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The asymmetric carbenoid C-H insertion of 3-diazooxindoles into 1,4-cyclohexadiene has been accomplished in the presence of chiral bis-(imidazoline) NCN pincer iridium(III) complexes as the catalysts. With a catalyst loading of 0.5 mol%, the reactions proceeded smoothly at 0 °C to afford a variety of chiral 3-substituted oxindoles in good yields with moderate to excellent enantioselectivities (up to 99% ee). The protocol exhibits good functional group tolerance with respect to 3-diazooxindoles and is readily scaled up to 2 mmol scale without any loss in activity and enantioselectivity. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations have been performed to better understand the reaction mechanism and to explain the stereochemical outcome of the reactions.

Abstract: Gastric cancer is one of the most common and highest mortality rate cancers in the world. Exosomes are vesicles secreted by cells carrying different types of molecules, such as protein and RNA. Numerous studies have confirmed that exosomes are involved in various stages of the occurrence and development of gastric cancer and play an important role. With the gradual development, exosomes have been widely employed in the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer. In this review, we have provided a basic overview of exosome, and discussed the role of exosome in the occurrence, proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance in gastric cancer. In addition, we have emphasized the bright development prospect of exosome in the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer. The data on the discovery, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of gastric cancer are not particularly optimistic, but the discovery of exosome, applied in diagnosis and treatment, provides a new and effective way to improve the survival rate of patients with gastric cancer.

Sirtuins (SIRT) exhibit deacetylation or ADP-ribosyltransferase activity and regulate a wide range of cellular processes in the nucleus, mitochondria and cytoplasm. The role of the only sirtuin that resides in the cytoplasm, SIRT2, in the development of heart failure (HF) and cardiac hypertrophy is not known. In this paper, we show that the hearts of mice with deletion ofSirt2(Sirt2-/-) display improved cardiac function after ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) and pressure overload (PO), suggesting that SIRT2 exerts maladaptive effects in the heart in response to stress. Similar results were obtained in mice with cardiomyocyte-specificSirt2deletion. Mechanistic studies suggest that SIRT2 modulates cellular levels and activity of nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (NRF2), which results in reduced expression of antioxidant proteins. Deletion ofNrf2in the hearts ofSirt2-/-mice reversed protection after PO. Finally, treatment of mouse hearts with a specific SIRT2 inhibitors reduces cardiac size and attenuates cardiac hypertrophy in response to PO. These data indicate that SIRT2 has detrimental effects in the heart and plays a role in the progression of HF and cardiac hypertrophy, which makes this protein a unique member of the SIRT family. Additionally, our studies provide a novel approach for treatment of cardiac hypertrophy by targeting SIRT2 pharmacologically, providing a novel avenue for the treatment of this disorder.

Background Many data suggest that the sucrose non-fermenting 1-related kinases 2 (SnRK2s) are very important to abiotic stress for plants. In rice, these kinases are known as osmotic stress/ABA–activated protein kinases (SAPKs). Osmotic stress/ABA–activated protein kinase 3 (OsSAPK3) is a member of SnRK2II in rice, but its function is still unclear. Results The expression of OsSAPK3 was up regulated by drought, NaCl, PEG and ABA. OsSAPK3 mutated seedings (sapk3-1 and sapk3-2) showed reduced hypersensitivity to exogenous ABA. In addition, under drought conditions, sapk3-1 and sapk3-2 showed more intolerance to drought, including decreased survival rate, increased water loss rate, increased stomatal conductance and significantly decreased expression levels of SLAC1 and SLAC7. Physiological and metabolic analyses showed that OsSAPK3 might play an important role in drought stress signaling pathway by affecting osmotic adjustment and osmolytes, ROS detoxification and expression of ABA dependent and independent dehydration-responsive genes. All gronomic traits analyses demonstrated that OsSAPK3 could improve rice yield by affecting the regulation of tiller numbers and grain size. Conclusion OsSAPK3 plays an important role in both ABA-dependent and ABA-independent drought stress responses. More interestingly, OsSAPK3 could improve rice yield by indirectly regulating tiller number and grain size. These findings provide new insight for the development of drought-resistant rice.

Background Microfibrillar-associated protein (MFAP4), initially identified as an extracellular matrix protein, has been demonstrated in multiple human disorders, but it is yet to be discovered following acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in clinical practice. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between circulating MFAP4 levels and coronary stenosis in ACS. Methods We performed the study in 148 ACS subjects, including 75 ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), 27 non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (non-STEMI) and 46 unstable angina (UA). Clinical variables were collected and Gensini and Syntax stenosis scoring systems were applied to assess the severity of coronary stenosis. Kaplan–Meier and logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the relationship between MFAP4 and the severity of coronary stenosis or ACS outcomes. Spearman analysis was used to describe the correlation between MFAP4 and clinical parameters. Results Circulating MFAP4 levels were significantly decreased in the STEMI group (0.008 ng/ml) compared with the non-STEMI group (0.014 ng/ml) and UA group (0.019 ng/ml) (p p = 0.026). MFAP4 level was negatively correlated with Gensini score and Syntax score (r = − 0.311 and − 0.211, p n = 60) and the high-MFAP4 group (≥ 0.117 ng/ml, n = 88). After the median follow-up of 165 days, Kaplan–Meier survival analysis revealed that the MACE-free rate was significantly lower in ACS patients with lower MFAP4 levels (p = 0.009). Conclusions MFAP4 has a potential as a biomarker for the degree of coronary stenosis in ACS. Confirmation of observations in larger cohorts and longer follow-up periods is warranted.

In recent years, functional fluidic and gas electrohydrodynamic (EHD) pumps have received considerable attention due to their remarkable features, such as simple structure, quiet operation, and energy-efficient utilization. EHD pumps can be applied in various industrial applications, including flow transfer, thermal management, and actuator drive. In this paper, the authors reviewed the literature surrounding functional fluidic and gas EHD pumps regarding the following aspects: the initial observation of the EHD effect, mathematical modeling, and the choice of pump structure, electrode configuration, and working medium. Based on the review, we present a summary of the development and latest research on EHD pumps. This paper provides a critical analysis of the current limitations of EHD pumps and identifies potential areas for future research. Additionally, the potential application of artificial intelligence in the field of EHD pumps is discussed in the context of its cross-disciplinary nature. Many reviews on EHD pumps focus on rigid pumps, and the contribution of this review is to summarize and analyze soft EHD pumps that have received less attention, thus reducing the knowledge gap.

Herein, we developed a novel fluorescent assay using spherical identification probes and toehold-mediated strand displacement reaction-initiated silver nanoclusters (AgNCs) "on-off" signal switch. In this strategy, the target was captured by the spherical probes to induce the activity of exonuclease III (Exo III), catalyzing the cyclic cleavage of substrates to produce a mass of trigger strands. After magnetic bead separation, the intermediates in the supernatant activated downstream toehold-mediated strand displacement reaction to change the structure of silver nanocluster templates, leading to fluorescence intensity reduction. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that the application of spherical identification probes could reduce the signal leakage and the limit of detection. In addition, AgNCs with perfect optical property were ingeniously combined to realize signal output, which reduced the cost and time of synthesis. Under the optimal conditions, the sensing method displayed a good linear range from 250 pM to 25 nM with a detectable minimum concentration of 250 pM. And the practical application potential in complex biological matrices was also evaluated. Considering these advantages, this constructed strategy opens a new path for nucleic acid detection with better performance. A simple, label- and hairpin-free fluorescent system based on spherical identification probe and toehold-mediated strand displacement reaction-initiated silver nanoclusters (AgNCs) "on-off" signal switch was successfully constructed to detect target DNA.

Background An increasing prevalence of mental disorders (MDs) has been reported among children and adolescents. However, only few studies have conducted ocular examinations, including those on refractive status, in these groups of patients. Thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the refractive status and ocular findings in children and adolescents with MDs compared with matched controls with similar socioeconomic backgrounds. Methods A total of 178 participants with MDs and 200 controls were recruited between April 2021 and May 2022. All the children and adolescents underwent cycloplegic or noncycloplegic autorefraction and retinoscopy, slit-lamp biomicroscopy, and dilated fundus examinations. Ocular alignment was assessed using Hirschberg, Krimsky, or prism cover tests. The prevalence of refractive errors and ocular findings was the main outcome. Results Twenty-seven percent of patients with MDs and 8% of controls had ocular findings, the most common of which were conjunctivitis, keratitis, and trichiasis. For refractive status, 70% (124/178) of patients with MDs had myopia ≤-1.00 DS, and 2% (4/178) had hyperopia ≥+2.00 DS. In the control group, 70% (140/200) of patients had myopia ≤-1.00 DS, and 1% (2/200) had hyperopia ≥+2.00 DS. No differences were observed between the MD and control groups. However, the patients in the MD group (14.25±2.69 years) were significantly more susceptible to strabismus (PPPPPPPP Conclusion Ophthalmological examinations should be performed in children and adolescents with MDs because MDs are associated with a high prevalence of refractive errors and ocular diseases. Detection and intervention of ocular and refractive findings in children and adolescents with MDs are necessary and effective in alleviating the economic burden in healthcare and improving individuals' quality of life

Human pose estimation (HPE) is a research hotspot in the field of computer vision. Most of the existing approaches first generate low-resolution representation from high-resolution representation through continuous serial downsampling, and then reconstruct high-resolution results from low-resolution features through continuous serial upsampling, which loses a lot of effective feature information and leads to slow model inference. In this paper, the Fast Accuracy Network (FANet), a framework that enables fast and high-accuracy HPE, is proposed. The innovation lies in that, first of all, a grid structure is proposed and adopted, which can be regarded as a set of deep paths and shallow paths. The structure uses multiple high-resolution and low-resolution branch pairs to perform skip-level connections at different scale-space levels so that the information can be exchanged between different resolution representations for many times. The feature information fusion of multi-scale space is realized to obtain more abundant feature information. Second, an improved bottleneck block is proposed to extract effective feature information with fewer parameters, ensuring that the computational burden is reduced without sacrificing accuracy performance. The experimental results show that, compared with other current models, FANet has faster inference speed on the premise of a slight improvement in accuracy performance.

This paper introduces the notion of depth with respect to ideals for unbounded DG-modules, and gives a reduction formula and the local nature of this depth. As applications, we provide several bounds of the depth in special cases, and recover and generalize the known results about the depth of complexes. In addition, the width with respect to ideals for unbounded DG-modules is investigated and the depth and width formulas for DG-modules are generalized.

Though the retrogradation property as affected by starch fine molecular structures has been widely investigated, it remains largely unexplored how concurrent starch structures and storage conditions e.g. temperature tailor the starch retrogradation property. The amylopectin long-term retrogradation for 8 different rice starches with a broad range of amylose content was thus investigated under different storage temperatures. Results showed that gelatinized starch stored at -20 °C generally had a narrower melting temperature range from differential scanning calorimetry, while larger cells and thicker cell walls in the gel matrix than that stored at 4 °C. Different linear correlations were found between starch fine molecular structures and amylopectin retrogradation parameters when starch was stored under different temperatures. For example, the melting enthalpy of retrograded starch double helices was negatively correlated with the amount of amylose intermediate chains at 4 °C, while positively correlated with the relative length of amylopectin short chains at -20 °C. Under both temperatures, rice starch R250 had the highest retrogradation enthalpy. These results could help the rice industry improve both the nutritional and textural attributes of cooked rice by selecting starch with desirable molecular structures and optimizing the storage conditions for rice after cooking.

Buccal midazolam treatment is licensed in the European Union for prolonged acute convulsive seizures in children and adolescents, but the buccal pathway is often hampered by jaw clenching, hypersalivation, or uncontrolled swallowing. Midazolam formulations that are more secure, reliable, and faster for use are needed in the acute setting. Pharmacokinetics and comparative bioavailability of intranasally administered midazolam and two midazolam intravenous solutions administered buccally or intravenously in healthy adults were evaluated.In this phase 1, open-label, randomized, single-dose, three-period, three-sequence crossover study, 12 healthy adults (19-41 years) were randomly assigned to receive 2.5 mg midazolam intranasally; 2.5 mg midazolam intravenously; 2.5 mg midazolam buccally. Blood samples were collected for 10 h post dose to determine pharmacokinetic profiles. Adverse events and vital signs were recorded.Intranasal administration of 2.5 mg midazolam demonstrated a more rapid median time to CIntranasal administration of midazolam may be a preferable alternative to the currently approve buccal midazolam treatment for prolonged acute convulsive seizures in children and adolescents.This study is registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial [ http://www.chictr.org.cn ] (ChiCTR2000032595) on 3 May, 2020.

Objectives To evaluate the safety and efficacy of high-dose amoxicillin-proton pump inhibitor dual therapy, and to provide a new eradication regimen as a first-line option for patients with H. pylori infection. Methods A total of 971 H. pylori positive patients who received initial treatment were recruited from March to August 2020, and randomly divided into treatment group and control group. The treatment group received of 20 mg esomeprazole four times daily and 750 mg amoxicillin four times daily for 14 days. Control group received of 220 mg bismuth potassium citrate twice daily, 20 mg esomeprazole twice daily, 1000 mg amoxicillin twice daily and 250 mg clarithromycin capsule twice daily for 14 days. Four weeks after the end of treatment, the urea breath test was reviewed to detect whether H. pylori was eradicated. Results There were no statistical differences in age, gender, the total clinical symptom scores before and after initial treatment, the compliance, and the degree of remission of symptoms before and after initial treatment between the two groups. The eradication rates of H. pylori between dual therapy and quadruple therapy were 88.31% and 85.26% (p=.158) by intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis, 88.66% and 85.44% (p=.186) by modified intention-to-treat (mITT) analysis, and 91.63% and 90.60% (p=.116) by PP analysis, respectively. Adverse events in dual therapy group were significantly lower than quadruple therapy group (13.3% vs. 28.2% (p

The continuous breaking and reforming of VO4 tetrahedra in scheelite BiVO4 is mainly affected by the acceptor dopant size.

This review systematically summarizes the C18-diterpenoid alkaloid (DA) compositions isolated from the genera Aconitum and Delphinium in the Delphineae tribe (Ranunculaceae).

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have developed rapidly and achieved power conversion efficiencies (PCE) of over 25% with diverse technical routes.

To verify whether mesenchymal stem cells cocultured with tanshinone IIA may ameliorate Alzheimer's disease by inhibiting oxidative stress.Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 groups named Sham, Aβ25-35, mesenchymal stem cells, and mesenchymal stem cells (tanshinone IIA). The rats were treated according to different groups. The neurobehavioral performance of Sprague-Dawley rats was evaluated via Morris water maze test. Histological changes were checked via hematoxylin-eosin staining. The levels of total antioxidant activity (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) and malondialdehyde in hippocampus were assayed by ELISA kit. The levels of Aβ, p-tau/tau, and p-AMP-activated protein kinase/AMP-activated protein kinase in hippocampus were checked by Western blot.Our research showed that the injection of mesenchymal stem cells (tanshinone IIA) into the hippocampus alleviated learning and memory deficits and reduced hippocampal neuronal injury in the Alzheimer's disease rats. Moreover, mesenchymal stem cells (tanshinone IIA) treatment suppressed oxidative stress, attenuated Aβ accumulation reduced Tau hyperphosphorylation, and enhanced the activity of AMP-activated protein kinase in the hippocampus of the Alzheimer's disease rats. However, there were almost no significant difference between the mesenchymal stem cells and Aβ25-35 groups.Mesenchymal stem cells (tanshinone IIA) transplantation may be a potential treatment for curing Alzheimer's disease, which may be related to the inhibition of oxidative stress.

Objectives To develop and validate a general radiomics nomogram capable of identifying EGFR mutation status in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, regardless of patient with either contrast-enhanced CT (CE-CT) or non-contrast-enhanced CT (NE-CT). Methods A total of 412 NSCLC patients were retrospectively enrolled in this study. Patients’ radiomics features not significantly different between NE-CT and CE-CT were defined as general features, and were further used to construct the general radiomics signature. Fivefold cross-validation was used to select the best machine learning algorithm. Finally, a general radiomics nomogram was developed using general radiomics signature, and clinical and radiological characteristics. Two groups of data collected at different time periods were used as two test sets to access the discrimination and clinical usefulness. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC-AUC) was applied to performance evaluation. Result The general radiomics signature yielded the highest AUC of 0.756 and 0.739 in the two test sets, respectively. When applying to same type of CT, the performance of general radiomics signature was always similar to or higher than that of models built using only NE-CT or CE-CT features. The general radiomics nomogram combining general radiomics signature, smoking history, emphysema, and ILD achieved higher performance whether applying to NE-CT or CE-CT (test set 1, AUC = 0.833 and 0.842; test set 2, AUC = 0.839 and 0.850). Conclusions Our work demonstrated that using general features to construct radiomics signature and nomogram could help identify EGFR mutation status of NSCLC patients and expand its scope of clinical application. Key Points • General features were proposed to construct general radiomics signature using different types of CT of different patients at the same time to identify EGFR mutation status of NSCLC patients. • The general radiomics nomogram based on general radiomics signature, and clinical and radiological characteristics could identify EGFR mutation status of patients with NSCLC and outperformed the general radiomics signature. • The general radiomics nomogram had a wider scope of clinical application; no matter which of NE-CT and CE-CT the patient has, its EGFR mutation status could be predicted.

The development of digital economy affects environmental pollution emission and green sustainable development. However, the relationship between digital economy and industrial wastewater discharge has rarely been examined. This study establishes the urban digital economy evaluation index system, measures the digital economy indexes of 281 prefecture-level cities in China from 2011 to 2016, and examines the impact effect of digital economy development on industrial wastewater discharge using the system generalized method of moment method and the intermediary effects model. The empirical results indicate that the digital economy reduces the industrial wastewater discharge. As evidence shows, the digital economy significantly promotes the upgrading of industrial structure, which is an important factor affecting the industrial wastewater discharge. Additionally, the inhibiting effect of digital economy on industrial wastewater discharge is more significant in big cities. This study provides a scientific base and guidance for reducing environmental pollution emissions and promoting the development of digital economy.

Purpose In the recent decade, social media popularity and growth have boosted the development of social commerce (SC). This study aims to explore the significant impact of guanxi (关系) elements (ganqing 感情, renqing 人情 and xinren 信任) on online purchase intentions. Furthermore, this study investigated the moderating role of social support between electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM) and online purchase intentions. Design/methodology/approach An online survey was conducted on 309 consumers who had online purchasing experience through WeChat, a famous social media application in China. Structural equational modeling was used to test all hypotheses. Findings The results indicate that guanxi elements are positively related to eWOM, affective attitude and online purchase intentions in SC. Additionally, social support has a significant moderating role between eWOM intention and online purchase intention. Practical implications Considering the effects of guanxi elements on eWOM affective attitude and online purchase intention in Chinese SC, online retailers are advised to carefully develop their marketing strategies to retain and attract new consumers. Furthermore, online retailers can use the findings from this study to understand the consequences when online purchase intention is strongly influenced by guanxi elements. Originality/value This research extends the current literature by applying the notion of guanxi components to the sense of SC and relating the notion of guanxi components and consumer decisions. The results show an understanding of the reality by which guanxi elements may affect the intention of eWOM sharing and boost online purchase intention.

Let a,b be two ideals of a commutative noetherian ring R. The concept of a b-filter depth of a on an arbitrary R-complex M, f-depth(b,a,M), is introduced and several characterizations via RHom, Kos...

B-site deficient eight-layer hexagonal perovskites possess in general high quality factors and large positive temperature coefficients of resonant frequency (τf). Recently we successfully lowered τf of shifted perovskite Ba8CoNb6O24 down to near zero through one-third Ta5+ substitution but raised the cost of the materials. In this work, Ba8CoNb6O24 was doped with cheaper elements Sb5+ on Nb5+ sites using conventional solid-state reactions, and near-zero τf of 0.66(2) ppm/°C, modest er of 27.99(3), Q × f of 1.016(6) × 104 GHz, and significantly reduced cost of the ceramics were achieved on the composition Ba8CoNb5.4Sb0.6O24. The lower polarizability of Sb5+ than Nb5+ results in smaller er and therefore τf values. About 15 % Sb5+ substitution for Nb5+ in Ba8CoNb6-xSbxO24 dramatically transforms the shifted structure to twinned structure, in contrast with 50 % Ta5+ substitution in the Ta5+ case. This is ascribed to reduced SOJT effects and ionic size of d10 Sb5+ compared with d° Nb5+ and Ta5+.

Let [Formula: see text] be a commutative noetherian non-positive DG-ring, [Formula: see text] an ideal of [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text]. In this paper, we introduce the notion of cohomological dimension of DG-modules and investigate the interplay between [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. It is shown that [Formula: see text] for any [Formula: see text]. As an application, we recover a DG-version of Grothendieck’s vanishing and non-vanishing theorems for local cohomology. We also study the cohomological dimension of Koszul DG-modules and get some interesting results.

Background: The sucrose non-fermenting 1-related kinases 2 (SnRK2s) are crucial for abiotic stress responses in rice. Therefore, it is necessary to clarify the special function of SnRK2s. As one of SnRK2II members in rice, the function of Osmotic stress/ABA–activated protein kinase 3 (OsSAPK3) is unclear. Results: OsSAPK3 was induced by drought, NaCl, PEG and ABA. OsSAPK3 knockout seedings (sapk3-1and sapk3-2) decreased the hypersensitivity to exogenous ABA. In addition, sapk3-1and sapk3-2 showed decreased stress tolerance, including lower survival rates, higher water loss rate under drought stress, increased stomatal conductance and remarkably decreased expression of SLAC1 and SLAC7.Physiological and metabolic analyses showed that OsSAPK3 might play an important role in abiotic stress signaling pathway by influencing accumulation of compatible osmolytes, reactive oxygen species (ROS) detoxification and expression of dehydration-responsive genes. Agronomic traits analyses demonstrated that OsSAPK3 could improve rice yield by participating in the regulation of tiller numbers and grain size. The experimental of tiller bud development suggested that OsSAPK3 might regulate rice tiller numbers by affecting the growth of axillary buds via promoting expression of nitrate transporter genes. Conclusion: OsSAPK3 may play an important role in both ABA-dependent and ABA-independent abiotic stresss signaling pathways. In addition, OsSAPK3could improve rice yield by participating in the regulation of tiller numbers and grain size. These findings provide new insight for functional analysis of SnRK2s and engineering of drought resistant rice.

Objective: Current studies focus on the prevalence rate of lung cancer in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease (CTD-LID). Our aim was to investigate the prevalence of malignancies in patients with various subtypes of ILD. Methods: A total of 5350 patients diagnosed with ILD between January 2015 and December 2021 were retrospectively included. The prevalence of different malignancies and different ILDs was assessed using complete follow-up data. Results: A total of 248 patients (139 males; 65—IQR, 57 to 72—years) out of 5350 patients with ILD were confirmed with malignancies. A total of 69% of patients with ILD and malignances were older than 60 years old. The prevalence of malignancies in ILD patients was 4.6%, and lung cancer had the most common incidence of 1.9%, followed by malignancies in the digestive system of 0.9%. Among the different ILD subtypes, the prevalence of malignancies such as organizing pneumonia (OP), idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies-associated vasculitis-related ILD(AAV-ILD), nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP), CTD-ILD, hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP), sarcoidosis, and other types of ILD was 6.8%, 5.0%, 4.7%, 4.3%, 2.5%, 2.2%, 1.2%, and 6.9%, respectively. The incidence of lung cancer as the most common tumor in IPF was 3.9%, with adenocarcinoma predominating (1.7%). The highest rate of malignancy occurring in RA of CTD-ILD was 2.4%. Conclusion: Older patients with ILD (≥60 years) including OP, IPF, AAV-ILD, NSIP, CTD-ILD, and HP, were associated with a higher incidence of malignancy, especially males aged from 60 to 69 years. These epidemiological results indicate that it is essential for physicians to pay more attention to the screening of and management strategies for different malignancies, according to the specific ILD subtypes.

Impervious surfaces (IPS) are the major source of urban heat island effect (UHI), and the relationships between IPS and land surface temperature (LST) have been widely studied. However, the spatial impact of landscape patterns of patches with different IPS density (IPSD) on the thermal environment remains largely unexplored. Based on three Landsat 8 images of the Xuzhou built-up area obtained in May and the corresponding ground observations from 2014 to 2020, the IPSD and LST maps were inversed through a linear spectral mixture analysis and mono-window algorithm, respectively. The landscape patterns of the five IPSD levels were characterized by four landscape-level and five class-level metrics. Finally, the spatial correlation between all landscape metrics and LST were analyzed using bivariate Moran’s I. The results were as follows: (1) The findings revealed that for the landscape-level metrics, LST had significant positive spatial correlations with Shannon’s diversity index (SHDI), Shannon’s evenness index (SHEI), and patch density (PD), while showing a significant negative correlation with contagion index (CONTAG), indicating that increasing the types, even distribution degree, and density of patches, or decreasing the aggregation degree of the five IPSD levels will lead to the enhancement of the thermal environment. (2) Furthermore, the class-level metrics of each IPSD level, percentage of landscape (PLAND), largest patch index (LPI), landscape shape index (LSI), aggregation index (AI), and patch cohesion index (COHESION) showed significant correlations and LST, which signified that the spatial characteristics of patch proportion, predominance degree, shape complexity, aggregation degree, and natural connectivity degree of each IPSD level are important factors affecting UHI. In addition, the spatial correlations between LST and class-level metrics were significantly positive for IPSD levels 4 and 5 with an evidently higher Moran’s I value, indicating that landscape patterns of IPSD levels 4 and 5 were the key factors in UHI enhancement. Furthermore, the impact weights of each class-level metric of IPSD levels 4 and 5 on LST were also analyzed by applying the principal component analysis and the multivariate regression standardization coefficient. These results reveal the importance and impact mechanism of the IPSD spatial patterns on UHI evolution, which may provide a valuable reference for future urban planning and climate management. This study also suggests that regional UHI can be mitigated by reducing the area proportion, natural connectivity, and shape complexity of high-density impervious surfaces.

Background To evaluate the therapeutic effect and tolerance of BIC/FTC/TAF used for 24-week in ART-naïve in China. Methods This single-center retrospective cohort study included ART-naïve who received BIC/FTC/TAF from July 2021 to April 2022. The proportion of patients with HIV RNA

As the most significant transformation stage of plants, the flowering process has typically been the focus of research. MADS-box gene plays an important regulatory role in flower development. In this study, 26 MADS-box genes were identified from Ginkgo biloba, including 10 type-I genes and 16 type-II genes, which were distributed on eight chromosomes. There was no collinearity between the GbMADS genes, and the homology with genes from other species was low. All GbMADS proteins contain conserved MADS domains. The gene structures of GbMADS in the same gene family or subfamily differed, but the conserved protein motifs had similar distributions. The microRNA (miRNA) target sites of the GbMADS genes were predicted. It was found that the expression of 16 GbMADS genes may be regulated by miRNA. The results of cis-acting element analysis showed that the 26 GbMADS genes contained a large number of hormones regulated and light-responsive elements as well as stress-response elements. Furthermore, the quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) experimental results showed that most GbMADS genes were differentially expressed in the male and female flowers at different developmental stages. Among them, the only MIKC * gene GbMADS16 has the highest expression in the metaphase development of the microstrobilus (M2) stage and is almost not expressed in female flowers. Taken together, these findings suggest that the MADS-box genes may play an important role in the development and differentiation of G. biloba flowers.

The secondary metabolites of the phytopathogenic fungus Corynespora cassiicola CC01 from Hevea brasiliensis were investigated. As a result, two new compounds, 5-acetyl-7-hydroxy-6- methoxybenzofuran-2(3H)-one (1) and (S)-2-(2,3-dihydrofuro [3,2-c]pyridin-2-yl)propan-2-ol (2), together with seven known compounds, 4,6,8-trihydroxy-3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1(2H)-one (3), 3,6,8-trihydroxy-3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1(2H)-one (4), curvulin acid (5), 2-methyl-5-carboxymethyl- 7-hydroxychromone (6), tyrosol (7), p-hydroxybenzoic acid (8) and cerevisterol (9), were isolated from the fermentation extract by comprehensive silica gel, reverse phase silica gel, Sephadex-LH20 column chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The structures of these compounds were identified by using high-resolution electrospray mass spectrometry (HRESIMS), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), optical rotation, ultraviolet and infrared spectroscopy techniques and a comparison of NMR data with those reported in the literature. Compounds 1 and 2 were new compounds, and compounds 3–9 were discovered from this phytopathogenic fungus for the first time. Compounds 1–9 were tested for phytotoxicity against the fresh tender leaf of Hevea brasiliensis, and the results show that none of them were phytotoxic. Additionally, these compounds were subjected to an antimicrobial assay against three bacteria (E. coli, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Micrococcus luteus), but they showed no activity.