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PurposeMethodsResultsConclusionTo assess the utility of pig head model as an oculoplastic surgical training tool.Fresh pig head was availed for surgical workshop for entropion correction, eyelid margin repair, and evisceration with implant for oculoplastic surgery-naïve participants. Skill improvement, surgical understanding, and performance of the participants were evaluated both subjectively and objectively by trained oculoplastic surgeons. Subjective assessment was done by a standardized questionnaire based on Likert scale shared with the participants post training. Objective evaluation was done by the faculty based on a three-point scale and a competency-based surgical assessment rubric.There were 18 surgery-naïve participants in the workshop which comprised ophthalmology residents and comprehensive ophthalmologists. About 88.88% of the participants were able to perform the lid margin and sub-tarsal dissection in entropion surgery. While performing lid tear repair, 94.44% were correctly able to identify the grey line and anterior and posterior lamellae. About 83.33% of the participants were able to place an implant in the scleral shell or intraconal space. About 83.33% of the participants noted that texture and tissue maneuvering were similar to the human eye while performing surgical steps. About 94.44% of the participants reported better understanding, development of skill and additional confidence after training. The median score on objective assessment was 3. The performance on real patients resulted in a median score of 4 for entropion correction.Porcine orbital dissection is an available, affordable, and useful tool for oculoplastic surgical training. Training on porcine model can improve anatomical understanding, clinical judgement, and surgical efficiency in trainees. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Re: Cryoanalgesic versus EMLA® cream to reduce pain during analgesic injection in upper eyelid surgery: a randomized trial Keywords: Anaesthetic injection; cryoanalgesia; EMLA cream EN Anaesthetic injection cryoanalgesia EMLA cream 173 173 1 02/18/21 20210401 NES 210401 To The Editor, Re: Cryoanalgesic versus EMLA® cream to reduce pain during analgesic injection in upper eyelid surgery: a randomized trial We read with great interest the article by Tanaboonyawat S, Choontanom R.[1] We would like to congratulate the authors on the first head-on comparative trial between cryoanalgesia and EMLA in reducing pain due to anaesthetic injection in upper eyelid surgery. We think that instead of giving anaesthetic injection first in the cryoanalgesia group in all cases, randomly giving anaesthetic injection first in the EMLA cream group and then in the cryoanalgesia group, they could have reduced this bias. [Extracted from the article]

Dear Editor, We read with great interest "External levator resection for involutional ptosis: is intraoperative suture adjustment necessary for good outcomes?" In the historical control group, 12 eyelids did not have adjustment.[2] The authors further gave a subgroup analysis comparing the adjusted group (13 eyelids) to the non-adjusted (23 eyelids) to eliminate this selection bias. [Extracted from the article]

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of unilateral tarso-frontalis silicone sling without levator extirpation or disinsertion in dampening the jaw wink in patients with congenital ptosis associated with Marcus Gunn Jaw Winking synkinesis phenomenon., Methods: Retrospective review of medical records of all patients of congenital ptosis with moderate to severe Marcus Gunn jaw winking synkinesis who underwent unilateral tarsofrontal silicone sling surgery without extirpation of the levator muscle were retrospectively reviewed. Data were collected about the pre- and the postoperative severity of the ptosis and the amount of Marcus Gunn jaw winking excursion., Results: Twenty-three patients were included in the study. Mean postoperative follow up duration was 31.2 (range 6-208) weeks. The severity of the preoperative jaw wink was mild (<2 mm excursion) in 0 patient, moderate (2-5mm) in 15 (65%) patients, and severe (>5 mm eyelid excursion) in 8 (35%) patients. Postoperatively, 20 (87%) patients had mild residual jaw wink, 3 (13%) patients had moderate jaw wink and none of the patient had severe residual jaw wink., Conclusion: Unilateral tarsofrontal silicone sling without disinsertion or extirpation of the levator can reduce the severity of the jaw wink excursion in patients with congenital ptosis with moderate to severe preoperative Marcus Gunn jaw winking synkinesis.