
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271. BATMAN: a DMD-based multi-object spectrograph on Galileo telescope

Author

Ramsay, Suzanne K., McLean, Ian S., Takami, Hideki, Zamkotsian, Frederic, Spano, Paolo, Lanzoni, Patrick, Ramarijaona, Harald, Moschetti, Manuele, Riva, Marco, Bon, William, Nicastro, Luciano, Molinari, Emilio, Cosentino, Rosario, Ghedina, Adriano, Gonzalez, Manuel, Di Marcantonio, Paolo, Coretti, Igor, Cirami, Roberto, Zerbi, Filippo, and Valenziano, Luca

Published
2014
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272. I laboratori divulgativi INAF-OAC: l’astronomia è un gioco da ragazzi!

Author

CASU, Silvia, DEIANA, Gian Luigi, SOLETTA, PAOLO, MILIA, Sabrina, MOLINARI, Emilio Carlo, and BOCCATO, Caterina

Abstract

Da svariati anni il settore Divulgazione e Didattica dell'INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Cagliari dedica particolare attenzione alla progettazione e realizzazione di laboratori divulgativi sull'astronomia. Tali laboratori vengono proposti regolarmente durante eventi speciali presso biblioteche pubbliche, eventi dedicati al grande pubblico, nei festival scientifici e letterari, locali e nazionali. In questo report, primo di una serie, viene presentata la filosofia e lo schema generale adottato per la progettazione dei laboratori proposti dall'INAF-OAC e vengono descritti degli esempi specifici.

Published
2023
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273. Independent Validation of the Temperate Super-Earth HD 79211 b using HARPS-N

Author

Victoria DiTomasso, Chantanelle Nava, Mercedes López-Morales, Allyson Bieryla, Ryan Cloutier, Luca Malavolta, Annelies Mortier, Lars A. Buchhave, Keivan G. Stassun, Alessandro Sozzetti, Aldo Stefano Bonomo, David Charbonneau, Andrew Collier Cameron, Rosario Cosentino, Mario Damasso, Xavier Dumusque, A. F. Martínez Fiorenzano, Adriano Ghedina, Avet Harutyunyan, R. D. Haywood, David Latham, Emilio Molinari, Francesco A. Pepe, Matteo Pinamonti, Ennio Poretti, Ken Rice, Dimitar Sasselov, Manu Stalport, Stéphane Udry, Christopher Watson, Thomas G. Wilson, DiTomasso, Victoria [0000-0003-0741-7661], Nava, Chantanelle [0000-0001-8838-3883], López-Morales, Mercedes [0000-0003-3204-8183], Bieryla, Allyson [0000-0001-6637-5401], Cloutier, Ryan [0000-0001-5383-9393], Malavolta, Luca [0000-0002-6492-2085], Mortier, Annelies [0000-0001-7254-4363], Buchhave, Lars A [0000-0003-1605-5666], Stassun, Keivan G [0000-0002-3481-9052], Sozzetti, Alessandro [0000-0002-7504-365X], Bonomo, Aldo Stefano [0000-0002-6177-198X], Charbonneau, David [0000-0002-9003-484X], Collier Cameron, Andrew [0000-0002-8863-7828], Cosentino, Rosario [0000-0003-1784-1431], Damasso, Mario [0000-0001-9984-4278], Dumusque, Xavier [0000-0002-9332-2011], Martínez Fiorenzano, AF [0000-0002-4272-4272], Ghedina, Adriano [0000-0003-4702-5152], Haywood, RD [0000-0001-9140-3574], Latham, David [0000-0001-9911-7388], Molinari, Emilio [0000-0002-1742-7735], Pinamonti, Matteo [0000-0002-4445-1845], Poretti, Ennio [0000-0003-1200-0473], Rice, Ken [0000-0002-6379-9185], Sasselov, Dimitar [0000-0001-7014-1771], Stalport, Manu [0000-0003-0996-6402], Udry, Stéphane [0000-0001-7576-6236], Watson, Christopher [0000-0002-9718-3266], Wilson, Thomas G [0000-0001-8749-1962], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Science & Technology Facilities Council, University of St Andrews. School of Physics and Astronomy, and University of St Andrews. St Andrews Centre for Exoplanet Science

Subjects
MCC, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Radial velocity, The Solar System, Exoplanets, and Astrobiology, Exoplanets, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 3rd-DAS, 5109 Space Sciences, Astrobiology, M dwarf stars, Binary stars, QC Physics, Rare Diseases, Space and Planetary Science, astro-ph.EP, QB Astronomy, Exoplanet detection methods, Solar System, 51 Physical Sciences, QC, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, QB
Abstract

We present high-precision radial velocities (RVs) from the HARPS-N spectrograph for HD79210 and HD79211, two M0V members of a gravitationally-bound binary system. We detect a planet candidate with a period of $24.421^{+0.016}_{-0.017}$ days around HD79211 in these HARPS-N RVs, validating the planet candidate originally identified in CARMENES RV data alone. Using HARPS-N, CARMENES and HIRES RVs spanning a total of 25 years, we further refine the planet candidate parameters to $P=24.422\pm0.014$ days, $K=3.19\pm0.27$ m/s, $M$ sin $i = 10.6 \pm 1.2 M_\oplus$, and $a = 0.142 \pm0.005$ au. We do not find any additional planet candidate signals in the data of HD79211 nor do we find any planet candidate signals in HD79210. This system adds to the number of exoplanets detected in binaries with M dwarf members, and serves as a case study for planet formation in stellar binaries., Comment: Accepted for publication in AJ, 29 pages, 17 figures

Published
2023
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274. TOI-1695 b: A Water World Orbiting an Early M Dwarf in the Planet Radius Valley

Author

Collin Cherubim, Ryan Cloutier, David Charbonneau, Chris Stockdale, Keivan G. Stassun, Richard P. Schwarz, Boris Safonov, Annelies Mortier, Pablo Lewin, David W. Latham, Keith Horne, Raphaëlle D. Haywood, Erica Gonzales, Maria V. Goliguzova, Karen A. Collins, David R. Ciardi, Allyson Bieryla, Alexandre A. Belinski, Bill Wohler, Christopher A. Watson, Roland Vanderspek, Stéphane Udry, Alessandro Sozzetti, Damien Ségransan, Dimitar Sasselov, George R. Ricker, Ken Rice, Ennio Poretti, Giampaolo Piotto, Francesco Pepe, Emilio Molinari, Giuseppina Micela, Michel Mayor, Christophe Lovis, Mercedes López-Morales, Jon M. Jenkins, Zahra Essack, Xavier Dumusque, John P. Doty, Knicole D. Colón, Andrew Collier Cameron, Lars A. Buchhave, University of St Andrews. School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews. St Andrews Centre for Exoplanet Science, Cherubim, Collin [0000-0002-8466-5469], Cloutier, Ryan [0000-0001-5383-9393], Charbonneau, David [0000-0002-9003-484X], Stockdale, Chris [0000-0003-2163-1437], Stassun, Keivan G [0000-0002-3481-9052], Schwarz, Richard P [0000-0001-8227-1020], Safonov, Boris [0000-0003-1713-3208], Mortier, Annelies [0000-0001-7254-4363], Lewin, Pablo [0000-0003-0828-6368], Latham, David W [0000-0001-9911-7388], Horne, Keith [0000-0003-1728-0304], Haywood, Raphaëlle D [0000-0001-9140-3574], Collins, Karen A [0000-0001-6588-9574], Ciardi, David R [0000-0002-5741-3047], Bieryla, Allyson [0000-0001-6637-5401], Belinski, Alexandre A [0000-0003-3469-0989], Wohler, Bill [0000-0002-5402-9613], Watson, Christopher A [0000-0002-9718-3266], Vanderspek, Roland [0000-0001-6763-6562], Udry, Stéphane [0000-0001-7576-6236], Sozzetti, Alessandro [0000-0002-7504-365X], Ségransan, Damien [0000-0003-2355-8034], Sasselov, Dimitar [0000-0001-7014-1771], Ricker, George R [0000-0003-2058-6662], Rice, Ken [0000-0002-6379-9185], Poretti, Ennio [0000-0003-1200-0473], Piotto, Giampaolo [0000-0002-9937-6387], Molinari, Emilio [0000-0002-1742-7735], Micela, Giuseppina [0000-0002-9900-4751], Mayor, Michel [0000-0002-9352-5935], López-Morales, Mercedes [0000-0003-3204-8183], Jenkins, Jon M [0000-0002-4715-9460], Essack, Zahra [0000-0002-2482-0180], Dumusque, Xavier [0000-0002-9332-2011], Doty, John P [0000-0003-2996-8421], Colón, Knicole D [0000-0001-8020-7121], Cameron, Andrew Collier [0000-0002-8863-7828], Buchhave, Lars A [0000-0003-1605-5666], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), MCC, Space and Planetary Science, The Solar System, Exoplanets, and Astrobiology, FOS: Physical sciences, QB Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 5109 Space Sciences, 3rd-DAS, 51 Physical Sciences, QB, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

Characterizing the bulk compositions of transiting exoplanets within the M dwarf radius valley offers a unique means to establish whether the radius valley emerges from an atmospheric mass loss process or is imprinted by planet formation itself. We present the confirmation of such a planet orbiting an early M dwarf ($T_{\rm mag} = 11.0294 \pm 0.0074, M_s = 0.513 \pm 0.012\ M_\odot, R_s = 0.515 \pm 0.015\ R_\odot, T_{\rm eff} =3690\pm 50 K$): TOI-1695 b ($P = 3.13$ days, $R_p = 1.90^{+0.16}_{-0.14}\ R_\oplus$). TOI-1695 b's radius and orbital period situate the planet between model predictions from thermally-driven mass loss versus gas depleted formation, offering an important test case for radius valley emergence models around early M dwarfs. We confirm the planetary nature of TOI-1695 b based on five sectors of TESS data and a suite of follow-up observations including 49 precise radial velocity measurements taken with the HARPS-N spectrograph. We measure a planetary mass of $6.36 \pm 1.00\ M_\oplus$, which reveals that TOI-1695 b is inconsistent with a purely terrestrial composition of iron and magnesium silicate, and instead is likely a water-rich planet. Our finding that TOI-1695 b is not terrestrial is inconsistent with the planetary system being sculpted by thermally driven mass loss. We present a statistical analysis of seven well-characterized planets within the M dwarf radius valley demonstrating that a thermally-driven mass loss scenario is unlikely to explain this population., 22 pages, 11 figures. Accepted in AJ

Published
2022
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275. K2-79b and K2-222b: Mass Measurements of Two Small Exoplanets with Periods beyond 10 days that Overlap with Periodic Magnetic Activity Signals

Author

Chantanelle Nava, Mercedes López-Morales, Annelies Mortier, Li Zeng, Helen A. C. Giles, Allyson Bieryla, Andrew Vanderburg, Lars A. Buchhave, Ennio Poretti, Steven H. Saar, Xavier Dumusque, David W. Latham, David Charbonneau, Mario Damasso, Aldo S. Bonomo, Christophe Lovis, Andrew Collier Cameron, Jason D. Eastman, Alessandro Sozzetti, Rosario Cosentino, Marco Pedani, Francesco Pepe, Emilio Molinari, Dimitar Sasselov, Michel Mayor, Manu Stalport, Luca Malavolta, Ken Rice, Christopher A. Watson, A. F. Martinez Fiorenzano, Luca Di Fabrizio, Science & Technology Facilities Council, University of St Andrews. School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews. St Andrews Centre for Exoplanet Science, Nava, Chantanelle [0000-0001-8838-3883], López-Morales, Mercedes [0000-0003-3204-8183], Mortier, Annelies [0000-0001-7254-4363], Zeng, Li [0000-0003-1957-6635], Giles, Helen AC [0000-0001-6777-4797], Bieryla, Allyson [0000-0001-6637-5401], Vanderburg, Andrew [0000-0001-7246-5438], Buchhave, Lars A [0000-0003-1605-5666], Poretti, Ennio [0000-0003-1200-0473], Saar, Steven H [0000-0001-7032-8480], Dumusque, Xavier [0000-0002-9332-2011], Latham, David W [0000-0001-9911-7388], Charbonneau, David [0000-0002-9003-484X], Damasso, Mario [0000-0001-9984-4278], Bonomo, Aldo S [0000-0002-6177-198X], Eastman, Jason D [0000-0003-3773-5142], Sozzetti, Alessandro [0000-0002-7504-365X], Pedani, Marco [0000-0002-5752-6260], Molinari, Emilio [0000-0002-1742-7735], Sasselov, Dimitar [0000-0001-7014-1771], Mayor, Michel [0000-0002-9352-5935], Malavolta, Luca [0000-0002-6492-2085], Martinez Fiorenzano, AF [0000-0002-4272-4272], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Nava, C [0000-0001-8838-3883], López-Morales, M [0000-0003-3204-8183], Mortier, A [0000-0001-7254-4363], Zeng, L [0000-0003-1957-6635], Giles, HAC [0000-0001-6777-4797], Bieryla, A [0000-0001-6637-5401], Vanderburg, A [0000-0001-7246-5438], Buchhave, LA [0000-0003-1605-5666], Poretti, E [0000-0003-1200-0473], Saar, SH [0000-0001-7032-8480], Dumusque, X [0000-0002-9332-2011], Latham, DW [0000-0001-9911-7388], Charbonneau, D [0000-0002-9003-484X], Damasso, M [0000-0001-9984-4278], Bonomo, AS [0000-0002-6177-198X], Eastman, JD [0000-0003-3773-5142], Sozzetti, A [0000-0002-7504-365X], Pedani, M [0000-0002-5752-6260], Molinari, E [0000-0002-1742-7735], Sasselov, D [0000-0001-7014-1771], Mayor, M [0000-0002-9352-5935], and Malavolta, L [0000-0002-6492-2085]

Subjects
MCC, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), The Solar System, Exoplanets, and Astrobiology, Exoplanet astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 3rd-DAS, Stellar activity, QC Physics, Space and Planetary Science, astro-ph.EP, QB Astronomy, QC, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, QB
Abstract

We present mass and radius measurements of K2-79b and K2-222b, two transiting exoplanets orbiting active G-type stars. Their respective 10.99d and 15.39d orbital periods fall near periods of signals induced by stellar magnetic activity. The two signals might therefore interfere and lead to an inaccurate estimate of exoplanet mass. We present a method to mitigate these effects when radial velocity and activity indicator observations are available over multiple observing seasons and the orbital period of the exoplanet is known. We perform correlation and periodogram analyses on sub-sets composed of each target's two observing seasons, in addition to the full data sets. For both targets, these analyses reveal an optimal season with little to no interference at the orbital period of the known exoplanet. We make a confident mass detection of each exoplanet by confirming agreement between fits to the full radial velocity set and the optimal season. For K2-79b, we measure a mass of 11.8 $\pm$ 3.6 $M_{Earth}$ and a radius of 4.09 $\pm$ 0.17 $R_{Earth}$. For K2-222b, we measure a mass of 8.0 $\pm$ 1.8 $M_{Earth}$ and a radius of 2.35 $\pm$ 0.08 $R_{Earth}$. According to model predictions, K2-79b is a highly irradiated Uranus-analog and K2-222b hosts significant amounts of water ice. We also present an RV solution for a candidate second companion orbiting K2-222 at 147.5d., Comment: 33 pages, 17 figures, 13 tables

Published
2022
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277. Five carbon- and nitrogen-bearing species in a hot giant planet's atmosphere.

Author

Giacobbe P, Brogi M, Gandhi S, Cubillos PE, Bonomo AS, Sozzetti A, Fossati L, Guilluy G, Carleo I, Rainer M, Harutyunyan A, Borsa F, Pino L, Nascimbeni V, Benatti S, Biazzo K, Bignamini A, Chubb KL, Claudi R, Cosentino R, Covino E, Damasso M, Desidera S, Fiorenzano AFM, Ghedina A, Lanza AF, Leto G, Maggio A, Malavolta L, Maldonado J, Micela G, Molinari E, Pagano I, Pedani M, Piotto G, Poretti E, Scandariato G, Yurchenko SN, Fantinel D, Galli A, Lodi M, Sanna N, and Tozzi A

Abstract

The atmospheres of gaseous giant exoplanets orbiting close to their parent stars (hot Jupiters) have been probed for nearly two decades 1,2 . They allow us to investigate the chemical and physical properties of planetary atmospheres under extreme irradiation conditions 3 . Previous observations of hot Jupiters as they transit in front of their host stars have revealed the frequent presence of water vapour 4 and carbon monoxide 5 in their atmospheres; this has been studied in terms of scaled solar composition 6 under the usual assumption of chemical equilibrium. Both molecules as well as hydrogen cyanide were found in the atmosphere of HD 209458b 5,7,8 , a well studied hot Jupiter (with equilibrium temperature around 1,500 kelvin), whereas ammonia was tentatively detected there 9 and subsequently refuted 10 . Here we report observations of HD 209458b that indicate the presence of water (H 2 O), carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen cyanide (HCN), methane (CH 4 ), ammonia (NH 3 ) and acetylene (C 2 H 2 ), with statistical significance of 5.3 to 9.9 standard deviations per molecule. Atmospheric models in radiative and chemical equilibrium that account for the detected species indicate a carbon-rich chemistry with a carbon-to-oxygen ratio close to or greater than 1, higher than the solar value (0.55). According to existing models relating the atmospheric chemistry to planet formation and migration scenarios 3,11,12 , this would suggest that HD 209458b formed far from its present location and subsequently migrated inwards 11,13 . Other hot Jupiters may also show a richer chemistry than has been previously found, which would bring into question the frequently made assumption that they have solar-like and oxygen-rich compositions.

Published
2021
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