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353. Kommentar

Author

Bischoff-Ferrari, Heike, primary, Orav, Endel, primary, Willett, Walter, primary, and Dawson-Hughes, Bess, primary

Published
2014
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357. Pharmacokinetics of oral vitamin D3 and calcifediol

Author

Jetter, Alexander, primary, Egli, Andreas, additional, Dawson-Hughes, Bess, additional, Staehelin, Hannes B., additional, Stoecklin, Elisabeth, additional, Goessl, Richard, additional, Henschkowski, Jana, additional, and Bischoff-Ferrari, Heike A., additional

Published
2014
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359. Effect of vitamin D intake on seasonal variations in parathyroid hormone secretion in postmenopausal women

Author

Krall, Elizabeth A., Sahyoun, Nadine, Tannenbaum, Saul, Dallal, Gerard E., and Dawson-Hughes, Bess

Subjects
Bone diseases, Vitamin D -- Health aspects, Postmenopausal women -- Food and nutrition, Calcium in the body -- Physiological aspects, Parathyroid hormone -- Research
Abstract

Vitamin D is necessary for the formation of bones and teeth and for the absorption of calcium and phosphorus in the digestive tract. Sunlight converts a chemical in the body to a form of the vitamin. However, when people have limited exposure to sunlight, it is important that there be sufficient vitamin D in their diets. A small amount of vitamin D is naturally present in foods and many foods are enriched with the vitamin. Increases in the blood serum parathyroid hormone levels indicate depletion of vitamin D, which may have an adverse effect on the skeleton. Parathyroid hormone maintains a constant concentration of calcium in the body, regulating absorption from the digestive tract and from bone. Elderly people have different vitamin D requirements than younger people. The level of intake of vitamin D needed to prevent an increase in parathyroid hormone during the time of year when sunlight is limited was studied in 333 healthy elderly women in Massachusetts. If the average daily intake of vitamin D was less than or equal to 220 international units (IUs), seasonal variations of parathyroid hormone levels resulted. The parathyroid level was generally lowest between August and October and highest between March and May. If greater than 220 IU of vitamin D were taken a day, the parathyroid level did not vary with the seasons. Therefore it is recommended that postmenopausal women living in areas where the amount of sunlight is similar to that in Massachusetts should have an intake of greater than 220 IUs of vitamin D to maintain a constant level of the parathyroid hormone, to avoid possible problems with their bones and skeletons.

Published
1989

363. Regional changes in body composition by time of year in healthy postmenopausal women

Author

Dawson-Hughes, Bess and Harris, Susan

Subjects
Body composition -- Measurement, Postmenopausal women -- Physiological aspects, Medical climatology -- Research, Food/cooking/nutrition, Health
Abstract

We examined regional changes in fat, lean, and bone tissue for > 1 y in 125 postmenopausal women. Duplicate whole-body scans were performed at 6-mo intervals. Period 1 was June or July to December or January and period 2 was December or January to the following June or July. Lean and bone tissue mass in the arms, legs, trunk, and whole body increased in period 1 and decreased in period 2 [eg, lean tissue in legs increased 1.84 [+ or -] 0.41%. (x [bar] [+ or -] SE) in period 1 and decreased 2.84 [+ or -] 0.39% in period 2, P < 0.001]. In each region except the arms, fat tissue decreased in period 1 and increased in period 2. Quadriceps muscle strength was correlated with lean tissue mass of the legs [[r.sub.p] (controlled for height) = 0.24, P = 0.02] and physical activity was correlated with quadriceps strength. Overall, body weight did not change significantly (0.17 [+ or -] 0.41% increase, P > 0.20); however, there was a net loss of 1.08 [+ or -] 0.39% (P < 0.01) in lean tissue in the legs and a net increase of 3.43 [+ or -] 1.12% (P < 0.01) in fat tissue in the trunk.

Published
1992

366. A pooled analysis of vitamin D dose requirements for fracture prevention

Author

Bischoff-Ferrari, Heike A, Willett, Walter C, Orav, Endel J, Lips, Paul, Meunier, Pierre J, Lyons, Ronan A, Flicker, Leon, Wark, John, Jackson, Rebecca D, Cauley, Jane A, Meyer, Haakon E, Pfeifer, Michael, Sanders, Kerrie M, Stähelin, Hannes B, Theiler, Robert, Dawson-Hughes, Bess, Bischoff-Ferrari, Heike A, Willett, Walter C, Orav, Endel J, Lips, Paul, Meunier, Pierre J, Lyons, Ronan A, Flicker, Leon, Wark, John, Jackson, Rebecca D, Cauley, Jane A, Meyer, Haakon E, Pfeifer, Michael, Sanders, Kerrie M, Stähelin, Hannes B, Theiler, Robert, and Dawson-Hughes, Bess

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The results of meta-analyses examining the relationship between vitamin D supplementation and fracture reduction have been inconsistent. METHODS: We pooled participant-level data from 11 double-blind, randomized, controlled trials of oral vitamin D supplementation (daily, weekly, or every 4 months), with or without calcium, as compared with placebo or calcium alone in persons 65 years of age or older. Primary end points were the incidence of hip and any nonvertebral fractures according to Cox regression analyses, with adjustment for age group, sex, type of dwelling, and study. Our primary aim was to compare data from quartiles of actual intake of vitamin D (including each individual participant's adherence to the treatment and supplement use outside the study protocol) in the treatment groups of all trials with data from the control groups. RESULTS: We included 31,022 persons (mean age, 76 years; 91% women) with 1111 incident hip fractures and 3770 nonvertebral fractures. Participants who were randomly assigned to receive vitamin D, as compared with those assigned to control groups, had a nonsignificant 10% reduction in the risk of hip fracture (hazard ratio, 0.90; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.80 to 1.01) and a 7% reduction in the risk of nonvertebral fracture (hazard ratio, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.87 to 0.99). By quartiles of actual intake, reduction in the risk of fracture was shown only at the highest intake level (median, 800 IU daily; range, 792 to 2000), with a 30% reduction in the risk of hip fracture (hazard ratio, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.58 to 0.86) and a 14% reduction in the risk of any nonvertebral fracture (hazard ratio, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.76 to 0.96). Benefits at the highest level of vitamin D intake were fairly consistent across subgroups defined by age group, type of dwelling, baseline 25-hydroxyvitamin D level, and additional calcium intake. CONCLUSIONS: High-dose vitamin D supplementation (≥800 IU daily) was somewhat favorable in the prevention of hip f

Published
2012

374. Nutrition & aging

Author

Russell, Robert, Meydani, Simin, Crim, Marilyn, and Dawson-Hughes, Bess

Subjects
Aged -- Food and nutrition, Nutrition -- Requirements, Vitamins -- Health aspects, Calcium -- Health aspects, Proteins in human nutrition -- Health aspects, Aging -- Health aspects
Abstract

Four nutritional experts provide answers to commonly asked questions about how eating and nutrition affect the aging process. The experts discuss recommended requirements for calcium, protein and various vitamins, such as the importance of getting enough Vitamin B-12 and folate., Age has its privileges. And its aches and pains, falls and fractures, frailty and illnesses, memory loss and ... and.... Oh yes. The question is: Can good nutrition delay--or even [...]

Published
1996

375. A Pooled Analysis of Vitamin D Dose

Author

Bischoff-Ferrari, Heike A., primary, Willett, Calter C., additional, Orav, Endel J., additional, Lips, Paul, additional, Meunier, Pierre J., additional, Lyons, Ronan A., additional, Flicker, Leon, additional, Wark, John, additional, Jackson, Rebecca D., additional, Cauley, Jane A., additional, Meyer, Haakon E., additional, Pfeifer, Michael, additional, Sanders, Kerrie M., additional, Stähelin, Hannes B., additional, Theiler, Robert, additional, and Dawson-Hughes, Bess, additional

Published
2012
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379. Oral supplementation with 25(OH)D3 versus vitamin D3: Effects on 25(OH)D levels, lower extremity function, blood pressure, and markers of innate immunity

Author

Bischoff‐Ferrari, Heike Annette, primary, Dawson‐Hughes, Bess, additional, Stöcklin, Elisabeth, additional, Sidelnikov, Eduard, additional, Willett, Walter Churchill, additional, Edel, John Orav, additional, Stähelin, Hannes Balthasar, additional, Wolfram, Swen, additional, Jetter, Alexander, additional, Schwager, Joseph, additional, Henschkowski, Jana, additional, von Eckardstein, Arnold, additional, and Egli, Andreas, additional

Published
2011
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383. Joint Official Positions of the International Society for Clinical Densitometry and International Osteoporosis Foundation on FRAX®

Author

Hans, Didier B., primary, Kanis, John A., additional, Baim, Sanford, additional, Bilezikian, John P., additional, Binkley, Neil, additional, Cauley, Jane A., additional, Compston, Juliet E., additional, Cooper, Cyrus, additional, Dawson-Hughes, Bess, additional, El-Hajj Fuleihan, Ghada, additional, Leslie, William D., additional, Lewiecki, E. Michael, additional, Luckey, Marjorie M., additional, McCloskey, Eugene V., additional, Papapoulos, Socrates E., additional, Poiana, Catalina, additional, and Rizzoli, René, additional

Published
2011
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384. Milk intake and risk of hip fracture in men and women: A meta‐analysis of prospective cohort studies

Author

Bischoff‐Ferrari, Heike A, primary, Dawson‐Hughes, Bess, additional, Baron, John A, additional, Kanis, John A, additional, Orav, Endel J, additional, Staehelin, Hannes B, additional, Kiel, Douglas P, additional, Burckhardt, Peter, additional, Henschkowski, Jana, additional, Spiegelman, Donna, additional, Li, Ruifeng, additional, Wong, John B, additional, Feskanich, Diane, additional, and Willett, Walter C, additional

Published
2011
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386. 14th Vitamin D Workshop consensus on vitamin D nutritional guidelines

Author

Henry, Helen L., primary, Bouillon, Roger, additional, Norman, Anthony W., additional, Gallagher, J. Christopher, additional, Lips, Paul, additional, Heaney, Robert P., additional, Vieth, Reinhold, additional, Pettifor, John M., additional, Dawson-Hughes, Bess, additional, Lamberg-Allardt, Christel J., additional, and Ebeling, Peter R., additional

Published
2010
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392. Three-Phase Model Harmonizes Estimates of the Maximal Suppression of Parathyroid Hormone by 25-Hydroxyvitamin D in Persons 65 Years of Age and Older1–3

Author

Durazo-Arvizu, Ramón A., primary, Dawson-Hughes, Bess, additional, Sempos, Christopher T., additional, Yetley, Elizabeth A., additional, Looker, Anne C., additional, Cao, Guichan, additional, Harris, Susan S., additional, Burt, Vicki L., additional, Carriquiry, Alicia L., additional, and Picciano, Mary Frances, additional

Published
2010
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394. Synthroid and soy

Author

Dawson-Hughes, Bess

Subjects
College faculty, Beverages, Thyroid hormones, Hypothyroidism, Thyroid diseases, Health
Abstract

Q Is it true you should not take soy products when you are using Synthroid for hypothyroidism? A Jacqueline Kung, MD, assistant professor of medicine at Tufts University School of [...]

Published
2019

395. Whole vs. milled flax

Author

Dawson-Hughes, Bess

Subjects
Fatty acids, Grains, Yogurt, Health
Abstract

Q Is there a nutritional difference between eating whole flax and milled flax? A 'Technically, whole and milled flax have similar nutrient profiles,' says Caleigh Sawicki, a Friedman School PhD [...]

Published
2019

396. Plant omega-3s

Author

Dawson-Hughes, Bess

Subjects
Linolenic acids, Human nutrition, Omega 3 fatty acids, Health insurance, Seeds, Nutrition, Unsaturated fatty acids, Fatty acids, Retirement benefits, Health, Editors, Lipids, Health
Abstract

Q Can one eat ground flax seed and/or walnuts instead offish for good heart health? A Alice H. Lichtenstein, DSc, director of the Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory at the Human Nutrition [...]

Published
2019

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