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[[Genus Bedotia Regan]] Biogeography. Sparks and Smith (2004a) demonstrated that Bedotiidae and Bedotia are monophyletic (Fig. 1). In that study, three essentially geographically distinct clades were recovered within Bedotia (Sparks & Smith, 2004a; Fig. 5). Clade A comprises species with distributions ranging from mid- to southeastern Madagascar. Members of clade A are characterized by a wide, continuous black midlateral stripe. Members of clade B, which lack a midlateral stripe and instead exhibit blotchy or speckled lateral pigmentation patterns, are restricted to eastern drainages north of the Masoala Peninsula. Members of clade C exhibit distributions extending from the Masoala Peninsula southward to the Ivoloina River basin, and possess either a heavily barred and mottled lateral pigmentation pattern (e.g., B. masoala), or a continuous midlateral stripe (e.g., B. longianalis). Interestingly, the Ivoloina River drainage represents the only locality where distributional overlap has been reported for members of these three clades. Bedotia madagascariensis (clade A) and two recently discovered populations, B. sp. ���ivoloina��� and B. sp. ���betampona��� (both members of clade C), occur within the Ivoloina drainage; however, these taxa are not syntopically distributed (P. Loiselle, pers. comm.). Whereas both B. sp. ���ivoloina��� and B. sp. ���betampona��� are endemic to portions of the upper to middle reaches of the Ivoloina basin, this drainage represents the northern range limit for B. madagascariensis, which is restricted to its lower, coastal reaches. Bedotia madagascariensis exhibits a comparatively wide geographic range, which extends southward to the Mangoro River (Loiselle & Stiassny 2003; Fig. 5). Loiselle has suggested that expansion of the Pangalanes canal may have permitted B. madagascariensis to extend its range northward into the Ivoloina River drainage. This canal system, developed in French colonial times to increase commerce and spanning a large portion of eastern coastal Madagascar from about Tamatave in the north to near Farafangana in the south, effectively links the lower coastal reaches of eastern drainages throughout its range. Based on data from a number of recent expeditions to the region, there appears to be no distributional overlap between species belonging to clades B and C. The hypothesis of relationships for Bedotia presented by Sparks and Smith (2004a; Fig. 1) reveals much undocumented intrageneric diversity, and also indicates that species of Bedotia exhibit a high degree of local endemism. Interestingly, the southern (clade A) and northern (clade B) clades are more closely related to each other than either is to the central eastern clade (clade C), which separates their distributional ranges. A pattern of geographically distinct northern and southern clades is consistent with biogeographic patterns recovered for other Malagasy freshwater fish lineages, including some cichlids (Sparks, 2003; Sparks & Smith, 2004b). Unfortunately, not much is known about the intrarelationships of other Malagasy fish groups with similar geographic ranges (i.e., those which span most of the eastern escarpment of the island). Similarly, not enough is currently known about the paleogeographic history of eastern and northern Madagascar to relate these contemporaneous patterns to historical geological events (see Wells, 2003). Studies are ongoing to reconstruct the relationships of additional Malagasy freshwater fish clades (Sparks & Smith, unpubl. data), which will permit alternative biogeographic hypotheses to be evaluated. In conjunction with an increased understanding of the paleogeographic history of the region, these data may help to elucidate the historical processes that have shaped the current distributions of freshwater fishes in eastern and northern Madagascar., Published as part of John S. Sparks & Leila M. R. Rush, 2005, A new rainbowfish (Teleostei: Melanotaenioidei: Bedotiidae) from the southeastern highlands of Madagascar, with comments on the biogeography of Bedotia., pp. 39-54 in Zootaxa 1051 on pages 50-51

Bedotia madagascariensis: MHNG 665.7, holotype; AMNH 97061; AMNH 97070; AMNH 229594; AMNH 231373 (C&S); UMMZ uncat. (C&S)., Published as part of John S. Sparks & Leila M. R. Rush, 2005, A new rainbowfish (Teleostei: Melanotaenioidei: Bedotiidae) from the southeastern highlands of Madagascar, with comments on the biogeography of Bedotia., pp. 39-54 in Zootaxa 1051 on page 52

Bedotia sp. ���antalaha���: AMNH uncat., Published as part of John S. Sparks & Leila M. R. Rush, 2005, A new rainbowfish (Teleostei: Melanotaenioidei: Bedotiidae) from the southeastern highlands of Madagascar, with comments on the biogeography of Bedotia., pp. 39-54 in Zootaxa 1051 on page 52

Rheocles lateralis: AMNH 59311, holotype; AMNH 59312, paratypes (C&S); UMMZ 237208, paratypes.

Rheocles alaotrensis: MNHN 1913-333, lectotype; MNHN 1913-327 to 332, paralectotypes; AMNH 97129 (C&S); AMNH 88171 (C&S); AMNH 231221 (C&S); UMMZ 217679 (C&S); UMMZ 240133; UMMZ 240144 (C&S); UMMZ uncat., Published as part of John S. Sparks & Leila M. R. Rush, 2005, A new rainbowfish (Teleostei: Melanotaenioidei: Bedotiidae) from the southeastern highlands of Madagascar, with comments on the biogeography of Bedotia., pp. 39-54 in Zootaxa 1051 on page 52

Rheocles wrightae: MNHN 1942-77, holotype; MNHN 1989-1614, paratypes; AMNH 058908, paratype; AMNH 228077 (C&S); UMMZ 237209., Published as part of John S. Sparks & Leila M. R. Rush, 2005, A new rainbowfish (Teleostei: Melanotaenioidei: Bedotiidae) from the southeastern highlands of Madagascar, with comments on the biogeography of Bedotia., pp. 39-54 in Zootaxa 1051 on page 52

Bedotia sp. ���beforona���: AMNH 229580., Published as part of John S. Sparks & Leila M. R. Rush, 2005, A new rainbowfish (Teleostei: Melanotaenioidei: Bedotiidae) from the southeastern highlands of Madagascar, with comments on the biogeography of Bedotia., pp. 39-54 in Zootaxa 1051 on page 52

Bedotia albomarginata, new species (Figures 2-4; Table 1) Bedotia vondrozo nomen nudem: Sparks & Stiassny 2003: 851, table 9.1; Loiselle & Stiassny 2003: 868, table 9.2. Bedotia "vevembe": Sparks & Smith 2004a: 723, table 1; 726, fig. 2. Holotype: UMMZ 245388, male, 59.2 mm SL; Madagascar: southeastern highlands: Fianarantsoa Province: Mananara drainage basin: Sahapindra River: near towns of Vondrozo and Vevembe; J. S. Sparks, K. J. Riseng, Richard Randriamampionana and local Malagasy guides, June 1996. Paratypes: A total of 129 specimens, 15.7-88.2 mm SL, all from Madagascar, southeastern highlands, Fianarantsoa Province: AMNH 235851 (15, 24.2-83.5 mm SL, 3 ex. C&S), UMMZ 240253 (38, 19.2-88.2 mm SL); Mananara River drainage basin: small stream that passes Vevembe camp (Pandanus stream), JSS 96-8, 24 June 1996. AMNH 235852 (15, 21.5-67.2 mm SL), UMMZ 244515 (34, 17.8-78.9 mm SL); Mananara River drainage basin: Vahifito River: west of Vevembe camp area (22�� 47��� 0���S, 47�� 10��� 33���E), JSS 96-6, 23 June 1996. AMNH 235853 (1, 51.7 mm SL), UMMZ 244516 (2, 43.9-62.8 mm SL), data as for holotype. AMNH 235854 (4, 42.2-68.0 mm SL), UMMZ 244514 (10, 15.7-52.4 mm SL); Rienana River drainage basin: small stream near Karianga camp (22�� 24��� 27���S, 47�� 22��� 16���E), JSS 96-4, 19 June 1996. AMNH 235855 (3, 63.7-71.5 mm SL), UMMZ 244517 (6, 59.1-78.2 mm SL); Mananara River drainage basin: near towns of Vondrozo and Vevembe: Sahapindra River. All specimens collected by J. S. Sparks, K. J. Riseng, Richard Randriamampionana and local Malagasy guides, June 1996. Diagnosis. A Bedotia distinguished from congeners in preservative by the presence of broad white margins on the second dorsal fin and anal fin in males (vs. hyaline or black in congeners). In life Bedotia albomarginata is unique in the possession of a white margin on the second dorsal fin in males and a blotchy bright yellow, orange, or orangish-red anal fin in both sexes. Bedotia albomarginata may also be distinguished from congeners, except B. marojejy, by the presence of a markedly lanceolate caudal fin in large (>80 mm SL) males (vs. emarginate or rounded). Bedotia albomarginata is further distinguished from B. marojejy by the presence of a solid midlateral stripe (vs. sparse and irregular lateral blotches or speckles) and a greater number of scales in longitudinal series (37-38 vs. 32-34). Description. Morphometric data and meristic counts are presented in Table 1. Bedotia albomarginata attains nearly 90 mm SL. Body elongate and laterally compressed, particularly posteriorly. Mouth large, caudal margins of maxilla and premaxilla terminate at level of vertical located at about 1/3 distance through orbit from anterior margin. Lateral snout outline acute and isognathous to moderately prognathous, especially in larger males. Mouth oblique, forming an angle of ca. 30-35�� to horizontal. Snout elongate, dorsoventrally compressed and wide. In lateral view, snout concave posterior to premaxillary pedicels. ���Bedotia notch��� (sensu Stiassny 1990) of the premaxilla pronounced. Eye large. First dorsal-fin origin located well posterior to vertical through pelvic-fin insertion, at about 3/4 of distance between pelvic- and anal-fin origins. Second dorsal-fin origin located well posterior to vertical through anal-fin origin, at about 1/3 distance along anal-fin base. First dorsal fin with four to six feeble unbranched rays. Second dorsal fin with 11-14 rays (mode 13), including 2-4 initial unbranched rays. Anal fin with 16-19 rays (mode 18), including 2-4 initial unbranched rays (a single specimen examined with only one unbranched anal-fin ray). First anal-fin ray either unsegmented or with clearly defined segments. Caudal fin weakly emarginate to rounded in smaller specimens, emarginate in adult females, and strongly lanceolate in large adult males (Fig. 4). Caudal margins of second dorsal fin and anal fin pointed and produced in males; rounded and not produced in females. Flanks covered with large, regularly imbricate cycloid scales. Scales on dorsum also large and cycloid. Chest scales only slightly reduced in size, not noticeably embedded. Scales of reduced size extending onto caudal fin for about 1/4 of its length in females and juvenile males, 1/7 of fin length in adult males. Head asquamate from tip of snout through interorbital region to posterior margin of orbit, except for single, enlarged, dorsal interorbital scale that extends anteriorly to approximately mid-orbit (in most specimens examined). Cheek scaled. Opercle scaled except along caudal margin, and subopercle scaled except along caudal or caudoventral margin. Interopercle scaled. Scales on operculum and cheek large, cycloid. Lacrimal and posterior margin of preopercle asquamate. Nineteen or 20 predorsal scales, and 37 or 38 scales in longitudinal series. Anteriorly, premaxilla with 5-8 and dentary 6-7 closely set and weakly differentiated rows of small, recurved unicuspid teeth. Rostral teeth in upper and lower jaws somewhat procumbently implanted. Dentition covers exposed surface of both premaxilla and dentary. Five to seven rows of teeth posterior to ���Bedotia notch��� on premaxilla, tapering to 3-5 rows caudally on premaxilla. Posteriorly, dentary with 2-4 rows of teeth, tapering to 1-2 rows terminally. Extensive tooth patches present on endopterygoid. Endopterygoid tooth patches extend slightly over anterior margin of metapterygoid. Ventral endopterygoid tooth patches overlap dorsal margin of quadrate slightly. Small tooth patch present on ectopterygoid and posteriorly on palatine, near articulation of palatine and ectopterygoid. Anterior margin of vomer with 2-4 rows of robust recurved, unicuspid teeth. Toothplates of pharyngobranchials 2 and 3 covered with robust, closely (but also irregularly) set, recurved unicuspid teeth. Fourth upper toothplate (= toothplate of absent fourth pharyngobranchial) also with robust and closely set, recurved unicuspid teeth. Fifth ceratobranchial elements separate, overlapping only at anterior margin. Fifth ceratobranchial toothplates with robust, recurved unicuspid teeth. Weakly hooked and bicuspid teeth (i.e., with weak minor, subapical cusp) present anteriorly on toothplates of third pharyngobranchial and fifth ceratobranchial elements. Eight or nine strongly denticulate and widely set first ceratobranchial rakers, including raker in angle of arch. Rakers of first ceratobranchial elements short and robust anteriorly, becoming triangular and progressively elongate posteriorly. Two or three short, robust, and apically denticulate hypobranchial gill rakers. Four short, widely set, and strongly denticulate first epibranchial rakers. Other gill rakers short, robust, and strongly denticulate apically. Robust toothplates cover dorsal surface of fourth ceratobranchial elements. Anterior arm of first epibranchial bone much longer than uncinate process. Total vertebral count 33-36 (mode 35), with a variable formula of 17 + 16 (1), 18 + 15 (1), 18 + 16 (5), 18 + 17 (8), 18 + 18 (2), 19 + 16 (8), or 19 + 17 (7) precaudal and caudal vertebrae, respectively. Posterior region of vertebral column, including parapophyses, prezygapophyses, vertebral centra, and bases of neural and hemal spines, dorsoventrally thickened and expanded (Stiassny 1990: figs. 10a and 11). Coloration in life (Fig. 4). Base body coloration dark olive to dark grayish-brown dorsal of lateral midline, white or pearlescent ventral to lateral midline. Prominent, wide black midlateral stripe present and continuous. Some iridescent golden scales present within midlateral stripe centrally on body and dorsal to midlateral stripe posteriorly on flanks. Chest and belly white or pearlescent. Pupil surrounded by bright yellow ring interrupted by black midlateral stripe. Lacrimal, snout, and interorbital region dark gray to grayish-black. Preopercle and opercle white or pearlescent, except dorsally where midlateral stripe passes. Narrow black stripe present on body just dorsal to anal-fin base. Pectoral base black. First dorsal fin grayish along anterior margin, pale yellow elsewhere. Second dorsal fin in males pale yellow proximal to body, bright orangish-red or red centrally, and white terminally. In females, second dorsal orangish-red, lighter proximal to body, with thin black margin posteriorly on fin. Anal fin in males bright yellowish orange, orange, or reddish proximal to body, bright red or white terminally. Anal fin in females hyaline to whitish anteriorly, orange to orangish-red posteriorly, with thin black margin terminally on posterior half of fin. Prominent and variably developed black triangular patch present centrally on caudal fin near base. Caudal fin bright red in large adult males, particularly centrally (some specimens with whitish dorsal and ventral margins). Caudal fin yellow in juvenile males (Fig. 4C). Caudal fin mostly hyaline in females, some black pigment present along central rays. Pelvic fins whitish to pale yellow. Pectoral fins mostly hyaline. Coloration in preservative (Figs. 2 and 3). Base body coloration pale yellow to pale yellowish-olive. Body darker and brownish dorsal of midlateral stripe. Prominent, black midlateral stripe continuous, extends anteriorly from lower lip, through lacrimal, and continues unbroken to caudal-fin origin. Midlateral stripe most pronounced caudally on flanks, and melanophores most concentrated along margins of scales. Interorbital region darkly pigmented, with caudally directed dark triangular patch. Scattered iridescent spangling on flanks of adult males lost in preservation. Cheek, chest, belly, and mid to ventral flanks pale yellow. Narrow black stripe on body along anal-fin base and to lesser degree along second dorsal-fin base. Thin vertical black bar at caudal flexure. Triangular black patch present on caudal fin proximal to base. Caudal fin white centrally and distally in some males (to varying degree). First dorsal, pectoral, and pelvic fins hyaline. Second dorsal fin and anal fin of males hyaline with wide solid white marginal stripes, characteristic of species. In females, second dorsal fin and anal fin hyaline, with black pigment terminally on posterior portions of both fins. Sexual dimorphism. Relative to other members of the genus, Bedotia albomarginata exhibits a moderate degree of sexual dimorphism and the sexes can easily be identified externally. Sexually mature females are somewhat smaller than mature males (largest female examined 77.5 mm SL), and several large males in excess of 80.0 mm SL were collected (largest male examined 88.2 mm SL). The caudal margins of the second dorsal fin and anal fin are markedly pointed and produced in males (Figs. 2 and 4). In the largest males examined, those over 80 mm SL, the caudal margins of the adducted second dorsal fin and anal fin extend beyond origin of the caudal fin, whereas in juvenile males and specimens less than ca. 80 mm SL, the margins generally terminate anterior of caudal-fin origin. The caudal margins of the second dorsal fin and anal fin in females are not produced or pointed, but instead rounded, and terminate well anterior of caudal-fin origin, regardless of standard length (Fig. 3). The caudal fin of males (even some smaller males of ca. 50-60 mm SL) is lanceolate and dark red in coloration (Figs. 3 and 4A, B), and weakly emarginate and mostly hyaline in females (although some red pigment may be present centrally near base of fin). In general, the unpaired fins of females are less colorful than in males. Habitat and distribution. Known only from small forested to moderately degraded tributaries in the upper to middle reaches of the Mananara and Rienana rivers, eastward flowing drainages in the southeastern highlands of Madagascar (Fig. 5). Most of the tributaries where the new species was collected are heavily forested, although near the village of Karianga specimens were collected from a small stream flowing through a deforested area. In general, the region is characterized by rolling forested hills, and the rivers and streams have slow to moderate currents. Smaller streams in the area are quite shallow and likely subject to periodic drying or very reduced flow. Bedotia albomarginata was most abundant in very shallow, clear water within Pandanus forests near the village of Vevembe. Although specimens have to date been collected only from tributaries of the Mananara and Rienana rivers, presumably within the region their range includes similar highland habitats between these two drainages, which have not yet been sampled. Bedotia albomarginata is restricted to inland, generally forested, highland habitats (Fig. 5); it has not been collected from the presently completely deforested lower reaches of either the Mananara or Rienana drainages. Conservation status. The remaining Vondrozo-Vevembe forests comprise a very narrow north-south band only a few kilometers wide along the eastern escarpment of the island, and represent the last connection between southeastern and eastern rainforests. Given their importance for maintaining a forested corridor from north to south, these highland forests have been targeted for protection (Randrianandianina et al. 2003). Bedotia albomarginata is relatively abundant in smaller tributaries of the upper Mananara drainage basin, less so in tributaries of the Rienana River. However, the new species does not occur in the lower, coastal, reaches of either the Mananara or Rienana rivers (or their lowland/coastal tributaries). Considering its limited distribution, the current status of the new species could change quickly and dramatically if deforestation within the region is not curtailed. Local names. The new species is known locally as zono (pronounced zoo new). This Malagasy word translates as ���small fish��� and is also used in reference to many other bedotiid species throughout much of the island. Etymology. The specific name is derived from the Latin albo (white) and marginatus (-a, -um) (edged or bordered), in reference to the characteristic white marginal stripes present on the second dorsal fin and anal fin. The epithet, albomarginata, is used here as a compound adjective. Comparisons and remarks. Bedotia albomarginata is an elongate species of Bedotia, and is most similar in body shape and general pigmentation pattern to other members of the genus that possess a broad, continuous midlateral stripe (viz., B. madagascariensis, B. geayi, B. longianalis, and B. tricolor), all of which are restricted to eastcoast drainages south of the Masoala Peninsula. In the phylogenetic study of Sparks and Smith (2004a), B. albomarginata was recovered as the sister taxon to an undescribed species, B. sp. ���manombo���, within a clade (clade A) that also includes the nominal species B. madagascariensis, B. geayi, and B. tricolor, as well as two additional undescribed species (Fig. 1). Bedotia sp. ���manombo��� is known only from lowland, forested coastal streams flowing through the Manombo Special Reserve, a small preserve of only 5,320 ha (Randrianandianina et al. 2003), which is located between Farafangana and Vangaindrano along the southeastern coast and which contains one of the last remaining tracts of lowland coastal forest in southeastern Madagascar. Bedotia albomarginata is easily distinguished from this presumably novel species by the apomorphic features listed in the diagnosis. Bedotia sp. ���manombo���, however, is problematic to distinguish from other members of clade A based on the limited and generally poorly preserved material available for comparison. Additional material must be obtained, including a description of live coloration, before B. sp. ���manombo��� can adequately be diagnosed on the basis of apomorphic anatomical features. Bedotia albomarginata is unique among the nominal and undescribed members of clade A, and all other congeners, in the possession of white terminal margins on the second dorsal fin and the anal fin in males (Fig. 2). The white margin on the anal fin is sometimes faded in preservation. In life, the presence of a blotchy bright yellow, yellowish-orange, or orangish-red anal fin in both sexes is also diagnostic (Fig. 4). The anal fin of B. albomarginata is characterized by the lack of a prominent dark submarginal or marginal stripe. Congeners are characterized in life and preservative by hyaline or black, never white, terminal margins of the second dorsal fin and anal fin. Bedotia albomarginata may also be distinguished from all congeners, except B. marojejy and two undescribed species from the Sambava and Mahanara rivers in northern Madagascar, by the presence of a lanceolate caudal fin in males (as opposed to emarginate or rounded caudal). By comparison, the caudal fin is at most weakly lanceolate in this trio of northern species, regardless of size. Bedotia albomarginata is further distinguished from them by the presence of a solid midlateral stripe, rather than a pattern of sparse and irregular lateral blotches or speckles, and by a greater number of scales in longitudinal series (37-38 vs. 32-34). Bedotia masoala and B. albomarginata are the only members of the genus with a longitudinal scale count that frequently exceeds 37 (vs. 32-37 for the more southern species collectively, B. madagascariensis, B. geayi, B. longianalis, and B. tricolor, and 32-34 for B. marojejy). In a recent multi-authored volume on the natural history of Madagascar, the new species was mistakenly listed in the included ichthyofaunal lists as ��� Bedotia vondrozo ��� (Loiselle & Stiassny 2003: table 9.2; Sparks & Stiassny 2003: table 9.1), instead of the provisional Bedotia nov. sp. ���vondrozo��� as intended. This was most likely the result of the printer re-keying tables (authors did not have a chance to review proofs), as this taxon was the first undescribed species listed (of several) in the tables following a list of the nominal species of Bedotia. No description or distinguishing features were listed to differentiate the taxon, nor was there an accompanying bibliographic reference to such a published statement. We conclude herein that Bedotia vondrozo is a nomen nudem that fails to conform to article 13 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (1999), and is therefore not an available name., Published as part of John S. Sparks & Leila M. R. Rush, 2005, A new rainbowfish (Teleostei: Melanotaenioidei: Bedotiidae) from the southeastern highlands of Madagascar, with comments on the biogeography of Bedotia., pp. 39-54 in Zootaxa 1051 on pages 42-50

Bedotia masoala: UMMZ 236581, holotype; UMMZ 236578, paratypes (C&S); UMMZ 236579, paratypes; UMMZ 236580, paratypes; UMMZ 236582, paratypes; UMMZ 236583, paratypes; UMMZ 236584, paratypes; UMMZ 236585, paratype; AMNH 229523, paratypes; AMNH 229524, paratypes; AMNH 229528, paratypes; FMNH 108361, paratypes., Published as part of John S. Sparks & Leila M. R. Rush, 2005, A new rainbowfish (Teleostei: Melanotaenioidei: Bedotiidae) from the southeastern highlands of Madagascar, with comments on the biogeography of Bedotia., pp. 39-54 in Zootaxa 1051 on page 52

Rheocles lateralis: AMNH 59311, holotype; AMNH 59312, paratypes (C&S); UMMZ 237208, paratypes., Published as part of John S. Sparks & Leila M. R. Rush, 2005, A new rainbowfish (Teleostei: Melanotaenioidei: Bedotiidae) from the southeastern highlands of Madagascar, with comments on the biogeography of Bedotia., pp. 39-54 in Zootaxa 1051 on page 52

Bedotia marojejy: AMNH 224647, holotype; AMNH 224648, paratypes; AMNH 224648SW, paratype (C&S); AMNH 231255; AMNH 231362., Published as part of John S. Sparks & Leila M. R. Rush, 2005, A new rainbowfish (Teleostei: Melanotaenioidei: Bedotiidae) from the southeastern highlands of Madagascar, with comments on the biogeography of Bedotia., pp. 39-54 in Zootaxa 1051 on page 52

Bedotia sp. ���makira���: AMNH uncat. (C&S)., Published as part of John S. Sparks & Leila M. R. Rush, 2005, A new rainbowfish (Teleostei: Melanotaenioidei: Bedotiidae) from the southeastern highlands of Madagascar, with comments on the biogeography of Bedotia., pp. 39-54 in Zootaxa 1051 on page 52

Bedotia sp. ���ranomafana���: AMNH 88011 (C&S); AMNH 229531 (C&S); UMMZ 217680 (C&S); UMMZ 236574 (C&S); UMMZ uncat., Published as part of John S. Sparks & Leila M. R. Rush, 2005, A new rainbowfish (Teleostei: Melanotaenioidei: Bedotiidae) from the southeastern highlands of Madagascar, with comments on the biogeography of Bedotia., pp. 39-54 in Zootaxa 1051 on page 52

Bedotia sp. ���betampona���: AMNH uncat., Published as part of John S. Sparks & Leila M. R. Rush, 2005, A new rainbowfish (Teleostei: Melanotaenioidei: Bedotiidae) from the southeastern highlands of Madagascar, with comments on the biogeography of Bedotia., pp. 39-54 in Zootaxa 1051 on page 52

Bedotia tricolor: MNHN 1932-162, syntypes., Published as part of John S. Sparks & Leila M. R. Rush, 2005, A new rainbowfish (Teleostei: Melanotaenioidei: Bedotiidae) from the southeastern highlands of Madagascar, with comments on the biogeography of Bedotia., pp. 39-54 in Zootaxa 1051 on page 52

Rheocles pellegrini: AMNH 9696, holotype; AMNH 11699, paratype (C&S); MNHN 1932-24, paratype., Published as part of John S. Sparks & Leila M. R. Rush, 2005, A new rainbowfish (Teleostei: Melanotaenioidei: Bedotiidae) from the southeastern highlands of Madagascar, with comments on the biogeography of Bedotia., pp. 39-54 in Zootaxa 1051 on page 52

Bedotia sp. ���mananjary���: UMMZ 236577 (C&S)., Published as part of John S. Sparks & Leila M. R. Rush, 2005, A new rainbowfish (Teleostei: Melanotaenioidei: Bedotiidae) from the southeastern highlands of Madagascar, with comments on the biogeography of Bedotia., pp. 39-54 in Zootaxa 1051 on page 52

Bedotia longianalis: MNHN 1914-6, holotype; AMNH 28134; AMNH 228059; AMNH 229537 (C&S); AMNH 229590; AMNH 229591; UMMZ uncat. (C&S)., Published as part of John S. Sparks & Leila M. R. Rush, 2005, A new rainbowfish (Teleostei: Melanotaenioidei: Bedotiidae) from the southeastern highlands of Madagascar, with comments on the biogeography of Bedotia., pp. 39-54 in Zootaxa 1051 on page 52

Bedotia geayi: MNHN 1907-35 to 37, syntypes; AMNH 11701; AMNH 12163; AMNH 28128; AMNH 229532 (C&S); UMMZ 217630; UMMZ 218508 (C&S); UMMZ 223575; UMMZ uncat. (C&S)., Published as part of John S. Sparks & Leila M. R. Rush, 2005, A new rainbowfish (Teleostei: Melanotaenioidei: Bedotiidae) from the southeastern highlands of Madagascar, with comments on the biogeography of Bedotia., pp. 39-54 in Zootaxa 1051 on page 52

Rheocles sikorae: MNHN 1891-727, holotype; MNHN 1989-1614, paratypes; AMNH 28127 (C&S)., Published as part of John S. Sparks & Leila M. R. Rush, 2005, A new rainbowfish (Teleostei: Melanotaenioidei: Bedotiidae) from the southeastern highlands of Madagascar, with comments on the biogeography of Bedotia., pp. 39-54 in Zootaxa 1051 on page 52

"Rheocles" vatosoa: AMNH 231979, holotype; AMNH 215502, paratypes (C&S); AMNH 231366, paratypes (C&S); AMNH 231367, paratypes; UMMZ 238789, paratypes., Published as part of John S. Sparks & Leila M. R. Rush, 2005, A new rainbowfish (Teleostei: Melanotaenioidei: Bedotiidae) from the southeastern highlands of Madagascar, with comments on the biogeography of Bedotia., pp. 39-54 in Zootaxa 1051 on page 52

Uma comparação osteológica é apresentada e discutida entre sete espécies de peixes-rei que ocorrem no complexo lagunar Patos-Mirim, no extremo sul do Brasil. Cinco espécies habitam ambientes de água doce: Odontesthes bonariensis (Valenciennes, 1835), O. humensis De Buen, 1953, O. retropinnis (De Buen, 1953), O. perugiae Evermann & Kendall, 1906, O. mirinensis Bemvenuti, 1995. Outras duas, O. incisa (Jenyns, 1842) e O. argentinensis (Valenciennes, 1835), ocorrem no estuário e na região costeira adjacente. An osteological comparison of seven species of silversides that occur from the Patos-Mirim lagoons systems is presented and discussed. Five species inhabit freshwater environments, Odontesthes bonariensis (Valenciennes, 1835), O. humensis De Buen, 1953, O. retropinnis (De Buen, 1953), O. perugiae Evermann & Kendall, 1906, and O. mirinensis Bemvenuti, 1995. The other species, O. incisa (Jenyns, 1842) and O. argentinensis (Valenciennes, 1835), inhabit in coastal and brackish waters.

Uma comparação osteológica é apresentada e discutida entre sete espécies de peixes-rei que ocorrem no complexo lagunar Patos-Mirim, no extremo sul do Brasil. Cinco espécies habitam ambientes de água doce: Odontesthes bonariensis (Valenciennes, 1835), O. humensis De Buen, 1953, O. retropinnis (De Buen, 1953), O. perugiae Evermann & Kendall, 1906, O. mirinensis Bemvenuti, 1995. Outras duas, O. incisa (Jenyns, 1842) e O. argentinensis (Valenciennes, 1835), ocorrem no estuário e na região costeira adjacente.

A checklist of the Mediterranean marine ichthyofauna of Israel is presented. A total of 402 species belonging to 130 families, 33 orders and 3 classes are listed. The checklist includes all synonyms for each species and citations of all known publications, listed in chronological order, concerning occurrence in Israeli waters of each species. Citations are coded to indicate the focus of each publication.

In order to comparatively analyze curtain-like septa in the eyes of visually orientated “close-to-surface-predators” among atherinomorph teleosts, we examined the eyes of 24 atherinomorph species under a binocular microscope with regard to the falciform process and related structures in the vitreous cavity. Additionally, falciform process samples were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy. All the studied representatives of the Cyprinodontiformes and Atheriniformes, and of one of the beloniform suborder, Adrianichthyioidei, possess a “typical” processus falciformis. In the eyes of the representatives of the other beloniform suborder, Belonoidei, however, pigmented structures that originate in the region of the optic disc and protrude into the vitreous cavity were noted. In the Hemiramphidae (halfbeaks) and Exocoetidae (flying fishes) these pigmented structures have a more cone-like shape, whereas in the Belonidae (needlefishes) and Scomberesocidae (sauries) horizontally oriented heavily pigmented curtain-like septa occur that divide the vitreous cavity dorsoventrally. It is suggested that the “typical” processus falciformis represents a plesiomorphic feature within the Atherinomorpha, whereas the pigmented modifications of the falciform process must be seen as a synapomorphic character state of the Belonoidei. The curtain-like septum of the Belonidae and Scomberesocidae might have evolved from the cone-like structures that are found in the Exocoetoidea. The functional significance of the pigmented structures in the eye is as yet not clear, except for the curtain-like septum found in Belonidae. It might play a role in visual orientation near the water surface at Snell's window. J. Morphol. 260:13–20, 2004. © 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequence data for 105 acanthomorph taxa are analyzed to address questions of scorpaeniform monophyly and relationships. The combination of 3425 aligned base pairs from the mitochondrial small subunit rDNA (12S), large subunit rDNA (16S), and tRNA-Val and the nuclear large subunit rDNA (28S), histone H3, and TMO-4c4 loci are analyzed. Representatives of all scorpaeniform suborders and 32 of 36 scorpaeniform families are included with most suborders represented by multiple species. In addition to 69 scorpaeniform taxa, 36 outgroup taxa, including representatives of most families previously conjectured to be related to the Scorpaeniformes, are analyzed due to serious concerns of scorpaeniform monophyly. The traditionally recognized scorpaeniform fishes are recovered as polyphyletic. The 13 representatives of the Atheriniformes, Blennioidei, Gasterosteoidei, Grammatidae, Notothenioidei, Percidae, Trichodontidae, and Zoarcoidei included in the analysis are all nested within the least inclusive clade that includes all traditionally recognized scorpaeniforms. The scorpaenoid lineage is widely polyphyletic, and its intrarelationships differed significantly from previous hypotheses. The cottoid lineage is paraphyletic with only the presence of the Trichodontidae, as the sister-taxon of the Cottoidei, disrupting the traditional subordinal hypothesis of relationships.

The outer retinae of adults of 13 atherinomorph species, representing nine different families, were examined by both light and electron microscopy. The retinae were investigated with respect to photoreceptor types, cone densities, and cone patterns. All data were composed to eye maps. This procedure allows an interspecific comparison of the regional differences within the outer retina among these shallow-water fish. Furthermore, for a more detailed pattern analysis nitro-blue tetrazolium chloride- (NBT)-stainings in the retina of Melanotaenia maccullochi are presented. Apart from rods, eight morphologically different cone types could be identified: short, intermediate, and long single cones, double cones (equal and unequal), triple cones (triangular and linear), and in Ameca splendens one quadruple cone. Dimensions and occurrence of photoreceptors vary among the respective species and within the retinal regions. In the light-adapted state, the cones are arranged in highly ordered mosaics. Five different cone tessellation types were found: row patterns, twisted row patterns, square patterns, pentagonal patterns, and, exclusively in Belone belone, a hexagonal pattern. In Melanotaenia maccullochi the different spectral photoreceptor classes correspond well with the distribution of morphological photoreceptor classes within the mosaic. Double cone density maxima together with a highly ordered cone arrangement usually occur in the nasal and/or ventral to ventrotemporal retina. In most of the species that were examined these high-density regions are presumed to process visual stimuli from the assumed main directions of vision, which mainly depend on feeding behavior and predator pressure. Our findings are discussed with respect to the variable behavioral and visual ecology and phylogeny of the respective species. J. Morphol. 257:270–288, 2003. © 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

OCA-P 20121108-3 (4), 20121108-17 (17), (21; 26–49 mm), off Minna-jima I., Sesoko, Motobu, Okinawa, Japan. FRLM 42831 (1; 30 mm), Yoron I., Kagoshima, Japan.’’ 2. ‘‘north to Okinawa,’’ in the 4th line of ‘‘Distribution and ecological note.’’ should read ‘‘north to Yoron I., Kagoshima,’’. 3. ‘‘Allanetta afra’’ should read ‘‘Allanetta afra (not of Peters)’’ in the sentence ‘‘Allanetta afra: Smith 1965: 621 (in part; Red Sea); ...... Dor 1994: 17 (Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, Red Sea).’’ (B) In the 18th page, the heading ‘‘Hypoatherina klunzingeri Smith 1965’’ should read ‘‘Hypoatherina klunzinger (Smith 1965)’’. (C) In the 22nd page, the sentence ‘‘Hypoatherina panatela (not of Jordan and Richardson): Schultz 1948: 23 (list only).’’ should be removed.

Salsuginus neotropicalis n. sp. is described from the gills of Belonesox belizanus (Kner), the pike killifish (Poeciliidae), from the southeastern Mexico. S. neotropicalis is distinguished from all other congeners by the morphology of the haptoral sclerites, especially by the presence of a ventral bar with notably enlarged ends, and by possessing overlapping gonads. The diagnosis of Salsuginus is amended based on the position of gonads in this species. This is the first known Salsuginus species occurring in a freshwater fish from the Neotropical Region.

Submitted by Alberto Vieira (martins_vieira@ibest.com.br) on 2018-01-23T23:47:55Z No. of bitstreams: 1 492637.pdf: 13524675 bytes, checksum: 054601a6a15879aa61f66ee0a971b7a0 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-23T23:47:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 492637.pdf: 13524675 bytes, checksum: 054601a6a15879aa61f66ee0a971b7a0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2001-02-13 São descritos os comportamentos reprodutivos de dezenove espécies de Cynolebiatini. As informações obtidas, somadas a informações da literatura e de comunicações pessoais, geraram alguns padrões etológicos que foram otimizados a partir de robustas árvores filogenéticas baseadas principalmente em caracteres morfológicos, a fim de se obter a hipótese mais parcimoniosa da evolução destes padrões ao nível de espécie entre gêneros. Inicialmente o comportamento reprodutivo foi dividido em cinco fases distintas: 1) ''Displays" de corte, 2). Convite para submergir, 3) Submersão (cavar o substrato), 4) Desova/fertilização, 5) Emersão (volta do substrato), dentro dos quais alguns padrões foram estabelecidos e otimizados em flogenias pré-existentes. As nadadeiras ímpares fechadas exibidas pelos machos de S. simils + S. stellatus + Simpsonichthys sp. 2 durante a corte é sinapomorfico para este grupo dentro de Simpsonichthys, mas analisando esta condição para Cynolebiatini esta se tora uma homoplasia pois também ocorre em Nematolebias myersi. Outras sinapomoras para Simpsonichths são: a ausência de convite para S. similis + S. stelatus + Simpsonichthys sp. 2 e a ausência de tremores durante o convite para S notatus + S. trilneatus. A presença de movimentos da cabeça, a exibição de movimentos ondulantes laterais lentos (ou até a ausência destes), a seleção de uma fmea dominante pelo casal e a fêmea esfregando o macho são considerados sinapomórcos para Cynolebias. Uma sinapomorfa de Nematolebias é a ausência de brigas entre as fêmeas. Algumas autapomorfias e apomorfias indefinidas também foram observadas. The reproductive behaviors of nineteen species of the Cynolebiatini are described in this study. The obtained data added to the literature data plus personal communications provided some ethological patterns. These patterns were optimized through strong phylogenetic trees based principally on morphological characters, in order to obtain the most parsimonious hypothesis of the evolution of these patterns at the species level and among genera. Initially, the reproductive behavior was divided into five distinct stages: 1) Courtship displays, 2) Invitation, 3) Submerging (to dig the substrate), 4) Spawning/fertilization, 5) Emerging ( comes back from the substrate ), where some patterns were established and optimized into preexistent phylogenies. The closed unpaired fns of the males during the courtship showed by S. similis + S. stellatus + Simpsonichthys sp. 2 is synapomorphic fr this group into the genus Simpsonichthys, but analyzing this condition fr Cynolebiatini it becomes homoplasic because also occurs in Nematolebias myersi. Other synapomorphies fr Simpsonichthys are: the absence of invitation fr S. similis + S. stellatus + Simpsonichthys sp. 2 and the absence of trembling during the invitation fr S. notatus + S. trilineatus. The presence of head- shakings, the exbition of slow lateral waving movements (or even the absence of it), the selection of a dominant fmale by the couple and the fmale scrubbing the male are considered synapomorphic fr C ynolebias. A synapomorphy of Nmatolebias is the absence of fight among the fmales. Some autapomorphies and undefned apomorphies were also observed.

Submitted by Alberto Vieira (martins_vieira@ibest.com.br) on 2018-01-18T20:53:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 552022.pdf: 7257985 bytes, checksum: 53b8f0b2081d715275fe47f27ca2f03a (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-18T20:53:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 552022.pdf: 7257985 bytes, checksum: 53b8f0b2081d715275fe47f27ca2f03a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2001 CAPES Uma hipótese filogenética baseada em 173 caracteres é proposta para peixes poecilioideos. A análise incluiu caracteres de osteologia e morfologia externa, resultando em uma única árvore mais parcimoniosa com 607 passos, índice de consistência 36 e índice de retenção 72. Foi obtida a seguinte topologia: (Jenynsia multidentata ((Aplocheilichthys spilauchen (Procatopus nototaenia (Lamprichthys tanganicus (Micropanchax lamberti (Micropanchax johnstoni (Congopanchax myersi (Hylopanchax stictopleuron + Fluviphylax simplex))))))) (Tomeurus gracilis (Gambusia nicaraguensis (ALfaro huberi (Priapella compressa (Brachyrhaphys cascajalensis (Heterandria bimaculata + Priapichthys annectens))))) (Neoheterandria tridentiger ((Girardinus serripenis + Xenodexia ctenolepis) (Phallichthys fairweatheri (Xiphophorus helleri (Poecilia heterandria ((Limia pauciradiata (Poecilia vivipara (Poecilia sphenops + Poecilia velifera))) ((Micropoecilia parae + Lebistes reticulatus) (Pamphorichthys hollandi (Poeciliopsis prolifica (Phallotorynus jucundus (Cnesterodon carnegiei (Phalloceros caudimaculatus (Phalloptychus januarius))))))))))))))))). É proposta uma nova classificação, na qual Poeciliidae e Procatopodidae assumem status de família, formando um clado corroborado por 17 caracteres morfológicos apomórficos. Relacionamentos de grupo irmão entre Tomeurus e os poeciliideos remanescentes, suportados em revisões clássicas, ficam aqui confirmados. Poeciliinae é restrito a duas tribos, Gambusiini and Poeciliini, com modificações na composição e na posição filogenética dos membros incluídos. A phylogenetic hypothesis based on 173 characters of 34 taxa is proposed for poecilioid fishes. The analysis included characters of osteology and external morphology and resulted in a single most parsimonious tree with with 607 steps, consistency index 36 and retention index 72. The following topology was obtained: (Jenynsia multidentata ((Aplocheilichthys spilauchen (Procatopus nototaenia (Lamprichthys tanganicus (Micropanchax lamberti (Micropanchax johnstoni (Congopanchax myersi (Hylopanchax stictopleuron + Fluviphylax simplex))))))) (Tomeurus gracilis (Gambusia nicaraguensis (Alfaro huberi (Priapella compressa (Brachyrhaphys cascajalensis (Heterandria bimaculata + Priapichthys annectens))))) (Neoheterandria tridentiger ((Girardinus serripenis + Xenodexia ctenolepis) (Phallichthys fairweatheri (Xiphophorus helleri (Poecilia heterandria ((Limia pauciradiata (Poecilia vivipara (Poecilia sphenops + Poecilia velifera))) ((Micropoecilia parae + Lebistes reticulatus) (Pamphorichthys hollandi (Poeciliopsis prolifica (Phallotorynus jucundus (Cnesterodon carnegiei (Phalloceros caudimaculatus (Phalloptychus januarius))))))))))))))))). A new classification is proposed, in which Poeciliidae and Procatopodidae assume family status, forming a clade corroborated by 17 apomorphyc morphological characters. Sistergroup relationships between Tomeurus and the remaining poeciliids, as supported in previous classical revisionary studies, is herein confirmed. Poeciliinae is restricted to two tribes, Gambusiini and Poeciliini, with modifications in composition and phylogenetic position of included members.

Submitted by Alberto Vieira (martins_vieira@ibest.com.br) on 2018-01-18T20:49:52Z No. of bitstreams: 1 569962.pdf: 13351558 bytes, checksum: 5aa622184407df6c703e410546a7be61 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-18T20:49:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 569962.pdf: 13351558 bytes, checksum: 5aa622184407df6c703e410546a7be61 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2001 A hipótese de monofiletismo da família Aplocheilidae assim como as suas inter-relações são reexaminadas. A análise é baseada em morfologia, principalmente osteologia, de 25 espécies. São incluídos 130 caracteres, sendo 34 novos, 30 citações pessoais de Costa e as restantes citações anteriores de Costa (1998 a e b) e Parenti (1981). A árvore de consenso estrito, obtida de 13 cladogramas igualmente parcimoniosos (comprimento 294, índice de consistência 0.60, índice de retenção 0.79) apresenta a seguinte topologia: (Rivulus caudomarginatus ((Epiplatys sangmelinensis ((Epiplatys bifasciatus; Epiplatys fasciolatus) (Epiplatys chaperi; Epiplatys mesogramma))(Nothobranchius guentheri ((Aphyosemion aureum)(Aphyosemion bivittatum) (Aphyosemion herzogi) (Aphyosemion cameroensis) (Aphyosemion petersi; Aphyosemion guignardi)(Fundulopanchax splendidum; Fundulopanchax gulare))(Pachypanchax playfairi (Aplocheilus panchax (Aplocheilus blocki (Aplocheilus lineatus (Aplocheilus dayi; Aplocheilus werneri))))). A hipótese filogenética gerada pela presente análise corrobora o monofiletismo da família Aplocheilidae, diferindo da hipótese originalmente proposta por Parenti (1981) somente no que concerne a relação entre os gêneros: o gênero Epiplatys é grupo irmão do clado composto pelos gêneros Aphyosemion, Fundulopanchax e Nothobranchius, em vez de ser grupo irmão dos gêneros Aplocheilus e Pachypanchax. Este aspecto concorda com a hipótese baseada em biologia molecular de Murphy and Collier (1997). São comparadas as hipóteses filogenéticas desta análise com as de Parenti (1981) e Murphy and Collier (1997). The hypothesis of monophyly and inter relationships of the family Aplocheilidae are reexamined. The analysis is based on morphology, primarily osteology, of 25 species. It includes 130 characters, of which 34 are new; 30 are personal communications by Costa and the remaining are from Parenti's (1981) and Costa's (1998 a and b) phylogenetic studies. The strict consensus tree obtained from the 13 equally most parsimonious cladograms (consistency índex 0.60, retention índex 0.79, length, 294) has the following topology: (Rivulus caudomarginatus ((Epiplatys sangmelinensis ((Epiplatys bifasciatus; Epiplatys fasciolatus)(Epiplatys chaperi; Epiplatys mesogramma))(Nothobranchius guentheri ((Aphyosemion aureum) (Aphyosemion bivittatum) (Aphyosemion herzogi) (Aphyosemion cameroensis) (Aphyosemion petersi; Aphyosemion guignardi)(Fundulopanchax splendidum; Fundulopanchax gulare)) (Pachypanchax playfairi (Aplocheilus panchax (Aplocheilus blocki (Aplocheilus lineatus(Aplocheilus dayi Aplocheilus werneri))))). Monophyly of Aplocheilidae is supported. The present phylogenetic hypothesis differs from that of Parenti's (1981) in the proposed sister group relationship between Epiplatys and the clade comprising the genera Aphyosemion, Fundulopanchax and Nothobranchius instead of Epiplatys being n the sister group relationship to the genera Aplocheilus and Pachypanchax. In this aspect it agrees with the Murphy and Collier's (1997) hypothesis. Comparison between the present hypothesis, that one from Parenti's (1981) analysis and the other one from Murphy and Collier's (1997) analysis are made.

Common names: Alchichica silverside (English), charal de Alchichica (Spanish). Conservation status: Endangered, NOM-059-ECOL-2001 (SEMARNAT 2002); and critically endangered (CR) (A1ac+2c, B1+2c, C2b) (IUCN 2008). Identification: D 4–5; A 13–15; P 14–15. Gill rakers on the first gill arch, 13–16. Scales 45–56 in a longitudinal series, commonly >50 (De Buen 1945). Size 50–60 mm (SL), maximum 11.5 mm (SL). Abundance: Alcocer et al. (2009) and Arce Uribe (2006) estimated the population abundance between 16, 000 and 21, 000 organisms >1 cm in length. Distribution: Endemic to Lake Alchichica, Puebla, Mexico (19° 24′ N, 97° 24′ W, 2345 m asl) (Alcocer et al. 2009). Habitat and ecology: Lentic, saline (8.5±0.2 g·L) and alkaline (pH=9.0±0.1) water. Inhabits temperate (15.9±1.5°C), well oxygenated (>4 mg·L), clear (euphotic zone 13– 38 m), and oligotrophic water (Adame et al. 2008). Reproduction: Iteroparous, from February to April, and July to September, with a spawning peak in March. The fish spawns entangling eggs with numerous chorionic filaments that adhere to the submersed macrophytes and on the tufa deposits. Feeding: Feeds mainly on benthic macroinvertebrates (chironomid larvae and amphipods). Preys vary according to the seasonal patterns of stratification of Lake Alchichica (Flores Negrete 1998). Threats: The very limited distribution puts the population at risk for rapid or Environ Biol Fish (2009) 85:317–318 DOI 10.1007/s10641-009-9505-4

Menidia riojai is endemic of the Lerma River headwaters considered critically endangered because its populations have been severely fragmented.

Submitted by Alberto Vieira (martins_vieira@ibest.com.br) on 2018-05-24T20:10:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 273226.pdf: 9173980 bytes, checksum: 8c39758710b97486d106fac65e09c51e (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-24T20:10:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 273226.pdf: 9173980 bytes, checksum: 8c39758710b97486d106fac65e09c51e (MD5) Previous issue date: 1998-12-16 CAPES O monofiletismo do gênero Micropoecilia é sustentado por treze características sinapomórficas: ausência de projeção lateral no dentário; vômer alongado longitudinalmente; porção posterior do arco branquial dorsal não alongada; dentição do segundo faringobranquial reduzida; presença de processo na borda anterior do primeiro hipobranquial; processo latero-posterior do quinto ceratobranquial alongado; supracleitro reduzido; ossos do esqueleto caudal estreitos; primeira gonapófise levemente curvada ventralmente; ausência de elemento em forma de garra no raio cinco; nadadeira caudal de machos lanceolada; machos com mais raios na nadadeira dorsal que fêmeas e presença de mancha pós-umeral. São reconhecidas sete espécies: Micropoecilia parae (EINGEMANN), M. branneri (EIGENMANN), M. picta (REGAN), M. bifurca (EIGENMANN), M. minima (COSTA & SARRAF), M. sp. l e M. sp. 2. Micropoecilia picta é hipotetizada ser mais relacionada a M. parae por ambas possuírem processo ventral do pós-temporal diretamente ligado ao neurocrânio, ponta da nadadeira pélvica espessada e mancha preta arredondada na porção ventro-lateral do corpo acima do gonopódio. Micropoecilia bifurca, M. minima, M. branneri, M. sp I e M. sp 2. são consideradas um clado por compartilharem várias sinapomorfias: dentes da série externa do dentário e pré-maxila direcionados anteriormente; dentição do segundo faringo-branquial muito reduzida; estreitamento abrupto do raio 3 do gonopódio; porção subdistal do raio 4p do gonopódio projetada dorsalmente; segmentos distais do raio 5a do gonopódio diminuindo de tamanho abruptamente e ponta posterior da nadadeira pélvica atingindo a base do palpo do gonopódio. A hipótese filogenética (parae + picta (bifurca +(minima + (branneri + sp 1 + sp 2) é feita através da análise de 48 caracteres morfológicos. Monophyly of the genus Micropoecilia is supported by 13 synapomorphic features: lateral projection of dentary absent; longitudinaly elongated vomer; non-elongated posterior portion of dorsal arch; reduced second pharyngobranchial dentition; process on the anterior border of first hypobranchial present; latero-posterior process of fifth ceratobranchial elongated; reduced supracleithrum; narrow bones of caudal skeleton; anterior portion of first gonapophisys gently curved ventrally; retrose claw at the tip of ray 5 absent; lanceolated caudal fin of males; males, with more dorsal-fin rays than females and post-umeral mark present. Seven species are recognized: Micropoecilia parae (EINGEMANN), M. branneri (EIGENMANN), M. picta (REGAN), M. bifurca (EIGENMANN), M. minima (COSTA & SARRAF), M. sp. 1 e M. sp. 2. Micropoecilia picta is hypothesized to be closely related to M. parae because both share 3 synapomorphies: between ventral process of posttemporal direct and firmly attached to neurocranium; thickened tip of the pelvic fin of males and round black blot on the ventrolateral portion of body of male above gonopodium present. Micropoecilia bifurca, M. minima, M. branneri, M. sp. 1 e M. sp. 2 are considered to be closely related because they share 6 synapomorphies: teeth of the outer series of dentary and premaxilla anteriorly directed; second pharyngobranchial dentition very reduced; posterior half abruptally narrowing to the tip of ray 3 of gonopodium; ray 4p of gonopodium approximately straight to slightly projected dorsally; ray 5a abruptally decreasing in size and the posterior tip of pelvic fin reaching the base of gonopodial palp. The phylogenetic hypothesis (parae + picta (bifurca +(minima +(branneri + sp 1 + sp 2)))) is advanced through the analysis of 48 morphological characters.

Three different genes known to be involved in the mammalian sex-determining pathway, SOX9, DMRT1 and SF1, were characterized in a remarkable temperature sex determining species, the pejerrey Odontesthes bonariensis.

Se describe y compara los diseños estructurales bucales en diferentes especies pertenecientes a dos grupos de géneros de Atherinopsinae, en relación a las características y potencialidades de variabilidad de sus mecanismos de protrusión premaxilar y mordida premaxilar. El grupo de especies de los géneros Cauque y Austromenidia posee un esquema estructural de huesos, músculos y ligamentos, que determina una gran magnitud de protrusión y una gran capacidad de mordida, en diferentes posiciones de mandíbula y grados de protrusión. Análisis electromiográficos de la actividad de los fascículos Al y A3 del músculo aductor mandibular y filmaciones durante distintos eventos de captura de presas, demuestran la existencia de gran plasticidad funcional del mecanismo de mordida, capacidad manifestada por diversos grados de sincronización y duración de la actividad entre ambos músculos. El esquema estructural de Basilichthys, en cambio, determina que estos mecanismos se presenten mucho más restringidos y con un patrón neuromuscular bastante estereotipado, con sólo una pequeña capacidad de variación en la duración de la actividad muscular The design of the buccal structures of species belonging to two genus-groups of Atherinopsinae are described and compared, related to the characteristics and variation potentiality of their mechanisms of premaxillary protrusion and bite. The species of the Cauque-Austromenidia group have a structural pattern of bones, muscles and ligaments, that determine a large amount of protrusion, and a great capacity of biting. Their premaxillary bite is realized at different jaw positions, as well as degrees of protrusion. Electromyographic analyses of the fascicles Al y A3 of the muscle adductor mandibulae, and film recording during different prey-capture events, show a great plasticity in the biting mechanism. This plasticity is revealed by the di verse degrees of activity syncronism and tirning between muscles. The structural design of Basilichthys species, determine limited mechanisms with a stereotyped neuromuscular attern, which presents only a small variation capacity in the activity timing, if compared to the Cauque-Austromenidia group

Submitted by Alberto Vieira (martins_vieira@ibest.com.br) on 2018-07-05T01:48:13Z No. of bitstreams: 1 278281.pdf: 27864732 bytes, checksum: 86f4d0be239a6f58a1bb888b8a6cf3b8 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-05T01:48:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 278281.pdf: 27864732 bytes, checksum: 86f4d0be239a6f58a1bb888b8a6cf3b8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1993 CAPES São estudados alguns aspectos ecológicos de uma taxocenose de três espécies de rivulídeos anuais, Cynolebias constanciae, C. whitei e Leptolebias cruzi, em três brejos temporários de Barra São João (RJ) .Cynolebias constanciae. e L. cruzi são conhecidas apenas destes brejos, enquanto C. whitei também pode ser encontrada em áreas próximas à Maricá e Cabo Frio (RJ). As coletas, em um total de 21, foram realizadas no periodo compreendido entre abril/91 e abril/92. Em duas coletas os brejos foram encontrados completamente secos. Foram coletados no total 1670 peixes, dos quais apenas 28.9,% eram peixes anuais. Os rivulídeos mais abundantes e frequentes durante o periodo de estudo foram L. cruzi e C. constanciae. Nas três espécies o número de fêmeas capturadas foi maior do que o número de machos, principalmente nos períodos de seca. Foi realizada a identificação do conteúdo gastrointestinal, e os itens analisados pelo método de frequência de ocorrência. Estes resultados indicaram uma grande variedade de itens alimentares (28). As três espécies de rivulídeos alimentaram-se de larvas de insetos (principalmente, Chironomidae e Coleoptera), de pequenos crustáceos (Copepoda, Ostracoda e Cladocera), Hydracarina e Rotifera. Os dados de alimentação são discutidos e comprados com os de outros rivulídeos. Some ecological aspects of a community of three annual rivulid fishes, Cynolebias constaciae, C. whitei and Leptolebias cruzi, are studied on three temporary pools of Barra de São João (RJ). Cynolebias constanciae and L. cruzi are know only from these pools, and C. whitei occurs in other pools near Maricá and Cabo Frio (RJ). Field works were made from April, 1991 to April, 1992, in a total of 21 samples. In two collects the pools were completely dry. A total of 1670 specimens of fishes were collected, from which, only 28.9% were annual fishes. The most frequent and abundant rivulid species were L. cruzi and C. contaciae. In all three rivulid species, females were more numerous than males, mainly in the dry seasons. Stomach and gut contents were examined, the individual food itens identified and analyzed according to frequency of occurrence method. The results indicate a large number of food categories (28). All species of rivulid fishes feed on insect larvae (mainly of Chironomidae and Coleoptera), small crustaceans (Copepoda, Ostracoda and Cladocera), Hydracarina and Rotifera. The results of feeding are discussed and compared with rivulid diets at other locations.

Genetic diversity in mtDNA was assessed within the unisexual (all female) hybridogenetic fish Poeciliopsis monacha-occidentalis and the two sexual species from which it arose. Results confirm that P. monacha was the maternal ancestor and that paternal leakage of P. occidentalis mtDNA has not occurred. Of particular interest is the high level of de novo mutational divergence within one hybridogenetic lineage that on the basis of independent zoogeographic considerations, protein electrophoretic data, and tissue grafting analysis is of monophyletic (single hybridization) origin. Using a conventional mtDNA clock calibration, we estimate that this unisexual clade might be >100,000 generations old. Contrary to conventional belief, this result shows that some unisexual vertebrate lineages can achieve a substantial evolutionary age.

Submitted by Alberto Vieira (martins_vieira@ibest.com.br) on 2018-08-13T22:28:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 278282.pdf: 12421508 bytes, checksum: 9dbf535ec11c1af3953877f6bc39cbea (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-13T22:28:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 278282.pdf: 12421508 bytes, checksum: 9dbf535ec11c1af3953877f6bc39cbea (MD5) Previous issue date: 1991-11-28 FINEP FUJB CAPES FAPERJ Aspectos da biologia de Phalloceros caudimaculatus (Henzel, 1868); Poecilia vivipara Bloch & Schneider, 1801; Phalloptychus Januarius (Henzel, 1868) e Jenynsia lineata (Jenyns, 1842) foram analisados através de coletas mensais em quatro estações ao longo do rio Ubatiba e uma na lagoa de Maricá, Maricá (RJ, 22°55'S e 22°49'W). A distribuição longitudinal das espécies mostrou que P. caudimaculatus ocorreu preferencialmente no trecho superior; P. vivipara ocorreu nos trechos médio e inferior; P. Januarius e J. lineata ocorreram apenas no trecho inferior. As espécies ocuparam poças marginais e a margem com vegetação nos trechos superior e médio. No trecho inferior o ambiente foi ocupado nas margens e no fundo. Foi discutida a influência de fatores abióticos (e.g. velocidade e transparência da água) e bióticos (competição e predação) na ocupação dos ambientes pelas quatro espécies. As espécies foram analisadas quanto ao ritmo circadiano e apresentaram atividade predominantemente diurna com dois picos, um matinal e outro vespertino ,sendo que p. caudimaculatus apresentou período de atividade mais prolongado. Analisados quanto a período reprodutivo, os guarus não apresentaram padrão sazonal. A dieta foi basicamente herbivore para as quatro espécies estudadas e em todas as estações, exceto uma em que ocorreu o item larva de Chironomidae. Foram encontradas diferenças intra e interespecíficas nas dietas de P. Januarius e J. lineata. Aspects of biology of Phalloceros caudimaculatus (Hensel, 1868); Poecilia vivipara Bloch & Schneider, 1801; Phalloptychus Januarius (Hensel, 1868 ) and Jenynsia lineata (Jenyns, 1842) were analysed through monthly captures at four sites along the Ubatiba River and one site in the Maricá Lagoon, the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (22° 55'S/42° 49'W). The collections in the Ubatiba river shown that P. caudimaculatus was preferably present in the upper section of the stream; P. vivipara occurred in the medium and lower sections; P. januarius and J. lineata occurred only in the lower sections. The species ocurred in adjacent puddles and the shore In the lower with vegetations in the upper and medium sections. one, the fishes occupied the shores and the bed of the river. The influence of abiotic (e.g , velocity and transparency of water) and biotic factors (competition and predation) in the environmental occupation by the four species is discussed. The alimentary circadian rythms was analysed for the four species and shown , essentially , daily activity with two a matinal and an evening peaks. P. caudimaculatus shown a peaks: longer period of activity than the others species studied. The reproduction did not show any seasonal pattern. The diet was basically herbivore for all four species and along the stream. However, in one of the collection sites the principal item was chironomid larvae related, probably, with the little availability of algae in the environment. Intra and interspecific differences in the diet were found between P. Januarius and J. lineata.

Age and growth of populations of three fish species from sixteen lakes and reservoirs situated in the Patagonian Andean and the Patagonian Plateau Region (Argentina) were studied. They included two native species, the Patagonian smallmouth perch. (Percichthys trucha) and the Patagonian silverside (Patagonina hatcheri) and the introduced rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). For the three species backcalculated lenght at age was obtained from scale readings. Von Bertalanffy growth curves were usually adjusted to data. For the three species, faster growth was related with lake productivity. (Document contains 38 pages.)