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Objective: To evaluate the effect of the ethyl acetate fraction derived from Sargassum pallidum extract against particulate matter (PM)-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in HaCaT cells and zebrafish. Methods: HaCaT cells and zebrafish were used to evaluate the protective effects of the ethyl acetate fraction of Sargassum pallidum extract against PM-induced oxidative stress and inflammation. The production of nitric oxide (NO), intracellular ROS, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and pro-inflammatory cytokines, and the expression levels of COX-2, iNOS, and NF-κB were evaluated in PM-induced HaCaT cells. Furthermore, the levels of ROS, NO, and lipid peroxidation were assessed in the PM-exposed zebrafish model. Results: The ethyl acetate fraction of Sargassum pallidum extract significantly decreased the production of NO, intracellular ROS, and PGE2 in PM-induced HaCaT cells. In addition, the fraction markedly suppressed the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and inhibited the expression levels of COX-2, iNOS, and NF-κB. Furthermore, it displayed remarkable protective effects against PM-induced inflammatory response and oxidative stress, represented by the reduction of NO, ROS, and lipid peroxidation in zebrafish. Conclusions: The ethyl acetate fraction of Sargassum pallidum extract exhibits a protective effect against PM-induced oxidative stress and inflammation both in vitro and in vivo and has the potential as a candidate for the development of pharmaceutical and cosmeceutical products.

Although cancer stem cells (CSCs) play a major role in tumorigenesis and metastasis, the role of genetic alterations in invasiveness of CSCs is still unclear. Tumor microenvironment signals, such as extracellular matrix (ECM) composition, significantly influence cell behaviors. Unfortunately, these signals are often lost in in vitro cell culture. This study determines putative CSC populations, examines genetic changes during tumorigenesis of human breast epithelial stem cells, and investigates single-cell migration properties on ECM-mimetic platforms. Whole exome sequencing data indicate that tumorigenic cells have a higher somatic mutation burden than non-tumorigenic cells, and that mutations exclusive to tumorigenic cells exhibit higher predictive deleterious scores. Tumorigenic cells exhibit distinct somatic copy number variations (CNVs) including gain of duplications in chromosomes 5 and 8. ECM-mimetic topography selectively enhances migration speed of tumorigenic cells, but not of non-tumorigenic cells, and results in a wide distribution of tumorigenic single-cell migration speeds, suggesting heterogeneity in cellular sensing of contact guidance cues. This study identifies mutations and CNVs acquired during breast tumorigenesis, which can be associated with enhanced migration of breast tumorigenic cells, and demonstrates that a nanotopographically-defined platform can be applied to recapitulate an ECM structure for investigating cellular migration in the simulated tumor microenvironment.

Poor-grade aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is associated with high patient mortality. Despite recent advances in management strategies, the prognosis for poor-grade aSAH remains dismal. We present a challenging case of a patient presenting with poor-grade aSAH. A 46-year-old female presented to the emergency department after losing consciousness following a sudden headache. The examination showed a dilated left pupil and a Glasgow Coma Scale of 4. Imaging revealed a ruptured anterior communicating artery (ACoM) aneurysm, after which the patient was subsequently taken to the neuro-interventional radiology suite. We showed that carefully managing blood pressure and intracranial pressure (ICP) makes it possible to achieve a favorable outcome and reduce the risk of secondary brain injury in aSAH, regardless of patient presentation. We propose maintaining blood pressure at

Objective: There are many treatments for headache. We suggested the clinical effect and utilization of HWANGRYUNHAEDOKTANG herbal acupuncture on headache. Methods: 1. We injected distillation of HWANGRYUNHAEDOKTANG(2.0cc) on Both Pung-Ji(GB20) of patients. In 20 minutes later, We examined therapeutic value of headache. 2. We examined effects of HWANGRYUNHAEDOKTANG Herbal acupuncture by sex , age, area of headache, period of history, degree of headache. Results and Conclusions: 1. There was a significantly effect of HWANGRYUNHAEDOKTANG Herbal acupuncture on headache. 2. In therapeutic value, The effect of HWANGRYUNHAEDOKTANG Herbal acupuncture by each type is significant.

Este artigo discute a síncope e o Brevis Brevians e as relações desses fenômenos com o padrão de acento no português brasileiro, na perspectiva da Fonologia Métrica (Hayes, 1995) e da Teoria da Otimalidade (Prince e Smolensky, 1993; McCrthy e Prince, 1993, 1995). O seu objetivo é mostrar que: i) a síncope e a redução silábica estão relacionadas diretamente com a formação e a forma do pé; ii) no PB, a redução silábica é motivada pela interação de restrições PARSE e WSP para reestruturar o pé troqueu (LH) para (LL); iii) a síncope ocorre para ajustar o acento marcado (proparoxítono) para acento não-marcado (paroxítono)

Este trabalho procura explicar/reanalisar o acento secundário do português brasileiro, à luz dos modelos da fonologia métrica (Hayes, 1995) e da teoria da otimalidade (Prince e Smolensky, 1993; McCarthy e Prince, 1993, 1995). Este artigo mostra que o acento secundário é diferente do acento primário - O acento secundário é puramente fonológico (exceto o acento secundário lexical), iterativo e insensível à quantidade de peso silábico e á categoria lexical. A abordagem baseada na OT dispensa o conceito do pé degenerado, estipulado na abordagem baseada nas regras. As alternâncias do padrão do acento secundário são definidas pelas (re)-hierarquização das restrições da OT (PRW/R e PRW/L)

This study was carried out for production of neutral antibody to bee venom(anti-phospholipase A2 IgY). Hen layings were injected repeatedly with bee venom and phospholipase A2 with Freund's adjuvant. Specific antibody in egg yolk from immunized hen laying was separated, and purified, also immunological characteristics of anti-phospholipase A2 IgY was invested. The results were summarized as follows : 1. Phospholipase A2 was showed single band at molecular weight 17,000 in SDS-PAGE and bee venom was showed two band at molecular weight 17,000 and under molecular weight 6,500 in SDS-PAGE. 2. During 70 days after hen immunized with bee venom and phospholipase A2, antibodies(anti-bee venom IgY) to bee venom were showed poor ELISA value in egg yolk, but antibodies(anti-Phospholipase A2 IgY) to phospholipase A2 in egg yolk were increased ELISA value from 8 days or 15 days and found maximum ELISA value at 42 days. Also after booster at 49 days, ELISA value of anti-Phospholipase A2 IgY in egg yolk was supported at optical density(O.D) 1.0 level, continuously. 3. Titer of phospholipase A2 IgY was showed 1: 32,000. 4. In double immunodiffusion test to phospholipase A2 after double dilution of anti-phospholipase A2 IgY, only precipitation line was made in 1:1 dilution well of anti-Phospholipase A2 IgY. But In immunodiffusion test to anti-phospholipase A2 IgY after double dilution of phospholipase A2, Precipitation line to 250ul/ml well of phospholipase A2 was showed. In double immunodiffusion test to bee venom(1mg/ml) after double dilution anti-phospholipase A2 IgY, all well without 1:32 dilution well were showed strong precipitation line. 5. In dot bloting test to anti-phospholipase A2 IgY after diluting bee venom(0.5mg/ml), dot bloting color was showed clearly to 1/100(5㎍/㎖) in bee venom.