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El presente trabajo de investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar el parasitismo de Encarsia citrina (Signoret) sobre Hemiberlesia lataniae (Crawford) (Hemiptera: Diaspididae), en cultivo de “palto”, en la localidad de Huancaquito Alto, provincia de Virú, departamento de La Libertad, Perú. El muestreo se realizó entre marzo y julio del 2019, con un intervalo de una semana, para lo cual se escogieron 10 plantas del palto para la evaluación, y se tomó 20 frutos y 20 ramas. Se realizaron 12 evaluaciones in situ y se trasladaron las muestras biológicas en bolsas de papel al laboratorio de Entomología de la Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, para su respectiva determinación y recuperación de los parasitoides. Se encontró que el porcentaje de parasitismo promedio de E. citrina sobre H. lataniae en frutos de palto, fue de 26,27 y en ramas de palto fue de 41,36. Se construyeron tablas, figuras y se encontraron los estadísticos poblacionales.

Karya tulis sudah menjadi salah satu sarana bagi para generasi muda untuk menuangkan idenya, ide tersebut biasa di susun membentuk sebuah karangan berupa tulisan dari hari pemikiran, pengamatan, dan tinjauan dalam berbagai bidang. Karya tulis yang dibuat haruslah memiliki kualitas yang baik sehingga pembaca akan mudah untuk menerima makna dan tujuan dari penulisan karya tulis tersebut. Akan tetapi tidak semua karya tulis yang dibuat memiliki kualitas seperti yang diharapkan. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi rendahnya kualitas penulisan karya tulis yang baik adalah kesalahan dalam penggunanan kata non baku yang disengaja maupun yang tidak disengaja. Mengacu pada masalah tersebut, maka digunakan metode N-Gram untuk membantu proses penelitian yang akan dilakukan. Metode N-Gram ini digunakan untuk pembangkitan kata dan karakter yang tidak sesuai dengan penulisan kata baku dalam Bahasa Indonesia. Dengan cara ini, maka kata nonbaku yang menjadi inti pemasalahan tersebut akan mudah terdeteksi. Agar dapat mengimplementasikan tujuan dari penelitian maka metode ini dituangkan kedalam sebuah aplikasi pendeteksi kesalahan pengetikan kata nonbaku pada karya tulis berbahasa indonesia menggunakan metode N-Gram. Aplikasi ini dapat meminimalisasi kekurangan dalam penulisan karya tulis.

Contamination by toxic dyes such as congo red present in sewage from different industries causes severe damage to the environment. In this work an alternative for the removal of this type of dye was studied, using vegetal extracts of Sechium edule and Cucurbita pepo. Congo red model solutions were used at a concentration of 100 ppm and at pH 4. Electrical conductivity (C.E.), total dissolved solids (SDT), potential oxidation reduction, turbidity, and COD were monitored. A UV-Vis spectrophotometer was used to determine the removal percentage. The results show a removal of congo red of up to 80% by means of extracts from Sechium edule and 90% using Cucurbita pepo in concentrations of up to 100 ppm and in times of up to 15 minutes. The presence of total solids and pH favors the removal of congo red.

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar la vigencia del pensamiento humanista de José Martí, plasmadas en la Constitución Cubana, de 24 de febrero de 2019, siendo el humanismo para él, la expresión suprema de la igualdad, la justicia social, la idea superior del hombre como her - mano del hombre, las opiniones de emancipación social, la solidaridad y el antimperialismo por la trascendencia latinoamericana y universal, de su ejemplo, en la Ley de leyes se recoge un conjunto de disposiciones del Estado socialista, tal es la definición de la república como unita - ria e indivisible, y fundada en el trabajo, la dignidad, el humanismo y la ética de sus ciudadanos para el disfrute de la libertad, la equidad, la solidaridad, el bienestar y la prosperidad individual y colectiva, estos aspectos citados son recogidos en toda su profundidad, con el deber de su complimiento estricto y demás normas jurídicas, por la extraordinaria repercusión que tiene para la cultura en la formación y consolidación de los valores morales que debe regir la conducta revolucionaria en todo momento

Resumen: Objetivo: Valorar la influencia que la densidad de los puntos de venta y los de venta y consumo de alcohol ejercen sobre los patrones de consumo de los/las jóvenes preuniversitarios/as de Galicia. Métodos: Se ha llevado a cabo un análisis transversal de la cohorte de estudiantes de la Universidad de Santiago de Compostela (Cohorte Compostela 2016). Se calcularon las prevalencias de consumo para cada uno de los municipios de procedencia de los/las estudiantes de primer ciclo durante el año anterior al ingreso. Se valoró la asociación del consumo de riesgo de alcohol (CRA) y consumo intensivo de alcohol (CIA) con un modelo logístico, considerando como variables independientes la población del municipio, la densidad de locales de venta, la densidad de locales de venta y consumo de alcohol, y la densidad de ambos tipos de locales en el municipio. Resultados: La prevalencia de CRA fue del 60,5% (interval de confianza del 95% [IC95%]: 58,4-62,5) y la de CIA de 28,5% (IC95%: 26,7-30,2). Se observó una gran variabilidad según el municipio de procedencia. El modelo logístico multivariante mostró que los municipios con una densidad de 8,42-9,34 de ambos tipos de locales por mil habitantes presentaban mayor riesgo de CRA (odds ratio [OR]:1.39; IC95%: 1,09-1,78) y de CIA (OR= 1,29; IC95%: 1,01-1,66). Conclusión: Estos datos sugieren la importancia de incluir la información del entorno al estudiar el consumo de alcohol. Conocer mejor el entorno podría ayudar a plantear políticas que fomenten en la población conductas más saludables. Abstract: Objective: To assess the influence that alcohol outlet density, off- and on-alcohol premises, and alcohol consumption wield on the consumption patterns of young pre-university students in Galicia (Spain). Method: A cross-sectional analysis of a cohort of students of the University of Santiago de Compostela (Compostela Cohort 2016) was carried out. Consumption prevalence were calculated for each of the municipalities from the first-cycle students’ home residence during the year prior to admission. The association with risky alcohol consumption (RC) and binge-drinking (BD) was assessed with a logistic model considering as independent variables the municipality population, alcohol outlet density of off- premises, density of off- and on- premises and total density of both types of premises in the municipality. Results: The prevalence of RC was 60.5% (95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 58.4-62.5) and the BD was 28.5% (95%CI: 26.7-30.2). A great variability was observed according to the municipality of provenance. The multivariate logistic model showed municipalities with a density of 8.42-9.34 of both types of premises per thousand inhabitants presented a higher risk of RC (odds ratio [OR]: 1,39; 95%CI: 1.09-1.78) and BD (OR: 1.29; 95%CI: 1.01-1.66). Conclusion: These data suggest the importance of including environmental information when studying alcohol consumption. Knowing our environment better could help plan policies that encourage healthier behaviour in the population. Palabras clave: Densidad de puntos de venta de alcohol, Alcohol, Consumo de menores de edad, Adolescentes, Keywords: Alcohol outlet density, Alcohol, Underage drinking, Adolescents

Background The COVID-19 global pandemic caused a complete stop in sport participation which meant a detraining period for athletes. High-level athletes had to train at home guided by their coaches and conditioning trainers in an effort to maintain their physical fitness. The aim of maintaining the training adaptations and physical fitness during the COVID-19 mandatory lockdown was especially important for CP athletes, in which the detraining period was expected to cause early declines in motor function, poor coordination and muscle weakness due to their disability. Methods The present study assessed the effect of a guided self-training program on international CP football players’ physical fitness during the COVID-19 mandatory lockdown. Fifteen CP football players from the Spanish National Team participated in the study. An experimental design with a pre- (T1) and a post-intervention (T2) assessment was carried out, with a 12-week period of players’ self-training (divided in two periods of 6 weeks) which combined strength and endurance training. Physical performance assessment consisted in the free countermovement jump (CMJ), 5, 10 and 20-m sprint, the modified agility T-test (MAT) and a dribbling test. The Kruskal–Wallis test was used for between-group comparisons, while the Student’s paired t test or the Fisher Pitman permutation test, based on the normality of the data, were used for within-group comparisons. Results The results showed no differences between sport classes (FT1, FT2 and FT3) in physical fitness change after the training program (Chi2 = 0.16 to 1.73; p = 0.42 to 0.92). Within-group comparisons showed an increase of jump height in the CMJ (4.19 cm [2.46, 5.93]; p < 0.001) and a maintenance of the 5, 10 and 20-m sprint, MAT and dribbling ability (

The Kronecker algebra K is the path algebra induced by the quiver with two parallel arrows, one source and one sink (i.e., a quiver with two vertices and two arrows going in the same direction). Modules over K are said to be Kronecker modules. The classification of these modules can be obtained by solving a well-known tame matrix problem. Such a classification deals with solving systems of differential equations of the form Ax=Bx′, where A and B are m×n, F-matrices with F an algebraically closed field. On the other hand, researching the Yang–Baxter equation (YBE) is a topic of great interest in several science fields. It has allowed advances in physics, knot theory, quantum computing, cryptography, quantum groups, non-associative algebras, Hopf algebras, etc. It is worth noting that giving a complete classification of the YBE solutions is still an open problem. This paper proves that some indecomposable modules over K called pre-injective Kronecker modules give rise to some algebraic structures called skew braces which allow the solutions of the YBE. Since preprojective Kronecker modules categorize some integer sequences via some appropriated snake graphs, we prove that such modules are automatic and that they induce the automatic sequences of continued fractions.

The present paper proposes the implementation of a new algorithm for the control of the speed regulators of Pelton wheel turbines, used in many of the pumped hydroelectric energy storage systems that operate in isolated electrical systems with high renewable energy participation. This algorithm differs substantially from the standard developments which use PID or PI governors in that, in addition to acting on the nozzle needles and deflectors, it incorporates a new inner-loop pressure stabilization circuit to improve frequency regulation and dampen the effects of the pressure waves that are generated when regulating needle position. The proposed algorithm has been implemented in the Gorona del Viento wind–hydro power plant, an installation which supplies the primary energy needs of the island of El Hierro (Canary Islands, Spain). Although, as well as its wind and hydro generation systems, the plant also has a diesel engine based generation system, the validation of the results of the study presented here focuses on situations in which frequency control is provided exclusively by the hydroelectric plant. It is shown that implementation of the proposed algorithm, which replaces the previous control system based on a classical PI governor, is able to damp the pressure wave that originates in the long penstock of the plant in the face of variations in non-dispatchable renewable generation, a situation which occurred with a high degree of relative frequency in the case study. The damper has enabled a substantial reduction in the cumulative time and the number of times that frequency exceeded different safety margins. Damper incorporation also reduced the number of under-frequency pump unit load shedding events by 93%.

Coastal regions in Southwest Europe have experienced major interventions and transformations of the territory with unprecedented urban development, primarily related to growing tourism activity. The coast is the place where marine and terrestrial processes converge, making it highly vulnerable to the effects of climate change. However, the lack of information on the frequency of these extreme weather events and their impacts on the coast hampers an accurate analysis of the consequences of global change. This paper provides a detailed analysis of the extreme weather events (EWE) that have affected the Atlantic and Mediterranean coasts of Southwest Europe during the period from 1 January 2009 to 28 February 2020, as well as a quantification of their impacts: fatalities, injuries and economic damage. Official sources from France, Portugal and Spain were consulted, along with technical reports, scientific articles, etc., to generate a unified database. A total of 95 significant extreme events have caused 168 fatalities, 137 injuries and almost €4000 M in direct economic losses. Cyclone Xynthia (February 2010) on the French Atlantic coast stands out, having caused 47 fatalities, 79 injuries and substantial economic losses valued at €3000 M. The study shows a slight upward trend in the number of events recorded, especially during the last three years of the analysis, as well as in human losses and damages. The results reveal a higher exposure of the Mediterranean coast of Southwest Europe when compared to the Atlantic, especially the Spanish Mediterranean coast, with 61% of the fatalities recorded there during the study period. This is primarily due to a model of exponential tourism growth on the Mediterranean coast, with an enormous urban and infrastructure development during the last decades. Traditionally, the Mediterranean coast is less prepared to reduce the effects of marine storms, extreme events that are becoming more frequent and virulent in the context of climate and global change. This work highlights the need to create a continuous monitoring system–at the European level–of the impacts of extreme weather events on the coast, where 40% of the European population is concentrated. This observatory should serve as a source of information for risk mitigation policies (predictive, preventive and corrective), as well as for emergency management during disasters.

El objetivo de este artículo es dar a conocer la estrategia de desarrollo de la peri­feria, proponiendo un cambio de perspectiva: en lugar de buscar conseguir divisas para crecer y, con ello, generar empleo, se defiende un estabilizador automático, basado en una reserva de empleados, lo que llamamos política de empleador de última instancia, como eje para una estrategia de desarrollo, estable y autónoma. Si bien la periferia puede ver limitada su capacidad de importar, argumentamos que los gobiernos eligen entre el pleno empleo y el desempleo. Los efectos económicos de la pandemia de COVID-19 obligan a examinar esta elección.

Objective: Gout and cardiovascular disease are closely related, but the mechanism connecting them remains unknown. This study aims to explore whether urate crystal deposits and inflammation (assessed by ultrasound) are associated with carotid atherosclerosis.Methods: We included consecutive patients with crystal-proven gout newly presenting to a tertiary rheumatology unit. Patients under urate-lowering treatment were excluded. Ultrasound assessment was performed during intercritical periods. Musculoskeletal scans evaluated six joints and four tendons for urate crystal deposits (double contour, aggregates, and tophi), and power Doppler (PD) signal (graded 0–3) as a marker of local inflammation. The sum of locations showing deposits or a positive PD signal (≥1) was registered. Carotids were scanned for increased intima-media thickness (IMT) and atheroma plaques, according to the Mannheim consensus. Associations were analyzed using logistic regression.Results: The study included 103 patients showing sonographic crystal deposits at the examined locations (mean sum 9.9, minimum 2); tophi were the most frequent. Two-thirds of participants presented a positive PD signal (30.1% grade 2–3). In the carotid scans, 59.2% of participants showed atheroma plaques, and 33.0% increased IMT. Tophi (odds ratio [OR] 1.24; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.03–1.50) and a positive PD signal (OR 1.67; 95% CI 1.09–2.56) were significantly associated with atheroma plaques, while an increased IMT showed no sonographic association.Conclusion: Sonographic crystal deposits and subclinical inflammation were consistently observed in patients with intercritical gout. Tophi and a positive PD signal were linked to carotid atherosclerosis. Our findings may contribute to understanding the complex relationship between gout and atherosclerosis.

Food habits and diet composition of Patagonian flounder Paralichthys patagonicus (Jordan, 1889) were studied on the basis of stomach content analyses from 828 specimens (512 females, 304 males, 12 unsexed) collected during 16 commercial cruises between February 2009 and April 2010 in the Argentine-Uruguayan Coastal Ecosystem (34° S-41° S). A total of 272 stomachs (32.9%) contained food (184 females and 84 males), among which 20 prey taxa were identified. The most important prey category was pelagic fish, primarily Argentine anchovy (Engraulis anchoita), followed by rough scad (Trachurus lathami). Evidence showed that females consumed a higher total wet weight of prey compared to males. Results also suggested a specialised diet over E. anchoita, across all sex and size groups. The estimated trophic level for the population of P. patagonicus was 4.16. This study suggests that P. patagonicus is a tertiary piscivorous consumer of the trophic food web in the region, and reveals changes in the prey consumption compared with previous studies.

En Uruguay existe una estructura institucional dedicada a la inserción económica-comercial internacional, la cual ha estado, en los últimos 30 años, fuertemente influenciada por nuestra presencia en el Mercosur. El diseño institucional de la política comercial externa constituye uno de los pilares sobre los cuales se sostiene una estrategia de inserción internacional de un país. La política comercial externa no puede estar ajena a las instituciones y procesos que permiten darle forma. Importan los contenidos de una política, pero también los aspectos formales que permitan el fluir de esos contenidos. Para un país del tamaño de Uruguay, el desarrollo está íntimamente ligado a cómo se logre insertar en otros mercados. Además, Uruguay necesita sustentar su inserción económica-comercial en base a acuerdos cuya naturaleza jurídica e institucional le permita desplegar una política comercial externa proactiva y dinámica que impacte, de manera positiva, en la competitividad. A raíz de los magros resultados que ha obtenido el bloque regional a lo largo de su historia en materia de agenda comercial externa, y, a la luz, de un cambio de gobierno en el Uruguay, desde marzo de 2020, se percibe que el país se encuentra en un punto de quiebre que puede generar nuevas oportunidades. Es por eso que, en esta investigación, hemos decidido ahondar en cuál es la arquitectura institucional que tenemos y qué necesidad de modernización y adaptación requiere para poder ser eficientes, dinámicos, proactivos y lograr trabajar de manera coordinada.

Tropical seagrass meadows are formed by an array of seagrass species that share the same space. Species sharing the same plot are competing for resources, namely light and inorganic nutrients, which results in the capacity of some species to preempt space from others. However, the drivers behind seagrass species competition are not completely understood. In this work, we studied the competitive interactions among tropical seagrass species of Unguja Island (Zanzibar, Tanzania) using a trait-based approach. We quantified the abundance of eight seagrass species under different trophic states, and selected nine traits related to light and inorganic nutrient preemption to characterize the functional strategy of the species (leaf maximum length and width, leaves per shoot, leaf mass area, vertical rhizome length, shoots per meter of ramet, rhizome diameter, roots per meter of ramet, and root maximum length). From the seagrass abundance we calculated the probability of space preemption between pairs of seagrass species and for each individual seagrass species under the different trophic states. Species had different probabilities of space preemption, with the climax species Thalassodendron ciliatum, Enhalus acoroides, Thalassia hemprichii, and the opportunistic Cymodocea serrulata having the highest probability of preemption, while the pioneer and opportunistic species Halophila ovalis, Syringodium isoetifolium, Halodule uninervis, and Cymodocea rotundata had the lowest. Traits determining the functional strategy showed that there was a size gradient across species. For two co-occurring seagrass species, probability of preemption was the highest for the larger species, it increased as the size difference between species increased and was unaffected by the trophic state. Competitive interactions among seagrass species were asymmetrical, i.e., negative effects were not reciprocal, and the driver behind space preemption was determined by plant size. Seagrass space preemption is a consequence of resource competition, and the probability of a species to exert preemption can be calculated using a trait-based approach.

Se registró por primera vez el comportamiento de homing en Chaetophractus villosus. Se capturaron 33 individuos de C. villosus y se liberaron a diferentes distancias en Península Valdés, Chubut, Argentina. Del total de individuos, el 30 % regresó al punto captura dentro de los 12 días desde la liberación. El tiempo de recaptura aumentó de manera no linear respecto a la distancia, por lo que los puntos de liberación podrían estar fuera de su área de acción. El regreso al sitio de captura posiblemente se debe a que los peludos reconozcan a este sitio como fuente de recursos alimenticios.

Abstract It is well known that several of the swainsonine-containing plant species found widespread around the world have a negative economic impact in each country. In Argentina, most of the information on the poisonous plant species that produce α-mannosidosis is published in Spanish and thus not available to most English-speaking researchers interested in toxic plants. Therefore, the aim of this review is to summarize the information about swainsonine-containing plants in Argentina, which are extensively distributed throughout different ecoregions of the country. To date, five species from three genera have been shown to induce α-mannosidosis in livestock in Argentina: Ipomoea carnea subsp. fistulosa, Ipomoea hieronymi subsp. calchaquina (Convolvulaceae), Astragalus garbancillo, Astragalus pehuenches (Fabaceae), and Sida rodrigoi (Malvaceae). These species contain the indolizidine alkaloid swainsonine, which inhibits the lysosomal enzyme α-mannosidase and consequently affects glycoprotein metabolism, resulting in partially metabolized sugars. The prolonged consumption of these poisonous plants produces progressive weight loss and clinical signs related to a nervous disorder, characterized by tremors of head and neck, abnormalities of gait, difficulty in standing, ataxia and wide-based stance. Histological lesions are mainly characterized by vacuolation of different cells, especially neurons of the central nervous system. The main animal model used to study α-mannosidosis is the guinea pig because, when experimentally poisoned, it exhibits many of the characteristics of naturally intoxicated livestock.

El artículo es el resultado de una sistematización a través del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la asignatura Problemas Sociales de la Ciencia y la Tecnología desarrollado en el curso 2019-2020 en el tercer año de la carrera de Ingeniería Civil en la Universidad de Ciego de Ávila Máximo Gómez Báez para contribuir a la formación investigativa de los estudiantes. El objetivo es explicar el proceso de sistematización y los resultados obtenidos. Se utilizaron los métodos de estudio de contenido y la sistematización; se utilizaron la observación participante, encuesta y talleres de socialización con profesores de diferentes carreras. La muestra fue de 16 estudiantes de tercer año de la carrera de Ingeniería Civil y 20 profesores de diferentes carreras. Se obtienen un resultado de tipo teórico al determinar indicadores y relaciones entre formación investigativa-enfoque Ciencia Tecnología Sociedad y mejoras en la formación investigativa de los estudiantes.

Abstract The similarity between parasites communities’ decay with distance and its analysis may explain important ecological process such host dispersion. Patagonia is inhabited by two armadillo species, Chaetophractus villosus and Zaedyus pichiy. In this study we describe and analyze the variation on helminth fauna of these armadillos in Patagonia compared with northern localities described in previous studies. A total of 49 armadillos were collected in Patagonia. Quantitative descriptors of parasite ecology were calculated and community structure of helminths was analyzed following the central-satellite species hypothesis. The parasite richness in Patagonia decreases almost 50% in both armadillos. Zaedyus pichiy present the same central species in Patagonia as in northern localities. For C. villosus central-satellite species analysis could not be applied. The loss of some helminths in Z. pichiy could be the result of lower temperatures or the absence of intermediate arthropods hosts. But in C. villosus the absence of some helminths with Patagonian distribution could be explained by its recent dispersion in Patagonia. Trichohelix tuberculata still being the only helminth in C. villosus introduced population of Tierra del Fuego.

Identifying the SOC levels and revealing the potential of SOC storage of ecosystems difficult to sample and study are necessary contributions to the understanding of the global reserves of SOC. Wetlands store large amounts of SOC within their soils. They have an important role in water regulation and have great biological and floristic diversity. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the SOC stock in Atillo micro-watershed in the Ecuadorian Andean wetlands at two soil depths (0–30 cm and 30–60 cm below ground) and to assess the importance of the ecosystem and its conservation in favor of reducing emissions due to degradation processes. For that, we sampled the study zone with 101 composite samples of soil to obtain the SOC storage for each sample point in Mg/ha. A SOC estimation to evaluate its spatial distribution was performed using the geostatistical method Kriging. The results show a high storage capacity of the study zone with SOC values of 126 to 454 Mg/ha in the 0–30 cm soil profile and 148 to 350 Mg/ha in the 30–60 cm soil profile. The preservation and protection mechanisms of high SOC reserves should be taken into account to prevent the emission of CO2.

Currently, researching the Yang–Baxter equation (YBE) is a subject of great interest among scientists of diverse areas in mathematics and other sciences. One of the fundamental open problems is to find all of its solutions. The investigation deals with developing theories such as knot theory, Hopf algebras, quandles, Lie and Jordan (super) algebras, and quantum computing. One of the most successful techniques to obtain solutions of the YBE was given by Rump, who introduced an algebraic structure called the brace, which allows giving non-degenerate involutive set-theoretical solutions. This paper introduces Brauer configuration algebras, which, after appropriate specializations, give rise to braces associated with Thompson’s group F. The dimensions of these algebras and their centers are also given.

Introduction: Modern handball was introduced as an Olympic sport in 1972 and is played by more than 19 million people worldwide. Beach handball was born as an adaptation of court handball in the 1990s. Both modalities are complex and multifactorial ball games characterised by a fast pace and variable game intensities, as well as the strong influence of tactical concepts, social factors and cognitive aspects. Objective: To analyse the nutritional status of both male and female players to assess whether it is in line with specific and general dietary intake demands. Methodology: A systematic search of databases was carried out using keywords with relevant Boolean operators. Results: A total of 468 studies was identified, of which 44 studies were included: 7 on hydration; 22 studies related to energy, macronutrient and fibre intake; 23 that assessed micronutrients; 4 studies on nutritional knowledge and information sources; and 2 articles on eating disorders. A further 85 articles were included in order to cross-check results. Discussion: The need for a state of euhydration and normal plasma electrolyte levels is clear. Adequate energy intake is the cornerstone of the handball athlete’s diet to support optimal body function. The ACSM sets daily recommendations of 6–10 g CHO/kg body weight for handball, and daily protein recommendations range from 1.2 to 2.0 g PRO/kg/day and 14 g dietary fibre per 1000 kcal. Conclusion: The nutritional habits of handball players do not seem to be adequate to the demands of the sport, although these demands are not clarified. The inclusion of nutrition professionals could be a key element in the performance of these athletes.

Cider production requires detailed knowledge of the apple varieties used. Of the hundreds of varieties of cider and dessert apples in Spain, only a few are accepted for producing cider under the “Sidra de Asturias” protected designation of origin. The visual characteristics of many of these varieties are very similar, and only experts can distinguish them. In this study, an artificial intelligence system using Transfer Learning techniques was developed for classifying some Asturian apple varieties. The performance of several convolutional neural network architectures was compared for classifying an image database created by the authors that included nine of the most common apple varieties. The best overall accuracy (98.04%) was obtained with the InceptionV3 architecture, thus demonstrating the reliability of the classification system, which will be useful for all cider or apple producers.

La displasia del desarrollo de la cadera (DDC) es una entidad frecuente que afecta a 4 de cada 1000 nacidos vivos y es una causa reconocida de artrosis de cadera secundaria a pesar de los controles perinatales de rutina. En la mayoría de los pacientes, el diagnóstico precoz de la patología permite una evolución sin secuelas. Sin embargo, el diagnóstico tardío con múltiples intervenciones representa un verdadero reto para el ortopedista, ya que se trata de pacientes con fisis abierta, nucleos de osificación presentes y cirugías previas en la zona de abordaje. Se reporta a continuación el caso de una paciente tratada en nuestro centro desde su nacimiento, que evolucionó con complicaciones asociadas al diagnóstico tardío y a las intervenciones quirúrgicas, describiendo la cirugía de salvataje realizada a los 12 años de edad y destacando finalmente la importancia de los controles perinatales de rutina y el diagnóstico precoz de la DDC.

Revisión del libro El mundo clásico. ¿por qué importa?

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the performance of lung ultrasound to determine short-term outcomes of patients with COVID-19 admitted to the intensive care unit. Methods This is a Prospective, observational study. Between July and November 2020, 59 patients were included and underwent at least two LUS assessments using LUS score (range 0-42) on day of admission, day 5th, and 10th of admission. Results Age was 66.5±15 years, APACHE II was 8.3±3.9, 12 (20%) patients had malignancy, 46 (78%) patients had a non-invasive ventilation/high-flow nasal cannula and 38 (64%) patients required mechanical ventilation. The median stay in ICU was 12 days (IQR 8.5-20.5 days). ICU or hospital mortality was 54%. On admission, the LUS score was 20.8±6.1; on day 5th and day 10th of admission, scores were 27.6±5.5 and 29.4±5.3, respectively (P=0.007). As clinical condition deteriorated the LUS score increased, with a positive correlation of 0.52, P

Deep learning, one of the fastest-growing branches of artificial intelligence, has become one of the most relevant research and development areas of the last years, especially since 2012, when a neural network surpassed the most advanced image classification techniques of the time. This spectacular development has not been alien to the world of the arts, as recent advances in generative networks have made possible the artificial creation of high-quality content such as images, movies or music. We believe that these novel generative models propose a great challenge to our current understanding of computational creativity. If a robot can now create music that an expert cannot distinguish from music composed by a human, or create novel musical entities that were not known at training time, or exhibit conceptual leaps, does it mean that the machine is then creative? We believe that the emergence of these generative models clearly signals that much more research needs to be done in this area. We would like to contribute to this debate with two case studies of our own: TimbreNet, a variational auto-encoder network trained to generate audio-based musical chords, and StyleGAN Pianorolls, a generative adversarial network capable of creating short musical excerpts, despite the fact that it was trained with images and not musical data. We discuss and assess these generative models in terms of their creativity and we show that they are in practice capable of learning musical concepts that are not obvious based on the training data, and we hypothesize that these deep models, based on our current understanding of creativity in robots and machines, can be considered, in fact, creative.

This paper aims to examine the foundations of sovereignty in James VI of Scotland´s political thought, as well as its relation with the birth of the political in Western Europe. The study will consider his stance on tyrannicide and witchcraft. By analyzing the king´s treatises, the article will focus on his theorizations about the origins of the political and the institutional order. Besides demonstrating the theological genesis of his stance, the next pages will aim to unravel the ideas by which the Stuart attempted to build his legitimacy as an absolute sovereign, as well as the relation with their immediate historical context.

Abstract Background Chronic musculoskeletal pain affects more than 20% of the population, and the prevalence is increasing, causing suffering, loss of quality of life, disability, and an enormous expenditure on healthcare resources. The most common location for chronic pain is the spine. Many of the treatments used are mainly passive (pharmacological and invasive) and poor outcomes. The treatments currently applied in the public health system do not comply with the recommendations of the main clinical practice guidelines, which suggest the use of educational measures and physical exercise as the first-line treatment. A protocol based on active coping strategies is described, which will be evaluated through a clinical trial and which could facilitate the transfer of the recommendations of the clinical practice guidelines to a primary care setting. Methods Randomised and multicentre clinical trials, which will be carried out in 10 Primary Care centres. The trial will compare the effect of a Pain Neuroscience Education program (six sessions, 10 h) and group physical exercise (18 sessions program carried out in six weeks, 18 h), with usual care physiotherapy treatment. Group physical exercise incorporates dual tasks, gaming, and reinforcement of contents of the educational program. The aim is to assess the effect of the intervention on quality of life, as well as on pain, disability, catastrophism, kinesiophobia, central sensitisation, and drug use. The outcome variables will be measured at the beginning of the intervention, after the intervention (week 11), at six months, and a year. Discussion Therapeutic interventions based on active coping strategies are essential for the treatment of chronic pain and the sustainability of the Public Health System. Demonstrating whether group interventions have an effect size is essential for optimising resources in such a prevalent problem. Trial registration NCT03654235 “Retrospectively registered” 31 August 2018.

En este trabajo se propone un abordaje a las estrategias de uso de los recursos por parte de grupos familiares de origen indígena que habitaron la meseta del Strobel (Santa Cruz) durante el siglo XX. Dichos grupos se instalaron en la región evitando su incorporación a las reservas indígenas dispuestas por el Estado nacional. Como parte de la ocupación de este espacio, dichas unidades familiares implementaron diversas estrategias económicas, marcadas por el acomodamiento y reajuste ante el avance de la economía pastoril y la pérdida de tierras. Se concluye que las estrategias adoptadas se caracterizaron por su diversidad y exibilidad, combinando prácticas tradicionales con aquellas vinculadas al nuevo lugar que estos grupos adquirieron en la economía. A pesar de ello, la aparición de nuevas legislaciones y el progresivo arrinconamiento de los grupos locales llevaron al abandono de la meseta por parte de éstos.

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar el uso de la Plataforma Moodle en la Universidad de Ciego de Ávila; se emplearon como métodos y técnicas: el análisis documental, la observación y la recopilación de opiniones de profesores y estudiantes, la revisión de los sistemas de trabajo metodológico, el asesoramiento y control a los colectivos académicos de las facultades, además de controles a clases; se determinaron las regularidades del uso de esta plataforma en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje en el contexto de esta universidad y se reflexiona acerca de cómo pudiera favorecerse la interacción en el aprendizaje con el aprovechamiento de esta tecnología de la información y de otros recursos de la red informática de la Universidad.

Este artículo reflexiona sobre algunos aspectos centrales de la historiografía latina que han sido foco del debate en las últimas décadas. En la primera parte, presenta un estado de la cuestión sobre el tema de la veracidad y el peso de la retórica en las narraciones de los historiadores. En la segunda parte, analiza el rol de la moral en la interpretación de los hechos que ofrecen dichas narraciones.