Search

Your search keyword '"Investment appraisal"' showing total 364 results
Start Over Descriptor "Investment appraisal"
364 results on '"Investment appraisal"'

351. Commercialising Australia's interstate rail freight transport: Some ownership and investment issues

Author

Williams, Alan W., Ferreira, Luis, Williams, Alan W., and Ferreira, Luis

Abstract

The paper addresses the issues of rights of way ownership and application of consistent investment appraisal techniques across modes of transport. There are linkages between ownership, rights of way, competitive strategies and market contestability which will have a significant bearing on the choice of investment criteria used by commercialised railways. Investment methodologies in competing modes of land transport must be consistent. Investment in individual elements of railway infrastructure must be integrated with the overall cost recovery strategy of the operator. Major railway projects must be submitted to both financial and economic evaluation, so that the interests of individual railway authorities and the community are considered.

Published
1995

354. Economic efficiency analysis of different strategies to control post-weaning multi-systemic wasting syndrome and porcine circovirus type 2 subclinical infection in 3-weekly batch system farms

Author

Heiko Nathues, Pablo Alarcon, Barbara Wieland, and Jonathan Rushton

Subjects
Circovirus, Male, Veterinary medicine, Swine, 040301 veterinary sciences, animal diseases, Age adjustment, Biosecurity, Models, Biological, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Article, Scenario analysis, 0403 veterinary science, Porcine Postweaning Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome, Food Animals, Surveys and Questionnaires, Animals, Pig farming, Longitudinal Studies, Animal Husbandry, Post-weaning multi-systemic wasting syndrome, Antigens, Viral, Asymptomatic Infections, Subclinical infection, 2. Zero hunger, 630 Agriculture, Cost–benefit analysis, biology, Control strategies, Vaccination, 0402 animal and dairy science, virus diseases, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Animal husbandry, biology.organism_classification, 040201 dairy & animal science, Porcine circovirus type 2 subclinical infection, United Kingdom, Investment appraisal, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Animal Science and Zoology
Abstract

The study assessed the economic efficiency of different strategies for the control of post-weaning multi-systemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) and porcine circovirus type 2 subclinical infection (PCV2SI), which have a major economic impact on the pig farming industry worldwide. The control strategies investigated consisted on the combination of up to 5 different control measures. The control measures considered were: (1) PCV2 vaccination of piglets (vac); (2) ensuring age adjusted diet for growers (diets); (3) reduction of stocking density (stock); (4) improvement of biosecurity measures (bios); and (5) total depopulation and repopulation of the farm for the elimination of other major pathogens (DPRP). A model was developed to simulate 5 years production of a pig farm with a 3-weekly batch system and with 100 sows. A PMWS/PCV2SI disease and economic model, based on PMWS severity scores, was linked to the production model in order to assess disease losses. This PMWS severity scores depends on the combination post-weaning mortality, PMWS morbidity in younger pigs and proportion of PCV2 infected pigs observed on farms. The economic analysis investigated eleven different farm scenarios, depending on the number of risk factors present before the intervention. For each strategy, an investment appraisal assessed the extra costs and benefits of reducing a given PMWS severity score to the average score of a slightly affected farm. The net present value obtained for each strategy was then multiplied by the corresponding probability of success to obtain an expected value. A stochastic simulation was performed to account for uncertainty and variability. For moderately affected farms PCV2 vaccination alone was the most cost-efficient strategy, but for highly affected farms it was either PCV2 vaccination alone or in combination with biosecurity measures, with the marginal profitability between ‘vac’ and ‘vac + bios’ being small. Other strategies such as ‘diets’, ‘vac + diets’ and ‘bios + diets’ were frequently identified as the second or third best strategy. The mean expected values of the best strategy for a moderately and a highly affected farm were £14,739 and £57,648 after 5 years, respectively. This is the first study to compare economic efficiency of control strategies for PMWS and PCV2SI. The results demonstrate the economic value of PCV2 vaccination, and highlight that on highly affected farms biosecurity measures are required to achieve optimal profitability. The model developed has potential as a farm-level decision support tool for the control of this economically important syndrome.

Full Text
View/download PDF

355. Transport safety and traffic forecasting: An economist's perspective

Author

Kenneth Button

Subjects
Engineering, Cost–benefit analysis, Public economics, Ex-ante, business.industry, Traffic forecasting, General Engineering, Cost-benefit analysis, Poison control, Transportation, Policy analysis, Investment (macroeconomics), lcsh:HE1-9990, Investment appraisal, Urban Studies, Capital budgeting, Transport engineering, Prima facie, Public transport, lcsh:Transportation and communications, Safety, business, Safety Research
Abstract

This paper is concerned with forecasting traffic accidents at a relatively aggregate level and over a long time period; the sort of information that is required as part of a comprehensive cost-benefit analysis of a major transportation investment or policy change. It is not so focused on appraising the social value of specific safety measures, although some of the points made seem germane. Whereas there has been much ex ante analysis at the meso- and macro-levels looking at the causes of accidents and ways of reducing both their number and severity, much less ex post has been done considering the accuracy of predictions of accident rates after an investment or policy initiative. Given the evidence that exists on the accuracy of traffic forecasts, especially involving oft over-optimistic predictions of public transit and rail use, there is at least a prima facie case for arguing that many investment and policy decisions are being based, in part, on over favorable assumptions with regard to their aggregate safety impacts.

Full Text
View/download PDF

356. Economic Appraisal of Energy Efficiency in Buildings Using Cost-effectiveness Assessment

Author

Bahaa Elboshy, Ghada Elshafei, Pekka Tuominen, Abdelazim M. Negm, Francesco Reda, and Waled Dawoud

Subjects
Economic efficiency, construction economics, Cost effectiveness, General Engineering, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, investment appraisal, Environmental economics, Energy accounting, Capital budgeting, economic efficiency, Economics, Operations management, SDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy, Construction economics, Economic appraisal, cost-effectiveness, Energy (signal processing), energy efficiency, Efficient energy use
Abstract

The aim of this paper is to present a method and a tool based on cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) for assessing energy efficiency improvements in buildings. The method is based on comparing costs of an energy efficiency improvement with its effects in terms of reduced energy use.Ashort review of the current practices in evaluating the economic efficiency and feasibility of energy efficiency measures is presented.A case example is presented with a calculationby using a CEA calculation method adapted for energy efficiency improvements in buildings.It is here concluded that the systematic appraisal of cost-effectiveness of energy efficiency investments would allow most economical projects to be implemented first, leading to greater overall economic efficiency.

Full Text
View/download PDF

358. Efektivnost a rizika dopravních staveb

Author

Hromádka, Vít, Vítková, Eva, Vrtal, Vojtěch, Hromádka, Vít, Vítková, Eva, and Vrtal, Vojtěch

Abstract

Diplomová práce se soustředí na finanční a ekonomické hodnocení projektů dopravních staveb a na analýzu rizik s nimi spojených. Práce se zabývá teoretickými koncepty veřejných investic a životního cyklu projektu v kontextu veřejného sektoru. Součástí je také vymezení metody hodnocení těchto projektů a jejich rizikového ohodnocení, včetně plánování opatření k jejich redukci. V praktické části je pozornost zaměřena na konkrétní projekt dopravní infrastruktury. V rámci této části je zpracována finanční a ekonomická analýza projektu silniční infrastruktury s aplikací teoretických znalostí. Riziková analýza zkoumá konkrétní aspekty a proměnné spojené s projektem. Práce se tak snaží poskytnout komplexní pohled na rizika a hodnotu projektů v rámci dopravní infrastruktury, což má klíčový význam pro rozhodování o jejich realizaci., The thesis focuses on the financial and economic evaluation of transport construction projects and the analysis of the risks associated with them. The thesis deals with the theoretical concepts of public investment and project life cycle in the context of the public sector. It also includes the definition of the method of evaluation of these projects and their risk rating, including the planning of measures to reduce them. In the practical part, the focus is on a specific transport infrastructure project. Within this part, a financial and economic analysis of a road infrastructure project is developed with the application of the theoretical knowledge. The risk analysis examines specific aspects and variables associated with the project. The thesis attempts to provide a comprehensive view of the risks and value of transport infrastructure projects, which is crucial for decision making.

359. Efektivnost a rizika dopravních staveb

Author

Hromádka, Vít, Vítková, Eva, Vrtal, Vojtěch, Hromádka, Vít, Vítková, Eva, and Vrtal, Vojtěch

Abstract

Diplomová práce se soustředí na finanční a ekonomické hodnocení projektů dopravních staveb a na analýzu rizik s nimi spojených. Práce se zabývá teoretickými koncepty veřejných investic a životního cyklu projektu v kontextu veřejného sektoru. Součástí je také vymezení metody hodnocení těchto projektů a jejich rizikového ohodnocení, včetně plánování opatření k jejich redukci. V praktické části je pozornost zaměřena na konkrétní projekt dopravní infrastruktury. V rámci této části je zpracována finanční a ekonomická analýza projektu silniční infrastruktury s aplikací teoretických znalostí. Riziková analýza zkoumá konkrétní aspekty a proměnné spojené s projektem. Práce se tak snaží poskytnout komplexní pohled na rizika a hodnotu projektů v rámci dopravní infrastruktury, což má klíčový význam pro rozhodování o jejich realizaci., The thesis focuses on the financial and economic evaluation of transport construction projects and the analysis of the risks associated with them. The thesis deals with the theoretical concepts of public investment and project life cycle in the context of the public sector. It also includes the definition of the method of evaluation of these projects and their risk rating, including the planning of measures to reduce them. In the practical part, the focus is on a specific transport infrastructure project. Within this part, a financial and economic analysis of a road infrastructure project is developed with the application of the theoretical knowledge. The risk analysis examines specific aspects and variables associated with the project. The thesis attempts to provide a comprehensive view of the risks and value of transport infrastructure projects, which is crucial for decision making.

360. Efektivnost a rizika dopravních staveb

Author

Hromádka, Vít, Vítková, Eva, Vrtal, Vojtěch, Hromádka, Vít, Vítková, Eva, and Vrtal, Vojtěch

Abstract

Diplomová práce se soustředí na finanční a ekonomické hodnocení projektů dopravních staveb a na analýzu rizik s nimi spojených. Práce se zabývá teoretickými koncepty veřejných investic a životního cyklu projektu v kontextu veřejného sektoru. Součástí je také vymezení metody hodnocení těchto projektů a jejich rizikového ohodnocení, včetně plánování opatření k jejich redukci. V praktické části je pozornost zaměřena na konkrétní projekt dopravní infrastruktury. V rámci této části je zpracována finanční a ekonomická analýza projektu silniční infrastruktury s aplikací teoretických znalostí. Riziková analýza zkoumá konkrétní aspekty a proměnné spojené s projektem. Práce se tak snaží poskytnout komplexní pohled na rizika a hodnotu projektů v rámci dopravní infrastruktury, což má klíčový význam pro rozhodování o jejich realizaci., The thesis focuses on the financial and economic evaluation of transport construction projects and the analysis of the risks associated with them. The thesis deals with the theoretical concepts of public investment and project life cycle in the context of the public sector. It also includes the definition of the method of evaluation of these projects and their risk rating, including the planning of measures to reduce them. In the practical part, the focus is on a specific transport infrastructure project. Within this part, a financial and economic analysis of a road infrastructure project is developed with the application of the theoretical knowledge. The risk analysis examines specific aspects and variables associated with the project. The thesis attempts to provide a comprehensive view of the risks and value of transport infrastructure projects, which is crucial for decision making.

361. Capital Budgeting Practices in India

Author

Soni, Kashyap and Soni, Kashyap

Abstract

This study reports the results of surveys of the capital budgeting techniques of BSE 500 companies in India. The results of the study indicate the prevalent use of the IRR and the payback method as primary and secondary criterion. This is consistent to the proposition that the theory-practice gap has narrowed in recent years. The survey questionnaires included topics such as use of capital budgeting decisions and risk analysis techniques. As for the non financial criteria, 54% of the companies considered strategic alignment as an important factor in making investment decisions. Comparatively new techniques like EVA have found a few users compared to other complex techniques like Real Options and Monte Carlo Simulations. A comparison with past studies conducted around the world is also made to analyze differences in practices.

362. Capital Budgeting Practices in India

Author

Soni, Kashyap and Soni, Kashyap

Abstract

This study reports the results of surveys of the capital budgeting techniques of BSE 500 companies in India. The results of the study indicate the prevalent use of the IRR and the payback method as primary and secondary criterion. This is consistent to the proposition that the theory-practice gap has narrowed in recent years. The survey questionnaires included topics such as use of capital budgeting decisions and risk analysis techniques. As for the non financial criteria, 54% of the companies considered strategic alignment as an important factor in making investment decisions. Comparatively new techniques like EVA have found a few users compared to other complex techniques like Real Options and Monte Carlo Simulations. A comparison with past studies conducted around the world is also made to analyze differences in practices.

363. STRATEGIC INVESTMENT DECISIONS: INSIGHTS FROM A CASE STUDY

Author

Jorge Cunha, Afonso, Paulo, Leite, Marisa, and Universidade do Minho

Subjects
Case study, Engenharia e Tecnologia::Outras Engenharias e Tecnologias, Strategy, Social Sciences, Strategic investment, Investment appraisal
Abstract

The inherent difficulty of making strategic investment decisions poses significant risks that need to be mitigated. At the same time, decisions on strategic investments should be framed and justified in the company's strategic choices. In this context, one of the biggest problems known may be the excessive reliance on financial tools in evaluating investment projects. In response to this concern, some mechanisms and procedures have been developed and applied that allow the integration of strategic and financial analyzes at the level of strategic investment decision making. Examining a particular case study of a company of the automotive industry, this paper sought to understand to what extent the strategic analysis influences and relates to the business investment policy of the company. The study developed is of an exploratory nature, resorting to semi-structured interviews for data gathering. The main conclusion reached is that the evaluations supported only in financial tools are not satisfactory for the decision making proving the importance of the pre-decision mechanisms and the strategic constraints in the final decision making.

364. Venture capitalists, investment appraisal and accounting information: a comparative study of the US, UK, France, Belgium and Holland

Author

Sophie Manigart, Waele, K., Wright, M., Robbie, K., Desbrieres, P., Sapienza, H., and Beekman, A.

Subjects
venture capital, investment appraisal, accounting information, corporate governance, jel:G34, jel:G24
Abstract

The differences between the information used for the pre-investment valuation and the valuation methods used by venture capital investors in five countries (US, UK, France, Belgium and Holland) are empirically studied. The analysis is based on postal questionnaire surveys of representative samples of senior venture capitalists in each country. Differences are found, which may be attributed to the dominant corporate governance mechanism or the level of development of the venture capital market. Between-country differences persist even after taking into account between-country differences in the relative importance of investment stages and venture capital types. Apparently similar systems and venture capital markets place varying emphases on different valuation methods, with theoretically 'correct' methods not always being preferred in practice. The findings of the study highlight the need for venture capital firms entering non-domestic markets to invest considerable effort in understanding the operation of these markets if they are to exploit fully their perceived competitive advantages and minimize the likelihood of repeating the problems experienced by venture capital entrants into foreign markets in the late 1980s.

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results