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301. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and cancer risk in women: Results from the Women's Health Initiative

Author

Brasky, Theodore M., primary, Liu, Jingmin, additional, White, Emily, additional, Peters, Ulrike, additional, Potter, John D., additional, Walter, Roland B., additional, Baik, Christina S., additional, Lane, Dorothy S., additional, Manson, JoAnn E., additional, Vitolins, Mara Z., additional, Allison, Matthew A., additional, Tang, Jean Y., additional, and Wactawski-Wende, Jean, additional

Published
2014
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304. Menopausal hormone therapy and health outcomes during the intervention and extended poststopping phases of the Women's Health Initiative randomized trials.

Author

Manson, JoAnn E, Manson, JoAnn E, Chlebowski, Rowan T, Stefanick, Marcia L, Aragaki, Aaron K, Rossouw, Jacques E, Prentice, Ross L, Anderson, Garnet, Howard, Barbara V, Thomson, Cynthia A, LaCroix, Andrea Z, Wactawski-Wende, Jean, Jackson, Rebecca D, Limacher, Marian, Margolis, Karen L, Wassertheil-Smoller, Sylvia, Beresford, Shirley A, Cauley, Jane A, Eaton, Charles B, Gass, Margery, Hsia, Judith, Johnson, Karen C, Kooperberg, Charles, Kuller, Lewis H, Lewis, Cora E, Liu, Simin, Martin, Lisa W, Ockene, Judith K, O'Sullivan, Mary Jo, Powell, Lynda H, Simon, Michael S, Van Horn, Linda, Vitolins, Mara Z, Wallace, Robert B, Manson, JoAnn E, Manson, JoAnn E, Chlebowski, Rowan T, Stefanick, Marcia L, Aragaki, Aaron K, Rossouw, Jacques E, Prentice, Ross L, Anderson, Garnet, Howard, Barbara V, Thomson, Cynthia A, LaCroix, Andrea Z, Wactawski-Wende, Jean, Jackson, Rebecca D, Limacher, Marian, Margolis, Karen L, Wassertheil-Smoller, Sylvia, Beresford, Shirley A, Cauley, Jane A, Eaton, Charles B, Gass, Margery, Hsia, Judith, Johnson, Karen C, Kooperberg, Charles, Kuller, Lewis H, Lewis, Cora E, Liu, Simin, Martin, Lisa W, Ockene, Judith K, O'Sullivan, Mary Jo, Powell, Lynda H, Simon, Michael S, Van Horn, Linda, Vitolins, Mara Z, and Wallace, Robert B

Abstract

ImportanceMenopausal hormone therapy continues in clinical use but questions remain regarding its risks and benefits for chronic disease prevention.ObjectiveTo report a comprehensive, integrated overview of findings from the 2 Women's Health Initiative (WHI) hormone therapy trials with extended postintervention follow-up.Design, setting, and participantsA total of 27,347 postmenopausal women aged 50 to 79 years were enrolled at 40 US centers.InterventionsWomen with an intact uterus received conjugated equine estrogens (CEE; 0.625 mg/d) plus medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA; 2.5 mg/d) (n = 8506) or placebo (n = 8102). Women with prior hysterectomy received CEE alone (0.625 mg/d) (n = 5310) or placebo (n = 5429). The intervention lasted a median of 5.6 years in CEE plus MPA trial and 7.2 years in CEE alone trial with 13 years of cumulative follow-up until September 30, 2010.Main outcomes and measuresPrimary efficacy and safety outcomes were coronary heart disease (CHD) and invasive breast cancer, respectively. A global index also included stroke, pulmonary embolism, colorectal cancer, endometrial cancer, hip fracture, and death.ResultsDuring the CEE plus MPA intervention phase, the numbers of CHD cases were 196 for CEE plus MPA vs 159 for placebo (hazard ratio [HR], 1.18; 95% CI, 0.95-1.45) and 206 vs 155, respectively, for invasive breast cancer (HR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.01-1.53). Other risks included increased stroke, pulmonary embolism, dementia (in women aged ≥65 years), gallbladder disease, and urinary incontinence; benefits included decreased hip fractures, diabetes, and vasomotor symptoms. Most risks and benefits dissipated postintervention, although some elevation in breast cancer risk persisted during cumulative follow-up (434 cases for CEE plus MPA vs 323 for placebo; HR, 1.28 [95% CI, 1.11-1.48]). The risks and benefits were more balanced during the CEE alone intervention with 204 CHD cases for CEE alone vs 222 cases for placebo (HR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.78-1.14) and

Published
2013

305. Genome-wide association of body fat distribution in African ancestry populations suggests new loci.

Author

Liu, Ching-Ti, Liu, Ching-Ti, Monda, Keri L, Taylor, Kira C, Lange, Leslie, Demerath, Ellen W, Palmas, Walter, Wojczynski, Mary K, Ellis, Jaclyn C, Vitolins, Mara Z, Liu, Simin, Papanicolaou, George J, Irvin, Marguerite R, Xue, Luting, Griffin, Paula J, Nalls, Michael A, Adeyemo, Adebowale, Liu, Jiankang, Li, Guo, Ruiz-Narvaez, Edward A, Chen, Wei-Min, Chen, Fang, Henderson, Brian E, Millikan, Robert C, Ambrosone, Christine B, Strom, Sara S, Guo, Xiuqing, Andrews, Jeanette S, Sun, Yan V, Mosley, Thomas H, Yanek, Lisa R, Shriner, Daniel, Haritunians, Talin, Rotter, Jerome I, Speliotes, Elizabeth K, Smith, Megan, Rosenberg, Lynn, Mychaleckyj, Josyf, Nayak, Uma, Spruill, Ida, Garvey, W Timothy, Pettaway, Curtis, Nyante, Sarah, Bandera, Elisa V, Britton, Angela F, Zonderman, Alan B, Rasmussen-Torvik, Laura J, Chen, Yii-Der Ida, Ding, Jingzhong, Lohman, Kurt, Kritchevsky, Stephen B, Zhao, Wei, Peyser, Patricia A, Kardia, Sharon LR, Kabagambe, Edmond, Broeckel, Ulrich, Chen, Guanjie, Zhou, Jie, Wassertheil-Smoller, Sylvia, Neuhouser, Marian L, Rampersaud, Evadnie, Psaty, Bruce, Kooperberg, Charles, Manson, Joann E, Kuller, Lewis H, Ochs-Balcom, Heather M, Johnson, Karen C, Sucheston, Lara, Ordovas, Jose M, Palmer, Julie R, Haiman, Christopher A, McKnight, Barbara, Howard, Barbara V, Becker, Diane M, Bielak, Lawrence F, Liu, Yongmei, Allison, Matthew A, Grant, Struan FA, Burke, Gregory L, Patel, Sanjay R, Schreiner, Pamela J, Borecki, Ingrid B, Evans, Michele K, Taylor, Herman, Sale, Michele M, Howard, Virginia, Carlson, Christopher S, Rotimi, Charles N, Cushman, Mary, Harris, Tamara B, Reiner, Alexander P, Cupples, L Adrienne, North, Kari E, Fox, Caroline S, Liu, Ching-Ti, Liu, Ching-Ti, Monda, Keri L, Taylor, Kira C, Lange, Leslie, Demerath, Ellen W, Palmas, Walter, Wojczynski, Mary K, Ellis, Jaclyn C, Vitolins, Mara Z, Liu, Simin, Papanicolaou, George J, Irvin, Marguerite R, Xue, Luting, Griffin, Paula J, Nalls, Michael A, Adeyemo, Adebowale, Liu, Jiankang, Li, Guo, Ruiz-Narvaez, Edward A, Chen, Wei-Min, Chen, Fang, Henderson, Brian E, Millikan, Robert C, Ambrosone, Christine B, Strom, Sara S, Guo, Xiuqing, Andrews, Jeanette S, Sun, Yan V, Mosley, Thomas H, Yanek, Lisa R, Shriner, Daniel, Haritunians, Talin, Rotter, Jerome I, Speliotes, Elizabeth K, Smith, Megan, Rosenberg, Lynn, Mychaleckyj, Josyf, Nayak, Uma, Spruill, Ida, Garvey, W Timothy, Pettaway, Curtis, Nyante, Sarah, Bandera, Elisa V, Britton, Angela F, Zonderman, Alan B, Rasmussen-Torvik, Laura J, Chen, Yii-Der Ida, Ding, Jingzhong, Lohman, Kurt, Kritchevsky, Stephen B, Zhao, Wei, Peyser, Patricia A, Kardia, Sharon LR, Kabagambe, Edmond, Broeckel, Ulrich, Chen, Guanjie, Zhou, Jie, Wassertheil-Smoller, Sylvia, Neuhouser, Marian L, Rampersaud, Evadnie, Psaty, Bruce, Kooperberg, Charles, Manson, Joann E, Kuller, Lewis H, Ochs-Balcom, Heather M, Johnson, Karen C, Sucheston, Lara, Ordovas, Jose M, Palmer, Julie R, Haiman, Christopher A, McKnight, Barbara, Howard, Barbara V, Becker, Diane M, Bielak, Lawrence F, Liu, Yongmei, Allison, Matthew A, Grant, Struan FA, Burke, Gregory L, Patel, Sanjay R, Schreiner, Pamela J, Borecki, Ingrid B, Evans, Michele K, Taylor, Herman, Sale, Michele M, Howard, Virginia, Carlson, Christopher S, Rotimi, Charles N, Cushman, Mary, Harris, Tamara B, Reiner, Alexander P, Cupples, L Adrienne, North, Kari E, and Fox, Caroline S

Abstract

Central obesity, measured by waist circumference (WC) or waist-hip ratio (WHR), is a marker of body fat distribution. Although obesity disproportionately affects minority populations, few studies have conducted genome-wide association study (GWAS) of fat distribution among those of predominantly African ancestry (AA). We performed GWAS of WC and WHR, adjusted and unadjusted for BMI, in up to 33,591 and 27,350 AA individuals, respectively. We identified loci associated with fat distribution in AA individuals using meta-analyses of GWA results for WC and WHR (stage 1). Overall, 25 SNPs with single genomic control (GC)-corrected p-values<5.0 × 10(-6) were followed-up (stage 2) in AA with WC and with WHR. Additionally, we interrogated genomic regions of previously identified European ancestry (EA) WHR loci among AA. In joint analysis of association results including both Stage 1 and 2 cohorts, 2 SNPs demonstrated association, rs2075064 at LHX2, p = 2.24×10(-8) for WC-adjusted-for-BMI, and rs6931262 at RREB1, p = 2.48×10(-8) for WHR-adjusted-for-BMI. However, neither signal was genome-wide significant after double GC-correction (LHX2: p = 6.5 × 10(-8); RREB1: p = 5.7 × 10(-8)). Six of fourteen previously reported loci for waist in EA populations were significant (p<0.05 divided by the number of independent SNPs within the region) in AA studied here (TBX15-WARS2, GRB14, ADAMTS9, LY86, RSPO3, ITPR2-SSPN). Further, we observed associations with metabolic traits: rs13389219 at GRB14 associated with HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, and fasting insulin, and rs13060013 at ADAMTS9 with HDL-cholesterol and fasting insulin. Finally, we observed nominal evidence for sexual dimorphism, with stronger results in AA women at the GRB14 locus (p for interaction = 0.02). In conclusion, we identified two suggestive loci associated with fat distribution in AA populations in addition to confirming 6 loci previously identified in populations of EA. These findings reinforce the concept th

Published
2013

306. Menopausal hormone therapy and health outcomes during the intervention and extended poststopping phases of the Womens Health Initiative randomized trials.

Author

Manson, JoAnn, Manson, JoAnn, Chlebowski, Rowan, Stefanick, Marcia, Aragaki, Aaron, Rossouw, Jacques, Prentice, Ross, Anderson, Garnet, Howard, Barbara, Thomson, Cynthia, LaCroix, Andrea, Wactawski-Wende, Jean, Jackson, Rebecca, Limacher, Marian, Margolis, Karen, Wassertheil-Smoller, Sylvia, Beresford, Shirley, Cauley, Jane, Eaton, Charles, Gass, Margery, Hsia, Judith, Johnson, Karen, Kooperberg, Charles, Kuller, Lewis, Lewis, Cora, Liu, Simin, Martin, Lisa, Ockene, Judith, OSullivan, Mary, Powell, Lynda, Simon, Michael, Van Horn, Linda, Vitolins, Mara, Wallace, Robert, Manson, JoAnn, Manson, JoAnn, Chlebowski, Rowan, Stefanick, Marcia, Aragaki, Aaron, Rossouw, Jacques, Prentice, Ross, Anderson, Garnet, Howard, Barbara, Thomson, Cynthia, LaCroix, Andrea, Wactawski-Wende, Jean, Jackson, Rebecca, Limacher, Marian, Margolis, Karen, Wassertheil-Smoller, Sylvia, Beresford, Shirley, Cauley, Jane, Eaton, Charles, Gass, Margery, Hsia, Judith, Johnson, Karen, Kooperberg, Charles, Kuller, Lewis, Lewis, Cora, Liu, Simin, Martin, Lisa, Ockene, Judith, OSullivan, Mary, Powell, Lynda, Simon, Michael, Van Horn, Linda, Vitolins, Mara, and Wallace, Robert

Abstract

IMPORTANCE: Menopausal hormone therapy continues in clinical use but questions remain regarding its risks and benefits for chronic disease prevention. OBJECTIVE: To report a comprehensive, integrated overview of findings from the 2 Womens Health Initiative (WHI) hormone therapy trials with extended postintervention follow-up. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: A total of 27,347 postmenopausal women aged 50 to 79 years were enrolled at 40 US centers. INTERVENTIONS: Women with an intact uterus received conjugated equine estrogens (CEE; 0.625 mg/d) plus medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA; 2.5 mg/d) (n = 8506) or placebo (n = 8102). Women with prior hysterectomy received CEE alone (0.625 mg/d) (n = 5310) or placebo (n = 5429). The intervention lasted a median of 5.6 years in CEE plus MPA trial and 7.2 years in CEE alone trial with 13 years of cumulative follow-up until September 30, 2010. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Primary efficacy and safety outcomes were coronary heart disease (CHD) and invasive breast cancer, respectively. A global index also included stroke, pulmonary embolism, colorectal cancer, endometrial cancer, hip fracture, and death. RESULTS: During the CEE plus MPA intervention phase, the numbers of CHD cases were 196 for CEE plus MPA vs 159 for placebo (hazard ratio [HR], 1.18; 95% CI, 0.95-1.45) and 206 vs 155, respectively, for invasive breast cancer (HR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.01-1.53). Other risks included increased stroke, pulmonary embolism, dementia (in women aged ≥65 years), gallbladder disease, and urinary incontinence; benefits included decreased hip fractures, diabetes, and vasomotor symptoms. Most risks and benefits dissipated postintervention, although some elevation in breast cancer risk persisted during cumulative follow-up (434 cases for CEE plus MPA vs 323 for placebo; HR, 1.28 [95% CI, 1.11-1.48]). The risks and benefits were more balanced during the CEE alone intervention with 204 CHD cases for CEE alone vs 222 cases for placebo (HR, 0.94; 95% CI

Published
2013

307. Dietary iron intake and serum ferritin concentration in 213 patients homozygous for the HFEC282Y hemochromatosis mutation

Author

Gordeuk, Victor R, Gordeuk, Victor R, Lovato, Laura, Barton, James C, Vitolins, Mara, McLaren, Gordon, Acton, Ronald T, McLaren, Christine, Harris, Emily L, Speechley, Mark, Eckfeldt, John H, Diaz, Sharmin, Sholinsky, Phyliss, Adams, Paul, Gordeuk, Victor R, Gordeuk, Victor R, Lovato, Laura, Barton, James C, Vitolins, Mara, McLaren, Gordon, Acton, Ronald T, McLaren, Christine, Harris, Emily L, Speechley, Mark, Eckfeldt, John H, Diaz, Sharmin, Sholinsky, Phyliss, and Adams, Paul

Abstract

BACKGROUND: HFEC282Y homozygotes have an increased risk for developing increased iron stores and related disorders. It is controversial whether dietary iron restrictions should be recommended to such individuals. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether dietary iron content influences iron stores in HFEC282Y homozygotes as assessed by serum ferritin concentration. DESIGN: Serum ferritin concentration was measured and a dietary iron questionnaire was completed as part of the evaluation of 213 HFEC282Y homozygotes who were identified through screening of >100,000 primary care patients at five HEmochromatosis and IRon Overload Screening (HEIRS) Study Field Centers in the United States and Canada. RESULTS: No significant relationships between serum ferritin concentration and dietary heme iron content, dietary nonheme iron content or reports of supplemental iron use were found. CONCLUSION: These results do not support recommending dietary heme or nonheme iron restrictions for HFEC282Y homozygotes diagnosed through screening in North America.

Published
2012

308. Quantifying mediating effects of endogenous estrogen and insulin in the relation between obesity, alcohol consumption, and breast cancer

Author

Hvidtfeldt, Ulla A, Gunter, Marc J, Lange, Theis, Chlebowski, Rowan T, Lane, Dorothy, Farhat, Ghada N, Freiberg, Matthew S, Keiding, Niels, Lee, Jennifer S, Prentice, Ross, Tjønneland, Anne, Vitolins, Mara Z, Wassertheil-Smoller, Silvia, Strickler, Howard D, Rod, Naja Hulvej, Hvidtfeldt, Ulla A, Gunter, Marc J, Lange, Theis, Chlebowski, Rowan T, Lane, Dorothy, Farhat, Ghada N, Freiberg, Matthew S, Keiding, Niels, Lee, Jennifer S, Prentice, Ross, Tjønneland, Anne, Vitolins, Mara Z, Wassertheil-Smoller, Silvia, Strickler, Howard D, and Rod, Naja Hulvej

Abstract

Increased exposure to endogenous estrogen and/or insulin may partly explain the relationship of obesity, physical inactivity, and alcohol consumption and postmenopausal breast cancer. However, these potential mediating effects have not been formally quantified in a survival analysis setting.

Published
2012

310. The effect of calcium plus vitamin D on risk for invasive cancer: results of the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) calcium plus vitamin D randomized clinical trial.

Author

Brunner, Robert L, Brunner, Robert L, Wactawski-Wende, Jean, Caan, Bette J, Cochrane, Barbara B, Chlebowski, Rowan T, Gass, Margery LS, Jacobs, Elizabeth T, LaCroix, Andrea Z, Lane, Dorothy, Larson, Joseph, Margolis, Karen L, Millen, Amy E, Sarto, Gloria E, Vitolins, Mara Z, Wallace, Robert B, Brunner, Robert L, Brunner, Robert L, Wactawski-Wende, Jean, Caan, Bette J, Cochrane, Barbara B, Chlebowski, Rowan T, Gass, Margery LS, Jacobs, Elizabeth T, LaCroix, Andrea Z, Lane, Dorothy, Larson, Joseph, Margolis, Karen L, Millen, Amy E, Sarto, Gloria E, Vitolins, Mara Z, and Wallace, Robert B

Abstract

In the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) trial of calcium plus vitamin D (CaD), we examined the treatment effect on incidence and mortality for all invasive cancers. Postmenopausal women (N = 36,282) were randomized to 1,000 mg of elemental calcium with 400 IU vitamin D3 or placebo. Cox models estimated risk of cancer incidence and mortality. After 7.0 yr, 1,306 invasive cancers were diagnosed in the supplement and 1,333 in the placebo group [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.98; CI = 0.90, 1.05, unweighted P = 0.54]. Mortality did not differ between supplement (315, annualized% = .26) and placebo [(347, 0.28%; P = 0.17; HR = 0.90 (0.77, 1.05)]. Significant treatment interactions on incident cancer were found for family history of cancer, personal total intake of vitamin D, smoking, and WHI dietary trial randomized group. Calcium/vitamin D supplementation did not reduce invasive cancer incidence or mortality. Supplementation lowered cancer risk in the WHI healthy diet trial arm and in women without a first-degree relative with cancer. The interactions are only suggestive given multiple testing considerations. The low vitamin D dose provided, limited adherence, and lack of serum 25(OH)D values should be considered when interpreting these findings.

Published
2011

311. Hot flashes in breast cancer survivors and an association with calcium supplement use

Author

Kimmick,Gretchen, Broadwater,Gloria, Vitolins,Mara, Kimmick,Gretchen, Broadwater,Gloria, and Vitolins,Mara

Abstract

Gretchen Kimmick1,2, Gloria Broadwater2, Mara Vitolins31Medical Oncology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem; 2Cancer Center Biostatistics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; 3Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USAAims: In breast cancer survivors, we aimed to describe the frequency of hot flashes and night sweats, frequency and type of treatment, and the association of hot flashes and use of calcium supplements.Methods: Charts of breast cancer survivors were reviewed for information about hot flashes, treatment for hot flashes, and calcium supplementation. Associations between variables were explored using the Chi-square test and Fisher’s Exact test.Results: Eighty-six charts were reviewed. Mean age of the women was 58 years and 79% were postmenopausal. Forty-two (49%) of women had hot flashes and 18 (21%) had night sweats. Thirty-one (36%) were treated for hot flashes. Treatment included selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors/serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (n = 19), clonidine (n = 7), Bellergal-S® (n = 8), sleep-aid (n = 7), and other (n = 5). Calcium supplementation was recorded in 31%. Of women with hot flashes, 44% took calcium supplements; of women without hot flashes, 18% took calcium supplements (Chi-square P = 0.02).Conclusion: Hot flashes were recorded in 49% of this group of primarily postmenopausal breast cancer survivors. Women with hot flashes were more likely to be taking calcium ­supplements. Further exploration of the association between hot flashes and calcium supplementation is warranted.Keywords: hot flashes, breast cancer, calcium supplementation

Published
2010

312. Soy use and vasomotor symptoms: Soy Estrogen Alternative follow-up study

Author

Vitolins,Mara, Case,L Douglas, Morgan,Timothy M, Miller,Margaret A, Burke,Gregory L, Vitolins,Mara, Case,L Douglas, Morgan,Timothy M, Miller,Margaret A, and Burke,Gregory L

Abstract

Mara Z Vitolins1, L Douglas Case1, Timothy M Morgan1, Margaret A Miller2, Gregory L Burke11Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, 2National Center for Toxicology Research, Food and Drug Administration Rockville, Maryland, USAPurpose: To evaluate vasomotor symptoms and soy and hormone therapy use in women who had previously participated in the Soy Estrogen Alternative (SEA) study, a trial conducted to compare the effects of soy protein supplements containing differing levels of isoflavones on menopausal symptoms, chronic disease risk factors, and health-related quality of life in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women.Participants and methods: Two years after the SEA study ended participants were recontacted to complete questionnaires to quantify their health status, medications, menopausal symptoms, and their use of hormone therapy and soy-based foods and supplements. Participants were also asked to record vasomotor symptoms for seven days.Results: Surveys were collected from 182 of the 241 participants who had been enrolled in the SEA study (76% response rate). Women were 55 ± 2.8 years of age, well educated (80% more than high school), and 93% reported good to excellent health. All but six reported experiencing at least one menopausal symptom, and 56% reported one or more hot flashes on one or more days. Eighty-one women (45%) continued to use soy for menopausal symptom relief, and 58 (32%) were using hormone therapy. Women taking hormone therapy were experiencing fewer and less severe hot flashes than those who were not taking hormone therapy (P < 0.001); hot flash frequency and severity did not differ significantly between those who did and did not use soy, after controlling for hormone therapy use.Conclusion: Most participants reported they were still experiencing menopausal symptoms. Additionally, half of the most symptomatic women (not taking hormone therapy) were still con

Published
2010

313. Whole-Exome Sequencing Identifies Rare and Low-Frequency Coding Variants Associated with LDL Cholesterol

Author

Lange, Leslie A., primary, Hu, Youna, additional, Zhang, He, additional, Xue, Chenyi, additional, Schmidt, Ellen M., additional, Tang, Zheng-Zheng, additional, Bizon, Chris, additional, Lange, Ethan M., additional, Smith, Joshua D., additional, Turner, Emily H., additional, Jun, Goo, additional, Kang, Hyun Min, additional, Peloso, Gina, additional, Auer, Paul, additional, Li, Kuo-ping, additional, Flannick, Jason, additional, Zhang, Ji, additional, Fuchsberger, Christian, additional, Gaulton, Kyle, additional, Lindgren, Cecilia, additional, Locke, Adam, additional, Manning, Alisa, additional, Sim, Xueling, additional, Rivas, Manuel A., additional, Holmen, Oddgeir L., additional, Gottesman, Omri, additional, Lu, Yingchang, additional, Ruderfer, Douglas, additional, Stahl, Eli A., additional, Duan, Qing, additional, Li, Yun, additional, Durda, Peter, additional, Jiao, Shuo, additional, Isaacs, Aaron, additional, Hofman, Albert, additional, Bis, Joshua C., additional, Correa, Adolfo, additional, Griswold, Michael E., additional, Jakobsdottir, Johanna, additional, Smith, Albert V., additional, Schreiner, Pamela J., additional, Feitosa, Mary F., additional, Zhang, Qunyuan, additional, Huffman, Jennifer E., additional, Crosby, Jacy, additional, Wassel, Christina L., additional, Do, Ron, additional, Franceschini, Nora, additional, Martin, Lisa W., additional, Robinson, Jennifer G., additional, Assimes, Themistocles L., additional, Crosslin, David R., additional, Rosenthal, Elisabeth A., additional, Tsai, Michael, additional, Rieder, Mark J., additional, Farlow, Deborah N., additional, Folsom, Aaron R., additional, Lumley, Thomas, additional, Fox, Ervin R., additional, Carlson, Christopher S., additional, Peters, Ulrike, additional, Jackson, Rebecca D., additional, van Duijn, Cornelia M., additional, Uitterlinden, André G., additional, Levy, Daniel, additional, Rotter, Jerome I., additional, Taylor, Herman A., additional, Gudnason, Vilmundur, additional, Siscovick, David S., additional, Fornage, Myriam, additional, Borecki, Ingrid B., additional, Hayward, Caroline, additional, Rudan, Igor, additional, Chen, Y. Eugene, additional, Bottinger, Erwin P., additional, Loos, Ruth J.F., additional, Sætrom, Pål, additional, Hveem, Kristian, additional, Boehnke, Michael, additional, Groop, Leif, additional, McCarthy, Mark, additional, Meitinger, Thomas, additional, Ballantyne, Christie M., additional, Gabriel, Stacey B., additional, O’Donnell, Christopher J., additional, Post, Wendy S., additional, North, Kari E., additional, Reiner, Alexander P., additional, Boerwinkle, Eric, additional, Psaty, Bruce M., additional, Altshuler, David, additional, Kathiresan, Sekar, additional, Lin, Dan-Yu, additional, Jarvik, Gail P., additional, Cupples, L. Adrienne, additional, Kooperberg, Charles, additional, Wilson, James G., additional, Nickerson, Deborah A., additional, Abecasis, Goncalo R., additional, Rich, Stephen S., additional, Tracy, Russell P., additional, Willer, Cristen J., additional, Altshuler, David M., additional, Abecasis, Gonçalo R., additional, Allayee, Hooman, additional, Cresci, Sharon, additional, Daly, Mark J., additional, de Bakker, Paul I.W., additional, DePristo, Mark A., additional, Donnelly, Peter, additional, Fennell, Tim, additional, Garimella, Kiran, additional, Hazen, Stanley L., additional, Jordan, Daniel M., additional, Kiezun, Adam, additional, Lettre, Guillaume, additional, Li, Bingshan, additional, Li, Mingyao, additional, Newton-Cheh, Christopher H., additional, Padmanabhan, Sandosh, additional, Pulit, Sara, additional, Rader, Daniel J., additional, Reich, David, additional, Reilly, Muredach P., additional, Schwartz, Steve, additional, Scott, Laura, additional, Spertus, John A., additional, Stitziel, Nathaniel O., additional, Stoletzki, Nina, additional, Sunyaev, Shamil R., additional, Voight, Benjamin F., additional, Akylbekova, Ermeg, additional, Atwood, Larry D., additional, Barbalic, Maja, additional, Barr, R. Graham, additional, Benjamin, Emelia J., additional, Bis, Joshua, additional, Bowden, Donald W., additional, Brody, Jennifer, additional, Budoff, Matthew, additional, Burke, Greg, additional, Buxbaum, Sarah, additional, Carr, Jeff, additional, Chen, Donna T., additional, Chen, Ida Y., additional, Chen, Wei-Min, additional, Concannon, Pat, additional, D’Agostino, Ralph, additional, DeStefano, Anita L., additional, Dreisbach, Albert, additional, Dupuis, Josée, additional, Durda, J. Peter, additional, Ellis, Jaclyn, additional, Fox, Caroline S., additional, Fox, Ervin, additional, Funari, Vincent, additional, Ganesh, Santhi K., additional, Gardin, Julius, additional, Goff, David, additional, Gordon, Ora, additional, Grody, Wayne, additional, Gross, Myron, additional, Guo, Xiuqing, additional, Hall, Ira M., additional, Heard-Costa, Nancy L., additional, Heckbert, Susan R., additional, Heintz, Nicholas, additional, Herrington, David M., additional, Hickson, DeMarc, additional, Huang, Jie, additional, Hwang, Shih-Jen, additional, Jacobs, David R., additional, Jenny, Nancy S., additional, Johnson, Andrew D., additional, Johnson, Craig W., additional, Kawut, Steven, additional, Kronmal, Richard, additional, Kurz, Raluca, additional, Lange, Leslie A., additional, Larson, Martin G., additional, Lawson, Mark, additional, Lewis, Cora E., additional, Li, Dalin, additional, Lin, Honghuang, additional, Liu, Chunyu, additional, Liu, Jiankang, additional, Liu, Kiang, additional, Liu, Xiaoming, additional, Liu, Yongmei, additional, Longstreth, William T., additional, Loria, Cay, additional, Lunetta, Kathryn, additional, Mackey, Aaron J., additional, Mackey, Rachel, additional, Manichaikul, Ani, additional, Maxwell, Taylor, additional, McKnight, Barbara, additional, Meigs, James B., additional, Morrison, Alanna C., additional, Musani, Solomon K., additional, Mychaleckyj, Josyf C., additional, Nettleton, Jennifer A., additional, North, Kari, additional, O’Leary, Daniel, additional, Ong, Frank, additional, Palmas, Walter, additional, Pankow, James S., additional, Pankratz, Nathan D., additional, Paul, Shom, additional, Perez, Marco, additional, Person, Sharina D., additional, Polak, Joseph, additional, Quinlan, Aaron R., additional, Raffel, Leslie J., additional, Ramachandran, Vasan S., additional, Rice, Kenneth, additional, Sanders, Jill P., additional, Schreiner, Pamela, additional, Seshadri, Sudha, additional, Shea, Steve, additional, Sidney, Stephen, additional, Silverstein, Kevin, additional, Smith, Nicholas L., additional, Sotoodehnia, Nona, additional, Srinivasan, Asoke, additional, Taylor, Kent, additional, Thomas, Fridtjof, additional, Tsai, Michael Y., additional, Volcik, Kelly A., additional, Wassel, Chrstina L., additional, Watson, Karol, additional, Wei, Gina, additional, White, Wendy, additional, Wiggins, Kerri L., additional, Wilk, Jemma B., additional, Williams, O. Dale, additional, Wilson, Gregory, additional, Wolf, Phillip, additional, Zakai, Neil A., additional, Hardy, John, additional, Meschia, James F., additional, Nalls, Michael, additional, Singleton, Andrew, additional, Worrall, Brad, additional, Bamshad, Michael J., additional, Barnes, Kathleen C., additional, Abdulhamid, Ibrahim, additional, Accurso, Frank, additional, Anbar, Ran, additional, Beaty, Terri, additional, Bigham, Abigail, additional, Black, Phillip, additional, Bleecker, Eugene, additional, Buckingham, Kati, additional, Cairns, Anne Marie, additional, Caplan, Daniel, additional, Chatfield, Barbara, additional, Chidekel, Aaron, additional, Cho, Michael, additional, Christiani, David C., additional, Crapo, James D., additional, Crouch, Julia, additional, Daley, Denise, additional, Dang, Anthony, additional, Dang, Hong, additional, De Paula, Alicia, additional, DeCelie-Germana, Joan, additional, Drumm, Allen DozorMitch, additional, Dyson, Maynard, additional, Emerson, Julia, additional, Emond, Mary J., additional, Ferkol, Thomas, additional, Fink, Robert, additional, Foster, Cassandra, additional, Froh, Deborah, additional, Gao, Li, additional, Gershan, William, additional, Gibson, Ronald L., additional, Godwin, Elizabeth, additional, Gondor, Magdalen, additional, Gutierrez, Hector, additional, Hansel, Nadia N., additional, Hassoun, Paul M., additional, Hiatt, Peter, additional, Hokanson, John E., additional, Howenstine, Michelle, additional, Hummer, Laura K., additional, Kanga, Jamshed, additional, Kim, Yoonhee, additional, Knowles, Michael R., additional, Konstan, Michael, additional, Lahiri, Thomas, additional, Laird, Nan, additional, Lange, Christoph, additional, Lin, Lin, additional, Lin, Xihong, additional, Louie, Tin L., additional, Lynch, David, additional, Make, Barry, additional, Martin, Thomas R., additional, Mathai, Steve C., additional, Mathias, Rasika A., additional, McNamara, John, additional, McNamara, Sharon, additional, Meyers, Deborah, additional, Millard, Susan, additional, Mogayzel, Peter, additional, Moss, Richard, additional, Murray, Tanda, additional, Nielson, Dennis, additional, Noyes, Blakeslee, additional, O’Neal, Wanda, additional, Orenstein, David, additional, O’Sullivan, Brian, additional, Pace, Rhonda, additional, Pare, Peter, additional, Parker, H. Worth, additional, Passero, Mary Ann, additional, Perkett, Elizabeth, additional, Prestridge, Adrienne, additional, Rafaels, Nicholas M., additional, Ramsey, Bonnie, additional, Regan, Elizabeth, additional, Ren, Clement, additional, Retsch-Bogart, George, additional, Rock, Michael, additional, Rosen, Antony, additional, Rosenfeld, Margaret, additional, Ruczinski, Ingo, additional, Sanford, Andrew, additional, Schaeffer, David, additional, Sell, Cindy, additional, Sheehan, Daniel, additional, Silverman, Edwin K., additional, Sin, Don, additional, Spencer, Terry, additional, Stonebraker, Jackie, additional, Tabor, Holly K., additional, Varlotta, Laurie, additional, Vergara, Candelaria I., additional, Weiss, Robert, additional, Wigley, Fred, additional, Wise, Robert A., additional, Wright, Fred A., additional, Wurfel, Mark M., additional, Zanni, Robert, additional, Zou, Fei, additional, Green, Phil, additional, Shendure, Jay, additional, Akey, Joshua M., additional, Bustamante, Carlos D., additional, Eichler, Evan E., additional, Fox, P. Keolu, additional, Fu, Wenqing, additional, Gordon, Adam, additional, Gravel, Simon, additional, Johnsen, Jill M., additional, Kan, Mengyuan, additional, Kenny, Eimear E., additional, Kidd, Jeffrey M., additional, Lara-Garduno, Fremiet, additional, Leal, Suzanne M., additional, Liu, Dajiang J., additional, McGee, Sean, additional, O’Connor, Timothy D., additional, Paeper, Bryan, additional, Robertson, Peggy D., additional, Staples, Jeffrey C., additional, Tennessen, Jacob A., additional, Wang, Gao, additional, Yi, Qian, additional, Jackson, Rebecca, additional, Anderson, Garnet, additional, Anton-Culver, Hoda, additional, Auer, Paul L., additional, Beresford, Shirley, additional, Black, Henry, additional, Brunner, Robert, additional, Brzyski, Robert, additional, Burwen, Dale, additional, Caan, Bette, additional, Carty, Cara L., additional, Chlebowski, Rowan, additional, Cummings, Steven, additional, Curb, J. David, additional, Eaton, Charles B., additional, Ford, Leslie, additional, Fullerton, Stephanie M., additional, Gass, Margery, additional, Geller, Nancy, additional, Heiss, Gerardo, additional, Howard, Barbara V., additional, Hsu, Li, additional, Hutter, Carolyn M., additional, Ioannidis, John, additional, Johnson, Karen C., additional, Kuller, Lewis, additional, LaCroix, Andrea, additional, Lakshminarayan, Kamakshi, additional, Lane, Dorothy, additional, Lasser, Norman, additional, LeBlanc, Erin, additional, Li, Kuo-Ping, additional, Limacher, Marian, additional, Logsdon, Benjamin A., additional, Ludlam, Shari, additional, Manson, JoAnn E., additional, Margolis, Karen, additional, Martin, Lisa, additional, McGowan, Joan, additional, Monda, Keri L., additional, Kotchen, Jane Morley, additional, Nathan, Lauren, additional, Ockene, Judith, additional, O’Sullivan, Mary Jo, additional, Phillips, Lawrence S., additional, Prentice, Ross L., additional, Robbins, John, additional, Rossouw, Jacques E., additional, Sangi-Haghpeykar, Haleh, additional, Sarto, Gloria E., additional, Shumaker, Sally, additional, Simon, Michael S., additional, Stefanick, Marcia L., additional, Stein, Evan, additional, Tang, Hua, additional, Taylor, Kira C., additional, Thomson, Cynthia A., additional, Thornton, Timothy A., additional, Van Horn, Linda, additional, Vitolins, Mara, additional, Wactawski-Wende, Jean, additional, Wallace, Robert, additional, Wassertheil-Smoller, Sylvia, additional, Zeng, Donglin, additional, Applebaum-Bowden, Deborah, additional, Feolo, Michael, additional, Gan, Weiniu, additional, Paltoo, Dina N., additional, Sholinsky, Phyliss, additional, and Sturcke, Anne, additional

Published
2014
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314. Menopausal Hormone Therapy and Health Outcomes During the Intervention and Extended Poststopping Phases of the Women’s Health Initiative Randomized Trials

Author

Manson, JoAnn E., primary, Chlebowski, Rowan T., additional, Stefanick, Marcia L., additional, Aragaki, Aaron K., additional, Rossouw, Jacques E., additional, Prentice, Ross L., additional, Anderson, Garnet, additional, Howard, Barbara V., additional, Thomson, Cynthia A., additional, LaCroix, Andrea Z., additional, Wactawski-Wende, Jean, additional, Jackson, Rebecca D., additional, Limacher, Marian, additional, Margolis, Karen L., additional, Wassertheil-Smoller, Sylvia, additional, Beresford, Shirley A., additional, Cauley, Jane A., additional, Eaton, Charles B., additional, Gass, Margery, additional, Hsia, Judith, additional, Johnson, Karen C., additional, Kooperberg, Charles, additional, Kuller, Lewis H., additional, Lewis, Cora E., additional, Liu, Simin, additional, Martin, Lisa W., additional, Ockene, Judith K., additional, O’Sullivan, Mary Jo, additional, Powell, Lynda H., additional, Simon, Michael S., additional, Van Horn, Linda, additional, Vitolins, Mara Z., additional, and Wallace, Robert B., additional

Published
2014
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315. Obesity and Late-Age Survival Without Major Disease or Disability in Older Women

Author

Rillamas-Sun, Eileen, primary, LaCroix, Andrea Z., additional, Waring, Molly E., additional, Kroenke, Candyce H., additional, LaMonte, Michael J., additional, Vitolins, Mara Z., additional, Seguin, Rebecca, additional, Bell, Christina L., additional, Gass, Margery, additional, Manini, Todd M., additional, Masaki, Kamal H., additional, and Wallace, Robert B., additional

Published
2014
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316. Nutrition and Physical Activity Cancer Prevention Guidelines, Cancer Risk, and Mortality in the Women's Health Initiative

Author

Thomson, Cynthia A., primary, McCullough, Marjorie L., additional, Wertheim, Betsy C., additional, Chlebowski, Rowan T., additional, Martinez, Maria Elena, additional, Stefanick, Marcia L., additional, Rohan, Thomas E., additional, Manson, JoAnn E., additional, Tindle, Hilary A., additional, Ockene, Judith, additional, Vitolins, Mara Z., additional, Wactawski-Wende, Jean, additional, Sarto, Gloria E., additional, Lane, Dorothy S., additional, and Neuhouser, Marian L., additional

Published
2014
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318. The adipokine profile of metabolically benign obese and at‐risk normal weight postmenopausal women: The Women's Health Initiative Observational Study

Author

Khan, Unab I., primary, Ogorodnikova, Alexandra D., additional, Xu, Linzhi, additional, Wang, Dan, additional, Wassertheil‐Smoller, Sylvia, additional, Ho, Gloria Y.F., additional, Sowers, Mary Fran R., additional, Rajpathak, Swapnil N., additional, Allison, Matthew A., additional, Mackey, Rachel H., additional, Vitolins, Mara Z., additional, Manson, JoAnn E., additional, and Wildman, Rachel P., additional

Published
2013
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319. Randomized Trial to Assess the Impact of Venlafaxine and Soy Protein on Hot Flashes and Quality of Life in Men With Prostate Cancer

Author

Vitolins, Mara Z., primary, Griffin, Leah, additional, Tomlinson, W. Vic, additional, Vuky, Jacqueline, additional, Adams, Paul T., additional, Moose, Dawn, additional, Frizzell, Bart, additional, Lesser, Glenn J., additional, Naughton, Michelle, additional, Radford, James E., additional, and Shaw, Edward G., additional

Published
2013
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324. Associations of serum insulin-like growth factor-I and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3 levels with biomarker-calibrated protein, dairy product and milk intake in the Women's Health Initiative

Author

Beasley, Jeannette M., primary, Gunter, Marc J., additional, LaCroix, Andrea Z., additional, Prentice, Ross L., additional, Neuhouser, Marian L., additional, Tinker, Lesley F., additional, Vitolins, Mara Z., additional, and Strickler, Howard D., additional

Published
2013
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325. Menopausal Hormone Therapy and Health Outcomes During the Intervention and Extended Poststopping Phases of the Women’s Health Initiative Randomized Trials

Author

Manson, JoAnn E., primary, Chlebowski, Rowan T., additional, Stefanick, Marcia L., additional, Aragaki, Aaron K., additional, Rossouw, Jacques E., additional, Prentice, Ross L., additional, Anderson, Garnet, additional, Howard, Barbara V., additional, Thomson, Cynthia A., additional, LaCroix, Andrea Z., additional, Wactawski-Wende, Jean, additional, Jackson, Rebecca D., additional, Limacher, Marian, additional, Margolis, Karen L., additional, Wassertheil-Smoller, Sylvia, additional, Beresford, Shirley A., additional, Cauley, Jane A., additional, Eaton, Charles B., additional, Gass, Margery, additional, Hsia, Judith, additional, Johnson, Karen C., additional, Kooperberg, Charles, additional, Kuller, Lewis H., additional, Lewis, Cora E., additional, Liu, Simin, additional, Martin, Lisa W., additional, Ockene, Judith K., additional, O’Sullivan, Mary Jo, additional, Powell, Lynda H., additional, Simon, Michael S., additional, Van Horn, Linda, additional, Vitolins, Mara Z., additional, and Wallace, Robert B., additional

Published
2013
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326. Incorporating prosocial behavior to promote physical activity in older adults: Rationale and design of the Program for Active Aging and Community Engagement (PACE)

Author

Foy, Capri G., primary, Vitolins, Mara Z., additional, Case, L. Douglas, additional, Harris, Susan J., additional, Massa-Fanale, Carol, additional, Hopley, Richard J., additional, Gardner, Leah, additional, Rudiger, Nicole, additional, Yamamoto, Kathryn, additional, Swain, Brittany, additional, Goff, David C., additional, Danhauer, Suzanne C., additional, Booth, Deborah, additional, and Gaspari, Jamie, additional

Published
2013
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327. Genome-Wide Association of Body Fat Distribution in African Ancestry Populations Suggests New Loci

Author

Liu, Ching-Ti, primary, Monda, Keri L., additional, Taylor, Kira C., additional, Lange, Leslie, additional, Demerath, Ellen W., additional, Palmas, Walter, additional, Wojczynski, Mary K., additional, Ellis, Jaclyn C., additional, Vitolins, Mara Z., additional, Liu, Simin, additional, Papanicolaou, George J., additional, Irvin, Marguerite R., additional, Xue, Luting, additional, Griffin, Paula J., additional, Nalls, Michael A., additional, Adeyemo, Adebowale, additional, Liu, Jiankang, additional, Li, Guo, additional, Ruiz-Narvaez, Edward A., additional, Chen, Wei-Min, additional, Chen, Fang, additional, Henderson, Brian E., additional, Millikan, Robert C., additional, Ambrosone, Christine B., additional, Strom, Sara S., additional, Guo, Xiuqing, additional, Andrews, Jeanette S., additional, Sun, Yan V., additional, Mosley, Thomas H., additional, Yanek, Lisa R., additional, Shriner, Daniel, additional, Haritunians, Talin, additional, Rotter, Jerome I., additional, Speliotes, Elizabeth K., additional, Smith, Megan, additional, Rosenberg, Lynn, additional, Mychaleckyj, Josyf, additional, Nayak, Uma, additional, Spruill, Ida, additional, Garvey, W. Timothy, additional, Pettaway, Curtis, additional, Nyante, Sarah, additional, Bandera, Elisa V., additional, Britton, Angela F., additional, Zonderman, Alan B., additional, Rasmussen-Torvik, Laura J., additional, Chen, Yii-Der Ida, additional, Ding, Jingzhong, additional, Lohman, Kurt, additional, Kritchevsky, Stephen B., additional, Zhao, Wei, additional, Peyser, Patricia A., additional, Kardia, Sharon L. R., additional, Kabagambe, Edmond, additional, Broeckel, Ulrich, additional, Chen, Guanjie, additional, Zhou, Jie, additional, Wassertheil-Smoller, Sylvia, additional, Neuhouser, Marian L., additional, Rampersaud, Evadnie, additional, Psaty, Bruce, additional, Kooperberg, Charles, additional, Manson, JoAnn E., additional, Kuller, Lewis H., additional, Ochs-Balcom, Heather M., additional, Johnson, Karen C., additional, Sucheston, Lara, additional, Ordovas, Jose M., additional, Palmer, Julie R., additional, Haiman, Christopher A., additional, McKnight, Barbara, additional, Howard, Barbara V., additional, Becker, Diane M., additional, Bielak, Lawrence F., additional, Liu, Yongmei, additional, Allison, Matthew A., additional, Grant, Struan F. A., additional, Burke, Gregory L., additional, Patel, Sanjay R., additional, Schreiner, Pamela J., additional, Borecki, Ingrid B., additional, Evans, Michele K., additional, Taylor, Herman, additional, Sale, Michele M., additional, Howard, Virginia, additional, Carlson, Christopher S., additional, Rotimi, Charles N., additional, Cushman, Mary, additional, Harris, Tamara B., additional, Reiner, Alexander P., additional, Cupples, L. Adrienne, additional, North, Kari E., additional, and Fox, Caroline S., additional

Published
2013
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330. Minority accrual on a prospective study targeting a diverse U.S. breast cancer population: An analysis of Wake Forest CCOP research base protocol 97609.

Author

Urbanic, James John, primary, Case, Doug, additional, Naughton, Michelle Joy, additional, Hu, Jennifer J., additional, Enevold, Gina, additional, Beech, Bettina, additional, Weaver, Kathryn E, additional, Danhauer, Suzanne, additional, Rapp, Steve, additional, Sheidler, Vivian, additional, Vitolins, Mara, additional, Lesser, Glenn, additional, and Shaw, Edward G., additional

Published
2013
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331. Factors relating to eating style, social desirability, body image and eating meals at home increase the precision of calibration equations correcting self-report measures of diet using recovery biomarkers: findings from the Women’s Health Initiative

Author

Mossavar-Rahmani, Yasmin, primary, Tinker, Lesley F, additional, Huang, Ying, additional, Neuhouser, Marian L, additional, McCann, Susan E, additional, Seguin, Rebecca A, additional, Vitolins, Mara Z, additional, Curb, J David, additional, and Prentice, Ross L, additional

Published
2013
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336. Association of diet quality score with periodontal disease in postmenopausal women: Evidence from the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study (WHI‐OS)

Author

Tinker, Lesley, primary, Millen, Amy, additional, Wactawski‐Wende, Jean, additional, Pettinger, Mary, additional, Sarto, Gloria, additional, Vitolins, Mara, additional, Wallace, Robert, additional, Freudenheim, Jo, additional, LaMonte, Michael, additional, and Genco, Robert, additional

Published
2013
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338. Self-reported diabetes is a valid outcome in pragmatic clinical trials and observational studies

Author

Jackson, Jody M., primary, DeFor, Terese A., additional, Crain, A. Lauren, additional, Kerby, Tessa, additional, Strayer, Lori, additional, Lewis, Cora E., additional, Whitlock, Evelyn, additional, Williams, Selvi, additional, Bonds, Denise E., additional, Vitolins, Mara Z., additional, Rodabough, Rebecca J., additional, and Margolis, Karen L., additional

Published
2013
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339. Food Fortification and Supplement Use—Are There Health Implications?

Author

Datta, Mridul and Vitolins, Mara Z.

Subjects
*DIETARY supplements, *FOOD industry, *VITAMIN content of food, *CALCIUM content of food, *FORTIFICATION
Abstract

Dietary supplements are a multi-billion dollar industry in the U.S., and their use is increasing exponentially. Additionally, many foods and beverages are increasingly being fortified with single or multiple vitamins and minerals. Consequently, nutrient intakes are exceeding the safe limits established by the Institute of Medicine. In this paper, we examine the benefits and drawbacks of vitamin and mineral supplements and increasing consumption of fortified foods (in addition to dietary intake) in the U.S. population. The pros and cons are illustrated using population estimates of folic acid, calcium, and vitamin D intake, highlighting concerns related to overconsumption of nutrients that should be addressed by regulatory agencies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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340. Low-fat dietary pattern and risk of colorectal cancer: the Women's Health Initiative Randomized Controlled Dietary Modification Trial.

Author

Beresford, Shirley AA, Beresford, Shirley AA, Johnson, Karen C, Ritenbaugh, Cheryl, Lasser, Norman L, Snetselaar, Linda G, Black, Henry R, Anderson, Garnet L, Assaf, Annlouise R, Bassford, Tamsen, Bowen, Deborah, Brunner, Robert L, Brzyski, Robert G, Caan, Bette, Chlebowski, Rowan T, Gass, Margery, Harrigan, Rosanne C, Hays, Jennifer, Heber, David, Heiss, Gerardo, Hendrix, Susan L, Howard, Barbara V, Hsia, Judith, Hubbell, F Allan, Jackson, Rebecca D, Kotchen, Jane Morley, Kuller, Lewis H, LaCroix, Andrea Z, Lane, Dorothy S, Langer, Robert D, Lewis, Cora E, Manson, JoAnn E, Margolis, Karen L, Mossavar-Rahmani, Yasmin, Ockene, Judith K, Parker, Linda M, Perri, Michael G, Phillips, Lawrence, Prentice, Ross L, Robbins, John, Rossouw, Jacques E, Sarto, Gloria E, Stefanick, Marcia L, Van Horn, Linda, Vitolins, Mara Z, Wactawski-Wende, Jean, Wallace, Robert B, Whitlock, Evelyn, Beresford, Shirley AA, Beresford, Shirley AA, Johnson, Karen C, Ritenbaugh, Cheryl, Lasser, Norman L, Snetselaar, Linda G, Black, Henry R, Anderson, Garnet L, Assaf, Annlouise R, Bassford, Tamsen, Bowen, Deborah, Brunner, Robert L, Brzyski, Robert G, Caan, Bette, Chlebowski, Rowan T, Gass, Margery, Harrigan, Rosanne C, Hays, Jennifer, Heber, David, Heiss, Gerardo, Hendrix, Susan L, Howard, Barbara V, Hsia, Judith, Hubbell, F Allan, Jackson, Rebecca D, Kotchen, Jane Morley, Kuller, Lewis H, LaCroix, Andrea Z, Lane, Dorothy S, Langer, Robert D, Lewis, Cora E, Manson, JoAnn E, Margolis, Karen L, Mossavar-Rahmani, Yasmin, Ockene, Judith K, Parker, Linda M, Perri, Michael G, Phillips, Lawrence, Prentice, Ross L, Robbins, John, Rossouw, Jacques E, Sarto, Gloria E, Stefanick, Marcia L, Van Horn, Linda, Vitolins, Mara Z, Wactawski-Wende, Jean, Wallace, Robert B, and Whitlock, Evelyn

Abstract

ContextObservational studies and polyp recurrence trials are not conclusive regarding the effects of a low-fat dietary pattern on risk of colorectal cancer, necessitating a primary prevention trial.ObjectiveTo evaluate the effects of a low-fat eating pattern on risk of colorectal cancer in postmenopausal women.Design, setting, and participantsThe Women's Health Initiative Dietary Modification Trial, a randomized controlled trial conducted in 48,835 postmenopausal women aged 50 to 79 years recruited between 1993 and 1998 from 40 clinical centers throughout the United States.InterventionsParticipants were randomly assigned to the dietary modification intervention (n = 19,541; 40%) or the comparison group (n = 29,294; 60%). The intensive behavioral modification program aimed to motivate and support reductions in dietary fat, to increase consumption of vegetables and fruits, and to increase grain servings by using group sessions, self-monitoring techniques, and other tailored and targeted strategies. Women in the comparison group continued their usual eating pattern.Main outcome measureInvasive colorectal cancer incidence.ResultsA total of 480 incident cases of invasive colorectal cancer occurred during a mean follow-up of 8.1 (SD, 1.7) years. Intervention group participants significantly reduced their percentage of energy from fat by 10.7% more than did the comparison group at 1 year, and this difference between groups was mostly maintained (8.1% at year 6). Statistically significant increases in vegetable, fruit, and grain servings were also made. Despite these dietary changes, there was no evidence that the intervention reduced the risk of invasive colorectal cancer during the follow-up period. There were 201 women with invasive colorectal cancer (0.13% per year) in the intervention group and 279 (0.12% per year) in the comparison group (hazard ratio, 1.08; 95% confidence interval, 0.90-1.29). Secondary analyses suggested potential interactions with baseline aspirin

Published
2006

341. Low-fat dietary pattern and risk of cardiovascular disease: the Women's Health Initiative Randomized Controlled Dietary Modification Trial.

Author

Howard, Barbara V, Howard, Barbara V, Van Horn, Linda, Hsia, Judith, Manson, JoAnn E, Stefanick, Marcia L, Wassertheil-Smoller, Sylvia, Kuller, Lewis H, LaCroix, Andrea Z, Langer, Robert D, Lasser, Norman L, Lewis, Cora E, Limacher, Marian C, Margolis, Karen L, Mysiw, W Jerry, Ockene, Judith K, Parker, Linda M, Perri, Michael G, Phillips, Lawrence, Prentice, Ross L, Robbins, John, Rossouw, Jacques E, Sarto, Gloria E, Schatz, Irwin J, Snetselaar, Linda G, Stevens, Victor J, Tinker, Lesley F, Trevisan, Maurizio, Vitolins, Mara Z, Anderson, Garnet L, Assaf, Annlouise R, Bassford, Tamsen, Beresford, Shirley AA, Black, Henry R, Brunner, Robert L, Brzyski, Robert G, Caan, Bette, Chlebowski, Rowan T, Gass, Margery, Granek, Iris, Greenland, Philip, Hays, Jennifer, Heber, David, Heiss, Gerardo, Hendrix, Susan L, Hubbell, F Allan, Johnson, Karen C, Kotchen, Jane Morley, Howard, Barbara V, Howard, Barbara V, Van Horn, Linda, Hsia, Judith, Manson, JoAnn E, Stefanick, Marcia L, Wassertheil-Smoller, Sylvia, Kuller, Lewis H, LaCroix, Andrea Z, Langer, Robert D, Lasser, Norman L, Lewis, Cora E, Limacher, Marian C, Margolis, Karen L, Mysiw, W Jerry, Ockene, Judith K, Parker, Linda M, Perri, Michael G, Phillips, Lawrence, Prentice, Ross L, Robbins, John, Rossouw, Jacques E, Sarto, Gloria E, Schatz, Irwin J, Snetselaar, Linda G, Stevens, Victor J, Tinker, Lesley F, Trevisan, Maurizio, Vitolins, Mara Z, Anderson, Garnet L, Assaf, Annlouise R, Bassford, Tamsen, Beresford, Shirley AA, Black, Henry R, Brunner, Robert L, Brzyski, Robert G, Caan, Bette, Chlebowski, Rowan T, Gass, Margery, Granek, Iris, Greenland, Philip, Hays, Jennifer, Heber, David, Heiss, Gerardo, Hendrix, Susan L, Hubbell, F Allan, Johnson, Karen C, and Kotchen, Jane Morley

Abstract

ContextMultiple epidemiologic studies and some trials have linked diet with cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention, but long-term intervention data are needed.ObjectiveTo test the hypothesis that a dietary intervention, intended to be low in fat and high in vegetables, fruits, and grains to reduce cancer, would reduce CVD risk.Design, setting, and participantsRandomized controlled trial of 48,835 postmenopausal women aged 50 to 79 years, of diverse backgrounds and ethnicities, who participated in the Women's Health Initiative Dietary Modification Trial. Women were randomly assigned to an intervention (19,541 [40%]) or comparison group (29,294 [60%]) in a free-living setting. Study enrollment occurred between 1993 and 1998 in 40 US clinical centers; mean follow-up in this analysis was 8.1 years.InterventionIntensive behavior modification in group and individual sessions designed to reduce total fat intake to 20% of calories and increase intakes of vegetables/fruits to 5 servings/d and grains to at least 6 servings/d. The comparison group received diet-related education materials.Main outcome measuresFatal and nonfatal coronary heart disease (CHD), fatal and nonfatal stroke, and CVD (composite of CHD and stroke).ResultsBy year 6, mean fat intake decreased by 8.2% of energy intake in the intervention vs the comparison group, with small decreases in saturated (2.9%), monounsaturated (3.3%), and polyunsaturated (1.5%) fat; increases occurred in intakes of vegetables/fruits (1.1 servings/d) and grains (0.5 serving/d). Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, diastolic blood pressure, and factor VIIc levels were significantly reduced by 3.55 mg/dL, 0.31 mm Hg, and 4.29%, respectively; levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, and insulin did not significantly differ in the intervention vs comparison groups. The numbers who developed CHD, stroke, and CVD (annualized incidence rates) were 1000 (0.63%), 434 (0.28%), and 1357 (0.86%) in the in

Published
2006

344. Body Fat and Breast Cancer Risk in Postmenopausal Women: A Longitudinal Study

Author

Rohan, Thomas E., primary, Heo, Moonseong, additional, Choi, Lydia, additional, Datta, Mridul, additional, Freudenheim, Jo L., additional, Kamensky, Victor, additional, Ochs-Balcom, Heather M., additional, Qi, Lihong, additional, Thomson, Cynthia A., additional, Vitolins, Mara Z., additional, Wassertheil-Smoller, Sylvia, additional, and Kabat, Geoffrey C., additional

Published
2013
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346. Gene-environment interactions and obesity traits among postmenopausal African-American and Hispanic women in the Women’s Health Initiative SHARe Study

Author

Velez Edwards, Digna R., primary, Naj, Adam C., additional, Monda, Keri, additional, North, Kari E., additional, Neuhouser, Marian, additional, Magvanjav, Oyunbileg, additional, Kusimo, Ibukun, additional, Vitolins, Mara Z., additional, Manson, JoAnn E., additional, O’Sullivan, Mary Jo, additional, Rampersaud, Evadnie, additional, and Edwards, Todd L., additional

Published
2012
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347. NEW LifeStyle: A Downloadable Teaching and Learning Program for Nutrition, Exercise, and Weight Management

Author

Miller, David P., primary, Crandall, Sonia J., additional, Davis, Stephen, additional, Ip, Edward, additional, Jamback, Gregg, additional, Burns, Cynthia, additional, Kronner, Donna, additional, Marion, Gail, additional, Spangler, John G., additional, Vaden, Karen, additional, Vernon, JoAnne, additional, and Vitolins, Mara Z., additional

Published
2012
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348. Effects of a dietary intervention and weight change on vasomotor symptoms in the Women’s Health Initiative

Author

Kroenke, Candyce H., primary, Caan, Bette J., additional, Stefanick, Marcia L., additional, Anderson, Garnet, additional, Brzyski, Robert, additional, Johnson, Karen C., additional, LeBlanc, Erin, additional, Lee, Cathy, additional, La Croix, Andrea Z., additional, Park, Hannah Lui, additional, Sims, Stacy T., additional, Vitolins, Mara, additional, and Wallace, Robert, additional

Published
2012
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349. Diabetes, Metformin, and Breast Cancer in Postmenopausal Women

Author

Chlebowski, Rowan T., primary, McTiernan, Anne, additional, Wactawski-Wende, Jean, additional, Manson, JoAnn E., additional, Aragaki, Aaron K., additional, Rohan, Thomas, additional, Ipp, Eli, additional, Kaklamani, Virginia G., additional, Vitolins, Mara, additional, Wallace, Robert, additional, Gunter, Marc, additional, Phillips, Lawrence S., additional, Strickler, Howard, additional, Margolis, Karen, additional, and Euhus, David M., additional

Published
2012
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