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Coagulated protein obtained by alkali extraction and acid precipitation from the bone containing residues discarded after mechanical separation of chicken was textured by freezing in semi-infinite cylinders followed by heat-setting in a microwave oven. Macrophotography was used to illustrate textural differences resulting from pH variations (4.5-6.0) in the precipitated protein, and changes in the ambient temperature used for freezing (-5°C to -32°C). Well identified, permanent fibres were fanned by the process under all conditions studied. The thickness of the fibres decreased and their radial orientation increased with increasing pH and decreasing ambient temperature of freezing. Cross-linkages between parallel fibres of the main fibre structure were observed primarily as a function of pH, high pH samples showing the highest tendency for formation of these cross-links.

En el presente trabajo se describen someramente los principios generales de la fotografía y se describe en profundidad la macro fotografía aplicada a la obtención de imágenes fotográficas de calidad del ojo de los animales domésticos. Se clescriben los equipos, sistemas de iluminación y películas más adecuadas en opinión del autor. In this paper a brief description of the general principles of photography and a detailed report of macrophotography applied to the adquisition of quality photographs of the eye of domestic animals, is made. The apparatus, methods of illumination and films which in the author 's opinion are most adequate, are described.

El projecte tracta sobre la fotomacrografia, pertanyent al camp de la fotografia tècnico-científica. Amb l’objectiu de descriure un objecte a diferents nivells de detall (o augments), es realitzen fotografies d’apropament i fotomacrografies de les parts d’una Petúnia, iniciant amb la descripció de la mostra sencera fins al màxim detall assolible amb els equipaments disponibles.