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351. Introduction.

Author

Jalife, José, Delmar, Mario, Anumonwo, Justus, Berenfeld, Omer, and Kalifa, Jérôme

Published
2009
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354. Front Matter.

Author

Jalife, José, Delmar, Mario, Anumonwo, Justus, Berenfeld, Omer, and Kalifa, Jérôme

Published
2009
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358. Ion Channels.

Author

Jalife, José, Delmar, Mario, Anumonwo, Justus, Berenfeld, Omer, and Kalifa, Jérôme

Published
2009
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364. Rectification of the Background Potassium Current

Author

Samie, Faramarz H., primary, Berenfeld, Omer, additional, Anumonwo, Justus, additional, Mironov, Sergey F., additional, Udassi, Sharda, additional, Beaumont, Jacques, additional, Taffet, Steven, additional, Pertsov, Arkady M., additional, and Jalife, José, additional

Published
2001
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372. Constitutive Intracellular Na+Excess in Purkinje Cells Promotes Arrhythmogenesis at Lower Levels of Stress Than Ventricular Myocytes From Mice With Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia

Author

Willis, B. Cicero, Pandit, Sandeep V., Ponce-Balbuena, Daniela, Zarzoso, Manuel, Guerrero-Serna, Guadalupe, Limbu, Bijay, Deo, Makarand, Camors, Emmanuel, Ramirez, Rafael J., Mironov, Sergey, Herron, Todd J., Valdivia, Héctor H., and Jalife, José

Abstract

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text.

Published
2016
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373. Novel Upstream Approaches to Prevent Atrial Fibrillation Perpetuation

Author

Jalife, José

Abstract

The mechanisms underlying atrial fibrillation (AF) in humans are poorly understood. In particular, we simply do not understand how atrial AF becomes persistent or permanent. The objective of this brief review is to address the most important factors involved in the mechanism of AF perpetuation, including structural remodeling in the form of fibrosis and electrical remodeling secondary to ion channel expression changes. In addition, I discuss the possibility that both fibrosis and electrical remodeling might be preventable when intervening pharmacologically early enough before the remodeling process reaches a point of no return.

Published
2016
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374. Mechanisms of Atrial Fibrillation

Author

Berenfeld, Omer and Jalife, José

Abstract

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia; however, therapy is suboptimal. We review recent data on dynamics of wave propagation during AF and its mechanistic link to the substrate. Data show that the dominant frequency (DF) increase during transition to persistent AF may be explained by rotor acceleration. We discuss how translation of experimentally derived understanding of the rotors may find its way into the clinic, focusing on studies analyzing spatial distribution of DF in the atria of patients with paroxysmal versus persistent AF, and how that knowledge might contribute to improve the outcome of AF ablation procedures.

Published
2016
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375. Structural and Functional Bases of Cardiac Fibrillation

Author

Filgueiras-Rama, David and Jalife, José

Abstract

Evidence accumulated over the last 25 years suggests that, whether in atria or ventricles, fibrillation may be explained by the self-organization of the cardiac electrical activity into rapidly spinning rotors that give way to spiral waves that break intermittently and result in fibrillatory conduction. The dynamics and frequency of such rotors depend on ion channel composition, excitability, and refractory properties of the tissues involved, as well as on the thickness and respective 3-dimensional fiber structure of the atrial and ventricular chambers. Therefore, improving understanding of fibrillation has required the use of multidisciplinary research approaches, including optical mapping, patch clamping, and molecular biology, and the application of concepts derived from the theory of wave propagation in excitable media. Moreover, translation of such concepts to the clinic has recently opened new opportunities to apply novel mechanistic approaches to therapy, particularly during atrial fibrillation ablation. Here we review the current understanding of the manner in which the underlying myocardial structure and function influence rotor initiation and maintenance during cardiac fibrillation. We also examine relevant underlying differences and similarities between atrial fibrillation and ventricular fibrillation and evaluate the latest clinical mapping technologies used to identify rotors in either arrhythmia. Altogether, the data being discussed have significantly improved our understanding of the cellular and structural bases of cardiac fibrillation and pointed toward potentially exciting new avenues for more efficient and effective identification and therapy of the most complex cardiac arrhythmias.

Published
2016
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387. CrossTalk proposal: Rotors have been demonstrated to drive human atrial fibrillation.

Author

Narayan, Sanjiv M. and Jalife, José

Subjects
*ATRIAL fibrillation, *ROTORS, *ABLATION techniques, *EXPERIMENTS, *CARDIAC research
Abstract

The article discusses the role of rotors as drivers of human atrial fibrillation (AF). The authors argue that AF rotor ablation terminates AF and there isn't sufficient evidence to support the notion that disorganized electrical activity by itself maintains AF. Experiments supporting and refuting the author's thesis are also discussed.

Published
2014
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395. Conditional lineage ablation to model human diseases

Author

Lee, Paul, primary, Morley, Gregory, additional, Huang, Qian, additional, Fischer, Avi, additional, Seiler, Stephanie, additional, Horner, James W., additional, Factor, Stephen, additional, Vaidya, Dhananjay, additional, Jalife, José, additional, and Fishman, Glenn I., additional

Published
1998
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