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On January 12, 2010, Haiti experienced a 7.0 magnitude earthquake 10 miles from its capital city of Port-au-Prince. The global relief effort that followed was on a scale that to date has been unmatched. Relief organizations, responders from many governments, and people from all over the world poured into Haiti to help address the devastating circumstances. Throughout the relief effort the communications that transpired between air, ground, and ocean-based assistance crews were recorded in the All Partners Area Network (APAN) collaboration system. APAN data from the Haiti relief effort provided the data that were analyzed for this study. The goal of the study is to understand the role of cognition in distributed teams who are collaborating to solve challenging, unique, dynamic, information-rich problems, and to apply this understanding to make recommendations for collaboration support. The research described in this paper focuses on the contextually bound processes involved in sense making, managing uncertainty, and related cognitive processes entailed in responding to emerging events that occur in dynamic decision-making situations. We examined team collaboration in the context of the Haiti Humanitarian Assistance/Disaster Relief (HA/DR) operation. We elected to analyze this data set as it represents a large set of real-world data with all the characteristics of interest for conducting an empirical evaluation of the model of team collaboration. The presentation includes briefing charts., Presented at the International Command and Control Research and Technology Symposium (ICCRTS 2011) (16th) held in Quebec City, Canada on 21-23 June 2011. Published in the Proceedings of the 16th International Command and Control Research and Technology Symposium, June 2011.

The earthquake that struck Haiti in the afternoon of January 12, 2010 devastated the nation and left the cities of Haiti in a state of ruin. Tens of thousands were killed in the wreckage, and survivors were left without the basic necessities of life. The world quickly responded with a massive outpouring of aid. However, due to the destruction of the infrastructure of Haiti, the coordination of this aid was challenging. The All Partners Access Network (APAN), an online information exchange and collaboration tool, proved useful in bringing together many aid groups, including several U.S. government entities, to effectively address Haiti's multitude of immediate and long-term needs. The APAN data recorded the collaboration that occurred between its users. The goal of this thesis is to utilize the data as a real-world example of how teams work together on unique, complex problems. The data was coded and analyzed with the objective of empirically evaluating the Office of Naval Research model of team collaboration. The model describes the individual and team cognitive processes, occurring during team collaboration, which facilitate decision making in seeking solutions to multifaceted, unique, and complex problems., The original document contains color images.

During October 2008, an Air Force Research Event was conducted to integrate operational concepts and training techniques from different commands. The collaborative teamwork demonstrated in the highly asymmetric threat exercise scenario was recorded in Mardem-Bey internet relay chat logs across fifteen different chat rooms. The goal of this thesis was to use chat room recorded data that was extracted from an exercise environment simulating an Air and Space Operations Center (AOC) cell using an experimental structure; non-approved tactics, techniques, and procedures; and a fictional environment to stimulate certain training processes to evaluate a measurement model of macrocognition developed under the Collaboration and Knowledge Integration program, sponsored by the Office of Naval Research. The model focuses on team member's cognitive processes used during collaboration with the goal of trying to understand how individuals collaborate to build new knowledge and accomplish their tasks. Effective chat communications may expedite the process of moving the team towards achieving their ultimate goal, which was to produce optimum combat effectiveness in a timely manner. Thesis results will be provided to the Office of Naval Research to help improve collaboration among teams while operating in stressful and dynamic environments., The original document contains color images.

The extraordinary events that occurred on the morning of September 11, 2001, left Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) air traffic controllers in New York, Boston, Washington, and Cleveland and their colleagues at the North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD), without precedent as to how to respond to the hijacking of four American commercial airliners. Despite the chaos and confusion, the two agencies put forth a joint effort in order to decide when and how to scramble fighter aircraft to escort the airliners. The collaboration that occurred between the agencies was recorded in radio transcripts between NORAD and FAA air traffic controllers. The goal of this thesis is to utilize the September 11, 2001, NORAD/FAA channel three transcripts to offer a realworld example of how a team works together on a one-of-a-kind problem. Further, transcript of recorded audio were coded and analyzed in an effort to empirically validate the Office of Naval Research model of team collaboration. The model focuses on individual and team cognitive processes used during team or agency collaboration with the goal of understanding how individuals and teams work together in order to reach a decision.

The tragic events of September 11, 2001, brought about changes in the procedures for interagency collaboration. That day air traffic controllers in New York, Boston, Washington, and Cleveland were scrambling due to the hijacking of four American commercial airliners. In their efforts to bring order to chaos the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) in communication with Northeast Air Defense Sector (NEADS) and North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD) scrambled fighter aircraft to escort the airliners. The collaborative teamwork that occurred during this response is recorded in the radio transcripts between NEADS and FAA air traffic controllers. The goal of this thesis is to use the September 11, 2001, NEADS/FAA channel 4 transcripts to provide a real-world example of a team collaborating on a unique, one of a kind problem, to contribute to the effort to validate the structural model of team collaboration, developed under the Collaboration and Knowledge Integration Program, sponsored by the Office of Naval Research. The focus of the model is on individual cognitive processes used during agency or team collaboration with the goal of understanding how individuals and different agencies work together towards reaching a decision., The original document contains color images.

'Macrocognition' is a nascent area of knowledge engineering that focuses on understanding how cognition emerges in natural environments. One goal for studying macrocognition is to understand the complexity entailed in inter- and intra-individual cognition. The goal of the research reported here is to better understand how team collaboration influences and facilitates the team's task performance. In this paper we describe our analysis of several complex team collaboration tasks: (a) firefighters from the Fire Department of New York on September 11, 2001, (b) air warfare teams on an Aegis ship, and (c) the team collaboration entailed in conducting Maritime Interdiction Operations. Team communications that transpired during three complex problem solving situations were analyzed to understand how teams collaborate to create new knowledge and decide on a course of action during complex, one-of-a-kind problems. Communications were analyzed using definitions of cognitive processes included in a conceptual model of team collaboration. These processes include: (1) individual knowledge building, (2) developing knowledge interoperability, (3) developing team shared understanding, and (4) team consensus. The way the team's cognitive behavior maps to the model of team collaboration is discussed along with differences in patterns of collaboration for different decision-making domains., Presented at the International Command and Control Research and Technology Symposia (13th) (ICCRTS 2008) held in Seattle, WA on 17-19 Jun 2008. The original document contains color images.

On September 11, 2001, during an exercise at the North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD), air traffic controllers in New York, Boston, Washington and Cleveland discovered that four American commercial airliners had been hijacked. Initially, the officials at NORAD's North East Air Defense Sector (NEADS) were confused as to whether the hijackings were real world or part of an exercise. The goal of this thesis is to investigate the teamwork and collaboration that occurred between NEADS, their counterparts at the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and various air traffic control centers in order to provide military air support and ground civilian air traffic over the United States. Transcripts of recorded audio from the command and control center at NEADS were coded and analyzed in an effort to use a real world example to empirically validate the structural model of team collaboration, developed by the Office of Naval Research. The model focuses on individual and team cognitive processes used during collaboration with the goal of understanding how individuals and teams work together under stress to make decisions., The original document contains color images.

The goal of this research was to validate the existence and facilitate a better understanding of the stages and underlying macrocognitive processes of team collaboration. Recently, Letsky, Warner, Fiore, Rosen, and Salas (2007) proposed a revised taxonomy and set of definitions for the underlying macrocognitive major processes and subprocesses of team collaboration. For the present research, communication transcripts collected during Warner, Letsky, and Cowen's (2005) second experiment were recoded using the new taxonomy and definitions (Letsky, et al., 2007) and then re-analyzed. The results enabled an examination of the collaboration stages, macrocognitive major processes, and macrocognitive subprocesses in terms of: 1) their consistency and contribution in the team collaboration process, and 2) the next phase in the evolution of a conceptual model of team collaboration.

The purpose of this document is to present the Special Operations Reconnaissance (SOR) scenario and the methodology used to generate and validate the scenario. The face of military team collaboration has changed due to gathering intelligence from broader and more diverse sources. As information sources become more complex, knowledge uncertainty increases. The internet has also provided greater communication opportunities, and military teams must be able to collaborate effectively in asynchronous situations. Collaboration tools must continue to evolve to keep up with this increasing complexity in communication. In order to assist in this evolution, a deeper understanding of team collaboration must be achieved. During team collaboration, there are many higher order cognitive processes that are both inside and outside the head of team members - these processes are known as macrocognitive processes. Since it is not possible to see what a person is thinking internally, the person's behavior must be studied in a controlled, rich environment. Ideally, this environment should be rich and emulate a real-world team collaboration problem. With the input of several military personnel with experience in intelligence analysis and mission planning, the SOR scenario was developed to serve as this environment. The scenario is intended to be realistic and complex, but should elicit information about the internal and external aspects of the macrocognitive processes. The SOR scenario is an intelligence analysis and mission planning scenario that requires a team of three participants to work together to solve various problems in an asynchronous- distributed environment. This scenario will help to deepen the understanding of team collaboration, team problem solving, and macrocognition, which will aid in the development of more effective team collaboration tools.

With the Internet acting as the ultimate communications medium, ProjectNet provides an instant, on-demand, secure online solution for all team members to communicate, share documents and collaborate using a standard Web browser.

On September 11, 2001, more than one thousand people responded to aid in rescue efforts at the World Trade Center in New York City, mobilizing the largest rescue operation in the city's history. The collaborative teamwork demonstrated in this response is recorded in the radio transcripts between responding units and the Manhattan Dispatcher. The goal of this thesis is to use these transcripts to provide a real world example to validate the Structural Model of Team Collaboration, sponsored by the Office of Naval Research. This model focuses on individual cognitive processes during collaboration with the goal of understanding how individuals work together towards making a decision. This thesis also investigates the effects of loss of situational awareness and adherence to standard operating procedure as an indicator of efficient radio communication. Efficient radio communication expedites the process of moving the team towards their ultimate goal; on September 11, 2001, that goal was to rescue the thousands of civilians trapped in the Twin Towers. This thesis uses the Structural Model of Team Collaboration to help the Fire Department of New York understand how it works together as a team, and offer suggested improvements as necessary., The original document contains color images.

The purpose of this paper is to describe a cognitive model of team collaboration emphasizing the human decision-making processes used during team collaboration. The descriptive model includes the domain characteristics, collaboration stages, meta- and macro-cognitive processes, and the mechanisms for achieving the stages and cognitive processes. To gain an understanding of the team collaboration process, the model will focus on three tasks: (1) team decision-making/course of action (COA) selection, (2) developing shared understanding, and (3) intelligence analysis (team data processing). During team collaboration there are various collaborative situation parameters that influence collaboration performance. Time pressure, information and knowledge uncertainty, large amounts of information, and dynamic information were chosen as critical parameters to focus the collaboration domain because of their significance to current military requirements. The final factor considered is team types, the most complex factor influencing collaboration performance. The seven team type characteristics (asynchronous, distributed, cultural diversity, heterogeneous knowledge, unique roles, rotating teams, and hierarchical vs. flat command structure) were selected based on the common characteristics of today's military collaborative teams. Two experiments were designed to provide empirical data on the validity of the collaboration stages and cognitive processes of the model. Both face-to-face teams and asynchronous, distributed teams achieved the same high-quality solution in the same amount of time, but the asynchronous, distributed teams required less communication. With respect to the collaboration stages, both face-to-face and asynchronous distributed teams demonstrated behavior that supports the existence of Knowledge Construction, Team Collaborative Problem Solving, and Team Consensus stages during collaborative problem solving., Prepared in cooperation with the Office of Naval Research, Arlington, VA and the Space and Naval Warfare Systems Command, San Diego, CA.

Recent advances in communication and information technology have changed the face of military collaboration. The shift to network-centric operations at both the tactical and strategic levels provide the warfighter with improved abilities for sharing and leveraging information. This shift to a knowledge-based force will have a direct impact on shared situational awareness, intelligence analysis, and decision-making. Despite these improvements, however, information technology is not without its problems. Because of the tremendous amount of data available, collaboration teams are often faced with information overload. Much of that information comes from open sources such as the internet. As a result, knowledge uncertainty becomes a primary concern. In addition, military intelligence is dynamic in nature, and is, therefore, constantly changing. Military strategists and operational personnel must continually monitor the flow of information to ensure accurate and timely mission planning and execution. Geographically distributed collaboration teams face additional burdens. Co-located teams have the advantage of "real-time" collaboration. On the other hand, distributed teams often receive information asynchronously. In addition, the widening realm of contributors often results in teams that represent a wide range of experience, knowledge, and cultural backgrounds. To complicate the collaborative effort further, accessibility of enhanced commercial and military technology has resulted in a market flooded with diverse, often incompatible collaboration tools. Without significant oversight, this enhanced technology will serve to impede collaboration rather than improve it.

The purpose of this paper is to describe the unique cognitive processes that are employed to optimize collaborative team decision making in a geographically distributed and time delayed situation. The cognitive processes will be illustrated within the context of a structural model of team collaboration. The team collaboration model has four unique but interdependent stages of team collaboration. The stages are: Team Knowledge Construction, Collaborative Team Problem Solving, Team Consensus, and Product Evaluation & Revision. The stages are not strictly sequential but are very dynamic throughout the collaboration process. The cognitive processes are represented at four levels: Meta-cognition, which guides the overall problem solving process, the Information Processing Tasks required by the team to complete each collaboration stage, the Knowledge Required to support the information processing tasks and the Communication Mechanisms for Knowledge Building and Information Processing. Results from the empirical team collaboration studies indicate significant differences in the cognitive processes and sub-processes across the four collaboration stages for the face-to-face teams compared to asynchronous, distributed teams. Understanding these differences will facilitate the design of collaboration tools for asynchronous, distributed teams and will provide for more effective and timely collaborative decision-making., Presented at the Command and Control Research and Technology Symposium held in San Diego, CA on 15-17 June 2004. Published in the Proceedings of the Command and Control Research and Technology Symposium, 2004. Briefing charts included. The original document contains color images.

Tato bakalářská práce se zabývá řešením problému zjednodušeni týmové spolupráce, který se týká komunikace mezí členy týmu a plánování projektů, jeho úloh a možných událostí s projekty spojenými. Na základě provedeného výzkumu a osobních zkušenosti byla navrhnuta webová aplikace, jejímiž hlavními přednostmi jsou jednoduchost ovládání, integrace již existujících užitečných a často využívaných aplikaci a usnadnění komunikace týmu. První část technické zprávy se zabývá popisem návrhu teto aplikace, druhá obsahuje detaily realizace a testování., This thesis deals with solving the problems of simplification of team collaboration, which relates to the communication among the team members and project planning, tasks and possible events, which are related to the projects. Based on a research and personal experience, a web application was designed, whose main advantages was simplicity in use, integration of already existing and frequently used applications and making the team communication easier. The first part of the thesis describes a design of the web application, the second part includes implementation and testing details.

Tato bakalářská práce se zabývá řešením problému zjednodušeni týmové spolupráce, který se týká komunikace mezí členy týmu a plánování projektů, jeho úloh a možných událostí s projekty spojenými. Na základě provedeného výzkumu a osobních zkušenosti byla navrhnuta webová aplikace, jejímiž hlavními přednostmi jsou jednoduchost ovládání, integrace již existujících užitečných a často využívaných aplikaci a usnadnění komunikace týmu. První část technické zprávy se zabývá popisem návrhu teto aplikace, druhá obsahuje detaily realizace a testování., This thesis deals with solving the problems of simplification of team collaboration, which relates to the communication among the team members and project planning, tasks and possible events, which are related to the projects. Based on a research and personal experience, a web application was designed, whose main advantages was simplicity in use, integration of already existing and frequently used applications and making the team communication easier. The first part of the thesis describes a design of the web application, the second part includes implementation and testing details.

Tato bakalářská práce se zabývá řešením problému zjednodušeni týmové spolupráce, který se týká komunikace mezí členy týmu a plánování projektů, jeho úloh a možných událostí s projekty spojenými. Na základě provedeného výzkumu a osobních zkušenosti byla navrhnuta webová aplikace, jejímiž hlavními přednostmi jsou jednoduchost ovládání, integrace již existujících užitečných a často využívaných aplikaci a usnadnění komunikace týmu. První část technické zprávy se zabývá popisem návrhu teto aplikace, druhá obsahuje detaily realizace a testování., This thesis deals with solving the problems of simplification of team collaboration, which relates to the communication among the team members and project planning, tasks and possible events, which are related to the projects. Based on a research and personal experience, a web application was designed, whose main advantages was simplicity in use, integration of already existing and frequently used applications and making the team communication easier. The first part of the thesis describes a design of the web application, the second part includes implementation and testing details.

Tato bakalářská práce se zabývá řešením problému zjednodušeni týmové spolupráce, který se týká komunikace mezí členy týmu a plánování projektů, jeho úloh a možných událostí s projekty spojenými. Na základě provedeného výzkumu a osobních zkušenosti byla navrhnuta webová aplikace, jejímiž hlavními přednostmi jsou jednoduchost ovládání, integrace již existujících užitečných a často využívaných aplikaci a usnadnění komunikace týmu. První část technické zprávy se zabývá popisem návrhu teto aplikace, druhá obsahuje detaily realizace a testování., This thesis deals with solving the problems of simplification of team collaboration, which relates to the communication among the team members and project planning, tasks and possible events, which are related to the projects. Based on a research and personal experience, a web application was designed, whose main advantages was simplicity in use, integration of already existing and frequently used applications and making the team communication easier. The first part of the thesis describes a design of the web application, the second part includes implementation and testing details.

Tato bakalářská práce se zabývá řešením problému zjednodušeni týmové spolupráce, který se týká komunikace mezí členy týmu a plánování projektů, jeho úloh a možných událostí s projekty spojenými. Na základě provedeného výzkumu a osobních zkušenosti byla navrhnuta webová aplikace, jejímiž hlavními přednostmi jsou jednoduchost ovládání, integrace již existujících užitečných a často využívaných aplikaci a usnadnění komunikace týmu. První část technické zprávy se zabývá popisem návrhu teto aplikace, druhá obsahuje detaily realizace a testování., This thesis deals with solving the problems of simplification of team collaboration, which relates to the communication among the team members and project planning, tasks and possible events, which are related to the projects. Based on a research and personal experience, a web application was designed, whose main advantages was simplicity in use, integration of already existing and frequently used applications and making the team communication easier. The first part of the thesis describes a design of the web application, the second part includes implementation and testing details.

Tato bakalářská práce se zabývá řešením problému zjednodušeni týmové spolupráce, který se týká komunikace mezí členy týmu a plánování projektů, jeho úloh a možných událostí s projekty spojenými. Na základě provedeného výzkumu a osobních zkušenosti byla navrhnuta webová aplikace, jejímiž hlavními přednostmi jsou jednoduchost ovládání, integrace již existujících užitečných a často využívaných aplikaci a usnadnění komunikace týmu. První část technické zprávy se zabývá popisem návrhu teto aplikace, druhá obsahuje detaily realizace a testování., This thesis deals with solving the problems of simplification of team collaboration, which relates to the communication among the team members and project planning, tasks and possible events, which are related to the projects. Based on a research and personal experience, a web application was designed, whose main advantages was simplicity in use, integration of already existing and frequently used applications and making the team communication easier. The first part of the thesis describes a design of the web application, the second part includes implementation and testing details.

Předmětem bakalářské práce je návrh novostavby lezeckého centra a vypracování prováděcí dokumentace. Objekt Univerzitního lezeckého centra Pardubice se nachází na jižní straně města Pardubice na hranici sídliště Dukla. Stavba je osazena do zastavěné oblasti do rovinného terénu. Jedná se o 4 podlažní objekt složeného oválného tvaru s jedním podzemním podlažím. Střešní konstrukce je pultová s povlakovou hydroizolací s přitížením praným říčním kačírkem. Objekt je rozdělen na 3 funkční celky. Hlavní funkci objektu plní lezecká stěna, která je přístupná z podzemního podlaží a která probíhá napříč všemi podlažími. Ve druhém nadzemním podlaží se nachází boulderové stěna se zázemím, která tvoří druhý funkční celek. Poslední třetí funkci tvoří prostor pro cvičence i veřejnost v prvním nadzemním podlaží, kde se nachází recepce s půjčovnou a kavárna s posezením v proskleném obloukovém prostoru. Celkově je sportoviště projektováno pro 60 cvičenců. Budova je navržena téměř s nulovou spotřebou energie v nízkoenergetickém standardu. Objekt je navržen pro užívání osob s omezenou možností pohybu a orientace. Konstrukční systém objektu je železobetonový monolitický. Svislé obvodové konstrukce jsou železobetonové tloušťky 200 mm s kontaktním zateplením ETICS s desek z minerální vaty tloušťky 200 mm. Vnitřní svislé i vodorovné nosné konstrukce jsou z železobetonu proměnných tlouštěk. Konstrukce zastřešení je z ocelových válcovaných I profilů kotvených do svislých stěn. Souvrství střechy na nosném trapézovém plechu s povlakovou hydroizolací z TPO fólie s přitížením praným říčním kačírkem. Objekt je založen na plošné základové desce o tloušťce 350 mm. Na pozemku bude vytvořena terasa kavárny pro sezónní provoz a malý lesopark s dětským hřištěm., The subject of the bachelor's thesis is the design of a new climbing center and the preparation of construction documentation. The building of the University Climbing Center in Pardubice is located on the southern side of the city of Pardubice, on the border of the Dukla housing estate. The construction is situated in a built-up area on flat terrain. It is a 4-story building in the form of an oval with one underground floor. The roof structure is mono-pitched with a coating of hydro insulation weighted down with washed river pebbles. The building is divided into 3 functional units. The main function of the building is served by the climbing wall, which is accessible from the underground floor and runs across all floors. The second above-ground floor houses a boulder wall with facilities, forming the second functional unit. The last third function consists of space for both trainees and the public on the first above-ground floor, where there is a reception with a rental service and a café with seating in a glazed arc space. The sports facility is designed for a total of 60 trainees. The building is designed with nearly zero energy consumption in a low-energy standard. The design also accounts for the use by persons with limited mobility and orientation. The structural system of the building is reinforced concrete monolithic. The vertical perimeter structures are reinforced concrete with a thickness of 200 mm with contact insulation ETICS with mineral wool boards with a thickness of 200 mm. Internal vertical and horizontal load-bearing structures are of reinforced concrete with varying thicknesses. The roof structure consists of steel rolled I profiles anchored to the vertical walls. The roof assembly is on a load-bearing trapezoidal sheet with a coating of hydro insulation made of TPO foil weighted down with washed river pebbles. The building is founded on a flat foundation slab with a thickness of 350 mm. A terrace for seasonal operation of the café and a small fore