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This manuscript investigates the role of individual team members' breadth of functional experience for their interteam coordination behavior. Integrating personal construct and social identity theories, we examine interpersonal cognitive complexity as a mediating variable and organizational identification as a moderator. We test our hypotheses across two independent field studies, comprising an international peace support training mission (Study 1) and a municipality administration (Study 2). Corroborating our predictions, interpersonal cognitive complexity appeared as a conditional mediating variable that can translate an individual's breadth of functional experience into interteam coordination. The strength and direction of this indirect relationship, however, depended on the individual's identification with the organization as a whole. Moreover, on the team level of analysis, we found members' overall interteam coordination to positively relate with team performance in Study 2. All in all, this paper advances new knowledge on the antecedents, mechanisms, contingency factors, and team-level consequences of members' boundary spanning.

As today's firms increasingly outsource their noncore activities, they not only have to manage their own resources and capabilities, but they are ever more dependent on the resources and capabilities of supplying firms to respond to customer needs. This paper explicitly examines whether and how firms and suppliers, who are both oriented to the same customer market, enable innovativeness in their supply chains and deliver value to their joint customer. We will call this customer of the focal firm the end user. The authors take a resource-dependence perspective to hypothesize how suppliers' end-user orientation and innovativeness influence downstream activities at the focal firm and end-user satisfaction. The resource dependence theory looks typically beyond the boundaries of an individual firm for explaining firm success: firms need to satisfy customer demands to survive and depend on other parties such as their suppliers to achieve customer satisfaction. Accordingly, the research design focuses on three parties along a supply chain: the focal firm, a supplier, and a customer of the focal firm (end user). The results drawn from a survey of 88 matched chains suggest the following. First, customer satisfaction is driven by focal firms' innovativeness. A focal firm's innovativeness depends, on the one hand, on a focal firm's market orientation and, on the other hand, on its suppliers' innovativeness. Second, no relationship could be established between a focal firm's market orientation and a supplier's end-user orientation. Market orientation typically has within-firm effects, while innovativeness has impact beyond the boundaries of the firm. These results suggest that firms create value for their customer through internal market orientation efforts and external suppliers' innovativeness.

We investigated the role of employees’ status appraisals within their work group in relation to their challenging-promotive voice behavior. We argued that fair and respectful treatment of their voice input by the authority figure of the group (i.e., supervisory responsiveness) enhances employees’ self-perceived status, thereby motivating them to engage in subsequent voice behavior. Using a sample of 337 supervisor-subordinate dyads collected in manufacturing industry organizations in China, we found that self-perceived status mediated the relationship between supervisory responsiveness and voice behavior. We further identified employees’ self-efficacy for voice as a moderator in this mediational chain for the path from supervisory responsiveness to self-perceived status. The indirect relationship between supervisory responsiveness and voice behavior through self-perceived status was more pronounced when self-efficacy for voice was higher rather than lower.

Direct forms of individual employee voice are potentially important yet underexplored antecedents of work engagement. Based largely in job demands-resources theorizing, we develop a conceptual multi-level framework that explores how individual employee perceptions of voice practices affect their level of work engagement. We argue that the extent to which voice practices might converge as 'best practice' to create work engagement is influenced by factors at three levels: macro-level national culture (the degree of power distance), meso-level organizational climate (the extent of empowering leadership and participation), and micro-level relationship quality between employee and supervisor (leader-member exchange). Positioning this framework in the human resource management convergence/divergence debate, we develop propositions for future research linking direct employee voice and work engagement. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Buying firms must pay increased attention to supply chain sustainability issues, as stakeholders might hold them responsible for non-sustainable supply chain activities. Frequently, sustainability problems occur upstream at the sub-supplier level. Building on the literature on multi-tier supply chains (MSCs), we investigated the sustainability management strategies of buying firms in the food, apparel, packaging, and consumer electronics with regard to second-tier suppliers and beyond. In particular, we analyzed seven cases of global MSCs and found four different characteristic MSC types-open, closed, third party, and "don't bother". We identified three main factors-supply chain complexity, the sustainability management capabilities of the first-tier supplier, and the type of sustainability in focus (i.e., environmental or social sustainability)-that determine when and how buying firms actually extend their sustainability strategies to their sub-suppliers.

Public sector organizations, ministries, departments and local government agencies are adopting e-government as a means to provide efficient and quality service delivery to citizens. The purpose of this research paper is to examine the extent to which perceived usefulness (PU) of e-government services moderates between perceived ease-of-use (PEOU) of e-government services and intention to use (IU) e-government services in Ghana. A structured research questionnaire instrument was developed and administered to 700 potential respondents in Ghana, of which 693 responded, representing 99% of the questionnaires distributed. The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) was used as the theoretical framework for the study. The Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) was used to capture and analyze the data. The results indicate that even though predictors such as PU and PEOU are main determiners of citizens' intention to adopt and use e-government services in Ghana, it failed to show that PEOU and IU e-government services in Ghana is significantly moderated by the PU of e-government services. The implication of this finding on theory and practice is further discussed., {"references":["Mensah, I. K. (2016). 'Overview of E-government Adoption and Implementation in Ghana'. World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Science Index 109, International Journal of Social, Behavioral, Educational, Economic, Business and Industrial Engineering, 10(1), 61 - 72.","Homburg VM. F (2004). New Public Management and E-Government: Trajectories of a Marriage between Managerial and Technological Reform in Government. Innovations through Information Technology, pp. 664-667.","Carter, L., Belanger, F., 2004. The influence of perceived characteristics of innovating on E-Government adoption. Electron. J. E-Government 2 (1), 11–20.","Anthopoulos, L.G., Siozos, P., & Tsoukalas, I.A. (2007). Applying participatory design and collaboration in digital public services for discovering and re-designing e-government services. Government Information Quarterly, 24(2), 353–376.","Venkatesh, V., Sykes, T.A., & Venkatraman, S. (2014). Understanding e-government portal use in rural India: Role of demographic and personality characteristics. Information Systems Journal, 24(3), 249–269.","Jaeger, P.T. (2003). The endless wire: E-government as global phenomenon. Government Information Quarterly, 20(4), 323–331.","Hussein, R., Mohamed, N., Ahlan, A.R., Mahmud, M., Aditiawarman, U., 2010. An integrated model on online tax adoption in Malaysia. In: European, Mediterranean & Middle Eastern Conference on Information Systems, April 12–13 2010, Abu Dhabi, UAE.","Chatfield, A. T., & Alanazi, J. M. (2015). Collaborative governance matters to egovernment interoperability: An analysis of citizen-centric integrated interoperable e-government implementation in Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Public Administration in the Digital Age (IJPADA), 2(3), 24–44.","Chen, J. V., Jubilado, R. J. M., Capistrano, E. P. S., & Yen, D. C. (2015). Factors affecting online tax filing – An application of the IS Success Model and trust theory. Computers in Human Behavior, 43, 251–262.\n[10]\tBelanger, F., & Carter, L. (2008). Trust and risk in e-government adoption. Journal of Strategic Information Systems, 17(2), 165–176.\n[11]\tGupta, B., Dasgupta, S., & Gupta, A. (2008). Adoption of ICT in a government organization in a developing country: An empirical study. Journal of Strategic Information Systems, 17(2), 140–154.\n[12]\tRana, N. P., & Dwivedi, Y. K. (2015). Citizen's adoption of an e-government system: Validating extended social cognitive theory (SCT). Government Information Quarterly, 32(2), 172–181.\n[13]\tCarter, L., & Bélanger, F. (2005). The utilization of e-government services: Citizen Trust, innovation and acceptance factors. Information Systems Journal, 15(1), 5–25.\n[14]\tOne-Stop-Service Center (OSSC) http://ossc.gov.gh/ Retrieved online on 7th September 2016.\n[15]\tServices Portal of the Government of Ghana. http://www.eservices.gov.g/SitePages/Portal-Home.aspx Retrieved online on 7th September, 2016.\n[16]\tE-Payments Portal of the Government of Ghana. https://www.epay.gov.gh/the-portal.html Retrieved online on 7th September 2016.\n[17]\tDavis, F. (1989). Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology. MIS Quarterly, 13(3), 319–340\n[18]\tFishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (1975). Belief, attitude, intentions and behavior: An introduction to theory and research. Boston: Addison-Wesley.\n[19]\tAjzen, I. (1985). From intentions to actions: A theory of planned behavior. In J. Kuhl & J. Beckman (Eds.), Action-control: From cognition to behavior (pp. 11–39).Heidelberg, Germany: Springer.\n[20]\tRogers, E. M. (1995). Diffusion of innovations (4th ed.). New York: Free Press.\n[21]\tVenkatesh, V., Morris, M., Davis, G., & Davis, F. (2003). User acceptance of information technology: Toward a unified view. MIS Quarterly, 27(3), 425–478.\n[22]\tVenkatesh, V., & Davis, F. (2000). A theoretical extension of the technology adoption model: Four longitudinal field studies. Management Science, 46, 186–204.\n[23]\tChen, C., Fan, Y., & Farn, C. (2007). Investigating factors affecting the adoption of electronic toll collection: A transaction cost economics perspective. In: Proceedings of the 40th annual Hawaii international conference on system sciences, HICSS 2007 (pp. 107–116), Hilton Waikoloa Village Resort, Waikoloa, Big Island, Hawaii, 3–6 January 2007\n[24]\tS.-Y. Hung et al. (2013). User acceptance of mobile e-government services: An empirical study. Government Information Quarterly 30, 33–44.\n[25]\tO.K. Lean et al. (2009). Factors influencing intention to use e-government services among citizens in Malaysia International Journal of Information Management 458–475.\n[26]\tAl-Hujra, O, Al-dalahmeh,M and Aloudat, A. (2011).\"The Role of National Culture on Citizen Adoption of eGovernment Services: An Empirical Study\" Electronic Journal of e-Government Volume 9 Issue 2 2011, (pp93 - 106), available online at www.ejeg.com Accessed online on 7th September, 2016.\n[27]\tSoud almahamid, arthur . mcadams, taher al kalaldeh, mo'taz al-sa'eed (2010). The relationship between perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, perceived information quality, and intention to use e-government. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology. Pp. 30-44.\n[28]\tNebal Q. Al-Jamal, Emad A. Abu-Shanab (2015). E-Government Adoption in Jordan: The Influence of Age. ICIT 2015 The 7th International Conference on Information Technology doi:10.15849/icit.2015.0067 © ICIT 2015 (http://icit.zuj.edu.jo/ICIT15) Accesed online on 7th September, 2016.\n[29]\tAhmad & Campbell (2015). Citizen Perceptions of E-Government in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. Australasian Journal of Information Systems. 2015, vol. 19, Research on Indigenous ICT.\n[30]\tAhmad A. Rabaai, Bashar Zogheib, Abdullah Al Shatti, Enas M AlJamal, (2010). Adoption of e-government in developing countries: the case of the state of Kuwait. Journal of Global Research in Computer Science, 6(10), October 2015\n[31]\tMohammad Alomari Peter Woods Kuldeep Sandhu, (2012),\"Predictors for e-government adoption in Jordan\", Information Technology & People, Vol. 25 Iss 2 pp. 207 – 234.\n[32]\tMariam Rehman Vatcharaporn Esichaikul Muhammad Kamal, (2012),\"Factors influencing e-government adoption in Pakistan\", Transforming Government: People, Process and Policy, Vol. 6 Iss 3 pp. 258 – 282.\n[33]\tBland J, Altman D. Statistics notes: Cronbach's alpha. BMJ. 1997; 314:275.\n[34]\tDe Vellis R. Scale development: theory and applications: theory and application. Thousand Okas, CA: Sage; 2003.\n[35]\tChang Boon Patrick Lee, U Lan Edith Lei (2010). Adoption of E-Government Services in Macao. ICEGOV '07 Proceedings of the 1st international conference on Theory and practice of electronic governance Pages 217-220."]}

Objective: Research on intergroup contact and prejudice reduction has dedicated little attention to relations between minority groups. We examined whether interminority extended contact, that is, the knowledge that a member of the minority ingroup has a friend from the minority outgroup, is associated with positive outgroup attitudes. Affective (outgroup empathy and outgroup trust) and cognitive (ingroup norm) mediators were considered. Method: Two correlational studies were conducted. Study 1 (N = 640, 50% female, mean age = 44 years) was conducted in Bulgaria among the Bulgarian Turkish and Roma ethnic minorities, while Study 2 (N = 458, 67% female, mean age = 44 years) was conducted in Finland among Estonian and Russian immigrants. Results: Path analyses showed that, over and above the effects of direct contact between the minority groups, interminority extended contact was associated with positive outgroup attitudes in both intergroup settings. These effects occurred through empathy (Study 1), trust, and ingroup norms (Study 2). Conclusion: The 2 studies highlight interminority extended contact as a means to promote harmonious interminority relationships and suggest the implementation of interventions based on extended contact to reduce interminority prejudice and to foster solidarity among minorities.

The aim of this thesis is to investigate the roles of financial development and foreign direct investments on conventional environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) for the case of Turkey. To this aim, thesis divided into two sections. In the first section, moderating role of financial development in conventional EKC is investigated by employing second-generation econometric procedures that consider multiple structural breaks in the series. First section includes two separate models for this purpose: (1) the main effects model and (2) the interaction effects model. The results of this investigation suggest a long-term equilibrium relationship between financial development and the EKC in Turkey, using both model options. Financial development has been found to moderate the effect of real output on carbon dioxide emissions in the shorter periods negatively, which signifies successful environmental performance and energy management. In comparison, financial development moderates the effect of real output on carbon dioxide emissions in the longer periods positively, and in which this finding again signifies that policies for energy savings and green house targets need to be established to target longer periods and energy management policies at higher levels of economic activity. The present thesis did not confirm a significant moderating effect of financial development on the impact of energy consumption on carbon dioxide emissions in the case of Turkey. In the second section, the relevance of the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis is investigated in Turkey for the period 1974–2010 using carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, energy consumption, economic growth, and foreign direct investment (FDI) variables. The long-run equilibrium relationship among CO2 emissions, energy consumption, economic growth, and FDI is revealed using the bounds test. The error correction model under autoregressive-distributed lag mechanism suggests that CO2 emissions converge to their long-run equilibrium level by a 49.2% speed of adjustment every year by the contribution of energy consumption, economic growth, and FDI. The Toda–Yamamoto (1995) causality test results imply that carbon emissions and FDI, energy consumption, and CO2 emissions have bidirectional causal relationships. On the other hand, there are unidirectional causal relationships running from economic growth and energy consumption to FDI and from economic growth to energy consumption. Findings of this thesis provide evidence of the validity of the pollution haven hypothesis, in addition to the scale effect, and the EKC in the case of Turkey. Keywords: Air pollution, financial development, foreign direct investments, moderating role, causality. ÖZ: Bu tezin amacı Türkiye'de finansal gelişim ve yabancı doğrudan yatırımların geleneksel çevresel Kuznets eğrisi üzerindeki etkisini incelemektir. Bu amaçla tez, iki bölümden oluşmaktadır. Birinci bölümde, finansal gelişimin çevresel Kuznets eğrisi üzerindeki aracı rolü, ikinci nesil yapısal kırılmalı ekonometrik metodlar uygulanarak incelenmektedir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda birinci bölümde ana etkiler modeli ve aracı etkiler modeli olmak üzere iki ayrı model uygulanmıştır. Analizler sonucunda Türkiye'de finansal gelişim ve çevresel Kuznets eğrisi arasında uzun dönem denge ilişkisi bulunmuştur. Kısa dönemlerde finansal gelişimin gelir düzeyi üzerinden karbon emisyonlarına aracı etkisi negatiftir. Bu da kısa dönemlerde Türkiye'nin çevresel performans ve enerji yönetiminin başarılı olduğunu göstermektedir. Bunun karşılığında uzun dönemlerde, finansal gelişimin gelir düzeyi üzerinden karbon emisyonlarına aracı etkisi pozitiftir. Bu da enerji yönetim politikalarının daha uzun dönemler için de planlanması gerektiğini göstermektedir. Bunun yanında finansal gelişimin enerji tüketimi üzerinden karbon emisyonlarına istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir aracı etkisi olmadığı gözlemlenmiştir. İkinci bölümde, Türkiye'de 1974-2010 yılları arasında yabancı doğrudan yatırımların tetiklediği çevresel Kuznets eğrisinin varlığı, karbon emisyonları, enerji tüketimi, ekonomik gelişim ve yabancı doğrudan yatırımlar kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Karbon emisyonları, enerji tüketimi, ekonomik gelişim ve yabancı doğrudan yatırımlar arasında uzun dönemli denge ilişkisi bounds yöntemi ile kanıtlanmıştır. ARDL mekanizması altında uygulanan hata düzeltme modeli, karbon emisyonlarının uzun dönemli denge seviyesine, enerji tüketimi, ekonomik gelişim ve yabancı doğrudan yatırımların yıllık katkısıyla % 49.2 hızla ulaştığını göstermektedir. Toda-Yamamoto nedensellik testi sonuçları karbon emisyonları ile yabancı doğrudan yatırımlar ve enerji tüketimi arasında çift yönlü nedensellik ilişkisi olduğunu göstermektedir. Diğer yandan, ekonomik gelişim ve enerji tüketiminden yabancı doğrudan yatırımlara ve ekonomik gelişimden enerji tüketimine doğru tek yönlü nedensellik ilişkisi olduğu saptanmıştır. Bu tezin sonuçları, Türkiye'de kirlilik cenneti hipotezinin, ölçek etkisinin ve çevresel Kuznets eğrisinin varlığını kanıtlamaktadır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Hava kirliliği, finansal gelişim, yabancı doğrudan yatırımlar, aracı etkisi, nedensellik. Doctor of Philosophy in Finance. Thesis (Ph.D.)--Eastern Mediterranean University, Faculty of Business and Economics, Dept. of Banking and Finance, 2016. Co-Supervisor: Assist. Prof. Dr. Korhan Gökmenoğlu, Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Salih Katırcıoğlu.

Purpose Chinese firms were operating within a closed economic environment before the “opening up” in the late 1970s, but it has only been in the late 1990s that China has recognized the importance of innovation. The Chinese government has attempted to rectify this liability by providing funding to assist Chinese firms in developing innovation capability by increasing R&D collaborations and employing external experts. The purpose of this paper is to study the innovation of Chinese firms by examining how internal and external resources interactively impact the innovation capability. Design/methodology/approach Panel data collected from Chinese manufacturers are used to test the hypothesized relationships. Findings The results have shown that the interplay between internal and external resources exhibits differential patterns of impact on innovation capability. The authors discover different moderating patterns of the two types of external resources: visiting experts are helpful in enhancing the effects of internal human resources, while R&D collaborations are useful in exploiting internal financial and physical resources, even when the main effect of financial resources on innovation capability is not significant. Originality/value The study contributes to the literature by providing empirical evidences on the roles of absorbed external resources and knowledge to catalyze internal resources in building up innovation capability in an emerging economy.

Recently, microfinance has been coming under public and media attacks. The microcredit crisis following from microfinance-induced suicides in 2010 in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh indicates that weak corporate governance and imprudent risk taking have far-reaching consequences. Yet, analyses of corporate governance mechanisms among microfinance institutions (MFIs) remain underdeveloped. As a response, this study examines the impact of CEO power on MFI risk taking by deriving explicit predictions of this effect from a characterization of the microfinance industry. Based on a sample of 280 microfinance institutions, our results suggest that powerful CEOs of microfinance non-governmental organizations (NGOs) have more decision-making freedom than powerful CEOs of other types of MFIs. This induces them to make more extreme decisions that increase risk. Furthermore, the decision-making freedom powerful CEOs have in NGOs appears to lead to worse decisions, because the presence of powerful CEOs in microfinance NGOs is associated with lower performance.

Online retailers significantly benefit when consumers use interactive decision aids (IDAs). In this study, we investigate how to best design messages that promote IDA use. Using an extended message framing perspective, we propose that messages about consumers' traditional action (searching) increase usage intentions more than messages about the new action (IDA use). Results from two experiments confirm that this holds across both high and low involvement categories and in particular when the traditional action frame is combined with a loss outcome. We also demonstrate that familiarity with the message's focal action mediates this effect.

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of network strength, transaction‐specific investments and inter‐personal trust on business relationship satisfaction for small‐and‐medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) involved in agri‐food processing and exporting in China.Design/methodology/approachSurvey data collected from 80 agri‐food SMEs in Jiangsu Province were used for empirical testing. The authors applied an ordered logit regression approach for model estimation.FindingsThe results demonstrate that strong guanxi networks, high level of transaction‐specific investments and inter‐personal trust significantly contribute to a high level of relationship satisfaction for agri‐food SMEs in China. In addition, inter‐personal trust shows a moderating effect on the relationship between transaction‐specific investments and relationship satisfaction.Practical implicationsBusiness relationships play a critical role in the modern market environment. Relational arrangements (based on guanxi and inter‐personal trust) should be further enhanced in order to yield satisfied business relationships for SMEs in China.Originality/valueThe paper extends our understanding of relationship (guanxi) marketing, as well as marketing practices for agri‐food SMEs in China.

Two attitude dichotomies – implicit versus explicit and affect versus cognition – are presumed to be related. Following a manipulation of attitudinal focus (affective or cognitive), participants completed two implicit measures (Implicit Association Test and the Sorting Paired Features task) and three explicit attitude measures toward cats/dogs (Study 1) and gay/straight people (Study 2). Based on confirmatory factor analysis, both studies showed that explicit attitudes were more related to implicit attitudes in an affective focus than in a cognitive focus. We suggest that, although explicit evaluations can be meaningfully parsed into affective and cognitive components, implicit evaluations are more related to affective than cognitive components of attitudes.

The present research investigated the relationship between leader self-definition processes and leader self-serving behaviors. We hypothesized that self-definition as a leader interacts with social reference information (descriptive and injunctive) in predicting leader self-serving actions Six studies (i.e.. two laboratory experiments, two scenario experiments, and two cross-sectional surveys) showed that self-definition as a leader affected the extent to which leader resource self-allocations were informed by descriptive information (i.e. other leaders' self-allocations) and injunctive information (i.e., effective leadership beliefs). Leaders self-defining more strongly as leaders relied more on other leaders' self-allocations and on effective leadership beliefs when allocating resources to the self than those self-defining less strongly as leaders. The data suggest that leaders are more likely to use social reference information when their self-definition is deeply embedded in those references. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved

In this research we investigated the role played by leader power in determining leader self-serving behavior. Based on an integration of insights from research on the determinants of leader behavior and the power-approach theory, we hypothesized that with higher leader power leader self-serving behavior is determined more by internal states like effective leadership beliefs and less by external cues like performance information. We found support for this prediction across two experiments and one organizational survey assessing leader behavior along a self-serving-group-serving continuum. Overall, these results suggest that whether leaders benefit the collective or act self-servingly is not a function of their power per se but rather that leader power determines the extent to which internal belief states or external cues influence leader self-versus group-serving behavior. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Previous research indicated that leader moral identity (i.e., leaders’ self-definition in terms of moral attributes) predicts to what extent followers perceive their leader as ethical (i.e., demonstrating and promoting ethical conduct in the organization). Leadership, however, is a relational process that involves leaders and followers. Building on this understanding, we hypothesized that follower and leader moral identity (a) interact in predicting whether followers will perceive their leaders as ethical and, as a result, (b) influence followers’ perceptions of leader–follower relationship quality. A dyadic field study (N = 101) shows that leader moral identity is a stronger predictor of followers’ perceptions of ethical leadership for followers who are high (vs. low) in moral identity. Perceptions of ethical leadership in turn predict how the quality of the relationship will be perceived. Hence, whether leader moral identity translates to perceptions of ethical leadership and of better relationship quality depends on the moral identity of followers.

Two relatively independent research traditions have developed that address emotion management. The first is the emotion regulation (ER) tradition, which focuses on the processes which permit individuals to influence which emotions they have, when they have them, and how they experience and express these emotions. The second is the emotional intelligence (EI) tradition, which focuses – among other things - on individual differences in ER. To integrate these two traditions, we employed the process model of ER (Gross, 1998) to review the literature on EI. Two key findings emerged. First, high EI individuals shape their emotions from the earliest possible point in the emotion trajectory and have many strategies at their disposal. Second, high EI individuals regulate their emotions successfully when necessary but they do so flexibly, thereby leaving room for emotions to emerge. We argue that ER and EI traditions stand to benefit substantially from greater integration.

Knowledge, or intellectual capital, and innovation continue to be key areas subject to rapid change in the current environment. The complexity of the relationship between knowledge and innovation leads to the in-depth study of more specific linkages. Intellectual capital is divided into human, organisational and social capital. This paper attempts to provide empirical evidence relating to the relationship between human capital and radical innovation, along with social networks. Using data collected via a questionnaire, our hypotheses were tested empirically in a sample of 251 Spanish technology-intensive manufacturing firms. The paper provides new, empirically-based insights into the study of radical innovation by adopting a research framework which is built upon the intellectual capital-based view of 2 M. Delgado-Verde et al. the firm, based on the multidimensionality of human capital. The main results show the positive and statistically significant role of human assets in radical innovation, and, regarding a moderating role, indicate the existence of a substitution effect between one of the human capital components – experience and abilities – and social networks.

This research thesis investigates the effects of hospitality behavior of bank personnel on customer satisfaction in the case of banks operating in Turkey. The moderating role of servicescape on the effects of bank hospitality on customer satisfaction is also investigated. A total of 150 bank customers from different cities of Turkey were surveyed through a semi-structured questionnaire instrument with this respect. Results reveal that Turkish citizens are moderately satisfied with the hospitality behaviour of bank personnel and servicescape environment in the banks of Turkey. Regression analyses confirm the hypothesis that bank hospitality exerts positively have significant effect on customer satisfaction; however, the hypothesis “servicescape in the banks moderates interaction between bank hospitality and customer satisfaction” cannot be confirmed. Therefore, this study suggests that banks in Turkey need to rely on the training programs to improve their hospitality behaviour at further levels and invest more on servicescape in their banks. Keywords: Hospitality; Servicescape; Customer Satisfaction; Moderating Role; Turkey. ÖZ; Bu araştırma tezi Türkiye'de faaliyet gösteren bankalardaki müşteri memnuniyetinde banka personelinin misafirperver tutumunun etkilerini incelemektedir. Müşteri memnuniyetinde banka misafirperverliğinin etkisindeki hizmet ortamının ılımlı rolü de incelenmiştir.Bu bağlamda Türkiye'nin farklı şehirlerinden toplam 150 banka müşterisi yarı yapılı anket vasıtasıyla araştırmaya dahil edilmiştir.Sonuçlar açıklamaktadır ki, Türkiye'deki banka müşterileri banka çalışanlarının misafirperver tutumundan ve hizmet ortamı çerçevesindeki banka ortamından orta derecede memnun olmaktadır. Regresyon analizi de banka misafirperverliğinin müşteri memnuniyetine ciddi bir pozitif etki yaratmaktadır, ancak "hizmet ortamının banka misafirperverliği ve müşteri memnuniyeti arasındaki ilişkiyi hafiflettiği" hipotezini doğrulamaktadır. Bu yüzden Türkiye'deki bankalar müşteri memnuniyetini yukarı seviyelere çıkaracak eğitimlere eğilmeli ve bankalarındaki hizmet ortamı anlayışına daha çok yatırım yapmalıdırlar. Anahtar Kelime: Misafirperverlik; Hizmet Ortamı; Müşteri Memnuniyeti; Ilımlı rol; Türkiye Master of Science in Banking and Finance. Thesis (M.S.)--Eastern Mediterranean University, Faculty of Business and Economics, Dept. of Banking and Finance, 2015. Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Salih Katırcıoğlu.

The present paper examines how someone's use of stereotypes can exert influence over others’ judgments. In the 2 studies reported here, participants were presented with messages containing information provided by a source. In Study 1, the source was an in-group member. The messages were manipulated in a between-subjects design so that participants were either given stereotypical or counterstereotypical information. After being given a hint regarding the source's estimate, participants were asked to provide their own estimates about a number of points displayed on a computer screen. Results indicate that participants tended to use as an anchor the estimate provided by the source that made use of stereotypes. In Study 2, an out-group member provided participants with information that was either stereotypical or neutral. Again, results indicate that participants were influenced by the source making use of stereotypes.

The present study examined to what extent selection and influence processes for physical aggression and prosociality in friendship networks differed between sex-specific contexts (i.e., all-male, all-female, and mixed-sex classrooms), while controlling for perceived popularity. Whereas selection processes reflect how behaviors shape friendships, influence processes reveal the reversed pattern by indicating how friends affect individual behaviors. Data were derived from a longitudinal sample of early adolescents from Chile. Four all-male classrooms (n = 150 male adolescents), four all-female classrooms (n = 190 female adolescents), and eight mixed-sex classrooms (n = 272 students) were followed one year from grades 5 to 6 (M age = 13). Analyses were conducted by means of stochastic-actor-based modeling as implemented in RSIENA. Although it was expected that selection and influence effects for physical aggression and prosociality would vary by context, these effects showed remarkably similar trends across all-male, all-female, and mixed-sex classrooms, with physical aggression reducing and with prosociality increasing the number of nominations received as best friend in all-male and particularly all-female classrooms. Further, perceived popularity increased the number of friendship nominations received in all contexts. Influence processes were only found for perceived popularity, but not for physical aggression and prosociality in any of the three contexts. Together, these findings highlight the importance of both behaviors for friendship selection independent of sex-specific contexts, attenuating the implications of these gendered behaviors for peer relations. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s11199-017-0818-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Is self-disclosure of negative information a viable strategy for a company to lessen the damage done to consumer responses? Three experiments assessed whether self-disclosing negative information in itself lessened the damaging impact of this information compared to third-party disclosure of the same information. Results indicated that mere self-disclosure of a negative event positively affected consumers' choice behavior, perceived company trustworthiness, and company evaluations compared to third-party disclosure. The effectiveness of the self-disclosure strategy was moderated by the initial reputation of a company, such that its impact was only observed for companies that had a poor reputation at the outset. For them, self-disclosure considerably lessened the impact of negative information compared to third-party disclosure. For companies that enjoyed a positive reputation, type of disclosure did not affect consumer responses. Mediation analysis showed that perceptions of company trustworthiness underlie the effects of the self-disclosure strategy on consumer judgment.

Is self-disclosure of negative information a viable strategy for a company to lessen the damage done to consumer responses? Three experiments assessed whether self-disclosing negative information in itself lessened the damaging impact of this information compared to third-party disclosure of the same information. Results indicated that mere self-disclosure of a negative event positively affected consumers' choice behavior, perceived company trustworthiness, and company evaluations compared to third-party disclosure. The effectiveness of the self-disclosure strategy was moderated by the initial reputation of a company, such that its impact was only observed for companies that had a poor reputation at the outset. For them, self-disclosure considerably lessened the impact of negative information compared to third-party disclosure. For companies that enjoyed a positive reputation, type of disclosure did not affect consumer responses. Mediation analysis showed that perceptions of company trustworthiness underlie the effects of the self-disclosure strategy on consumer judgment.

In this research, we examined the role of mindfulness for recovery from work using a daily diary design (N = 121; 5 days; 3 measurement occasions per day). The first goal of the study was to investigate the relationship of mindfulness with sleep quality and the mediating role of psychological detachment from a day-level perspective. A second goal was to extend the process perspective in recovery research beyond the day level and consider systematic change trajectories in recovery variables over the course of the work week and the role of mindfulness in these trajectories. Results regarding day-level relationships confirmed that mindfulness experienced during work was related to subsequent sleep quality, and this relationship was mediated by psychological detachment from work in the evening. Furthermore, an investigation of the role of mindfulness in recovery change trajectories supported the idea that psychological detachment trajectories increase over the work week for individuals low on mindfulness while there was no systematic mean-level change for individuals high on mindfulness. In contrast, sleep quality followed a linear increase from Monday to Friday for all individuals, irrespective of their levels of trait mindfulness. Practical and theoretical implications for the mindfulness and the recovery literature are discussed in conclusion. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2014 APA, all rights reserved).

Drawing on a growing stream of empirical findings that runs across different psychological domains, we demonstrated that systematic reflection stands out as a prominent tool for learning from experience. For decades, failed experiences have been considered the most powerful learning sources. Despite the theoretical and practical relevance, few researchers have investigated whether people can also learn from their successes. We showed that through systematic reflection, people can learn from both their successes and their failures. Studies have further shown that the effectiveness of systematic reflection depends on situational (e.g., reflection focus) and person-based (e.g., conscientiousness) factors. Given today’s unrelenting pace and the abundance of activities in which people are involved, future researchers may want to investigate how to effectively integrate systematic reflection within the busy daily environment of the learner.

The authors examine consumers' visual attention during repeated exposures to print advertisements using eye-tracking methodology. The authors propose a statistical model comprising submodels for two key measures of visual attention to elements of the advertisement: attention duration and inter- and intraelement saccades. These measures are vital to understanding attention wear-out and the impact of repetition on advertising effectiveness but have not been considered in previous research. The results of two studies show that (1) attention duration decreases significantly across advertising repetitions and (2) attentional scanpaths, as measured through saccades, remain constant across advertising repetitions and across experimentally induced and naturally occurring conditions. Scanpaths obey a stationary, reversible, first-order Markov process. The authors offer implications for attention theory and advertising processing.

Mimeo , 2008

As today's firms increasingly outsource their noncore activities, they not only have to manage their own resources and capabilities, but they are ever more dependent on the resources and capabilities of supplying firms to respond to customer needs. This paper explicitly examines whether and how firms and suppliers, who are both oriented to the same customer market, enable innovativeness in their supply chains and deliver value to their joint customer. We will call this customer of the focal firm the end user. The authors take a resource-dependence perspective to hypothesize how suppliers' end-user orientation and innovativeness influence downstream activities at the focal firm and end-user satisfaction. The resource dependence theory looks typically beyond the boundaries of an individual firm for explaining firm success: firms need to satisfy customer demands to survive and depend on other parties such as their suppliers to achieve customer satisfaction. Accordingly, the research design focuses on three parties along a supply chain: the focal firm, a supplier, and a customer of the focal firm (end user). The results drawn from a survey of 88 matched chains suggest the following. First, customer satisfaction is driven by focal firms' innovativeness. A focal firm's innovativeness depends, on the one hand, on a focal firm's market orientation and, on the other hand, on its suppliers' innovativeness. Second, no relationship could be established between a focal firm's market orientation and a supplier's end-user orientation. Market orientation typically has within-firm effects, while innovativeness has impact beyond the boundaries of the firm. These results suggest that firms create value for their customer through internal market orientation efforts and external suppliers' innovativeness.

The increasing demands that schools are confronted with recently, require teachers' commitment and contribution to school goals, regardless of formal job requirements. This study examines the influence of teachers' work context, in terms of autonomy and leader–membership exchange (LMX), on the relationship between their work engagement and organizational citizenship behaviours (OCBs). A distinction is made between OCBI, targeted at benefits for the individual, and OCBO, targeted at benefits for the organization. Survey data from six Dutch schools for secondary education (n = 211), showed that autonomy and LMX both weakened the relationships between work engagement and OCBI and OCBO respectively.

Using eye-tracking data, we examine the impact of motivation and repetition on visual attention to advertisements differing in argument quality. Our analyses indicate that repetition leads to an overall decrease in the amount of attention. However, while at first high motivation subjects attend to the ad for a longer time than low motivation subjects, this effect of motivation disappears after two exposures. More specifically, our results suggest that the second exposure counts most. In contrast, the order in which the ad elements am attended to is unaffected by repetition and motivation. Yet, the number of ad elements that are skipped becomes larger as the number of exposures increases. Implications of our results for theories of advertising repetition are formulated.

Recently, microfinance has been coming under public and media attacks. The microcredit crisis following from microfinance-induced suicides in 2010 in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh indicates that weak corporate governance and imprudent risk taking have far-reaching consequences. Yet, analyses of corporate governance mechanisms among microfinance institutions (MFIs) remain underdeveloped. As a response, this study examines the impact of CEO power on MFI risk taking by deriving explicit predictions of this effect from a characterization of the microfinance industry. Based on a sample of 280 microfinance institutions, our results suggest that powerful CEOs of microfinance non-governmental organizations (NGOs) have more decision-making freedom than powerful CEOs of other types of MFIs. This induces them to make more extreme decisions that increase risk. Furthermore, the decision-making freedom powerful CEOs have in NGOs appears to lead to worse decisions, because the presence of powerful CEOs in microfinance NGOs is associated with lower performance.

Authors version of an article published in Journal of Management Studies. The definitive version is available from Wiley at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6486.2012.01046.x Recently, microfinance has been coming under public and media attacks. The microcredit crisis following from microfinance-induced suicides in 2010 in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh indicates that weak corporate governance and imprudent risk taking have far-reaching consequences. Yet, analyses of corporate governance mechanisms among microfinance institutions (MFIs) remain underdeveloped. As a response, this study examines the impact of CEO power on MFI risk taking by deriving explicit predictions of this effect from a characterization of the microfinance industry. Based on a sample of 280 microfinance institutions, our results suggest that powerful CEOs of microfinance non-governmental organizations (NGOs) have more decision-making freedom than powerful CEOs of other types of MFIs. This induces them to make more extreme decisions that increase risk. Furthermore, the decision-making freedom powerful CEOs have in NGOs appears to lead to worse decisions, because the presence of powerful CEOs in microfinance NGOs is associated with lower performance.

PurposeDrawing from the job characteristics model and the job demands‐resources model, this study aims to examine the associations of resources (i.e. feedback, autonomy, and variety) with intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, and employability.Design/methodology/approachHypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling on data from 611 employees of a Dutch municipality.FindingsConsistent with the hypotheses, the authors' results indicated that resources are related to both intrinsic and extrinsic motivation and that the association between resources and employability was mediated by extrinsic motivation but not by intrinsic motivation.Research limitations/implicationsThe authors use a one‐dimensional measure of perceived employability and do not make a distinction between internal and external employability and other dimensions of employability. The authors feel that distinguishing between internal employability and external employability will contribute to understanding if internal and external opportunities relate differently to perceptions of employability with the same organization and with a different organization.Originality/valueJob resources are important for improvement of both intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, but the route from job resources to employability is via extrinsic job opportunities and not via intrinsic job opportunities. That is, the perception of performance outcome goals by employees is important for the association between job resources and employability. The paper shows that, without denying the value of intrinsic motivation, it is important for management to emphasize the instrumental value of resources embedded in the job itself that have implications for employability and career advancement.