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Background: You Only Look Once version 5 (YOLOv5), a one-stage deep-learning (DL) algorithm for object detection and classification, offers high speed and accuracy for identifying targets. Purpose: To investigate the feasibility of using the YOLOv5 algorithm to non-invasively distinguish between aldosterone-producing adenomas (APAs) and non-functional adrenocortical adenomas (NF-ACAs) on computed tomography (CT) images. Material and Methods: A total of 235 patients who were diagnosed with ACAs between January 2011 and July 2022 were included in this study. Of the 215 patients, 81 (37.7%) had APAs and 134 (62.3%) had NF-ACAs' they were randomly divided into either the training set or the validation set at a ratio of 9:1. Another 20 patients, including 8 (40.0%) with APA and 12 (60.0%) with NF-ACA, were collected for the testing set. Five submodels (YOLOv5n, YOLOv5s, YOLOv5m, YOLOv5l, and YOLOv5x) of YOLOv5 were trained and evaluated on the datasets. Results: In the testing set, the mAP_0.5 value for YOLOv5x (0.988) was higher than the values for YOLOv5n (0.969), YOLOv5s (0.965), YOLOv5m (0.974), and YOLOv5l (0.983). The mAP_0.5:0.95 value for YOLOv5x (0.711) was also higher than the values for YOLOv5n (0.587), YOLOv5s (0.674), YOLOv5m (0.671), and YOLOv5l (0.698) in the testing set. The inference speed of YOLOv5n was 2.4 ms in the testing set, which was the fastest among the five submodels. Conclusion: The YOLOv5 algorithm can accurately and efficiently distinguish between APAs and NF-ACAs on CT images, especially YOLOv5x has the best identification performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eco-friendly cellulosic fibers-based triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are enormously and increasingly demanded for self-powered flexible electronics. However, under high moisture conditions (e.g. sweat, sailing and rain day), the mechanical behaviors of hydrophilic paper were severely reduced due to the weak wet strength and the cellulosic paper-based sensors were easily destroyed under external force, leading to the device failure and invalid signal acquisition. Herein, an industrial-friendly polyethylenimine (PEI)-assisted pulping strategy was developed to produce advanced cellulosic papers, which possessed reinforced wet strength and tribopositive performance. During pulping procedure, the cationic PEI molecules could be quickly in situ bonded onto the surface of fibers under electrostatic interaction and the interfacial interaction between fibers was significantly enhanced through the formation of hydrogen bonds between the amino groups on PEI and the hydroxyl groups on cellulose fibers. The wet strength was significantly enhanced from 1.93 MPa for pristine paper to 8.33 MPa for cellulose/PEI 1.5% with an enhancement of 4.32 times. Moreover, originating from the enhanced dielectric behaviors upon the introduction of PEI, the optimized cellulose/PEI 1.5% TENG delivered the maximum V OC of 157.3 V, I SC of 3.47 μA, Q SC of 42.73 nC and instantaneously maximum power density of 145.93 mW·m−2. Our findings proposed a new perspective for fabricating high-performance tribopositive cellulosic materials that withstand high humid conditions. [Display omitted] • Robust cellulosic materials under high moisture condition was fabricated. • The wet strength of celluosic paper was enhanced 4.32 times. • The maximum power density of 145.93 mW·m−2 can be achieved. • Sensor can stably work under 80% RH. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of double perovskite (Gd1−xTbx)2MgTiO6 (x = 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4) phosphors were successfully synthesized by solid-state reaction method. The A-site in the host is occupied by two Gd3+ ions, which facilitates the doping of Tb3+ ions. The crystal structure, morphology and luminescence performance were evaluated by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, photoluminescence and calculation of CIE color coordinates. A weak emission peak (5D4–7F6, 490 nm) and a strong emission peak (5D4–7F5, 545 nm) existed in the emission spectra under 313 nm excitation. The quenching concentration of Tb3+ reached up to 20.0 mol% was observed in Gd1.8Tb0.2MgTiO6 phosphors. In order to explore the potential application of Gd2−2xMgTiO6:xTb3+ phosphors in white LED solid-state lighting, the fluorescence decay curves and thermal stability were carried out. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Healthcare in fog computing is a novel topic in recent year. With the development of technology, it is a pressing issue to accomplish the secure healthcare in fog computing. Moreover, how to ensure the security and efficiency of the transmission healthcare data in open channel is a challenge to be solved. In this paper, a lightweight authentication and matrix-based key agreement scheme is proposed to support the communication of multi parties in fog computing. On the one hand, the lightweight authentication technology is needed to verify the identity of multi-parties that assure the facticity of communication parties in the open channel. On the other hand, using the matrix-based key agreement technology encrypts the healthcare data and uploads to the cloud server with the aid of the doubly-linked cyclic (DLC) tables. The security analysis shows that the proposed scheme is secure to transmit the data for healthcare. The performance analysis shows that the proposed scheme reduces the communication cost. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The involvement of NLRP3 inflammasome is associated with the progress of numerous inflammatory conditions. However, there is currently no single compound used in the clinic. Search for the inhibitor of NLRP3 inflammasome from natural products is an attractive direction. The compound Helenin (Hel), which is obtained from Inula helenium L., is reported to have anti-inflammatory activities. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms and specific inflammatory signal pathway remains not well understood. This research aims to determine the impacts of Hel on NLRP3 inflammasome and the underlying mechanism involved, meanwhile also assessing its potential as a therapeutic intervention for inflammatory diseases mediated by NLRP3 overactivation. Pretreated with Hel in BMDMs (bone marrow-derived macrophages), then stimulated with NLRP3 triggers and measured the expression of active caspase-1 and interleukin 1β (IL-1β). Determination of intracellular K+ and Ca2+, ASC oligomerization and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) production were employed to explore the preliminary mechanism of Hel on NLRP3 activation. Subsequently, Co-immunoprecipitation was used to investigate protein-protein interaction and reduction of covalent bonds of Hel was to explore the binding mode between drugs and proteins. Finally, in vivo experiments, we utilized mouse lethal sepsis and monosodium urate(MSU)-induced peritonitis models to evaluate the effectiveness of Hel in inhibiting inflammatory diseases. The findings revealed that Hel exhibited a specific blocking effect on NLRP3, with no impact on the assembly of NLRC4 and AIM2 inflammasome. Through the analysis of mechanisms targeting key upstream factors in NLRP3 activation, Hel inhibited NLRP3-dependent ASC oligomerization but did not regulating inflammasome priming, K+ efflux, Ca2+ influx, or mitochondrial damage and mtROS. Moreover, Hel effectively interrupted the binding of NEK7-NLRP3, which was dependent on the active double C=C of the α,β-unsaturated carbonyl units in Hel. In mouse models, Hel showed promising therapeutic effects in the treatment of NLRP3 overactivation-associated diseases, including the lethal sepsis and acute systemic inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and peritonitis induced by MSU. Our results indicate that Hel dependent α,β-unsaturated carbonyl units interrupt the formation of the NLRP3-NEK7 interaction, thereby blocks the inflammasome assemblage and activation. These fundings would suggest that Hel is a promising inhibitor for treating diseases driven by NLRP3 overactivation. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Compound 7–16 was designed and synthesized in our previous study and was identified as a more potential selective 5-HT2A receptor antagonist and inverse agonist for treating Parkinson's disease psychosis (PDP). Then, the metabolism, disposition, and excretion properties of 7–16 and its potential inhibition on transporters were investigated in this study to highlight advancements in the understanding of its therapeutic mechanisms. The results indicate that a total of 10 metabolites of 7–16/[14C]7–16 were identified and determined in five species of liver microsomes and in rats using UPLC-Q Exactive high-resolution mass spectrometry combined with radioanalysis. Metabolites formed in human liver microsomes could be covered by animal species. 7–16 is mainly metabolized through mono-oxidation (M470-2) and N-demethylation (M440), and the CYP3A4 isozyme was responsible for both metabolic reactions. Based on the excretion data in bile and urine, the absorption rate of 7–16 was at least 74.7%. 7–16 had weak inhibition on P-glycoprotein and no effect on the transport activity of OATP1B1, OATP1B3, OAT1, OAT3, and OCT2 transporters. The comprehensive pharmacokinetic properties indicate that 7–16 deserves further development as a new treatment drug for PDP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]