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351. An R-process enhanced star in the dwarf galaxy Tucana III

Author

Hansen, T. T., Simon, J. D., Marshall, J. L., Li, T. S., Carollo, D., DePoy, D. L., Nagasawa, D. Q., Bernstein, R. A., Drlica-Wagner, A., Abdalla, F. B., Allam, S., Annis, J., Bechtol, K., Benoit-Lévy, A., Brooks, D., Buckley-Geer, E., Rosell, A. Carnero, Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., Cunha, C. E., da Costa, L. N., Desai, S., Eifler, T. F., Neto, A. Fausti, Flaugher, B., Frieman, J., García-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gerdes, D. W., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., James, D. J., Krause, E., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lahav, O., Miquel, R., Plazas, A. A., Romer, A. K., Sanchez, E., Santiago, B., Scarpine, V., Smith, R. C., Soares-Santos, M., Sobreira, F., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., and Walker, A. R.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

Chemically peculiar stars in dwarf galaxies provide a window for exploring the birth environment of stars with varying chemical enrichment. We present a chemical abundance analysis of the brightest star in the newly discovered ultra-faint dwarf galaxy candidate Tucana III. Because it is particularly bright for a star in an ultra-faint Milky Way satellite, we are able to measure the abundance of 28 elements, including 13 neutron-capture species. This star, DES J235532.66$-$593114.9 (DES J235532), shows a mild enhancement in neutron-capture elements associated with the $r$-process and can be classified as an $r$-I star. DES J235532 is the first $r$-I star to be discovered in an ultra-faint satellite, and Tuc III is the second extremely low-luminosity system found to contain $r$-process enriched material, after Reticulum II. Comparison of the abundance pattern of DES J235532 with $r$-I and $r$-II stars found in other dwarf galaxies and in the Milky Way halo suggests a common astrophysical origin for the neutron-capture elements seen in all $r$-process enhanced stars. We explore both internal and external scenarios for the $r$-process enrichment of Tuc III and show that with abundance patterns for additional stars it should be possible to distinguish between them., Comment: 12 pages, 5 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ

Published
2017
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352. Discovery and Physical Characterization of a Large Scattered Disk Object at 92 AU

Author

Gerdes, David, Sako, Masao, Hamilton, Stephanie, Zhang, Ke, Khain, Tali, Becker, Juliette, Annis, James, Wester, William, Bernstein, Gary, Scheibner, Colin, Zullo, Lynus, Adams, Fred, Bergin, Edwin, Walker, Alistair, Mueller, J. H., Abbott, T., Abdalla, Filipe, Allam, Sahar, Bechtol, K., Benoit-Lévy, Aurelien, Bertin, Emmanuel, Brooks, David, Burke, David, Rosell, A., Kind, M., Carretero, Jorge, Cunha, Carlos, da Costa, Luiz, Desai, S., Diehl, H. Thomas, Eifler, Tim, Flaugher, Brenna, Frieman, Joshua, Garc'ia-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, Enrique, Goldstein, Daniel, Gruen, Daniel, Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, Gaston, Honscheid, Klaus, James, D., Kent, Stephen M., Krause, E., Kuehn, Kyler, Kuropatkin, Nikolay, Lahav, O., Li, T., Maia, M., March, Marisa Cristina, Marshall, Jennifer, Martini, P., Menanteau, Felipe, Miquel, Ramon, Nichol, Robert, Malagón, Andres Plazas, Romer, A. Kathy, Roodman, Aaron, Sanchez, Eusebio, Sevilla-Noarbe, Ignacio, Smith, Mathew, Smith, R., Soares-Santos, Marcelle, Sobreira, Flavia, Suchyta, E., Swanson, M., Tarle, Gregory, Tucker, Douglas, and Zhang, Y.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

We report the observation and physical characterization of the possible dwarf planet \UZ\ ("DeeDee"), a dynamically detached trans-Neptunian object discovered at 92 AU. This object is currently the second-most distant known trans-Neptunian object with reported orbital elements, surpassed in distance only by the dwarf planet Eris. The object was discovered with an $r$-band magnitude of 23.0 in data collected by the Dark Energy Survey between 2014 and 2016. Its 1140-year orbit has $(a,e,i) = (109~\mathrm{AU}, 0.65, 26.8^{\circ})$. It will reach its perihelion distance of 38 AU in the year 2142. Integrations of its orbit show it to be dynamically stable on Gyr timescales, with only weak interactions with Neptune. We have performed followup observations with ALMA, using 3 hours of on-source integration time to measure the object's thermal emission in the Rayleigh-Jeans tail. The signal is detected at 7$\sigma$ significance, from which we determine a $V$-band albedo of $13.1^{+3.3}_{-2.4}\mathrm{(stat)}^{+2.0}_{-1.4}\mathrm{(sys)}$ percent and a diameter of $635^{+57}_{-61}\mathrm{(stat)}^{+32}_{-39}\mathrm{(sys)}$~km, assuming a spherical body with uniform surface properties., Comment: 13 pages, 4 figures, accepted by ApJ Letters

Published
2017
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353. Models of the strongly lensed quasar DES J0408-5354

Author

Agnello, Adriano, Lin, Huan, Buckley-Geer, L., Treu, T., Bonvin, V., Courbin, F., Lemon, C., Morishita, T., Amara, A., Auger, M. W., Birrer, S., Chan, J., Collett, T., More, A., Fassnacht, C. D., Frieman, J., Marshall, P. J., McMahon, R. G., Meylan, G., Suyu, S. H., Castander, F., Finley, D., Howell, A., Kochanek, C., Makler, M., Martini, P., Morgan, N., Nord, B., Ostrovski, F., Schechter, P., Tucker, D., Wechsler, R., Abbott, T. M. C., Abdalla, F. B., Allam, S., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bertin, E., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Rosell, A. Carnero, Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., Crocce, M., Cunha, C. E., D'Andrea, C. B., da Costa, L. N., Desa, S., Dietrich, J. P., Eifler, T. F., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., García-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Goldstein, D. A., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Li, T. S., Lima, M., Maia, M. A. G., March, M., Marshall, J. L., Melchior, P., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Ogando, R. L. C., Plazas, A. A., Romer, A. K., Sanchez, E., Schindler, R., Schubnell, M., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, M., Smith, R. C., Sobreira, F., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., and Walker, A. R.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We present gravitational lens models of the multiply imaged quasar DES J0408-5354, recently discovered in the Dark Energy Survey (DES) footprint, with the aim of interpreting its remarkable quad-like configuration. We first model the DES single-epoch $grizY$ images as a superposition of a lens galaxy and four point-like objects, obtaining spectral energy distributions (SEDs) and relative positions for the objects. Three of the point sources (A,B,D) have SEDs compatible with the discovery quasar spectra, while the faintest point-like image (G2/C) shows significant reddening and a `grey' dimming of $\approx0.8$mag. In order to understand the lens configuration, we fit different models to the relative positions of A,B,D. Models with just a single deflector predict a fourth image at the location of G2/C but considerably brighter and bluer. The addition of a small satellite galaxy ($R_{\rm E}\approx0.2$") in the lens plane near the position of G2/C suppresses the flux of the fourth image and can explain both the reddening and grey dimming. All models predict a main deflector with Einstein radius between $1.7"$ and $2.0",$ velocity dispersion $267-280$km/s and enclosed mass $\approx 6\times10^{11}M_{\odot},$ even though higher resolution imaging data are needed to break residual degeneracies in model parameters. The longest time-delay (B-A) is estimated as $\approx 85$ (resp. $\approx125$) days by models with (resp. without) a perturber near G2/C. The configuration and predicted time-delays of J0408-5354 make it an excellent target for follow-up aimed at understanding the source quasar host galaxy and substructure in the lens, and measuring cosmological parameters. We also discuss some lessons learnt from J0408-5354 on lensed quasar finding strategies, due to its chromaticity and morphology., Comment: 12 pages, 8 figures, MNRAS subm. 30/01/2017. Based on the discovery results of H~Lin et al. (2017), ApJL subm. This paper has been approved for submission by DES, via Collaboration-Wide Review

Published
2017
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354. Discovery of the Lensed Quasar System DES J0408-5354

Author

Lin, H., Buckley-Geer, E., Agnello, A., Ostrovski, F., McMahon, R. G., Nord, B., Kuropatkin, N., Tucker, D. L., Treu, T., Chan, J. H. H., Suyu, S. H., Diehl, H. T., Collett, T., Gill, M. S. S., More, A., Amara, A., Auger, M. W., Courbin, F., Fassnacht, C. D., Frieman, J., Marshall, P. J., Meylan, G., Rusu, C. E., Abbott, T. M. C., Abdalla, F. B., Allam, S., Banerji, M., Bechtol, K., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bertin, E., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Rosell, A. Carnero, Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., Castander, F. J., Crocce, M., D'Andrea, C. B., da Costa, L. N., Desai, S., Dietrich, J. P., Eifler, T. F., Finley, D. A., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., García-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gerdes, D. W., Goldstein, D. A., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Kuehn, K., Lahav, O., Li, T. S., Lima, M., Maia, M. A. G., March, M., Marshall, J. L., Martini, P., Melchior, P., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Ogando, R. L. C., Plazas, A. A., Romer, A. K., Sanchez, E., Schindler, R., Schubnell, M., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, M., Smith, R. C., Sobreira, F., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., and Walker, A. R.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We report the discovery and spectroscopic confirmation of the quad-like lensed quasar system DES J0408-5354 found in the Dark Energy Survey (DES) Year 1 (Y1) data. This system was discovered during a search for DES Y1 strong lensing systems using a method that identified candidates as red galaxies with multiple blue neighbors. DES J0408-5354 consists of a central red galaxy surrounded by three bright (i < 20) blue objects and a fourth red object. Subsequent spectroscopic observations using the Gemini South telescope confirmed that the three blue objects are indeed the lensed images of a quasar with redshift z = 2.375, and that the central red object is an early-type lensing galaxy with redshift z = 0.597. DES J0408-5354 is the first quad lensed quasar system to be found in DES and begins to demonstrate the potential of DES to discover and dramatically increase the sample size of these very rare objects., Comment: 9 pages, 4 figures, submitted to ApJ Letters

Published
2017
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355. Environmental dependence of the galaxy stellar mass function in the Dark Energy Survey Science Verification Data

Author

Etherington, J., Thomas, D., Maraston, C., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Bechtol, K., Pforr, J., Pellegrini, P., Gschwend, J., Rosell, A. Carnero, Maia, M. A. G., da Costa, L. N., Benoit-Lévy, A., Swanson, M. E. C., Hartley, W. G., Abbott, T. M. C., Abdalla, F. B., Allam, S., Bernstein, R. A., Bertin, E., Brooks, D., Buckley-Geer, E., Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., Castander, F. J., Crocce, M., Cunha, C. E., Desai, S., Doel, P., Eifler, T. F., Evrard, A. E., Neto, A. Fausti, Finley, D. A., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., Gerdes, D. W., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gutierrez, G., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lahav, O., Lima, M., Martini, P., Melchior, P., Miquel, R., Mohr, J. J., Nord, B., Ogando, R., Plazas, A. A., Romer, A. K., Rykoff, E. S., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Schubnell, M., Smith, R. C., Soares-Santos, M., Sobreira, F., Tarle, G., Vikram, V., Walker, A. R., and Zhang, Y.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

Measurements of the galaxy stellar mass function are crucial to understand the formation of galaxies in the Universe. In a hierarchical clustering paradigm it is plausible that there is a connection between the properties of galaxies and their environments. Evidence for environmental trends has been established in the local Universe. The Dark Energy Survey (DES) provides large photometric datasets that enable further investigation of the assembly of mass. In this study we use ~3.2 million galaxies from the (South Pole Telescope) SPT-East field in the DES science verification (SV) dataset. From grizY photometry we derive galaxy stellar masses and absolute magnitudes, and determine the errors on these properties using Monte-Carlo simulations using the full photometric redshift probability distributions. We compute galaxy environments using a fixed conical aperture for a range of scales. We construct galaxy environment probability distribution functions and investigate the dependence of the environment errors on the aperture parameters. We compute the environment components of the galaxy stellar mass function for the redshift range 0.15

Published
2017
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356. Eight new luminous z > 6 quasars selected via SED model fitting of VISTA, WISE and Dark Energy Survey Year 1 Observations

Author

Reed, S. L., McMahon, R. G., Martini, P., Banerji, M., Auger, M., Hewett, P. C., Koposov, S. E., Gibbons, S. L. J., Gonzalez-Solares, E., Ostrovski, F., Tie, S. S., Abdalla, F. B., Allam, S., Benoit-Levy, A., Bertin, E., Brooks, D., Buckley-Geer, E., Burke, D. L., Rosell, A. Carnero, Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., da Costa, L. N., DePoy, D. L., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Doel, P., Evrard, A. E., Finley, D. A., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., Garcıa-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Goldstein, D. A., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gutierrez, G., James, D. J., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lahav, O., Lima, M., Maia, M. A. G., Marshall, J. L., Melchior, P., Miller, C. J., Miquel, R., Nord, B., Ogando, R., Plazas, A. A., Romer, A. K., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Schubnell, M., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, R. C., Sobreira, F., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Tucker, D. L., Walker, A. R., and Wester, W.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We present the discovery and spectroscopic confirmation with the ESO NTT and Gemini South telescopes of eight new 6.0 < z < 6.5 quasars with z$_{AB}$ < 21.0. These quasars were photometrically selected without any star-galaxy morphological criteria from 1533 deg$^{2}$ using SED model fitting to photometric data from the Dark Energy Survey (g, r, i, z, Y), the VISTA Hemisphere Survey (J, H, K) and the Wide-Field Infrared Survey Explorer (W1, W2). The photometric data was fitted with a grid of quasar model SEDs with redshift dependent Lyman-{\alpha} forest absorption and a range of intrinsic reddening as well as a series of low mass cool star models. Candidates were ranked using on a SED-model based $\chi^{2}$-statistic, which is extendable to other future imaging surveys (e.g. LSST, Euclid). Our spectral confirmation success rate is 100% without the need for follow-up photometric observations as used in other studies of this type. Combined with automatic removal of the main types of non-astrophysical contaminants the method allows large data sets to be processed without human intervention and without being over run by spurious false candidates. We also present a robust parametric redshift estimating technique that gives comparable accuracy to MgII and CO based redshift estimators. We find two z $\sim$ 6.2 quasars with HII near zone sizes < 3 proper Mpc which could indicate that these quasars may be young with ages < 10$^6$ - 10$^7$ years or lie in over dense regions of the IGM. The z = 6.5 quasar VDESJ0224-4711 has J$_{AB}$ = 19.75 is the second most luminous quasar known with z > 6.5., Comment: 19 pages, 15 figures

Published
2017
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357. Vizic: A Jupyter-based Interactive Visualization Tool for Astronomical Catalogs

Author

Yu, W., Kind, M. Carrasco, and Brunner, R. J.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

The ever-growing datasets in observational astronomy have challenged scientists in many aspects, including an efficient and interactive data exploration and visualization. Many tools have been developed to confront this challenge. However, they usually focus on displaying the actual images or focus on visualizing patterns within catalogs in a predefined way. In this paper we introduce Vizic, a Python visualization library that builds the connection between images and catalogs through an interactive map of the sky region. Vizic visualizes catalog data over a custom background canvas using the shape, size and orientation of each object in the catalog. The displayed objects in the map are highly interactive and customizable comparing to those in the images. These objects can be filtered by or colored by their properties, such as redshift and magnitude. They also can be sub-selected using a lasso-like tool for further analysis using standard Python functions from inside a Jupyter notebook. Furthermore, Vizic allows custom overlays to be appended dynamically on top of the sky map. We have initially implemented several overlays, namely, Voronoi, Delaunay, Minimum Spanning Tree and HEALPix grid layers, which are helpful for visualizing large-scale structure. All these overlays can be generated, added or removed interactively with one line of code. The catalog data is stored in a non-relational database, and the interfaces were developed in JavaScript and Python to work within Jupyter Notebook, which allows to create custom widgets, user generated scripts to analyze and plot the data selected/displayed in the interactive map. This unique design makes Vizic a very powerful and flexible interactive analysis tool. Vizic can be adopted in variety of exercises, for example, data inspection, clustering analysis, galaxy alignment studies, outlier identification or simply large-scale visualizations., Comment: 14 pages, 13 figures, revised for Astronomy and Computing

Published
2017
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358. Machine Learning for Searching the Dark Energy Survey for Trans- Neptunian Objects

Author

Henghes, B., Lahav, O., Gerdes, D. W., Lin, H. W., Morgan, R., Abbott, T. M. C., Aguena, M., Allam, S., Annis, J., Avila, S., Bertin, E., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Rosell, A. Carnero, Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., Conselice, C., Costanzi, M., da Costa, L. N., De Vicente, J., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Doel, P., Everett, S., Ferrero, I., Frieman, J., García-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Hartley, W. G., Hinton, S. R., Honscheid, K., Hoyle, B., James, D. J., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Marshall, J. L., Melchior, P., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Ogando, R. L. C., Palmese, A., Paz-Chinchón, F., Plazas, A. A., Romer, A. K., Sánchez, C., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Schubnell, M., Serrano, S., Smith, M., Soares-Santos, M., Suchyta, E., Tarle, G., To, C., and Wilkinson, R. D.

Published
2021

359. The Dark Energy Survey: Data Release 1

Author

Abbott, TMC, Abdalla, FB, Allam, S, Amara, A, Annis, J, Asorey, J, Avila, S, Ballester, O, Banerji, M, Barkhouse, W, Baruah, L, Baumer, M, Bechtol, K, Becker, MR, Benoit-Lévy, A, Bernstein, GM, Bertin, E, Blazek, J, Bocquet, S, Brooks, D, Brout, D, Buckley-Geer, E, Burke, DL, Busti, V, Campisano, R, Cardiel-Sas, L, Rosell, A Carnero, Kind, M Carrasco, Carretero, J, Castander, FJ, Cawthon, R, Chang, C, Chen, X, Conselice, C, Costa, G, Crocce, M, Cunha, CE, D’Andrea, CB, da Costa, LN, Das, R, Daues, G, Davis, TM, Davis, C, De Vicente, J, DePoy, DL, DeRose, J, Desai, S, Diehl, HT, Dietrich, JP, Dodelson, S, Doel, P, Drlica-Wagner, A, Eifler, TF, Elliott, AE, Evrard, AE, Farahi, A, Neto, A Fausti, Fernandez, E, Finley, DA, Flaugher, B, Foley, RJ, Fosalba, P, Friedel, DN, Frieman, J, García-Bellido, J, Gaztanaga, E, Gerdes, DW, Giannantonio, T, Gill, MSS, Glazebrook, K, Goldstein, DA, Gower, M, Gruen, D, Gruendl, RA, Gschwend, J, Gupta, RR, Gutierrez, G, Hamilton, S, Hartley, WG, Hinton, SR, Hislop, JM, Hollowood, D, Honscheid, K, Hoyle, B, Huterer, D, Jain, B, James, DJ, Jeltema, T, Johnson, MWG, Johnson, MD, Kacprzak, T, Kent, S, Khullar, G, Klein, M, Kovacs, A, Koziol, AMG, Krause, E, Kremin, A, Kron, R, and Kuehn, K

Subjects
Space Sciences, Physical Sciences, astronomical databases: miscellaneous, catalogs, cosmology: observations, surveys, techniques: image processing, techniques: photometric, astro-ph.IM, astro-ph.CO, astro-ph.GA, astro-ph.SR, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural), Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical sciences
Abstract

We describe the first public data release of the Dark Energy Survey, DES DR1, consisting of reduced single-epoch images, co-added images, co-added source catalogs, and associated products and services assembled over the first 3 yr of DES science operations. DES DR1 is based on optical/near-infrared imaging from 345 distinct nights (2013 August to 2016 February) by the Dark Energy Camera mounted on the 4 m Blanco telescope at the Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory in Chile. We release data from the DES wide-area survey covering ∼5000 deg2 of the southern Galactic cap in five broad photometric bands, grizY. DES DR1 has a median delivered point-spread function of g = 1.12, r = 0.96, i = 0.88, z = 0.84, and Y = 0.″90 FWHM, a photometric precision of

Published
2018

360. Dark Energy Survey Year 1 results: weak lensing shape catalogues

Author

Zuntz, J, Sheldon, E, Samuroff, S, Troxel, MA, Jarvis, M, MacCrann, N, Gruen, D, Prat, J, Sánchez, C, Choi, A, Bridle, SL, Bernstein, GM, Dodelson, S, Drlica-Wagner, A, Fang, Y, Gruendl, RA, Hoyle, B, Huff, EM, Jain, B, Kirk, D, Kacprzak, T, Krawiec, C, Plazas, AA, Rollins, RP, Rykoff, ES, Sevilla-Noarbe, I, Soergel, B, Varga, TN, Abbott, TMC, Abdalla, FB, Allam, S, Annis, J, Bechtol, K, Benoit-Lévy, A, Bertin, E, Buckley-Geer, E, Burke, DL, Rosell, A Carnero, Kind, M Carrasco, Carretero, J, Castander, FJ, Crocce, M, Cunha, CE, D’Andrea, CB, da Costa, LN, Davis, C, Desai, S, Diehl, HT, Dietrich, JP, Doel, P, Eifler, TF, Estrada, J, Evrard, AE, Neto, A Fausti, Fernandez, E, Flaugher, B, Fosalba, P, Frieman, J, García-Bellido, J, Gaztanaga, E, Gerdes, DW, Giannantonio, T, Gschwend, J, Gutierrez, G, Hartley, WG, Honscheid, K, James, DJ, Jeltema, T, Johnson, MWG, Johnson, MD, Kuehn, K, Kuhlmann, S, Kuropatkin, N, Lahav, O, Li, TS, Lima, M, Maia, MAG, March, M, Martini, P, Melchior, P, Menanteau, F, Miller, CJ, Miquel, R, Mohr, JJ, Neilsen, E, Nichol, RC, Ogando, RLC, Roe, N, Romer, AK, Roodman, A, Sanchez, E, Scarpine, V, Schindler, R, Schubnell, M, Smith, M, Smith, RC, Soares-Santos, M, Sobreira, F, Suchyta, E, and Swanson, MEC

Subjects
Space Sciences, Physical Sciences, astro-ph.CO, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical sciences, Particle and high energy physics, Space sciences
Abstract

We present two galaxy shape catalogues from the Dark Energy Survey Year 1 data set, covering 1500 deg2 with a median redshift of 0.59. The catalogues cover two main fields: Stripe 82, and an area overlapping the South Pole Telescope survey region. We describe our data analysis process and in particular our shape measurement using two independent shear measurement pipelines, METACALIBRATION and IM3SHAPE. The METACALIBRATION catalogue uses a Gaussian model with an innovative internal calibration scheme, and was applied to riz bands, yielding 34.8M objects. The IM3SHAPE catalogue uses amaximum-likelihood bulge/disc model calibrated using simulations, and was applied to r-band data, yielding 21.9M objects. Both catalogues pass a suite of null tests that demonstrate their fitness for use in weak lensing science. We estimate the 1σ uncertainties in multiplicative shear calibration to be 0.013 and 0.025 for the METACALIBRATION and IM3SHAPE catalogues, respectively.

Published
2018

361. The STRong lensing Insights into the Dark Energy Survey (STRIDES) 2016 follow-up campaign – I. Overview and classification of candidates selected by two techniques

Author

Treu, T, Agnello, A, Baumer, MA, Birrer, S, Buckley-Geer, EJ, Courbin, F, Kim, YJ, Lin, H, Marshall, PJ, Nord, B, Schechter, PL, Sivakumar, PR, Abramson, LE, Anguita, T, Apostolovski, Y, Auger, MW, Chan, JHH, Chen, GCF, Collett, TE, Fassnacht, CD, Hsueh, J-W, Lemon, C, McMahon, RG, Motta, V, Ostrovski, F, Rojas, K, Rusu, CE, Williams, P, Frieman, J, Meylan, G, Suyu, SH, Abbott, TMC, Abdalla, FB, Allam, S, Annis, J, Avila, S, Banerji, M, Brooks, D, Rosell, A Carnero, Kind, M Carrasco, Carretero, J, Castander, FJ, D’Andrea, CB, da Costa, LN, De Vicente, J, Doel, P, Eifler, TF, Flaugher, B, Fosalba, P, García-Bellido, J, Goldstein, DA, Gruen, D, Gruendl, RA, Gutierrez, G, Hartley, WG, Hollowood, D, Honscheid, K, James, DJ, Kuehn, K, Kuropatkin, N, Lima, M, Maia, MAG, Martini, P, Menanteau, F, Miquel, R, Plazas, AA, Romer, AK, Sanchez, E, Scarpine, V, Schindler, R, Schubnell, M, Sevilla-Noarbe, I, Smith, M, Smith, RC, Soares-Santos, M, Sobreira, F, Suchyta, E, Swanson, MEC, Tarle, G, Thomas, D, Tucker, DL, and Walker, AR

Subjects
Astronomical Sciences, Physical Sciences, Bioengineering, Affordable and Clean Energy, gravitational lensing: strong, methods: statistical, catalogues, astro-ph.CO, astro-ph.GA, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical sciences, Particle and high energy physics, Space sciences
Abstract

The primary goals of the STRong lensing Insights into the Dark Energy Survey (STRIDES) collaboration are to measure the dark energy equation of state parameter and the free streaming length of dark matter. To this aim, STRIDES is discovering strongly lensed quasars in the imaging data of the Dark Energy Survey and following them up to measure time delays, high resolution imaging, and spectroscopy sufficient to construct accurate lens models. In this paper, we first present forecasts for STRIDES. Then, we describe the STRIDES classification scheme, and give an overview of the Fall 2016 follow-up campaign. We continue by detailing the results of two selection methods, the outlier selection technique and a morphological algorithm, and presenting lens models of a system that could possibly be a lensed quasar in an unusual configuration. We conclude with the summary statistics of the Fall 2016 campaign. Including searches presented in companion papers (Anguita et al.; Ostrovski et al.), STRIDES followed up 117 targets identifying 7 new strongly lensed systems, and 7 nearly identical quasars, which could be confirmed as lenses by the detection of the lens galaxy. 76 candidates were rejected and 27 remain otherwise inconclusive, for a success rate in the range of 6-35 per cent. This rate is comparable to that of previous searches like SDSS Quasar Lens Search even though the parent data set of STRIDES is purely photometric and our selection of candidates cannot rely on spectroscopic information.

Published
2018

362. Dark Energy Survey Year 1 Results: A Precise H0 Estimate from DES Y1, BAO, and D/H Data

Author

Abbott, TMC, Abdalla, FB, Annis, J, Bechtol, K, Blazek, J, Benson, BA, Bernstein, RA, Bernstein, GM, Bertin, E, Brooks, D, Burke, DL, Rosell, A Carnero, Kind, M Carrasco, Carretero, J, Castander, FJ, Chang, CL, Crawford, TM, Cunha, CE, D’Andrea, CB, da Costa, LN, Davis, C, DeRose, J, Desai, S, Diehl, HT, Dietrich, JP, Doel, P, Drlica-Wagner, A, Evrard, AE, Fernandez, E, Flaugher, B, Fosalba, P, Frieman, J, García-Bellido, J, Gaztanaga, E, Gerdes, DW, Giannantonio, T, Gruen, D, Gruendl, RA, Gschwend, J, Gutierrez, G, Hartley, WG, Henning, JW, Honscheid, K, Hoyle, B, Huterer, D, Jain, B, James, DJ, Jarvis, M, Jeltema, T, Johnson, MD, Johnson, MWG, Krause, E, Kuehn, K, Kuhlmann, S, Kuropatkin, N, Lahav, O, Liddle, AR, Lima, M, Lin, H, MacCrann, N, Maia, MAG, Manzotti, A, March, M, Marshall, JL, Miquel, R, Mohr, JJ, Natoli, T, Nugent, P, Ogando, RLC, Park, Y, Plazas, AA, Reichardt, CL, Reil, K, Roodman, A, Ross, AJ, Rozo, E, Rykoff, ES, Sanchez, E, Scarpine, V, Schubnell, M, Scolnic, D, Sevilla-Noarbe, I, Sheldon, E, Smith, M, Smith, RC, Soares-Santos, M, Sobreira, F, Suchyta, E, Tarle, G, Thomas, D, Troxel, MA, Walker, AR, Wechsler, RH, Weller, J, Wester, W, Wu, WLK, Zuntz, J, and Collaborations), The Dark Energy Survey and the South Pole Telescope

Subjects
Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, Affordable and Clean Energy, cosmological parameters, cosmology: observations, distance scale, astro-ph.CO, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical sciences, Particle and high energy physics, Space sciences
Abstract

We combine Dark Energy Survey Year 1 clustering and weak lensing data with baryon acoustic oscillations and Big Bang nucleosynthesis experiments to constrain the Hubble constant. Assuming a flat ΛCDM model with minimal neutrino mass (Σmυ = 0.06 eV), we find H0 = 67.4 -1.2+1.1 km s-1 Mpc-1 (68 per cent CL). This result is completely independent of Hubble constant measurements based on the distance ladder, cosmic microwave background anisotropies (both temperature and polarization), and strong lensing constraints. There are now five data sets that: (a) have no shared observational systematics; and (b) each constrains the Hubble constant with fractional uncertainty at the few-per cent level. We compare these five independent estimates, and find that, as a set, the differences between them are significant at the 2.5σ level (χ2/dof = 24/11, probability to exceed = 1.1 per cent). Having set the threshold for consistency at 3σ, we combine all five data sets to arrive at H0 = 69.3-0.6+0.4 km s-1 Mpc-1.

Published
2018

363. Dark Energy Survey Year 1 results: Weak lensing shape catalogues

Author

Zunt, J, Sheldon, E, Samuroff, S, Troxel, MA, Jarvis, M, MacCrann, N, Gruen, D, Prat, J, Sánchez, C, Choi, A, Bridle, SL, Bernstein, GM, Dodelson, S, Drlica-Wagner, A, Fang, Y, Gruendl, RA, Hoyle, B, Huff, EM, Jain, B, Kirk, D, Kacprzak, T, Krawiec, C, Plazas, AA, Rollins, RP, Rykoff, ES, Sevilla-Noarbe, I, Soergel, B, Varga, TN, Abbott, TMC, Abdalla, FB, Allam, S, Annis, J, Bechtol, K, Benoit-Lévy, A, Bertin, E, Buckley-Geer, E, Burke, DL, Carnero Rosell, A, Carrasco Kind, M, Carretero, J, Castander, FJ, Crocce, M, Cunha, CE, D'Andrea, CB, da Costa, LN, Davis, C, Desai, S, Diehl, HT, Dietrich, JP, Doel, P, Eifler, TF, Estrada, J, Evrard, AE, Fausti Neto, A, Fernandez, E, Flaugher, B, Fosalba, P, Frieman, J, García-Bellido, J, Gaztanaga, E, Gerdes, DW, Giannantonio, T, Gschwend, J, Gutierrez, G, Hartley, WG, Honscheid, K, James, DJ, Jeltema, T, Johnson, MWG, Johnson, MD, Kuehn, K, Kuhlmann, S, Kuropatkin, N, Lahav, O, Li, TS, Lima, M, Maia, MAG, March, M, Martini, P, Melchior, P, Menanteau, F, Miller, CJ, Miquel, R, Mohr, JJ, Neilsen, E, Nichol, RC, Ogando, RLC, Roe, N, Romer, AK, Roodman, A, Sanchez, E, Scarpine, V, Schindler, R, Schubnell, M, Smith, M, Smith, RC, Soares-Santos, M, Sobreira, F, Suchyta, E, and Swanson, MEC

Subjects
astro-ph.CO, Astronomical And Space Sciences, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical and Space Sciences
Abstract

We present two galaxy shape catalogues from the Dark Energy Survey Year 1 data set, covering 1500 deg2 with a median redshift of 0.59. The catalogues cover two main fields: Stripe 82, and an area overlapping the South Pole Telescope survey region. We describe our data analysis process and in particular our shape measurement using two independent shear measurement pipelines, METACALIBRATION and IM3SHAPE. The METACALIBRATION catalogue uses a Gaussian model with an innovative internal calibration scheme, and was applied to riz bands, yielding 34.8M objects. The IM3SHAPE catalogue uses amaximum-likelihood bulge/disc model calibrated using simulations, and was applied to r-band data, yielding 21.9M objects. Both catalogues pass a suite of null tests that demonstrate their fitness for use in weak lensing science. We estimate the 1σ uncertainties in multiplicative shear calibration to be 0.013 and 0.025 for the METACALIBRATION and IM3SHAPE catalogues, respectively.

Published
2018

364. The Splashback Feature around DES Galaxy Clusters: Galaxy Density and Weak Lensing Profiles

Author

Chang, C, Baxter, E, Jain, B, Sánchez, C, Adhikari, S, Varga, TN, Fang, Y, Rozo, E, Rykoff, ES, Kravtsov, A, Gruen, D, Hartley, W, Huff, EM, Jarvis, M, Kim, AG, Prat, J, MacCrann, N, McClintock, T, Palmese, A, Rapetti, D, Rollins, RP, Samuroff, S, Sheldon, E, Troxel, MA, Wechsler, RH, Zhang, Y, Zuntz, J, Abbott, TMC, Abdalla, FB, Allam, S, Annis, J, Bechtol, K, Benoit-Lévy, A, Bernstein, GM, Brooks, D, Buckley-Geer, E, Rosell, A Carnero, Kind, M Carrasco, Carretero, J, D’Andrea, CB, da Costa, LN, Davis, C, Desai, S, Diehl, HT, Dietrich, JP, Drlica-Wagner, A, Eifler, TF, Flaugher, B, Fosalba, P, Frieman, J, García-Bellido, J, Gaztanaga, E, Gerdes, DW, Gruendl, RA, Gschwend, J, Gutierrez, G, Honscheid, K, James, DJ, Jeltema, T, Krause, E, Kuehn, K, Lahav, O, Lima, M, March, M, Marshall, JL, Martini, P, Melchior, P, Menanteau, F, Miquel, R, Mohr, JJ, Nord, B, Ogando, RLC, Plazas, AA, Sanchez, E, Scarpine, V, Schindler, R, Schubnell, M, Sevilla-Noarbe, I, Smith, M, Smith, RC, Soares-Santos, M, Sobreira, F, Suchyta, E, Swanson, MEC, Tarle, G, and Weller, J

Subjects
Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Physical Sciences, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural), Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical sciences, Particle and high energy physics, Space sciences
Abstract

Splashback refers to the process of matter that is accreting onto a dark matter halo reaching its first orbital apocenter and turning around in its orbit. The clustercentric radius at which this process occurs, r sp, defines a halo boundary that is connected to the dynamics of the cluster. A rapid decline in the halo profile is expected near r sp. We measure the galaxy number density and weak lensing mass profiles around redMaPPer galaxy clusters in the first-year Dark Energy Survey (DES) data. For a cluster sample with mean M 200m mass ≈2.5 × 1014 M o, we find strong evidence of a splashback-like steepening of the galaxy density profile and measure r sp = 1.13 ± 0.07 h -1 Mpc, consistent with the earlier Sloan Digital Sky Survey measurements of More et al. and Baxter et al. Moreover, our weak lensing measurement demonstrates for the first time the existence of a splashback-like steepening of the matter profile of galaxy clusters. We measure r sp = 1.34 ± 0.21 h -1 Mpc from the weak lensing data, in good agreement with our galaxy density measurements. For different cluster and galaxy samples, we find that, consistent with ΛCDM simulations, r sp scales with R 200m and does not evolve with redshift over the redshift range of 0.3-0.6. We also find that potential systematic effects associated with the redMaPPer algorithm may impact the location of r sp. We discuss the progress needed to understand the systematic uncertainties and fully exploit forthcoming data from DES and future surveys, emphasizing the importance of more realistic mock catalogs and independent cluster samples.

Published
2018

365. Dark Energy Survey Year 1 results: Cosmological constraints from cosmic shear

Author

Troxel, MA, MacCrann, N, Zuntz, J, Eifler, TF, Krause, E, Dodelson, S, Gruen, D, Blazek, J, Friedrich, O, Samuroff, S, Prat, J, Secco, LF, Davis, C, Ferté, A, DeRose, J, Alarcon, A, Amara, A, Baxter, E, Becker, MR, Bernstein, GM, Bridle, SL, Cawthon, R, Chang, C, Choi, A, De Vicente, J, Drlica-Wagner, A, Elvin-Poole, J, Frieman, J, Gatti, M, Hartley, WG, Honscheid, K, Hoyle, B, Huff, EM, Huterer, D, Jain, B, Jarvis, M, Kacprzak, T, Kirk, D, Kokron, N, Krawiec, C, Lahav, O, Liddle, AR, Peacock, J, Rau, MM, Refregier, A, Rollins, RP, Rozo, E, Rykoff, ES, Sánchez, C, Sevilla-Noarbe, I, Sheldon, E, Stebbins, A, Varga, TN, Vielzeuf, P, Wang, M, Wechsler, RH, Yanny, B, Abbott, TMC, Abdalla, FB, Allam, S, Annis, J, Bechtol, K, Benoit-Lévy, A, Bertin, E, Brooks, D, Buckley-Geer, E, Burke, DL, Rosell, A Carnero, Kind, M Carrasco, Carretero, J, Castander, FJ, Crocce, M, Cunha, CE, D’Andrea, CB, da Costa, LN, DePoy, DL, Desai, S, Diehl, HT, Dietrich, JP, Doel, P, Fernandez, E, Flaugher, B, Fosalba, P, García-Bellido, J, Gaztanaga, E, Gerdes, DW, Giannantonio, T, Goldstein, DA, Gruendl, RA, Gschwend, J, Gutierrez, G, James, DJ, Jeltema, T, Johnson, MWG, Johnson, MD, Kent, S, Kuehn, K, Kuhlmann, S, Kuropatkin, N, and Li, TS

Subjects
Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, astro-ph.CO
Abstract

We use 26×106 galaxies from the Dark Energy Survey (DES) Year 1 shape catalogs over 1321 deg2 of the sky to produce the most significant measurement of cosmic shear in a galaxy survey to date. We constrain cosmological parameters in both the flat ΛCDM and the wCDM models, while also varying the neutrino mass density. These results are shown to be robust using two independent shape catalogs, two independent photo-z calibration methods, and two independent analysis pipelines in a blind analysis. We find a 3.5% fractional uncertainty on σ8(Ωm/0.3)0.5=0.782-0.027+0.027 at 68% C.L., which is a factor of 2.5 improvement over the fractional constraining power of our DES Science Verification results. In wCDM, we find a 4.8% fractional uncertainty on σ8(Ωm/0.3)0.5=0.777-0.038+0.036 and a dark energy equation-of-state w=-0.95-0.39+0.33. We find results that are consistent with previous cosmic shear constraints in σ8 - Ωm, and we see no evidence for disagreement of our weak lensing data with data from the cosmic microwave background. Finally, we find no evidence preferring a wCDM model allowing w≠-1. We expect further significant improvements with subsequent years of DES data, which will more than triple the sky coverage of our shape catalogs and double the effective integrated exposure time per galaxy.

Published
2018

366. Dark Energy Survey year 1 results: Galaxy-galaxy lensing

Author

Prat, J, Sánchez, C, Fang, Y, Gruen, D, Elvin-Poole, J, Kokron, N, Secco, LF, Jain, B, Miquel, R, MacCrann, N, Troxel, MA, Alarcon, A, Bacon, D, Bernstein, GM, Blazek, J, Cawthon, R, Chang, C, Crocce, M, Davis, C, De Vicente, J, Dietrich, JP, Drlica-Wagner, A, Friedrich, O, Gatti, M, Hartley, WG, Hoyle, B, Huff, EM, Jarvis, M, Rau, MM, Rollins, RP, Ross, AJ, Rozo, E, Rykoff, ES, Samuroff, S, Sheldon, E, Varga, TN, Vielzeuf, P, Zuntz, J, Abbott, TMC, Abdalla, FB, Allam, S, Annis, J, Bechtol, K, Benoit-Lévy, A, Bertin, E, Brooks, D, Buckley-Geer, E, Burke, DL, Rosell, A Carnero, Kind, M Carrasco, Carretero, J, Castander, FJ, Cunha, CE, D’Andrea, CB, da Costa, LN, Desai, S, Diehl, HT, Dodelson, S, Eifler, TF, Fernandez, E, Flaugher, B, Fosalba, P, Frieman, J, García-Bellido, J, Gaztanaga, E, Gerdes, DW, Giannantonio, T, Goldstein, DA, Gruendl, RA, Gschwend, J, Gutierrez, G, Honscheid, K, James, DJ, Jeltema, T, Johnson, MWG, Johnson, MD, Kirk, D, Krause, E, Kuehn, K, Kuhlmann, S, Lahav, O, Li, TS, Lima, M, Maia, MAG, March, M, Marshall, JL, Martini, P, Melchior, P, Menanteau, F, Mohr, JJ, Nichol, RC, Nord, B, Plazas, AA, Romer, AK, Roodman, A, Sako, M, Sanchez, E, Scarpine, V, Schindler, R, and Schubnell, M

Subjects
Astronomical Sciences, Physical Sciences, astro-ph.CO
Abstract

We present galaxy-galaxy lensing measurements from 1321 sq. deg. of the Dark Energy Survey (DES) Year 1 (Y1) data. The lens sample consists of a selection of 660,000 red galaxies with high-precision photometric redshifts, known as redMaGiC, split into five tomographic bins in the redshift range 0.15

Published
2018

367. Dark Energy Survey year 1 results: Cosmological constraints from galaxy clustering and weak lensing

Author

Abbott, TMC, Abdalla, FB, Alarcon, A, Aleksić, J, Allam, S, Allen, S, Amara, A, Annis, J, Asorey, J, Avila, S, Bacon, D, Balbinot, E, Banerji, M, Banik, N, Barkhouse, W, Baumer, M, Baxter, E, Bechtol, K, Becker, MR, Benoit-Lévy, A, Benson, BA, Bernstein, GM, Bertin, E, Blazek, J, Bridle, SL, Brooks, D, Brout, D, Buckley-Geer, E, Burke, DL, Busha, MT, Campos, A, Capozzi, D, Rosell, A Carnero, Kind, M Carrasco, Carretero, J, Castander, FJ, Cawthon, R, Chang, C, Chen, N, Childress, M, Choi, A, Conselice, C, Crittenden, R, Crocce, M, Cunha, CE, D’Andrea, CB, da Costa, LN, Das, R, Davis, TM, Davis, C, De Vicente, J, DePoy, DL, DeRose, J, Desai, S, Diehl, HT, Dietrich, JP, Dodelson, S, Doel, P, Drlica-Wagner, A, Eifler, TF, Elliott, AE, Elsner, F, Elvin-Poole, J, Estrada, J, Evrard, AE, Fang, Y, Fernandez, E, Ferté, A, Finley, DA, Flaugher, B, Fosalba, P, Friedrich, O, Frieman, J, García-Bellido, J, Garcia-Fernandez, M, Gatti, M, Gaztanaga, E, Gerdes, DW, Giannantonio, T, Gill, MSS, Glazebrook, K, Goldstein, DA, Gruen, D, Gruendl, RA, Gschwend, J, Gutierrez, G, Hamilton, S, Hartley, WG, Hinton, SR, Honscheid, K, Hoyle, B, Huterer, D, Jain, B, James, DJ, Jarvis, M, Jeltema, T, Johnson, MD, Johnson, MWG, Kacprzak, T, and Kent, S

Subjects
Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, astro-ph.CO, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Quantum Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Mathematical physics, Astronomical sciences, Particle and high energy physics
Abstract

We present cosmological results from a combined analysis of galaxy clustering and weak gravitational lensing, using 1321 deg2 of griz imaging data from the first year of the Dark Energy Survey (DES Y1). We combine three two-point functions: (i) the cosmic shear correlation function of 26 million source galaxies in four redshift bins, (ii) the galaxy angular autocorrelation function of 650,000 luminous red galaxies in five redshift bins, and (iii) the galaxy-shear cross-correlation of luminous red galaxy positions and source galaxy shears. To demonstrate the robustness of these results, we use independent pairs of galaxy shape, photometric-redshift estimation and validation, and likelihood analysis pipelines. To prevent confirmation bias, the bulk of the analysis was carried out while "blind" to the true results; we describe an extensive suite of systematics checks performed and passed during this blinded phase. The data are modeled in flat ΛCDM and wCDM cosmologies, marginalizing over 20 nuisance parameters, varying 6 (for ΛCDM) or 7 (for wCDM) cosmological parameters including the neutrino mass density and including the 457×457 element analytic covariance matrix. We find consistent cosmological results from these three two-point functions and from their combination obtain S8≡σ8(Ωm/0.3)0.5=0.773-0.020+0.026 and Ωm=0.267-0.017+0.030 for ΛCDM; for wCDM, we find S8=0.782-0.024+0.036, Ωm=0.284-0.030+0.033, and w=-0.82-0.20+0.21 at 68% C.L. The precision of these DES Y1 constraints rivals that from the Planck cosmic microwave background measurements, allowing a comparison of structure in the very early and late Universe on equal terms. Although the DES Y1 best-fit values for S8 and Ωm are lower than the central values from Planck for both ΛCDM and wCDM, the Bayes factor indicates that the DES Y1 and Planck data sets are consistent with each other in the context of ΛCDM. Combining DES Y1 with Planck, baryonic acoustic oscillation measurements from SDSS, 6dF, and BOSS and type Ia supernovae from the Joint Lightcurve Analysis data set, we derive very tight constraints on cosmological parameters: S8=0.802±0.012 and Ωm=0.298±0.007 in ΛCDM and w=-1.00-0.04+0.05 in wCDM. Upcoming Dark Energy Survey analyses will provide more stringent tests of the ΛCDM model and extensions such as a time-varying equation of state of dark energy or modified gravity.

Published
2018

368. Dark Energy Survey Year 1 Results: redshift distributions of the weak-lensing source galaxies

Author

Hoyle, B, Gruen, D, Bernstein, GM, Rau, MM, De Vicente, J, Hartley, WG, Gaztanaga, E, DeRose, J, Troxel, MA, Davis, C, Alarcon, A, MacCrann, N, Prat, J, Sánchez, C, Sheldon, E, Wechsler, RH, Asorey, J, Becker, MR, Bonnett, C, Rosell, A Carnero, Carollo, D, Kind, M Carrasco, Castander, FJ, Cawthon, R, Chang, C, Childress, M, Davis, TM, Drlica-Wagner, A, Gatti, M, Glazebrook, K, Gschwend, J, Hinton, SR, Hoormann, JK, Kim, AG, King, A, Kuehn, K, Lewis, G, Lidman, C, Lin, H, Macaulay, E, Maia, MAG, Martini, P, Mudd, D, Möller, A, Nichol, RC, Ogando, RLC, Rollins, RP, Roodman, A, Ross, AJ, Rozo, E, Rykoff, ES, Samuroff, S, Sevilla-Noarbe, I, Sharp, R, Sommer, NE, Tucker, BE, Uddin, SA, Varga, TN, Vielzeuf, P, Yuan, F, Zhang, B, Abbott, TMC, Abdalla, FB, Allam, S, Annis, J, Bechtol, K, Benoit-Lévy, A, Bertin, E, Brooks, D, Buckley-Geer, E, Burke, DL, Busha, MT, Capozzi, D, Carretero, J, Crocce, M, D’Andrea, CB, da Costa, LN, DePoy, DL, Desai, S, Diehl, HT, Doel, P, Eifler, TF, Estrada, J, Evrard, AE, Fernandez, E, Flaugher, B, Fosalba, P, Frieman, J, García-Bellido, J, Gerdes, DW, Giannantonio, T, Goldstein, DA, Gruendl, RA, Gutierrez, G, Honscheid, K, James, DJ, Jarvis, M, Jeltema, T, Johnson, MWG, and Johnson, MD

Subjects
methods: data analysis, catalogues, surveys, astro-ph.CO, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Astronomy & Astrophysics
Abstract

We describe the derivation and validation of redshift distribution estimates and their uncertainties for the populations of galaxies used as weak-lensing sources in the Dark Energy Survey (DES) Year 1 cosmological analyses. The Bayesian Photometric Redshift (BPZ) code is used to assign galaxies to four redshift bins between z ≈ 0.2 and ≈1.3, and to produce initial estimates of the lensing-weighted redshift distributions nPZi(z) ∝ dni/dz for members of bin i. Accurate determination of cosmological parameters depends critically on knowledge of ni, but is insensitive to bin assignments or redshift errors for individual galaxies. The cosmological analyses allow for shifts ni (z) = nPZi(z - Δzi) to correct themean redshift of ni(z) for biases in nPZi. The Δzi are constrained by comparison of independently estimated 30-band photometric redshifts of galaxies in the Cosmic Evolution Survey (COSMOS) field to BPZ estimates made from the DES griz fluxes, for a sample matched in fluxes, pre-seeing size, and lensing weight to the DES weak-lensing sources. In companion papers, the Δzi of the three lowest redshift bins are further constrained by the angular clustering of the source galaxies around red galaxies with secure photometric redshifts at 0.15 < z < 0.9. This paper details the BPZ and COSMOS procedures, and demonstrates that the cosmological inference is insensitive to details of the ni(z) beyond the choice of Δzi. The clustering and COSMOS validation methods produce consistent estimates of Δzi in the bins where both can be applied, with combined uncertainties of σΔzi = 0.015, 0.013, 0.011, and 0.022 in the four bins. Repeating the photo-z procedure instead using the Directional Neighbourhood Fitting algorithm, or using the ni(z) estimated from the matched sample in COSMOS, yields no discernible difference in cosmological inferences.

Published
2018

369. Dark Energy Survey Year 1 results: cross-correlation redshifts – methods and systematics characterization

Author

Gatti, M, Vielzeuf, P, Davis, C, Cawthon, R, Rau, MM, DeRose, J, De Vicente, J, Alarcon, A, Rozo, E, Gaztanaga, E, Hoyle, B, Miquel, R, Bernstein, GM, Bonnett, C, Rosell, A Carnero, Castander, FJ, Chang, C, da Costa, LN, Gruen, D, Gschwend, J, Hartley, WG, Lin, H, MacCrann, N, Maia, MAG, Ogando, RLC, Roodman, A, Sevilla-Noarbe, I, Troxel, MA, Wechsler, RH, Asorey, J, Davis, TM, Glazebrook, K, Hinton, SR, Lewis, G, Lidman, C, Macaulay, E, Möller, A, O'Neill, CR, Sommer, NE, Uddin, SA, Yuan, F, Zhang, B, Abbott, TMC, Allam, S, Annis, J, Bechtol, K, Brooks, D, Burke, DL, Carollo, D, Kind, M Carrasco, Carretero, J, Cunha, CE, D'Andrea, CB, DePoy, DL, Desai, S, Eifler, TF, Evrard, AE, Flaugher, B, Fosalba, P, Frieman, J, García-Bellido, J, Gerdes, DW, Goldstein, DA, Gruendl, RA, Gutierrez, G, Honscheid, K, Hoormann, JK, Jain, B, James, DJ, Jarvis, M, Jeltema, T, Johnson, MWG, Johnson, MD, Krause, E, Kuehn, K, Kuhlmann, S, Kuropatkin, N, Li, TS, Lima, M, Marshall, JL, Melchior, P, Menanteau, F, Nichol, RC, Nord, B, Plazas, AA, Reil, K, Rykoff, ES, Sako, M, Sanchez, E, Scarpine, V, Schubnell, M, Sheldon, E, Smith, M, Smith, RC, Soares-Santos, M, Sobreira, F, Suchyta, E, Swanson, MEC, Tarle, G, and Thomas, D

Subjects
Astronomical Sciences, Physical Sciences, galaxies: distances and redshifts, cosmology: observations, astro-ph.CO, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical sciences, Particle and high energy physics, Space sciences
Abstract

We use numerical simulations to characterize the performance of a clustering-based method to calibrate photometric redshift biases. In particular, we cross-correlate the weak lensing source galaxies from the Dark Energy Survey Year 1 sample with redMaGiC galaxies (luminous red galaxies with secure photometric redshifts) to estimate the redshift distribution of the former sample. The recovered redshift distributions are used to calibrate the photometric redshift bias of standard photo-z methods applied to the same source galaxy sample.We apply the method to two photo-z codes run in our simulated data: Bayesian Photometric Redshift and Directional Neighbourhood Fitting. We characterize the systematic uncertainties of our calibration procedure, and find that these systematic uncertainties dominate our error budget. The dominant systematics are due to our assumption of unevolving bias and clustering across each redshift bin, and to differences between the shapes of the redshift distributions derived by clustering versus photo-zs. The systematic uncertainty in the mean redshift bias of the source galaxy sample is Δz ≲ 0.02, though the precise value depends on the redshift bin under consideration. We discuss possible ways to mitigate the impact of our dominant systematics in future analyses.

Published
2018

370. A measurement of CMB cluster lensing with SPT and DES year 1 data

Author

Baxter, EJ, Raghunathan, S, Crawford, TM, Fosalba, P, Hou, Z, Holder, GP, Omori, Y, Patil, S, Rozo, E, Abbott, TMC, Annis, J, Aylor, K, Benoit-Lévy, A, Benson, BA, Bertin, E, Bleem, L, Buckley-Geer, E, Burke, DL, Carlstrom, J, Rosell, A Carnero, Kind, M Carrasco, Carretero, J, Chang, CL, Cho, H-M, Crites, AT, Crocce, M, Cunha, CE, da Costa, LN, D'Andrea, CB, Davis, C, de Haan, T, Desai, S, Dietrich, JP, Dobbs, MA, Dodelson, S, Doel, P, Drlica-Wagner, A, Estrada, J, Everett, WB, Neto, A Fausti, Flaugher, B, Frieman, J, García-Bellido, J, George, EM, Gaztanaga, E, Giannantonio, T, Gruen, D, Gruendl, RA, Gschwend, J, Gutierrez, G, Halverson, NW, Harrington, NL, Hartley, WG, Holzapfel, WL, Honscheid, K, Hrubes, JD, Jain, B, James, DJ, Jarvis, M, Jeltema, T, Knox, L, Krause, E, Kuehn, K, Kuhlmann, S, Kuropatkin, N, Lahav, O, Lee, AT, Leitch, EM, Li, TS, Lima, M, Luong-Van, D, Manzotti, A, March, M, Marrone, DP, Marshall, JL, Martini, P, McMahon, JJ, Melchior, P, Menanteau, F, Meyer, SS, Miller, CJ, Miquel, R, Mocanu, LM, Mohr, JJ, Natoli, T, Nord, B, Ogando, RLC, Padin, S, Plazas, AA, Pryke, C, Rapetti, D, Reichardt, CL, Romer, AK, Roodman, A, Ruhl, JE, Rykoff, E, Sako, M, Sanchez, E, Sayre, JT, and Scarpine, V

Subjects
Astronomical Sciences, Physical Sciences, gravitational lensing: weak, galaxies: clusters: general, cosmic background radiation, astro-ph.CO, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical sciences, Particle and high energy physics, Space sciences
Abstract

Clusters of galaxies gravitationally lens the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation, resulting in a distinct imprint in the CMB on arcminute scales. Measurement of this effect offers a promising way to constrain the masses of galaxy clusters, particularly those at high redshift. We use CMB maps from the South Pole Telescope Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) survey to measure the CMB lensing signal around galaxy clusters identified in optical imaging from first year observations of the Dark Energy Survey. The cluster catalogue used in this analysis contains 3697 members with mean redshift of z = 0.45. We detect lensing of the CMB by the galaxy clusters at 8.1s significance. Using the measured lensing signal, we constrain the amplitude of the relation between cluster mass and optical richness to roughly 17 per cent precision, finding good agreement with recent constraints obtained with galaxy lensing. The error budget is dominated by statistical noise but includes significant contributions from systematic biases due to the thermal SZ effect and cluster miscentring.

Published
2018

371. Studying the Ultraviolet Spectrum of the First Spectroscopically Confirmed Supernova at Redshift Two

Author

Smith, M, Sullivan, M, Nichol, RC, Galbany, L, D’Andrea, CB, Inserra, C, Lidman, C, Rest, A, Schirmer, M, Filippenko, AV, Zheng, W, Cenko, S Bradley, Angus, CR, Brown, PJ, Davis, TM, Finley, DA, Foley, RJ, González-Gaitán, S, Gutiérrez, CP, Kessler, R, Kuhlmann, S, Marriner, J, Möller, A, Nugent, PE, Prajs, S, Thomas, R, Wolf, R, Zenteno, A, Abbott, TMC, Abdalla, FB, Allam, S, Annis, J, Bechtol, K, Benoit-Lévy, A, Bertin, E, Brooks, D, Burke, DL, Rosell, A Carnero, Kind, M Carrasco, Carretero, J, Castander, FJ, Crocce, M, Cunha, CE, da Costa, LN, Davis, C, Desai, S, Diehl, HT, Doel, P, Eifler, TF, Flaugher, B, Fosalba, P, Frieman, J, García-Bellido, J, Gaztanaga, E, Gerdes, DW, Goldstein, DA, Gruen, D, Gruendl, RA, Gschwend, J, Gutierrez, G, Honscheid, K, James, DJ, Johnson, MWG, Kuehn, K, Kuropatkin, N, Li, TS, Lima, M, Maia, MAG, Marshall, JL, Martini, P, Menanteau, F, Miller, CJ, Miquel, R, Ogando, RLC, Petravick, D, Plazas, AA, Romer, AK, Rykoff, ES, Sako, M, Sanchez, E, Scarpine, V, Schindler, R, Schubnell, M, Sevilla-Noarbe, I, Smith, RC, Soares-Santos, M, Sobreira, F, Suchyta, E, Swanson, MEC, Tarle, G, and Walker, AR

Subjects
Space Sciences, Physical Sciences, Astronomical Sciences, distance scale, supernovae: general, supernovae: individual, surveys, astro-ph.HE, astro-ph.CO, astro-ph.GA, astro-ph.SR, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural), Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical sciences, Particle and high energy physics, Space sciences
Abstract

We present observations of DES16C2nm, the first spectroscopically confirmed hydrogen-free superluminous supernova (SLSN-I) at redshift z ≊ 2. DES16C2nm was discovered by the Dark Energy Survey (DES) Supernova Program, with follow-up photometric data from the Hubble Space Telescope, Gemini, and the European Southern Observatory Very Large Telescope supplementing the DES data. Spectroscopic observations confirm DES16C2nm to be at z = 1.998, and spectroscopically similar to Gaia16apd (a SLSN-I at z = 0.102), with a peak absolute magnitude of U = -22.26 ± 0.06. The high redshift of DES16C2nm provides a unique opportunity to study the ultraviolet (UV) properties of SLSNe-I. Combining DES16C2nm with 10 similar events from the literature, we show that there exists a homogeneous class of SLSNe-I in the UV (λrest ≊ 2500 Å), with peak luminosities in the (rest-frame) U band, and increasing absorption to shorter wavelengths. There is no evidence that the mean photometric and spectroscopic properties of SLSNe-I differ between low (z < 1) and high redshift (z > 1), but there is clear evidence of diversity in the spectrum at λrest < 2000 Å, possibly caused by the variations in temperature between events. No significant correlations are observed between spectral line velocities and photometric luminosity. Using these data, we estimate that SLSNe-I can be discovered to z = 3.8 by DES. While SLSNe-I are typically identified from their blue observed colors at low redshift (z < 1), we highlight that at z > 2 these events appear optically red, peaking in the observer-frame z-band. Such characteristics are critical to identify these objects with future facilities such as the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope, Euclid, and the Wide-field Infrared Survey Telescope, which should detect such SLSNe-I to z = 3.5, 3.7, and 6.6, respectively.

Published
2018

372. How Many Kilonovae Can Be Found in Past, Present, and Future Survey Data Sets?

Author

Scolnic, D, Kessler, R, Brout, D, Cowperthwaite, PS, Soares-Santos, M, Annis, J, Herner, K, Chen, H-Y, Sako, M, Doctor, Z, Butler, RE, Palmese, A, Diehl, HT, Frieman, J, Holz, DE, Berger, E, Chornock, R, Villar, VA, Nicholl, M, Biswas, R, Hounsell, R, Foley, RJ, Metzger, J, Rest, A, García-Bellido, J, Möller, A, Nugent, P, Abbott, TMC, Abdalla, FB, Allam, S, Bechtol, K, Benoit-Lévy, A, Bertin, E, Brooks, D, Buckley-Geer, E, Rosell, A Carnero, Kind, M Carrasco, Carretero, J, Castander, FJ, Cunha, CE, D’Andrea, CB, da Costa, LN, Davis, C, Doel, P, Drlica-Wagner, A, Eifler, TF, Flaugher, B, Fosalba, P, Gaztanaga, E, Gerdes, DW, Gruen, D, Gruendl, RA, Gschwend, J, Gutierrez, G, Hartley, WG, Honscheid, K, James, DJ, Johnson, MWG, Johnson, MD, Krause, E, Kuehn, K, Kuhlmann, S, Lahav, O, Li, TS, Lima, M, Maia, MAG, March, M, Marshall, JL, Menanteau, F, Miquel, R, Neilsen, E, Plazas, AA, Sanchez, E, Scarpine, V, Schubnell, M, Sevilla-Noarbe, I, Smith, M, Smith, RC, Sobreira, F, Suchyta, E, Swanson, MEC, Tarle, G, Thomas, RC, Tucker, DL, and Walker, AR

Subjects
Astronomical Sciences, Physical Sciences, stars: neutron, astro-ph.IM, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical sciences, Space sciences
Abstract

The discovery of a kilonova (KN) associated with the Advanced LIGO (aLIGO)/Virgo event GW170817 opens up new avenues of multi-messenger astrophysics. Here, using realistic simulations, we provide estimates of the number of KNe that could be found in data from past, present, and future surveys without a gravitational-wave trigger. For the simulation, we construct a spectral time-series model based on the DES-GW multi-band light curve from the single known KN event, and we use an average of BNS rates from past studies of 103Gpc-3 yr-1, consistent with the one event found so far. Examining past and current data sets from transient surveys, the number of KNe we expect to find for ASAS-SN, SDSS, PS1, SNLS, DES, and SMT is between 0 and 0.3. We predict the number of detections per future survey to be 8.3 from ATLAS, 10.6 from ZTF, 5.5/69 from LSST (the Deep Drilling/Wide Fast Deep), and 16.0 from WFIRST. The maximum redshift of KNe discovered for each survey is z=0.8 for WFIRST, z=0.8 for LSST, and z=0.8 for ZTF and ATLAS. This maximum redshift for WFIRST is well beyond the sensitivity of aLIGO and some future GW missions. For the LSST survey, we also provide contamination estimates from Type Ia and core-collapse supernovae: after light curve and template-matching requirements, we estimate a background of just two events. More broadly, we stress that future transient surveys should consider how to optimize their search strategies to improve their detection efficiency and to consider similar analyses for GW follow-up programs.

Published
2018

373. COSMOGRAIL: the COSmological MOnitoring of GRAvItational Lenses

Author

Courbin, F, Bonvin, V, Buckley-Geer, E, Fassnacht, CD, Frieman, J, Lin, H, Marshall, PJ, Suyu, SH, Treu, T, Anguita, T, Motta, V, Meylan, G, Paic, E, Tewes, M, Agnello, A, Chao, DC-Y, Chijani, M, Gilman, D, Rojas, K, Williams, P, Hempel, A, Kim, S, Lachaume, R, Rabus, M, Abbott, TMC, Allam, S, Annis, J, Banerji, M, Bechtol, K, Benoit-Lévy, A, Brooks, D, Burke, DL, Rosell, A Carnero, Kind, M Carrasco, Carretero, J, D’Andrea, CB, da Costa, LN, Davis, C, DePoy, DL, Desai, S, Flaugher, B, Fosalba, P, García-Bellido, J, Gaztanaga, E, Goldstein, DA, Gruen, D, Gruendl, RA, Gschwend, J, Gutierrez, G, Honscheid, K, James, DJ, Kuehn, K, Kuhlmann, S, Kuropatkin, N, Lahav, O, Lima, M, Maia, MAG, March, M, Marshall, JL, McMahon, RG, Menanteau, F, Miquel, R, Nord, B, Plazas, AA, Sanchez, E, Scarpine, V, Schindler, R, Schubnell, M, Sevilla-Noarbe, I, Smith, M, Soares-Santos, M, Sobreira, F, Suchyta, E, Tarle, G, Tucker, DL, Walker, AR, and Wester, W

Subjects
Space Sciences, Physical Sciences, methods: data analysis, gravitational lensing: strong, cosmological parameters, astro-ph.IM, astro-ph.GA, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical sciences, Particle and high energy physics, Space sciences
Abstract

We present time-delay measurements for the new quadruple imaged quasar DES J04085354, the first quadruple imaged quasar found in the Dark Energy Survey (DES). Our result is made possible by implementing a new observational strategy using almost daily observations with the MPIA 2.2 m telescope at La Silla observatory and deep exposures reaching a signal-to-noise ratio of about 1000 per quasar image. This data qualityallows us to catch small photometric variations (a few mmag rms) of the quasar, acting on temporal scales much shorter than microlensing, and hence making the time delay measurement very robust against microlensing. In only seven months we very accurately measured one of the time delays in DES J04085354: - "t(AB) = 112.1 ± 2.1 days (1.8%) using only the MPIA 2.2 m data. In combination with data taken with the 1.2 m Euler Swiss telescope, we also measured two delays involving the D component of the system - "t(AD) = ± 12.8 days (8.2%) and - "t(BD) = 42.4 ± 17.6 days (41%), where all the error bars include systematics. Turning these time delays into cosmological constraints will require deep Hubble Space Telescope (HST) imaging or ground-based adaptive optics (AO), and information on the velocity field of the lensing galaxy.

Published
2018

374. A stellar over-density associated with the Small Magellanic Cloud

Author

Pieres, A., Santiago, B. X., Drlica-Wagner, A., Bechtol, K., van der Marel, R. P., Besla, G., Martin, N. F., Belokurov, V., Gallart, C., Martinez-Delgado, D., Marshall, J., Noel, N. E. D., Majewski, S. R., Cioni, M. -R. L., Li, T. S., Hartley, W., Luque, E., Conn, B. C., Walker, A. R., Balbinot, E., Stringfellow, G. S., Olsen, K. A. G., da Costa, L. N., Ogando, R., Maia, M., Neto, A. Fausti, Abbott, T. M. C., Abdalla, F. B., Allam, S., Annis, J., Benoit-Levy, A., Rosell, A. Carnero, Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., Cunha, C. E., DAndrea, C. B., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Doel, P., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Garcia-Bellido, J., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Honscheid, K., James, D., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Plazas, A. A., Romer, A. K., Sako, M., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Schubnell, M., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, R. C., Soares-Santos, M., Sobreira, F., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Tucker, D. L., and Wester, W.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We report the discovery of a stellar over-density 8$^{\circ}$ north of the center of the Small Magellanic Cloud (Small Magellanic Cloud Northern Over-Density; SMCNOD) using data from the first two years of the Dark Energy Survey (DES) and the first year of the MAGellanic SatelLITEs Survey (MagLiteS). The SMCNOD is indistinguishable in age, metallicity and distance from the nearby SMC stars, being primarly composed of intermediate-age stars (6 Gyr, Z=0.001), with a small fraction of young stars (1 Gyr, Z=0.01). The SMCNOD has an elongated shape with an ellipticity of 0.6 and a size of $\sim$ 6x2 deg. It has an absolute magnitude of $M_V \cong$ -7.7, $r_h = 2.1$ kpc, and $\mu_V(r

Published
2016
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375. Weak lensing magnification in the Dark Energy Survey Science Verification Data

Author

Garcia-Fernandez, M., Sánchez, E., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Suchyta, E., Huff, E. M., Gaztanaga, E., Aleksić, J., Ponce, R., Castander, F. J., Hoyle, B., Abbott, T. M. C., Abdalla, F. B., Allam, S., Annis, J., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernstein, G. M., Bertin, E., Brooks, D., Buckley-Geer, E., Burke, D. L., Rosell, A. Carnero, Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., Crocce, M., Cunha, C. E., D'Andrea, C. B., da Costa, L. N., DePoy, D. L., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Eifler, T. F., Evrard, A. E., Fernandez, E., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., García-Bellido, J., Gerdes, D. W., Giannantonio, T., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., James, D. J., Jarvis, M., Kirk, D., Krause, E., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lahav, O., Lima, M., MacCrann, N., Maia, M. A. G., March, M., Marshall, J. L., Melchior, P., Miquel, R., Mohr, J. J., Plazas, A. A., Romer, A. K., Roodman, A., Rykoff, E. S., Scarpine, V., Schubnell, M., Smith, R. C., Soares-Santos, M., Sobreira, F., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., Walker, A. R., and Wester, W.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

In this paper the effect of weak lensing magnification on galaxy number counts is studied by cross-correlating the positions of two galaxy samples, separated by redshift, using data from the Dark Energy Survey Science Verification dataset. The analysis is carried out for two photometrically-selected galaxy samples, with mean photometric redshifts in the $0.2 < z < 0.4$ and $0.7 < z < 1.0$ ranges, in the riz bands. A signal is detected with a $3.5\sigma$ significance level in each of the bands tested, and is compatible with the magnification predicted by the $\Lambda$CDM model. After an extensive analysis, it cannot be attributed to any known systematic effect. The detection of the magnification signal is robust to estimated uncertainties in the outlier rate of the pho- tometric redshifts, but this will be an important issue for use of photometric redshifts in magnification mesurements from larger samples. In addition to the detection of the magnification signal, a method to select the sample with the maximum signal-to-noise is proposed and validated with data., Comment: 18 pages, 16 figures, submitted to MNRAS

Published
2016
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376. A Search for Kilonovae in the Dark Energy Survey

Author

Doctor, Z., Kessler, R., Chen, H. Y., Farr, B., Finley, D. A., Foley, R. J., Goldstein, D. A., Holz, D. E., Kim, A. G., Morganson, E., Sako, M., Scolnic, D., Smith, M., Soares-Santos, M., Spinka, H., Abbott, T. M. C., Abdalla, F. B., Allam, S., Annis, J., Bechtol, K., Benoit-Levy, A., Bertin, E., Brooks, D., Buckley-Geer, E., Burke, D. L., Rosell, A. Carnero, Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., Cunha, C. E., DAndrea, C. B., da Costa, L. N., DePoy, D. L., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Drlica-Wagner, A., Eifler, T. F., Frieman, J., Garcia-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gerdes, D. W., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., James, D. J., Krause, E., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lahav, O., Li, T. S., Lima, M., Maia, M. A. G., March, M., Marshall, J. L., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Neilsen, E., Nichol, R. C., Nord, B., Plazas, A. A., Romer, A. K., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Schubnell, M., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, R. C., Sobreira, F., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Walker, A. R., and Wester, W.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

The coalescence of a binary neutron star (BNS) pair is expected to produce gravitational waves (GW) and electromagnetic (EM) radiation, both of which may be detectable with currently available instruments. We describe a search for a theoretically predicted r-process optical transient from these mergers, dubbed the kilonova (KN), using griz broadband data from the Dark Energy Survey Supernova Program (DES-SN). Some models predict KNe to be redder, shorter-lived, and dimmer than supernovae (SNe), but at present the event rate of KNe is poorly constrained. We simulate observations of KN and SN light curves with the Monte-Carlo simulation code SNANA to optimize selection requirements, determine search efficiency, and predict SN backgrounds. We also perform an analysis using fake point sources on images to account for anomalous efficiency losses from difference-imaging on bright low-redshift galaxies. Our analysis of the first two seasons of DES-SN data results in 0 events, and is consistent with our prediction of 1.1 background events based on simulations of SN. Given our simulation prediction, there is a 33 percent chance of finding 0 events in the data. Assuming no underlying galaxy flux, our search sets 90 percent upper limits on the KN volumetric rate of $1.0\times10^7$ Gpc$^{-3}$ yr$^{-1}$ for the dimmest KN model we consider (peak i-band absolute magnitude $M_i=-11.4$ mag) and $2.4\times10^4$ Gpc$^{-3}$ yr$^{-1}$ for the brightest ($M_i=-16.2$ mag). Accounting for efficiency loss from host galaxy Poisson noise, these limits are 1.1 times higher; accounting for anomalous subtraction artifacts on bright galaxies, these limits are ~3 times higher. While previous KN searches were based on triggered follow-up, this analysis is the first untriggered optical KN search and informs selection requirements and strategies for future KN searches and GW follow-up observations.

Published
2016
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377. A Study of Quasar Selection in the Dark Energy Survey Supernova fields

Author

Tie, S. S., Martini, P., Mudd, D., Ostrovski, F., Reed, S. L., Lidman, C., Kochanek, C., Davis, T. M., Sharp, R., Uddin, S., King, A., Wester, W., Tucker, B. E., Tucker, D. L., Buckley-Geer, E., Carollo, D., Childress, M., Glazebrook, K., Hinton, S. R., Lewis, G., Macaulay, E., O'Neill, C. R., Abbott, T. M. C., Abdalla, F. B., Annis, J., Benoit-L'evy, A., Bertin, E., Brooks, D., Rosell, A. Carnero, Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., Cunha, C. E., da Costa, L. N., DePoy, D. L., Desai, S., Doel, P., Eifler, T. F., Evrard, A. E., Finley, D. A., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., Garcia-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gerdes, D. W., Goldstein, D. A., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gutierrez, G., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lima, M., Maia, M. A. G., Marshall, J. L., Menanteau, F., Miller, C. J., Miquel, R., Nichol, R. C., Nord, B., Ogando, R., Plazas, A. A., Romer, A. K., Sanchez, E., Santiago, B., Scarpine, V., Schubnell, M., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, R. C., Soares-Santos, M., Sobreira, F., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., Walker, A. R., and Collaboration, The DES

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We present a study of quasar selection using the DES supernova fields. We used a quasar catalog from an overlapping portion of the SDSS Stripe 82 region to quantify the completeness and efficiency of selection methods involving color, probabilistic modeling, variability, and combinations of color/probabilistic modeling with variability. We only considered objects that appear as point sources in the DES images. We examine color selection methods based on the WISE mid-IR W1-W2 color, a mixture of WISE and DES colors (g-i and i-W1) and a mixture of VHS and DES colors (g-i and i-K). For probabilistic quasar selection, we used XDQSOz, an algorithm that employs an empirical multi-wavelength flux model of quasars to assign quasar probabilities. Our variability selection uses the multi-band chi2-probability that sources are constant in the DES Year 1 griz-band light curves. The completeness and efficiency are calculated relative to an underlying sample of point sources that are detected in the required selection bands and pass our data quality and photometric error cuts. We conduct our analyses at two magnitude limits, i<19.8 mag and i<22 mag. For sources with W1 and W2 detections, the W1-W2 color or XDQSOz method combined with variability gives the highest completenesses of >85% for both i-band magnitude limits and efficiencies of >80% to the bright limit and >60% to the faint limit; however, the giW1 and giW1+variability methods give the highest quasar surface densities. The XDQSOz method and combinations of W1W2/giW1/XDQSOz with variability are among the better selection methods when both high completeness and high efficiency are desired. We also present the OzDES Quasar Catalog of 1,263 spectroscopically-confirmed quasars taken by the OzDES survey. The catalog includes quasars with redshifts up to z~4 and brighter than i=22 mag, although the catalog is not complete up this magnitude limit., Comment: 16 pages, 12 figures, 3 tables; Submitted to ApJ. The OzDES Quasar Catalog can be downloaded at http://bit.ly/2fWsK9t . For a video summary of the paper, please see https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JeQNdUATze0

Published
2016
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378. Farthest Neighbor: The Distant Milky Way Satellite Eridanus II

Author

Li, T. S., Simon, J. D., Drlica-Wagner, A., Bechtol, K., Wang, M. Y., García-Bellido, J., Frieman, J., Marshall, J. L., James, D. J., Strigari, L., Pace, A. B., Balbinot, E., Zhang, Y., Abbott, T. M. C., Allam, S., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernstein, G. M., Bertin, E., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Rosell, A. Carnero, Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., Cunha, C. E., D'Andrea, C. B., da Costa, L. N., DePoy, D. L., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Eifler, T. F., Flaugher, B., Goldstein, D. A., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Krause, E., Kuehn, K., Lin, H., Maia, M. A. G., March, M., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Plazas, A. A., Romer, A. K., Sanchez, E., Santiago, B., Schubnell, M., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, R. C., Sobreira, F., Suchyta, E., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., Tucker, D. L., Walker, A. R., Wechsler, R. H., Wester, W., and Yanny, B.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We present Magellan/IMACS spectroscopy of the recently-discovered Milky Way satellite Eridanus II (Eri II). We identify 28 member stars in Eri II, from which we measure a systemic radial velocity of $v_{\rm hel} = 75.6 \pm 1.3~\mbox{(stat.)} \pm 2.0~\mbox{(sys.)}~\mathrm{km\,s^{-1}}$ and a velocity dispersion of $6.9^{+1.2}_{-0.9}~\mathrm{km\,s^{-1}}$. Assuming that Eri~II is a dispersion-supported system in dynamical equilibrium, we derive a mass within the half-light radius of Eri II is $1.2^{+0.4}_{-0.3} \times 10^{7}~\mathrm{M_\odot}$, indicating a mass-to-light ratio of $420^{+210}_{-140}~\mathrm{M_\odot}/\mathrm{L_\odot}$ and confirming that it is a dark matter-dominated dwarf galaxy. From the equivalent width measurements of the CaT lines of 16 red giant member stars, we derive a mean metallicity of ${\rm [Fe/H]} = -2.38 \pm 0.13$ and a metallicity dispersion of $\sigma_{\rm [Fe/H]} = 0.47 ^{+0.12}_{-0.09}$. The velocity of Eri II in the Galactic Standard of Rest frame is $v_{\rm GSR} = -66.6~\mathrm{km\,s^{-1}}$, indicating that either Eri II is falling into the Milky Way potential for the first time or it has passed the apocenter of its orbit on a subsequent passage. At a Galactocentric distance of $\sim$370 kpc, Eri II is one of the Milky Way's most distant satellites known. Additionally, we show that the bright blue stars previously suggested to be a young stellar population are not associated with Eri II. The lack of gas and recent star formation in Eri II is surprising given its mass and distance from the Milky Way, and may place constraints on models of quenching in dwarf galaxies and on the distribution of hot gas in the Milky Way halo. Furthermore, the large velocity dispersion of Eri II can be combined with the existence of a central star cluster to constrain MACHO dark matter with mass $\gtrsim10~\mathrm{M_\odot}$., Comment: 16 pages, 10 figures, Accepted for publication in ApJ

Published
2016
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379. Searching for Dark Matter Annihilation in Recently Discovered Milky Way Satellites with Fermi-LAT

Author

Fermi-LAT, The, Collaborations, DES, Albert, A., Anderson, B., Bechtol, K., Drlica-Wagner, A., Meyer, M., Sanchez-Conde, M., Strigari, L., Wood, M., Abbott, T. M. C., Abdalla, F. B., Benoit-Levy, A., Bernstein, G. M., Bernstein, R. A., Bertin, E., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Rosell, A. Carnero, Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., Crocce, M., Cunha, C. E., D'Andrea, C. B., da Costa, L. N., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Dietrich, J. P., Doel, P., Eifler, T. F., Evrard, A. E., Neto, A. Fausti, Finley, D. A., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., Gerdes, D. W., Goldstein, D. A., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Kent, S., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lahav, O., Li, T. S., Maia, M. A. G., March, M., Marshall, J. L., Martini, P., Miller, C. J., Miquel, R., Neilsen, E., Nord, B., Ogando, R., Plazas, A. A., Reil, K., Romer, A. K., Rykoff, E. S., Sanchez, E., Santiago, B., Schubnell, M., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, R. C., Soares-Santos, M., Sobreira, F., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Vikram, V., Walker, A. R., and Wechsler, R. H.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

We search for excess gamma-ray emission coincident with the positions of confirmed and candidate Milky Way satellite galaxies using 6 years of data from the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT). Our sample of 45 stellar systems includes 28 kinematically confirmed dark-matter-dominated dwarf spheroidal galaxies (dSphs) and 17 recently discovered systems that have photometric characteristics consistent with the population of known dSphs. For each of these targets, the relative predicted gamma-ray flux due to dark matter annihilation is taken from kinematic analysis if available, and estimated from a distance-based scaling relation otherwise, assuming that the stellar systems are dark-matter-dominated dSphs. LAT data coincident with four of the newly discovered targets show a slight preference (each ~$2 \sigma$ local) for gamma-ray emission in excess of the background. However, the ensemble of derived gamma-ray flux upper limits for individual targets is consistent with the expectation from analyzing random blank-sky regions, and a combined analysis of the population of stellar systems yields no globally significant excess (global significance $<1 \sigma$). Our analysis has increased sensitivity compared to the analysis of 15 confirmed dSphs by Ackermann et al. 2015. The observed constraints on the dark matter annihilation cross section are statistically consistent with the background expectation, improving by a factor of ~2 for large dark matter masses ($m_{{\rm DM},b \bar b} \gtrsim 1$ TeV and $m_{{\rm DM},\tau^{+}\tau^{-}} \gtrsim 70$ GeV) and weakening by a factor of ~1.5 at lower masses relative to previously observed limits., Comment: 16 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ, public data files and example analysis scripts available at https://www-glast.stanford.edu/pub_data/1203/

Published
2016
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380. Weak-lensing mass calibration of redMaPPer galaxy clusters in Dark Energy Survey Science Verification data

Author

Melchior, P., Gruen, D., McClintock, T., Varga, T. N., Sheldon, E., Rozo, E., Amara, A., Becker, M. R., Benson, B. A., Bermeo, A., Bridle, S. L., Clampitt, J., Dietrich, J. P., Hartley, W. G., Hollowood, D., Jain, B., Jarvis, M., Jeltema, T., Kacprzak, T., MacCrann, N., Rykoff, E. S., Saro, A., Suchyta, E., Troxel, M. A., Zuntz, J., Bonnett, C., Plazas, A. A., Abbott, T. M. C., Abdalla, F. B., Annis, J., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernstein, G. M., Bertin, E., Brooks, D., Buckley-Geer, E., Rosell, A. Carnero, Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., Cunha, C. E., D'Andrea, C. B., da Costa, L. N., Desai, S., Eifler, T. F., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., García-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gerdes, D. W., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Kirk, D., Krause, E., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lahav, O., Lima, M., Maia, M. A. G., March, M., Martini, P., Menanteau, F., Miller, C. J., Miquel, R., Mohr, J. J., Nichol, R. C., Ogando, R., Romer, A. K., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, R. C., Soares-Santos, M., Sobreira, F., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., Walker, A. R., Weller, J., and Zhang, Y.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We use weak-lensing shear measurements to determine the mean mass of optically selected galaxy clusters in Dark Energy Survey Science Verification data. In a blinded analysis, we split the sample of more than 8,000 redMaPPer clusters into 15 subsets, spanning ranges in the richness parameter $5 \leq \lambda \leq 180$ and redshift $0.2 \leq z \leq 0.8$, and fit the averaged mass density contrast profiles with a model that accounts for seven distinct sources of systematic uncertainty: shear measurement and photometric redshift errors; cluster-member contamination; miscentering; deviations from the NFW halo profile; halo triaxiality; and line-of-sight projections. We combine the inferred cluster masses to estimate the joint scaling relation between mass, richness and redshift, $\mathcal{M}(\lambda,z) \varpropto M_0 \lambda^{F} (1+z)^{G}$. We find $M_0 \equiv \langle M_{200\mathrm{m}}\,|\,\lambda=30,z=0.5\rangle=\left[ 2.35 \pm 0.22\ \rm{(stat)} \pm 0.12\ \rm{(sys)} \right] \cdot 10^{14}\ M_\odot$, with $F = 1.12\,\pm\,0.20\ \rm{(stat)}\, \pm\, 0.06\ \rm{(sys)}$ and $G = 0.18\,\pm\, 0.75\ \rm{(stat)}\, \pm\, 0.24\ \rm{(sys)}$. The amplitude of the mass-richness relation is in excellent agreement with the weak-lensing calibration of redMaPPer clusters in SDSS by Simet et al. (2016) and with the Saro et al. (2015) calibration based on abundance matching of SPT-detected clusters. Our results extend the redshift range over which the mass-richness relation of redMaPPer clusters has been calibrated with weak lensing from $z\leq 0.3$ to $z\leq0.8$. Calibration uncertainties of shear measurements and photometric redshift estimates dominate our systematic error budget and require substantial improvements for forthcoming studies., Comment: 22 pages, 14 figures, accepted by MNRAS

Published
2016
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381. Nearest Neighbor: The Low-Mass Milky Way Satellite Tucana III

Author

Simon, J. D., Li, T. S., Drlica-Wagner, A., Bechtol, K., Marshall, J. L., James, D. J., Wang, M. Y., Strigari, L., Balbinot, E., Kuehn, K., Walker, A. R., Abbott, T. M. C., Allam, S., Annis, J., Benoit-Levy, A., Brooks, D., Buckley-Geer, E., Burke, D. L., Rosell, A. Carnero, Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., Cunha, C. E., D'Andrea, C. B., da Costa, L. N., DePoy, D. L., Desai, S., Doel, P., Fernandez, E., Flaugher, B., Frieman, J., Garcia-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Goldstein, D. A., Gruen, D., Gutierrez, G., Kuropatkin, N., Maia, M. A. G., Martini, P., Menanteau, F., Miller, C. J., Miquel, R., Neilsen, E., Nord, B., Ogando, R., Plazas, A. A., Romer, A. K., Rykoff, E. S., Sanchez, E., Santiago, B., Scarpine, V., Schubnell, M., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, R. C., Sobreira, F., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Whiteway, L., and Yanny, B.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We present Magellan/IMACS spectroscopy of the recently discovered Milky Way satellite Tucana III (Tuc III). We identify 26 member stars in Tuc III, from which we measure a mean radial velocity of v_hel = -102.3 +/- 0.4 (stat.) +/- 2.0 (sys.) km/s, a velocity dispersion of 0.1^+0.7_-0.1 km/s, and a mean metallicity of [Fe/H] = -2.42^+0.07_-0.08. The upper limit on the velocity dispersion is sigma < 1.5 km/s at 95.5% confidence, and the corresponding upper limit on the mass within the half-light radius of Tuc III is 9.0 x 10^4 Msun. We cannot rule out mass-to-light ratios as large as 240 Msun/Lsun for Tuc III, but much lower mass-to-light ratios that would leave the system baryon-dominated are also allowed. We measure an upper limit on the metallicity spread of the stars in Tuc III of 0.19 dex at 95.5% confidence. Tuc III has a smaller metallicity dispersion and likely a smaller velocity dispersion than any known dwarf galaxy, but a larger size and lower surface brightness than any known globular cluster. Its metallicity is also much lower than those of the clusters with similar luminosity. We therefore tentatively suggest that Tuc III is the tidally-stripped remnant of a dark matter-dominated dwarf galaxy, but additional precise velocity and metallicity measurements will be necessary for a definitive classification. If Tuc III is indeed a dwarf galaxy, it is one of the closest external galaxies to the Sun. Because of its proximity, the most luminous stars in Tuc III are quite bright, including one star at V=15.7 that is the brightest known member star of an ultra-faint satellite., Comment: 14 pages, 4 figures (2 in color), 3 tables. Submitted for publication in the AAS Journals

Published
2016
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382. Imprint of DES super-structures on the Cosmic Microwave Background

Author

Kovács, A., Sánchez, C., García-Bellido, J., Nadathur, S., Crittenden, R., Gruen, D., Huterer, D., Bacon, D., DeRose, J., Dodelson, S., Gaztañaga, E., Kirk, D., Lahav, O., Miquel, R., Naidoo, K., Peacock, J. A., Soergel, B., Whiteway, L., Abdalla, F. B., Allam, S., Annis, J., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bertin, E., Brooks, D., Buckley-Geer, E., Rosell, A. Carnero, Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., Cunha, C. E., D'Andrea, C. B., da Costa, L. N., DePoy, D. L., Desai, S., Eifler, T. F., Finley, D. A., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., Giannantonio, T., Goldstein, D. A., Gruendl, R. A., Gutierrez, G., James, D. J., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Marshall, J. L., Melchior, P., Menanteau, F., Nord, B., Ogando, R., Plazas, A. A., Romer, A. K., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Sobreira, F., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., and Walker, A. R.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

Small temperature anisotropies in the Cosmic Microwave Background can be sourced by density perturbations via the late-time integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect. Large voids and superclusters are excellent environments to make a localized measurement of this tiny imprint. In some cases excess signals have been reported. We probed these claims with an independent data set, using the first year data of the Dark Energy Survey in a different footprint, and using a different super-structure finding strategy. We identified 52 large voids and 102 superclusters at redshifts $0.2 < z < 0.65$. We used the Jubilee simulation to a priori evaluate the optimal ISW measurement configuration for our compensated top-hat filtering technique, and then performed a stacking measurement of the CMB temperature field based on the DES data. For optimal configurations, we detected a cumulative cold imprint of voids with $\Delta T_{f} \approx -5.0\pm3.7~\mu K$ and a hot imprint of superclusters $\Delta T_{f} \approx 5.1\pm3.2~\mu K$ ; this is $\sim1.2\sigma$ higher than the expected $|\Delta T_{f}| \approx 0.6~\mu K$ imprint of such super-structures in $\Lambda$CDM. If we instead use an a posteriori selected filter size ($R/R_{v}=0.6$), we can find a temperature decrement as large as $\Delta T_{f} \approx -9.8\pm4.7~\mu K$ for voids, which is $\sim2\sigma$ above $\Lambda$CDM expectations and is comparable to previous measurements made using SDSS super-structure data., Comment: 16 pages, 12 figures. Accepted for publication by MNRAS without further review. Author list updated

Published
2016
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383. Galaxy bias from galaxy-galaxy lensing in the DES Science Verification Data

Author

Prat, J., Sánchez, C., Miquel, R., Kwan, J., Blazek, J., Bonnett, C., Amara, A., Bridle, S. L., Clampitt, J., Crocce, M., Fosalba, P., Gaztanaga, E., Giannantonio, T., Hartley, W. G., Jarvis, M., MacCrann, N., Percival, W. J., Ross, A. J., Sheldon, E., Zuntz, J., Abbott, T. M. C., Abdalla, F. B., Annis, J., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bertin, E., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Rosell, A. Carnero, Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., Castander, F. J., da Costa, L. N., DePoy, D. L., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Doel, P., Eifler, T. F., Evrard, A. E., Neto, A. Fausti, Flaugher, B., Frieman, J., Gerdes, D. W., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gutierrez, G., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lahav, O., Lima, M., Marshall, J. L., Melchior, P., Menanteau, F., Nord, B., Plazas, A. A., Reil, K., Romer, A. K., Roodman, A., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Schubnell, M., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, R. C., Soares-Santos, M., Sobreira, F., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., and Walker, A. R.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We present a measurement of galaxy-galaxy lensing around a magnitude-limited ($i_{AB} < 22.5$) sample of galaxies from the Dark Energy Survey Science Verification (DES-SV) data. We split these lenses into three photometric-redshift bins from 0.2 to 0.8, and determine the product of the galaxy bias $b$ and cross-correlation coefficient between the galaxy and dark matter overdensity fields $r$ in each bin, using scales above 4 Mpc/$h$ comoving, where we find the linear bias model to be valid given our current uncertainties. We compare our galaxy bias results from galaxy-galaxy lensing with those obtained from galaxy clustering (Crocce et al. 2016) and CMB lensing (Giannantonio et al. 2016) for the same sample of galaxies, and find our measurements to be in good agreement with those in Crocce et al. (2016), while, in the lowest redshift bin ($z\sim0.3$), they show some tension with the findings in Giannantonio et al. (2016). We measure $b\cdot r$ to be $0.87\pm 0.11$, $1.12 \pm 0.16$ and $1.24\pm 0.23$, respectively for the three redshift bins of width $\Delta z = 0.2$ in the range $0.2

Published
2016
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384. The Dark Energy Survey view of the Sagittarius stream: discovery of two faint stellar system candidates

Author

Luque, E., Pieres, A., Santiago, B., Yanny, B., Vivas, A. K., Queiroz, A., Drlica-Wagner, A., Morganson, E., Balbinot, E., Marshall, J. L., Li, T. S., Neto, A. Fausti, da Costa, L. N., Maia, M. A. G., Bechtol, K., Kim, A. G., Bernstein, G. M., Dodelson, S., Whiteway, L., Diehl, H. T., Finley, D. A., Abbott, T., Abdalla, F. B., Allam, S., Annis, J., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bertin, E., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Rosell, A. Carnero, Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., Cunha, C. E., D'Andrea, C. B., Desai, S., Doel, P., Evrard, A. E., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Gerdes, D. W., Goldstein, D. A., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gutierrez, G., James, D. J., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lahav, O., Martini, P., Miquel, R., Nord, B., Ogando, R., Plazas, A. A., Romer, A. K., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Schubnell, M., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, R. C., Soares-Santos, M., Sobreira, F., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., and Walker, A. R.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

We report the discovery of two new candidate stellar systems in the constellation of Cetus using the data from the first two years of the Dark Energy Survey (DES). The objects, DES J0111-1341 and DES J0225+0304, are located at a heliocentric distance of ~ 25 kpc and appear to have old and metal-poor populations. Their distances to the Sagittarius orbital plane, ~ 1.73 kpc (DES J0111-1341) and ~ 0.50 kpc (DES J0225+0304), indicate that they are possibly associated with the Sagittarius dwarf stream. The half-light radius (r_h ~ 4.55 pc) and luminosity (M_V ~ +0.3) of DES J0111-1341 are consistent with it being an ultrafaint stellar cluster, while the half-light radius (r_h ~ 18.55 pc) and luminosity (M_V ~ -1.1) of DES J0225+0304 place it in an ambiguous region of size-luminosity space between stellar clusters and dwarf galaxies. Determinations of the characteristic parameters of the Sagittarius stream, metallicity spread (-2.18 < [Fe/H] < -0.95) and distance gradient (23 kpc < D_sun < 29 kpc), within the DES footprint in the Southern hemisphere, using the same DES data, also indicate a possible association between these systems. If these objects are confirmed through spectroscopic follow-up to be gravitationally bound systems and to share a Galactic trajectory with the Sagittarius stream, DES J0111-1341 and DES J0225+0304 would be the first ultrafaint stellar systems associated with the Sagittarius stream. Furthermore, DES J0225+0304 would also be the first confirmed case of an ultrafaint satellite of a satellite., Comment: 13 pages, 9 figures, 1 table

Published
2016

385. Inference from the small scales of cosmic shear with current and future Dark Energy Survey data

Author

MacCrann, N., Aleksić, J., Amara, A., Bridle, S. L., Bruderer, C., Chang, C., Dodelson, S., Eifler, T. F., Huff, E. M., Huterer, D., Kacprzak, T., Refregier, A., Suchyta, E., Wechsler, R. H., Zuntz, J., Abbott, T. M. C., Allam, S., Annis, J., Armstrong, R., Benoit-Lévy, A., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Rosell, A. Carnero, Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., Castander, F. J., Crocce, M., Cunha, C. E., da Costa, L. N., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Dietrich, J. P., Doel, P., Evrard, A. E., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Gerdes, D. W., Goldstein, D. A., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gutierrez, G., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Jarvis, M., Krause, E., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lima, M., Marshall, J. L., Melchior, P., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Plazas, A. A., Romer, A. K., Rykoff, E. S., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Sheldon, E., Soares-Santos, M., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., and Vikram, V.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

Cosmic shear is sensitive to fluctuations in the cosmological matter density field, including on small physical scales, where matter clustering is affected by baryonic physics in galaxies and galaxy clusters, such as star formation, supernovae feedback and AGN feedback. While muddying any cosmological information that is contained in small scale cosmic shear measurements, this does mean that cosmic shear has the potential to constrain baryonic physics and galaxy formation. We perform an analysis of the Dark Energy Survey (DES) Science Verification (SV) cosmic shear measurements, now extended to smaller scales, and using the Mead et al. 2015 halo model to account for baryonic feedback. While the SV data has limited statistical power, we demonstrate using a simulated likelihood analysis that the final DES data will have the statistical power to differentiate among baryonic feedback scenarios. We also explore some of the difficulties in interpreting the small scales in cosmic shear measurements, presenting estimates of the size of several other systematic effects that make inference from small scales difficult, including uncertainty in the modelling of intrinsic alignment on nonlinear scales, `lensing bias', and shape measurement selection effects. For the latter two, we make use of novel image simulations. While future cosmic shear datasets have the statistical power to constrain baryonic feedback scenarios, there are several systematic effects that require improved treatments, in order to make robust conclusions about baryonic feedback., Comment: 14 pages, 10 figures

Published
2016
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386. The Evolution of Active Galactic Nuclei in Clusters of Galaxies from the Dark Energy Survey

Author

Bufanda, E., Hollowood, D., Jeltema, T. E., Rykoff, E. S., Rozo, E., Martini, P., Abbott, T. M. C., Abdalla, F. B., Allam, S., Banerji, M., Benoit-Levy, A., Bertin, E., Brooks, D., Rosell, A. Carnero, Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., Cunha, C. E., da Costa, L. N., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Dietrich, J. P., Evrard, A. E., Neto, A. Fausti, Flaugher, B., Frieman, J., Gerdes, D. W., Goldstein, D. A., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gutierrez, G., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lima, M., Maia, M. A. G., Marshall, J. L., Melchior, P., Miquel, R., Mohr, J. J., Ogando, R., Plazas, A. A., Romer, A. K., Rooney, P., Sanchez, E., Santiago, B., Scarpine, V., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, R. C., Soares-Santos, M., Sobreira, F., Suchyta, E., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., Tucker, D. L., and Walker, A. R.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

The correlation between active galactic nuclei (AGN) and environment provides important clues to AGN fueling and the relationship of black hole growth to galaxy evolution. In this paper, we analyze the fraction of galaxies in clusters hosting AGN as a function of redshift and cluster richness for X-ray detected AGN associated with clusters of galaxies in Dark Energy Survey (DES) Science Verification data. The present sample includes 33 AGN with L_X > 10^43 ergs s^-1 in non-central, host galaxies with luminosity greater than 0.5 L* from a total sample of 432 clusters in the redshift range of 0.10.7. This result is in good agreement with previous work and parallels the increase in star formation in cluster galaxies over the same redshift range. However, the AGN fraction in clusters is observed to have no significant correlation with cluster mass. Future analyses with DES Year 1 through Year 3 data will be able to clarify whether AGN activity is correlated to cluster mass and will tightly constrain the relationship between cluster AGN populations and redshift., Comment: 9 pages, 3 figures, accepted to MNRAS, added Table 3 listing AGN fraction down to lower L_X and low redshifts, other changes minor

Published
2016
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387. A DECam Search for an Optical Counterpart to the LIGO Gravitational Wave Event GW151226

Author

Cowperthwaite, P. S., Berger, E., Soares-Santos, M., Annis, J., Brout, D., Brown, D. A., Buckley-Geer, E., Cenko, S. B., Chen, H. Y., Chornock, R., Diehl, H. T., Doctor, Z., Drlica-Wagner, A., Drout, M. R., Farr, B., Finley, D. A., Foley, R. J., Fong, W., Fox, D. B., Frieman, J., Garcia-Bellido, J., Gill, M. S. S., Gruendl, R. A., Herner, K., Holz, D. E., Kasen, D., Kessler, R., Lin, H., Margutti, R., Marriner, J., Matheson, T., Metzger, B. D., Neilsen Jr., E. H., Quataert, E., Rest, A., Sako, M., Scolnic, D., Smith, N., Sobreira, F., Strampelli, G. M., Villar, V. A., Walker, A. R., Wester, W., Williams, P. K. G., Yanny, B., Abbott, T. M. C., Abdalla, F. B., Allam, S., Armstrong, R., Bechtol, K., Benoit-Levy, A., Bertin, E., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Rosell, A. Carnero, Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., Castander, F. J., Cunha, C. E., D'Andrea, C. B., da Costa, L. N., Desai, S., Dietrich, J. P., Evrard, A. E., Neto, A. Fausti, Fosalba, P., Gerdes, D. W., Giannantonio, T., Goldstein, D. A., Gruen, D., Gutierrez, G., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Johnson, M. W. G., Johnson, M. D., Krause, E., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lima, M., Maia, M. A. G., Marshall, J. L., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Mohr, J. J., Nichol, R. C., Nord, B., Ogando, R., Plazas, A. A., Reil, K., Romer, A. K., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, R. C., Suchyta, E., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., Thomas, R. C., Tucker, D. L., and Weller, J.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We report the results of a Dark Energy Camera (DECam) optical follow-up of the gravitational wave (GW) event GW151226, discovered by the Advanced LIGO detectors. Our observations cover 28.8 deg$^2$ of the localization region in the $i$ and $z$ bands (containing 3% of the BAYESTAR localization probability), starting 10 hours after the event was announced and spanning four epochs at $2-24$ days after the GW detection. We achieve $5\sigma$ point-source limiting magnitudes of $i\approx21.7$ and $z\approx21.5$, with a scatter of $0.4$ mag, in our difference images. Given the two day delay, we search this area for a rapidly declining optical counterpart with $\gtrsim 3\sigma$ significance steady decline between the first and final observations. We recover four sources that pass our selection criteria, of which three are cataloged AGN. The fourth source is offset by $5.8$ arcsec from the center of a galaxy at a distance of 187 Mpc, exhibits a rapid decline by $0.5$ mag over $4$ days, and has a red color of $i-z\approx 0.3$ mag. These properties roughly match the expectations for a kilonova. However, this source was detected several times, starting $94$ days prior to GW151226, in the Pan-STARRS Survey for Transients (dubbed as PS15cdi) and is therefore unrelated to the GW event. Given its long-term behavior, PS15cdi is likely a Type IIP supernova that transitioned out of its plateau phase during our observations, mimicking a kilonova-like behavior. We comment on the implications of this detection for contamination in future optical follow-up observations., Comment: 7 Pages, 2 Figures, 1 Table. Accepted to ApJL, updated to better match published version

Published
2016
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388. Optical-SZE Scaling Relations for DES Optically Selected Clusters within the SPT-SZ Survey

Author

Saro, A., Bocquet, S., Mohr, J., Rozo, E., Benson, B. A., Dodelson, S., Rykoff, E. S., Bleem, L., Abbott, T. M. C., Abdalla, F. B., Allen, S., Annis, J., Benoit-Levy, A., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Capasso, R., Rosell, A. Carnero, Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., Chiu, I., Crawford, T. M., Cunha, C. E., D'Andrea, C. B., da Costa, L. N., Desai, S., Dietrich, J. P., Evrard, A. E., Neto, A. Fausti, Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., Gangkofner, C., Gaztanaga, E., Gerdes, D. W., Giannantonio, T., Grandis, S., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gupta, N., Gutierrez, G., Holzapfel, W. L., James, D. J., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lima, M., Marshall, J. L., McDonald, M., Melchior, P., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Ogando, R., Plazas, A. A., Rapetti, D., Reichardt, C. L., Reil, K., Romer, A. K., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Schubnell, M., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, R. C., Soares-Santos, M., Soergel, B., Strazzullo, V., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., Vikram, V., Walker, A. R., and Zenteno, A.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We study the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect (SZE) signature in South Pole Telescope (SPT) data for an ensemble of 719 optically identified galaxy clusters selected from 124.6 deg$^2$ of the Dark Energy Survey (DES) science verification data, detecting a stacked SZE signal down to richness $\lambda\sim20$. The SZE signature is measured using matched-filtered maps of the 2500 deg$^2$ SPT-SZ survey at the positions of the DES clusters, and the degeneracy between SZE observable and matched-filter size is broken by adopting as priors SZE and optical mass-observable relations that are either calibrated using SPT selected clusters or through the Arnaud et al. (2010, A10) X-ray analysis. We measure the SPT signal to noise $\zeta$-$\lambda$, relation and two integrated Compton-$y$ $Y_\textrm{500}$-$\lambda$ relations for the DES-selected clusters and compare these to model expectations accounting for the SZE-optical center offset distribution. For clusters with $\lambda > 80$, the two SPT calibrated scaling relations are consistent with the measurements, while for the A10-calibrated relation the measured SZE signal is smaller by a factor of $0.61 \pm 0.12$ compared to the prediction. For clusters at $20 < \lambda < 80$, the measured SZE signal is smaller by a factor of $\sim$0.20-0.80 (between 2.3 and 10~$\sigma$ significance) compared to the prediction, with the SPT calibrated scaling relations and larger $\lambda$ clusters showing generally better agreement. We quantify the required corrections to achieve consistency, showing that there is a richness dependent bias that can be explained by some combination of contamination of the observables and biases in the estimated masses. We discuss possible physical effects, as contamination from line-of-sight projections or from point sources, larger offsets in the SZE-optical centering or larger scatter in the $\lambda$-mass relation at lower richnesses.

Published
2016
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389. Cosmic Voids and Void Lensing in the Dark Energy Survey Science Verification Data

Author

Sánchez, C., Clampitt, J., Kovacs, A., Jain, B., García-Bellido, J., Nadathur, S., Gruen, D., Hamaus, N., Huterer, D., Vielzeuf, P., Amara, A., Bonnett, C., DeRose, J., Hartley, W. G., Jarvis, M., Lahav, O., Miquel, R., Rozo, E., Rykoff, E. S., Sheldon, E., Wechsler, R. H., Zuntz, J., Abbott, T. M. C., Abdalla, F. B., Annis, J., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernstein, G. M., Bernstein, R. A., Bertin, E., Brooks, D., Buckley-Geer, E., Rosell, A. Carnero, Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., Crocce, M., Cunha, C. E., D'Andrea, C. B., da Costa, L. N., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Dietrich, J. P., Doel, P., Evrard, A. E., Neto, A. Fausti, Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gruendl, R. A., Gutierrez, G., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Krause, E., Kuehn, K., Lima, M., Maia, M. A. G., Marshall, J. L., Melchior, P., Plazas, A. A., Reil, K., Romer, A. K., Sanchez, E., Schubnell, M., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, R. C., Soares-Santos, M., Sobreira, F., Suchyta, E., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., Walker, A. R., and Weller, J.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

Galaxies and their dark matter halos populate a complicated filamentary network around large, nearly empty regions known as cosmic voids. Cosmic voids are usually identified in spectroscopic galaxy surveys, where 3D information about the large-scale structure of the Universe is available. Although an increasing amount of photometric data is being produced, its potential for void studies is limited since photometric redshifts induce line-of-sight position errors of $\sim50$ Mpc/$h$ or more that can render many voids undetectable. In this paper we present a new void finder designed for photometric surveys, validate it using simulations, and apply it to the high-quality photo-$z$ redMaGiC galaxy sample of the Dark Energy Survey Science Verification (DES-SV) data. The algorithm works by projecting galaxies into 2D slices and finding voids in the smoothed 2D galaxy density field of the slice. Fixing the line-of-sight size of the slices to be at least twice the photo-$z$ scatter, the number of voids found in these projected slices of simulated spectroscopic and photometric galaxy catalogs is within 20% for all transverse void sizes, and indistinguishable for the largest voids of radius $\sim 70$ Mpc/$h$ and larger. The positions, radii, and projected galaxy profiles of photometric voids also accurately match the spectroscopic void sample. Applying the algorithm to the DES-SV data in the redshift range $0.2

Published
2016
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390. Testing the lognormality of the galaxy and weak lensing convergence distributions from Dark Energy Survey maps

Author

Clerkin, L., Kirk, D., Manera, M., Lahav, O., Abdalla, F., Amara, A., Bacon, D., Chang, C., Gaztañaga, E., Hawken, A., Jain, B., Joachimi, B., Vikram, V., Abbott, T., Allam, S., Armstrong, R., Benoit-Lévy, A, Bernstein, G. M., Bertin, E., Brooks, D., Burk, D. L., Rosell, A. Carnero, Kind, M. Carrasco, Crocce, M., Cunha, C. E., D'Andrea, C. B., da Costa, L. N., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Dietrich, J. P., Eifler, T. F., Evrard, A. E., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., Gerdes, D. W., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gutierrez, G., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Kent, S., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lima, M., Melchior, P., Miquel, R., Nord, B., Plazas, A. A., Romer, A. K., Sanchez, E., Schubnell, M., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, R. C., Santos, M. Soares, Sobreira, F., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., and Walker, A. R.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

It is well known that the probability distribution function (PDF) of galaxy density contrast is approximately lognormal; whether the PDF of mass fluctuations derived from weak lensing convergence (kappa_WL) is lognormal is less well established. We derive PDFs of the galaxy and projected matter density distributions via the Counts in Cells (CiC) method. We use maps of galaxies and weak lensing convergence produced from the Dark Energy Survey (DES) Science Verification data over 139 deg^2. We test whether the underlying density contrast is well described by a lognormal distribution for the galaxies, the convergence and their joint PDF. We confirm that the galaxy density contrast distribution is well modeled by a lognormal PDF convolved with Poisson noise at angular scales from 10-40 arcmin (corresponding to physical scales of 3-10 Mpc). We note that as kappa_WL is a weighted sum of the mass fluctuations along the line of sight, its PDF is expected to be only approximately lognormal. We find that the kappa_WL distribution is well modeled by a lognormal PDF convolved with Gaussian shape noise at scales between 10 and 20 arcmin, with a best-fit chi^2/DOF of 1.11 compared to 1.84 for a Gaussian model, corresponding to p-values 0.35 and 0.07 respectively, at a scale of 10 arcmin. Above 20 arcmin a simple Gaussian model is sufficient. The joint PDF is also reasonably fitted by a bivariate lognormal. As a consistency check we compare the variances derived from the lognormal modelling with those directly measured via CiC. Our methods are validated against maps from the MICE Grand Challenge N-body simulation., Comment: 17 pages, 14 figures, submitted to MNRAS

Published
2016
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391. Supplement: Localization and broadband follow-up of the gravitational-wave transient GW150914

Author

Abbott, B. P., Abbott, R., Abbott, T. D., Abernathy, M. R., Acernese, F., Ackley, K., Adams, C., Adams, T., Addesso, P., Adhikari, R. X., Adya, V. B., Affeldt, C., Agathos, M., Agatsuma, K., Aggarwal, N., Aguiar, O. D., Aiello, L., Ain, A., Ajith, P., Allen, B., Allocca, A., Altin, P. A., Anderson, S. B., Anderson, W. G., Arai, K., Araya, M. C., Arceneaux, C. C., Areeda, J. S., Arnaud, N., Arun, K. G., Ascenzi, S., Ashton, G., Ast, M., Aston, S. M., Astone, P., Aufmuth, P., Aulbert, C., Babak, S., Bacon, P., Bader, M. K. M., Baker, P. T., Baldaccini, F., Ballardin, G., Ballmer, S. W., Barayoga, J. C., Barclay, S. E., Barish, B. C., Barker, D., Barone, F., Barr, B., Barsotti, L., Barsuglia, M., Barta, D., Barthelmy, S., Bartlett, J., Bartos, I., Bassiri, R., Basti, A., Batch, J. C., Baune, C., Bavigadda, V., Bazzan, M., Behnke, B., Bejger, M., Bell, A. S., Bell, C. J., Berger, B. K., Bergman, J., Bergmann, G., Berry, C. P. L., Bersanetti, D., Bertolini, A., Betzwieser, J., Bhagwat, S., Bhandare, R., Bilenko, I. A., Billingsley, G., Birch, J., Birney, R., Biscans, S., Bisht, A., Bitossi, M., Biwer, C., Bizouard, M. A., Blackburn, J. K., Blair, C. D., Blair, D. G., Blair, R. M., Bloemen, S., Bock, O., Bodiya, T. P., Boer, M., Bogaert, G., Bogan, C., Bohe, A., Bojtos, P., Bond, C., Bondu, F., Bonnand, R., Boom, B. A., Bork, R., Boschi, V., Bose, S., Bouffanais, Y., Bozzi, A., Bradaschia, C., Brady, P. R., Braginsky, V. B., Branchesi, M., Brau, J. E., Briant, T., Brillet, A., Brinkmann, M., Brisson, V., Brockill, P., Brooks, A. F., Brown, D. A., Brown, D. D., Brown, N. M., Buchanan, C. C., Buikema, A., Bulik, T., Bulten, H. J., Buonanno, A., Buskulic, D., Buy, C., Byer, R. L., Cadonati, L., Cagnoli, G., Cahillane, C., Bustillo, J. C., Callister, T., Calloni, E., Camp, J. B., Cannon, K. C., Cao, J., Capano, C. D., Capocasa, E., Carbognani, F., Caride, S., Diaz, J. C., Casentini, C., Caudill, S., Cavaglià, M., Cavalier, F., Cavalieri, R., Cella, G., Cepeda, C. B., Baiardi, L. C., Cerretani, G., Cesarini, E., Chakraborty, R., Chalermsongsak, T., Chamberlin, S. J., Chan, M., Chao, S., Charlton, P., Chassande-Mottin, E., Chen, H. Y., Chen, Y., Cheng, C., Chincarini, A., Chiummo, A., Cho, H. S., Cho, M., Chow, J. H., Christensen, N., Chu, Q., Chua, S., Chung, S., Ciani, G., Clara, F., Clark, J. A., Cleva, F., Coccia, E., Cohadon, P. -F., Colla, A., Collette, C. G., Cominsky, L., Constancio Jr., M., Conte, A., Conti, L., Cook, D., Corbitt, T. R., Cornish, N., Corsi, A., Cortese, S., Costa, C. A., Coughlin, M. W., Coughlin, S. B., Coulon, J. -P., Countryman, S. T., Couvares, P., Cowan, E. E., Coward, D. M., Cowart, M. J., Coyne, D. C., Coyne, R., Craig, K., Creighton, J. D. E., Cripe, J., Crowder, S. G., Cumming, A., Cunningham, L., Cuoco, E., Canton, T. Dal, Danilishin, S. L., D'Antonio, S., Danzmann, K., Darman, N. S., Dattilo, V., Dave, I., Daveloza, H. P., Davier, M., Davies, G. S., Daw, E. J., Day, R., DeBra, D., Debreczeni, G., Degallaix, J., De Laurentis, M., Deléglise, S., Del Pozzo, W., Denker, T., Dent, T., Dereli, H., Dergachev, V., DeRosa, R. T., De Rosa, R., DeSalvo, R., Dhurandhar, S., Díaz, M. C., Di Fiore, L., Di Giovanni, M., Di Lieto, A., Di Pace, S., Di Palma, I., Di Virgilio, A., Dojcinoski, G., Dolique, V., Donovan, F., Dooley, K. L., Doravari, S., Douglas, R., Downes, T. P., Drago, M., Drever, R. W. P., Driggers, J. C., Du, Z., Ducrot, M., Dwyer, S. E., Edo, T. B., Edwards, M. C., Effler, A., Eggenstein, H. -B., Ehrens, P., Eichholz, J., Eikenberry, S. S., Engels, W., Essick, R. C., Etzel, T., Evans, M., Evans, T. M., Everett, R., Factourovich, M., Fafone, V., Fair, H., Fairhurst, S., Fan, X., Fang, Q., Farinon, S., Farr, B., Farr, W. M., Favata, M., Fays, M., Fehrmann, H., Fejer, M. M., Ferrante, I., Ferreira, E. C., Ferrini, F., Fidecaro, F., Fiori, I., Fiorucci, D., Fisher, R. P., Flaminio, R., Fletcher, M., Fournier, J. -D., Franco, S., Frasca, S., Frasconi, F., Frei, Z., Freise, A., Frey, R., Frey, V., Fricke, T. T., Fritschel, P., Frolov, V. V., Fulda, P., Fyffe, M., Gabbard, H. A. G., Gair, J. R., Gammaitoni, L., Gaonkar, S. G., Garufi, F., Gatto, A., Gaur, G., Gehrels, N., Gemme, G., Gendre, B., Genin, E., Gennai, A., George, J., Gergely, L., Germain, V., Ghosh, A., Ghosh, S., Giaime, J. A., Giardina, K. D., Giazotto, A., Gill, K., Glaefke, A., Goetz, E., Goetz, R., Gondan, L., González, G., Castro, J. M. G., Gopakumar, A., Gordon, N. A., Gorodetsky, M. L., Gossan, S. E., Gosselin, M., Gouaty, R., Graef, C., Graff, P. B., Granata, M., Grant, A., Gras, S., Gray, C., Greco, G., Green, A. C., Groot, P., Grote, H., Grunewald, S., Guidi, G. M., Guo, X., Gupta, A., Gupta, M. K., Gushwa, K. E., Gustafson, E. K., Gustafson, R., Hacker, J. J., Hall, B. R., Hall, E. D., Hammond, G., Haney, M., Hanke, M. M., Hanks, J., Hanna, C., Hannam, M. D., Hanson, J., Hardwick, T., Haris, K., Harms, J., Harry, G. M., Harry, I. W., Hart, M. J., Hartman, M. T., Haster, C. -J., Haughian, K., Heidmann, A., Heintze, M. C., Heitmann, H., Hello, P., Hemming, G., Hendry, M., Heng, I. S., Hennig, J., Heptonstall, A. W., Heurs, M., Hild, S., Hoak, D., Hodge, K. A., Hofman, D., Hollitt, S. E., Holt, K., Holz, D. E., Hopkins, P., Hosken, D. J., Hough, J., Houston, E. A., Howell, E. J., Hu, Y. M., Huang, S., Huerta, E. A., Huet, D., Hughey, B., Husa, S., Huttner, S. H., Huynh-Dinh, T., Idrisy, A., Indik, N., Ingram, D. R., Inta, R., Isa, H. N., Isac, J. -M., Isi, M., Islas, G., Isogai, T., Iyer, B. R., Izumi, K., Jacqmin, T., Jang, H., Jani, K., Jaranowski, P., Jawahar, S., Jiménez-Forteza, F., Johnson, W. W., Jones, D. I., Jones, R., Jonker, R. J. G., Ju, L., Kalaghatgi, C. V., Kalogera, V., Kandhasamy, S., Kang, G., Kanner, J. B., Karki, S., Kasprzack, M., Katsavounidis, E., Katzman, W., Kaufer, S., Kaur, T., Kawabe, K., Kawazoe, F., Kéfélian, F., Kehl, M. S., Keitel, D., Kelley, D. B., Kells, W., Kennedy, R., Key, J. S., Khalaidovski, A., Khalili, F. Y., Khan, I., Khan, S., Khan, Z., Khazanov, E. A., Kijbunchoo, N., Kim, C., Kim, J., Kim, K., Kim, N., Kim, Y. -M., King, E. J., King, P. J., Kinzel, D. L., Kissel, J. S., Kleybolte, L., Klimenko, S., Koehlenbeck, S. M., Kokeyama, K., Koley, S., Kondrashov, V., Kontos, A., Korobko, M., Korth, W. Z., Kowalska, I., Kozak, D. B., Kringel, V., Królak, A., Krueger, C., Kuehn, G., Kumar, P., Kuo, L., Kutynia, A., Lackey, B. D., Landry, M., Lange, J., Lantz, B., Lasky, P. D., Lazzarini, A., Lazzaro, C., Leaci, P., Leavey, S., Lebigot, E. O., Lee, C. H., Lee, H. K., Lee, H. M., Lee, K., Lenon, A., Leonardi, M., Leong, J. R., Leroy, N., Letendre, N., Levin, Y., Levine, B. M., Li, T. G. F., Libson, A., Littenberg, T. B., Lockerbie, N. A., Logue, J., Lombardi, A. L., Lord, J. E., Lorenzini, M., Loriette, V., Lormand, M., Losurdo, G., Lough, J. D., Lück, H., Lundgren, A. P., Luo, J., Lynch, R., Ma, Y., MacDonald, T., Machenschalk, B., MacInnis, M., Macleod, D. M., Magaña-Sandoval, F., Magee, R. M., Mageswaran, M., Majorana, E., Maksimovic, I., Malvezzi, V., Man, N., Mandel, I., Mandic, V., Mangano, V., Mansell, G. L., Manske, M., Mantovani, M., Marchesoni, F., Marion, F., Márka, S., Márka, Z., Markosyan, A. S., Maros, E., Martelli, F., Martellini, L., Martin, I. W., Martin, R. M., Martynov, D. V., Marx, J. N., Mason, K., Masserot, A., Massinger, T. J., Masso-Reid, M., Matichard, F., Matone, L., Mavalvala, N., Mazumder, N., Mazzolo, G., McCarthy, R., McClelland, D. E., McCormick, S., McGuire, S. C., McIntyre, G., McIver, J., McManus, D. J., McWilliams, S. T., Meacher, D., Meadors, G. D., Meidam, J., Melatos, A., Mendell, G., Mendoza-Gandara, D., Mercer, R. A., Merilh, E., Merzougui, M., Meshkov, S., Messenger, C., Messick, C., Meyers, P. M., Mezzani, F., Miao, H., Michel, C., Middleton, H., Mikhailov, E. E., Milano, L., Miller, J., Millhouse, M., Minenkov, Y., Ming, J., Mirshekari, S., Mishra, C., Mitra, S., Mitrofanov, V. P., Mitselmakher, G., Mittleman, R., Moggi, A., Mohan, M., Mohapatra, S. R. P., Montani, M., Moore, B. C., Moore, C. J., Moraru, D., Moreno, G., Morriss, S. R., Mossavi, K., Mours, B., Mow-Lowry, C. M., Mueller, C. L., Mueller, G., Muir, A. W., Mukherjee, A., Mukherjee, D., Mukherjee, S., Mukund, N., Mullavey, A., Munch, J., Murphy, D. J., Murray, P. G., Mytidis, A., Nardecchia, I., Naticchioni, L., Nayak, R. K., Necula, V., Nedkova, K., Nelemans, G., Neri, M., Neunzert, A., Newton, G., Nguyen, T. T., Nielsen, A. B., Nissanke, S., Nitz, A., Nocera, F., Nolting, D., Normandin, M. E. N., Nuttall, L. K., Oberling, J., Ochsner, E., O'Dell, J., Oelker, E., Ogin, G. H., Oh, J. J., Oh, S. H., Ohme, F., Oliver, M., Oppermann, P., Oram, R. J., O'Reilly, B., O'Shaughnessy, R., Ottaway, D. J., Ottens, R. S., Overmier, H., Owen, B. J., Pai, A., Pai, S. A., Palamos, J. R., Palashov, O., Palliyaguru, N., Palomba, C., Pal-Singh, A., Pan, H., Pankow, C., Pannarale, F., Pant, B. C., Paoletti, F., Paoli, A., Papa, M. A., Paris, H. R., Parker, W., Pascucci, D., Pasqualetti, A., Passaquieti, R., Passuello, D., Patricelli, B., Patrick, Z., Pearlstone, B. L., Pedraza, M., Pedurand, R., Pekowsky, L., Pele, A., Penn, S., Perreca, A., Phelps, M., Piccinni, O., Pichot, M., Piergiovanni, F., Pierro, V., Pillant, G., Pinard, L., Pinto, I. M., Pitkin, M., Poggiani, R., Popolizio, P., Post, A., Powell, J., Prasad, J., Predoi, V., Premachandra, S. S., Prestegard, T., Price, L. R., Prijatelj, M., Principe, M., Privitera, S., Prodi, G. A., Prokhorov, L., Puncken, O., Punturo, M., Puppo, P., Pürrer, M., Qi, H., Qin, J., Quetschke, V., Quintero, E. A., Quitzow-James, R., Raab, F. J., Rabeling, D. S., Radkins, H., Raffai, P., Raja, S., Rakhmanov, M., Rapagnani, P., Raymond, V., Razzano, M., Re, V., Read, J., Reed, C. M., Regimbau, T., Rei, L., Reid, S., Reitze, D. H., Rew, H., Reyes, S. D., Ricci, F., Riles, K., Robertson, N. A., Robie, R., Robinet, F., Rocchi, A., Rolland, L., Rollins, J. G., Roma, V. J., Romano, R., Romanov, G., Romie, J. H., Rosińska, D., Rowan, S., Rüdiger, A., Ruggi, P., Ryan, K., Sachdev, S., Sadecki, T., Sadeghian, L., Salconi, L., Saleem, M., Salemi, F., Samajdar, A., Sammut, L., Sanchez, E. J., Sandberg, V., Sandeen, B., Sanders, J. R., Sassolas, B., Sathyaprakash, B. S., Saulson, P. R., Sauter, O., Savage, R. L., Sawadsky, A., Schale, P., Schilling, R., Schmidt, J., Schmidt, P., Schnabel, R., Schofield, R. M. S., Schönbeck, A., Schreiber, E., Schuette, D., Schutz, B. F., Scott, J., Scott, S. M., Sellers, D., Sentenac, D., Sequino, V., Sergeev, A., Serna, G., Setyawati, Y., Sevigny, A., Shaddock, D. A., Shah, S., Shahriar, M. S., Shaltev, M., Shao, Z., Shapiro, B., Shawhan, P., Sheperd, A., Shoemaker, D. H., Shoemaker, D. M., Siellez, K., Siemens, X., Sigg, D., Silva, A. D., Simakov, D., Singer, A., Singh, A., Singh, R., Singhal, A., Sintes, A. M., Slagmolen, B. J. J., Smith, J. R., Smith, N. D., Smith, R. J. E., Son, E. J., Sorazu, B., Sorrentino, F., Souradeep, T., Srivastava, A. K., Staley, A., Steinke, M., Steinlechner, J., Steinlechner, S., Steinmeyer, D., Stephens, B. C., Stone, R., Strain, K. A., Straniero, N., Stratta, G., Strauss, N. A., Strigin, S., Sturani, R., Stuver, A. L., Summerscales, T. Z., Sun, L., Sutton, P. J., Swinkels, B. L., Szczepańczyk, M. J., Tacca, M., Talukder, D., Tanner, D. B., Tápai, M., Tarabrin, S. P., Taracchini, A., Taylor, R., Theeg, T., Thirugnanasambandam, M. P., Thomas, E. G., Thomas, M., Thomas, P., Thorne, K. A., Thorne, K. S., Thrane, E., Tiwari, S., Tiwari, V., Tokmakov, K. V., Tomlinson, C., Tonelli, M., Torres, C. V., Torrie, C. I., Töyrä, D., Travasso, F., Traylor, G., Trifirò, D., Tringali, M. C., Trozzo, L., Tse, M., Turconi, M., Tuyenbayev, D., Ugolini, D., Unnikrishnan, C. S., Urban, A. L., Usman, S. A., Vahlbruch, H., Vajente, G., Valdes, G., van Bakel, N., van Beuzekom, M., Brand, J. F. J. van den, Broeck, C. Van Den, Vander-Hyde, D. C., van der Schaaf, L., van Heijningen, J. V., van Veggel, A. A., Vardaro, M., Vass, S., Vasúth, M., Vaulin, R., Vecchio, A., Vedovato, G., Veitch, J., Veitch, P. J., Venkateswara, K., Verkindt, D., Vetrano, F., Viceré, A., Vinciguerra, S., Vine, D. J., Vinet, J. -Y., Vitale, S., Vo, T., Vocca, H., Vorvick, C., Voss, D., Vousden, W. D., Vyatchanin, S. P., Wade, A. R., Wade, L. E., Wade, M., Walker, M., Wallace, L., Walsh, S., Wang, G., Wang, H., Wang, M., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Ward, R. L., Warner, J., Was, M., Weaver, B., Wei, L. -W., Weinert, M., Weinstein, A. J., Weiss, R., Welborn, T., Wen, L., Weßels, P., Westphal, T., Wette, K., Whelan, J. T., White, D. J., Whiting, B. F., Williams, R. D., Williamson, A. R., Willis, J. L., Willke, B., Wimmer, M. H., Winkler, W., Wipf, C. C., Wittel, H., Woan, G., Worden, J., Wright, J. L., Wu, G., Yablon, J., Yam, W., Yamamoto, H., Yancey, C. C., Yap, M. J., Yu, H., Yvert, M., Zadrożny, A., Zangrando, L., Zanolin, M., Zendri, J. -P., Zevin, M., Zhang, F., Zhang, L., Zhang, M., Zhang, Y., Zhao, C., Zhou, M., Zhou, Z., Zhu, X. J., Zucker, M. E., Zuraw, S. E., Zweizig, J., Allison, J., Bannister, K., Bell, M. E., Chatterjee, S., Chippendale, A. P., Edwards, P. G., Harvey-Smith, L., Heywood, Ian, Hotan, A., Indermuehle, B., Marvil, J., McConnell, D., Murphy, T., Popping, A., Reynolds, J., Sault, R. J., Voronkov, M. A., Whiting, M. T., Castro-Tirado, A. J., Cunniffe, R., Jelínek, M., Tello, J. C., Oates, S. R., Hu, Y. -D., Kubánek, P., Guziy, S., Castellón, A., García-Cerezo, A., Muñoz, V. F., del Pulgar, C. Pérez, Castillo-Carrión, S., Cerón, J. M. Castro, Hudec, R., Caballero-García, M. D., Páta, P., Vitek, S., Adame, J. A., Konig, S., Rendón, F., Sanguino, T. de J. Mateo, Fernández-Muñoz, R., Yock, P. C., Rattenbury, N., Allen, W. H., Querel, R., Jeong, S., Park, I. H., Bai, J., Cui, Ch., Fan, Y., Wang, Ch., Hiriart, D., Lee, W. H., Claret, A., Sánchez-Ramírez, R., Pandey, S. B., Mediavilla, T., Sabau-Graziati, L., Abbott, T. M. C., Abdalla, F. B., Allam, S., Annis, J., Armstrong, R., Benoit-Lévy, A., Berger, E., Bernstein, R. A., Bertin, E., Brout, D., Buckley-Geer, E., Burke, D. L., Capozzi, D., Carretero, J., Castander, F. J., Chornock, R., Cowperthwaite, P. S., Crocce, M., Cunha, C. E., D'Andrea, C. B., da Costa, L. N., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Dietrich, J. P., Doctor, Z., Drlica-Wagner, A., Drout, M. R., Eifler, T. F., Estrada, J., Evrard, A. E., Fernandez, E., Finley, D. A., Flaugher, B., Foley, R. J., Fong, W. -F., Fosalba, P., Fox, D. B., Frieman, J., Fryer, C. L., Gaztanaga, E., Gerdes, D. W., Goldstein, D. A., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gutierrez, G., Herner, K., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Johnson, M. D., Johnson, M. W. G., Karliner, I., Kasen, D., Kent, S., Kessler, R., Kim, A. G., Kind, M. C., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lahav, O., Li, T. S., Lima, M., Lin, H., Maia, M. A. G., Margutti, R., Marriner, J., Martini, P., Matheson, T., Melchior, P., Metzger, B. D., Miller, C. J., Miquel, R., Neilsen, E., Nichol, R. C., Nord, B., Nugent, P., Ogando, R., Petravick, D., Plazas, A. A., Quataert, E., Roe, N., Romer, A. K., Roodman, A., Rosell, A. C., Rykoff, E. S., Sako, M., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Schindler, R., Schubnell, M., Scolnic, D., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Sheldon, E., Smith, N., Smith, R. C., Soares-Santos, M., Sobreira, F., Stebbins, A., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thaler, J., Thomas, D., Thomas, R. C., Tucker, D. L., Vikram, V., Walker, A. R., Wechsler, R. H., Wester, W., Yanny, B., Zuntz, J., Connaughton, V., Burns, E., Goldstein, A., Briggs, M. S., Zhang, B. -B., Hui, C. M., Jenke, P., Wilson-Hodge, C. A., Bhat, P. N., Bissaldi, E., Cleveland, W., Fitzpatrick, G., Giles, M. M., Gibby, M. H., Greiner, J., von Kienlin, A., Kippen, R. M., McBreen, S., Mailyan, B., Meegan, C. A., Paciesas, W. S., Preece, R. D., Roberts, O., Sparke, L., Stanbro, M., Toelge, K., Veres, P., Yu, H. -F., Blackburn, L., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Albert, A., Anderson, B., Atwood, W. B., Axelsson, M., Baldini, L., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Bellazzini, R., Blandford, R. D., Bloom, E. D., Bonino, R., Bottacini, E., Brandt, T. J., Bruel, P., Buson, S., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Caragiulo, M., Caraveo, P. A., Cavazzuti, E., Charles, E., Chekhtman, A., Chiang, J., Chiaro, G., Ciprini, S., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Cominsky, L. R., Costanza, F., Cuoco, A., D'Ammando, F., de Palma, F., Desiante, R., Digel, S. W., Di Lalla, N., Di Mauro, M., Di Venere, L., Domínguez, A., Drell, P. S., Dubois, R., Favuzzi, C., Ferrara, E. C., Franckowiak, A., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Giglietto, N., Giommi, P., Giordano, F., Giroletti, M., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Gomez-Vargas, G. A., Green, D., Grenier, I. A., Grove, J. E., Guiriec, S., Hadasch, D., Harding, A. K., Hays, E., Hewitt, J. W., Hill, A. B., Horan, D., Jogler, T., Jóhannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Kensei, S., Kocevski, D., Kuss, M., La Mura, G., Larsson, S., Latronico, L., Li, J., Li, L., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Magill, J., Maldera, S., Manfreda, A., Marelli, M., Mayer, M., Mazziotta, M. N., McEnery, J. E., Meyer, M., Michelson, P. F., Mirabal, N., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monzani, M. E., Moretti, E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Negro, M., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orienti, M., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Paneque, D., Perkins, J. S., Pesce-Rollins, M., Piron, F., Pivato, G., Porter, T. A., Racusin, J. L., Rainò, S., Rando, R., Razzaque, S., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Salvetti, D., Parkinson, P. M. Saz, Sgrò, C., Simone, D., Siskind, E. J., Spada, F., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Suson, D. J., Tajima, H., Thayer, J. B., Thompson, D. J., Tibaldo, L., Torres, D. F., Troja, E., Uchiyama, Y., Venters, T. M., Vianello, G., Wood, K. S., Wood, M., Zhu, S., Zimmer, S., Brocato, E., Cappellaro, E., Covino, S., Grado, A., Nicastro, L., Palazzi, E., Pian, E., Amati, L., Antonelli, L. A., Capaccioli, M., D'Avanzo, P., D'Elia, V., Getman, F., Giuffrida, G., Iannicola, G., Limatola, L., Lisi, M., Marinoni, S., Marrese, P., Melandri, A., Piranomonte, S., Possenti, A., Pulone, L., Rossi, A., Stamerra, A., Stella, L., Testa, V., Tomasella, L., Yang, S., Bazzano, A., Bozzo, E., Brandt, S., Courvoisier, T. J. -L., Ferrigno, C., Hanlon, L., Kuulkers, E., Laurent, P., Mereghetti, S., Roques, J. P., Savchenko, V., Ubertini, P., Kasliwal, M. M., Singer, L. P., Cao, Y., Duggan, G., Kulkarni, S. R., Bhalerao, V., Miller, A. A., Barlow, T., Bellm, E., Manulis, I., Rana, J., Laher, R., Masci, F., Surace, J., Rebbapragada, U., Van Sistine, A., Sesar, B., Perley, D., Ferreti, R., Prince, T., Kendrick, R., Horesh, A., Hurley, K., Golenetskii, S. V., Aptekar, R. L., Frederiks, D. D., Svinkin, D. S., Rau, A., Zhang, X., Smith, D. M., Cline, T., Krimm, H., Abe, F., Doi, M., Fujisawa, K., Kawabata, K. S., Morokuma, T., Motohara, K., Tanaka, M., Ohta, K., Yanagisawa, K., Yoshida, M., Baltay, C., Rabinowitz, D., Ellman, N., Rostami, S., Bersier, D. F., Bode, M. F., Collins, C. A., Copperwheat, C. M., Darnley, M. J., Galloway, D. K., Gomboc, A., Kobayashi, S., Mazzali, P., Mundell, C. G., Piascik, A. S., Pollacco, Don, Steele, I. A., Ulaczyk, K., Broderick, J. W., Fender, R. P., Jonker, P. G., Rowlinson, A., Stappers, B. W., Wijers, R. A. M. J., Lipunov, V., Gorbovskoy, E., Tyurina, N., Kornilov, V., Balanutsa, P., Kuznetsov, A., Buckley, D., Rebolo, R., Serra-Ricart, M., Israelian, G., Budnev, N. M., Gress, O., Ivanov, K., Poleshuk, V., Tlatov, A., Yurkov, V., Kawai, N., Serino, M., Negoro, H., Nakahira, S., Mihara, T., Tomida, H., Ueno, S., Tsunemi, H., Matsuoka, M., Croft, S., Feng, L., Franzen, T. M. O., Gaensler, B. M., Johnston-Hollitt, M., Kaplan, D. L., Morales, M. F., Tingay, S. J., Wayth, R. B., Williams, A., Smartt, S. J., Chambers, K. C., Smith, K. W., Huber, M. E., Young, D. R., Wright, D. E., Schultz, A., Denneau, L., Flewelling, H., Magnier, E. A., Primak, N., Rest, A., Sherstyuk, A., Stalder, B., Stubbs, C. W., Tonry, J., Waters, C., Willman, M., E., F. Olivares, Campbell, H., Kotak, R., Sollerman, J., Smith, M., Dennefeld, M., Anderson, J. P., Botticella, M. T., Chen, T. -W., Valle, M. D., Elias-Rosa, N., Fraser, M., Inserra, C., Kankare, E., Kupfer, T., Harmanen, J., Galbany, L., Guillou, L. Le, Lyman, J. D., Maguire, K., Mitra, A., Nicholl, M., Razza, A., Terreran, G., Valenti, S., Gal-Yam, A., Ćwiek, A., Ćwiok, M., Mankiewicz, L., Opiela, R., Zaremba, M., Żarnecki, A. F., Onken, C. A., Scalzo, R. A., Schmidt, B. P., Wolf, C., Yuan, F., Evans, P. A., Kennea, J. A., Burrows, D. N., Campana, S., Cenko, S. B., Marshall, F. E., Nousek, J., O'Brien, P., Osborne, J. P., Palmer, D., Perri, M., Siegel, M., Tagliaferri, G., Klotz, A., Turpin, D., Laugier, R., Beroiz, M., Peñuela, T., Macri, L. M., Oelkers, R. J., Lambas, D. G., Vrech, R., Cabral, J., Colazo, C., Dominguez, M., Sanchez, B., Gurovich, S., Lares, M., Marshall, J. L., DePoy, D. L., Padilla, N., Pereyra, N. A., Benacquista, M., Tanvir, N. R., Wiersema, K., Levan, A. J., Steeghs, D., Hjorth, J., Fynbo, J. P. U., Malesani, D., Milvang-Jensen, B., Watson, D., Irwin, M., Fernandez, C. G., McMahon, R. G., Banerji, M., Gonzalez-Solares, E., Schulze, S., Postigo, A. de U., Thoene, C. C., Cano, Z., and Rosswog, S.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
Abstract

This Supplement provides supporting material for arXiv:1602.08492 . We briefly summarize past electromagnetic (EM) follow-up efforts as well as the organization and policy of the current EM follow-up program. We compare the four probability sky maps produced for the gravitational-wave transient GW150914, and provide additional details of the EM follow-up observations that were performed in the different bands., Comment: For the main Letter, see arXiv:1602.08492

Published
2016
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392. Galaxy Populations in Massive Galaxy Clusters to z=1.1: Color Distribution, Concentration, Halo Occupation Number and Red Sequence Fraction

Author

Hennig, C., Mohr, J. J., Zenteno, A., Desai, S., Dietrich, J. P., Bocquet, S., Strazzullo, V., Saro, A., Abbott, T. M. C., Abdalla, F. B., Bayliss, M., Benoit-Levy, A., Bernstein, R. A., Bertin, E., Brooks, D., Capasso, R., Capozzi, D., Carnero, A., Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., Chiu, I., D'Andrea, C. B., daCosta, L. N., Diehl, H. T., Doel, P., Eifler, T. F., Evrard, A. E., Fausti-Neto, A., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., Gangkofner, C., Gonzalez, A., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gupta, N., Gutierrez, G., Honscheid, K., Hlavacek-Larrondo, J., James, D. J., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lahav, O., March, M., Marshall, J. L., Martini, P., McDonald, M., Melchior, P., Miller, C. J., Miquel, R., Neilsen, E., Nord, B., Ogando, R., Plazas, A. A., Reichardt, C., Romer, A. K., Rozo, E., Rykoff, E. S., Sanchez, E., Santiago, B., Schubnell, M., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, R. C., Soares-Santos, M., Sobreira, F., Stalder, B., Stanford, S. A., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., Vikram, V., Walker, A. R., and Zhang, Y.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We study the galaxy populations in 74 Sunyaev Zeldovich Effect (SZE) selected clusters from the South Pole Telescope (SPT) survey that have been imaged in the science verification phase of the Dark Energy Survey (DES). The sample extends up to $z\sim 1.1$ with $4 \times 10^{14} M_{\odot}\le M_{200}\le 3\times 10^{15} M_{\odot}$. Using the band containing the 4000~\AA\ break and its redward neighbor, we study the color-magnitude distributions of cluster galaxies to $\sim m_*+2$, finding: (1) the intrinsic rest frame $g-r$ color width of the red sequence (RS) population is $\sim$0.03 out to $z\sim0.85$ with a preference for an increase to $\sim0.07$ at $z=1$ and (2) the prominence of the RS declines beyond $z\sim0.6$. The spatial distribution of cluster galaxies is well described by the NFW profile out to $4R_{200}$ with a concentration of $c_{\mathrm{g}} = 3.59^{+0.20}_{-0.18}$, $5.37^{+0.27}_{-0.24}$ and $1.38^{+0.21}_{-0.19}$ for the full, the RS and the blue non-RS populations, respectively, but with $\sim40$\% to 55\% cluster to cluster variation and no statistically significant redshift or mass trends. The number of galaxies within the virial region $N_{200}$ exhibits a mass trend indicating that the number of galaxies per unit total mass is lower in the most massive clusters, and shows no significant redshift trend. The red sequence (RS) fraction within $R_{200}$ is $(68\pm3)$\% at $z=0.46$, varies from $\sim$55\% at $z=1$ to $\sim$80\% at $z=0.1$, and exhibits intrinsic variation among clusters of $\sim14$\%. We discuss a model that suggests the observed redshift trend in RS fraction favors a transformation timescale for infalling field galaxies to become RS galaxies of 2 to 3~Gyr., Comment: 22 pages, 14 figures, submitted to MNRAS

Published
2016
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393. Galaxy-Galaxy Lensing in the DES Science Verification Data

Author

Clampitt, J., Sánchez, C., Kwan, J., Krause, E., MacCrann, N., Park, Y., Troxel, M. A., Jain, B., Rozo, E., Rykoff, E. S., Wechsler, R. H., Blazek, J., Bonnett, C., Crocce, M., Fang, Y., Gaztanaga, E., Gruen, D., Jarvis, M., Miquel, R., Prat, J., Ross, A. J., Sheldon, E., Zuntz, J., Abbott, T. M. C., Abdalla, F. B., Armstrong, R., Becker, M. R., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernstein, G. M., Bertin, E., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Rosell, A. Carnero, Kind, M. Carrasco, Cunha, C. E., D'Andrea, C. B., da Costa, L. N., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Dietrich, J. P., Doel, P., Estrada, J., Evrard, A. E., Neto, A. Fausti, Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., Gruendl, R. A., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lahav, O., Lima, M., March, M., Marshall, J. L., Martini, P., Melchior, P., Mohr, J. J., Nichol, R. C., Nord, B., Plazas, A. A., Romer, A. K., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Schubnell, M., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, R. C., Soares-Santos, M., Sobreira, F., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., Vikram, V., and Walker, A. R.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We present galaxy-galaxy lensing results from 139 square degrees of Dark Energy Survey (DES) Science Verification (SV) data. Our lens sample consists of red galaxies, known as redMaGiC, which are specifically selected to have a low photometric redshift error and outlier rate. The lensing measurement has a total signal-to-noise of 29 over scales $0.09 < R < 15$ Mpc/$h$, including all lenses over a wide redshift range $0.2 < z < 0.8$. Dividing the lenses into three redshift bins for this constant moving number density sample, we find no evidence for evolution in the halo mass with redshift. We obtain consistent results for the lensing measurement with two independent shear pipelines, ngmix and im3shape. We perform a number of null tests on the shear and photometric redshift catalogs and quantify resulting systematic uncertainties. Covariances from jackknife subsamples of the data are validated with a suite of 50 mock surveys. The results and systematics checks in this work provide a critical input for future cosmological and galaxy evolution studies with the DES data and redMaGiC galaxy samples. We fit a Halo Occupation Distribution (HOD) model, and demonstrate that our data constrains the mean halo mass of the lens galaxies, despite strong degeneracies between individual HOD parameters., Comment: 15 pages, 10 figures; Matches version accepted by MNRAS

Published
2016
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394. Cosmology constraints from shear peak statistics in Dark Energy Survey Science Verification data

Author

Kacprzak, T., Kirk, D., Friedrich, O., Amara, A., Refregier, A., Marian, L., Dietrich, J. P., Suchyta, E., Aleksić, J., Bacon, D., Becker, M. R., Bonnett, C., Bridle, S. L., Chang, C., Eifler, T. F., Hartley, W., Huff, E. M., Krause, E., MacCrann, N., Melchior, P., Nicola, A., Samuroff, S., Sheldon, E., Troxel, M. A., Weller, J., Zuntz, J., Abbott, T. M. C., Abdalla, F. B., Armstrong, R., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernstein, R. A., Bertin, E., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Rosell, A. Carnero, Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., Castander, F. J., Crocce, M., D'Andrea, C. B., da Costa, L. N., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Evrard, A. E., Neto, A. Fausti, Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., Gerdes, D. W., Goldstein, D. A., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gutierrez, G., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lahav, O., Lima, M., March, M., Marshall, J. L., Martini, P., Miller, C. J., Miquel, R., Mohr, J. J., Nichol, R. C., Nord, B., Plazas, A. A., Romer, A. K., Roodman, A., Rykoff, E. S., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Schubnell, M., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, R. C., Soares-Santos, M., Sobreira, F., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., Vikram, V., Walker, A. R., and Zhang, Y.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

Shear peak statistics has gained a lot of attention recently as a practical alternative to the two point statistics for constraining cosmological parameters. We perform a shear peak statistics analysis of the Dark Energy Survey (DES) Science Verification (SV) data, using weak gravitational lensing measurements from a 139 deg$^2$ field. We measure the abundance of peaks identified in aperture mass maps, as a function of their signal-to-noise ratio, in the signal-to-noise range $0<\mathcal S / \mathcal N<4$. To predict the peak counts as a function of cosmological parameters we use a suite of $N$-body simulations spanning 158 models with varying $\Omega_{\rm m}$ and $\sigma_8$, fixing $w = -1$, $\Omega_{\rm b} = 0.04$, $h = 0.7$ and $n_s=1$, to which we have applied the DES SV mask and redshift distribution. In our fiducial analysis we measure $\sigma_{8}(\Omega_{\rm m}/0.3)^{0.6}=0.77 \pm 0.07$, after marginalising over the shear multiplicative bias and the error on the mean redshift of the galaxy sample. We introduce models of intrinsic alignments, blending, and source contamination by cluster members. These models indicate that peaks with $\mathcal S / \mathcal N>4$ would require significant corrections, which is why we do not include them in our analysis. We compare our results to the cosmological constraints from the two point analysis on the SV field and find them to be in good agreement in both the central value and its uncertainty. We discuss prospects for future peak statistics analysis with upcoming DES data., Comment: 21 pages, 14 figures, submitted to MNRAS

Published
2016
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395. Detection of the kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect with DES Year 1 and SPT

Author

Soergel, B., Flender, S., Story, K. T., Bleem, L., Giannantonio, T., Efstathiou, G., Rykoff, E., Benson, B. A., Crawford, T., Dodelson, S., Habib, S., Heitmann, K., Holder, G., Jain, B., Rozo, E., Saro, A., Weller, J., Abdalla, F. B., Allam, S., Annis, J., Armstrong, R., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernstein, G. M., Carlstrom, J. E., Rosell, A. Carnero, Kind, M. Carrasco, Castander, F. J., Chiu, I., Chown, R., Crocce, M., Cunha, C. E., D'Andrea, C. B., da Costa, L. N., de Haan, T., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Dietrich, J. P., Doel, P., Estrada, J., Evrard, A. E., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Holzapfel, W. L., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Keisler, R., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lahav, O., Lima, M., Marshall, J. L., McDonald, M., Melchior, P., Miller, C. J., Miquel, R., Nord, B., Ogando, R., Omori, Y., Plazas, A. A., Rapetti, D., Reichardt, C. L., Romer, A. K., Roodman, A., Saliwanchik, B. R., Sanchez, E., Schubnell, M., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Sheldon, E., Smith, R. C., Soares-Santos, M., Sobreira, F., Stark, A., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., Vieira, J. D., Walker, A. R., and Whitehorn, N.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We detect the kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (kSZ) effect with a statistical significance of $4.2 \sigma$ by combining a cluster catalogue derived from the first year data of the Dark Energy Survey (DES) with CMB temperature maps from the South Pole Telescope Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SPT-SZ) Survey. This measurement is performed with a differential statistic that isolates the pairwise kSZ signal, providing the first detection of the large-scale, pairwise motion of clusters using redshifts derived from photometric data. By fitting the pairwise kSZ signal to a theoretical template we measure the average central optical depth of the cluster sample, $\bar{\tau}_e = (3.75 \pm 0.89)\cdot 10^{-3}$. We compare the extracted signal to realistic simulations and find good agreement with respect to the signal-to-noise, the constraint on $\bar{\tau}_e$, and the corresponding gas fraction. High-precision measurements of the pairwise kSZ signal with future data will be able to place constraints on the baryonic physics of galaxy clusters, and could be used to probe gravity on scales $ \gtrsim 100$ Mpc., Comment: 23 pages, 14 figures; matches version published in MNRAS

Published
2016
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396. Localization and broadband follow-up of the gravitational-wave transient GW150914

Author

Abbott, B. P., Abbott, R., Abbott, T. D., Abernathy, M. R., Acernese, F., Ackley, K., Adams, C., Adams, T., Addesso, P., Adhikari, R. X., Adya, V. B., Affeldt, C., Agathos, M., Agatsuma, K., Aggarwal, N., Aguiar, O. D., Aiello, L., Ain, A., Ajith, P., Allen, B., Allocca, A., Altin, P. A., Anderson, S. B., Anderson, W. G., Arai, K., Araya, M. C., Arceneaux, C. C., Areeda, J. S., Arnaud, N., Arun, K. G., Ascenzi, S., Ashton, G., Ast, M., Aston, S. M., Astone, P., Aufmuth, P., Aulbert, C., Babak, S., Bacon, P., Bader, M. K. M., Baker, P. T., Baldaccini, F., Ballardin, G., Ballmer, S. W., Barayoga, J. C., Barclay, S. E., Barish, B. C., Barker, D., Barone, F., Barr, B., Barsotti, L., Barsuglia, M., Barta, D., Barthelmy, S., Bartlett, J., Bartos, I., Bassiri, R., Basti, A., Batch, J. C., Baune, C., Bavigadda, V., Bazzan, M., Behnke, B., Bejger, M., Bell, A. S., Bell, C. J., Berger, B. K., Bergman, J., Bergmann, G., Berry, C. P. L., Bersanetti, D., Bertolini, A., Betzwieser, J., Bhagwat, S., Bhandare, R., Bilenko, I. A., Billingsley, G., Birch, J., Birney, R., Biscans, S., Bisht, A., Bitossi, M., Biwer, C., Bizouard, M. A., Blackburn, J. K., Blair, C. D., Blair, D. G., Blair, R. M., Bloemen, S., Bock, O., Bodiya, T. P., Boer, M., Bogaert, G., Bogan, C., Bohe, A., Bojtos, P., Bond, C., Bondu, F., Bonnand, R., Boom, B. A., Bork, R., Boschi, V., Bose, S., Bouffanais, Y., Bozzi, A., Bradaschia, C., Brady, P. R., Braginsky, V. B., Branchesi, M., Brau, J. E., Briant, T., Brillet, A., Brinkmann, M., Brisson, V., Brockill, P., Brooks, A. F., Brown, D. A., Brown, D. D., Brown, N. M., Buchanan, C. C., Buikema, A., Bulik, T., Bulten, H. J., Buonanno, A., Buskulic, D., Buy, C., Byer, R. L., Cadonati, L., Cagnoli, G., Cahillane, C., Bustillo, J. C., Callister, T., Calloni, E., Camp, J. B., Cannon, K. C., Cao, J., Capano, C. D., Capocasa, E., Carbognani, F., Caride, S., Diaz, J. C., Casentini, C., Caudill, S., Cavaglià, M., Cavalier, F., Cavalieri, R., Cella, G., Cepeda, C. B., Baiardi, L. C., Cerretani, G., Cesarini, E., Chakraborty, R., Chalermsongsak, T., Chamberlin, S. J., Chan, M., Chao, S., Charlton, P., Chassande-Mottin, E., Chen, H. Y., Chen, Y., Cheng, C., Chincarini, A., Chiummo, A., Cho, H. S., Cho, M., Chow, J. H., Christensen, N., Chu, Q., Chua, S., Chung, S., Ciani, G., Clara, F., Clark, J. A., Cleva, F., Coccia, E., Cohadon, P. -F., Colla, A., Collette, C. G., Cominsky, L., Constancio Jr., M., Conte, A., Conti, L., Cook, D., Corbitt, T. R., Cornish, N., Corsi, A., Cortese, S., Costa, C. A., Coughlin, M. W., Coughlin, S. B., Coulon, J. -P., Countryman, S. T., Couvares, P., Cowan, E. E., Coward, D. M., Cowart, M. J., Coyne, D. C., Coyne, R., Craig, K., Creighton, J. D. E., Cripe, J., Crowder, S. G., Cumming, A., Cunningham, L., Cuoco, E., Canton, T. Dal, Danilishin, S. L., D'Antonio, S., Danzmann, K., Darman, N. S., Dattilo, V., Dave, I., Daveloza, H. P., Davier, M., Davies, G. S., Daw, E. J., Day, R., DeBra, D., Debreczeni, G., Degallaix, J., De Laurentis, M., Deléglise, S., Del Pozzo, W., Denker, T., Dent, T., Dereli, H., Dergachev, V., DeRosa, R. T., De Rosa, R., DeSalvo, R., Dhurandhar, S., Díaz, M. C., Di Fiore, L., Di Giovanni, M., Di Lieto, A., Di Pace, S., Di Palma, I., Di Virgilio, A., Dojcinoski, G., Dolique, V., Donovan, F., Dooley, K. L., Doravari, S., Douglas, R., Downes, T. P., Drago, M., Drever, R. W. P., Driggers, J. C., Du, Z., Ducrot, M., Dwyer, S. E., Edo, T. B., Edwards, M. C., Effler, A., Eggenstein, H. -B., Ehrens, P., Eichholz, J., Eikenberry, S. S., Engels, W., Essick, R. C., Etzel, T., Evans, M., Evans, T. M., Everett, R., Factourovich, M., Fafone, V., Fair, H., Fairhurst, S., Fan, X., Fang, Q., Farinon, S., Farr, B., Farr, W. M., Favata, M., Fays, M., Fehrmann, H., Fejer, M. M., Ferrante, I., Ferreira, E. C., Ferrini, F., Fidecaro, F., Fiori, I., Fiorucci, D., Fisher, R. P., Flaminio, R., Fletcher, M., Fournier, J. -D., Franco, S., Frasca, S., Frasconi, F., Frei, Z., Freise, A., Frey, R., Frey, V., Fricke, T. T., Fritschel, P., Frolov, V. V., Fulda, P., Fyffe, M., Gabbard, H. A. G., Gair, J. R., Gammaitoni, L., Gaonkar, S. G., Garufi, F., Gatto, A., Gaur, G., Gehrels, N., Gemme, G., Gendre, B., Genin, E., Gennai, A., George, J., Gergely, L., Germain, V., Ghosh, A., Ghosh, S., Giaime, J. A., Giardina, K. D., Giazotto, A., Gill, K., Glaefke, A., Goetz, E., Goetz, R., Gondan, L., González, G., Castro, J. M. G., Gopakumar, A., Gordon, N. A., Gorodetsky, M. L., Gossan, S. E., Gosselin, M., Gouaty, R., Graef, C., Graff, P. B., Granata, M., Grant, A., Gras, S., Gray, C., Greco, G., Green, A. C., Groot, P., Grote, H., Grunewald, S., Guidi, G. M., Guo, X., Gupta, A., Gupta, M. K., Gushwa, K. E., Gustafson, E. K., Gustafson, R., Hacker, J. J., Hall, B. R., Hall, E. 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M., Jenke, P., Wilson-Hodge, C. A., Bhat, P. N., Bissaldi, E., Cleveland, W., Fitzpatrick, G., Giles, M. M., Gibby, M. H., Greiner, J., von Kienlin, A., Kippen, R. M., McBreen, S., Mailyan, B., Meegan, C. A., Paciesas, W. S., Preece, R. D., Roberts, O., Sparke, L., Stanbro, M., Toelge, K., Veres, P., Yu, H. -F., Blackburn, L., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Albert, A., Anderson, B., Atwood, W. B., Axelsson, M., Baldini, L., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Bellazzini, R., Blandford, R. D., Bloom, E. D., Bonino, R., Bottacini, E., Brandt, T. J., Bruel, P., Buson, S., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Caragiulo, M., Caraveo, P. A., Cavazzuti, E., Charles, E., Chekhtman, A., Chiang, J., Chiaro, G., Ciprini, S., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Cominsky, L. R., Costanza, F., Cuoco, A., D'Ammando, F., de Palma, F., Desiante, R., Digel, S. W., Di Lalla, N., Di Mauro, M., Di Venere, L., Domínguez, A., Drell, P. S., Dubois, R., Favuzzi, C., Ferrara, E. C., Franckowiak, A., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Giglietto, N., Giommi, P., Giordano, F., Giroletti, M., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Gomez-Vargas, G. A., Green, D., Grenier, I. A., Grove, J. E., Guiriec, S., Hadasch, D., Harding, A. K., Hays, E., Hewitt, J. W., Hill, A. B., Horan, D., Jogler, T., Jóhannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Kensei, S., Kocevski, D., Kuss, M., La Mura, G., Larsson, S., Latronico, L., Li, J., Li, L., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Magill, J., Maldera, S., Manfreda, A., Marelli, M., Mayer, M., Mazziotta, M. N., McEnery, J. E., Meyer, M., Michelson, P. F., Mirabal, N., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monzani, M. E., Moretti, E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Negro, M., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orienti, M., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Paneque, D., Perkins, J. S., Pesce-Rollins, M., Piron, F., Pivato, G., Porter, T. A., Racusin, J. L., Rainò, S., Rando, R., Razzaque, S., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Salvetti, D., Parkinson, P. M. Saz, Sgrò, C., Simone, D., Siskind, E. J., Spada, F., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Suson, D. J., Tajima, H., Thayer, J. B., Thompson, D. J., Tibaldo, L., Torres, D. F., Troja, E., Uchiyama, Y., Venters, T. M., Vianello, G., Wood, K. S., Wood, M., Zhu, S., Zimmer, S., Brocato, E., Cappellaro, E., Covino, S., Grado, A., Nicastro, L., Palazzi, E., Pian, E., Amati, L., Antonelli, L. A., Capaccioli, M., D'Avanzo, P., D'Elia, V., Getman, F., Giuffrida, G., Iannicola, G., Limatola, L., Lisi, M., Marinoni, S., Marrese, P., Melandri, A., Piranomonte, S., Possenti, A., Pulone, L., Rossi, A., Stamerra, A., Stella, L., Testa, V., Tomasella, L., Yang, S., Bazzano, A., Bozzo, E., Brandt, S., Courvoisier, T. J. -L., Ferrigno, C., Hanlon, L., Kuulkers, E., Laurent, P., Mereghetti, S., Roques, J. P., Savchenko, V., Ubertini, P., Kasliwal, M. M., Singer, L. P., Cao, Y., Duggan, G., Kulkarni, S. R., Bhalerao, V., Miller, A. A., Barlow, T., Bellm, E., Manulis, I., Rana, J., Laher, R., Masci, F., Surace, J., Rebbapragada, U., Van Sistine, A., Sesar, B., Perley, D., Ferreti, R., Prince, T., Kendrick, R., Horesh, A., Hurley, K., Golenetskii, S. V., Aptekar, R. L., Frederiks, D. D., Svinkin, D. S., Rau, A., Zhang, X., Smith, D. M., Cline, T., Krimm, H., Abe, F., Doi, M., Fujisawa, K., Kawabata, K. S., Morokuma, T., Motohara, K., Tanaka, M., Ohta, K., Yanagisawa, K., Yoshida, M., Baltay, C., Rabinowitz, D., Ellman, N., Rostami, S., Bersier, D. F., Bode, M. F., Collins, C. A., Copperwheat, C. M., Darnley, M. J., Galloway, D. K., Gomboc, A., Kobayashi, S., Mazzali, P., Mundell, C. G., Piascik, A. S., Pollacco, Don, Steele, I. A., Ulaczyk, K., Broderick, J. W., Fender, R. P., Jonker, P. G., Rowlinson, A., Stappers, B. W., Wijers, R. A. M. J., Lipunov, V., Gorbovskoy, E., Tyurina, N., Kornilov, V., Balanutsa, P., Kuznetsov, A., Buckley, D., Rebolo, R., Serra-Ricart, M., Israelian, G., Budnev, N. M., Gress, O., Ivanov, K., Poleshuk, V., Tlatov, A., Yurkov, V., Kawai, N., Serino, M., Negoro, H., Nakahira, S., Mihara, T., Tomida, H., Ueno, S., Tsunemi, H., Matsuoka, M., Croft, S., Feng, L., Franzen, T. M. O., Gaensler, B. M., Johnston-Hollitt, M., Kaplan, D. L., Morales, M. F., Tingay, S. J., Wayth, R. B., Williams, A., Smartt, S. J., Chambers, K. C., Smith, K. W., Huber, M. E., Young, D. R., Wright, D. E., Schultz, A., Denneau, L., Flewelling, H., Magnier, E. A., Primak, N., Rest, A., Sherstyuk, A., Stalder, B., Stubbs, C. W., Tonry, J., Waters, C., Willman, M., E., F. Olivares, Campbell, H., Kotak, R., Sollerman, J., Smith, M., Dennefeld, M., Anderson, J. P., Botticella, M. T., Chen, T. -W., Valle, M. D., Elias-Rosa, N., Fraser, M., Inserra, C., Kankare, E., Kupfer, T., Harmanen, J., Galbany, L., Guillou, L. Le, Lyman, J. D., Maguire, K., Mitra, A., Nicholl, M., Razza, A., Terreran, G., Valenti, S., Gal-Yam, A., Ćwiek, A., Ćwiok, M., Mankiewicz, L., Opiela, R., Zaremba, M., Żarnecki, A. F., Onken, C. A., Scalzo, R. A., Schmidt, B. P., Wolf, C., Yuan, F., Evans, P. A., Kennea, J. A., Burrows, D. N., Campana, S., Cenko, S. B., Marshall, F. E., Nousek, J., O'Brien, P., Osborne, J. P., Palmer, D., Perri, M., Siegel, M., Tagliaferri, G., Klotz, A., Turpin, D., Laugier, R., Beroiz, M., Peñuela, T., Macri, L. M., Oelkers, R. J., Lambas, D. G., Vrech, R., Cabral, J., Colazo, C., Dominguez, M., Sanchez, B., Gurovich, S., Lares, M., Marshall, J. L., DePoy, D. L., Padilla, N., Pereyra, N. A., Benacquista, M., Tanvir, N. R., Wiersema, K., Levan, A. J., Steeghs, D., Hjorth, J., Fynbo, J. P. U., Malesani, D., Milvang-Jensen, B., Watson, D., Irwin, M., Fernandez, C. G., McMahon, R. G., Banerji, M., Gonzalez-Solares, E., Schulze, S., Postigo, A. de U., Thoene, C. C., Cano, Z., and Rosswog, S.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
Abstract

A gravitational-wave (GW) transient was identified in data recorded by the Advanced Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (LIGO) detectors on 2015 September 14. The event, initially designated G184098 and later given the name GW150914, is described in detail elsewhere. By prior arrangement, preliminary estimates of the time, significance, and sky location of the event were shared with 63 teams of observers covering radio, optical, near-infrared, X-ray, and gamma-ray wavelengths with ground- and space-based facilities. In this Letter we describe the low-latency analysis of the GW data and present the sky localization of the first observed compact binary merger. We summarize the follow-up observations reported by 25 teams via private Gamma-ray Coordinates Network circulars, giving an overview of the participating facilities, the GW sky localization coverage, the timeline and depth of the observations. As this event turned out to be a binary black hole merger, there is little expectation of a detectable electromagnetic (EM) signature. Nevertheless, this first broadband campaign to search for a counterpart of an Advanced LIGO source represents a milestone and highlights the broad capabilities of the transient astronomy community and the observing strategies that have been developed to pursue neutron star binary merger events. Detailed investigations of the EM data and results of the EM follow-up campaign are being disseminated in papers by the individual teams., Comment: For Supplement, see https://arxiv.org/abs/1604.07864

Published
2016
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397. Joint Measurement of Lensing-Galaxy Correlations Using SPT and DES SV Data

Author

Baxter, E. J., Clampitt, J., Giannantonio, T., Dodelson, S., Jain, B., Huterer, D., Bleem, L. E., Crawford, T. M., Efstathiou, G., Fosalba, P., Kirk, D., Kwan, J., Sánchez, C., Story, K. T., Troxel, M. A., Abbott, T. M. C., Abdalla, F. B., Armstrong, R., Benoit-Lévy, A., Benson, B. A., Bernstein, G. M., Bernstein, R. A., Bertin, E., Brooks, D., Carlstrom, J. E., Rosell, A. Carnero, Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., Chown, R., Crocce, M., Cunha, C. E., D'Andrea, C. B., da Costa, L. N., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Dietrich, J. P., Doel, P., Evrard, A. E., Neto, A. Fausti, Flaugher, B., Frieman, J., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gutierrez, G., de Haan, T., Holder, G. P., Honscheid, K., Hou, Z., James, D. J., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lima, M., March, M., Marshall, J. L., Martini, P., Melchior, P., Miller, C. J., Miquel, R., Mohr, J. J., Nord, B., Omori, Y., Plazas, A. A., Reichardt, C. L., Romer, A. K., Rykoff, E. S., Sanchez, E., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Sheldon, E., Smith, R. C., Soares-Santos, M., Sobreira, F., Suchyta, E., Stark, A. A., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., Walker, A. R., and Wechsler, R. H.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We measure the correlation of galaxy lensing and cosmic microwave background lensing with a set of galaxies expected to trace the matter density field. The measurements are performed using pre-survey Dark Energy Survey (DES) Science Verification optical imaging data and millimeter-wave data from the 2500 square degree South Pole Telescope Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SPT-SZ) survey. The two lensing-galaxy correlations are jointly fit to extract constraints on cosmological parameters, constraints on the redshift distribution of the lens galaxies, and constraints on the absolute shear calibration of DES galaxy lensing measurements. We show that an attractive feature of these fits is that they are fairly insensitive to the clustering bias of the galaxies used as matter tracers. The measurement presented in this work confirms that DES and SPT data are consistent with each other and with the currently favored $\Lambda$CDM cosmological model. It also demonstrates that joint lensing-galaxy correlation measurement considered here contains a wealth of information that can be extracted using current and future surveys., Comment: 17 pages, 9 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS. This version has been revised in response to referee comments

Published
2016
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398. A Dark Energy Camera Search for an Optical Counterpart to the First Advanced LIGO Gravitational Wave Event GW150914

Author

Soares-Santos, M., Kessler, R., Berger, E., Annis, J., Brout, D., Buckley-Geer, E., Chen, H., Cowperthwaite, P. S., Diehl, H. T., Doctor, Z., Drlica-Wagner, A., Farr, B., Finley, D. A., Flaugher, B., Foley, R. J., Frieman, J., Gruendl, R. A., Herner, K., Holz, D., Lin, H., Marriner, J., Neilsen, E., Rest, A., Sako, M., Scolnic, D., Sobreira, F., Walker, A. R., Wester, W., Yanny, B., Abbott, T. M. C., Abdalla, F. B., Allam, S., Armstrong, R., Banerji, M., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernstein, R. A., Bertin, E., Brown, D. A., Burke, D. L., Capozzi, D., Rosell, A. Carnero, Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., Castander, F. J., Cenko, S. B., Chornock, R., Crocce, M., D'Andrea, C. B., da Costa, L. N., Desai, S., Dietrich, J. P., Drout, M. R., Eifler, T. F., Estrada, J., Evrard, A. E., Fairhurst, S., Fernandez, E., Fischer, J., Fong, W., Fosalba, P., Fox, D. B., Fryer, C. L., Garcia-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gerdes, D. W., Goldstein, D. A., Gruen, D., Gutierrez, G., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Karliner, I., Kasen, D., Kent, S., Kuropatkin, N., Kuehn, K., Lahav, O., Li, T. S., Lima, M., Maia, M. A. G., Margutti, R., Martini, P., Matheson, T., McMahon, R. G., Metzger, B. D., Miller, C. J., Miquel, R., Mohr, J. J., Nichol, R. C., Nord, B., Ogando, R., Peoples, J., Plazas, A. A., Quataert, E., Romer, A. K., Roodman, A., Rykoff, E. S., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Schindler, R., Schubnell, M., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Sheldon, E., Smith, M., Smith, N., Smith, R. C., Stebbins, A., Sutton, P. J., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thaler, J., Thomas, R. C., Tucker, D. L., Vikram, V., Wechsler, R. H., and Weller, J.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

We report initial results of a deep search for an optical counterpart to the gravitational wave event GW150914, the first trigger from the Advanced LIGO gravitational wave detectors. We used the Dark Energy Camera (DECam) to image a 102 deg$^2$ area, corresponding to 38% of the initial trigger high-probability sky region and to 11% of the revised high-probability region. We observed in i and z bands at 4-5, 7, and 24 days after the trigger. The median $5\sigma$ point-source limiting magnitudes of our search images are i=22.5 and z=21.8 mag. We processed the images through a difference-imaging pipeline using templates from pre-existing Dark Energy Survey data and publicly available DECam data. Due to missing template observations and other losses, our effective search area subtends 40 deg$^{2}$, corresponding to 12% total probability in the initial map and 3% of the final map. In this area, we search for objects that decline significantly between days 4-5 and day 7, and are undetectable by day 24, finding none to typical magnitude limits of i= 21.5,21.1,20.1 for object colors (i-z)=1,0,-1, respectively. Our search demonstrates the feasibility of a dedicated search program with DECam and bodes well for future research in this emerging field., Comment: 6 pages, 1 figure. Updated references. Submitted to ApJL

Published
2016
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399. A Dark Energy Camera Search for Missing Supergiants in the LMC After the Advanced LIGO Gravitational Wave Event GW150914

Author

Annis, J., Soares-Santos, M., Berger, E., Brout, D., Chen, H., Chornock, R., Cowperthwaite, P. S., Diehl, H. T., Doctor, Z., Drlica-Wagner, A., Drout, M. R., Farr, B., Finley, D. A., Flaugher, B., Foley, R. J., Frieman, J., Gruendl, R. A., Herner, K., Holz, D., Kessler, R., Lin, H., Marriner, J., Neilsen, E., Rest, A., Sako, M., Smith, M., Smith, N., Sobreira, F., Walker, A. R., Yanny, B., Abbott, T. M. C., Abdalla, F. B., Allam, S., Benoit-Levy, A., Bernstein, R. A., Bertin, E., Buckley-Geer, E., Burke, D. L., Capozzi, D., Rosell, A. Carnero, Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., Castander, F. J., Cenko, S. B., Crocce, M., Cunha, C. E., D'Andrea, C. B., da Costa, L. N., Desai, S., Dietrich, J. P., Eifler, T. F., Evrard, A. E., Fernandez, E., Fischer, J., Fong, W., Fosalba, P., Fox, D. B., Fryer, C. L., Garcia-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gerdes, D. W., Goldstein, D. A., Gruen, D., Gutierrez, G., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Karliner, I., Kasen, D., Kent, S., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lahav, O., Li, T. S., Lima, M., Maia, M. A. G., Martini, P., Metzger, B. D., Miller, C. J., Miquel, R., Mohr, J. J., Nichol, R. C., Nord, B., Ogando, R., Peoples, J., Plazas, A. A., Quataert, E., Romer, A. K., Roodman, A., Rykoff, E. S., Sanchez, E., Santiago, B., Scarpine, V., Schindler, R., Schubnell, M., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Sheldon, E., Smith, R. C., Stebbins, A., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thaler, J., Thomas, R. C., Tucker, D. L., Vikram, V., Wechsler, R. H., Weller, J., and Wester, W.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

The collapse of the core of a star is expected to produce gravitational radiation. While this process will usually produce a luminous supernova, the optical signatue could be subluminous and a direct collapse to a black hole, with the star just disappearing, is possible. The gravitational wave event GW150914 reported by the LIGO Virgo Collaboration (LVC) on 2015 September 16, was detected by a burst analysis and whose high probability spatial localization included the Large Magellanic Cloud. Shortly after the announcement of the event, we used the Dark Energy Camera to observe 102 deg$^2$ of the localization area, including a 38 deg$^2$ area centered on the LMC. Using a catalog of 152 LMC luminous red supergiants, candidates to undergo a core collapse without a visible supernova, we find that the positions of 144 of these are inside our images, and that all are detected - none have disappeared. There are other classes of candidates: we searched existing catalogs of red supergiants, yellow supergiants, Wolf-Rayet stars, and luminous blue variable stars, recovering all that were inside the imaging area. Based on our observations, we conclude that it is unlikely that GW150914 was caused by the core collapse of a supergiant in the LMC, consistent with the LIGO Collaboration analyses of the gravitational wave form as best described by a binary black hole merger. We discuss how to generalize this search for future very nearby core collapse candidates., Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures, as submitted

Published
2016
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400. The redMaPPer Galaxy Cluster Catalog From DES Science Verification Data

Author

Rykoff, E. S., Rozo, E., Hollowood, D., Bermeo-Hernandez, A., Jeltema, T., Mayers, J., Romer, A. K., Rooney, P., Saro, A., Cervantes, C. Vergara, Wechsler, R. H., Wilcox, H., Abbott, T. M. C., Abdalla, F. B., Allam, S., Annis, J., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernstein, G. M., Bertin, E., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Capozzi, D., Rosell, A. Carnero, Kind, M. Carrasco, Castander, F. J., Childress, M., Collins, C. A., Cunha, C. E., D'Andrea, C. B., da Costa, L. N., Davis, T. M., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Dietrich, J. P., Doel, P., Evrard, A. E., Finley, D. A., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., Glazebrook, K., Goldstein, D. A., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gutierrez, G., Hilton, M., Honscheid, K., Hoyle, B., James, D. J., Kay, S. T., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lahav, O., Lewis, G. F., Lidman, C., Lima, M., Maia, M. A. G., Mann, R. G., Marshall, J. L., Martini, P., Melchior, P., Miller, C. J., Miquel, R., Mohr, J. J., Nichol, R. C., Nord, B., Ogando, R., Plazas, A. A., Reil, K., Sahlén, M., Sanchez, E., Santiago, B., Scarpine, V., Schubnell, M., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, R. C., Soares-Santos, M., Sobreira, F., Stott, J. P., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., Tucker, D., Uddin, s., Viana, P. T. P., Vikram, V., Walker, A. R., and Zhang, Y.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We describe updates to the \redmapper{} algorithm, a photometric red-sequence cluster finder specifically designed for large photometric surveys. The updated algorithm is applied to $150\,\mathrm{deg}^2$ of Science Verification (SV) data from the Dark Energy Survey (DES), and to the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) DR8 photometric data set. The DES SV catalog is locally volume limited, and contains 786 clusters with richness $\lambda>20$ (roughly equivalent to $M_{\rm{500c}}\gtrsim10^{14}\,h_{70}^{-1}\,M_{\odot}$) and $0.2

Published
2016
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