Search

We have performed transverse field muon spin rotation experiments on a single-crystal La 1.93 Sr 0.07 CuO 4 , which is close to the critical value x = 0.06 , in the field range from 1 to 60 kOe in order to investigate the relation between magnetism and superconductivity in an underdoped high- T c superconductor. The measured sample shows evidence of static magnetism at T g ∼ 4 K, far below the superconducting transition temperature T c = 17 K . We measured the shift and the linewidth of the fast-Fourier transform (FFT) spectra obtained in a high field of 60 kOe, both of which are dominated by Cu - 3 d spins. The temperature dependences of the shift and the linewidth indicate the development of modulated staggered correlations below 100 K. We conclude that the static staggered correlations coexist with superconductivity far below T c .

Fas is expressed in various cells and transduces the cell death signal. p21 is a mediator of p53-dependent G1 arrest associated with deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage. The upregulation of p53 and p21 associated with DNA damage in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis has been described previously. In this study, p53, p21, and Fas expression and DNA damage were examined in interstitial pneumonia associated with collagen vascular diseases (CVD-IP). DNA damage was assessed by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate biotin nick end-labelling (TUNEL) and p53, p21 and Fas proteins were detected by immunohistochemistry in 13 cases of CVD-IP, 13 of sarcoidosis, seven of hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) and eight control patients with normal lung parenchyma. TUNEL-positive signals were found in bronchiolar or alveolar epithelial cells in 11 of 13 (85%) specimens of CVD-IP, but not in sarcoidosis, HP or controls, except for a case of chronic HP with pulmonary fibrosis. p53, p21 and Fas were detected in bronchiolar or alveolar epithelial cells in nine (69%), 10 (77%) and 12 (92%) of 13 specimens of CVD-IP, respectively, but not in sarcoidosis, HP or controls, except for a case of chronic HP. These results suggest that the upregulation of p53, p21 and Fas in bronchiolar and alveolar epithelial cells associated with deoxyribonucleic acid damage may participate in the process of pulmonary fibrosis in interstitial pneumonia associated with collagen vascular diseases and chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis.

大規模な水槽を有する高度浄水施設の築造において, 水密性の確保, 施工性の向上ならびに施工環境の改善を目的として, 打設総量が約20万m3に達する大量の高流動コンクリートを適用した. この高流動コンクリートは, マスコンクリートのひび割れ制御対策として, 低熱ポルトランドセメントを用いて低発熱化を図るとともに, 特に高い水密性が要求される部材には, 膨張材を併用して硬化後の収縮が低減されるように配慮した. 本報告は, 低発熱型高流動コンクリートの材料および配合選定, レディーミクストコンクリート工場での製造管理および実施工時の品質管理結果などについてまとめたものである.

Background: Studies have shown the importance of apoptosis in vascular injury in vitro. We postulated that apoptosis of the endothelium contributes to vascular injury in vivo and may be involved in acute lung injury. Methods: To test this hypothesis, we investigated the incidence of endothelial cell apoptosis in acute lung injury induced in mice by the administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Male ICR mice were administered LPS (20 mg/kg body weight) intravenously and sacrificed at specified times thereafter. Results: Histologic findings were consistent with acute lung injury which increased with time from 3 to 48 h after injection. Electrophoretic analysis of DNA that was extracted from lung tissue and 3'–end–labeled with digoxigenin demonstrated a fragmentation of DNA starting at 6 h. In situ terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase–mediated dUTP biotin nick end–labeling (TUNEL) demonstrated DNA strand breaks in the endothelial cells. TUNEL also revealed DNA strand breaks in bronchial and alveolar epithelial cells as well as inflammatory cells in the interstitium. These TUNEL–positive cells appeared 6 h after injection. Electron–microscopic examination of the endothelium strongly suggested the morphological characteristics of apoptosis. Conclusion: Apoptosis was induced by LPS administration in endothelial cells in vivo. A role for such apoptosis is suggested in acute lung injury.

Background: The bleomycin–induced pneumopathy involves a T cell–mediated immune response. T cell activation requires both antigen/MHC recognition and costimulatory signals. The CD28 receptor on T cells with its ligand B7 represents one of the most important examples of this costimulation. Interleukin 12 (IL–12) has a strong synergistic effect with the B7–1/CD28 interaction on inducing proliferation and cytokine production in T cells. Methods: In this study, we investigated the expression of B7–1, B7–2, and IL–12 in bleomycin–induced pneumopathy in mice using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT–PCR), RT in situ PCR, and immunohistochemistry. Results: We observed concurrent upregulation of B7–1, B7–2, and IL–12p40 mRNA in the lung tissues at 1 h to 7 days after bleomycin instillation into the trachea. B7–1 mRNA and protein were found in bronchiolar epithelial cells as well as macrophages, B7–2 and IL–12p40 mRNA appeared to be expressed in mononuclear cells. Conclusions: These findings indicate that T cell–mediated immune response in this model involves the upregulation of B7–1, B7–2, and IL–12p40 mRNA, and also demonstrate the aberrant expression of B7–1 in bronchiolar epithelial cells.

Fas antigen is a cell surface protein that mediates apoptosis, and it is expressed in various cells and tissues. Fas ligand binds to its receptor Fas, thus inducing apoptosis of Fas-bearing cells. Malfunction of the Fas-Fas ligand system causes lymphoproliferative disorders and autoimmune diseases, whereas its exacerbation may cause tissue destruction. We hypothesize that excessive apoptosis mediated by Fas-Fas ligand interaction may damage alveolar epithelial cells and result in pulmonary fibrosis. Mice were allowed to inhale repeatedly an aerosolized anti-Fas antibody for 14 days. The nuclei of bronchial and alveolar epithelial cells were positively stained by in situ DNA nick end labeling. Electron microscopy demonstrated apoptotic changes in bronchial and alveolar epithelial cells. Histologic findings and hydroxyproline content showed the development of pulmonary fibrosis, which was dependent on the dose of anti-Fas antibody. The repeated inhalation of control antibody (isotype-matched control hamster IgG) did not induce apoptosis of epithelial cells or pulmonary fibrosis. The expression of TGF-beta mRNA was upregulated from day 7 to day 28 in lung tissues of anti-Fas antibody-treated mice but not in those of control mice. In this report, we present the evidence that repeated inhalation of anti-Fas antibody mimicking Fas-Fas ligand crosslinking induces excessive apoptosis and inflammation, which results in pulmonary fibrosis in mice.

The high-energy phonons in La1.5Sr0.5NiO4, in which the checkerboard charge ordering is formed, was investigated by the inelastic neutron scattering. We found that the longitudinal modes show strong anomalies compared with La2NiO4. We argue the similarity and difference in the phonon anomalies between the present sample and the preceding works of different compositions., 5 pages, 2 figures, to be published in J. Phys.: Conf. Ser

We report a case of pulmonary aspergillosis in lung transplant recipient who was successfully treated with inhalation administration of anti-fungal agent. The case was 33-year-old female. Two years ago, she had received lung transplant because of lymphangioleiomyomatosis. One year ago, she had diagnosed of pulmonary aspergillosis and successfully treated with micafungin and itraconazole. Then she had been continuous administered with itraconazole. In June 20xx, she had nausea and vomiting and was diagnosed of viral enteritis. Although abdominal symptoms were relieved, ground glass opacity was discovered in her right lung. Bronchoscopic examination revealed ulceration of bronchus with white necrotic substance. Laboratory culture test demonstrated Aspergillus spp. Finally she was diagnosed of recurrent pulmonary aspergillosis. First, she was treated with intravascular administration of micafungin. Then, inhalation administration of liposomal amphotericin B was changed. Ground glass opacity and bronchial region of pulmonary aspergillosis was improved. Thereafter, inhalation of amphotericin B was continued and no recurrence of pulmonary aspergillosis has been found. Inhalation of anti-fungal agent could be an option for pulmonary aspergillosis.

Introduction Myocardial fibers and nerves adjacent to the vein of Marshall (VOM), that is, the ligament of Marshall (LOM), have been implicated as a source of ectopic beats initiating paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF), as a connection pathway between the left atrium (LA) and left pulmonary veins (PVs), and as a source of arrhythmogenic autonomic innervation. This various complex nature of the LOM can constitute the genesis of AF. On the other hand, the VOM location coincides with the areas usually ablated during PV isolation. It has recently been reported that VOM ethanol infusion creates a lowvoltage area in the LA adjacent to the VOM and facilitates left PV isolation for AF ablation. This advocates that VOM ethanol infusion has favorable adjunctive effects on PV isolation by radiofrequency (RF) ablation. However, considering the roles that the LOM plays in the pathogenesis of AF, VOM ethanol infusion alone may cure AF in some patients. In this report, we describe the first case that underwent VOM ethanol infusion and had non-PV ectopy initiating AF that is eliminated without RF ablation for PV isolation.

We have performed resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) near the Cu-K edge on cuprate superconductors La(2-x)Sr(x)CuO(4), La(2-x)Ba(x)CuO(4), La(2-x)Sr(x)Cu(1-y)Fe(y)O(4) and Bi(1.76)Pb(0.35)Sr(1.89)CuO(6+d), covering underdoped to heavily overdoped regime and focusing on charge excitations inside the charge-transfer gap. RIXS measurements of the 214 systems with Ei = 8.993 keV have revealed that the RIXS intensity at 1 eV energy transfer has a minimum at (0,0) and maxima at (0.4pi, 0) and $(0, 0.4pi) for all doping points regardless of the stripe ordered state, suggesting that the corresponding structure is not directly related to stripe order. Measurements with Ei = 9.003 keV on metallic La(1.7)Sr(0.3)CuO(4) and Bi(1.76)Pb(0.35)Sr(1.89)CuO(6+d) exhibit a dispersive intra-band excitation below 4 eV, similar to that observed in the electron-doped Nd(1.85)Ce(0.15)CuO(4). This is the first observation of a dispersive intra-band excitation in a hole doped system, evidencing that both electron and hole doped systems have a similar dynamical charge correlation function., 7 pages, 7 figures

Inelastic neutron scattering experiments have been performed on lightly-doped La$$_{1.96}$$Sr$$_{0.04}$$CuO$$_{4}$$, which shows diagonal incommensurate spin correlations at low temperatures. We previously reported that this crystal, with a single orthorhombic domain, exhibits the ``hourglass" dispersion at low energies [Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 197001 (2008)]. In this paper, we investigate in detail the energy evolution of the magnetic excitations up to 65 meV. It is found that the anisotropic excitations at low energies, dispersing only along the spin modulation direction, crossover to an isotropic, conical dispersion that resembles spin waves in the parent compound La$_2$CuO$$_{4}$$. The change from two-fold to full symmetry on crossing the waist of the hourglass reproduces behavior first identified in studies of underdoped YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$$_{6+x}$$. We discuss the significance of these results.

Cytological examination is widely used as a diagnostic tool because of the ease of collecting cells from the involved area. However, the diagnostic yield of cytological examination is unsatisfactory; the reasons include sampling error, poorly prepared samples, small numbers of malignant cells, and low grades of cellular atypia. In this study, we focused on the high infectivity of adenovirus towards epithelial cells and applied the luciferase- expressing adenoviral vector to a new cancer cell detection tool. In addition, adenoviral infectivity was enhanced by modifying viral fiber proteins. The sensitivity of the diagnostic tool was tested using the NCI-H1299 lung cancer cell line, and validated in body fluid samples from cancer patients with a variety of etiology. Results showed that the adenovirus efficiently transfected NCI-H1299 with high sensitivity. Only 10 cancer cells were sufficient for detection of luciferase signals. In body fluid samples, the adenovirus confirmed the diagnosis for malignant and benign cancer, but not in non-epithelial cell derived samples. This study provides proof-of-concept for a more reliable and sensitive diagnostic tool for epithelium-derived cancer.

We have performed inelastic neutron scattering measurements on the single-layer cuprate Bi(2+x) Sr(2-x) CuO(6+y) (Bi2201) with x = 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5, a doping range that spans the spin-glass to superconducting phase boundary. The doping evolution of low energy spin fluctuations (11

We performed X-ray diffraction and neutron scattering experiments on high quality single crystals of La1.85Sr0.15CuO4. We found a forbidden (1,0,0) peak, which develops below the HTT-LTO structural transition temperature, and an anomalous behavior of acoustic phonon at (2,2,0). These results indicate that the structural anomaly has a strong relation with an superconductivity.

The complete spectrum of the double spinon excitation in the spin-Peierls system CuGe${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ is mapped as a function of temperature for the first time. The spin dynamics of the lower boundary and the excitation continuum evolve quite differently. Moreover, the dimerization of the lattice produces a sharp excitation in the lower energy boundary at the edge of the Brillouin zone, as well as the well known spin-gap opening at the zone center.

Cu-Ag alloy is used for the repeating pulsed field magnets. It is found that fields up to 22 T or more will be available for this purpose instead of 16 T which is obtained with normal copper magnet used at present. This result is a big advantage for neutron diffraction experiments.

The in-plane optical conductivity and dc resistivity of La1.875Ba0.125−YSr Y CuO4 with y = 0.085 was measured from 30 to 20,000 cm−1 and from 295 to 8 K. A strong extra-Drude absorption at finite frequency is detected both in the normal and superconducting state, and remains unchanged when the free carriers condensate. The present results confirm and extend recent infrared data on La2−xSrxCuO4.

Chromosomal DNA of 27 strains of Campylobacter fetus was analyzed by Southern blotting with a probe of the conserved region of sapA. The probe hybridized with 23 strains that produced type A lipopolysaccharide. These strains had more than six sapA homologs. In Southern blots of SalI-digested chromosomal DNA separated by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, one fragment from 19 strains and two fragments from 4 strains hybridized. These data indicate that multiple sapA homologs are localized to a limited region on the chromosomal DNA of C. fetus and thus suggest the possibility of developing a typing system using this method.

High-energy pulsed neutron inelastic scattering experiments have been performed using single crystals of La 1.85 Sr 0.15 CuO 4 to study magnetic fluctuations in the superconducting phase. A peak centered at the reciprocal point (π,π) is well defined below around 120 meV and rapidly damped beyond this energy. However, the \lq\lqbackground-subtracted” scattering intensities indicate that magnetic signals remain up to around 300 meV. These data combined with the results obtained by triple-axis neutron scattering experiments provide the first overall energy spectrum of the dynamical susceptibility in La 1.85 Sr 0.15 CuO 4 . The obtained spectrum is much wider than that of YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7- d ( d ∼0).

A malignant tumor and infection have a close relation which is hard to separate. The differential diagnosis of the infection is necessary even at the time of the diagnosis of the malignant tumor. Controlling infection is another difficulty at the anti-cancer treatment as next step. In this report, the issues concerning the infection with lung cancer, especially febrile neutropenia, was argued.

Systematic inelastic neutron scattering studies have been performed on La${}_{1.85}$Sr${}_{0.15}$Cu${}_{1\ensuremath{-}y}$Ni${}_{y}$O${}_{4}$ in order to elucidate the microscopic mechanism of magnetic Ni impurity doping effects on spin dynamics and superconductivity. In contrast to Zn doping, which precipitates static or quasistatic spin correlations around dopant, Ni doping remarkably reduces ${E}_{\mathrm{comme}}$, the minimum energy of the upward branch of the hourglass-shaped magnetic dispersion where a commensurate magnetic peak is observed. Ni doping at $y\ensuremath{\sim}0.04$ further reduces ${E}_{\mathrm{comme}}$ to zero energy and broadens the distribution of ${E}_{\mathrm{comme}}$, corresponding to the appearance of the normal state at base temperature ($T\ensuremath{\sim}4$ K) as well as the broadening of the superconducting transition.

Febrile neutropenia frequently develops after chemotherapy, and the prompt administration of antimicrobial agents is required for treatment. In the present study, we searched for predictive factors for the failure of the initial antimicrobial agents used for febrile neutropenia (FN) in patients with lung cancer. Sixty FN patients treated in our ward from June 2005 to May 2011 were retrospectively analyzed. The definition of FN and the response to antimicrobial agents were determined by the Japanese guidelines. We divided the FN patients into two groups by their response to the initial antimicrobial agents. Next, the characteristics of the two groups were compared. The Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer (MASCC) score did not differ between the two groups. The non-responder group demonstrated significant elevation of serum C-reactive protein (CRP) level. A multivariate analysis demonstrated that a CRP level higher than 10 mg/dl is an independent risk factor for the failure of initial antimicrobial agents for FN with lung cancer (OR 11.0, 95 % CI 1.635–74.5). When the CRP score was added to the MASCC score, the scoring system could more precisely predict the failure of initial antimicrobial agents in patients with lung cancer who developed febrile neutropenia.

Diversity of human body size and shape is often biogeographically interpreted in association with climatic conditions. According to Bergmann's and Allen's rules, populations in regions with a cold climate are expected to display an overall larger body and smaller/shorter extremities than those in warm/hot environments. In the present study, the skeletal limb size and proportions of prehistoric Jomon hunter-gatherers, who extensively inhabited subarctic to subtropical areas in the ancient Japanese archipelago, were examined to evaluate whether or not the inter-regional differences follow such ecogeographic patterns. Results showed that the Jomon intralimb proportions including relative distal limb lengths did not differ significantly among five regions from northern Hokkaido to the southern Okinawa Islands. This suggests a limited co-variability of the intralimb proportions with climate, particularly within genealogically close populations. In contrast, femoral head breadth (associated with body mass) and skeletal limb lengths were found to be significantly and positively correlated with latitude, suggesting a north-south geographical cline in the body size. This gradient therefore comprehensively conforms to Bergmann's rule, and may stem from multiple potential factors such as phylogenetic constraints, microevolutionary adaptation to climatic/geographic conditions during the Jomon period, and nutritional and physiological response during ontogeny. Specifically, the remarkably small-bodied Jomon in the Okinawa Islands can also be explained as an adjustment to subtropical and insular environments. Thus, the findings obtained in this study indicate that Jomon people, while maintaining fundamental intralimb proportions, displayed body size variation in concert with ambient surroundings. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

We have observed the bulk Fermi surface (FS) in an overdoped (x=0.3) single crystal of La2?xSrxCuO4 by using Compton scattering. A two-dimensional (2D) momentum density reconstruction from measured Compton profiles yields a clear FS signature in the third Brillouin zone along [100]. The quantitative agreement between density functional theory (DFT) calculations and momentum density experiment suggests that Fermi-liquid physics is restored in the overdoped regime. In particular the predicted FS topology is found to be in good accord with the corresponding experimental data. We find similar quantitative agreement between the measured 2D angular correlation of positron annihilation radiation (2D-ACAR) spectra and the DFT-based computations. However, 2D-ACAR does not give such a clear signature of the FS in the extended momentum space in either the theory or the experiment.

We constructed a physical map of Campylobacter fetus TK(+) chromosomal DNA digested by either SmaI, SalI, or NotI using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and Southern hybridization data. The genome size of C. fetus TK(+) is 2016 kb, larger than that reported by the others. To locate the sapA gene, which encodes the surface array protein (SAP), on the physical map, we performed Southern hybridizations with probes based on the conserved region of the sapA gene. The results showed that more than seven copies of the conserved region were present on C. fetus chromosomal DNA and that the sapA gene was located on a limited number of fragments forming a cluster of genes. By comparing fingerprint patterns of strain TK(+) and strain TK(-), which lost the ability to produce SAP during culture on agar medium, an approximately 10kb deletion was observed in the fragments of strain TK(-). The results of Southern hybridization with two probes, one from the upstream region and the other from the variable region of sapA, suggest that the loss of SAP expression might not be the result of the loss of the sapA gene itself, but only a loss of its control systems.

Crystal structure and phonon dynamics up to 150 meV of the spin-Peierls material CuGeO 3 have been investigated by neutron scattering experiments. We found a large lattice anomaly in the a-b plane, vertical to the one-dimensional antiferromagnetic spin chain, associated with additional diffraction peaks in the b * -axis at temperatures much higher than the spin-Peierls transition temperature. The phonon modes of the chain oxygens at 100 meV show consistent evolution with diffraction. Therefore, we conclude that the structural evolution of the chain oxygens in the a-b plane, which mediates the spin-spin interaction along the c -axis, drives the spin-Peierls transition.

We have performed elastic neutron scattering measurements on La1.875Ba0.125-xSrxCuO4 single crystals with x=0.075 and 0.085. Both charge-density-wave (CDW) and spin-density-wave (SDW) orders are clearly observed below the structural transition temperature (Td2) between the low-temperature orthorhombic (LTO) and the low-temperature less-orthorhombic (LTLO) phases. A possible reason for the coincident appearance is discussed from the viewpoint of the stripe model.

Sodium 1-(12-hydroxy)octadecanyl sulfate (1) was isolated from a marine tunicate as a matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) inhibitor.(1) The structure was elucidated by a combination of spectroscopic and chemical methods. Compound 1 inhibited MMP2 with an IC(50) value of 9.0 microg/mL.

Purely local experimental probes of many copper oxide superconductors show that their electronic states are inhomogeneous in real space. For example, scanning tunneling spectroscopic imaging shows strong variations in real space, and according to nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) studies, the charge distribution in the bulk varies on the nanoscale. However, the analysis of the experimental results utilizing spatially averaged probes often ignores this fact. We have performed a detailed investigation of the doping dependence of the energy and linewidth of the zone-boundary Cu-O bond-stretching vibration in ${\mathrm{La}}_{2\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{x}{\mathrm{CuO}}_{4}$ by inelastic neutron scattering. Both our results as well as previously reported angle-dependent momentum widths of the electronic spectral function detected by angle-resolved photoemission can be reproduced by including the same distribution of local environments extracted from the NQR analysis.

Objective To determine the nutritional factors that influence disease spread in patients with pulmonary Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infection. Methods A prospective observational study. Patients Patients with pulmonary MAC infection were enrolled in this study. Chest computed tomography (CT), abdominal CT, and physical, clinical, and nutritional laboratory data were collected after obtaining informed consent. Results Seventy-eight patients (16 males and 62 females) were consecutively enrolled. While the mean body mass index (BMI) was low (19.6 ± 2.7 kg/m2), the mean serum albumin concentration was within normal range (4.2 ± 0.2 g/dL). We evaluated the number of affected lung segments to define the degree of disease spread, and examined the relationships between various parameters and disease spread. Multivariate analysis identified the duration of the disease (+1.6 segment/100 months, p=0.03), BMI (-0.5 segment/BMI, p=0.003), and white blood cell count (+0.7 segment/1,000 WBC, p=0.03) as factors contributing to disease spread. Conclusion BMI is an excellent marker for nutritional assessment and for predicting disease spread in patients with pulmonary MAC infection.

In spite of recent advances in chemotherapy, the treatment of pulmonary aspergilloma remains unsatisfactory. To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of combination therapy for pulmonary aspergilloma, we conducted a multi-institutional prospective study using micafungin (MCFG) and itraconazole (ITCZ). Adult patients who fulfilled the criteria for pulmonary aspergilloma were enrolled in this study. After patient consent had been obtained, intravenous MCFG 150 mg/day and an oral capsule of ITCZ 200 mg/day were administered for at least 1 month. The primary endpoint was the response assessed using an algorithm that incorporated the levels of improvement by evaluating clinical symptoms and signs, mycological and serological tests, and diagnostic imaging. A total of 17 patients were enrolled from three facilities. The response rate to the combination therapy was 58.8% (10/17). The long-term control in the group of patients who responded to treatment was better than that in the group of patients who did not respond. Adverse events occurred in 6 of the 17 patients (35.3%), but there were no severe adverse events. MCFG-ITCZ combination therapy appeared to be relatively safe and effective in patients with pulmonary aspergilloma.

Inelastic neutron scattering experiments have been performed on lightly doped La{sub 1.975}Sr{sub 0.025}CuO{sub 4}, which contains a hole concentration slightly higher than the critical concentration for three-dimensional long-range antiferromagnetic order. We previously found that the magnetic excitation spectrum in the insulating phase with a diagonal incommensurate spin modulation has similarities to that in the superconducting regime, where the spin modulation is bond parallel. In this study, we investigate the excitations in detail around E{sub cross}, at which the excitations become most nearly commensurate. It is found that both the magnitude and the anisotropy of the momentum width of the excitations change abruptly at E{sub cross}. Our experimental results suggest that the magnetic excitations rising from the pair of (diagonally) incommensurate wave vectors merge at E{sub cross} into isotropic excitations.

We demonstrated experimentally a direct way to probe a hidden propensity to the formation of a spin-density wave in a nonmagnetic metal with strong Fermi surface nesting. Substituting Fe for a tiny amount of Cu (1%) induced an incommensurate magnetic order below 20 K in heavily overdoped La(2-x)Sr(x)CuO(4). Elastic neutron scattering suggested that this order cannot be ascribed to the localized spins on Cu or doped Fe. Angle-resolved photoemission revealed a strong Fermi surface nesting inherent in the pristine La(2-x)Sr(x)CuO(4) that likely drives this order. Our finding presents the first example of the long-sought "itinerant-spin extreme" of cuprates, where the spins of itinerant doped holes define the magnetic ordering ground state; it complements the current picture of cuprate spin physics that highlights the predominant role of localized spins at lower dopings.

By performing time-of-flight neutron scattering measurements on a large sample of single crystals of Sr${}_{2}$RuO${}_{4}$, we studied the detailed structure of the imaginary part of the dynamic spin susceptibility over a wide range of phase space. In the normal state at $T=5$ K, strong incommensurate (IC) peaks were clearly observed around ${\mathbf{Q}}_{\mathrm{c}}=(0.3,0.3)$ up to at least $\ensuremath{\hbar}\ensuremath{\omega}=80$ meV. In addition, our data also show strong magnetic fluctuations that exist on the ridges connecting the IC peaks around the $(\ensuremath{\pi},\ensuremath{\pi})$ point rather than around the $\ensuremath{\Gamma}$ point. Our results are consistent with the semi-mean-field random phase approximation calculation for a two-dimensional Fermi liquid with a characteristic energy of 5.0 meV. Furthermore, the IC fluctuations were observed even at room temperature.

International audience; The high-temperature superconducting cuprate La2−xSrxCuO4 (LSCO) shows several phases ranging from antiferromagnetic insulator to metal with increasing hole doping. To understand how the nature of the hole state evolves with doping, we have carried out high-resolution Compton scattering measurements at room temperature together with first-principles electronic structure computations on a series of LSCO single crystals in which the hole doping level varies from the underdoped (UD) to the overdoped (OD) regime. Holes in the UD system are found to primarily populate the O 2px /py orbitals. In contrast, the character of holes in the OD system is very different in that these holes mostly enter Cu d orbitals. High-resolution Compton scattering provides a bulk-sensitive method for imaging the orbital character of dopants in complex materials.

Information about the development of febrile neutropenia in patients with solid tumors remains insufficient. In this study, we tried to identify the risk factors for refractory febrile neutropenia in patients with lung cancer. A total of 59 neutropenic fever episodes associated with anti-tumor chemotherapy for lung cancer were retrospectively analyzed. We compared patient characteristics according to their initial response to treatment with antibiotics. For 34 of 59 (58%) episodes a response to initial antibiotics was obtained whereas 25 of 59 (42%) were refractory to treatment. Multivariate analysis demonstrated independent risk factors for refractory febrile neutropenia with lung cancer. These risk factors were the severity of febrile neutropenia (odds ratio (OR) 6.11; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.85–20.14) and C-reactive protein more than 10 mg/dl (OR 4.39; 95% CI 1.22–15.74). These factors could predict outcome for patients with lung cancer who develop refractory febrile neutropenia.

We describe a method of white-beam inelastic neutron scattering for improved measurement efficiency. The method consists of matrix inversion and selective extraction. The former is to resolve each incident energy component from the white-beam data, and the latter eliminates contamination by elastic components, which produce strong backgrounds that otherwise obfuscate the inelastic scattering components. In this method, the optimal experimental condition to obtain high efficiency will strongly depend on the specific aim of the individual experiments., Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures

The effect of neutron heating on the burn characteristics of inertial confinement fusion pellets is investigated by applying the calculational method developed in an earlier paper (Part I). The basic equations are time-dependent transport equations for fusion neutrons and recoil ions, being written in terms of the modified Eulerian coordinates originally proposed by Wienke (1974). After incorporating these equations into the one-dimensional hydrodynamics code MEDUSA, burn simulations are made for isobaric D-T pellets models compressed to 1,000 times the liquid density. It is found that in reactor-grade pellets, the inclusion of neutron heating decreases the fuel gain from the values obtained by neglecting the neutron heating

A method for calculating the neutron heating rate in plasma systems at densities and temperatures of interest for inertial confinement fusion is presented. The basic equations consist of the transport equations for neutrons and their recoil ions, being written in terms of the modified Eulerian coordinates originally proposed by Wienke (1974). After presenting the cal- culational model, numerical results are given for a particular test problem, i.e. the deposition of 14-MeV source neutron energy in expanding D-T spheres. It is shown that the energy transport by recoil ions has a considerable influence on the neutron heating. Calculations neglecting recoil-ion transport fail to account for the temperature dependence of neutron heating and overestimate the deposition to plasma ions.

A 63-year-old man with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia was admitted to our hospital with miliary tuberculosis. He received anti-tuberculosis drugs: isoniazid (INH), rifampicin (RFP), ethambutol (EB), and pyrazinamide (PZA). His condition clearly and immediately improved after the therapy, but he experienced a high fever of about 38°C every day from 1 month after the initiation of the therapy. Drug-induced fever and tumor fever were suspected as causes, but the etiology could not be determined. The tuberculosis was identified as an INH-resistant strain, so INH was stopped and levofloxacin (LVFX) was introduced, with streptomycin (SM), in addition to RFP, EB, and PZA. At 2 months after the initiation of the therapy (about one week after the change in the anti-tuberculosis drug regimen), his spinal fluid was examined, given his complaints of headache and vomiting. The spinal fluid analysis revealed invasion of lymphocytic inflammatory cells and high adenosine deaminase activity; the patient was thus diagnosed with tuberculous meningitis. His condition gradually improved after the changing of the anti-tuberculosis drugs. Thus, to summarize, the tuberculous meningitis had worsened paradoxically despite his systemic improvement, although it was successfully treated by the addition of LVFX and SM. We must keep in mind that a potential cause of fever during anti-tuberculosis therapy may be INH-resistant tuberculous meningitis.

We report a 23-year-old woman with interstitial inflammation and fibrosis associated with deposition of surfactant proteins in the airways. Biopsy of the lung showed multiple focal lesions containing dilated airways with inflammation and fibrosis. Pale eosinophilic amorphous material, dense eosinophilic bodies and numerous cholesterin clefts were observed in the airways. Surfactant protein A (SP-A) was expressed in the amorphous material. SP-D was identified in the dense eosinophilic bodies and around the acicular clefts. The finding that surfactant depositions were anatomically coincident with the interstitial pneumonia suggests that surfactant depositions were closely related to the interstitial pneumonia.

The incidence of Acinetobacter baumannii pneumonia in hospital-acquired pneumonia in Japan is rare. We report a case of ventilator-associated A. baumanii pneumonia. A 69-year-old man admitted for fever was diagnosed with Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia based on chest radiography, urine antigen, and sputum examination. Despite appropriate antibiotics, the pneumonia progressed, necessitating intensive respiratory management. Ten days there after, he suffered sudden septic shock and superimposed pneumonia despite both carbapenem and fluoroquinolone administration. A. baumanii was detected from blood and sputum. Piperacilline/tazobactam, amikacin, and intensive care saved his life.