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This study retrieved Croci Stigma related literature from CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, and Web of Science database, and used bibliometrics and CiteSpace 6.1.R2 software to analyze the published Croci Stigma related articles in Chinese and English from 2000 to 2022. The authors, research institutions, and keywords were visualized and analyzed, and the current status and development trend of Croci Stigma research was summarized by combining the information extraction methods. A total of 1 846 Chinese articles and 2 703 English articles were screened out and included. The results showed a generally steady increase in the number of Croci Stigma related articles. The results of the visualization analysis showed that there were more collaborations between researcher teams and major research institutions in English articles than Chinese articles. The Chinese articles was mainly published by China Pharmaceutical University, and most of the inter-institutional collaborations occurred in neighboring regions. The English articles was mainly published by Iranian institutions, and most of the cooperation occurred within the country, with less transnational cooperation. Keywords analysis showed that the research on Croci Stigma was mainly focused on chemical compositions, pharmacological effects, mechanisms, quality control, etc. It was predicted that the future research hotspots of Croci Stigma would mainly focus on pharmacological mechanism and clinical efficacy. The current research related to Croci Stigma still needs to be developed, cooperation should be strengthened, and more in-depth research should be conducted.

Objectives: To study the association of the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the adenylyl cyclase IX ( ADCY9 ) gene at rs1967309, rs2230739, rs2601814, rs2601825, rs2601796, and rs2283497 loci and gene-environment interaction with childhood bronchial asthma (asthma for short)., Methods: A total of 123 children with asthma who attended the hospital from March 2019 to September 2021 were enrolled as the asthma group, among whom 84 (68.3%) had mild-to-moderate attacks and 39 (31.7%) had severe attacks. A total of 124 healthy children were enrolled as the control group. The association of the SNPs and haplotypes of the ADCY9 gene at the above 6 loci with the susceptibility to childhood asthma was evaluated. The method of generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction was used to analyze gene-environment interaction., Results: Polymorphisms were observed for the ADCY9 gene at the above six loci in both the asthma and control groups, and there were significant differences in genotype and allele frequencies at the rs1967309 locus between the two groups ( P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the distribution frequency of haplotypes TA and GG between the asthma and control groups ( P >0.05). The generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction analysis showed interaction between rs1967309 locus and allergen contact ( P <0.05), which increased the risk of asthma ( OR =1.585, P <0.05)., Conclusions: The rs1967309 locus of the ADCY9 gene is associated with the susceptibility to childhood asthma, and the locus and allergen contact have a synergistic effect on the development of asthma.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the location characteristics of cystic lesions in a three-dimensional context and discuss the mechanism of formation., Methods: A total of 155 femoral head computed tomography images from 94 patients diagnosed with stage II and III osteonecrosis of the femoral head were retrospectively reviewed. Three-dimensional structures of the femoral head including the cystic lesions and necrotic area were reconstructed. We divided each femoral head into eight regions to observe the positional relationship of the cystic lesions, normal areas, and necrotic areas., Results: The regional distribution revealed 14 (13%), 35 (32%), 9 (8%), 25 (23%), 6 (6%), 15 (14%), 4 (4%), and 0 (0%) cystic lesions in regions Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ, Ⅴ, Ⅵ, Ⅶ, and Ⅷ, respectively. The anteromedial zone, A (Ⅰ ​+ ​Ⅲ), contained 22% of the lesions, anterolateral zone, B (Ⅱ ​+ ​Ⅳ), contained 54%, posteromedial zone, C (Ⅴ +Ⅶ), contained 9% of the lesions, and posterolateral zone, D (Ⅵ ​+ ​Ⅷ), contained 15% of the lesions. Most of the cystic lesions (78%) were located between the normal and necrotic areas; 18% of cystic lesions were in the necrotic area ​and 4% were in the normal area., Conclusions: Cystic lesions most often occur at the junction of the necrotic ​and normal areas and are most commonly located in the anterolateral femoral head, which is similar to the distribution of the stress concentration region., The Translational Potential of This Article: The study showed the location characteristics of cystic lesions in osteonecrosis of femoral head, which suggested that the formation of cystic lesions may be related to stress and could accelerate the collapse of femoral head. The results can support further research on cystic lesions and provide a reference for doctors' treatment strategies for patients with osteonecrosis of femoral head., Competing Interests: The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose in relation to this article., (© 2019 The Authors.)

This paper is devoted to exploring a diffusive predator-prey system with prey refuge and predator cannibalism. We investigate dynamics of this system, including dissipation and persistence, local and global stability of constant steady states, Turing instability, and nonexistence and existence of nonconstant steady state solutions. The influence of prey refuge and predator cannibalism on predator and prey biomass density is also considered by using a systematic sensitivity analysis. Our studies suggest that appropriate predator cannibalism has a positive effect on predator biomass density, and then high predator cannibalism may stabilize the predator-prey ecosystem and prevent the paradox of enrichment.

Pulmonary hypertension is characterized by extensive vascular remodelling, leading to increased pulmonary vascular resistance and eventual death due to right heart failure. The pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension involves vascular endothelial dysfunction and disordered vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation and migration, but the exact processes remain unknown. Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive lysophospholipid involved in a wide spectrum of biological processes. S1P has been shown to regulate VSMC proliferation and migration and vascular tension via a family of five S1P G-protein-coupled receptors (S1P1-SIP5). S1P has been shown to have both a vasoconstrictive and vasodilating effect. The S1P receptors S1P1 and S1P3 promote, while S1P2 inhibits VSMC proliferation and migration in vitro in response to S1P. Moreover, it has been reported recently that sphingosine kinase 1 and S1P2 inhibitors might be useful therapeutic agents in the treatment of empirical pulmonary hypertension. The sphingosine kinase 1/S1P signalling pathways may play a role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension. Modulation of this pathway may offer novel therapeutic strategies.

Objective: To investigate the off-label use of oral glucocorticoids in outpatients., Methods: The information of outpatient glucocorticoids prescriptions from January 1st to June 30th in 2012 were collected from the information system in our hospital, then the software of Excel was employed to statistically analyze the data including the amount of drugs used in different departments,as well as the age, sex, and diagnosis of the patients. The diagnoses were compared with those included in the labels approved by China Food and Drug Administration and US Food and Drug Administration and domestic and foreign guidelines., Results: It was found that 16.53% of the cases were off-label use,and dexamethasone had the highest proportion (60.50%) of off-label use. Most of the off-label use had evidence support, such as multiple myeloma and myasthenia gravis, while some cases did not, such as epilepsy and sudden deafness., Conclusion: The management of off-label use should be further strengthened to promote the safe and rational use of glucocorticoids.

Mesoporous activated carbons containing acidic groups were prepared with cotton stalk based fiber as raw materials and H3PO4 as activating agent by one step carbonization method. Effects of impregnation ratio, carbonization temperature and heat preservation time on the yield, elemental composition, oxygen-containing acid functional groups and adsorptive capacity of activated carbon were studied. The adsorption capacity of the prepared activated carbon AC-01 for p-nitroaniline and Pb(II) was studied, and the adsorption mechanism was also suggested according to the equilibrium experimental results. The maximum yield of activated carbons prepared from cotton stalk fiber reached 35.5% when the maximum mesoporous volume and BET surface area were 1.39 cm3 x g(-1) and 1 731 m2 x g(-1), respectively. The activated carbon AC-01 prepared under a H3 PO4/precursor ratio of 3:2 and activated at 900 degrees C for 90 min had a total pore volume of 1.02 cm3 x g(-1), a micoporous ratio of 31%, and a mesoporous ratio of 65%. The pore diameter of the mesoporous activated carbon was mainly distributed in the range of 2-5 nm. The Langmuir maximum adsorption capacities of Pb(II) and p-nitroaniline on cotton stalk fiber activated carbon were 123 mg x g(-1) and 427 mg x g(-1), respectively, which were both higher than those for commercial activated carbon fiber ACF-CK. The equilibrium adsorption experimental data showed that mesopore and oxygen-containing acid functional groups played an important role in the adsorption.