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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common types of cancer worldwide. Only a minority of HCC patients benefit from curative therapies, such as surgical resection, liver transplantation, or percutaneous treatment, since the majority of HCCs are diagnosed at intermediate or advanced stages. To determine whether transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) affects survival in patients with unresectable HCC, we conducted a case-controlled study, investigating 129 patients diagnosed with intermediate- or advanced-stage HCC, classified according to the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer staging system. Of these 129 patients, 102 received TACE and 27 received symptomatic treatment alone. The primary follow-up endpoint was survival. The association of TACE with survival was estimated with the Kaplan-Meier method. Survival was significantly higher in the chemoembolization group compared to that in the symptomatic treatment group. The estimated 1-, 2- and 3-year survival rates were 61.8, 34.0 and 24.3% for the chemoembolization group and 51.9, 9.9 and 0% for the symptomatic treatment group (P<0.001). TACE was shown to significantly improve survival and is an effective form of treatment for patients with unresectable HCC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Some sharp estimates of the Lp (1 ≤ p < ∞) modulus of continuity of classes of Λφ-bounded variation are obtained. As direct applications, we obtain estimates of order of Fourier coefficients of functions of Λφ-bounded variation, and we also characterize some sufficient and necessary conditions for the embedding relations Hpw ⊂ Λ ΛBV. Our results include the corresponding known results of the class ΛBV as a special case. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We introduce a q-generalization of Szasz-Mirakjan operators Sn,q and discuss their properties for fixed q ∈ (0,1). We show that the q- Szâsz-Mirakjan operators Sn,q have good shape-preserving properties. For example, Sn,q are variation-diminishing, and preserve monotonicity, convexity, and concave modulus of continuity. For fixed q ∈ (0,1), we prove that the sequence {Sn,q (f)} converges to B∞,q(f) uniformly on [0,1] for each f ∈ C[0, 1/(1 - q)], where Booq is the limit ij-Bernstein operator. We obtain the estimates for the rate of convergence for {Sn,q (f)} by the modulus of continuity of f, and the estimates are sharp in the sense of order for Lipschitz continuous functions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We discuss the rate of convergence of the Lupas q-analogues of the Bernstein operators Rn,q(f; x) which were given by Lupas in 1987. We obtain the estimates for the rate of convergence of Rn,q(f) by the modulus of continuity of f, and show that the estimates are sharp in the sense of order for Lipschitz continuous functions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Data processing and integrated forecasting strategy has always been a major obstacle to the development of wind power forecasting system. In view of this, a novel decomposition method with SSA and CEEMDAN is constructed to decompose the original data, and also a sample entropy parsimonious integration model is applied to achieve ultra-short term wind speed prediction. Considering the respective data characteristics of each subsequence, we divide the decomposed multiple subsequences into three parts: high complexity group, low complexity group and residual group. PSO-ELM, IHOA-LSSVR, and IHOA-LSTM are applied to predict them respectively. Compared with other models with high accuracy in this paper, our model has higher prediction accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents an efficient hybrid medium-access control (HMAC) protocol with an embedded cross-layer optimization solution to provide routing-layer coarse-grained end-to-end quality-of-service (QoS) support for latency-sensitive traffic flows. A novel channel-reservation technique is proposed to significantly reduce the end-to-end delay for delay-sensitive traffic flows by allowing packets to go through multiple hops within a single medium-access control (MAC) frame and by also giving them higher priority channel access to reduce possible queuing delay. Our proposed protocol (HMAC) combines energy-efficient features of the existing contention-based and time-division multiple-access (TDMA)-based MAC protocols and adopts a short frame structure to expedite packet delivery. Simulation results in ns-2 show that HMAC achieves significant performance improvements in energy consumption, latency, and throughput over existing MAC protocols. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Let Π denote the space of all spherical polynomials of degree at most n on the unit sphere $\mathbb{S}^{d}$ of ℝ d+1, and let d( x, y) denote the geodesic distance arccos x⋅ y between $x,y\in\mathbb{S}^{d}$ . Given a spherical cap we define the metric where x, y∈ B( e, α). It is shown that given any β≥1, 1≤ p<∞ and any finite subset Λ of B( e, α) satisfying the condition $\min_{\scriptstyle \xi,\eta\in \varLambda \atop \scriptstyle \xi\neq \eta}\rho(\xi,\eta)\geq\frac{\delta}{n}$ with δ∈(0,1], there exists a positive constant C, independent of α, n, Λ and δ, such that, for any f∈ Π, where d σ( x) denotes the Lebesgue measure on $\mathbb{S}^{d}$ , and As a consequence, we establish positive cubature formulas and Marcinkiewicz–Zygmund inequalities on the spherical cap B( e, α). Moreover, a higher-dimensional analogue of the large sieve inequality of Golinskii, Lubinsky, and Nevai (J. Number Theory 91(2):206–229, ) is obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Activated epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has emerged as an important therapeutic target for a variety of solid tumors, particularly malignant gliomas. A recently discovered transmembrane glycoprotein, LRIG1, antagonizes the activity of epidermal growth factor receptor family receptor tyrosine kinases and acts as a negative feedback loop of EGFR and proposed tumor suppressors. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of LRIG1 on the biological features of glioma cells and the possible mechanisms of enhanced apoptosis induced by upregulation of LRIG1. We observed that the expression of LRIG1 was decreased, while the expression of EGFR was increased in the majority of astrocytomas, and the ratio of EGFR/LRIG1 was increased by sixfold in tumors versus corresponding non-neoplastic tissue. Upregulation of LRIG1, followed by a decrease of EGFR on the cytomembrane of the cells, induced cell apoptosis and cell growth inhibition, and further reversed invasion in glioma cell lines and primary glioma cells. Our study now clearly indicates that LRIG1 indeed affects cell fate and biology behaviors of the cells in vitro by inhibiting phosphorylation of downstream MAPK and AKT signaling pathway, and the elevated release level of caspase-8 might contribute to the enhanced apoptosis in LRIG1 transfected glioma cells. Taken together, these findings provide us with an insight into LRIG1 function, and we conclude that LRIG1 evolved in gliomas as a rare feedback negative attenuator of EGFR and could offer a novel therapeutic target to treat patients with malignant gliomas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The $ q$ emerges as an extension of the Bernstein basis corresponding to a stochastic process generalizing Bernoulli trials forming a totally positive system on $ [0,1].$ the behavior of the $ q$ combines the fast increase in magnitude with sign oscillations. This seriously complicates the study of $ q$ The aim of this paper is to present norm estimates in $ C[0,1]$-Bernstein basic polynomials and the $ q$ in the case $ q>1.$ $ 0

This paper presents an analysis framework for estimating spatio-temporal distortion associated with data-gathering algorithms in sensor networks. We assume that the underlying data field being sensed is spatially and temporally correlated and that the sink node performs real-time reconstruction of the field. Unlike existing work, the proposed analysis framework assumes realistic transmission schemes and network/routing parameters, such as congestion and limited transmission range. Our simulations show that, even for a simple collision-free transmission scheme and regular deployment patterns, the distortion analyses yield starkly different results, compared with the analyses performed in the absence of these assumptions. The analytical method presented in this paper could easily be extended to consider the real-time data-reconstruction problem under different transmission schemes, node distributions, and reconstruction methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Foliar pathogens attack alfalfa wherever the crop is grown, but their impact, especially on seed production, is poorly understood. In greenhouse trials, leaf spot injury caused by inoculation with various pathogens reduced the crude protein content of infected alfalfa leaves by 22% compared with a healthy control. There was a negative relationship between disease injury and the photosynthetic efficiency of alfalfa plants, as determined by measuring chlorophyll fluorescence in leaves from inoculated vs. non-inoculated seedlings. In field trials at two sites in Alberta from 2001 to 2003, inoculation with Phoma medicaginis increased disease incidence in four of six trials, Phoma sclerotioides increased incidence in four of five trials, and Leptosphaerulinatrifolii and Stemphyliumbotryosum increased incidence in two of six trials. There was a trend for inoculation treatments to reduce seed yield, despite high levels of background infection by indigenous pathogens. The fungicides benomyl and propiconazole inhibited radial growth of Phoma spp. in vitro and reduced disease incidence in inoculated greenhouse experiments. In field trials, applications of benomyl and propiconazole reduced disease incidence, but did not always increase seed yield. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LncRNAs are involved in modulating the individual risk and the severity of progression in metabolic dysfunction- associated fatty liver disease (MASLD), but their precise roles remain largely unknown. This study aimed to investigate the role of lncRNA Snhg3 in the development and progression of MASLD, along with the underlying mechanisms. The result showed that Snhg3 was significantly downregulated in the liver of high- fat diet- induced obesity (DIO) mice. Notably, palmitic acid promoted the expression of Snhg3 and overexpression of Snhg3 increased lipid accumulation in primary hepatocytes. Furthermore, hepatocyte- specific Snhg3 deficiency decreased body and liver weight, alleviated hepatic steatosis and promoted hepatic fatty acid metabolism in DIO mice, whereas overexpression induced the opposite effect. Mechanistically, Snhg3 promoted the expression, stability and nuclear localization of SND1 protein via interacting with SND1, thereby inducing K63- linked ubiquitination modification of SND1. Moreover, Snhg3 decreased the H3K27me3 level and induced SND1- mediated chromatin loose remodeling, thus reducing H3K27me3 enrichment at the Pparg promoter and enhancing PPARγ expression. The administration of PPARγ antagonist T0070907 improved Snhg3- aggravated hepatic steatosis. Our study revealed a new signaling pathway, Snhg3/SND1/H3K27me3/PPARγ, responsible for mice MASLD and indicates that lncRNA-mediated epigenetic modification has a crucial role in the pathology of MASLD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The chaotic nature of wind speed will damage power system seriously, and cause economic losses. Therefore, timely wind prediction is crucial for the safety of power system. However, the traditional prediction method is hard to fully learn the characteristic of wind speed. This paper proposes an optimal component IGSCV-SVR ensemble model to predict ultra-short-term wind speed. It changes the traditional single parameter optimization method of time series prediction. Firstly, the VMD based component correlation is applied to decomposing the original wind speed dataset to obtain multiple subsequences. Our model can find the dissimilarity of each subsequence, and then the model fully learns the feature of each subsequence. It can help improve the overall efficiency of ultra-short-term wind speed prediction accuracy. Finally, estimates are obtained by summing the prediction of all components. The case study proves the feasibility of our method through the comparative experiments with some previous prediction models in MSE, MAE, MAPE and running time in the experimental part of this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Opportunistic fungal infections have become one of the leading causes of death among immunocompromised patients, resulting in an estimated 1.5 million deaths each year worldwide. The molecular mechanisms that promote host defense against fungal infections remain elusive. Here, we find that Myosin IF (MYO1F), an unconventional myosin, promotes the expression of genes that are critical for antifungal innate immune signaling and proinflammatory responses. Mechanistically, MYO1F is required for dectin-induced α-tubulin acetylation, acting as an adaptor that recruits both the adaptor AP2A1 and α-tubulin N-acetyltransferase 1 to α-tubulin; in turn, these events control the membrane-to-cytoplasm trafficking of spleen tyrosine kinase and caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 9. Myo1f-deficient mice are more susceptible than their wild-type counterparts to the lethal sequelae of systemic infection with Candida albicans. Notably, administration of Sirt2 deacetylase inhibitors, namely AGK2, AK-1, or AK-7, significantly increases the dectin-induced expression of proinflammatory genes in mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages and microglia, thereby protecting mice from both systemic and central nervous system C. albicans infections. AGK2 also promotes proinflammatory gene expression in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells after Dectin stimulation. Taken together, our findings describe a key role for MYO1F in promoting antifungal immunity by regulating the acetylation of α-tubulin andmicrotubules, and our findings suggest that Sirt2 deacetylase inhibitors may be developed as potential drugs for the treatment of fungal infections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Kelvin–Helmholtz (KH) instability is simulated using dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) at the mesoscopic particle level. To model two-phase flow, the ‘color’ repulsion model is introduced to describe binary fluids according to the Rothman–Keller method. The simulated results are compared with similar experiment and simulation using other techniques, and the work concludes that DPD is a promising method for simulating these systems. Furthermore, through the model and numerical simulation, the effects of intermiscibility, temperature, magnitude of velocity difference, and density ratio on the KH instability are investigated, respectively. It is shown that the poor intermiscibility reduces the mixing of two fluids and weakens the eddy currents. It is also found that as the temperature increases, the turbulence feature, i.e. plume-like structures, is more obvious. It is also revealed that as the initial horizontal velocity difference increases, the interface rolls up faster and higher. And it is also observed that as the density ratio increases, the KH instability becomes more suppressed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Behçet's disease (BD) is a chronic vasculitis characterized by systemic immune aberrations. However, a comprehensive understanding of immune disturbances in BD and how they contribute to BD pathogenesis is lacking. Here, we performed single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing to profile peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and isolated monocytes from BD patients and healthy donors. We observed prominent expansion and transcriptional changes in monocytes in PBMCs from BD patients. Deciphering the monocyte heterogeneity revealed the accumulation of C1q-high (C1qhi) monocytes in BD. Pseudotime inference indicated that BD monocytes markedly shifted their differentiation toward inflammation-accompanied and C1qhi monocyte-ended trajectory. Further experiments showed that C1qhi monocytes enhanced phagocytosis and proinflammatory cytokine secretion, and multiplatform analyses revealed the significant clinical relevance of this subtype. Mechanistically, C1qhi monocytes were induced by activated interferon-γ (IFN-γ) signaling in BD patients and were decreased by tofacitinib treatment. Our study illustrates the BD immune landscape and the unrecognized contribution of C1qhi monocytes to BD hyperinflammation, showing their potential as therapeutic targets and clinical assessment indexes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this investigation was to develop an etomidate intravenous lipid emulsion (ETM-ILE) and evaluate its properties in vitro and in vivo. Etomidate (ETM) is a hydrophobic drug, and organic solvents must be added to an etomidate injectable solution (ETM-SOL) to aid dissolution, that causes various adverse reactions on injection. Lipid emulsions are a novel drug formulation that can improve drug loading and reduce adverse reactions. ETM-ILE was prepared using high-pressure homogenization. Univariate experiments were performed to select key conditions and variables. The proportion of oil, egg lecithin, and poloxamer 188 (F68) served as variables for the optimization of the ETM-ILE formulation by central composite design response surface methodology. The optimized formulation had the following characteristics: particle size, 168.0 ± 0.3 nm; polydispersity index, 0.108 ± 0.028; zeta potential, -36.4 ± 0.2 mV; drug loading, 2.00 ± 0.01 mg/mL; encapsulation efficiency, 97.65% ± 0.16%; osmotic pressure, 292 ± 2 mOsmol/kg and pH value, 7.63 ± 0.07. Transmission electron microscopy images showed that the particles were spherical or spheroidal, with a diameter of approximately 200 nm. The stability study suggested that ETM-ILE could store at 4 ± 2 C or 25±2C for 12months. Safety tests showed that ETM-ILE did not cause hemolysis or serious vascular irritation. The results of the pharmacokinetic study found that ETM-ILE was bioequivalent to ETM-SOL. However, a higher concentration of ETM was attained in the liver, spleen, and lungs after administration of ETM-ILE than after administration of ETM-SOL. This study found that ETM-ILE had great potential for clinical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]