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Your search keyword '"Wilks, S. C."' showing total 179 results
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179 results on '"Wilks, S. C."'

155. Observation of amplification of light by Langmuir waves and its saturation on the electron kinetic timescale.

Author

KIRKWOOD, R. K., PING, Y., WILKS, S. C., MEEZAN, N., MICHEL, P., WILLIAMS, E., CLARK, D., SUTER, L., LANDEN, O., FISCH, N. J., VALEO, E. J., MALKIN, V., TURNBULL, D., SUCKEWER, S., WURTELE, J., WANG, T. L., MARTINS, S. F., JOSHI, C., YIN, L., and ALBRIGHT, B. J.

Subjects
LIGHT amplifiers, PLASMA gases, ELECTRONS, LIGHT scattering, PLASMA waves, RAMAN effect, INERTIAL confinement fusion
Abstract

Experiments demonstrate the ~77× amplification of 0.5 to 3.5-ps pulses of seed light by interaction with Langmuir waves in a low density (1.2 × 1019 cm−3) plasma produced by a 1-ns, 230-J, 1054-nm pump beam with 1.2 × 1014 W/cm2 intensity. The waves are strongly damped (kλD = 0.38, Te = 244 eV) and grow over a ~ 1 mm length, similar to what is experienced by scattered light when it interacts with crossing beams as it exits an ignition target. The amplification reduces when the seed intensity increases above ~1 × 1011 W/cm2, indicating that saturation of the plasma waves on the electron kinetic time scale (<0.5 ps) limits the scatter to ~1% of the available pump energy. The observations are in agreement with 2D PIC simulations in this case. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2011
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158. Making relativistic positrons using ultraintense short pulse lasers.

Author

Hui Chen, Wilks, S. C., Bonlie, J. D., Chen, S. N., Cone, K. V., Elberson, L. N., Gregori, G., Meyerhofer, D. D., Myatt, J., Price, D. F., Schneider, M. B., Shepherd, R., Stafford, D. C., Tommasini, R., Van Maren, R., and Beiersdorfer, P.

Subjects
*POSITRONS, *LASER beams, *PLASMA gases, *ANGULAR correlations (Nuclear physics), *NUCLEAR physics
Abstract

This paper describes a new positron source using ultraintense short pulse lasers. Although it has been theoretically studied since the 1970s, the use of lasers as a valuable new positron source was not demonstrated experimentally until recent years, when the petawatt-class short pulse lasers were developed. In 2008 and 2009, in a series of experiments performed at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, a large number of positrons were observed after shooting a millimeter thick solid gold target. Up to 2×1010 positrons/s ejected at the back of approximately millimeter thick gold targets were detected. The targets were illuminated with short (∼1 ps) ultraintense (∼1×1020 W/cm2) laser pulses. These positrons are produced predominantly by the Bethe–Heitler process and have an effective temperature of 2–4 MeV, with the distribution peaking at 4–7 MeV. The angular distribution of the positrons is anisotropic. For a wide range of applications, this new laser-based positron source with its unique characteristics may complement the existing sources based on radioactive isotopes and accelerators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2009
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159. X-ray spectroscopy of buried layer foils irradiated at laser intensities in excess of 1020 W/cm2.

Author

Chen, S. N., Patel, P. K., Chung, H.-K., Kemp, A. J., Le Pape, S., Maddox, B. R., Wilks, S. C., Stephens, R. B., and Beg, F. N.

Subjects
X-ray spectroscopy, PLASMA gases, PLASMA waves, PLASMA dynamics, MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS
Abstract

Observations of a rapid decrease in thermal temperature as a function of depth of solid targets irradiated with a short pulse, ultrahigh-intensity laser are reported. This phenomenon is investigated using the Titan short pulse laser with intensities greater than 1020 W/cm2 interacting with buried layer targets. The longitudinal temperature profile is determined by measuring K-shell spectra from a 0.4 μm copper tracer layer placed at various depths (i.e., 0–1.5 μm) within the 2.4 μm thick target. It is observed that the line ratios (He-like K-shell lines) as a function of temperature require a consideration of at least three parameters to analyze the K-shell spectra: hot electron population, time-dependent plasma conditions, and opacity. Here, the study of the effect of these three parameters on measured spectra in the short pulse high intensity laser-matter interactions using the atomic model FLYCHK [H.-K. Chung et al., High Energy Density Phys. 1, 3 (2005)] is presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2009
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160. Hot electron energy distributions from ultraintense laser solid interactions.

Author

Hui Chen, Wilks, S. C., Kruer, W. L., Patel, P. K., and Shepherd, R.

Subjects
*HOT carriers, *ELECTRONS, *LASERS, *PARTICLES (Nuclear physics), *PLASMA gases
Abstract

Measurements of electron energy distributions from ultraintense (>1019 W/cm2) laser solid interactions using an electron spectrometer are presented. The effective hot electron temperatures (Thot) have been measured for laser intensities (Iλ2) from 1018 to 1021 W/cm2 μm2 for the first time, and Thot is found to increase as (Iλ2)0.34±0.04. This scaling agrees well with the empirical scaling published by Beg et al. [Phys. Plasmas 4, 447 (1997)], and was modeled by particle-in-cell simulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2009
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161. Amplification of an ultrashort pulse laser by stimulated Raman scattering of a 1 ns pulse in a low density plasma.

Author

Kirkwood, R. K., Dewald, E., Niemann, C., Meezan, N., Wilks, S. C., Price, D. W., Landen, O. L., Wurtele, J., Charman, A. E., Lindberg, R., Fisch, N. J., Malkin, V. M., and Valeo, E. O.

Subjects
PHYSICS experiments, PLASMA gases, RAMAN effect, LASER beams, WAVELENGTHS, PLASMA density
Abstract

Experiments are described in which a 1 mJ, 1 ps, 1200 nm seed laser beam is amplified by the interaction with an intersecting 350 J, 1 ns, 1054 nm pump beam in a low density (1×1019/cm3) plasma. The transmission of the seed beam is observed to be enhanced by >=25× when the plasma is near the resonant density for stimulated Raman scattering, compared to measured transmissions at wavelengths just below the resonant value. The amplification is observed to increase rapidly with increases in both pump intensity and plasma density. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2007
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165. Laser generated proton beam focusing and high temperature isochoric heating of solid matter

Author

Snavely, R. A., Zhang, B., Akli, K., Chen, Z., Freeman, R. R., Gu, P., Hatchett, S. P., Hey, D., Hill, J., Key, M. H., Izawa, Y., King, J., Kitagawa, Y., Kodama, R., Langdon, A. B., Lasinski, B. F., Lei, A., MacKinnon, A. J., Patel, P., Stephens, R., Tampo, M., Tanaka, K. A., Town, R., Toyama, Y., Tsutsumi, T., Wilks, S. C., Yabuuchi, T., Zheng, J., Snavely, R. A., Zhang, B., Akli, K., Chen, Z., Freeman, R. R., Gu, P., Hatchett, S. P., Hey, D., Hill, J., Key, M. H., Izawa, Y., King, J., Kitagawa, Y., Kodama, R., Langdon, A. B., Lasinski, B. F., Lei, A., MacKinnon, A. J., Patel, P., Stephens, R., Tampo, M., Tanaka, K. A., Town, R., Toyama, Y., Tsutsumi, T., Wilks, S. C., Yabuuchi, T., and Zheng, J.

Abstract

Copyright 2007 American Institute of Physics. This article may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and the American Institute of Physics. The following article appeared in Physics of Plasmas, 14(9), 092703_1-092703_5, 2007 and may be found at http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2774001

166. Laser generated proton beam focusing and high temperature isochoric heating of solid matter

Author

Snavely, R. A., Zhang, B., Akli, K., Chen, Z., Freeman, R. R., Gu, P., Hatchett, S. P., Hey, D., Hill, J., Key, M. H., Izawa, Y., King, J., Kitagawa, Y., Kodama, R., Langdon, A. B., Lasinski, B. F., Lei, A., MacKinnon, A. J., Patel, P., Stephens, R., Tampo, M., Tanaka, K. A., Town, R., Toyama, Y., Tsutsumi, T., Wilks, S. C., Yabuuchi, T., Zheng, J., Snavely, R. A., Zhang, B., Akli, K., Chen, Z., Freeman, R. R., Gu, P., Hatchett, S. P., Hey, D., Hill, J., Key, M. H., Izawa, Y., King, J., Kitagawa, Y., Kodama, R., Langdon, A. B., Lasinski, B. F., Lei, A., MacKinnon, A. J., Patel, P., Stephens, R., Tampo, M., Tanaka, K. A., Town, R., Toyama, Y., Tsutsumi, T., Wilks, S. C., Yabuuchi, T., and Zheng, J.

Abstract

Copyright 2007 American Institute of Physics. This article may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and the American Institute of Physics. The following article appeared in Physics of Plasmas, 14(9), 092703_1-092703_5, 2007 and may be found at http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2774001

167. Photon accelerator

Author

Wilks, S. C., primary, Dawson, J. M., additional, Mori, W. B., additional, Katsouleas, T., additional, and Jones, M. E., additional

Published
1989
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169. QED-driven laser absorption.

Author

Levy, M. C., Blackburn, T. G., Ratan, N., Sadler, J., Ridgers, C. P., Kasim, M., Cuervorst, L., Holloway, J., Baring, M. G., Bell, A. R., Glenzer, S. H., Gregori, G., Ilderton, A., Marklund, M., Tabak, M., Wilks, S. C., and Norreys, P. A.

Published
2017

171. UNTITLED.

Author

WILKS, S. C.

Published
1832

173. Structure and Dynamics of Colliding Plasma Jets.

Author

C. K. Li, Ryutov, D. D., S. X. Hu, Rosenberg, M. J., Zylstra, A. B., Séguin, F. H., Frenje, J. A., Casey, D. T., Gatu Johnson, M., Manuel, M. J.-E., Rinderknecht, H. G., Petrasso, R. D., Amendt, P. A., Park, H. S., Remington, B. A., Wilks, S. C., Betti, R., Froula, D. H., Knauer, J. P., and Meyerhofer, D. D.

Subjects
*PLASMA jets, *MAGNETIC fields, *REYNOLDS number, *PLASMA flow, *PROTON detection, *OHM'S law
Abstract

Monoenergetic-proton radiographs of laser-generated, high-Mach-number plasma jets colliding at various angles shed light on the structures and dynamics of these collisions. The observations compare favorably with results from 2D hydrodynamic simulations of multistream plasma jets, and also with results from an analytic treatment of electron flow and magnetic field advection. In collisions of two noncollinear jets, the observed flow structure is similar to the analytic model's prediction of a characteristic feature with a narrow structure pointing in one direction and a much thicker one pointing in the opposite direction. Spontaneous magnetic fields, largely azimuthal around the colliding jets and generated by the well-known ∇Te × ∇ne Biermann battery effect near the periphery of the laser spots, are demonstrated to be "frozen in" the plasma (due to high magnetic Reynolds number ReM ∼ 5 X 104) and advected along the jet streamlines of the electron flow. These studies provide novel insight into the interactions and dynamics of colliding plasma jets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013
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174. X-ray spectroscopy of buried layer foils irradiated at laser intensities in excess of 1020 W/cm2.

Author

Chen, S. N., Patel, P. K., Chung, H.-K., Kemp, A. J., Le Pape, S., Maddox, B. R., Wilks, S. C., Stephens, R. B., and Beg, F. N.

Subjects
*X-ray spectroscopy, *PLASMA gases, *PLASMA waves, *PLASMA dynamics, *MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS
Abstract

Observations of a rapid decrease in thermal temperature as a function of depth of solid targets irradiated with a short pulse, ultrahigh-intensity laser are reported. This phenomenon is investigated using the Titan short pulse laser with intensities greater than 1020 W/cm2 interacting with buried layer targets. The longitudinal temperature profile is determined by measuring K-shell spectra from a 0.4 μm copper tracer layer placed at various depths (i.e., 0–1.5 μm) within the 2.4 μm thick target. It is observed that the line ratios (He-like K-shell lines) as a function of temperature require a consideration of at least three parameters to analyze the K-shell spectra: hot electron population, time-dependent plasma conditions, and opacity. Here, the study of the effect of these three parameters on measured spectra in the short pulse high intensity laser-matter interactions using the atomic model FLYCHK [H.-K. Chung et al., High Energy Density Phys. 1, 3 (2005)] is presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2009
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175. Nuclear excitation by electronic transition of 235U.

Author

Chodash, P. A., Burke, J. T., Norman, E. B., Wilks, S. C., Casperson, R. J., Fisher, S. E., Holliday, K. S., Jeffries, J. R., and Wakeling, M. A.

Subjects
*PHYSICS periodicals, *EXCITED states, *NUCLEAR excitation, *URANIUM isotopes
Abstract

Background: Nuclear excitation by electronic transition (NEET) is a rare nuclear excitation that can occur in isotopes containing a low-lying nuclear excited state. Over the past 40 yr, several experiments have attempted to measure NEET of 235U and those experiments have yielded conflicting results. Purpose: An experiment was performed to determine whether NEET of 235U occurs and to determine its excitation rate. Method: A pulsed Nd:YAG laser operating at 1064 nm with a pulse energy of 790 mJ and a pulse width of 9 ns was used to generate a uranium plasma. The plasma was collected on a catcher plate and electrons from the catcher plate were accelerated and focused onto a microchannel plate detector. An observation of a decay with a 26-min half-life would suggest the creation of 235mU and the possibility that NEET of 235U occurred. Results: A 26-min decay consistent with the decay of 235mU was not observed and there was no evidence that NEET occurred. An upper limit for the NEET rate of U235 was determined to be λNEET<1.8×10-4 s-1, with a confidence level of 68.3%. Conclusions: The upper limit determined from this experiment is consistent with most of the past measurements. Discrepancies between this experiment and past measurements can be explained by assuming that past experiments misinterpreted the data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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176. Achievement of Target Gain Larger than Unity in an Inertial Fusion Experiment.

Author

Abu-Shawareb H, Acree R, Adams P, Adams J, Addis B, Aden R, Adrian P, Afeyan BB, Aggleton M, Aghaian L, Aguirre A, Aikens D, Akre J, Albert F, Albrecht M, Albright BJ, Albritton J, Alcala J, Alday C, Alessi DA, Alexander N, Alfonso J, Alfonso N, Alger E, Ali SJ, Ali ZA, Allen A, Alley WE, Amala P, Amendt PA, Amick P, Ammula S, Amorin C, Ampleford DJ, Anderson RW, Anklam T, Antipa N, Appelbe B, Aracne-Ruddle C, Araya E, Archuleta TN, Arend M, Arnold P, Arnold T, Arsenlis A, Asay J, Atherton LJ, Atkinson D, Atkinson R, Auerbach JM, Austin B, Auyang L, Awwal AAS, Aybar N, Ayers J, Ayers S, Ayers T, Azevedo S, Bachmann B, Back CA, Bae J, Bailey DS, Bailey J, Baisden T, Baker KL, Baldis H, Barber D, Barberis M, Barker D, Barnes A, Barnes CW, Barrios MA, Barty C, Bass I, Batha SH, Baxamusa SH, Bazan G, Beagle JK, Beale R, Beck BR, Beck JB, Bedzyk M, Beeler RG, Beeler RG, Behrendt W, Belk L, Bell P, Belyaev M, Benage JF, Bennett G, Benedetti LR, Benedict LX, Berger RL, Bernat T, Bernstein LA, Berry B, Bertolini L, Besenbruch G, Betcher J, Bettenhausen R, Betti R, Bezzerides B, Bhandarkar SD, Bickel R, Biener J, Biesiada T, Bigelow K, Bigelow-Granillo J, Bigman V, Bionta RM, Birge NW, Bitter M, Black AC, Bleile R, Bleuel DL, Bliss E, Bliss E, Blue B, Boehly T, Boehm K, Boley CD, Bonanno R, Bond EJ, Bond T, Bonino MJ, Borden M, Bourgade JL, Bousquet J, Bowers J, Bowers M, Boyd R, Boyle D, Bozek A, Bradley DK, Bradley KS, Bradley PA, Bradley L, Brannon L, Brantley PS, Braun D, Braun T, Brienza-Larsen K, Briggs R, Briggs TM, Britten J, Brooks ED, Browning D, Bruhn MW, Brunner TA, Bruns H, Brunton G, Bryant B, Buczek T, Bude J, Buitano L, Burkhart S, Burmark J, Burnham A, Burr R, Busby LE, Butlin B, Cabeltis R, Cable M, Cabot WH, Cagadas B, Caggiano J, Cahayag R, Caldwell SE, Calkins S, Callahan DA, Calleja-Aguirre J, Camara L, Camp D, Campbell EM, Campbell JH, Carey B, Carey R, Carlisle K, Carlson L, Carman L, Carmichael J, Carpenter A, Carr C, Carrera JA, Casavant D, Casey A, Casey DT, Castillo A, Castillo E, Castor JI, Castro C, Caughey W, Cavitt R, Celeste J, Celliers PM, Cerjan C, Chandler G, Chang B, Chang C, Chang J, Chang L, Chapman R, Chapman TD, Chase L, Chen H, Chen H, Chen K, Chen LY, Cheng B, Chittenden J, Choate C, Chou J, Chrien RE, Chrisp M, Christensen K, Christensen M, Christiansen NS, Christopherson AR, Chung M, Church JA, Clark A, Clark DS, Clark K, Clark R, Claus L, Cline B, Cline JA, Cobble JA, Cochrane K, Cohen B, Cohen S, Collette MR, Collins GW, Collins LA, Collins TJB, Conder A, Conrad B, Conyers M, Cook AW, Cook D, Cook R, Cooley JC, Cooper G, Cope T, Copeland SR, Coppari F, Cortez J, Cox J, Crandall DH, Crane J, Craxton RS, Cray M, Crilly A, Crippen JW, Cross D, Cuneo M, Cuotts G, Czajka CE, Czechowicz D, Daly T, Danforth P, Danly C, Darbee R, Darlington B, Datte P, Dauffy L, Davalos G, Davidovits S, Davis P, Davis J, Dawson S, Day RD, Day TH, Dayton M, Deck C, Decker C, Deeney C, DeFriend KA, Deis G, Delamater ND, Delettrez JA, Demaret R, Demos S, Dempsey SM, Desjardin R, Desjardins T, Desjarlais MP, Dewald EL, DeYoreo J, Diaz S, Dimonte G, Dittrich TR, Divol L, Dixit SN, Dixon J, Do A, Dodd ES, Dolan D, Donovan A, Donovan M, Döppner T, Dorrer C, Dorsano N, Douglas MR, Dow D, Downie J, Downing E, Dozieres M, Draggoo V, Drake D, Drake RP, Drake T, Dreifuerst G, Drury O, DuBois DF, DuBois PF, Dunham G, Durocher M, Dylla-Spears R, Dymoke-Bradshaw AKL, Dzenitis B, Ebbers C, Eckart M, Eddinger S, Eder D, Edgell D, Edwards MJ, Efthimion P, Eggert JH, Ehrlich B, Ehrmann P, Elhadj S, Ellerbee C, Elliott NS, Ellison CL, Elsner F, Emerich M, Engelhorn K, England T, English E, Epperson P, Epstein R, Erbert G, Erickson MA, Erskine DJ, Erlandson A, Espinosa RJ, Estes C, Estabrook KG, Evans S, Fabyan A, Fair J, Fallejo R, Farmer N, Farmer WA, Farrell M, Fatherley VE, Fedorov M, Feigenbaum E, Fehrenbach T, Feit M, Felker B, Ferguson W, Fernandez JC, Fernandez-Panella A, Fess S, Field JE, Filip CV, Fincke JR, Finn T, Finnegan SM, Finucane RG, Fischer M, Fisher A, Fisher J, Fishler B, Fittinghoff D, Fitzsimmons P, Flegel M, Flippo KA, Florio J, Folta J, Folta P, Foreman LR, Forrest C, Forsman A, Fooks J, Foord M, Fortner R, Fournier K, Fratanduono DE, Frazier N, Frazier T, Frederick C, Freeman MS, Frenje J, Frey D, Frieders G, Friedrich S, Froula DH, Fry J, Fuller T, Gaffney J, Gales S, Le Galloudec B, Le Galloudec KK, Gambhir A, Gao L, Garbett WJ, Garcia A, Gates C, Gaut E, Gauthier P, Gavin Z, Gaylord J, Geddes CGR, Geissel M, Génin F, Georgeson J, Geppert-Kleinrath H, Geppert-Kleinrath V, Gharibyan N, Gibson J, Gibson C, Giraldez E, Glebov V, Glendinning SG, Glenn S, Glenzer SH, Goade S, Gobby PL, Goldman SR, Golick B, Gomez M, Goncharov V, Goodin D, Grabowski P, Grafil E, Graham P, Grandy J, Grasz E, Graziani FR, Greenman G, Greenough JA, Greenwood A, Gregori G, Green T, Griego JR, Grim GP, Grondalski J, Gross S, Guckian J, Guler N, Gunney B, Guss G, Haan S, Hackbarth J, Hackel L, Hackel R, Haefner C, Hagmann C, Hahn KD, Hahn S, Haid BJ, Haines BM, Hall BM, Hall C, Hall GN, Hamamoto M, Hamel S, Hamilton CE, Hammel BA, Hammer JH, Hampton G, Hamza A, Handler A, Hansen S, Hanson D, Haque R, Harding D, Harding E, Hares JD, Harris DB, Harte JA, Hartouni EP, Hatarik R, Hatchett S, Hauer AA, Havre M, Hawley R, Hayes J, Hayes J, Hayes S, Hayes-Sterbenz A, Haynam CA, Haynes DA, Headley D, Heal A, Heebner JE, Heerey S, Heestand GM, Heeter R, Hein N, Heinbockel C, Hendricks C, Henesian M, Heninger J, Henrikson J, Henry EA, Herbold EB, Hermann MR, Hermes G, Hernandez JE, Hernandez VJ, Herrmann MC, Herrmann HW, Herrera OD, Hewett D, Hibbard R, Hicks DG, Higginson DP, Hill D, Hill K, Hilsabeck T, Hinkel DE, Ho DD, Ho VK, Hoffer JK, Hoffman NM, Hohenberger M, Hohensee M, Hoke W, Holdener D, Holdener F, Holder JP, Holko B, Holunga D, Holzrichter JF, Honig J, Hoover D, Hopkins D, Berzak Hopkins LF, Hoppe M, Hoppe ML, Horner J, Hornung R, Horsfield CJ, Horvath J, Hotaling D, House R, Howell L, Hsing WW, Hu SX, Huang H, Huckins J, Hui H, Humbird KD, Hund J, Hunt J, Hurricane OA, Hutton M, Huynh KH, Inandan L, Iglesias C, Igumenshchev IV, Ivanovich I, Izumi N, Jackson M, Jackson J, Jacobs SD, James G, Jancaitis K, Jarboe J, Jarrott LC, Jasion D, Jaquez J, Jeet J, Jenei AE, Jensen J, Jimenez J, Jimenez R, Jobe D, Johal Z, Johns HM, Johnson D, Johnson MA, Gatu Johnson M, Johnson RJ, Johnson S, Johnson SA, Johnson T, Jones K, Jones O, Jones M, Jorge R, Jorgenson HJ, Julian M, Jun BI, Jungquist R, Kaae J, Kabadi N, Kaczala D, Kalantar D, Kangas K, Karasiev VV, Karasik M, Karpenko V, Kasarky A, Kasper K, Kauffman R, Kaufman MI, Keane C, Keaty L, Kegelmeyer L, Keiter PA, Kellett PA, Kellogg J, Kelly JH, Kemic S, Kemp AJ, Kemp GE, Kerbel GD, Kershaw D, Kerr SM, Kessler TJ, Key MH, Khan SF, Khater H, Kiikka C, Kilkenny J, Kim Y, Kim YJ, Kimko J, Kimmel M, Kindel JM, King J, Kirkwood RK, Klaus L, Klem D, Kline JL, Klingmann J, Kluth G, Knapp P, Knauer J, Knipping J, Knudson M, Kobs D, Koch J, Kohut T, Kong C, Koning JM, Koning P, Konior S, Kornblum H, Kot LB, Kozioziemski B, Kozlowski M, Kozlowski PM, Krammen J, Krasheninnikova NS, Krauland CM, Kraus B, Krauser W, Kress JD, Kritcher AL, Krieger E, Kroll JJ, Kruer WL, Kruse MKG, Kucheyev S, Kumbera M, Kumpan S, Kunimune J, Kur E, Kustowski B, Kwan TJT, Kyrala GA, Laffite S, Lafon M, LaFortune K, Lagin L, Lahmann B, Lairson B, Landen OL, Land T, Lane M, Laney D, Langdon AB, Langenbrunner J, Langer SH, Langro A, Lanier NE, Lanier TE, Larson D, Lasinski BF, Lassle D, LaTray D, Lau G, Lau N, Laumann C, Laurence A, Laurence TA, Lawson J, Le HP, Leach RR, Leal L, Leatherland A, LeChien K, Lechleiter B, Lee A, Lee M, Lee T, Leeper RJ, Lefebvre E, Leidinger JP, LeMire B, Lemke RW, Lemos NC, Le Pape S, Lerche R, Lerner S, Letts S, Levedahl K, Lewis T, Li CK, Li H, Li J, Liao W, Liao ZM, Liedahl D, Liebman J, Lindford G, Lindman EL, Lindl JD, Loey H, London RA, Long F, Loomis EN, Lopez FE, Lopez H, Losbanos E, Loucks S, Lowe-Webb R, Lundgren E, Ludwigsen AP, Luo R, Lusk J, Lyons R, Ma T, Macallop Y, MacDonald MJ, MacGowan BJ, Mack JM, Mackinnon AJ, MacLaren SA, MacPhee AG, Magelssen GR, Magoon J, Malone RM, Malsbury T, Managan R, Mancini R, Manes K, Maney D, Manha D, Mannion OM, Manuel AM, Manuel MJ, Mapoles E, Mara G, Marcotte T, Marin E, Marinak MM, Mariscal DA, Mariscal EF, Marley EV, Marozas JA, Marquez R, Marshall CD, Marshall FJ, Marshall M, Marshall S, Marticorena J, Martinez JI, Martinez D, Maslennikov I, Mason D, Mason RJ, Masse L, Massey W, Masson-Laborde PE, Masters ND, Mathisen D, Mathison E, Matone J, Matthews MJ, Mattoon C, Mattsson TR, Matzen K, Mauche CW, Mauldin M, McAbee T, McBurney M, Mccarville T, McCrory RL, McEvoy AM, McGuffey C, Mcinnis M, McKenty P, McKinley MS, McLeod JB, McPherson A, Mcquillan B, Meamber M, Meaney KD, Meezan NB, Meissner R, Mehlhorn TA, Mehta NC, Menapace J, Merrill FE, Merritt BT, Merritt EC, Meyerhofer DD, Mezyk S, Mich RJ, Michel PA, Milam D, Miller C, Miller D, Miller DS, Miller E, Miller EK, Miller J, Miller M, Miller PE, Miller T, Miller W, Miller-Kamm V, Millot M, Milovich JL, Minner P, Miquel JL, Mitchell S, Molvig K, Montesanti RC, Montgomery DS, Monticelli M, Montoya A, Moody JD, Moore AS, Moore E, Moran M, Moreno JC, Moreno K, Morgan BE, Morrow T, Morton JW, Moses E, Moy K, Muir R, Murillo MS, Murray JE, Murray JR, Munro DH, Murphy TJ, Munteanu FM, Nafziger J, Nagayama T, Nagel SR, Nast R, Negres RA, Nelson A, Nelson D, Nelson J, Nelson S, Nemethy S, Neumayer P, Newman K, Newton M, Nguyen H, Di Nicola JG, Di Nicola P, Niemann C, Nikroo A, Nilson PM, Nobile A, Noorai V, Nora RC, Norton M, Nostrand M, Note V, Novell S, Nowak PF, Nunez A, Nyholm RA, O'Brien M, Oceguera A, Oertel JA, Oesterle AL, Okui J, Olejniczak B, Oliveira J, Olsen P, Olson B, Olson K, Olson RE, Opachich YP, Orsi N, Orth CD, Owen M, Padalino S, Padilla E, Paguio R, Paguio S, Paisner J, Pajoom S, Pak A, Palaniyappan S, Palma K, Pannell T, Papp F, 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Abstract

On December 5, 2022, an indirect drive fusion implosion on the National Ignition Facility (NIF) achieved a target gain G&#95;{target} of 1.5. This is the first laboratory demonstration of exceeding "scientific breakeven" (or G&#95;{target}>1) where 2.05 MJ of 351 nm laser light produced 3.1 MJ of total fusion yield, a result which significantly exceeds the Lawson criterion for fusion ignition as reported in a previous NIF implosion [H. Abu-Shawareb et al. (Indirect Drive ICF Collaboration), Phys. Rev. Lett. 129, 075001 (2022)PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.129.075001]. This achievement is the culmination of more than five decades of research and gives proof that laboratory fusion, based on fundamental physics principles, is possible. This Letter reports on the target, laser, design, and experimental advancements that led to this result.

Published
2024
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177. Lawson Criterion for Ignition Exceeded in an Inertial Fusion Experiment.

Author

Abu-Shawareb H, Acree R, Adams P, Adams J, Addis B, Aden R, Adrian P, Afeyan BB, Aggleton M, Aghaian L, Aguirre A, Aikens D, Akre J, Albert F, Albrecht M, Albright BJ, Albritton J, Alcala J, Alday C, Alessi DA, Alexander N, Alfonso J, Alfonso N, Alger E, Ali SJ, Ali ZA, Alley WE, Amala P, Amendt PA, Amick P, Ammula S, Amorin C, Ampleford DJ, Anderson RW, Anklam T, Antipa N, Appelbe B, Aracne-Ruddle C, Araya E, Arend M, Arnold P, Arnold T, Asay J, Atherton LJ, Atkinson D, Atkinson R, Auerbach JM, Austin B, Auyang L, Awwal AS, Ayers J, Ayers S, Ayers T, Azevedo S, Bachmann B, Back CA, Bae J, Bailey DS, Bailey J, Baisden T, Baker KL, Baldis H, Barber D, Barberis M, Barker D, Barnes A, Barnes CW, Barrios MA, Barty C, Bass I, Batha SH, Baxamusa SH, Bazan G, Beagle JK, Beale R, Beck BR, Beck JB, Bedzyk M, Beeler RG, Beeler RG, Behrendt W, Belk L, Bell P, Belyaev M, Benage JF, Bennett G, Benedetti LR, Benedict LX, Berger R, Bernat T, Bernstein LA, Berry B, Bertolini L, Besenbruch G, Betcher 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Abstract

For more than half a century, researchers around the world have been engaged in attempts to achieve fusion ignition as a proof of principle of various fusion concepts. Following the Lawson criterion, an ignited plasma is one where the fusion heating power is high enough to overcome all the physical processes that cool the fusion plasma, creating a positive thermodynamic feedback loop with rapidly increasing temperature. In inertially confined fusion, ignition is a state where the fusion plasma can begin "burn propagation" into surrounding cold fuel, enabling the possibility of high energy gain. While "scientific breakeven" (i.e., unity target gain) has not yet been achieved (here target gain is 0.72, 1.37 MJ of fusion for 1.92 MJ of laser energy), this Letter reports the first controlled fusion experiment, using laser indirect drive, on the National Ignition Facility to produce capsule gain (here 5.8) and reach ignition by nine different formulations of the Lawson criterion.

Published
2022
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178. Temperature determination using Kalpha spectra from M -shell Ti ions.

Author

Hansen SB, Faenov AY, Pikuz TA, Fournier KB, Shepherd R, Chen H, Widmann K, Wilks SC, Ping Y, Chung HK, Niles A, Hunter JR, Dyer G, and Ditmire T

Abstract

The compact multipulse terawatt (COMET) laser facility at LLNL was used to irradiate Al-coated 2-50 microm Ti foils with approximately 10(19) W cm(-2) , 500 fs, 3-6 J laser pulses. Laser-plasma interactions on the front side of the target generate hot electrons with sufficient energy to excite inner-shell electrons in Ti, creating Kalpha emission which has been measured using a focusing spectrometer with spatial resolution aimed at the back surface of the targets. The spatial extent of the emission varies with target thickness. The high spectral resolution (lambda/Deltalambda approximately equal to 3800) is sufficient to measure broadening of the Kalpha emission feature due to the emergence of blueshifted satellites from ionized Ti in a heated region of the target. A self-consistent-field model is used to spectroscopically diagnose thermal electron temperatures up to 40 eV in the strongly coupled Ti plasmas.

Published
2005
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179. Fast ignition by intense laser-accelerated proton beams.

Author

Roth M, Cowan TE, Key MH, Hatchett SP, Brown C, Fountain W, Johnson J, Pennington DM, Snavely RA, Wilks SC, Yasuike K, Ruhl H, Pegoraro F, Bulanov SV, Campbell EM, Perry MD, and Powell H

Abstract

The concept of fast ignition with inertial confinement fusion (ICF) is a way to reduce the energy required for ignition and burn and to maximize the gain produced by a single implosion. Based on recent experimental findings at the PETAWATT laser at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, an intense proton beam to achieve fast ignition is proposed. It is produced by direct laser acceleration and focused onto the pellet from the rear side of an irradiated target and can be integrated into a hohlraum for indirect drive ICF.

Published
2001
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