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The COVID-19 pandemic has caused major disturbances to human health and economy on a global scale. Although vaccination campaigns and important advances in treatments have been developed, an early diagnosis is still crucial. While PCR is the golden standard for diagnosing SARS-CoV-2 infection, rapid and low-cost techniques such as ATR-FTIR followed by multivariate analyses, where dimensions are reduced for obtaining valuable information from highly complex data sets, have been investigated. Most dimensionality reduction techniques attempt to discriminate and create new combinations of attributes prior to the classification stage; thus, the user needs to optimize a wealth of parameters before reaching reliable and valid outcomes. In this work, we developed a method for evaluating SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 disease severity on infrared spectra of sera, based on a rather simple feature selection technique (correlation-based feature subset selection). Dengue infection was also evaluated for assessing whether selectivity toward a different virus was possible with the same algorithm, although independent models were built for both viruses. High sensitivity (94.55%) and high specificity (98.44%) were obtained for assessing SARS-CoV-2 infection with our model; for severe COVID-19 disease classification, sensitivity is 70.97% and specificity is 94.95%; for mild disease classification, sensitivity is 33.33% and specificity is 94.64%; and for dengue infection assessment, sensitivity is 84.27% and specificity is 94.64%.

Supplementary data Supplementary data related to this article can be found at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpain.2022.07.014., Neuropathic pain (NP) is a challenging condition to treat, as the need for new drugs to treat NP is an unmet goal. We investigated the analgesic potential of a new sulfated disaccharide compound, named BIS014. Oral administration (p.o.) of this compound induced ameliorative effects in formalin-induced nociception and capsaicin-induced secondary mechanical hypersensitivity in mice, but also after partial sciatic nerve transection (spared nerve injury), chemotherapy (paclitaxel)-induced NP, and diabetic neuropathy induced by streptozotocin. Importantly, BIS014, at doses active on neuropathic hypersensitivity (60 mg/kg/p.o.), did not alter exploratory activity or motor coordination (in the rotarod test), unlike a standard dose of gabapentin (40 mg/kg/p.o.) which although inducing antiallodynic effects on the NP models, it also markedly decreased exploration and motor coordination. In docking and molecular dynamic simulation studies, BIS014 interacted with TRPV1, a receptor involved in pain transmission where it behaved as a partial agonist. Additionally, similar to capsaicin, BIS014 increased cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]c) in neuroblastoma cells expressing TRPV1 receptors; these elevations were blocked by ruthenium red. BIS014 did not block capsaicin-elicited [Ca2+]c transients, but inhibited the increase in the firing rate of action potentials in bradykinin-sensitized dorsal root ganglion neurons stimulated with capsaicin. Perspective: We report that the oral administration of a new sulfated disaccharide compound, named BIS014, decreases neuropathic pain from diverse etiology in mice. Unlike the comparator gabapentin, BIS014 does not induce sedation. Thus, BIS014 has the potential to become a new efficacious non-sedative oral medication for the treatment of neuropathic pain., Laboratorios Bioibérica (Barcelona), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM)

"Cacti" are rich sources of phytochemicals with antioxidant activity, and their use is mainly focused on infusions in traditional medicine in Mexico. This study characterizes the chemical compounds found in Cylindropuntia cholla root by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and determines the total content of polyphenols and flavonoids, as well as their antioxidant capacity. The immunostimulatory effect of aqueous C. cholla root extract (ACcr) was evaluated at concentrations of 50, 250, 500, and 1000 μg/mL in Tilapia peripheral blood leukocytes. The results obtained by the GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of phenolic acids, flavonoid and phytosterol derivatives as β-sitosterol and campesterol. The determination of the total polyphenol and flavonoid contents indicated that ACcr is abundant in polyphenols, showing an anti-radical capacity of scavenging free radicals, such as those of hydroxyl and superoxide, as well as an increase in lipid peroxidation inhibition capacity. Stimulation of tilapia leukocytes resulted in the increase of its phagocytic activity, respiratory burst, nitric oxide production, and superoxide dismutase activity. Finally, the results obtained for the first time allowed establishing the chemical profile of ACcr and its antimicrobial activity against three important pathogenic bacteria. The potential of this root is indicated as an additive in formulating antioxidant and immunostimulant supplements for the aquaculture and pharmaceutical industry.

Despite the Mediterranean Sea being one of the world's marine biodiversity hotspots, it is a hotspot of various environmental pollutants. This sea holds eight cetacean with resident populations whose numbers are considered to decline in the last decades and which are particularly susceptible to POPs bioaccumulation due to their peculiar characteristics. In this work, we studied blubber concentration of various OCPs and several PCBs and PBDEs congeners in cetaceans stranded in the northern coast of the Gulf of Vera (Region of Murcia, SE Spain) between 2011 and 2018. Most compounds and congeners were above the limit of detection in most samples, although some pesticides like endosulfan stereoisomers or endrin were never detected. DDT and its metabolites, PCBs and metoxychlor appear as the dominant compounds while PBDEs shows concentrations of lower magnitude. Striped dolphin was the species accounting for higher concentrations of most pollutants. There were differences in concentrations and profiles between species which could be partially explained by differences on diet and feeding behavior. We also observed differences based on life history parameters suggesting maternal transfer for most POPs, in accordance with other works. DDE/ ΣDDT ratio suggest no recent exposure to these pesticides. Despite showing lower concentrations than some previous works, PCB concentrations accounted for higher total TEQ than many studies. According to toxicity thresholds in the literature, we cannot guarantee the absence of health consequences on populations studied, especially for those caused by PCBs. These findings are of major importance considering the relevance of the study area in the conservation of Mediterranean cetaceans.

Differential gene expression normalised to a single housekeeping (HK) is used to identify disease mechanisms and therapeutic targets. HK gene selection is often arbitrary, potentially introducing systematic error and discordant results. Here we examine these risks in a disease model of brain hypoxia. We first identified the eight most frequently used HK genes through a systematic review. However, we observe that in both ex-vivo and in vivo, their expression levels varied considerably between conditions. When applying these genes to normalise expression levels of the validated stroke target gene, inducible Nox4, we obtained opposing results. As an alternative tool for unbiased HK gene selection, software tools exist but are limited to individual datasets lacking genome-wide search capability and user-friendly interfaces. We, therefore, developed the HouseKeepR algorithm to rapidly analyse multiple gene expression datasets in a disease-specific manner and rank HK gene candidates according to stability in an unbiased manner. Using a panel of de novo top-ranked HK genes for brain hypoxia, but not single genes, Nox4 induction was consistently reproduced. Thus, differential gene expression analysis is best normalised against a HK gene panel selected in an unbiased manner. HouseKeepR is the first user-friendly, bias-free, and broadly applicable tool to automatically propose suitable HK genes in a tissue- and disease-dependent manner, Open Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL

We obtain the strong asymptotics of multiple orthogonal polynomials which arise in a mixed type Hermite-Pad\'e approximation problem defined on a Nikishin system of functions. The results obtained allow to give exact estimates of the rate of convergence of the approximating rational functions and the strong asymptotics of Cauchy biorthogonal polynomials., Comment: 34 pages

Despite the recognition of Agave tequilana Weber var. Azul as raw material for producing tequila and obtaining prebiotics, there are other highly relevant Agave species in Mexico. Oaxaca contains a startlingly diverse range of Agave species; Agave angustifolia Haw. and Agave potatorum Zucc. are two classic specimens with great commercial potential. In this study, we examined the fructan fluctuation in these two species during their lifetime in the field (from 1 to 6 years old). First, we analyzed their morphological diversity based on vegetative characteristics. Subsequently, fructan extracts were analyzed by TLC, FT-IR, and HPAEC-PAD to identify carbohydrates. Multivariate analyses of the morphological parameters indicated a morphological divergence between the two species. Furthermore, we found that the concentration of simple carbohydrates and fructans, as well as the fructan DP, changed during plant development. Glucose, fructose, and fructooligosaccharides (FOS) were more abundant in A. potatorum, while A. angustifolia showed a greater amount of sucrose and fructans with a high DP. Fructan DP heatmaps were constructed using HPAEC-PAD profiles—the heatmaps were very helpful for establishing an easy correlation between age and the carbohydrate types present in the fructan extracts. This study is an important contribution to the agave fructan knowledge of the Mexican agave diversity.

Genomic studies of the

We investigate the scaling law relating the size of the boundary of a solid tumor and the rate at which it is lysed by a cell population of non-infiltrating cytotoxic lymphocytes. We do it in the context of enzyme kinetics through geometrical, analytical and numerical arguments. Following the Koch island fractal model, a scale-dependent function that describes the constant rate of the decay process and the fractal dimension is obtained in the first place. Then,in silicoexperiments are accomplished by means of a stochastic hybrid cellular automaton model. This model is used to grow several tumors with varying morphology and to test the power decay law when the cell-mediated immune response is effective, confirming its validity.

Background Fluoroscopic‐guided lumbar procedures have increased in daily pain practice because the lumbar spine is one of the most common sources of pain. Interventional pain fellows must develop a minimum number of skills during their training in order to achieve the competences without neglecting radiological safety. However, medical training in fluoroscopic‐guided interventions is being affected by the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) situation. Methods The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of a phantom model for lumbar injection as a training strategy during the COVID‐19 pandemic in fellows of interventional pain. The study was divided into theoretical and practical modules. The hands‐on practice was performed in a lumbar model phantom where fellows were evaluated in four fluoroscopically guided approaches: intra‐articular facet block (IAFB), medial branch block (MBB), transforaminal block (TFB), and interlaminar block (ILB) divided in 5 sessions. The aim was to make as many punctures as possible in every session. We measured total procedural performance (TPP), total needle hand time (TNH), and total radiation dose generated by the fluoroscopic machine (TRD) during each procedure. Additionally, a survey was applied to evaluate confidence and satisfaction before and after training. Results A total of 320 lumbar punctures were completed. The results were statistically significant in all approaches attempted (p

The Atacama Desert represents the highest levels of mining exploitation in Chile, which inexorably results in high levels of pollution. Raptors, and particularly scavengers, have shown their usefulness to evaluate exposure to environmental contaminants in polluted scenarios. In this study, we used primary feathers from a local avian scavenger, turkey vulture Cathartes aura, to evaluate the exposure to cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) in two locations from the southern Atacama Desert (coastal and inland) and a third location from the bordering semiarid region, in northern Chile. All metals were detected in all analyzed samples (n = 54). Mean concentrations in Coastal Atacama were 0.68 ± 0.84 ppm for Cd; 1.97 ± 2.01 ppm for Pb; 59.11 ± 80.69 ppm for Cu; and 107.96 ± 51.00 ppm for Zn, while mean concentrations in Inland Atacama were 0.55 ± 0.42 ppm for Cd; 3.37 ± 2.61 ppm for Pb; 91.66 ± 77.74 ppm for Cu; and 214.03 ± 99.08 ppm for Zn. Mean concentrations in Coastal Coquimbo were 0.63 ± 0.69 ppm for Cd; 1.57 ± 0.92 ppm for Pb; 18.09 ± 6.12 ppm for Cu; and 149.37 ± 105.56 ppm for Zn. These differences could be explained by differences on abundance of mining settlements among areas. According to the literature, these values are very high for all metals, exceeding in some cases those values referred as responsible of health disorders in birds. We strongly recommend further research looking at potential adverse effects caused by heavy metal pollution on the health of human and wildlife populations in the southern Atacama Desert.

Milpa is a traditional polyculture production system mainly composed of corn, beans and pumpkin, together with other edible plants. It represents an important food and nutrients supply, but also bi...

In this work we studied total arsenic concentrations in liver, muscle and kidney of 49 individuals of two sea turtle species (loggerhead sea turtles, n = 45; leatherback turtles, n = 4) stranded in Murcia (South-eastern Spain) coastline between 2009 and 2018. In accordance with the literature, muscle was the tissue with the highest concentrations in both species, followed by liver and kidney. Although differences in arsenic concentrations were not statistically significant between the study species, loggerhead sea turtles showed concentrations two or three times higher than those of leatherback turtles, which we attribute to differences on feeding behavior and habitat preferences. Arsenic concentrations in turtles from this area increase evidence of western Mediterranean Sea as a hotspot for metal pollution. Based on the scarce existing knowledge on arsenic toxicity in sea turtles, those levels found in our study are below those responsible for liver damage.

We report chemical and B-isotope analyses of tourmaline from Ordovician S-type granites, an aplite, LCT-type (lithium-cesium-tantalum) pegmatites, and metamorphic rocks of the Conlara Metamorphic Complex (CMC) in Sierra de San Luis, Argentina. For comparison, tourmaline from three LCT pegmatites in the adjacent Pringles Metamorphic Complex was also studied. Metamorphic tourmaline from the CMC has intermediate schorl–dravite compositions, with variable Fe# [100 * Fe/(Fe + Mg)] from 32 to 79. The δ11B values range from –14.8 to –8.9‰, which are typical values for continental metasediments and granites, ruling out a marine origin for the tourmalinite protoliths. Tourmaline from the S-type granites and aplite is more homogeneous, with Fe# from 48 to 60. The δ11B range (–14 to –9.8‰) of granitic tourmaline is within that of the metamorphic tourmaline, supporting the idea of boron recycling in the CMC during partial melting to form the granites. Tourmaline from CMC-hosted pegmatites is compositionally diverse and we distinguished three groups based on Fe#: Group 1: 42 to 50, Group 2: 50 to 62, and Group 3: 62 to 93. Regardless of strong variations in Fe#, tourmaline from all pegmatites in the CMC has δ11B values from –10.3 to –7.8‰. These values overlap with the range of related granites but are about 2 permil higher, which we attribute to crystallization of 10B-enriched minerals (mica and tourmaline) in the evolved magma from which the pegmatites formed. Pegmatites from the Pringles Metamorphic Complex contain tourmaline with a similar overall range of Fe# (45 to 84) as in the CMC but lower δ11B values (–13.2 to –11.2‰).

In this work, the performance of a semicircular cylinder with the flat side parallel to the incoming flow has been studied experimentally in a wind-excited energy harvester. Preliminary sectional model wind tunnel tests have allowed the identification of the reduced velocity ranges howing appreciable wind-induced oscillations. Interestingly, vortex-induced vibration-galloping interferences have been identified for both heave and pitch degrees of freedom at low reduced wind speeds, as well as coupled galloping in the higher ranges of flow velocities. The impact on the aeroelastic response caused by the attachment of a small-diameter rod at different positions has been studied, finding an enhancement in the amplitude of the oscillations and an enlargement in the vortex-induced vibration excitation range for some of them. Based on these preliminary results, an energy harvester has been designed adopting a cantilever beam supporting the semicircular cylinder. The device has showed a good performance reaching 2.5 mW of averaged harvested power for the configuration with a small-diameter rod attached at γ=85º for 8 m/s flow speed.

Pharyngitis and tonsillitis are the most common acute respiratory infections (ARIs) in children aged ≤5 years. The analysis of published data showed that some probiotics could decrease the frequency and number of days with ARIs. This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of Limosilactobacillus reuteri ATCC PTA 5289 and DSM 17938 to reduce the duration and severity of ARI symptoms. This randomised controlled trial included children aged from 6 months to 5 years, with pharyngitis or tonsillitis, who were randomised to receive a probiotic product containing L. reuteri ATCC PTA 5289 and L. reuteri DSM 17938 or placebo, as drops, ingested orally for 10 days as adjuvants to the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The main outcomes were the duration and severity of ARI symptoms. The secondary outcomes were changes in salivary immunoglobulin A and inflammatory biomarkers. There was no fever on day 2 and subsequent days in the L. reuteri group (37.3 ±0.5 °C vs 38.6±0.3 °C, P

Introducción: En México, las úlceras por presión (UPP) son un indicador de calidad en el Sistema Nacional de Salud, se otorga relevancia a los conocimientos de los profesionales de la salud en cuanto al abordaje integral de las úlceras para el mejoramiento de la seguridad del paciente. Objetivo: Evaluar la efectividad de una intervención educativa como herramienta para mejorar los conocimientos de enfermería en la prevención y tratamiento de las UPP. Método: Estudio pre-experimental basado en una intervención educativa aplicada a un grupo con medición pre y post. La muestra estuvo constituida por 90 licenciados de enfermería que laboran en hospitales públicos de segundo y tercer nivel de atención, ubicados en el puerto de Veracruz. Se diseñaron doce sesiones de 120 minutos cada una para la intervención; en estas se abordaron tópicos de prevención, cuidado y tratamiento de las úlceras. Resultados: La variable prevención, en el indicador adecuado según tus conocimientos, obtuvo un promedio inicial de 74±15 que incrementó en la segunda medición a 91±9. t (p=.003). En la variable tratamiento, el indicador adecuado según tus conocimientos, obtuvo un promedio inicial de 57±16 y en la segunda medición pasó a 76±9. t (p=.002). Conclusión: La aplicación de la intervención educativa permitió mejorar el conocimiento sobre prevención y tratamiento de las UPP, aunque la utilización en la práctica asistencial fue menor.

Resumen Objetivo El objetivo del estudio fue analizar la supervivencia al alta hospitalaria de los pacientes tras la instauracion de una membrana de oxigenacion extracorporea veno-arterial (ECMO-VA) durante paro cardiorrespiratorio (simultaneamente o durante las 6 horas posteriores a este) en un hospital de tercer nivel espanol. Metodologia Estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo de los pacientes sometidos a una terapia ECMO-VA durante o tras maniobras de reanimacion cardiopulmonar (ERCP) en los ultimos 10 anos. Las variables fueron extraidas de la historia clinica electronica de cada paciente. Resultados Se implantaron 175 ECMO, el 84% (147) fueron ECMO-VA y el 17% (25) su indicacion fue de ECPR. El 40% (10) la terapia ECMO se inicio simultaneamente durante las maniobras de RCP y el resto (15) en las 6 horas posteriores. Se obtuvieron tasas de supervivencia del 44%. Conclusiones El uso de la ERCP a pacientes bien seleccionados puede mejorar su supervivencia.

In a recent call to action, we described pressing issues in the health-service-psychology (HSP) internship from the perspective of interns. In our article, we sought to initiate a dialogue that would include trainees and bring about concrete changes. The commentaries on our article are a testament to the readiness of the field to engage in such a dialogue, and we applaud the actionable recommendations that they make. In our response to these commentaries, we seek to move the conversation further forward. We observe two themes that cut across these responses: the impetus to gather novel data on training (the “need to know”) and the importance of taking action (the “need to act”). We emphasize that in new efforts to gather data and take policy-level action, the inclusion of trainee stakeholders (as well as others involved in and affected by HSP training) is a crucial ingredient for sustainable and equitable change.

We show that contextual hidden variables including the effect of the measuring devices can be backward-propagated by means of the Green's function to initial Cauchy hidden data. If this data is uncorrelated in spacelike-disjoint sets, the CHSH-Bell inequality can be derived. However, the correlation loophole remains unclosed.

2-Thiazolines are important building blocks in organic synthesis and are of great importance in many areas of chemistry. At the end of the last century, the use of 2-thiazolines increased in a significant way, especially in synthesis and catalysis. This review highlights the synthetic and catalytic value of 2-thiazolines in the last two decades. We will discuss the new synthetic methodologies for obtaining these heterocycles including new schemes for accessing their asymmetric versions. Most of the new catalytic applications include a variety of 2-thiazoline ligands containing diverse donor atoms, which in combination with metals like Pd, Ir, and Cu, among others, exhibit remarkable catalytic performances.

The objective of the study was to evaluate the biodeterioration of the archaeological collections of the Tumbas Reales de Si-pán museum warehouses in Lambayeque. The surface of 24 textiles and 30 bones with physical alterations in four warehou-ses was sown and planted on agar, at 30° C in aerobiosis for up to 10 days. 100 % of textiles presented alterations in texture, coloration, and integrity and 45.8 % at the edges. Bacteria were quantified with an average of 4.9 x 104 CFUm-2 in textiles and 1.4x105 CFUm-2 in bones. Fungi were quantified with an average of 7.1x103 CFUm-2 in textiles and 5.2x103 CFUm-2 in bones. The genera Bacillus, Micrococcus, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus and Streptomyces were identified in textiles and bones. In textiles, the genera Aspergillus, Alternaria, Cladosporium, Chrysosporium, Geotrichum, Gliocladium, Penicillium, Rhizopus, and Scopulariopsis were identified. In skeletons Aspergillus, Alternaria, Curvularia, Cercospora, Cladosporium, among others.

Resumen: Se presenta un estudio sobre los sitios arqueológicos que contienen pinturas y grabados rupestres en la cuenca del lago Traful (clt), situada al sudoeste de la Provincia del Neuquén, Argentina, y se analiza la ubicación de los sitios en relación con las características del paisaje y las condiciones de accesibilidad. Los estudios sugieren que la ubicación de los sitios arqueológicos con arte en clt no responde a un patrón específico con respecto a su entorno ambiental y ac cesibilidad. Dicha heterogeneidad estaría relacionada con la organización de la movilidad y los sistemas de asentamiento- subsistencia de los cazadores recolectores y su relación con el calendario social y ritual.

Colletotrichum gloeosporioides causes anthracnose in a large number of crops. Synthetic fungicides are employed to prevent this disease, even though their effectiveness and safety is questionable. Thus, effective and innocuous antifungal compounds are proposed as natural alternatives against anthracnose. The hexane fraction of Vitex mollis pulp (HF-VM) reduces anthracnose incidence in papaya fruit; however, the active compounds and antifungal mechanism of HF-VM are unknown. The aims of this study were to characterize the activity of HF-VM sub-fractions (sHFThe sHFVitex mollis fruit is a novel source of antifungal caprylic acid that could be employed as a marker to prepare standardized extracts with antifungal properties. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.

Background It is unclear whether lipoprotein(a) is associated with coronary heart disease (CHD) and ischemic stroke events in White and Black adults with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Methods and Results We conducted a case‐cohort analysis, including Black and White REGARDS (Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke) study participants ≥45 years of age with prevalent ASCVD (ie, CHD or stroke) at baseline between 2003 and 2007. Baseline lipoprotein(a) molar concentration was measured in participants with ASCVD who experienced a CHD event by December 2017 (n=1166) or an ischemic stroke by September 2019 (n=492) and in a random subcohort of participants with prevalent ASCVD (n=1948). The hazard ratio (HR) for CHD events per 1 SD (1.5 units) higher log‐transformed lipoprotein(a) was 1.26 (95% CI, 1.02–1.56) among Black participants and 1.16 (95% CI, 1.02–1.31) among White participants ( P value comparing HRs, 0.485). The HR for CHD events per 1 SD higher log‐lipoprotein(a) within subgroups with hs‐CRP (high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein) ≥2 and P value comparing HRs, 0.836), among Black participants, and 1.07 (95% CI, 0.91–1.27) and 1.36 (95% CI, 1.10–1.70), respectively ( P value comparing HRs, 0.088), among White participants. There was no evidence that the association between lipoprotein(a) and CHD events differed by statin use. There was no evidence of an association between lipoprotein(a) and ischemic stroke events among Black or White participants. Conclusions Higher lipoprotein(a) levels were associated with an increased risk for CHD events in Black and White adults with ASCVD.

El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar en condiciones de laboratorio el efecto de extractos de plantas asociadas al cultivo del maíz, para el control de Sitophilus zeamais (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) y Prostephanus truncatus (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) en granos de maíz almacenado. Para los extractos etanólicos y por infusión se emplearon plantas completas en la mayoría de los casos. Para seleccionar los mejores extractos vegetales para el control de estas plagas, primero se realizaron pruebas de olfatometría, posteriormente se efectuó el experimento de laboratorio, impregnando granos de maíz almacenado en un diseño completamente aleatorio con 10 tratamientos y aplicaciones a las 24, 48 y 72 h. Los principales resultados mostraron que para S. zeamais la mayor mortalidad la produjo la infusión de Bromus cathartiucus 57.5%) seguido por el extracto etanólico de tabaquillo Nicotiana glauca (47.5%). En el caso de P. truncatus también el extracto en infusión de B. catharticus produjo un 70% de mortalidad y un 62.5% con el extracto etanolico de Reseda luteola. De acuerdo con estos resultados, los extractos de estas plantas podrían usarse para el control de S. zeamais y P. truncatus en un programa de manejo ecológico de plagas de maíz almacenado.

Hot water treatment (HT) induces chilling injury (CI) tolerance in mango, but prolonged exposure to HT causes softening. In this sense, calcium salts stabilize the cell wall. Nevertheless, there is little information on the effect of HT combined with calcium salts (HT-Ca) on calcium absorption and cell wall stability during storage of mango at CI temperature. We evaluated the effect of quarantine HT in combination with calcium chloride (CaCl

Searches for ΔL=2 decays are crucial to disentangle the Dirac vs Majorana nature of neutrinos. While neutrinoless nuclear double beta decays are the most promising tool to look for dielectron signals of ΔL=2, searches of dilepton channels with other flavors are far less limited by statistics. We revisit the calculation of ΔL=2 decays of hyperons Bi−→Bf+ℓ−ℓ′−. We compute the rates of these decays by including the hyperon form factors, which yields finite results in the one-loop model mechanism involving Majorana neutrinos (long-range contributions). In addition, we study the short-range contributions to these kinds of processes in two appealing scenarios. First, we consider the effects of heavy Majorana neutrinos in low-scale seesaw models that involve a minimal parametrization with only two heavy Majorana states. Second, we study an alternative model where ΔL=2 decays are induced by a scalar boson coupled to dileptons to provide additional predictions.

Genomics has set the basis for a variety of methodologies that produce high-throughput datasets identifying the different players that define gene regulation, particularly regulation of transcription initiation and operon organization. These datasets are available in public repositories, such as the Gene Expression Omnibus, or ArrayExpress. However, accessing and navigating such a wealth of data is not straightforward. No resource currently exists that offers all available high and low-throughput data on transcriptional regulation in

Resilience of growing in arid and semiarid regions and a high capacity of accumulating sugar-rich biomass with low lignin percentages have placed Agave species as an emerging bioenergy crop. Although transcriptome sequencing of fiber-producing agave species has been explored, molecular bases that control wall cell biogenesis and metabolism in agave species are still poorly understood. Here, through RNAseq data mining, we reconstructed the cellulose biosynthesis pathway and the phenylpropanoid route producing lignin monomers in

Genetic differences between different Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) strains determine their ability to transmit within different host populations, their latency times, and their drug resistance profiles. Said differences usually emerge through de novo mutations and are maintained or discarded by the balance of evolutionary forces. Using a dataset of ∼5,000 strains representing global MTBC diversity, we determined the past and present selective forces that have shaped the current variability observed in the pathogen population. We identified regions that have evolved under changing types of selection since the time of the MTBC common ancestor. Our approach highlighted striking differences in the genome regions relevant for host–pathogen interaction and, in particular, suggested an adaptive role for the sensor protein of two-component systems. In addition, we applied our approach to successfully identify potential determinants of resistance to drugs administered as second-line tuberculosis treatments.