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Self‐monitoring in tumor therapy is a concept that allows for real‐time monitoring of the location and state of applied nanomaterials. This monitoring relies on dynamic signals, such as wave or magnetic signals, which vary in response to changes in the location and state of nanomaterials. Dynamic changes in nanomaterials can be monitored using dynamic signals, making it possible to determine and control the treatment process. Theranostic nanomaterials, which possess unique physical and chemical properties, have recently been explored as a viable option for self‐monitoring. With the help of self‐monitoring, theranostic nanomaterials can guide themselves to achieve region‐selective treatment with higher controllability and safety. In this review, self‐monitoring theranostic nanomaterials will be introduced in three parts according to their roles during therapy: tumor accumulation, tumor therapy, and metabolism. The limitations and future challenges of current self‐monitoring theranostic nanomaterials will also be discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The spinning equipment for processing recycled fibrous materials and their technology characteristics were summarized. The overview of waste textiles was briefly introduced. The related resuing technology of waste textiles were sorted out, including physical recycling method, chemical recycling method, thermal energy recycling method and mechanical opening method. The spinning system, spinning equipment and its technology characteristics for processing recycled fibrous materials exhibited by Switzerland Rieter and Saurer in 2022 China International Textile Machinery Exhibition & ITMA Asia were emphatically summarized. It is considered that guiding and developing the reuse of waste textiles scientifically and orderly conforms to Chinese laws, regulations and development plans. The waste textiles after mechanical opening can reenter the spinning process to achieve its high value utilization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study evaluated 75 strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from traditional dairy products in western China for their probiotic properties. Among them, Limosilactobacillus fermentum WXZ 2-1, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum TXZ 2-35, Companilactobacillus crustorum QHS 9, and Companilactobacillus crustorum QHS 10 demonstrated potential probiotic characteristics. The antioxidant capacity of these 4 strains was assessed, revealing that L. fermentum WXZ 2-1 exhibited the highest antioxidant capacity. Furthermore, when cocultured with Streptococcus salivarius ssp. thermophilus and Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus , L. fermentum WXZ 2-1 demonstrated a synergistic effect in growth medium and goat milk. To explore its effect on goat milk fermentation, different amounts of L. fermentum WXZ 2-1 were added to goat milk, and its physicochemical properties, antioxidant activity, flavor substances, and metabolomics were analyzed. The study found that the incorporation of L. fermentum WXZ 2-1 in goat milk fermentation significantly improved the texture characteristics, antioxidant capacity, and flavor of fermented goat milk. These findings highlight the potential of L. fermentum WXZ 2-1 as a valuable probiotic strain for enhancing the functionality and desirability of fermented goat milk, contributing to the development of novel functional foods with improved health benefits and enhanced quality attributes. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diabetes is the most expensive chronic disease in the United States, and hospital inpatient care accounts for 30% of the total medical expenditures. Medical costs for people with limited resources are covered by Medicaid, a joint federal and state program, and its expansion that extent the coverage to those with incomes up to 138% of the federal poverty level. We investigated the impact of Medicaid expansion on diabetes hospitalizations by states and payer, among adults aged 19 to 64 years old, 5 years after the expansion. We found that Medicaid expansion decreased total diabetes hospitalization in most states and a diabetes hospitalization payer mix shifted from private insurance and uninsured to Medicaid. The percentage of diabetes hospitalizations paid by Medicaid increased by 11% (95% CI 7%, 16%), while the percentage paid by private insurance decreased by 6% (95% CI − 8%, − 3%) and the percentage of uninsured diabetes hospitalization decreased by 13% (95% CI − 18%, − 9%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Natural hybridization has played a significant role in the evolution of the genus Rosa. Kushui Rose (R. sertata × R. rugosa) is a natural hybrid of R. sertata and the cultivated rose R. rugosa. We conducted molecular sequence analysis and a morphological traits examination in the related taxa of the genus to test the hybrid origin of Kushui Rose. Although principal component analysis of the morphological characteristics revealed that Kushui Rose was intermediate between R. rugosa and R. willmottiae, and R. sertata, the unambiguous sequence additivities of the nuclear DNAs (ITS and GAPDH), as well as the incongruence between the nuclear and chloroplast gene trees, revealed that the hybrid origin of Kushui Rose was R. rugosa and R. willmottiae rather than R. sertata. Furthermore, the cluster relationships in the concatenated chloroplast (cpDNA) trees (psbA-trnH, trnL-F, and trnS-G) implied that R. willmottiae and R. rugosa acted as the maternal parent and the paternal parent, respectively, during homoploidization speciation. Here, our research provides a more reasonable orientation for further tracing the origin of this hybrid species and research on its horticultural traits with heterosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper adopts the 3-3-2 information processing method for the capture of moving objects as its premise, and proposes a basic principle of three-dimensional (3D) imaging using biological compound eye. Traditional bionic vision is limited by the available hardware. Therefore, in this paper, the new-generation technology of microlens-array light-field camera is proposed as a potential method for the extraction of depth information from a single image. A significant characteristic of light-field imaging is that it records intensity and directional information from the lights entering the camera. Herein, a refocusing method using light-field image is proposed. By calculating the focusing cost at different depths from the object, the imaging plane of the object is determined, and a depth map is constructed based on the position of the object’s imaging plane. Compared with traditional light-field depth estimation, the depth map calculated by this method can significantly improve resolution and does not depend on the number of light-field microlenses. In addition, considering that software algorithms rely on hardware structure, this study develops an imaging hardware that is only 7cm long based on the second-generation microlens camera’s structure, further validating its important refocusing characteristics. It thereby provides a technical foundation for 3D imaging with a single camera.

In a recent paper, Francis Y. Lin proposes a “memory-challenge” to two main interpretations of Wittgenstein’s private language argument: the “no-criterion-of-correctness” interpretation and the “no-stage-setting” interpretation. According to Lin, both camps of interpretation fail to explain why a private language is impossible within a short time period. To answer the “memory-challenge”, Lin motivates a grammatical interpretation of the private language argument. In this paper, I provide a critical discussion of Lin’s objection to these interpretations and argue that Lin’s objection fails. In the case of the “no-stage-setting” interpretation, Lin suggests that the private language user can establish a stage within a short time period. However, I show that this stage is insufficient for a private language to be used correctly. In the case of the “no-criterion-of-correctness” interpretation, Lin believes that since memory is reliable within a short period, no criterion is needed for the correct use of a private language. However, I argue that his objection attacks a strawman, since the interpretation concerns the structure of justification, rather than the weakness of memory itself. I conclude with a critical discussion on memory and primitive expressions, the latter of which are crucial to Wittgenstein’s approach to public language. This discussion will help to draw a sharp line between private language and public language, and cast some doubt on Lin’s grammatical interpretation.