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7,924 results on '"M, Berger"'

352. Endurance Athletes Are at Increased Risk for Early Acute Mountain Sickness at 3450 m

Author

Peter Schmidt, Larissa Schäfer, Quirin Zangl, Lisa M. Schiefer, Bernhard Reich, Barbara Mayr, Arnulf Hartl, Marc M. Berger, Josef Niebauer, Franciscus Inama, Gunnar Treff, Franziska Macholz, Mahdi Sareban, and Peter Bärtsch

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Acclimatization, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Hypoxic ventilatory response, Altitude Sickness, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Altitude, Heart Rate, Parasympathetic Nervous System, Internal medicine, Heart rate, medicine, Humans, Heart rate variability, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Prospective Studies, biology, Athletes, business.industry, VO2 max, 030229 sport sciences, biology.organism_classification, Oxygen, Increased risk, Acute Disease, Basal metabolic rate, Physical Endurance, Cardiology, Basal Metabolism, Pulmonary Ventilation, business, Physical Conditioning, Human
Abstract

INTRODUCTION Acute mountain sickness (AMS) may develop in nonacclimatized individuals after exposure to altitudes ≥2500 m. Anecdotal reports suggest that endurance-trained (ET) athletes with a high maximal oxygen uptake (V˙O2max) may be at increased risk for AMS. Possible underlying mechanisms include a training-induced increase in resting parasympathetic activity, higher resting metabolic rate (RMR), and lower hypoxic ventilatory response (HVR). METHODS In 38 healthy, nonacclimatized men (19 ET and 19 untrained controls [UT], V˙O2max 66 ± 6 mL·min·kg vs 45 ± 7 mL·min·kg; P < 0.001) peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2), heart rate variability, RMR, and poikilocapnic HVR were assessed at 424 m and during 48 h at 3450 m after passive ascent by train (~2 h). Acute mountain sickness was evaluated by AMS cerebral (AMS-C) score. RESULTS On day 1 at altitude, ET presented with a higher AMS incidence (42% vs 11%; P < 0.05) and severity (AMS-C score: ET, 0.48 ± 0.5 vs UT, 0.21 ± 0.2; P = 0.03), but no group difference was found on days 2 and 3. SpO2 decreased upon arrival at altitude (ET: 82% ± 6% vs UT: 83% ± 4%; ptime

Published
2019

353. Currents and Contradictions in the Ethnomusicology of Popular Music

Author

Harris M. Berger

Subjects
Populism, Politics, Popular music, Ethnocentrism, Ethnomusicology, Media studies, Resistance (psychoanalysis), Sociology, Humanism, Music, Period (music)
Abstract

The status of popular music research in North American ethnomusicology has changed significantly in the last 25 years. Expanding rapidly in the late 1990s and early 2000s, popular music research in ethnomusicology was part of a set of broader intellectual developments that challenged the liberal inclusionism that dominated the discipline during this period, developments that, as other writers have observed, included the growing prominence of critical approaches to humanistic inquiry, new ideas about media and culture, and the rise of the neoliberal university. This article tracks the shifting reception of popular music research in ethnomusicology during this period and the place that this work held in these wider transformations. Taking institutional history as its starting point, the article discusses the position of ethnomusicology among other music disciplines in the North American academy, the debates that surrounded the formation of the Popular Music Section of the Society for Ethnomusicology (PMSSEM) and the relationship between PMSSEM and the International Association for the Study of Popular Music. Examining the interplay between residual and emergent elements of intellectual culture in today’s discipline, the article explores the reciprocities and tensions between liberal inclusionism and radical cultural critique, the ethnomusicologist’s productive resistance to defining the notion of popular music, the charges of ethnocentrism that have recently been levelled at the ethnomusicology of popular music, and the differing approaches to the question of populism at play in contemporary ethnomusicology’s politics of culture.

Published
2019

354. Insights on the Molecular Characteristics of Molecularly Imprinted Polymers as Monitored by Sum Frequency Generation Spectroscopy

Author

Imee Su Martinez, Paul Cudia, Romelyn Obiles, Uriel Joseph Erasquin, Katherine Cimatu, Uvinduni I. Premadasa, and Jenna M. Berger

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification, Molecularly imprinted polymer, 02 engineering and technology, Surfaces and Interfaces, Polymer, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, chemistry, Chemical engineering, Electrochemistry, Molecule, General Materials Science, 0210 nano-technology, Spectroscopy, Sum frequency generation spectroscopy
Abstract

Sensing in molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) requires specific interactions of the imprinted polymer and the approaching template molecule. These interactions are affected by the morphology of the polymer surface, the affinity of the template molecule to the polymer network, and the steric approach. In this particular study, a template molecule, metronidazole, is studied with respect to the typically used methacrylic acid-based imprinted polymer using a combination of bulk and surface techniques. The resulting infrared (IR) spectra exhibited the presence of the template molecule in the polymer matrix as well as their efficient removal after washing. Dipping of the MIP according to what is expected of facile sensing in an aqueous solution of metronidazole did not show any presence of the template molecule in the bulk of the MIP, as observed by IR spectroscopy. However, using sum frequency generation (SFG) spectroscopy, the CH aromatic stretch of the imidazole ring positioned at ∼3100 cm

Published
2019

356. Molecular determinants of phase separation for Drosophila DNA replication licensing factors

Author

Matthew W Parker, Jonchee A Kao, Alvin Huang, James M Berger, and Michael R Botchan

Subjects
General Immunology and Microbiology, QH301-705.5, Science, General Neuroscience, DNA binding proteins, General Medicine, DNA replication, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Medicine, liquid phase condensates, intrinsically disordered proteins, Biology (General)
Abstract

Liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) of intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) in proteins can drive the formation of membraneless compartments in cells. Phase-separated structures enrich for specific partner proteins and exclude others. Previously, we showed that the IDRs of metazoan DNA replication initiators drive DNA-dependent phase separation in vitro and chromosome binding in vivo, and that initiator condensates selectively recruit replication-specific partner proteins (Parker et al., 2019). How initiator IDRs facilitate LLPS and maintain compositional specificity is unknown. Here, using Drosophila melanogaster (Dm) Cdt1 as a model initiation factor, we show that phase separation results from a synergy between electrostatic DNA-bridging interactions and hydrophobic inter-IDR contacts. Both sets of interactions depend on sequence composition (but not sequence order), are resistant to 1,6-hexanediol, and do not depend on aromaticity. These findings demonstrate that distinct sets of interactions drive condensate formation and specificity across different phase-separating systems and advance efforts to predict IDR LLPS propensity and partner selection a priori.

Published
2021

358. Electrocardiographic Changes During Initiation of Lithium Augmentation of Antidepressant Pharmacotherapy

Author

Christoph Richter, Thomas Stamm, Bruno Steinacher, Sarah Luise Osterland, Jeanette Schulz-Menger, Roland Ricken, Walter de Millas, Tom Bschor, Josephine Kermer, Peter Schlattmann, Süleyman Bilal, Pichit Buspavanich, Andreas Heinz, Mazda Adli, Joachim Behr, Grace O'Malley, and M. Berger

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Lithium (medication), Heart Diseases, QT interval, QRS complex, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Electrocardiography, Internal medicine, Heart rate, medicine, ST segment, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), cardiovascular diseases, Adverse effect, Depressive Disorder, Major, business.industry, Drug Synergism, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Antidepressive Agents, Psychiatry and Mental health, Cardiology, Lithium Compounds, Major depressive disorder, Antidepressant, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, business, medicine.drug
Abstract

PURPOSE/BACKGROUND Lithium augmentation of antidepressants represents a common strategy to overcome treatment resistance in patients with major depressive disorder. The use of lithium has been associated with cardiovascular adverse effects such as QTc prolongation and tachyarrhythmia. Although the previous studies investigated monotherapy with lithium, the aim of this study was to investigate electrocardiographic changes in LA. METHODS/PROCEDURES A 12-lead surface electrocardiogram (ECG) was obtained from 38 patients with major depressive disorder before and during LA. Changes in heart rate, PQ, QRS and QTc interval, QT dispersion, ST segment, and T- and U-wave alterations were analyzed using a linear mixed model. FINDINGS/RESULTS The ECG readings of 33 patients were evaluated. Lithium augmentation was not significantly associated with changes in heart rate, QTc, PQ, or QRS interval. We found a significant decrease in QT dispersion. These results were independent of sex, age, stable comedication, and comorbidities. During LA, we observed 9 cases of T-wave alterations and 2 cases of new U waves. CONCLUSIONS Our data provide no evidence for serious ECG abnormalities at therapeutic serum lithium levels in patients treated with LA. In particular, we did not find evidence for QTc time lengthening or tachyarrhythmia, such as torsades des pointes. The recommended intervals for ECG checks should be considered to detect long-term effects of LA.

Published
2021

359. Final Analysis of Consolidative Use of Radiotherapy to Block (CURB) Oligoprogression Trial - A Randomized Study of Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy for Oligoprogressive Metastatic Lung and Breast Cancers

Author

C.J. Tsai, J.T. Yang, D.M. Guttmann, N. Shaverdian, J. Eng, R. Yeh, J. Girshman, J. Das, D. Gelblum, A.J. Xu, A. Namakydoust, A. Iqbal, J.M. Mann, I. Preeshagul, C. Hajj, E.F. Gillespie, S. Modi, C. Dang, P. Drullinsky, W. Zhi, Q. LaPlant, A. Rimner, J.Y. Shin, A.J. Wu, K. Ng, A. Gucalp, A.J. Khan, R. Sanford, J. Bromberg, A.D. Seidman, T.A. Traina, D.R. Gomez, J. Flynn, Z. Zhang, J.A. Patel, M. Berger, J.S. Reis-Filho, N.Y. Lee, N. Riaz, M.E. Robson, C.M. Rudin, and S.N. Powell

Subjects
Cancer Research, Radiation, Oncology, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging
Published
2022

368. Correction to: decision-making at the limit of viability: differing perceptions and opinions between neonatal physicians and nurses

Author

Hans Ulrich Bucher, Sabine D. Klein, Manya J. Hendriks, Ruth Baumann-Hölzle, Thomas M. Berger, Jürg C. Streuli, Jean-Claude Fauchère, and on behalf of the Swiss Neonatal End-of-Life Study Group

Subjects
Pediatrics, RJ1-570
Abstract

After publication of the original article [1], the corresponding author noticed the given names and family names of the members included in the Swiss Neonatal End-of-Life Study Group were incorrectly reverted.

Published
2018
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369. Turbulent exchange and segregation of HOx radicals and volatile organic compounds above a deciduous forest

Author

G. Kramm, R. Koppmann, A. Hansel, W. Grabmer, A. Wisthaler, F. Holland, A. Hofzumahaus, M. Siese, M. Zelger, M. Berger, R. Dlugi, M. Möllmann-Coers, and A. Knaps

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract

The eddy covariance method was applied for the first time to estimate fluxes of OH and HO2 together with fluxes of isoprene, the sum of methyl vinyl ketone (MVK) and methacrolein (MACR) and the sum of monoterpenes above a mixed deciduous forest. Highly sensitive measurements of OH and HO2 were performed by laser induced fluorescence (LIF), and biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) were measured by Proton-Transfer-Reaction Mass Spectrometry (PTR-MS) at a time resolution of 5 s, each. Wind speed was measured by a sonic anemometer at 10 Hz. The one-day feasibility study was conducted at a total height of 37 m, about 7 m above forest canopy, during the ECHO (Emission and CHemical transformation of biogenic volatile Organic compounds) intensive field study in July 2003. The daytime measurements yielded statistically significant OH fluxes directed downward into the direction of the canopy and HO2 fluxes mainly upward out of the canopy. This hints towards a significant local chemical sink of OH by reactions with BVOCs, other organic and inorganic compounds and conversion of OH to HO2 above the canopy. For OH the measured flux is locally balanced by chemical sources and sinks and direct transport of OH plays no important role for the local chemical OH budget at the measurement height, as expected from the short OH lifetime (2 the chemical lifetime (20 s) is in the range of the turbulent transport time for transfer between the top of the canopy and the measuring point. In this case, the radical balance is significantly influenced by both chemistry and transport processes. In addition, the highly time-resolved trace gas measurements were used to calculate the intensity of segregation of OH and BVOCs, demonstrating that the effective reaction rate of isoprene and OH was slowed down as much as 15% due to inhomogeneous mixing of the reactants. The paper describes the results, the applied methods and provides a detailed analysis of possible systematic errors of the covariance products.

Published
2010
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370. Phase transition kinetics for a Bose Einstein condensate in a periodically driven band system

Author

E Michon, C Cabrera-Gutiérrez, A Fortun, M Berger, M Arnal, V Brunaud, J Billy, C Petitjean, P Schlagheck, and D Guéry-Odelin

Subjects
quantum gas, optical lattice, phase transition, Science, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

The dynamical transition of an atomic Bose–Einstein condensate from a spatially periodic state to a staggered state with alternating sign in its wavefunction is experimentally studied using a one-dimensional phase modulated optical lattice. We observe the crossover from quantum to thermal fluctuations as the triggering mechanism for the nucleation of staggered states. In good quantitative agreement with numerical simulations based on the truncated Wigner method, we experimentally investigate how the nucleation time varies with the renormalized tunneling rate, the atomic density, and the driving frequency. The effective inverted energy band in the driven lattice is identified as the key ingredient which explains the emergence of gap solitons as observed in numerics and the possibility to nucleate staggered states from interband excitations as reported experimentally.

Published
2018
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372. Synthesis Methods, Microscopy Characterization and Device Integration of Nanoscale Metal Oxide Semiconductors for Gas Sensing

Author

Randy L. Vander Wal, Gordon M. Berger, Michael J. Kulis, Gary W. Hunter, Laura Evans, and Jennifer C. Xu

Subjects
metal oxide, gas sensor, nanostructure, integration, nanorods, catalyst, gas detector, gas analysis, Chemical technology, TP1-1185
Abstract

A comparison is made between SnO2, ZnO, and TiO2 single-crystal nanowires and SnO2 polycrystalline nanofibers for gas sensing. Both nanostructures possess a one-dimensional morphology. Different synthesis methods are used to produce these materials: thermal evaporation-condensation (TEC), controlled oxidation, and electrospinning. Advantages and limitations of each technique are listed. Practical issues associated with harvesting, purification, and integration of these materials into sensing devices are detailed. For comparison to the nascent form, these sensing materials are surface coated with Pd and Pt nanoparticles. Gas sensing tests, with respect to H2, are conducted at ambient and elevated temperatures. Comparative normalized responses and time constants for the catalyst and noncatalyst systems provide a basis for identification of the superior metal-oxide nanostructure and catalyst combination. With temperature-dependent data, Arrhenius analyses are made to determine activation energies for the catalyst-assisted systems.

Published
2009
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373. Correction to: Can Pharmacokinetic Studies Assess the Pulmonary Fate of Dry Powder Inhaler Formulations of Fluticasone Propionate?

Author

Christine Tabulov, Robert Price, Jürgen B. Bulitta, Xiangyin Wei, Jagdeep Shur, Elham Amini, Minori Kinjo, Dennis Sandell, Mutasim Abu-Hasan, Jie Shao, Oluwamurewa Oguntimein, Yuanyuan Jiao, Bhargava Kandala, Sau L. Lee, Renishkumar Delvadia, Günther Hochhaus, Sandra Baumstein, Brandon Seay, Cynthia Carrasco, Uta Schilling, Michael Hindle, Simon M. Berger, Lawrence H. Winner, Denise S. Conti, Stefanie K. Drescher, Mong-Jen Chen, Abhinav Kurumaddali, and Bhawana Saluja

Subjects
Pharmacokinetics, business.industry, medicine, Pharmaceutical Science, Pharmacology, business, Fluticasone propionate, Dry-powder inhaler, medicine.drug
Published
2021

374. Inhibitors of the Hippo Pathway Kinases STK3/MST2 and STK4/MST1 Have Utility for the Treatment of Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Author

Allison S. Limpert, Lena M. Berger, Stefan Knapp, Lester J. Lambert, Nicholas D. P. Cosford, Fabiana I.A.L. Layng, Apirat Chaikuad, Cunxiang Yuan, Jing Dong, Li Wang, Maria Celeridad, Yi Peng, Douglas J. Sheffler, Nicole Bata, Guoxiong Liu, and Nicole A Bakas

Subjects
MST1, Hippo signaling pathway, Gene knockdown, Kinase, Chemistry, Cell growth, Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, Myeloid leukemia, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases, Serine-Threonine Kinase 3, In vitro, Article, Serine, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute, Mice, Drug Discovery, Cancer research, Molecular Medicine, Animals, Humans, Female, Hippo Signaling Pathway, Protein Kinase Inhibitors
Abstract

Serine/threonine-protein kinases 3 and 4 (STK3 and STK4, respectively) are key components of the Hippo signaling pathway, which regulates cell proliferation and death and provides a potential therapeutic target for acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Herein, we report the structure-based design of a series of pyrrolopyrimidine derivatives as STK3 and STK4 inhibitors. In an initial screen, the compounds exhibited low nanomolar potency against both STK3 and STK4. Crystallization of compound 6 with STK4 revealed two-point hinge binding in the ATP-binding pocket. Further characterization and analysis demonstrated that compound 20 (SBP-3264) specifically inhibited the Hippo signaling pathway in cultured mammalian cells and possessed favorable pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties in mice. We show that genetic knockdown and pharmacological inhibition of STK3 and STK4 suppress the proliferation of AML cells in vitro. Thus, SBP-3264 is a valuable chemical probe for understanding the roles of STK3 and STK4 in AML and is a promising candidate for further advancement as a potential therapy.

Published
2021

375. Abstract 14033: Inhibition of the Prolyl Isomerase Pin1 Improves Endothelial Function and Attenuates Vascular Remodelling in Pulmonary Hypertension by Inhibiting TGF-β Signalling

Author

Kondababu Kurakula, Quint Hagdorn, Diederik Van Der Feen, anton vonk noordegraaf, Peter Dijke, Rudolf A De Boer, Harm J Bogaard, Marie Jose Goumans, and Rolf M Berger

Subjects
Physiology (medical), Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Abstract

Introduction: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a devastating disease, characterized by obstructive pulmonary vascular remodelling ultimately leading to right ventricular (RV) failure and death. Disturbed transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) / bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signalling, endothelial cell dysfunction, increased proliferation of smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts, and inflammation contribute to this abnormal remodelling. Peptidyl prolyl isomerase Pin1 has been identified as a critical driver of proliferation and inflammation in vascular cells, but its role in the disturbed TGF-β/BMP signalling, endothelial cell dysfunction and vascular remodelling in PAH is unknown. Methods and Results: Pin1 expression is increased in cultured pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (MVECs) and lung tissue of PAH patients. Pin1 inhibitor, juglone significantly decreased TGF-β signalling, increased BMP signalling, normalized their hyper-proliferative, and inflammatory phenotype. Juglone treatment reversed vascular remodelling through reducing TGF-β signalling in monocrotaline + shunt-PAH rat model. Juglone treatment decreased Fulton index, but did not affect or harm cardiac function and remodelling in rats with RV pressure load induced by pulmonary artery banding. Conclusions: Our study demonstrates that inhibition of Pin1 reversed the PAH phenotype in PAH-MVECs in vitro and in PAH rats in vivo, potentially through modulation of TGF-β/BMP signalling pathways. Selective inhibition of Pin1 could be a novel therapeutic option for the treatment of PAH.

Published
2021

376. Abstract 12966: Novel, Low-Volume, Point-of-Care Coagulation Test Successfully Detects Anticoagulation Resistance in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19

Author

Galit H Frydman, rachel P rosovsky, Jarone Lee, Barry M Berger, Dimitrios Papageorgiou, Ryan Mize, Jonathan A Stefely, Bianca B Christensen, Jensyn K Cone Sullivan, Gabriella G Montgomery, John P Barranco, Gregory M Piazza, Michael Laposata, and Elizabeth M Van Cott

Subjects
Physiology (medical), Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Abstract

Introduction: Severe COVID-19 has been associated with aberrant coagulation factor activities, particularly in patients with a thrombotic event (TE). Management of anticoagulant is critical in the care of hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Hypothesis: Evaluation of a point-of-care (POC), functional, clot-time-based coagulation test to detect the anticoagulant effect of therapeutic unfractionated heparin (UFH) in hospitalized SARS-CoV-2-positive patients who developed a TE. Methods: An IRB-approved analysis of 36 citrated plasma specimens from 26 SARS-CoV-2-positive patients and 10 matched negative controls was performed. A Clotting Time Score (CTS), a measure of factor-specific inhibition (i.e. anticoagulant activity), was derived for each patient. CTS results were compared with traditional coagulation tests. Five UFH COVID-19 samples with low CTS scores ( Results: The CTS detected sub-therapeutic UFH anticoagulation levels more frequently in COVID-19 cases compared with controls (76% vs. 17%). Prothrombin Times, activated Partial Thromboplastin Times, anti-Xa levels, and antithrombin activity did not correlate with each other or with the CTS in the COVID-19 samples. CTS correlated with both FV and Factor X activity (R 2 =0.49, Spearman R=-0.68), which form the prothrombinase complex. The CTS was 94% sensitive and 67% specific for the occurrence of TEs in patients on UFH. CTS demonstrated a consistent anticoagulant response only to argatroban (100%) compared with other anticoagulants (60%). Conclusions: The CTS, generated using a novel, low-volume, rapid POC coagulation test is a strong indicator of the therapeutic effect of UFH anticoagulation in COVID-19 patients and may provide a predictive measure of TEs potentially occurring from anticoagulation resistance.

Published
2021

378. Teaching self-regulation

Author

Daniel, Schunk, Eva M, Berger, Henning, Hermes, Kirsten, Winkel, and Ernst, Fehr

Abstract

Children's self-regulation abilities are key predictors of educational success and other life outcomes such as income and health. However, self-regulation is not a school subject, and knowledge about how to generate lasting improvements in self-regulation and academic achievements with easily scalable, low-cost interventions is still limited. Here we report the results of a randomized controlled field study that integrates a short self-regulation teaching unit based on the concept of mental contrasting with implementation intentions into the school curriculum of first graders. We demonstrate that the treatment increases children's skills in terms of impulse control and self-regulation while also generating lasting improvements in academic skills such as reading and monitoring careless mistakes. Moreover, it has a substantial effect on children's long-term school career by increasing the likelihood of enroling in an advanced secondary school track three years later. Thus, self-regulation teaching can be integrated into the regular school curriculum at low cost, is easily scalable, and can substantially improve important abilities and children's educational career path.

Published
2021

379. Expression of the Immune Checkpoint Protein VISTA Is Differentially Regulated by the TGF-β1 - Smad3 Signaling Pathway in Rapidly Proliferating Human Cells and T Lymphocytes

Author

Stephanie, Schlichtner, Inna M, Yasinska, Sabrina, Ruggiero, Steffen M, Berger, Nijas, Aliu, Mateja, Prunk, Janko, Kos, N Helge, Meyer, Bernhard F, Gibbs, Elizaveta, Fasler-Kan, and Vadim V, Sumbayev

Abstract

Immune checkpoint proteins play crucial roles in human embryonic development but are also used by cancer cells to escape immune surveillance. These proteins and biochemical pathways associated with them form a complex machinery capable of blocking the ability of cytotoxic immune lymphoid cells to attack cancer cells and, ultimately, to fully suppress anti-tumor immunity. One of the more recently discovered immune checkpoint proteins is V-domain Ig-containing suppressor of T cell activation (VISTA), which plays a crucial role in anti-cancer immune evasion pathways. The biochemical mechanisms underlying regulation of VISTA expression remain unknown. Here, we report for the first time that VISTA expression is controlled by the transforming growth factor beta type 1 (TGF-β)-Smad3 signaling pathway. However, in T lymphocytes, we found that VISTA expression was differentially regulated by TGF-β depending on their immune profile. Taken together, our results demonstrate the differential biochemical control of VISTA expression in human T cells and various types of rapidly proliferating cells, including cancer cells, fetal cells and keratinocytes.

Published
2021

380. Seasonality and Life History Complexity Determine Vulnerability of Dungeness Crab to Multiple Climate Stressors

Author

Isaac C. Kaplan, Halle M. Berger, Emily L. Norton, Emma E. Hodgson, Simone R. Alin, Darren J. Pilcher, Samantha A. Siedlecki, Jan Newton, and Catherine M. Matassa

Subjects
Vulnerability assessment, Ecology, Stressor, medicine, Vulnerability, Environmental science, Hypoxia (environmental), Ocean acidification, General Medicine, Fisheries management, Seasonality, Life history, medicine.disease
Published
2021

381. Glycemic Variability Within 1 Year Following Surgery for Stage II–III Colon Cancer

Author

Natalie Mandolfo, Leeza Struwe, Sean J. Langenfeld, Whitney S. Goldner, Ann M. Berger, Marilyn J. Hammer, Kelsey Klute, and Kathleen M. Hanna

Subjects
Adult, Blood Glucose, Glycated Hemoglobin, medicine.medical_specialty, Research and Theory, business.industry, Colorectal cancer, Coefficient of variation, Type 2 diabetes, Articles, medicine.disease, Surgery, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Colon surgery, Diabetes mellitus, Hyperglycemia, Colonic Neoplasms, Medicine, Humans, Mass index, Prospective Studies, business, Prospective cohort study, Glycemic, Retrospective Studies
Abstract

Objective: To examine glycemic variability within 1 month and 1 year following surgery among adult patients, with and without Type 2 Diabetes (T2D), treated for stage II-III colon cancer. Method: A retrospective analysis of electronic health record data was conducted. Glycemic variability (i.e., standard deviation [SD] and coefficient of variation [CV] of > 2 blood glucose measures) was assessed within 1 month and within 1 year following colon surgery. Chi-square (χ2), Fisher’s exact, and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for the analyses. Results: Among the sample of 165 patients with stage II–III colon cancer, those with T2D had higher glycemic variability compared to patients without T2D ( p < .001), with values within 1 month following surgery (SD = 44.69 mg/dL, CV = 27.4%) vs (SD = 20.55 mg/dL, CV = 17.53%); and within 1 year following surgery (SD = 45.04 mg/dL, CV = 29.04%) vs (SD = 21.36 mg/dL, CV = 18.6%). Associations were found between lower body mass index and higher glycemic variability (i.e., SD [r = −.413, p < .05] and CV [r = −.481, p < .01]) within 1 month following surgery in patients with T2D. Higher preoperative glucose was associated with higher glycemic variability (i.e., SD r = .448, p < .01) within 1 year in patients with T2D. Demographic and clinical characteristics were weakly associated with glycemic variability in patients without T2D. Conclusions: Patients with stage II–III colon cancer with T2D experienced higher glycemic variability within 1 month and within 1 year following surgery compared to those without T2D. Associations between glycemic variability and demographic and clinical characteristics differed by T2D status. Further research in prospective studies is warranted.

Published
2021

382. Energy deficit is clinically relevant for critically ill patients: yes

Author

Claude Pichard, Taku Oshima, and Mette M. Berger

Subjects
ddc:616, medicine.medical_specialty, Critically ill, business.industry, Nutritional Support, Pain medicine, Critical Illness, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, Intensive Care Units, Anesthesiology, medicine, Humans, Energy deficit, Intensive care medicine, business, Energy Metabolism
Published
2021

383. Cardiac arrhythmias 3 months after hospitalization for COVID-19

Author

J Grimsmo, Torbjørn Omland, D Trebinjac, Charlotte Bjork Ingul, Albulena Mecinaj, Knut Stavem, T Jensen, T Josefsen, S Andrup, and M Berger Nossen

Subjects
Persistence (psychology), medicine.medical_specialty, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Cardiac troponin measurement, business.industry, medicine.disease, Bigeminy, Internal medicine, Heart failure, cardiovascular system, Cardiology, medicine, cardiovascular diseases, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Prospective cohort study, Atrioventricular block
Abstract

Background The long-term frequencies of cardiac arrhythmias in hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients have not been thoroughly investigated. Purpose To describe the prevalence of cardiac arrhythmias, 3–4 months after hospitalization for COVID-19. Methods and results Participants with COVID-19 discharged from five large Norwegian hospitals were invited to participate in a prospective cohort study. We examined 201 participants (44% females, mean age 58.5 years) with 24-hour electrocardiogram 3–4 months after discharge. Body mass index (BMI) was 28.3±4.5 kg/m2 (mean ± SD), and obesity (BMI >30) was found in 70 participants (34%). Clinically significant arrhythmias were defined as; ventricular tachycardia (non-sustained or sustained), premature ventricular contractions (PVC) exceeding 200/24 h, or coupled PVC, atrial fibrillation/flutter, second-degree atrioventricular block (AV-block) type 2, complete AV-block, sinoatrial (SA) block exceeding 3 s, premature AV-nodal beats in bigeminy, supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) exceeding 30 s, and sinus bradycardia with less than 30 beats/min. High-sensitive cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) was measured at the 3-month follow-up. Results Cardiac arrhythmias were found in 27% (n=54) of the participants. Ventricular premature contractions and non-sustained ventricular tachycardia were the most common arrhythmias, found in 22% (n=44) of the participants. Premature ventricular contractions were the most frequent cardiac arrhythmia. More than 200 PVCs per day were observed in 37 participants (18%) with a mean of 1300 PVC/day, and in 35 (95%) of these participants, the PVCs were polymorphic. Among 10 patients experiencing NSVT, 5 participants had previous CVD, including coronary heart disease (n=1), 1 atrial fibrillation, 2 venous thromboembolism, 4 heart failure. Atrial fibrillation was found in seven patients (3%), none of them of new-onset. SA block >3 seconds was only observed in one patient, and no incidence of high degree AV block was discovered. Pre-existing cardiovascular disease or hypertension (CVDH) were reported in 40% (n=81) of the participants. The CVDH group had an increased amount of arrhythmia compared to the group free of CVDH (p=0.04). High PVCs showed a fair correlation with hs-cTnT levels at 3 months (ρ=0.21 p=0.048). Conclusions Three months following hospital discharge with COVID-19, cardiac arrhythmia was found in every fourth participant and was associated with a higher concentration of hs-cTnT at 3 months. The clinical implications of persistent ventricular arrhythmia following COVID-19 is not clear, but ventricular ectopy has been linked to increased risk of cardiac disease, including cardiomyopathy and sudden cardiac death. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: Public Institution(s). Main funding source(s): The National Association for Heart, Lung diseases and the Norwegian Health Association and Akershus University Hospital.

Published
2021

384. Humoral Immune Response in Hematooncological Patients and Health Care Workers Who Received SARS-CoV-2 Vaccinations

Author

Thorsten Fuereder, Matthias Preusser, G. Ortmayr, Dominic Fong, Manfred Mitterer, Helmuth Haslacher, Julia M. Berger, Wolfgang Lamm, Selma Tobudic, Hannah Christina Puhr, Ariane Steindl, Markus Raderer, Thomas Perkmann, Maximilian J. Mair, Robert Strassl, Angelika M. Starzer, and Anna S. Berghoff

Subjects
Adult, Male, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, COVID-19 Vaccines, medicine.medical_treatment, Health Personnel, Cohort Studies, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Prospective Studies, Seroconversion, Aged, Retrospective Studies, Original Investigation, Chemotherapy, biology, business.industry, SARS-CoV-2, Vaccination, Cancer, COVID-19, Retrospective cohort study, medicine.disease, Immunity, Humoral, Oncology, Immunization, biology.protein, Female, Antibody, business, Cohort study
Abstract

Importance: To our knowledge, little is known about antibody development after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in immunocompromised individuals, such as patients with cancer. Objective: To determine whether hematooncological patients develop anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies after vaccination. Design, Setting, and Participants: This retrospective cohort study included 2 independent cohorts of patients who were treated for hematological and solid malignant tumors between October 2020 and May 2021, comprising 901 samples from 595 patients and 58 health care workers (HCWs). Serum samples were collected from patients who were treated at an academic center and a community hospital in a rural area and a control group of HCWs, all of whom received SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Main Outcomes and Measures: Total anti-SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (anti-NC) and antispike protein (anti-S) antibodies were measured retrospectively. Results: In total, 595 patients (320 women [53.8%] and 275 men [46.2%]; median [range] age, 67 [19-96] years) and 58 HCWs (40 women [69.0%] and 18 men [31.0%]; median [range] age, 42 [24-60] years) were included. Previous SARS-CoV-2 infection was documented in 43 of 595 (7.2%), while anti-NC antibodies that suggested previous infections were observed in 49 of 573 evaluable patients (8.6%). In both cohorts, anti-S antibody levels were higher in fully vaccinated patients compared with patients who received 1 dose. After the first vaccination, patients with hematological cancer who received B cell-targeting agents had lower anti-S levels (median, 1.6 AU/mL; range: 0-17 244 AU/mL) than patients who received other therapies (median, 191.6 AU/mL; range, 0-40 000; P < .001) or patients with solid tumors (median, 246.4 AU/mL; range, 0-40 000 AU/mL; P < .001). Anti-S levels after the first vaccination differed according to ongoing antineoplastic treatment modalities, with the lowest median levels in patients who received chemotherapy alone (157.7 AU/mL; range, 0-40 000 AU/mL) or in combination with immunotherapy (118.7 AU/mL; range, 14.1-38 727 AU/mL) and the highest levels in patients with no ongoing antineoplastic treatment (median, 634.3 AU/mL; range, 0-40 000 AU/mL; P = .01). Antibody levels after full immunization were higher in HCWs (median, 2500 U/mL; range, 485-2500 U/mL) than in patients with cancer (median, 117.0 U/mL; range, 0-2500 U/mL; P < .001). Conclusions and Relevance: In this cohort study of patients with hematooncological diseases and a control group of HCWs, anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies after vaccination could be detected in patients with cancer. Lower antibody levels compared with HCWs and differences in seroconversion in specific subgroups underscore the need for further studies on SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in patients with hematooncological disease.

Published
2021

387. Using Probabilistic Movement Primitives in Analyzing Human Motion Differences Under Transcranial Current Stimulation

Author

Honghu Xue, Rebecca Herzog, Till M. Berger, Tobias Bäumer, Anne Weissbach, and Elmar Rueckert

Subjects
FOS: Computer and information sciences, Computer Science - Machine Learning, transcranial current stimulation, Computer science, Feature extraction, Motion (physics), Machine Learning (cs.LG), Computer Science - Robotics, Artificial Intelligence, TJ1-1570, Mechanical engineering and machinery, Original Research, Robotics and AI, finger tapping motion, business.industry, Probabilistic logic, probabilistic movement primitives, Pattern recognition, QA75.5-76.95, Computer Science Applications, machine learning, Feature (computer vision), Electronic computers. Computer science, Frequency domain, Trajectory, Domain knowledge, Noise (video), Artificial intelligence, business, Robotics (cs.RO), human motion analysis
Abstract

In medical tasks such as human motion analysis, computer-aided auxiliary systems have become the preferred choice for human experts for their high efficiency. However, conventional approaches are typically based on user-defined features such as movement onset times, peak velocities, motion vectors, or frequency domain analyses. Such approaches entail careful data post-processing or specific domain knowledge to achieve a meaningful feature extraction. Besides, they are prone to noise and the manual-defined features could hardly be re-used for other analyses. In this paper, we proposed probabilistic movement primitives (ProMPs), a widely-used approach in robot skill learning, to model human motions. The benefit of ProMPs is that the features are directly learned from the data and ProMPs can capture important features describing the trajectory shape, which can easily be extended to other tasks. Distinct from previous research, where classification tasks are mostly investigated, we applied ProMPs together with a variant of Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence to quantify the effect of different transcranial current stimulation methods on human motions. We presented an initial result with 10 participants. The results validate ProMPs as a robust and effective feature extractor for human motions.

Published
2021

388. Common, low-frequency, rare, and ultra-rare coding variants contribute to COVID-19 severity

Author

Fallerini, Chiara, Picchiotti, Nicola, Baldassarri, Margherita, Zguro, Kristina, Daga, Sergio, Fava, Francesca, Benetti, Elisa, Amitrano, Sara, Bruttini, Mirella, Palmieri, Maria, Croci, Susanna, Lista, Mirjam, Beligni, Giada, Valentino, Floriana, Meloni, Ilaria, Tanfoni, Marco, Minnai, Francesca, Colombo, Francesca, Cabri, Enrico, Fratelli, Maddalena, Gabbi, Chiara, Mantovani, Stefania, Frullanti, Elisa, Gori, Marco, Crawley, Francis P, Butler-Laporte, Guillaume, Richards, Brent, Zeberg, Hugo, Lipcsey, Miklos, Hultström, Michael, Ludwig, Kerstin U, Schulte, Eva C, Pairo-Castineira, Erola, Baillie, John Kenneth, Schmidt, Axel, Frithiof, Robert, Mari, Francesca, Renieri, Alessandra, Furini, Simone Simone Furini, Francesca, Montagnani, Mario, Tumbarello, Ilaria, Rancan, Massimiliano, Fabbiani, Barbara, Rossetti, Laura, Bergantini, Miriana, D'Alessandro, Paolo, Cameli, David, Bennett, Federico, Anedda, Simona, Marcantonio, Sabino, Scolletta, Federico, Franchi, Maria Antonietta Mazzei, Susanna, Guerrini, Edoardo, Conticini, Luca, Cantarini, Bruno, Frediani, Danilo, Tacconi, Chiara Spertilli Raffaelli, Marco, Feri, Alice, Donati, Raffaele, Scala, Luca, Guidelli, Genni, Spargi, Marta, Corridi, Cesira, Nencioni, Leonardo, Croci, Gian Piero Caldarelli, Maurizio, Spagnesi, Davide, Romani, Paolo, Piacentini, Maria, Bandini, Elena, Desanctis, Silvia, Cappelli, Anna, Canaccini, Agnese, Verzuri, Valentina, Anemoli, Manola, Pisani, Agostino, Ognibene, Alessandro, Pancrazzi, Maria, Lorubbio, Massimo, Vaghi, Antonella, D 'Arminio Monforte, Federica Gaia Miraglia, Mario, U Mondelli, Massimo, Girardis, Sophie, Venturelli, Stefano, Busani, Andrea, Cossarizza, Andrea, Antinori, Alessandra, Vergori, Arianna, Emiliozzi, Stefano, Rusconi, Matteo, Siano, Arianna, Gabrieli, Agostino, Riva, Daniela, Francisci, Elisabetta, Schiaroli, Francesco, Paciosi, Andrea, Tommasi, Pier Giorgio Scotton, Francesca, Andretta, Sandro, Panese, Stefano, Baratti, Renzo, Scaggiante, Francesca, Gatti, Saverio Giuseppe Parisi, Francesco, Castelli, Eugenia, Quiros-Roldan, Melania Degli Antoni, Isabella, Zanella, Matteo Della Monica, Carmelo, Piscopo, Mario, Capasso, Roberta, Russo, Immacolata, Andolfo, Achille, Iolascon, Giuseppe, Fiorentino, Massimo, Carella, Marco, Castori, Filippo, Aucella, Pamela, Raggi, Rita, Perna, Matteo, Bassetti, Antonio Di Biagio, Maurizio, Sanguinetti, Luca, Masucci, Alessandra, Guarnaccia, Serafina, Valente, Oreste De Vivo, Gabriella, Doddato, Rossella, Tita, Annarita, Giliberti, Maria Antonietta Mencarelli, Caterina Lo Rizzo, Anna Maria Pinto, Valentina, Perticaroli, Francesca, Ariani, Miriam Lucia Carriero, Laura Di Sarno, Diana, Alaverdian, Elena, Bargagli, Marco, Mandalà, Alessia, Giorli, Lorenzo, Salerni, Patrizia, Zucchi, Pierpaolo, Parravicini, Elisabetta, Menatti, Tullio, Trotta, Ferdinando, Giannattasio, Gabriella, Coiro, Fabio, Lena, Leonardo Gianluca Lacerenza, Domenico, A Coviello, Cristina, Mussini, Enrico, Martinelli, Sandro, Mancarella, Luisa, Tavecchia, Mary Ann Belli, Lia, Crotti, Gianfranco, Parati, Maurizio, Sanarico, Francesco, Raimondi, Filippo, Biscarini, Alessandra, Stella, Marco, Rizzi, Franco, Maggiolo, Diego, Ripamonti, Claudia, Suardi, Tiziana, Bachetti, Maria Teresa La Rovere, Simona, Sarzi-Braga, Maurizio, Bussotti, Katia, Capitani, Simona, Dei, Sabrina, Ravaglia, Rosangela, Artuso, Elena, Andreucci, Giulia, Gori, Angelica, Pagliazzi, Erika, Fiorentini, Antonio, Perrella, Francesco, Bianchi, Paola, Bergomi, Emanuele, Catena, Riccardo, Colombo, Sauro, Luchi, Giovanna, Morelli, Paola, Petrocelli, Sarah, Iacopini, Sara, Modica, Silvia, Baroni, Francesco Vladimiro Segala, Francesco, Menichetti, Marco, Falcone, Giusy, Tiseo, Chiara, Barbieri, Tommaso, Matucci, Grassi, Davide, Ferri, Claudio, Marinangeli, Franco, Brancati, Francesco, Antonella, Vincenti, Valentina, Borgo, Lombardi, Stefania, Mirco, Lenzi, Massimo Antonio Di Pietro, Francesca, Vichi, Benedetta, Romanin, Letizia, Attala, Cecilia, Costa, Andrea, Gabbuti, Menè, Roberto, Umberto, Zuccon, Lucia, Vietri, Stefano, Ceri, Pietro, Pinoli, Patrizia, Casprini, Giuseppe, Merla, Gabriella Maria Squeo, Marcello, Maffezzoni, Raffaele, Bruno, Marco, Vecchia, Marta, Colaneri, Serena, Ludovisi, Yanara, Marincevic-Zuniga, Jessica, Nordlund, Tomas, Luther, Anders, Larsson, Katja Hanslin Anna Gradin, Sarah, Galien, Sara Bulow Anderberg, Jacob, Rosén, Sten, Rubertsson, Hugo, Zeberg, Robert, Frithiof, Miklós, Lipcsey, Michael, Hultström, Sara Clohisey Peter Horby, Johnny, Millar, Julian, Knight, Hugh, Montgomery, David, Maslove, Lowell, Ling, Alistair, Nichol, Charlotte, Summers, Tim, Walsh, Charles, Hinds, Malcolm, G Semple, Peter J, M Openshaw, Manu, Shankar-Hari, Antonia, Ho, Danny, Mcauley, Chris, Ponting, Kathy, Rowan, J Kenneth Baillie, Fiona, Griffiths, Wilna, Oosthuyzen, Jen, Meikle, Paul, Finernan, James, Furniss, Ellie, Mcmaster, Andy, Law, Sara, Clohisey, Trevor, Paterson, Tony, Wackett, Ruth, Armstrong, Lee, Murphy, Angie, Fawkes, Richard, Clark, Audrey, Coutts, Lorna, Donnelly, Tammy, Gilchrist, Katarzyna, Hafezi, Louise, Macgillivray, Alan, Maclean, Sarah, Mccafferty, Kirstie, Morrice, Jane, Weaver, Ceilia, Boz, Ailsa, Golightly, Mari, Ward, Hanning, Mal, Helen, Szoor-McElhinney, Adam, Brown, Ross, Hendry, Andrew, Stenhouse, Louise, Cullum, Dawn, Law, Sarah, Law, Rachel, Law, Max Head Fourman, Maaike, Swets, Nicky, Day, Filip, Taneski, Esther, Duncan, Marie, Zechner, Nicholas, Parkinson, Erola, Pairo-Castineira, Lucija, Klaric, Andrew, D Bretherick, Konrad, Rawlik, Dorota, Pasko, Susan, Walker, Nick, Parkinson, Clark, D Russell, Anne, Richmond, Elvina, Gountouna, David, Harrison, Wang, Bo, Yang, Wu, Alison, Meynert, Athanasios, Kousathanas, Loukas, Moutsianas, Zhijian, Yang, Ranran, Zhai, Chenqing, Zheng, Graeme, Grimes, Jonathan, Millar, Barbara, Shih, Jian, Yang, Xia, Shen, Chris, P Ponting, Albert, Tenesa, Andrew, Law, Veronique, Vitart, James, F Wilson, Collier, D, Wood, S, Zak, A, Borra, C, Matharu, M, May, P, Alldis, Z, Mitchelmore, O, Bowles, R, Easthorpe, A, Bibi, F, Lancoma-Malcolm, I, Gurasashvili, J, Pheby, J, Shiel, J, Bolton, M, Patel, M, Taylor, M, Zongo, O, Ebano, P, Harding, P, Astin-Chamberlain, R, Choudhury, Y, Cox, A, Kallon, D, Burton, M, Hall, R, Blowes, S, Prime, Z, Biddle, J, Prysyazhna, O, Newman, T, Tierney, C, Kassam, J, Shankar-Hari, M, Ostermann, M, Campos, S, Bociek, A, Lim, R, Grau, N, O Jones, T, Whitton, C, Marotti, M, Arbane, G, Bonner, S, Hugill, K, Reid, J, Welters, I, Waugh, V, Williams, K, Shaw, D, J Fernandez Roman, M Lopez Martinez, Johnson, E, Waite, A, Johnson, B, Hamilton, O, Mulla, S, Mcphail, M, Smith, J, K Baillie, J, Barclay, L, Hope, D, Mcculloch, C, Mcquillan, L, Clark, S, Singleton, J, Priestley, K, Rea, N, Callaghan, M, Campbell, R, Andrew, G, Marshall, L, Mckechnie, S, Hutton, P, Bashyal, A, Davidson, N, Summers, C, Polgarova, P, Stroud, K, Pathan, N, Elston, K, Agrawal, S, Battle, C, Newey, L, Rees, T, Harford, R, Brinkworth, E, Williams, M, Murphy, C, White, I, Croft, M, Bandla, N, Gellamucho, M, Tomlinson, J, Turner, H, Davies, M, Quinn, A, Hussain, I, Thompson, C, Parker, H, Bradley, R, Griffiths, R, Scriven, J, Gill, J, Puxty, A, Cathcart, S, Salutous, D, Turner, L, Duffy, K, Puxty, K, Joseph, A, Herdman-Grant, R, Simms, R, Swain, A, Naranjo, A, Crowe, R, Sollesta, K, Loveridge, A, Baptista, D, Morino, E, Davey, M, Golden, D, Jones, J, J Moreno Cuesta, Haldeos, A, Bakthavatsalam, D, Vincent, R, Elhassan, M, Xavier, K, Ganesan, A, Purohit, D, Abdelrazik, M, Morgan, J, Akeroyd, L, Bano, S, Warren, D, Bromley, M, Sellick, K, Gurr, L, Wilkinson, B, Nagarajan, V, Szedlak, P, Cupitt, J, Stoddard, E, Benham, L, Preston, S, Slawson, N, Bradshaw, Z, Brown, J, Caswell, M, Smelling, Bamford, P, Faulkner, M, Cawley, K, Jeffrey, H, London, E, Sainsbury, H, Nagra, I, Nasir, F, Dunmore, Ce, Jones, R, Abraheem, A, Al-Moasseb, M, Girach, R, Brantwood, C, Alexander, P, Bradley-Potts, J, Allen, S, Felton, T, Manna, S, Farnell-Ward, S, Leaver, S, Queiroz, J, Maccacari, E, Dawson, D, C Castro Delgado, R Pepermans Saluzzio, Ezeobu, O, Ding, L, Sicat, C, Kanu, R, Durrant, G, Texeira, J, Harrison, A, Samakomva, T, Willis, H, Hopkins, B, Thrasyvoulou, L, Jackson, M, Zaki, A, Tibke, C, Bennett, S, Woodyatt, W, Kent, A, Goodwin, E, Brandwood, C, Clark, R, Smith, L, Rooney, K, Thomson, N, Rodden, N, Hughes, E, Mcglynn, D, Clark, C, Clark, P, Abel, L, Sundaram, R, Gemmell, L, Brett, M, Hornsby, J, Macgoey, P, Price, R, Digby, B, O'Neil, P, Mcconnell, P, Henderson, P, Henderson, S, Sim, M, Kennedy-Hay, S, Mcparland, C, Rooney, L, Baxter, N, Pogson, D, Rose, S, Daly, Z, Brimfield, L, K Phull, M, Hussain, M, Pogreban, T, Rosaroso, L, E Salciute, L Grauslyte, Brealey, D, Wraith, E, Maccallum, N, Bercades, G, Hass, I, Smyth, D, Reyes, A, Martir, G, D Clement, I, Webster, K, Hays, C, Gulati, A, Hodgson, L, Margarson, M, Gomez, R, Baird, Y, Thirlwall, Y, Folkes, L, Butler, A, Meadows, E, Moore, S, Raynard, D, Fox, H, Riddles, L, King, K, Kimber, S, Hobden, G, Mccarthy, A, Cannons, V, Balagosa, I, Chadbourn, I, Gardner, A, Horner, D, Mclaughlanv, D, Charles, B, Proudfoot, N, Marsden, T, L Mc Morrow, Blackledge, B, Pendlebury, J, Harvey, A, Apetri, E, Basikolo, C, Catlow, L, Doonan, R, Knowles, K, Lee, S, Lomas, D, Lyons, C, Perez, J, Poulaka, M, Slaughter, M, Slevin, K, Thomas, V, Walker, D, Harris, J, Drummond, A, Tully, R, Dearden, J, Philbin, J, Munt, S, Rishton, C, O'Connor, G, Mulcahy, M, Dobson, E, Cuttler, J, Edward, M, Rose, A, Sloan, B, Buckley, S, Brooke, H, Smithson, E, Charlesworth, R, Sandu, R, Thirumaran, M, Wagstaff, V, J Cebrian Suarez, Kaliappan, A, Vertue, M, Nicholson, A, Riches, J, Solesbury, A, Kittridge, L, Forsey, M, Maloney, G, Cole, J, Davies, R, Hill, H, Thomas, E, Williams, A, Duffin, D, Player, B, Radhakrishnan, J, Gibson, S, Lyle, A, Mcneela, F, Patel, B, Gummadi, M, Sloane, G, Dormand, N, Salmi, S, Farzad, Z, Cristiano, D, Liyanage, K, Thwaites, V, Varghese, M, Meredith, M, Mills, G, Willson, J, Harrington, K, Lenagh, B, Cawthron, K, Masuko, S, Raithatha, A, Bauchmuller, K, Ahmad, N, Barker, J, Jackson, Y, Kibutu, F, Bird, S, Watson, G, Martin, J, Bevan, E, C Wrey Brown, Trodd, D, English, K, Bell, G, Wilcox, L, Katary, A, Gopal, S, Lake, V, Harris, N, Metherell, S, Radford, E, Moore, F, Bancroft, H, Daglish, J, Sangombe, M, Carmody, M, Rhodes, J, Bellamy, M, Garg, A, Kuravi, A, Virgilio, E, Ranga, P, Butler, J, Botfield, L, Dexter, C, Fletcher, J, Shanmugasundaram, P, Hambrook, G, Burn, I, Manso, K, Thornton, D, Tebbutt, J, Penn, R, Hulme, J, Hussain, S, Maqsood, Z, Joseph, S, Colley, J, Hayes, A, Ahmed, C, Haque, R, Clamp, S, Kumar, R, Purewal, M, Baines, B, Frise, M, Jacques, N, Coles, H, Caterson, J, S Gurung Rai, Brunton, M, Tilney, E, Keating, L, Walden, A, Antcliffe, D, Gordon, A, Templeton, M, Rojo, R, Banach, D, S Sousa Arias, Fernandez, Z, Coghlan, P, Williams, D, Jardine, C, Bewley, J, Sweet, K, Grimmer, L, Johnson, R, Garland, Z, 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Duncan, T, Uriel, A, Ustianowski, A, T-Michael, H, Bruce, M, Connolly, K, Smith, K, Partridge, R, Griffin, D, Mcdonald, M, Muchenje, N, Martin, D, Filipe, H, Eastgate, C, Jackson, C, Gratrix, A, Foster, L, Martinson, V, Stones, E, Caroline, Abernathy, Parkinson, P, Reed, A, Prendergast, C, Rogers, P, Woodruff, M, Shokkar, R, Kaul, S, Barron, A, Collins, C, Beavis, S, Whileman, A, Dale, K, Hawes, J, Pritchard, K, Gascoyne, R, Stevenson, L, Jha, R, Lim, L, Krishnamurthy, V, Parker, R, Turner-Bone, I, Wilding, L, Reddy, A, Whiteley, S, Wilby, E, Howcroft, C, Aspinwall, A, Charlton, S, Ogg, B, Menzies, D, Pugh, R, Allan, E, Lean, R, Davies, F, Easton, J, Qiu, X, Kumar, S, Darlington, K, Houston, G, O'Brien, P, Geary, T, Allan, J, Meikle, A, Hughes, G, Balasubramaniam, M, Latham, S, Mckenna, E, Flanagan, R, Sathe, S, Davies, E, Chablani, M, Kirkby, A, Netherton, K, Archer, S, Yates, B, Ashbrook-Raby, C, Cole, S, Casey, M, Cabrelli, L, Chapman, S, Austin, P, Hutcheon, A, Whyte, C, Almaden-Boyle, C, Pattison, N, Cruz, C, Vochin, A, Kent, H, Thomas, A, Murdoch, S, David, B, Penacerrada, M, Lubimbi, G, Bastion, V, Wulandari, R, Valentine, J, Clarke, D, Serrano-Ruiz, A, Hierons, S, Ramos, L, Demetriou, C, Mitchard, S, White, K, White, N, Pitts, S, Branney, D, Frankham, J, Watters, M, Langton, H, Prout, R, Page, V, Varghes, T, Cowton, A, Kay, A, Potts, K, Birt, M, Kent, M, Wilkinson, A, Jude, E, Turner, V, Savill, H, Mccormick, J, Coulding, M, Siddiqui, S, Mercer, O, Rehman, H, Potla, D, Capps, N, Donaldson, D, Button, H, Martin, T, Hard, K, Agasou, A, Tonks, L, Arden, T, Boyle, P, Carnahan, M, Strickley, J, Adams, C, Childs, D, Rikunenko, R, Leigh, M, Breekes, M, Wilcox, R, Bowes, A, Tiveran, H, Hurford, F, Summers, J, Carter, A, Hussain, Y, Ting, L, Javaid, A, Motherwell, N, Moore, H, Millward, H, Jose, S, Schunki, N, Noakes, A, Clulow, C, Sadera, G, Jacob, R, Jones, C, Blunt, M, Coton, Z, Curgenven, H, S Mohamed Ally, Beaumont, K, Elsaadany, M, Fernandes, K, I Ali Mohamed Ali, Rangarajan, H, Sarathy, V, Selvanayagam, S, Vedage, D, White, M, Smith, M, Truman, N, Chukkambotla, S, Keith, S, Cockerill-Taylor, J, Ryan-Smith, J, Bolton, R, Springle, P, Dykes, J, Thomas, J, Khan, M, T Hijazi, M, Massey, E, Croston, G, Reschreiter, H, Camsooksai, J, Patch, S, Jenkins, S, Humphrey, C, Wadams, B, Bhatia, N, Msiska, M, Adanini, O, Attwood, B, Parsons, P, Tatham, K, Jhanji, S, Black, E, A Dela Rosa, Howle, R, Thomas, B, Bemand, T, Raobaikady, R, Saha, R, Staines, N, Daniel, A, Finn, J, Hutter, J, Doble, P, Shovelton, C, Pawley, C, Kannan, T, Hill, M, Combes, E, Monnery, S, Joefield, T, Popescu, M, Thankachen, M, Oblak, M, Little, J, Mcivor, S, Brady, A, Whittle, H, Prady, H, Chan, R, Ahmed, A, Morris, A, Gibson, C, Gordon, E, Keenan, S, Quinn, H, Benyon, S, Marriott, S, Zitter, L, Park, L, Baines, K, Lyons, M, Holland, M, Keenan, N, Young, M, Garrioch, S, Dawson, J, Tolson, M, Scholefield, B, R, Bi, Richardson, N, Schumacher, N, Cosier, T, Millen, G, Higham, A, Turki, S, Allen, L, Crisp, N, Hazleton, T, Knight, A, Deery, J, Price, C, Turney, S, Tilbey, S, Beranova, E, Wright, D, Georg, L, Twiss, S, Wadd, S, Postlethwaite, K, Gondo, P, Masunda, B, Kayani, A, Hadebe, B, Whiteside, J, Clarke, N, Donnison, P, Trim, F, Leadbitter, I, Butcher, D, O'Sullivan, S, Purewal, B, Bell, S, Rivers', V, O'Leary, R, Birch, J, Collins, E, Anderson, S, Hammerton, K, Andrews, E, Burns, K, Edmond, I, Todd, A, Donnachie, J, Turner, P, Prentice, L, Symon, L, Runciman, N, Auld, F, Halkes, M, Mercer, P, Thornton, L, Debreceni, G, Wilkins, J, Brown, A, Crickmore, V, Subramanian, G, Marshall, R, Jennings, C, Latif, M, Bunni, L, Spivey, M, Bean, S, Burt, K, Linnett, V, Ritzema, J, Sanderson, A, Mccormick, W, Bokhari, M, Kapoor, R, Loader, D, Ayers, A, Harrison, W, North, J, Belagodu, Z, Parasomthy, R, Olufuwa, O, Gherman, A, Fuller, B, Stuart, C, Kelsall, O, Davis, C, Wild, L, Wood, H, Thrush, J, Durie, A, Austin', K, Archer, K, Anderson, P, Vigurs, C, Thorpe, C, Knights, E, Boyle, N, Price, A, Kubisz-Pudelko, A, Wood, D, Lewis, A, Board, S, Pippard, L, Perry, J, Beesley, K, Rattray, A, Lee, E, Lennon, L, Douglas, K, Bell, D, Boyle, R, Glass, L, M Nauman Akhtar, Dent, K, Potoczna, D, Pearson, S, Horsley, E, Spencer, S, Mullan, D, Skinner, D, Gaylard, J, Ortiz-Ruizdegordoa, L, Barber, R, Hewitt, C, Hilldrith, A, Shepardson, S, Wills, M, Jackson-Lawrence, K, Gupta, A, Easthope, A, Timlick, E, Gorman, C, Otaha, I, Gales, A, Coetzee, S, Raj, M, Peiu, M, Quaid, S, Watson, E, Elliott, K, Mallinson, J, Chandler, B, Turnbull, A, Finch, C, Holl, C, Cooper, J, Evans, A, Khaliq, W, Collins, A, E Treus Gude, Love, N, L van Koutrik, Hunt, J, Kaye, D, Fisher, E, Brayne, A, Tuckey, V, Jackson, P, Parkin, J, Raith, E, Tariq, A, Houlden, H, Tucci, A, Hardy, J, Moncur, E, Highgate, J, Cowley, A, Mitra, A, Stead, R, Behan, T, Burnett, C, Newton, M, Heeney, E, Pollard, R, Hatton, J, Patel, A, Kasipandian, V, Allibone, S, M Genetu, R, Otahal, I, O'Brien, L, Omar, Z, Perkins, E, Davies, K, Tetla, D, Shelley, B, Irvine, V, Williams, S, Williams, P, Goodsell, J, Tutton, R, Bough, L, Winter-Goodwin, B, Kitson, R, Pinnell, J, Wilson, A, Nortcliffe, T, Wood, T, Home, M, Holdroyd, K, Robinson, M, Shaw, R, Greig, J, Brady, M, Haigh, A, Matupe, L, Usher, M, Mellor, S, Dale, S, Gledhill, L, Shaw, L, Turner, G, Kelly, D, Anwar, B, Riley, H, Sturgeon, H, Ali, A, Thomis, L, Melia, D, Dance, A, Hanson, K, Humphreys, S, Frost, I, Gopal, V, Godden, J, Holden, A, Swann, S, Smith, T, Clapham, M, Poultney, U, Harper, R, Rice, P, Reece-Anthony, R, Gurung, B, Moultrie, S, Odam, M, Mayer, A, Bellini, A, Pickard, A, Bryant, J, Roe, N, Sowter, J, Lang, K, Taylor, J, Barry, P, Hobrok, M, Tench, H, Wolf-Roberts, R, Mcguinness, H, Loosley, R, Hawcutt, D, Rad, L, O'Malley, L, Saunderson, P, Seddon, G, Anderson, T, Rogers, N, Ruddy, J, Harkins, M, Beith, C, Mcalpine, A, Ferguson, L, Grant, P, Macfadyen, S, Mclaughlin, M, Baird, T, Rundell, S, Welsh, B, Hamill, R, Fisher, F, Gregory, J, Axel, Schmidt, Kerstin, U Ludwig, Selina, Rolker, Markus, M Nöthen, Julia, Fazaal, Verena, Keitel, Björn, Jensen, Torsten, Feldt, Lisa, Knopp, Julia, Schröder, Carlo, Maj, Fabian, Brand, Marc, M Berger, Thorsten, Brenner, Anke, Hinney, Oliver, Witzke, Robert, Bals, Christian, Herr, Nicole, Ludwig, Jörn, Walter, Jochen, Schneider, Johanna, Erber, Christoph, D Spinner, Clemens, M Wendtner, Christof, Winter, Ulrike, Protzer, Nicolas, Casadei, Stephan, Ossowski, Olaf, H Riess, Eva, C Schulte, J Brent Richards, Guillaume, Butler-Laporte, Mirosław, Kwasniewski, Urszula, Korotko, Karolina, Chwialkowska, Magdalena, Niemira, Jerzy, Jaroszewicz, Barbara, Sobala-Szczygiel, Beata, Puzanowska, Anna, Parfieniuk-Kowerda, Diana, Martonik, Anna, Moniuszko-Malinowska, Sławomir, Pancewicz, Dorota, Zarębska-Michaluk, Krzysztof, Simon, Monika, Pazgan-Simon, Iwona, Mozer-Lisewska, Maciej, Bura, Agnieszka, Adamek, Krzysztof Tomasiewicz Małgorzata Pawłowska, Anna, Piekarska, Aleksandra, Berkan-Kawinska, Andrzej, Horban, Justyna, Kowalska, Regina, Podlasin, Piotr, Wasilewski, Arsalin, Azzadin, Miroslaw, Czuczwar, Slawomir, Czaban, Paweł, Olszewski, Jacek, Bogocz, Magdalena, Ochab, Anna, Kruk, Sandra, Uszok, Agnieszka, Bielska, Anna, Szałkowska, Justyna, Raczkowska, Gabriela, Sokołowska, Joanna, Chorostowska-Wynimko, Aleksandra, Jezela-Stanek, Adriana, Roży, Urszula, Lechowicz, Urszula, Polowianiuk, Kamil, Grubczak, Aleksandra, Starosz, Andrzej, Eljaszewicz, Wiktoria, Izdebska, Adam, Krętowski, Robert, Flisiak, Marcin Moniuszko Malak Abedalthagafi Manal Alaamery, Salam, Massadeh, Mohamed, Fawzy, Hadeel, Albardis, Nora, Aljawini, Moneera, Alsuwailm, Faisal, Almalki, Serghei, Mangul, Junghyun, Jung, Hamdi, Mbarek, Chadi, Saad, Yaser, Al-Sarraj, Wadha, Al-Muftah, Radja, Badji, Asma Al Thani, Said, I Ismail, HGI, WES/WGS Working Group Within the, Consortium, GenOMICC, Study, GEN-COVID Multicenter, Renieri, Alessandra [0000-0002-0846-9220], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, NIHR, Fallerini, C, Picchiotti, N, Baldassarri, M, Zguro, K, Daga, S, Fava, F, Benetti, E, Amitrano, S, Bruttini, M, Palmieri, M, Croci, S, Lista, M, Beligni, G, Valentino, F, Meloni, I, Tanfoni, M, Minnai, F, Colombo, F, Cabri, E, Fratelli, M, Gabbi, C, Mantovani, S, Frullanti, E, Gori, M, Crawley, F, Butler-Laporte, G, Richards, B, Zeberg, H, Lipcsey, M, Hultström, M, Ludwig, K, Schulte, E, Pairo-Castineira, E, Baillie, J, Schmidt, A, Frithiof, R, Mari, F, Renieri, A, Furini, S, and Crotti, L

Subjects
Male, Medicin och hälsovetenskap, Linkage disequilibrium, Medizin, severity, Genome-wide association study, Disease, WES/WGS Working Group Within the HGI, Logistic regression, Severity of Illness Index, Medical and Health Sciences, Whole Exome Sequencing, Cohort Studies, 0302 clinical medicine, Lasso (statistics), GEN-COVID Multicenter Study, Germany, 80 and over, Genetics (clinical), Exome sequencing, Original Investigation, Genetics & Heredity, Aged, 80 and over, 0303 health sciences, Adult, Aged, COVID-19, Female, Humans, Italy, Middle Aged, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Quebec, SARS-CoV-2, Sweden, United Kingdom, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Phenotype, Single Nucleotide, covid-19, 1104 Complementary and Alternative Medicine, GenOMICC Consortium, Human, coding variants, Computational biology, Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Exome Sequencing, Genetics, Polymorphism, Gene, 030304 developmental biology, 0604 Genetics, 1114 Paediatrics and Reproductive Medicine, Cohort Studie, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Coding (social sciences)
Abstract

The combined impact of common and rare exonic variants in COVID-19 host genetics is currently insufficiently understood. Here, common and rare variants from whole-exome sequencing data of about 4000 SARS-CoV-2-positive individuals were used to define an interpretable machine-learning model for predicting COVID-19 severity. First, variants were converted into separate sets of Boolean features, depending on the absence or the presence of variants in each gene. An ensemble of LASSO logistic regression models was used to identify the most informative Boolean features with respect to the genetic bases of severity. The Boolean features selected by these logistic models were combined into an Integrated PolyGenic Score that offers a synthetic and interpretable index for describing the contribution of host genetics in COVID-19 severity, as demonstrated through testing in several independent cohorts. Selected features belong to ultra-rare, rare, low-frequency, and common variants, including those in linkage disequilibrium with known GWAS loci. Noteworthily, around one quarter of the selected genes are sex-specific. Pathway analysis of the selected genes associated with COVID-19 severity reflected the multi-organ nature of the disease. The proposed model might provide useful information for developing diagnostics and therapeutics, while also being able to guide bedside disease management. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00439-021-02397-7.

Published
2021

389. SARS-CoV-2-related mortality and treatment delays for cancer patients in Austria : Findings of a multicentric nationwide study

Author

Julia M. Berger, Phillipp Wohlfarth, Oliver Königsbrügge, Hanna A. Knaus, Edit Porpaczy, Hannes Kaufmann, Johanna Schreiber, Tatevik Mrva-Ghukasyan, Thomas Winder, Luciano Severgnini, Dominik Wolf, Verena Petzer, Van Anh Nguyen, Georg Weinlich, Leopold Öhler, Anna Wonnerth, Aurelia Miksovsky, Bert Engelhart, Matthias Preusser, and Anna S. Berghoff

Subjects
Cohort Studies, COVID-19 Testing, SARS-CoV-2, Austria, Neoplasms, COVID-19, Humans, General Medicine, Time-to-Treatment
Abstract

Summary Background Cancer patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have an increased risk of mortality. Here, we investigated predictive factors for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) associated mortality in patients with neoplastic diseases treated throughout Austria. Methods In this multicentric nationwide cohort study, data on patients with active or previous malignant diseases and SARS-CoV‑2 infections diagnosed between 13 March 2020 and 06 April 2021 were collected. Collected data included the stage of the malignant disease and outcome parameters 30 days after the diagnosis of SARS-CoV‑2 infection. Results The cohort consisted of 230 individuals of which 75 (32.6%) patients were diagnosed with hematologic malignancies and 155 (67.4%) with solid tumors. At a median follow-up of 31 days after COVID-19 diagnosis, 38 (16.5%) patients had died due to COVID-19. Compared to survivors, patients who died were older (62.4 vs. 71.4 years, p p p = 0.03), lower lymphocyte counts (21.4% vs. 14%, p = 0.006) and lower albumin levels (32.5 g/l vs. 21.6 g/l, p p > 0.05). In 60.6% of the patients, therapy was postponed due to quarantine requirements or hospital admission. Conclusion Mortality of Austrian cancer patients infected with SARS-CoV‑2 is comparable to that of other countries. Furthermore, risk factors associated with higher mortality were evident and similar to the general population. Treatment delays were frequently observed.

Published
2021

392. Gestational age-adapted oxygen saturation targeting and outcome of extremely low gestational age neonates (ELGANs)

Author

Anja Hergenhan, Martina Steurer, and Thomas M. Berger

Subjects
bronchopulmonary dysplasia, extremely low gestational age neonates, mortality rate, oxygen saturation targeting, retinopathy of prematurity, Medicine
Abstract

QUESTIONS UNDER STUDY: Optimal oxygen saturation (SpO2) targets for extremely low gestational age neonates (ELGANs, gestational age [GA]

Published
2015
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393. Impact of a deletion of the full-length and short isoform of p75NTR on cholinergic innervation and the population of postmitotic doublecortin positive cells in the dentate gyrus

Author

Robert ePoser, Martin eDokter, Viola evon Bohlen und Halbach, Stefan M Berger, Ruben eBusch, Marian eBaldus, Klaus eUnsicker, and Oliver evon Bohlen und Halbach

Subjects
Dendritic Spines, Dentate Gyrus, Hippocampus, Neurogenesis, p75 knockout mouse, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571, Human anatomy, QM1-695
Abstract

Analyses of mice carrying a deletion of the pan-neurotrophin receptor p75NTR have allowed identifying p75NTR as an important structural regulator of the hippocampus. Most of the previous analyses were done using p75NTRExIII knockout mice which still express the short isoform of p75NTR. To scrutinize the role of p75NTR in the hippocampus, we analyzed adult and aged p75NTRExIV knockout mice, in which both, the short and the full-length isoform are deleted. Deletion of these isoforms induced morphological alterations in the adult dentate gyrus (DG), leading to an increase in the thickness of the molecular and granular layer. Based on these observations, we next determined the morphological substrates that might contribute to this phenotype. The cholinergic innervation of the molecular and granular layer of the DG was found to be significantly increased in the knockout mice. Furthermore, adult neurogenesis in the DG was found to be significantly altered with increased numbers of doublecortin (DCX) positive cells and reduced numbers of apoptotic cells in p75NTRExIV knockout mice. However, cell proliferation as measured by phosphohiston H3 (PH3) positive cell numbers was not affected. These morphological alterations (number of DCX-positive cells and increased cholinergic fiber densities) as well as reduced cell death in the DG are likely to contribute to the observed thickening of the granular layer in p75NTRExIV knockout mice. In addition, Sholl-analysis of DCX-positive neurons revealed a higher dendritic complexity and could thus be a possible morphological correlate for the increased thickness of the molecular layer in p75NTR deficient animals. Our data clearly demonstrate that deletion of both, the short and the full-length isoform of p75NTR affects DG morphology, due to alterations of the cholinergic system and an imbalance between neurogenesis and programmed cell death within the subgranular zone.

Published
2015
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394. Impact of Mitochondrial Ca2+-Sensitive Potassium (mBKCa) Channels in Sildenafil-Induced Cardioprotection in Rats.

Author

Friederike Behmenburg, Marianne Dorsch, Ragnar Huhn, David Mally, André Heinen, Markus W Hollmann, and Marc M Berger

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

BACKGROUND:Mitochondrial large-conductance Ca2+-sensitive potassium (mBKCa) channels are involved in myocardial ischemic preconditioning. Their role in sildenafil-induced cardioprotection is unknown. We investigated whether sildenafil-induced acute cardioprotection is mediated by activation of mBKCa channels in the rat heart in vitro. METHODS:Male Wistar rats (n = 8 per group) were randomized and anesthetized with pentobarbital (90 mg/kg). Hearts were isolated, mounted on a Langendorff system and perfused with Krebs-Henseleit buffer at a constant pressure of 80 mmHg. Hearts underwent 30 min of global ischemia followed by 60 min of reperfusion. At the end of the experiments infarct size was determined by TTC staining. In the control group rats were not further treated. Sildenafil (3 μM) was administered over 10 min before the beginning of ischemia. The mBKCa channel inhibitor paxilline (1 μM) was administered with and without sildenafil before the onset of ischemia. The pathway underlying sildenafil-induced cardioprotection was further investigated with the protein kinase G blocker KT5823 (1 μM). Myocardial cGMP concentration was measured by ELISA. Data (mean±SD) were analysed with a one and two-way analysis of variance as appropriate. RESULTS:In control animals infarct size was 52±8%. Sildenafil increased cGMP concentration and reduced infarct size to 35±6% (P

Published
2015
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395. Sensory Texture and Mastication Physics of Multi-Phase Meat Products

Author

Dominic Oppen, Lisa M. Berger, Monika Gibis, and Jochen Weiss

Subjects
Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes, kinematics of jaw movement, anisotropy, meat texture, electromyography, superstructure studies, mastication physics, Process Chemistry and Technology, General Engineering, General Materials Science, Instrumentation, Computer Science Applications
Abstract

Food products often consist of several phases. Comminuted meat products, for example, are multiphase systems consisting of structured meat particles and unstructured batter-like substance. To develop and understand the processing of these products, it is important to understand the sensory and mechanical perception principles. To this end, two-phase food prototypes consisting of mixtures of ground beef and beef batter were prepared and subjected to sensory, texture, and oral processing analysis. The oral processing analysis focused on the biomechanical data of the chewing process, namely the kinematics of jaw movement and electromyographic activity. The ground meat served as the anisotropic phase and the meat dough as the isotropic phase. A significant increase in muscle activity, duration per bite, and occlusion time with increasing proportion of fibrous particles was demonstrated (p < 0.05). In contrast, a higher proportion of isotropic substance resulted in significantly higher amplitudes of jaw movement and faster jaw kinetics (p < 0.05). In mixed regimes, the system responded mainly according to the dominant phase, with sensory or mechanical response changing at a critical point. In combination with texture and sensory data, a holistic characterization of the food models could be performed.

Published
2022

396. Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 and BA.4 Variants After Fourth Vaccination or Tixagevimab and Cilgavimab Administration in Patients With Cancer

Author

Maximilian J. Mair, Manfred Mitterer, Pia Gattinger, Julia M. Berger, Rudolf Valenta, Dominic Fong, and Matthias Preusser

Subjects
Cancer Research, Oncology, SARS-CoV-2, Neoplasms, Vaccination, Humans, COVID-19
Abstract

This cohort study assesses the capacity of passive immunization and tixagevimab and cilgavimab to inhibit interaction between receptor-binding domains and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in patients with hemato-oncologic diseases.

Published
2022

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