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The peculiarities of osteoid osteoma of the spine occurring most frequently during adolescence are pointed out and contrasted to the benigne osteoblastoma, based on 5 observations and on studies of the literature. The nidus is usually located excentrically and exceptionally even intrarticular. Two foci may occur side by side or one after another, and the adjacent vertebral end plates may be involved. Spontaneous subsiding of pain is possible. The dorsal portions of the lumbar spine are diseased occasionally under the clinician picture of tight hamstrings, most often, however, with a painful reactive scoliotic position of the spine with the concavity always to the involved side. Spontaneous pain and local joint tenderness do precede the x-ray manifestations for many months. The history of pain prior to diagnosis still exceeds one year in the average. The x-ray findings are extraordinary polymorphe. A high awareness of suspicion ought initiate repeated examinations with x-ray and scintigraph. Lack of pains and disappearance of the reactive malpositions of the trunk may be expected only after resection of the nidus. It's preoperative detection may cause considerable difficulties as well as the correct postoperative histological diagnosis in the absence of the relevant material. The most frequent misdiagnosis is low grade osteomyelitis which has been true with the authors who describes first the syndrome of tight hamstrings.

Ointment containing cerium nitrate and silver sulphadiazine (Flammacerium) was applied to 47 children with second-degree to third-degree thermal injuries, with something between five and 60 per cent of the body surface being affected, as had been reported in a one-year prospective study. This ointment proved to be superior to several alternative approaches with regard to local properties, antimicrobial effectiveness, and applicability to several degree of burns. The process of treatment can be optimised due to unproblematic applicability in open and closed variants under both hospitalised and outpatient conditions. This assessment has been underlined by good to very good therapeutic results.

Three long-time and two ore three respectively shorter observations of scoliotics with syringomyelia are presented and the pertinent literature is discussed including the complex etiopathogenesis. An attempt is made to describe the concomitant scoliosis. The older the patients with syringomyelia so more frequently scolioses appear, up to about two thirds of all cases, resembling a deformity due to paralysis: Dorsal kyphoscoliosis with lumbar countercurve and lordosis, tendency towards a list of the trunk, eventually rapid progression not only in the growing age but also in adulthood. The scoliosis may preceed the neurologic symptoms for years as well as follow later. Spontaneous fusion of the curves may occur by broad based flat bony appositions to the vertebrae with round prominences as well, aetiologically probably due to syringomyelia: "dystrophic". Since the spinal cord of these cases is more ore less pre-damaged and does react very sensible to progression of the scoliosis, in this phase mainly laminectomy for decompression is indicated whereas treatment otherwise is administered with the help of a Milwaukee brace. If one decides exceptionally to perform a fusion operation the application of any essentional distraction force and contusion is to be avoided.

The aim of this paper was to demonstrate the efficiency of partial splenic resection in treatment of chronic idiopathic thrombocytepenie purpura (Werlhof-Disease). In all but one case remissions of thrombocyte counts over 100 Gpt/l could be achieved. Immunological studies demonstrate the existence of a suppressor-state after this operation, which could be responsible for success of this procedure. In contrast to general considerations the partial-splenectomized child must be considered as an immunological deficient organism for about 6 to 12 months. Restoration of immunological-means whole splenic functions-parameters is to expect always after this time.

Pressing need of selectively vesically or spinally acting neuropharmacons exists for patients with neurogenic disturbances of the function of the urinary bladder especially for children with myelomeningocele. The medicament MICTONORM a peripherally effective anticholinergic drug was tested in healthy young pigs with reference to the effect on the storage volume of the bladder. Cystometrograms were recorded in the narcotised experimental animal before and after intravenous application of 0.5 mg MICTONORM per kg body mass. The average increase of the vesical capacity after the drug application amounted to 39.2% (dispersion 6.3 - 95.3%). The values of the vesical pressure showed a nonuniform behaviour. An effect in the afferent part of the vesical reflex arc comes into question for the pharmacon because of the type of action.

The special risk of the newborn to acquire, skeletal deformities is based on the increased plasticity, intensity of growth and extrapyramidal activity of reflexes which influence each other. These 3 factors may lead to structural growth- and weight bearing deformities in the presence of shrinking contractures and a unilateral oblique habitual position of the trunk. Considering the "Seventh Syndrome" the dual pathogenesis of scoliosis in infancy is discussed from our present point of view (including scoliosis due to oblique body position - moulded baby syndrome - and its deterioration as against true idiopathic infantile or advanced juvenile scoliosis respectively. Similarly is discussed the relation of hip dysplasia due to oblique habitual trunk position in regard to hip dysplasia in connection with CDH as well as the habitual oblique position of the head as against true muscular torticollis.

Based on the literature and our own 143 patients the etiopathogenesis and treatment of metatarsus varus are discussed. The exact scientific proof is still lacking, whether there does exist, besides of the congenital mostly severer metatarsus varus, a slight exogen postnatal form with spontaneous healing, without or with a preceding permanent prone position of the infants. A fixed adductus position of the forefoot represents the indication for stepwise correction of the deformity by means of a plaster cast and additional wedging. It is necessary to produce a slight overcorrection including the typical valgus heel. Afterwards we are striving for strengthening of the foot abductors in order to gain an equilibrium of the musculature as in the treatment of club feet. Our own techniques of correction are demonstrated as well as the results.

Atypically localised coarctation of the aorta is one of the very rare pathological findings. Hypertension of unknown aetiology, atypical vascular sounds, and symptoms of collateral circulation are indicative for diagnosis. Vascular surgery is justified in any case by the juvenile age of the patients concerned and by poor quoad vitam prognosis. Generally, surgical intervention should be undertaken with patients between eight and 14 years of age. Surgical methods and results are reported.

Unexpected arteriosclerotic aneurysms were found in 11 patients during operation performed for other reasons. They were located in the abdominal part of the aorta (8 cases), in the popliteal artery (2 cases) and in the cranial mesenterial artery (1 case). Complications of these aneurysms such as rupture or peripheral embolization, led to surgical intervention in 5 patients.