Author: "The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM)" - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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358 results on '"The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM)"'

301. A comparison of dilatometry and in-situ neutron diffraction in tracking bulk phase transformations in a martensitic stainless steel

Author: Mark T. F. Telling, K. S. Knight, Frédéric Christien, Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel (IMN), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), ISIS Facility, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL), Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC)-Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), Department of Materials, University of Oxford [Oxford], Department of Earth Sciences [NHM London] (DES-NHM), and The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM)
Subjects: 010302 applied physics, Austenite, Materials science, Rietveld refinement, Mechanical Engineering, Neutron diffraction, Metallurgy, Thermodynamics, 02 engineering and technology, Martensitic stainless steel, engineering.material, Atmospheric temperature range, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, Thermal expansion, Mechanics of Materials, Diffusionless transformation, Martensite, 0103 physical sciences, engineering, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], Dilatometry High temperature neutron diffraction Phase transformation Steel Austenite Martensite, General Materials Science, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: International audience; Phase transformations in the 17-4PH martensitic stainless steel have been studied using different in-situ techniques, including dilatometry and high resolution neutron diffraction. Neutron diffraction patterns were quantitatively processed using the Rietveld refinement method, allowing the determination of the temperature-dependence of martensite (α′, bcc) and austenite (γ, fcc) phase fractions and lattice parameters on heating to 1000 °C and then cooling to room temperature. It is demonstrated in this work that dilatometry doesn't permit an accurate determination of the end temperature (Ac3) of the α′ → γ transformation which occurs upon heating to high temperature. The analysis of neutron diffraction data has shown that the respective volumes of the two phases become very close to each other at high temperature, thus making the dilatometric technique almost insensitive in that temperature range. However, there is a very good agreement between neutron diffraction and dilatometry at lower temperature. The martensitic transformation occurring upon cooling has been analysed using the Koistinen-Marburger equation. The thermal expansion coefficients of the two phases have been determined in addition. A comparison of the results obtained in this work with data from literature is presented.
Published: 2013

302. Reticulamoeba Is a Long-Branched Granofilosean (Cercozoa) That Is Missing from Sequence Databases

Author: Sarah Romac, Cédric Berney, Sébastien Santini, David Bass, Akinori Yabuki, Department of life sciences, The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), Department of Zoology [Oxford], Wildlife Conservation Research Unit [Oxford], University of Oxford-University of Oxford, Marine Biodiversity Research Program, Information génomique et structurale (IGS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Evolution des Protistes et Ecosystèmes Pélagiques (EPEP), Adaptation et diversité en milieu marin (AD2M), Station biologique de Roscoff [Roscoff] (SBR), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff [Roscoff] (SBR), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), NERC [NE/H009426/1, NE/H000887/1], and University of Oxford [Oxford]-University of Oxford [Oxford]
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], lcsh:Medicine, Information Storage and Retrieval, Protozoology, computer.software_genre, 01 natural sciences, 18S ribosomal RNA, Databases, Genetic, Genome Databases, lcsh:Science, Clade, Phylogeny, 0303 health sciences, Likelihood Functions, Multidisciplinary, Phylogenetic tree, Database, Ecology, Marine Ecology, Genomics, Biodiversity, GenBank, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Cercozoa, Coastal Ecology, Research Article, Marine Biology, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, Microbiology, Microbial Ecology, 03 medical and health sciences, Eukaryotic Evolution, Phylogenetics, Animals, 14. Life underwater, 030304 developmental biology, DNA Primers, Evolutionary Biology, Base Sequence, Phylum, lcsh:R, Computational Biology, biology.organism_classification, Organismal Evolution, Metagenomics, Microbial Evolution, lcsh:Q, computer
Abstract: International audience; We sequenced the 18S ribosomal RNA gene of seven isolates of the enigmatic marine amoeboflagellate Reticulamoeba Grell, which resolved into four genetically distinct Reticulamoeba lineages, two of which correspond to R. gemmipara Grell and R. minor Grell, another with a relatively large cell body forming lacunae, and another that has similarities to both R. minor and R. gemmipara but with a greater propensity to form cell clusters. These lineages together form a long-branched clade that branches within the cercozoan class Granofilosea (phylum Cercozoa), showing phylogenetic affinities with the genus Mesofila. The basic morphology of Reticulamoeba is a roundish or ovoid cell with a more or less irregular outline. Long and branched reticulopodia radiate from the cell. The reticulopodia bear granules that are bidirectionally motile. There is also a biflagellate dispersal stage. Reticulamoeba is frequently observed in coastal marine environmental samples. PCR primers specific to the Reticulamoeba clade confirm that it is a frequent member of benthic marine microbial communities, and is also found in brackish water sediments and freshwater biofilm. However, so far it has not been found in large molecular datasets such as the nucleotide database in NCBI GenBank, metagenomic datasets in Camera, and the marine microbial eukaryote sampling and sequencing consortium BioMarKs, although closely related lineages can be found in some of these datasets using a highly targeted approach. Therefore, although such datasets are very powerful tools in microbial ecology, they may, for several methodological reasons, fail to detect ecologically and evolutionary key lineages.
Published: 2012

303. CBOL protist working group: barcoding eukaryotic richness beyond the animal, plant, and fungal kingdoms

Author: Jan Pawlowski, Stéphane Audic, Sina Adl, David Bass, Lassaâd Belbahri, Cédric Berney, Samuel S Bowser, Ivan Cepicka, Johan Decelle, Micah Dunthorn, Anna Maria Fiore-Donno, Gillian H Gile, Maria Holzmann, Regine Jahn, Miloslav Jirků, Patrick J Keeling, Martin Kostka, Alexander Kudryavtsev, Enrique Lara, Julius Lukeš, David G Mann, Edward A D Mitchell, Frank Nitsche, Maria Romeralo, Gary W Saunders, Alastair G B Simpson, Alexey V Smirnov, John L Spouge, Rowena F Stern, Thorsten Stoeck, Jonas Zimmermann, David Schindel, Colomban de Vargas, Department of genetics and evolution, Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Evolution des Protistes et Ecosystèmes Pélagiques (EPEP), Adaptation et diversité en milieu marin (AD2M), Station biologique de Roscoff [Roscoff] (SBR), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff [Roscoff] (SBR), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon] (U of S), Department of life sciences, The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), Laboratory of Soil Biology, Université de Neuchâtel (UNINE), Wadsworth Center, Department of Zoology, University of Kaiserslautern [Kaiserslautern], Institute of Botany and Landscape Ecology, Universität Greifswald - University of Greifswald, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Botanischer Garten und Botanischer Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Institute of Parasitology [České Budějovice] (BIOLOGY CENTRE CAS), Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences (BIOLOGY CENTRE CAS), Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS)-Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR), Department of invertebrate zoology, Saint Petersburg State Technical University, Saint Petersburg State Polytechnical University (SPSPU)-Saint Petersburg State Polytechnical University (SPSPU), Laboratory of Soil Biodiversity, Royal Botanic Garden [Edinburgh], Universität zu Köln = University of Cologne, Department of Systematic Biology [Uppsala], Evolutionary Biology Centre (EBC), Uppsala University-Uppsala University, University of New Brunswick (UNB), Department of Biology - Life Sciences Centre, Department of Invertebrate Zoology, National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), Sir AlisterHardyFoundationforOceanScience, TheLaboratory,CitadelHill,PlymouthPL12PB,UK, Dept of Ecology, University of Kaiserslautern, Smithsonian Institution National Museum of Natural History (NMNH), Consortium for the Barcoding of Life, European ERA-net program BiodivErsA under the BioMarKs project, French ANR project [09-BLAN-0348 POSEIDON], Swiss National Science Foundation [31003A-140766], University of Geneva [Switzerland], Royal Botanical Garden Edinburgh, Royal Botanical Garden, and Universität zu Köln
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Biodiversity, Protozoology, medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, DNA barcoding, ddc:590, Community Page, Naturvetenskap, Biology (General), Phylogeny, 0303 health sciences, Ecology, General Neuroscience, Protist, Eukaryota, Plants, Eukaryotic Cells, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Taxonomy (biology), Natural Sciences, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Genetic Markers, QH301-705.5, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, Microbiology, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Microbial Ecology, 03 medical and health sciences, Species Specificity, Phylogenetics, medicine, RNA, Ribosomal, 18S, Genetics, Animals, DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic, Ecosystem, 030304 developmental biology, Internet, General Immunology and Microbiology, fungi, Genetic Variation, Genetic divergence, Multicellular organism, Species richness, Ribosomes, Zoology, Software
Abstract: Animals, plants, and fungi—the three traditional kingdoms of multicellular eukaryotic life—make up almost all of the visible biosphere, and they account for the majority of catalogued species on Earth [1]. The remaining eukaryotes have been assembled for convenience into the protists, a group composed of many diverse lineages, single-celled for the most part, that diverged after Archaea and Bacteria evolved but before plants, animals, or fungi appeared on Earth. Given their single-celled nature, discovering and describing new species has been difficult, and many protistan lineages contain a relatively small number of formally described species (Figure 1A), despite the critical importance of several groups as pathogens, environmental quality indicators, and markers of past environmental changes. It would seem natural to apply molecular techniques such as DNA barcoding to the taxonomy of protists to compensate for the lack of diagnostic morphological features, but this has been hampered by the extreme diversity within the group. The genetic divergence observed between and within major protistan groups greatly exceeds that found in each of the three multicellular kingdoms. No single set of molecular markers has been identified that will work in all lineages, but an international working group is now close to a solution. A universal DNA barcode for protists coupled with group-specific barcodes will enable an explosion of taxonomic research that will catalyze diverse applications.
Published: 2012

304. SARIM PLUS--sample return of comet 67P/CG and of interstellar matter

Author: Zoltan Sternovsky, Patrick Michel, Jürgen Blum, Annette Jäckel, Francesca Esposito, Jürgen Schmidt, Thomas Stephan, Truell Hyde, V. Dikarev, Anton T. Kearsley, Priscilla C. Frisch, S. Sasaki, Peter Hoppe, Ralf Srama, S. Hsu, Stefanos Fasoulas, Addi Bischoff, Sascha Kempf, Hans-Peter Röser, N. Pailer, Zack Gainsforth, K. Fiege, Peter Jenniskens, J. Agarwal, Horst Uwe Keller, O. Vaisberg, Harald Krüger, Jochen Kissel, Frank Postberg, M. Kobayashi, Pasquale Palumbo, J. Baggaley, Mihaly Horanyi, A. Krabbe, Anny Chantal Levasseur-Regourd, Simon F. Green, P. Ehrenfreund, Alessandra Rotundi, Jon K. Hillier, Frank Spahn, T. Yamaguchi, C. Engrand, Mario Trieloff, Johan Silen, S. Auer, Geraint H. Jones, E. Khalisi, Eberhard Grün, Anna Mocker, Andrew J. Westphal, Rene Laufer, Veerle Sterken, Bernard Marty, Georg Herdrich, H. Henkel, James Carpenter, Nicolas Altobelli, Georg Moragas-Klostermeyer, Hajime Yano, Mark J. Burchell, Kathrin Altwegg, Institut für Raumfahrtsysteme (IRS), Universität Stuttgart [Stuttgart], Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik (MPIK), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung (MPS), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency [Sagamihara] (JAXA), University of Chicago, University of Kent [Canterbury], The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), Technische Universität Braunschweig = Technical University of Braunschweig [Braunschweig], Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics [Boulder] (LASP), University of Colorado [Boulder], European Space Research Institute (ESRIN), European Space Agency (ESA), University of California [Berkeley], University of California, University of Potsdam, European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CSNSM AS, Centre de Spectrométrie Nucléaire et de Spectrométrie de Masse (CSNSM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Centre de Recherches Pétrographiques et Géochimiques (CRPG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur (OCA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), University of California (UC), University of Potsdam = Universität Potsdam, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Solar System, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [PHYS.ASTR.EP]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], Comet dust, Comet, Churyumov Gerasimenko, Cosmic vision, [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], Sample return, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Astrobiology, Interplanetary dust cloud, Comet nucleus, 0103 physical sciences, Interplanetary dust, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, IMF, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Cosmic dust, Physics, Cometary dust, Mass spectrometry, Comet tail, 520 Astronomy, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 620 Engineering, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Dust collector, Interplanetary spaceflight, Interstellar dust
Abstract: The Stardust mission returned cometary, interplanetary and (probably) interstellar dust in 2006 to Earth that have been analysed in Earth laboratories worldwide. Results of this mission have changed our view and knowledge on the early solar nebula. The Rosetta mission is on its way to land on comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko and will investigate for the first time in great detail the comet nucleus and its environment starting in 2014. Additional astronomy and planetary space missions will further contribute to our understanding of dust generation, evolution and destruction in interstellar and interplanetary space and provide constraints on solar system formation and processes that led to the origin of life on Earth. One of these missions, SARIM-PLUS, will provide a unique perspective by measuring interplanetary and interstellar dust with high accuracy and sensitivity in our inner solar system between 1 and 2 AU. SARIM-PLUS employs latest in-situ techniques for a full characterisation of individual micrometeoroids (flux, mass, charge, trajectory, composition()) and collects and returns these samples to Earth for a detailed analysis. The opportunity to visit again the target comet of the Rosetta mission 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimeenternko, and to investigate its dusty environment six years after Rosetta with complementary methods is unique and strongly enhances and supports the scientific exploration of this target and the entire Rosetta mission. Launch opportunities are in 2020 with a backup window starting early 2026. The comet encounter occurs in September 2021 and the reentry takes place in early 2024. An encounter speed of 6 km/s ensures comparable results to the Stardust mission.
Published: 2012

305. First Record of an Encyrtid Wasp (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) as a True Primary Parasitoid of Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

Author: Gabriela Pérez-Lachaud, John Noyes, Jean-Paul Lachaud, LACHAUD, Jean-Paul, ECOSUR Unidad Chetumal, EI Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología [Mexico] (CONACYT)-Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología [Mexico] (CONACYT), The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale - UMR5169 (CRCA), Institut des sciences du cerveau de Toulouse. (ISCT), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale (CRCA), Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut des sciences du cerveau de Toulouse. (ISCT), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, Arboreal locomotion, [SDV.BA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology, Ecology, Host (biology), [SDV.BA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology, Parasitism, Hymenoptera, [SDV.EE.IEO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Symbiosis, Biology, biology.organism_classification, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Parasitoid, Pupa, 010602 entomology, [SDV.EE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, Genus, Insect Science, True primary, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Symbiosis
Abstract: Numerous cases of associations of encyrtid wasps with ants have already been reported. In the majority of these cases, however, wasps are associated only indirectly with ants (interference associations) through primary parasitism of the trophobionts (Coccoidea), which are exploited and protected by ants. Suspected direct parasitism cases are unusual and no direct attack of encyrtids on ants has ever been demonstrated. Here we provide both a revised list of all known cases of associations between encyrtid wasps and ants, and a report of the first record of a true primary encyrtid parasitoid of ants. Of two colonies of the arboreal ponerine ant, Pachycondyla goeldii (Forel), examined from French Guiana, one had 3 pupae parasitized by males and females of a gregarious, minute encyrtid wasp species, identified as Blanchardiscus pollux Noyes, and 2 other cocoons presented evidence of pararasitism. This first host record for the genus Blanchardiscus, which has always been placed near other genera that ...
Published: 2012

306. Selection and heating of colouring materials in the Mousterian level of Es-Skhul (c. 100 000 years BP, Mount Carmel, Israel)

Author: Salomon, Hélène, Vignaud, Colette, Coquinot, Yvan, Beck, Lucile, Stringer, Christopher Brian, Strivay, David, d'Errico, Francesco, Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne (EDYTEM), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de recherche et de restauration des musées de France (C2RMF), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC), Service de recherches de métallurgie physique (SRMP), Département des Matériaux pour le Nucléaire (DMN), CEA-Direction des Energies (ex-Direction de l'Energie Nucléaire) (CEA-DES (ex-DEN)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-CEA-Direction des Energies (ex-Direction de l'Energie Nucléaire) (CEA-DES (ex-DEN)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), Université de Liège, De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (PACEA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de Montagne (EDYTEM), and Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: préhistoire, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2012

307. Volcanic ash layers demonstrate resilience of Neanderthal and early Modern Humans to natural hazards

Author: Lowe, John, Barton, Nick, Blockley, Simon, Ramsey, Christopher Bronk, Cullen, Victoria L., Davies, William, Gamble, Clive, Grant, Katharine, Hardiman, Mark, Housley, Rupert, Lane, Christine S, Lee, Sharen, Lewis, Mark, Ferrier, Catherine, Guadelli, Jean-Luc, Royal Holloway [University of London] (RHUL), University of Oxford [Oxford], University of Southampton, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), Institut de Préhistoire et de Géologie du Quaternaire (IPGQ), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (PACEA), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)
Subjects: préhistoire, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2012

308. New national and regional bryophyte records, 32

Author: I Rēriha, Fariba Sharifnia, Jan Kučera, Daniel Spitale, Alfons Schäfer-Verwimp, Vincent Hugonnot, Marc Lebouvier, Terry A. Hedderson, Luis R. Pertierra, Francisco Lara, M Berhroozmand Motlagh, A. Mežaka, A J Shaw, Cecília Sérgio, L Liepina, Tamás Pócs, J. van Rooy, Ryszard Ochyra, G. Vončina, Philip Sollman, B Cykowska, Manuela Sim-Sim, D. A. Philippov, J. Váňa, S. Stow, R Natcheva, S. Akhoondi Darzikolaei, Vijay Nath, A Mazooji, Marko Sabovljevic, Vedran Šegota, Vítězslav Plášek, Līga Strazdiņa, Lukáš Číhal, Peter Erzberger, L Madžule, A Hölzer, César Garcia, P Bansal, Halina Bednarek-Ochyra, R. D. Porley, Antun Alegro, Nick Hodgetts, M V Dulin, D Claro, Nonkululo Phephu, Adam Stebel, Fahimeh Salimpour, Leonard T. Ellis, The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), University of Zagreb, National Botanical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Science, Inst Bot, Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Institute of Biology Komi Science Centre UB RAS, Freie Universität Berlin, Museu Nacl Hist Nat, Université de Lisbonne, Department of Botany, University of Cape Town, Conservatoire Botanique National du Massif Central, Conservatoire Botanique National, Institute of Systems Biology and Ecology (AS CR), Institute of Systems Biology and Ecology AS CR, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM), Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), University of Latvia (LU), West Tehran Islamic Azad University [Tehran] (WTIAU), Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (BAS), S African Natl Biodivers Inst, ID Papanin Inst Biol Inland Water RAS, Dept Biol & Ecol, Techn Univ Ostrava, Technical University of Ostrava [Ostrava] (VSB), Eszterhazy Karoly College, Cerca dos Pomares, Université de Belgrade, Botanical Garden, University of Belgrade [Belgrade], Herdwangen-Schönach, Institute for Research and Development of Sustainable Ecosystems, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering [Durham] (CEE), Duke University [Durham], Faculdade de Ciências [Lisboa], Universidade de Lisboa (ULISBOA), St Anna Parochie, Trento Museum of Natural Science, Med Univ Silesia, Charles University, Dept Bot, Charles University [Prague] (CU), Pieniny National Park, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Universidade de Lisboa = University of Lisbon (ULISBOA)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Forest floor, Colura calyptrifolia, Forestry, Plant Science, 15. Life on land, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Geography, Botany, Square (unit), Bryophyte, Ditrichum gracile, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Ditrichum gracile was recorded in the locality Samarske stijene in the Velika Kapela Mt for first time in Croatia. Ditrichum gracile occured within forests of common spruce belonging to the community Hyperico grisebachii - Piceetum on the forest floor, forming distinct patches of several square decimetres. The plants were of typical appearance, medium to robust, in reddish green to purplish black, rarely green patches.
Published: 2012

309. New national and regional bryophyte records, 30

Author: J. Váňa, E Giannouris, Denilson Fernandes Peralta, Evdoxia Tsakiri, Cecília Sérgio, Vítězslav Plášek, Halina Bednarek-Ochyra, Beáta Papp, Marc Lebouvier, Rony Ristow, O O Barsukov, Ivana Marková, P Manolaki, Erzsébet Szurdoki, V. M. Virchenko, Marko Sabovljevic, Leonard T. Ellis, César Garcia, Manuela Sim-Sim, Ryszard Ochyra, B Cykowska, C Kadis, Valdon R. Smith, The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), Polish Academy of Science, Inst Bot, Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Museu Nacl Hist Nat, Université de Lisbonne, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Biology [Patras], University of Patras [Patras], Bohemian Switzerland National Park Administration, Bohemian Switzerland National Park, Department of Botany, Hungarian Natural History Museum (Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum), Instituto de Botanica, Sao Paulo, Instituto de Botânica, Dept Biol & Ecol, Techn Univ Ostrava, Technical University of Ostrava [Ostrava] (VSB), Parque da Ciencia Newton Freire Maia, Université de Belgrade, Botanical Garden, University of Belgrade [Belgrade], Faculdade de Ciências [Lisboa], Universidade de Lisboa (ULISBOA), Stellenbosch University, Department of Botany, Aristotle University, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Charles University, Dept Bot, Charles University [Prague] (CU), Department of Lichenology and Bryology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (NASU), IPEV programme 136 ECOBIO, Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Patras, and Universidade de Lisboa = University of Lisbon (ULISBOA)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0303 health sciences, Plant Science, 01 natural sciences, 030308 mycology & parasitology, 03 medical and health sciences, Botany, Bryophyte, Bryum argenteum, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Column (botany), Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Geology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Intending contributors to this column should consult the Instructions to Authors in Part 1 of this volume.1. Bryum argenteum Hedw. var. muticum Brid.Contributors: R. Ochyra, H. Bednarek-Ochyra and ...
Published: 2012

310. New national and regional bryophyte records, 31

Author: L T Ellis, A Alegro, H Bednarek-Ochyra, R Ochyra, A Bergamini, A Cogoni, P Erzberger, P Górski, N Gremmen, H Hespanhol, C Vieira, L E Kurbatova, M Lebouvier, A Martinčič, A K Asthana, R Gupta, V Nath, R Natcheva, A Ganeva, T Özdemir, N Batan, V Plášek, R D Porley, M Randić, J Sawicki, W Schroder, C Sérgio, V R Smith, P Sollman, S Ştefănuţ, C R Stevenson, G M Suárez, B Surina, G Uyar, Z Modrič Surina, The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), University of Zagreb, Polish Academy of Science, Inst Bot, Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), WSL Lausanne, WSL, Università degli Studi di Cagliari = University of Cagliari (UniCa), Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Plant Genetics, Poznan, Netherlands Institute of Ecology, Universidade do Porto = University of Porto, Komarov Botanical Institute of Russian Academy of Science, Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Botanical Research Institute, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (BAS), Karadeniz Technical University (KTU), Dept Biol & Ecol, Techn Univ Ostrava, Technical University of Ostrava [Ostrava] (VSB), Cerca dos Pomares, University of Warmia and Mazury [Olsztyn], Ludwigsstadt, Museu Nacl Hist Nat, Université de Lisbonne, St Anna Parochie, Centre of Ecology, Taxonomy and Nature Conservation (CETNC), Romanian Academy of Sciences, Centre for Ecology and Hydrology [Lancaster] (CEH), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Fdn Miguel Lillo, Natural History Museum Rijeka, Zonguldak Karaelmas University, Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit Üniversitesi, Universita degli Studi di Cagliari [Cagliari], Universidade do Porto, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)
Subjects: Theoretical computer science, Computer science, Monte Carlo method, Calypogeia sphagnicola, Approximation algorithm, 0102 computer and information sciences, 02 engineering and technology, Plant Science, Resolution (logic), 01 natural sciences, Randomized algorithm, Development (topology), 010201 computation theory & mathematics, Order (exchange), 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Information system, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Algorithm design, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: WOS: 000305806500005, Turkish Scientific and Technical Research Council (TUBITAK)Turkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [108T566]; Institute of Biology of the Romanian Academy Bucharest [RO1567-IBB03/2012]; CIUNT (Secretaria de Ciencia y Tecnica, Universidad Nacional de Tucuman)Secretaria de Ciencia y Tecnologia (SECYT); CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas)Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET); Ucka Nature Park; 'Research and Development for Innovations' Operational Programme; European UnionEuropean Union (EU); state budget of the Czech Republic; Russian Foundation for Basic ResearchRussian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR) [11-04-01247-a]; Polish Ministry of Science and Higher EducationMinistry of Science and Higher Education, Poland [N N 303 796 940, N N 303 469 338, N N 304 028539], Z. Modric Surina, M. Randic,and A. Alegro are grateful to Professor Marko Sabovljevic from Institute of Botany, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade (Serbia) for confirming the determination of Calypogeia sphagnicola. The study by T. Ozdemir, N. Batan, and G. Uyar was supported by the Turkish Scientific and Technical Research Council (TUBITAK) with project code 108T566. S. Stefanut, is grateful to J. Vana for confirming the identity of Marsupella boeckii and acknowledges the support by project no. RO1567-IBB03/2012 through the Institute of Biology of the Romanian Academy Bucharest. C.R. Stevenson is grateful to Tom Blockeel for the identification of Orthotrichum schimperi and O. gymnostomum, and to Francisco Lara for confirming O. schimperi. G. M. Suarez thanks Richard Zander for comments and suggestions on his manuscript. His financial support was provided by CIUNT (Secretaria de Ciencia y Tecnica, Universidad Nacional de Tucuman) and CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas). A. Bergamini and A. Cogoni thank Alberto Spinelli for organizing the BRYOLICH excursion to Sardinia and Edi Urmi for help with locality information. The contribution of A. Martincic. and B. Surina was supported financially by Ucka Nature Park. P. Gorski is grateful to Professor Jiri Vana (Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic) for revision of herbarium specimens, and he acknowledges financial support from the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education through grant no. N N 304 028539. The contributions by H. Bednarek-Ochyra and R. Ochyra have been financially supported by the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education through grant nos. N N 303 796 940 (for H. Bednarek-Ochyra) and N N 303 469 338 (for R. Ochyra). They also thank the Curators at BM and NSW for the loan of the herbarium material. The field work of R. Ochyra and Marc Lebouvier on Iles Kerguelen was organized within programme 136 ECOBIO of the French Polar Institute (IPEV). The contribution by V. Plasek and J. Sawicki is part of a research project of the Institute of Environmental Technologies, reg. no. CZ.1.05/2.1.00/03.0100, supported by the 'Research and Development for Innovations' Operational Programme, and financed by the Structural Funds of the European Union and by the state budget of the Czech Republic. These authors would like to thank O. M. Afonina and L. E. Kurbatova for their kind permission to study herbarium materials in LE. The contributions by L. E. Kurbatova were financially supported by grants from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (Project 11-04-01247-a).
Published: 2012

311. DNA barcoding and molecular systematics of the benthic and demersal organisms of the CEAMARC survey

Author: Catherine Ozouf-Costaz, Piotr Kuklinski, Claudia P. Arango, Benjamin Pierrat, Arnaud Couloux, Lenaïg G. Hemery, Anne Chenuil, Dirk Steinke, Cyril Gallut, Guillaume Lecointre, Christopher L. Mah, Nicolas Puillandre, Huw J. Griffiths, Katarzyna Tarnowska, Bruno David, Françoise Denis, Nadia Améziane, Pierre Lozouet, Rachel A. Grant, Sarah J. Adamowizc, Elie Poulin, Agnès Dettai, Katrin Linse, Claire Piedallu, David K. A. Barnes, Angie Díaz, Thomas Saucède, Timothy D. O'Hara, Marc Eléaume, Aurélie Froger, Jan M. Strugnell, Corinne Cruaud, Victoria Wadley, Françoise Monniot, Louise Allcock, Jean-Pierre Féral, Darren W. Stevens, Peter J. Smith, Iain Barratt, Christoph D. Schubart, Mark D. Norman, Graham W. Hosie, Martin J. Riddle, Sarah Samadi, Gaël P.J. Denys, Christoph Held, Systématique, adaptation, évolution ( SAE ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Canadian Centre for DNA Barcoding, University of Guelph, Martin Ryan Marine Science Institute, National University of Ireland [Galway] ( NUI Galway ), School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University [Belfast] ( QUB ), Natural Environments Program, Queensland Museum, British Antarctic Survey ( BAS ), Natural Environment Research Council ( NERC ), Diversité, évolution et écologie fonctionnelle marine ( DIMAR ), Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] ( GENOSCOPE ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ), Biogéosciences [Dijon] ( BGS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Le Mans Université ( UM ), Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques ( BOREA ), Université des Antilles ( UA ) -Université de Caen Normandie ( UNICAEN ), Normandie Université ( NU ) -Normandie Université ( NU ) -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle ( MNHN ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad, Universidad de Santiago de Chile [Santiago] ( USACH ), Biologie des organismes marins et écosystèmes ( BOME ), Scott Polar Research Institute, University of Cambridge [UK] ( CAM ), Functional Ecology, Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research ( AWI ), Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities, Australian Antarctic Division, Natural History Museum, Institute of Oceanology, Polska Akademia Nauk ( PAN ), Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Smithsonian Institution-National Museum of Natural History, Museum Victoria, Museum Victoria [Melbourne], Biologie 1, Universität Regensburg ( UR ), National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research [Wellington] ( NIWA ), Department of Zoology, Systématique, adaptation, évolution (SAE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National University of Ireland [Galway] (NUI Galway), Queen's University [Belfast] (QUB), British Antarctic Survey (BAS), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Diversité, évolution et écologie fonctionnelle marine (DIMAR), Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] (GENOSCOPE), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] (BGS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Le Mans Université (UM), Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Biologie des organismes marins et écosystèmes (BOME), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), Australian Antarctic Division (AAD), Australian Government, Department of the Environment and Energy, The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Universität Regensburg (UR), National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research [Wellington] (NIWA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2, Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] [Dijon] (BGS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Systematics, Earth and Planetary Sciences(all), Marine life, Biology, Aquatic Science, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, DNA barcoding, Demersal zone, 14. Life underwater, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Barcode, Taxonomy, [SDV.GEN.GPO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Phylogeography, Cytochrome oxidase 1, [ SDV.GEN.GPO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], CEAMARC, Benthic zone, Molecular phylogenetics, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Taxonomy (biology), [ SDV.BID.SPT ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy
Abstract: 15 pages; International audience; The Dumont d'Urville Sea (East Antarctic region) has been less investigated for DNA barcoding and molecular taxonomy than other parts of the Southern Ocean, such as the Ross Sea and the Antarctic Peninsula. The Collaborative East Antarctic MARine Census (CEAMARC) took place in this area during the austral summer of 2007e2008. The Australian vessel RSVAurora Australis collected very diverse samples of demersal and benthic organisms. The specimens were sorted centrally, and then distributed to taxonomic experts for molecular and morphological taxonomy and identification, especially barcoding. The COI sequences generated from CEAMARC material provide a sizeable proportion of the Census of Antarctic Marine Life barcodes although the studies are still ongoing, and represent the only source of sequences for a number of species. Barcoding appears to be a valuable method for identification within most groups, despite low divergences and haplotype sharing in a few species, and it is also useful as a preliminary taxonomic exploration method. Several new species are being described. CEAMARC samples have already provided new material for phylogeographic and phylogenetic studies in cephalopods, pycnogonids, teleost fish, crinoids and sea urchins, helping these studies to provide a better insight in the patterns of evolution in the Southern Ocean.
Published: 2011

312. An annotated list of parasites (Isopoda, Copepoda, Monogenea, Digenea, Cestoda and Nematoda) collected in groupers (Serranidae, Epinephelinae) in New Caledonia emphasizes parasite biodiversity in coral reef fish

Author: František Moravec, Jean-Paul Trilles, Rod A. Bray, Ian Beveridge, Ian D. Whittington, Jean-Lou Justine, Geoffrey A. Boxshall, Systématique, adaptation, évolution (SAE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Melbourne, The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), Institute of Parasitology [České Budějovice] (BIOLOGY CENTRE CAS), Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences (BIOLOGY CENTRE CAS), Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS)-Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), Ecologie des systèmes marins côtiers (Ecosym), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Adelaide, and South Australian Museum (SAM)
Subjects: Serranidae, Nematoda, Coral reef fish, Parasitic Diseases, Animal, 030231 tropical medicine, Biodiversity, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, Digenea, 030308 mycology & parasitology, Copepoda, 03 medical and health sciences, Isopoda, Fish Diseases, 0302 clinical medicine, New Caledonia, Helminths, Animals, [SDV.MP.PAR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Parasitology, 14. Life underwater, Invertebrate, Epinephelinae, 0303 health sciences, biology, Ecology, Coral Reefs, Species diversity, biology.organism_classification, parasite biodiversity, Invertebrates, coral reef, Cestoda, Parasitology, Bass, coral reef New Caledonia, Monogenea
Abstract: International audience; Over a 7-year period, parasites have been collected from 28 species of groupers (Serranidae, Epinephelinae) in the waters off New Caledonia Host-parasite and parasite-host lists are provided, with a total of 337 host-parasite combinations, including 146 parasite identifications at the species level Results are included for isopods (5 species), copepods (19) monogeneans (56), digeneans (28), cestodes (12) and nematodes (12) When results are restricted to those 14 fish species for which more than five specimens were examined and to parasites identified at the species level, 109 host-parasite combinations were recorded, with 63 different species, of which monogeneans account for half (32 species), and an average of 4 5 parasite species per fish species Digenean records were compared for 16 fish species shared with the study of Cribb et al (2002), based on a total of 90 parasite records identified at the species level, New Caledonia has 17 new records and only seven species were already known from other locations We hypothesize that the present results represent only a small part of the actual biodiversity, and we predict a biodiversity of 10 different parasite species and 30 host-parasite combinations per serranid A comparison with a study on Heron Island (Queensland, Australia) by Lester and Sewell (1989) was attempted of the four species of fish in common and in a total of 91 host-parasite combinations, only six parasites identified at the species level were shared This suggests strongly that insufficient sampling impairs proper biogeographical or ecological comparisons Probably only 3% of the parasite species of coral reef fish are already known in New Caledonia
Published: 2011

313. How many species in the Southern Ocean? Towards a dynamic inventory of the Antarctic marine species

Author: De Broyer, Claude, Danis, Bruno, Allcock, Louise, Angel, Martin, Arango, Claudia, Artois, Tom, Barnes, David, Bartsch, Ilse, Bester, Marthan, Blachowiak-Samolyk, Kasia, Blazewicz, Magda, Bohn, Jens, Brandt, Angelika, Brandao, Simone Nunes, David, Bruno, de Salas, Miguel, Downey, Rachel, Eleaume, Marc, Emig, Christian, Fautin, Daphne, George, Kai-Horst, Gillan, David, Gooday, Andrew, Hopcroft, Russ, Jangoux, Michel, Janussen, Dorte, Koubbi, Philippe, Kouwenberg, Juliana, Kuklinski, Piotr, Ligowski, Ryszard, Lindsay, Dhugal, Linse, Katrin, Longshaw, Matt, Lopez-Gonzalez, Pablo, Patrick, Martin, Munilla, Tomas, Muehlenhardt-Siegel, Ute, Neuhaus, Birger, Norenburg, Jon, Ozouf-Costaz, Catherine, Pakhomov, Evgeny, Perrin, William, Petryashov, Victor, Pena-Cantero, Alvaro L, Piatkowski, Uwe, Pierrot-Bults, Annelies, Rocka, Anna, Saiz-Salinas, Jose, Salvini-Plawen, Luitfried, Scarabino, Victor, Schiaparelli, Stefano, Schroedl, Michael, Schwabe, Enrico, Scott, Fiona, Sicinski, Jacek, Siegel, Volker, Smirnov, Igor, Thatje, Sven, Utevsky, Andrei, Vanreusel, Ann, Wiencke, Christian, Woehler, Eric, Zdzitowiecki, Krzysztof, Zeidler, Wolfgang, Department of Invertebrates, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences ( RBINS ), Martin Ryan Marine Science Institute, National University of Ireland [Galway] ( NUI Galway ), Comité français d'histoire de la géologie ( COFRHIGEO ), Natural Environments Program, Queensland Museum, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria [South Africa], Epilepsy Centre, University Hospital Freiburg, Biogéosciences [Dijon] ( BGS ), AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques ( BOREA ), Université des Antilles ( UA ) -Université de Caen Normandie ( UNICAEN ), Normandie Université ( NU ) -Normandie Université ( NU ) -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle ( MNHN ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), BrachNet, National Oceanography Centre [Southampton] ( NOC ), University of Southampton [Southampton], Sektion Marine Evertebraten I, Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum, Juliana Children's Hospital, Haga Teaching Hospital, Natural History Museum, Institute of Oceanology, Polska Akademia Nauk ( PAN ), British Antarctic Survey ( BAS ), Natural Environment Research Council ( NERC ), Biodiversidad y Ecología de Invertebrados Marinos, Departamento de Fisiología y Zoología, Facultad de Biología, Laboratorio de Zoologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona [Barcelona] ( UAB ), Biology education, University of Munich, Systématique, adaptation, évolution ( SAE ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), GEOMAR - Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research [Kiel] ( GEOMAR ), Department of Earth, Environmental and Life Sciences ( DISTAV ), Universita degli studi di Genova, Ocean and Earth Science, Marine Biology Department, Ghent University [Belgium] ( UGENT ), Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies ( IMAS ), University of Tasmania, Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles ( I.R.Sc.N.B. ), Biologie des Eaux Douces, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), Department of Zoology [Galway], Martin Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland [Galway] (NUI Galway)-National University of Ireland [Galway] (NUI Galway), Comité français d'histoire de la géologie (COFRHIGEO), Department of Zoology and Entomology [Pretoria], Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] [Dijon] (BGS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), National Oceanography Centre [Southampton] (NOC), University of Southampton, Haga Teaching Hospital [Hague], The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), British Antarctic Survey (BAS), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Systématique, adaptation, évolution (SAE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research [Kiel] (GEOMAR), Department of Earth, Environmental and Life Sciences (DISTAV), Ocean and Earth Science [Southampton], University of Southampton-National Oceanography Centre (NOC), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies [Horbat] (IMAS), University of Tasmania [Hobart, Australia] (UTAS), Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles (I.R.Sc.N.B.), Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] (BGS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli studi di Genova = University of Genoa (UniGe), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies [Hobart] (IMAS), and Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique (IRSNB)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Species complex, Biodiversity, [SDV.BID]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity, Biology, Oceanography, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Information system, Taxonomic impediment, Species inventory, Ecosystem, 14. Life underwater, Southern Ocean, Taxonomy, Barcoding, [ SDV.BID ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Global change, 15. Life on land, Taxon, Habitat, Antarctic, Cybertaxonomy, Global biodiversity
Abstract: 13 pages; International audience; The IPY sister-projects CAML and SCAR-MarBIN provided a timely opportunity, a strong collaborative framework and an appropriate momentum to attempt assessing the “Known, Unknown and Unknowable” of Antarctic marine biodiversity. To allow assessing the known biodiversity, SCAR-MarBIN “Register of Antarctic Marine Species (RAMS)” was compiled and published by a panel of 64 taxonomic experts. Thanks to this outstanding expertise mobilized for the first time, an accurate list of more than 8100 valid species was compiled and an up-to-date systematic classification comprising more than 16,800 taxon names was established. This taxonomic information is progressively and systematically completed by species occurrence data, provided by literature, taxonomic and biogeographic databases, new data from CAML and other cruises, and museum collections. RAMS primary role was to establish a benchmark of the present taxonomic knowledge of the Southern Ocean biodiversity, particularly important in the context of the growing realization of potential impacts of the global change on Antarctic ecosystems. This, in turn, allowed detecting gaps in knowledge, taxonomic treatment and coverage, and estimating the importance of the taxonomic impediment, as well as the needs for more complete and efficient taxonomic tools. A second, but not less important, role of RAMS was to contribute to the “taxonomic backbone” of the SCAR-MarBIN, OBIS and GBIF networks, to establish a dynamic information system on Antarctic marine biodiversity for the future. The unknown part of the Southern Ocean biodiversity was approached by pointing out what remains to be explored and described in terms of geographical locations and bathymetric zones, habitats, or size classes of organisms. The growing importance of cryptic species is stressed, as they are more and more often detected by molecular studies in several taxa. Relying on RAMS results and on some case studies of particular model groups, the question of the potential number of species that remains to be discovered in the Southern Ocean is discussed.In terms of taxonomic inputs to the census of Southern Ocean biodiversity, the current rate of progress in inventorying the Antarctic marine species as well as the state of taxonomic resources and capacity were assessed. Different ways of improving the taxonomic inputs are suggested.
Published: 2011

314. New national and regional bryophyte records, 28

Author: S. Ştefănuţ, Lars Söderström, Zbyněk Hradílek, L T Ellis, Halina Bednarek-Ochyra, R. D. Porley, Cecília Sérgio, Ashish Kumar Asthana, Abha Srivastava, Manuela Sim-Sim, M. Lebouvier, Valdon R. Smith, María M. Schiavone, R. Natcheva, Maria Soledad Jimenez, Guillermo M. Suárez, J. Váňa, J Chlachula, V. Sahu, Henryk Klama, Ryszard Ochyra, Maria T. Colotti, Tamás Pócs, The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), National Botanical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Science, Inst Bot, Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Zlin University, Fdn Miguel Lillo, Department of Botany [Univ Palacký], Faculty of Science [Univ Palacký], Palacky University Olomouc-Palacky University Olomouc, Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste [Corrientes] (IBONE), Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias [Corrientes], Universidad Nacional del Nordeste [Corrientes] (UNNE)-Universidad Nacional del Nordeste [Corrientes] (UNNE), University of Bielsko-Biala, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (BAS), Eszterhazy Karoly College, Cerca dos Pomares, Museu Nacl Hist Nat, Université de Lisbonne, Faculdade de Ciências [Lisboa], Universidade de Lisboa (ULISBOA), Stellenbosch University, Norwegian University of Science and Technology [Trondheim] (NTNU), Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Centre of Ecology, Taxonomy and Nature Conservation (CETNC), Romanian Academy of Sciences, Charles University, Dept Bot, Charles University [Prague] (CU), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidade de Lisboa = University of Lisbon (ULISBOA), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, biology, Plant Science, biology.organism_classification, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Pottiaceae, Eustichia longirostris, Oceanography, Geography, Botany, Andreaea, Bryophyte, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Column (botany), Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Intending contributors to this column should consult the Instructions to Authors in part 1 of this volume.1. Andreaea flabellata Mull.Hal.Contributors: R. Ochyra, H. Bednarek-Ochyra & V. R. SmithP...
Published: 2011

315. Dental evidence for ontogenetic differences between modern humans and Neanderthals

Author: Almut Hoffman, Masrour Makaremi, Tanya M. Smith, Anthony J. Olejniczak, John P. Zermeno, Chris Stringer, Paul Tafforeau, Donald J. Reid, Michel Toussaint, Jakov Radovčić, Debbie Guatelli-Steinberg, Joane Pouech, Vincent Lazzari, Jean-Jacques Hublin, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), Institut International de Paléoprimatologie, Paléontologie Humaine : Evolution et Paléoenvironnement (IPHEP), Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Geology and Paleontology, Croatian Natural History Museum, Direction de l'Archéologie, Ministère de la Région wallonne, The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), Department of Human Evolution [Leipzig], Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology [Leipzig], and Max-Planck-Gesellschaft-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
Subjects: Neanderthal, Hominidae, Ontogeny, Zoology, 03 medical and health sciences, stomatognathic system, Middle Paleolithic, biology.animal, Animals, Humans, 0601 history and archaeology, History, Ancient, 030304 developmental biology, Paleodontology, 0303 health sciences, 060101 anthropology, Multidisciplinary, biology, Early weaning, hominin ontogeny, human evolution, modern human origins, tooth growth, biological rhythm, 06 humanities and the arts, Biological Sciences, biology.organism_classification, stomatognathic diseases, Human evolution, Homo sapiens, Odontogenesis, Age Determination by Teeth, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, Tooth
Abstract: Humans have an unusual life history, with an early weaning age, long childhood, late first reproduction, short interbirth intervals, and long lifespan. In contrast, great apes wean later, reproduce earlier, and have longer intervals between births. Despite 80 y of speculation, the origins of these developmental patterns in Homo sapiens remain unknown. Because they record daily growth during formation, teeth provide important insights, revealing that australopithecines and early Homo had more rapid ontogenies than recent humans. Dental development in later Homo species has been intensely debated, most notably the issue of whether Neanderthals and H. sapiens differ. Here we apply synchrotron virtual histology to a geographically and temporally diverse sample of Middle Paleolithic juveniles, including Neanderthals, to assess tooth formation and calculate age at death from dental microstructure. We find that most Neanderthal tooth crowns grew more rapidly than modern human teeth, resulting in significantly faster dental maturation. In contrast, Middle Paleolithic H. sapiens juveniles show greater similarity to recent humans. These findings are consistent with recent cranial and molecular evidence for subtle developmental differences between Neanderthals and H. sapiens . When compared with earlier hominin taxa, both Neanderthals and H. sapiens have extended the duration of dental development. This period of dental immaturity is particularly prolonged in modern humans.
Published: 2010

316. Digenean species diversity in teleost fish from a nature reserve off Corsica, France (Western Mediterranean), and a comparison with other Mediterranean regions

Author: Rodney A. Bray, David I. Gibson, Pierre Bartoli, Diversité, évolution et écologie fonctionnelle marine (DIMAR), Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), and Fieldwork on Corsica was carried out under the auspices of the Comité Scientifique de la Réserve Naturelle de Scandola, and P.B. was funded by the French Ministère de l’Environnement and by the Régional Authorities of Corsica.
Subjects: Nature reserve, Mediterranean climate, Ecology, Species diversity, Biodiversity, Biology, Teleosts, Digenean Diversity, Fishery, Western Mediterranean Nature Reserve, %22">Fish , [SHS.HIST]Humanities and Social Sciences/History, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Taxonomy
Abstract: Data on the digenean parasites of 2238 teleosts from the Scandola Nature Reserve off Corsica are presented. These represent the largest general survey of digenean parasites attempted in the Mediterranean region and is the result of major collections and systematic reports published over the past 20 years. The number of different digenean species recorded from 63 fish species was 102. Full parasite-host and host-parasite lists are presented, with information on the geographical distribution of the parasites, their site within the host and the prevalence, adundance and intensity of the infections. The digenean fauna of teleosts off Corsica is compared with that in other regions of the Mediterranean and the Black Sea. A more detailed analysis of the diversity of these parasites in sparid fishes indicates that the digenean diversity off Corsica is far greater than that in other parts of the Mediterranean.
Published: 2010

317. The relationship between CK and CV chondrites

Author: Richard C. Greenwood, Olivier Alard, Ian A. Franchi, Anton T. Kearsley, Planetary and Space Sciences [Milton Keynes] (PSS), School of Physical Sciences [Milton Keynes], Faculty of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics [Milton Keynes], The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU)-The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU)-Faculty of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics [Milton Keynes], The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU)-The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU), Department of Mineralogy [NHM LondoN], The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), Géosciences Montpellier, and Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: OXYGEN ISOTOPIC COMPOSITIONS, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Trace element, Analytical chemistry, Mineralogy, Exposure age, Classification scheme, EARLY SOLAR-SYSTEM, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Isotopes of oxygen, Parent body, Meteorite, Geochemistry and Petrology, Chondrite, [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, 0103 physical sciences, BODY AQUEOUS ALTERATION, Spectral analysis, CARBONACEOUS CHONDRITES, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience; CK chondrites are highly oxidized meteorites containing abundant magnetite and trace amounts of Fe,Ni metal. Although the group is predominately composed of equilibrated meteorites (types 4-6), in recent years a significant number of new samples have been classified as being either CK3 or CK3-anomalous. These unequilibrated CKs often display a close affinity with members of the CV oxidized subgroup. CKs and CVs (oxidized subgroup) may therefore form a continuum and by implication could be derived from a single common parent body. To investigate the relationship between these two groups a detailed study of the oxygen isotope composition, opaque mineralogy and major and trace element geochemistry of a suite of CV and CK chondrites has been undertaken. The results of oxygen isotope analysis confirm the close affinity between CV and CK chondrites, while excluding the possibility of a linkage between the CO and CK groups. Magnetites in both CV and CK chondrites show significant compositional similarities, but high Ti contents are a diagnostic feature of the latter group. The results of major and trace element analysis demonstrate that both CV and CK chondrites show overlapping variation. Supporting evidence for a single common source for both groups comes from their similar cosmic-ray exposure age distributions. Recent reflectance spectral analysis is consistent with both the CVs and CKs being derived from Eos family asteroids, which are believed to have formed by the catastrophic disruption of a single large asteroid. Thus, a range of evidence appears to be consistent with CV and CK chondrites representing samples from a single thermally stratified parent body. In view of the close similarity between CV and CK chondrites some modification of the present classification scheme may be warranted, possibly involving integration of the two groups. One means of achieving this would be to reassigned CK chondrites to a subgroup of the oxidized CVs. It is recognized that a full evaluation of this proposal may require further study of the still poorly understood CK3 chondrites.
Published: 2010

318. Punique virus, a novel phlebovirus, related to sandfly fever Naples virus, isolated from sandflies collected in Tunisia

Author: Xavier de Lamballerie, Laurence Bichaud, M. Derbali, Laetitia Ninove, Shelley Cook, Nicolas Salez, Gregory Moureau, Elyes Zhioua, Mylène Champs, Rémi N. Charrel, Ifhem Chelbi, Saifeddine Cherni, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Emergence des Pathologies Virales (EPV), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), and The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM)
Subjects: Phlebovirus, MESH: Sequence Analysis, DNA, MESH: Phlebovirus, MESH: Sandfly fever Naples virus, Sequence Homology, 0302 clinical medicine, Chlorocebus aethiops, Cluster Analysis, MESH: Animals, MESH: Sequence Homology, Sandfly Fever Sicilian Virus, MESH: Phylogeny, Phylogeny, 0303 health sciences, biology, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, MESH: RNA, Viral, RNA, Viral, MESH: Tunisia, MESH: RNA Replicase, Tunisia, 030231 tropical medicine, Molecular Sequence Data, MESH: Vero Cells, Virus, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Viral Proteins, MESH: Psychodidae, Virology, parasitic diseases, Animals, Psychodidae, Vero Cells, 030304 developmental biology, MESH: Molecular Sequence Data, Toscana virus, Sandfly fever Naples virus, Sequence Analysis, DNA, biology.organism_classification, RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase, MESH: Cercopithecus aethiops, MESH: Viral Proteins, MESH: Cluster Analysis, Sandfly, Novel virus
Abstract: International audience; Sandflies are widely distributed around the Mediterranean Basin. Therefore, human populations in this area are potentially exposed to sandfly-transmitted diseases, including those caused by phleboviruses. Whilst there are substantial data in countries located in the northern part of the Mediterranean basin, few data are available for North Africa. In this study, a total of 1489 sandflies were collected in 2008 in Tunisia from two sites, bioclimatically distinct, located 235 km apart, and identified morphologically. Sandfly species comprised Phlebotomus perniciosus (52.2%), Phlebotomus longicuspis (30.1%), Phlebotomus papatasi (12.0%), Phlebotomus perfiliewi (4.6%), Phlebotomus langeroni (0.4%) and Sergentomyia minuta (0.5%). PCR screening, using generic primers for the genus Phlebovirus, resulted in the detection of ten positive pools. Sequence analysis revealed that two pools contained viral RNA corresponding to a novel virus closely related to sandfly fever Naples virus. Virus isolation in Vero cells was achieved from one pool. Genetic and phylogenetic characterization based on sequences in the three genomic segments showed that it was a novel virus distinct from other recognized members of the species. This novel virus was provisionally named Punique virus. Viral sequences in the polymerase gene corresponding to another phlebovirus closely related to but distinct from sandfly fever Sicilian virus were obtained from the eight remaining positive pools.
Published: 2010

319. New national and regional bryophyte records, 25

Author: Ellis, L. T., Asthana, A. K., Sahu, Vinay, Bednarek-Ochyra, Halina, Ochyra, Ryszard, Cano, Maria J., Costa, D. P., Cykowska, Beata, Philippov, Dmitriy A., Dulin, Michail V., Erzberger, P., Lebouvier, Marc, Mohamed, Haji, Orgaz, J. D., Phephu, N., van Rooy, J., Stebel, A., Suarez, Guillermo M., Schiavone, Maria M., Townsend, Cliff C., Vana, Jiri, Voncina, G., Yayintas, Oezlem Tonguc, Yong, K. T., Zander, R. H., The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), National Botanical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Science, Inst Bot, Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Univ Murcia, Biol Vegetal Bot, Universidad de Murcia, Inst Pesquisas Jardim Bot Rio de Janeiro, Inst Pesquisas Jardim Bot, ID Papanin Inst Biol Inland Water RAS, Institute of Biology Komi Science Centre UB RAS, Freie Universität Berlin, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Univ Brunei Darussalam, S African Natl Biodivers Inst, Med Univ Silesia, Fdn Miguel Lillo, Charles University, Dept Bot, Charles University [Prague] (CU), Canakkale Onsekiz Mart Univ, University Malaya, Missouri Botanical Garden, Briand, Valerie, Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and University of Malaya = Universiti Malaya [Kuala Lumpur, Malaisie] (UM)
Subjects: [SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, CALYMPERACEAE, EUROPE, MOSS FLORA, CHECKLIST, POTTIACEAE, MUSCI, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, ISLANDS, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, GRIMMIACEAE, TAXONOMIC REVISION
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2010

320. Comet 81P/Wild 2: The size distribution of finer (sub-10 μm) dust collected by the Stardust spacecraft

Author: Price, M.C., Kearsley, A.T., Burchell, M.J., Horz, F., Borg, J., Bridges, J.C., Cole, M.J., Floss, C., Graham, G., Green, S.F., Hoppe, P., Leroux, H., Marhas, K.K., Park, N., Stroud, R., Stadermann, F.J., Telisch, N., Wosniakiewicz, P.J., School of Physical Sciences [Canterbury], University of Kent [Canterbury], The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), NASA Johnson Space Center (JSC), NASA, Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Space Research Centre [Leicester], University of Leicester, Washington University in Saint Louis (WUSTL), School of Physical Sciences [Milton Keynes], Faculty of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics [Milton Keynes], The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU)-The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU), Unité Matériaux et Transformations - UMR 8207 (UMET), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Lille (ENSCL)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AWE Aldermaston, Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Lille (ENSCL)
Subjects: [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: International audience; Abstract– The fluence of dust particles 10 μm in diameter and the resulting linear relationship of projectile to crater diameter was extrapolated to smaller sizes. We now describe a new experimental calibration program firing very small monodisperse silica projectiles (470 nm–10 μm) at approximately 6 km s−1. The results show an unexpected departure from linear relationship between 1 and 10 μm. We collated crater measurement data and, where applicable, impactor residue data for 596 craters gathered during the postmission preliminary examination phase. Using the new calibration, we recalculate the size of the particle responsible for each crater and hence reinterpret the cometary dust size distribution. We find a greater flux of small particles than previously reported. From crater morphology and residue composition of a subset of craters, the internal structure and dimensions of the fine dust particles are inferred and a “maximum‐size” distribution for the subgrains composing aggregate particles is obtained. The size distribution of the small particles derived directly from the measured craters peaks at approximately 175 nm, but if this is corrected to allow for aggregate grains, the peak in subgrain sizes is at
Published: 2010

321. Micropterix of Cyprus and the Middle East (Micropterigidae)

Author: Zeller-Lukashort, Christof, Kurz, Michael, Lees, David, Schwartz-Tzachor, Racheli, The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), Natural History Society, Partenaires INRAE, Unité de recherche Zoologie Forestière (URZF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Department of Entomology, Natural History Museum [Oslo], University of Oslo (UiO)-University of Oslo (UiO), and Ramat Hanadiv
Subjects: SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION, chypre, taxonomie, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], MICROPTERIX ELEGANS, israël, POPULATION BIOLOGY, MICROPTERIX CYPRIENSIS, MICROPTERIX OF CYPRUS, POPULATION GENETICS, MIDDLE EAST, INSECT, TAXONOMY, CYPRUS, MEDITERRANEAN COUNTRIES, INSECTE, CYCLAMEN, BIOLOGIE DES POPULATIONS, GENETIQUE DES POPULATIONS, MICROPTERIGIDAE, MICROPTERIX BERYTELLA, MICROPTERIX ISLAMELLA, distribution spatiale, moyen orient, pays méditerranéen, cyclamen persicum, lepidoptera
Abstract: International audience; All known species of the genus Micropterix Hübner, 1825 (Micropterigidae) from Cyprus (Micropterix cypriensis Heath, 1985) and the Middle East (Israel, Lebanon: Micropterix berytella de Joannis, 1886, Micropterix elegans Stainton, 1867 and Micropterix islamella Amsel, 1935) are treated. The male genitalia of Micropterix islamella Amsel, 1935 are illustrated for the fi rst time. The association of two Micropterix species with Cyclamen persicum Mill. (Myrsinaceae) is detailed. Adults and male genitalia of all species are illustrated, showing the habitus of all species in their natural environment.
Published: 2009

322. The Fossil Record and Evolution of Bovidae: State of the Field

Author: Bibi, Faysal, Bukhsianidze, Maia, Gentry, Alan, Geraads, Denis, Kostopoulos, Dimitris, Vrba, Elisabeth, Department of Geology and Geophysics, Yale University, Yale University [New Haven], The National Museum of Georgia, Department of Palaeontology, Natural History Museum, London, The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), Dynamique de l'évolution humaine : individus, populations, espèces [Paris] (DEHIPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Geology, Thessaloniki, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, and Geraads, Denis
Subjects: Biogeography, [SHS.ENVIR] Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studies, Systematics, [SHS.ENVIR]Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studies, Bovidae, [SDU.STU.PG] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, Miocene, late, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, Phylogeny
Abstract: http://www.palaeo-electronica.org/2009_3/169/index.html; International audience; This paper presents a summary of the current state of knowledge on the evolution and fossil record of Bovidae and identifies topics and problems for further study. The earliest records of the different bovid tribes are reviewed, along with their geographic locations. Future work on the fossil bovid record should focus on: the reinvestigation of osteological characters that might distinguish early bovids from stem taxa; the late Miocene fossil record with respect to the evolutionary origins and biogeography of the living bovid tribes; and improved methodologies for reconstructing bovid phylogeny using morphology. This paper reflects the main themes discussed at the meeting of the Revealing Hominid Origins Initiative Bovid Analytical Working Group in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Published: 2009

323. Bionomics, taxonomy, and distribution of the major malaria vector taxa of Anopheles subgenus Cellia in Southeast Asia : an updated review

Author: Isabelle Dusfour, Sylvie Manguin, Marc Coosemans, Ralph E. Harbach, Claire Garros, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), and Universiteit Antwerpen [Antwerpen]
Subjects: Culicifacies Complex, Disease Vectors, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, 030308 mycology & parasitology, 0302 clinical medicine, Minimus complex, Maculatus Group, Taxonomic rank, Asia, Southeast, Asia, Southeastern, 0303 health sciences, Ecology, Geography, Leucosphyrus complex, Protozoal diseases, Vectors, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, Molecular epidemiology, Molecular phylogenetics, Taxonomy (biology), Microbiology (medical), Leucosphyrus Complex, Asia, 030231 tropical medicine, Dirus Complex, Bionomics, Biology, Fluviatilis Complex, Microbiology, Insect Control, 03 medical and health sciences, Anopheles, parasitic diseases, Genetics, medicine, Animals, Molecular Biology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Demography, Taxonomy, Species, Culicifacies complex, Fluviatilis complex, medicine.disease, Dirus complex, Sundaicus complex, Malaria, [SDV.BA.ZI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Invertebrate Zoology, Taxon, Review of the literature, Vector (epidemiology), Maculatus group, Sundaicus Complex, Geographical distribution, Minimus Complex
Abstract: International audience; There is high diversity of Anopheles mosquitoes in Southeast Asia and the main vectors of malaria belong to complexes or groups of species that are difficult or impossible to distinguish due to overlapping morphological characteristics. Recent advances in molecular systematics have provided simple and reliable methods for unambiguous species identification. This review summarizes the latest information on the seven taxonomic groups that include principal malaria vectors in Southeast Asia, i.e. the Minimus, Fluviatilis, Culicifacies, Dirus, Leucosphyrus, and Sundaicus Complexes, and the Maculatus Group. Main issues still to be resolved are highlighted. The growing knowledge on malaria vectors in Southeast Asia has implications for vector control programs, the success of which is highly dependant on precise information about the biology and behavior of the vector species. Acquisition of this information, and consequently the application of appropriate, sustainable control measures, depends on our ability to accurately identify the specific vectors.
Published: 2008

324. Stardust interstellar preliminary examination - First results

Author: Westphal, A. J., Allen, C., Bajt, S., Bastien, Renaud, Bechtel, H. A., Borg, J., Brenker, F., Bridges, G., Brownlee, D. E., Butterworth, A. L., Burchell, M., Burghammer, Manfred, Clark, B., Cody, G., Floss, C., Flynn, G., Frank, D., Gainsforth, Z., Grün, E., Hoppe, P., Kearsley, A., Kelley, N., Leroux, H., Nittler, L. R., Lettieri, R., Mendez, B., Marchant, W., Sandford, S. A., Simionovici, Alexandre, Stadermann, F., Sternovsky, Z., Stroud, R. M., Sutton, S., Tsou, P., Tsuchiyama, A., Tyliczszak, T., Vekemans, B., Vincze, L., Warren, J., Zolensky, M. E., Space Sciences Laboratory [Berkeley] (SSL), University of California [Berkeley], University of California-University of California, NASA Johnson Space Center (JSC), NASA, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron [Zeuthen] (DESY), Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft, Advanced Light Source [LBNL Berkeley] (ALS), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, University of Leicester, University of Washington [Seattle], University of Kent [Canterbury], European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), Lockheed Martin Corporation, Carnegie Institution for Science [Washington], Washington University in St Louis, State University of New York at Plattsburgh (SUNY Plattsburgh), State University of New York (SUNY), Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik (MPIK), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Max-Planck-Institut für Chemie (MPIC), The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies, NASA Ames Research Center (ARC), Laboratoire de Géophysique Interne et Tectonophysique (LGIT), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR), University of Colorado [Boulder], Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), Advanced Photon Source [ANL] (APS), Argonne National Laboratory [Lemont] (ANL)-University of Chicago-US Department of Energy, Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Graduate School of Science, Department of Earth and Space Science, Osaka University [Osaka], Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, Washington University in Saint Louis (WUSTL), Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and California Institute of Technology (CALTECH)-NASA
Subjects: [SDU.ASTR.SR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR]
Abstract: International audience; The Stardust spacecraft exposed an aerogel and aluminum foil collector to the interstellar dust stream for a total of 195 days before its encounter with Comet P81/Wild2. We report the first results of the Stardust Interstellar Preliminary Examination. This is a formidable task because of the large collecting area (~1000 cm 2), the small expected statistics (a few dozen particles), the diminutive size of the captured particles (23,000 “citizen scientists” worldwide using the Stardust@home virtual microscope tools. We have confirmed this identification of secondary ejecta by the identification of Ce and Zn in these particles, but also detected evidence for extraterrestrial material from the original impactors in the form of Fe, Ni and Mg. FTIR and STXM analyses give quantitative upper limits on extraterrestrial organics, and have allowed for the quantitative evaluation of beam damage and carbon deposition during analyses. We have also identified alumina as a contaminant in the aerogel. No measurements have yet been made on the Al foil collectors.
Published: 2008

325. Reassessment of the oldest British turtle: Protochelys from the Middle Jurassic Stonesfield Slate of Stonesfield, Oxfordshire, UK

Author: Jérémy Anquetin, Claude, J., The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Bibal, Christine
Subjects: [SDE.BE.EVO] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology/domain_sde.be.evo, Reptilia, England, Middle Jurassic, Testudinata, Protochelys, taphonomy, [SDE.BE.EVO]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology/domain_sde.be.evo, epidermal scale, Stonesfield Slate, 14. Life underwater, 15. Life on land, Bathonian
Abstract: International audience; Protochelys Lydekker, 1889 from the Stonesfield Slate (middle Bathonian) is the oldest British turtle and the only record to date of fossil epidermal shell scales preserved isolated from underlying bone. Although known since the 1840s, these remains have never been properly described, figured or compared with other taxa. Here, we provide a thorough reassessment of the available material with a discussion of the exceptional preservation of isolated scales. We conclude that: 1) no satisfactory diagnosis of this taxon can be proposed and Protochelys blakii (Mackie, 1863) has to be considered nomen dubium; 2) the carapace of the Stonesfield turtle has a plesiomorphic morphology (vertebral scales twice as wide as long; fifth vertebral scale as wide anteriorly as it is posteriorly; pleural scales longer than wide) shared with numerous basal turtles. The fossilisation of turtle epidermal scales is extremely rare (only two other examples are known). The Stonesfield material is unique in that the scales are isolated, without underlying bone. A review of the literature shows that isolation of shell scales occurs as a result of two processes: shedding of old scale layers during growth or post mortem disarticulation. We favour the disarticulation hypothesis because complete scales are thicker and more likely to preserve the well-developed ornamentation shown by the Stonesfield scales.
Published: 2008

326. 82,000-year-old shell beads from North Africa and implications for the origins of modern human behavior

Author: Thomas Higham, Edward Hodge, Simon A. Parfitt, Chris Stringer, Edward J. Rhodes, Marian Vanhaeren, Abdelhamid Stambouli, Jean-Luc Schwenninger, Abdeljalil Bouzouggar, S.N. Collcutt, Nick Barton, Francesco d'Errico, Steven Ward, Elaine Turner, Abdelkrim Moutmir, Institut National des Sciences de l'Archéologie et du Patrimoine (INSAP), Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC), Institute of Archaeology, University of Oxford [Oxford], Archéologies et Sciences de l'Antiquité (ArScAn), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (PACEA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Oxford Archaeological Associates Ltd, Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art, The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), Research Schools of Earth Sciences and of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University (ANU), Römisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum Mainz, RGZM, Centre for the Environment, Laboratoire des Recherches d'Analyses Techniques et Scientifiques, Gendarmerie Royale, University of Oxford, and Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Symbolism, 010506 paleontology, Behavioral modernity, Geologic Sediments, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, modern behavior, Archaeological record, Culture, Snails, Social Sciences, Howiesons Poort, Biology, 01 natural sciences, Ferric Compounds, Africa, Northern, Aterian, Middle Palaeolithic, Animals, Humans, 0601 history and archaeology, Middle Stone Age, History, Ancient, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Multidisciplinary, 060102 archaeology, Nassarius shells, Fossils, 06 humanities and the arts, Pigments, Biological, Archaeology, Iberomaurusian, anatomically modern humans, Luminescent Measurements, optically stimulated luminescence, Aurignacian, Chronology
Abstract: The first appearance of explicitly symbolic objects in the archaeological record marks a fundamental stage in the emergence of modern social behavior in Homo . Ornaments such as shell beads represent some of the earliest objects of this kind. We report on examples of perforated Nassarius gibbosulus shell beads from Grotte des Pigeons (Taforalt, Morocco), North Africa. These marine shells come from archaeological levels dated by luminescence and uranium-series techniques to ≈82,000 years ago. They confirm evidence of similar ornaments from other less well dated sites in North Africa and adjacent areas of southwest Asia. The shells are of the same genus as shell beads from slightly younger levels at Blombos Cave in South Africa. Wear patterns on the shells imply that some of them were suspended, and, as at Blombos, they were covered in red ochre. These findings imply an early distribution of bead-making in Africa and southwest Asia at least 40 millennia before the appearance of similar cultural manifestations in Europe.
Published: 2007

327. Amassing diversity in an ancient lake: evolution of a morphologically diverse parthenogenetic gastropod assemblage in Lake Malawi

Author: Martin J, Genner, Jonathan A, Todd, Ellinor, Michel, Dirk, Erpenbeck, Abayomi, Jimoh, Domino A, Joyce, Andrzej, Piechocki, Jean-Pierre, Pointier, Department of Biological Sciences [Hull], University of Hull, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA)-Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), Biodiversity Program, Queensland Museum, Department of Fisheries, Lagos State University (LASU), Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Hydrobiology, Łódź University of Technology, Parasitologie fonctionnelle et évolutive [2003-2006] (PFE), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)
Subjects: MESH: Africa, Eastern, MESH: Parthenogenesis, MESH: Gastropoda, MESH: Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length, [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], Gastropoda, Parthenogenesis, MESH: DNA, Mitochondrial, Fresh Water, Biodiversity, Africa, Eastern, Biological Evolution, DNA, Mitochondrial, MESH: Biodiversity, MESH: Evolution, MESH: Fresh Water, Animals, MESH: Animals, MESH: Ecosystem, MESH: Phylogeny, Ecosystem, Phylogeny, Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length
Abstract: Exceptional ecological niche diversity, clear waters and unique divergent selection pressures have often been invoked to explain high morphological and genetic diversity of taxa within ancient lakes. However, it is possible that in some ancient lake taxa high diversity has arisen because these historically stable environments have allowed accumulation of lineages over evolutionary timescales, a process impossible in neighbouring aquatic habitats undergoing desiccation and reflooding. Here we examined the evolution of a unique morphologically diverse assemblage of thiarid gastropods belonging to the Melanoides polymorpha'complex' in Lake Malawi. Using mitochondrial DNA sequences, we found this Lake Malawi complex was not monophyletic, instead sharing common ancestry with Melanoides anomala and Melanoides mweruensis from the Congo Basin. Fossil calibrations of molecular divergence placed the origins of this complex to within the last 4 million years. Nuclear amplified fragment length polymorphism markers revealed sympatric M. polymorpha morphs to be strongly genetically differentiated lineages, and males were absent from our samples indicating that reproduction is predominantly parthenogenetic. These results imply the presence of Lake Malawi as a standing water body over the last million years or more has facilitated accumulation of clonal morphological diversity, a process that has not taken place in more transient freshwater habitats. As such, the historical stability of aquatic environments may have been critical in determining present spatial distributions of biodiversity.
Published: 2007

328. Naître en maison d'accouchement à Marseille au XIX ème siècle : prématuré et poids de naissance

Author: Bello, Silvia, Boëtsch, Gilles, The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), UMR 6578 : Anthropologie Bio-Culturelle (UAABC), Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Geoffroy, Gisèle
Subjects: hôpital de la ville de Marseille, poids à la naissance, XIXème siècle, [SHS.ANTHRO-BIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Biological anthropology, prématurité, mortalité néonatale, [SHS.ANTHRO-BIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Biological anthropology
Published: 2007

329. A reappraisal of the morphology and systematic position of the theropod dinosaurSigilmassasaurusfrom the 'middle' Cretaceous of Morocco

Author: Oliver W. M. Rauhut, Serjoscha W. Evers, Angela C. Milner, Ronan Allain, Bradley McFeeters, University of Oxford, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), Staatliche Naturwissenschaftliche Sammlungen Bayerns (SNSB), The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), Carleton University, Centre de recherche sur la Paléobiodiversité et les Paléoenvironnements (CR2P), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Oxford [Oxford], and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 010506 paleontology, Autapomorphy, lcsh:Medicine, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, medicine, Taxonomy, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Vertebral morphology, biology, General Neuroscience, lcsh:R, Holotype, Paleontology, Sigilmassasaurus, General Medicine, Anatomy, biology.organism_classification, Vertebra, Spinosauridae, medicine.anatomical_structure, Taxon, Kem Kem, Africa, Cenomanian, Spinosaurus, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Abstract: Sigilmassasaurus brevicollisis an enigmatic theropod dinosaur from the early Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian) of Morocco, originally based on a few isolated cervical vertebrae. Ever since its original description, both its taxonomic validity and systematic affinities were contentious. Originally considered to represent its own family, Sigilmassasauridae, the genus has variously been suggested to represent a carcharodontosaurid, an ornithischian, and, more recently, a spinosaurid. Here we describe new remains referrable to this taxon and re-evaluate its taxonomic status and systematic affinities. Based on the new remains, a re-evaluation of the original materials, and comparisons with other spinosaurids, the holotype ofSigilmassasaurus brevicollisis identified as an anterior dorsal, rather than a cervical vertebra, and differences between elements referred to this taxon can be explained by different positions of the elements in question within the vertebral column. Many characters used previously to diagnose the genus and species are found to be more widespread among basal tetanurans, and specifically spinosaurids. However, the taxon shows several autapomorphies that support its validity, including the presence of a strongly rugose, ventrally offset triangular platform that is confluent with a ventral keel anteriorly in the mid-cervical vertebral centra and a strongly reduced lateral neural arch lamination, with no or an incomplete distinction between anterior and posterior centrodiapophyseal laminae in the posterior cervical and anterior dorsal vertebrae. We argue furthermore thatSpinosaurus maroccanus, also described on the basis of isolated cervical vertebrae from the same stratigraphic unit and in the same paper asSigilmassasaurus brevicollis, is a subjective synonym of the latter. Both a detailed comparison of this taxon with other theropods and a formal phylogenetic analysis support spinosaurid affintities forSigilmassasaurus. However, we reject the recently proposed synonymy of bothSpinosaurus maroccanusandSigilmassasurus brevicolliswithSpinosaurus aegyptiacusfrom the Cenomanian of Egypt, as there are clear differences between the vertebrae of these taxa, and they do not share any derived character that is not found in other spinosaurids. Together with a comparison with other spinosaurid vertebral material from the Kem Kem, this suggests that more than one taxon of spinosaurid was present in the Kem Kem assemblage of Morocco, so the referral of non-overlapping material from this unit to a single taxon should be regarded with caution.
Published: 2015

330. New Insights into Flavivirus Evolution, Taxonomy and Biogeographic History, Extended by Analysis of Canonical and Alternative Coding Sequences

Author: Ernest A. Gould, Xavier de Lamballerie, Philippe Lemey, Antoine Nougairède, Shelley Cook, Rémi N. Charrel, Gregory Moureau, Naomi L. Forrester, Khasnatinov Ma, Andrew E. Firth, Emergence des Pathologies Virales (EPV), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, K.U. Leuven, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity and Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Maclean Building, Division of Virology, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), and Lee, Young-Min
Subjects: BAGAZA VIRUS, Old World, Science, viruses, Molecular Sequence Data, GENUS FLAVIVIRUS, Genomics, Genome, Viral, INSECT-SPECIFIC FLAVIVIRUSES, Biology, Q1, WEST-NILE-VIRUS, complex mixtures, Genome, Evolution, Molecular, Open Reading Frames, Phylogenetics, NATURAL MOSQUITO POPULATION, DENGUE VIRUS, Phylogeny, Genetics, Translational frameshift, Multidisciplinary, Base Sequence, Phylogenetic tree, Flavivirus, Frameshifting, Ribosomal, virus diseases, NORTH-AMERICA, FUSING AGENT VIRUS, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, biology.organism_classification, ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS, Phylogeography, Biology and Microbiology, TICK-BORNE FLAVIVIRUSES, Evolutionary biology, Viral evolution, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Medicine, Research Article
Abstract: To generate the most diverse phylogenetic dataset for the flaviviruses to date, we determined the genomic sequences and phylogenetic relationships of 14 flaviviruses, of which 10 are primarily associated with Culex spp. mosquitoes. We analyze these data, in conjunction with a comprehensive collection of flavivirus genomes, to characterize flavivirus evolutionary and biogeographic history in unprecedented detail and breadth. Based on the presumed introduction of yellow fever virus into the Americas via the transatlantic slave trade, we extrapolated a timescale for a relevant subset of flaviviruses whose evolutionary history, shows that different Culex-spp. associated flaviviruses have been introduced from the Old World to the New World on at least five separate occasions, with 2 different sets of factors likely to have contributed to the dispersal of the different viruses. We also discuss the significance of programmed ribosomal frameshifting in a central region of the polyprotein open reading frame in some mosquito-associated flaviviruses. ispartof: PLoS One vol:10 issue:2 ispartof: location:United States status: published
Published: 2015

331. Une nouvelle méthode de quantification des réactions périostées en paléopathologie : l'indice pondéré d'atteinte périostée (IPAP)

Author: Micheline Lé, Yann Ardagna, Olivier Dutour, Silvia M. Bello, UMR 6578 : Anthropologie Bio-Culturelle (UAABC), Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), Departement of Paleontology, and The Natural History Museum
Subjects: Cultural Studies, Physics, Archeology, palaeoepidemiology, réactions périostées, [SHS.ANTHRO-BIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Biological anthropology, taphonomy, représentation anatomique, paléopathologie, IPAP, paléoépidémiologie, quantification, taphonomie, periosteal reactions, méthode, anatomical preservation, Anthropology, indice pondéré d'atteinte périostée, palaeopathology, Humanities
Abstract: Afin d’estimer l’atteinte périostée dans un contexte ostéoarchéologique (os isolé, squelette complet ou série anthropologique), nous proposons une nouvelle méthode de quantification (appelée IPAP) d’un niveau de la réaction périostée (SRP). Celle-ci prend en compte le degré de conservation anatomique (ICA), l’état de conservation de la surface corticale (IQO) de chaque segment osseux et le niveau de la réaction périostée (SRP), à l’aide d’une cotation originale. L’indice pondéré d’atteinte périostée correspond à la formule suivante : IPAP = (ΣSRP/NSO) x FQ x FK ou NSO représente le nombre de segments pour lesquels l’ICA, l’IQO ou le SRP sont observables, FQ correspond au facteur de quantité et FK est un facteur pondérant l’état de conservation des surfaces corticales. Cette formule a été testée sur plusieurs séries ostéoarchéologiques avec une bonne reproductibilité (intra et inter-observateur). Les résultats de l’application de ce nouvel indice à ces séries et son application potentielle en paléoépidémiologie sont présentés ici. In order to evaluate the level of periosteal reaction on an isolated bone, an affected individual or an ancient population, we propose a new quantification method, taking into account simultaneously (i) the degree of periosteal reaction (Periosteal Reaction Stage, PRS), (ii) the degree of anatomical preservation and representation (Anatomical Preservation Index, API) and (iii) the state of preservation of the cortical surface (Qualitative Bone Index, QBI) of each bone segment. The “Periosteal Pattern Weighed Index” corresponds to the following formula PPWI = (Σ PRS/ OSN) x FQ x FK where OSN represents the number of segments for which the API, the QBI or the PRS are observable, FQ corresponds to the quantity factor and FK is a factor weighing the state of cortical surface preservation. This formula has been tested on several human osteoarchaeological samples with good reproductibility (intra and inter- observer). The results of the application of this new index to these samples and its potential application as a palaeoepidemiological marker are presented in this paper.
Published: 2006

332. Age and Sex Bias in the Reconstruction of Past Population Structures

Author: Michel Signoli, Aminte Thomann, Silvia M. Bello, Olivier Dutour, Peter Andrews, Department of Palaeontology, The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), UMR 6578 : Anthropologie Bio-Culturelle (UAABC), and Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Adult, Male, Aging, Adolescent, Population, [SHS.ANTHRO-BIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Biological anthropology, Human bone, Biology, Age and sex, Bone and Bones, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, Age Distribution, Paleodemography, Bias, human bones, Humans, 0601 history and archaeology, Sex Distribution, education, Child, History, Ancient, Skeleton, education.field_of_study, Sex Characteristics, 060101 anthropology, Bone preservation, 060102 archaeology, Osteology, Infant, 06 humanities and the arts, subadults, Skeleton (computer programming), United Kingdom, preservation patterns, Archaeology, Anthropology, Child, Preschool, Postmortem Changes, Female, France, Anatomy, palaeodemography, Sex characteristics, Demography
Abstract: http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/fulltext/112092580/PDFSTART; International audience; Palaeodemographical studies are founded on the assumption that the sex and age distribution of the skeletal sample reflects the constitution of the original population. It is becoming increasingly clear, however, that the type and amount of information that may be derived from osteoarchaeological collections are related to the state of preservation of remains. This work proposes a new method to evaluate bone preservation, to identify age and sex biases in the preservation of human skeletal remains, and to assess whether differences in preservation patterns are more dependent on factors intrinsic or extrinsic to anatomical features of human bones. Three osteological collections and over 600 skeletonswere observed. The state of preservation of humanbones was assessed using three preservation indexes:the anatomical preservation index (API), the bone representation index (BRI), and the qualitative bone index (QBI). The results suggest that subadult skeletons are generally more poorly preserved and with bones less well-represented than adult skeletons. Among subadults, female and male skeletons have different patterns of preservation according to their age. This pattern of preservation depends on intrinsic anatomical properties of bones themselves, while external factors can only increase these differences in the state of preservation and representation of osseous remains. It is concluded from this that failure to recognize these differences may lead to misleading interpretations of paleodemography of past human populations.
Published: 2006

333. Bulletins et mémoires de la Société d'Anthropologie de Paris

Author: Lê, Micheline, Ardagna, Yann, Bello, Silvia, Dutour, Olivier, UMR 6578 : Anthropologie Bio-Culturelle (UAABC), Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Palaeontology, and The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM)
Subjects: [SHS.ANTHRO-BIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Biological anthropology, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: International audience; In order to evaluate the level of periosteal reaction on an isolated bone, an affected individual or an ancientpopulation, we propose a new quantification method, taking into account simultaneously (i) the degree of periostealreaction (Periosteal Reaction Stage, PRS), (ii) the degree of anatomical preservation and representation (AnatomicalPreservation Index, API) and (iii) the state of preservation of the cortical surface (Qualitative Bone Index, QBI) ofeach bone segment. The “Periosteal Pattern Weighed Index” corresponds to the following formula PPWI = (Σ PRS/OSN) x FQ x FK where OSN represents the number of segments for which the API, the QBI or the PRS are observable,FQ corresponds to the quantity factor and FK is a factor weighing the state of cortical surface preservation. This formulahas been tested on several human osteoarchaeological samples with good reproductibility (intra and inter- observer).The results of the application of this new index to these samples and its potential application as a palaeoepidemiologicalmarker are presented in this paper.; Afin d’estimer l’atteinte périostée dans un contexte ostéoarchéologique (os isolé, squelette complet ou sérieanthropologique), nous proposons une nouvelle méthode de quantification (appelée IPAP) d’un niveau de la réactionpériostée (SRP). Celle-ci prend en compte le degré de conservation anatomique (ICA), l’état de conservation de la surfacecorticale (IQO) de chaque segment osseux et le niveau de la réaction périostée (SRP), à l’aide d’une cotation originale.L’indice pondéré d’atteinte périostée correspond à la formule suivante : IPAP = (Σ SRP/NSO) x FQ x FK ou NSO représentele nombre de segments pour lesquels l’ICA, l’IQO ou le SRP sont observables, FQ correspond au facteur de quantité etFK est un facteur pondérant l’état de conservation des surfaces corticales. Cette formule a été testée sur plusieurs sériesostéoarchéologiques avec une bonne reproductibilité (intra et inter-observateur). Les résultats de l’application de ce nouvelindice à ces séries et son application potentielle en paléoépidémiologie sont présentés ici.
Published: 2006

334. Vertébrés Arthropodes et Brachiopodes du Dévonien inférieur du nord du ViêtNam

Author: Ta Hoa Phuong, Patrick R. Racheboeuf, Philippe Janvier, Wang Shang-Qi, Jean Vannier, Domaines Océaniques (LDO), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers-Institut d'écologie et environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Paléobiodiversité et paléoenvironnements, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Department of Palaeontology, The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), Department of Geology, Vietnam National University [Hanoï] (VNU), PaleoEnvironnements et PaleobioSphere (PEPS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Changchun Branch] (CAS), and Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Sarcopterygii, 010506 paleontology, Phyllocarida, Ostracoda, Biostratigraphy, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Devonian, 14. Life underwater, Eurypterid, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Vertebrata, biology, Ecology, Mandibulata, Brachiopoda, Paleontology, biology.organism_classification, Lower Devonian, Minicrania, Brachiopoda Vertebrata, Vietnam, Space and Planetary Science, Placodermi, Eurypterida, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, Geology
Abstract: International audience; Additional vertebrates and ostracods from the bituminous shale of the Khao Loc Formation at Tong Vai, Ha Giang Province, northern Vietnam, corroborate its correlation with the upper part of the Xishancun (Xiaxishancun) Formation and the lower part of the Xitun and Lianhuashan formations of South China, and its Middle to Late Lochkovian age. The variations in morphology and ornamentation of the galeaspid Polybranchiaspis liaojaoshanensis from Tong Vai are discussed and regarded as possibly size and growth-related. A new acanthothoracid placoderm with a very deep dorsal process is described from Tong Vai and the specific distinction between the antiarchs Minicrania lissa from TongVai and M. lirouyii fromYunnan is supported by additional characters. Petalichthyid placoderms are recorded from this locality for the first time, and the skull of a juvenile youngolepidid sarcopterygian is described. Eurypterid fragments and a phyllocarid crustacean are also recorded from the Khao Loc Formation. A new species of the chonetid brachiopod genus Tulynetes, endemic to northern Vietnam, is described from the Pragian Mia Le Formation at Cu Le, Bac Kan Province, a new locality which yields a large diversity of taxa with outstanding preservation.
Published: 2005

335. Quantification de l'état de conservation des collections ostéoarchéologiques et ses champs d'application en anthropologie

Author: Bello, Silvia, Thomann, Aminte, Rabino-Massa, Emma, Dutour, Olivier, UMR 6578 : Anthropologie Bio-Culturelle (UAABC), Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Biologia Animale et dell'Uomo, Università degli studi di Torino = University of Turin (UNITO), The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), Laboratoire d'Anthropologie, Université de Turin, Geoffroy, Gisèle, and Università degli studi di Torino (UNITO)
Subjects: indice de conservation anatomique (ICA), "reconstitution paléodémographique", [SHS.ANTHRO-BIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Biological anthropology, conservation, paléopathologie, "état de conservation", [SHS.ANTHRO-BIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Biological anthropology, taphonomie, "paléopathologie", dénombrement, altération, "indice de conservation anatomique (ICA)", fragmentation, "Indice de qualité osseuse (IQO)", "dénombrement", ICA, IQO, reconstitution paléodémographique, état de conservation, Indice de qualité osseuse (IQO)
Abstract: L'étude de l'état de conservation d'une série ostéoarchéologique s'insère dans un schéma de recherche de larges séries ostéologiques car la qualité et les modalités de conservation sont les principaux paramètres qui déterminent la valeur cognitive d'une collection. Une meilleure connaissance des effets des processus taphonomiques sur l'état de conservation du matériel ostéologique humain devrait permettre de diminuer les discordances entre l'"échantillon ostéologique dont on dispose" et la "population originelle qu'il représente". L'état de conservation a été évalué au moyen de deux indices de conservation : l'un quantitatif (Indice de Conservation Anatomique, ICA) et l'autre qualitatif (Indice de la Qualité Osseuse, IQO). L'étude a porté sur 7 collections ostéologiques, pour un total de 768 individus observés. L'analyse de ces collections a permis d'observer de quelle manière un éventuel processus de conservation différentielle peut biaiser les résultats anthropologiques. En particulier, il a été montré que 1. le calcul du NMI est strictement lié à l'état de conservation et de fragmentation du matériel ostéologique, 2. qu'il existe un processus de conservation différentielle âge-dépendant avec une sous-conservation des individus immatures très jeunes et enfin, 3. que les processus de fragmentation et altération des surfaces corticales peuvent constituer un biais dans le calcul de prévalence pathologique.
Published: 2005

336. Plastysoma directum Lewis, 1885, espèce rescapée de l'oubli (Coleoptera, Histeridae, Histerinae, Platysomatini)

Author: Dégallier, Nicolas, Gomy, Y., Brendell, M., Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Entomologiste amateur, The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: INSECTE, Histerinae, [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], ANATOMIE ANIMALE, Platysoma directum Lewis, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], REPARTITION GEOGRAPHIQUE
Published: 2005

337. BIONOMICS AND SYSTEMATICS OF THE ORIENTAL ANOPHELES SUNDAICUS COMPLEX IN RELATION TO MALARIA TRANSMISSION AND VECTOR CONTROL

Author: Sylvie Manguin, Ralph E. Harbach, Isabelle Dusfour, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations (UMR CBGP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), and The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM)
Subjects: Systematics, EPIDEMIOLOGIE, Mosquito Control, TRANSMISSION, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 030231 tropical medicine, Biology, TAXONOMIE, 030308 mycology & parasitology, law.invention, DDT, Insecticide Resistance, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, law, Bionomics, Virology, Anopheles sundaicus, Anopheles, METHODE DE LUTTE, medicine, Animals, LUTTE BIOLOGIQUE, Asia, Southeastern, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0303 health sciences, Vector control, Ecology, RESISTANCE DE L'HOTE, [SDV.BA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology, VECTEUR, Outbreak, PALUDISME, GENETIQUE, medicine.disease, Insect Vectors, Malaria, 3. Good health, Mosquito control, Infectious Diseases, Transmission (mechanics), Evolutionary biology, INSECTICIDE CHIMIQUE, Parasitology, REPARTITION GEOGRAPHIQUE
Abstract: International audience; The taxonomic history, distribution, bionomics, systematics, and vector control strategies for the Anopheles sundaicus complex are reviewed in relation to malaria epidemiology. The lack of data on the bionomics, insecticide resistance, and vector capacity, as well as the general lack of surveillance and monitoring of potential vector populations, make the development of targeted control measures problematic. It will be necessary to elucidate, characterize and identify all members of the complex to determine their distributions, disease relationships, ecologic relationships, and resistance to insecticides. This knowledge is essential for epidemiologic studies, the design and implementation of appropriate vector control measures, and the development of strategies for monitoring and assessing the potential risk of malaria outbreaks due to members of the complex.
Published: 2004

338. Molecular Evidence of Speciation Between Island and Continental Populations of Anopheles (Cellia) sundaicus (Diptera: Culicidae), a Principal Malaria Vector Taxon in Southeast Asia

Author: Sylvie Manguin, Isabelle Dusfour, Asmad Matusop, Anna Cohuet, Yvonne-Marie Linton, Ralph E. Harbach, Visut Baimai, Chang Moh Seng, Ho D. Trung, Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations (UMR CBGP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), Laboratoire de Lutte contre des Insectes Nuisibles (LIN-IRD), Mahidol University [Bangkok], National Institute of Malariology, Parasitology and Entomology [Hanoi], Malaria Consortium [Phnom Penh, Cambodge], Organisation Mondiale de la Santé / World Health Organization Office (OMS / WHO), Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS), We thank the staff in Malaysia, Thailand, and Vietnam for precious help in Þeld mosquito collections. We are especially grateful to Prof. M. Coosemans (ITM, Antwerp, Belgium), the coordinator of the EC grant, INCO-DC research project no. ERBIC 18CT970211, which financially supported this work., and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, TAXONOMIE, STRUCTURE DE POPULATION, 01 natural sciences, malaria vector, MARQUEUR GENETIQUE, TECHNIQUE PCR, Asia, Southeastern, Phylogeny, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, Geography, [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], Anopheles, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, mitochondrial DNA markers, identification PCR, MOUSTIQUE, Genetic Markers, Mitochondrial DNA, Species complex, Population, Zoology, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, DNA, Mitochondrial, Electron Transport Complex IV, 03 medical and health sciences, parasitic diseases, Animals, Humans, 14. Life underwater, education, 030304 developmental biology, Demography, [SDV.GEN.GPO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], General Veterinary, VECTEUR, PALUDISME, biology.organism_classification, Insect Vectors, Malaria, Genetic divergence, [SDV.BA.ZI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Invertebrate Zoology, Anopheles sundaicus, [SDV.GEN.GA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Animal genetics, Taxon, speciation, Genetic marker, Insect Science, Vector (epidemiology), Parasitology, REPARTITION GEOGRAPHIQUE
Abstract: International audience; Anopheles sundaicus s.l. is a principal malaria vector taxon on islands and along the coastal areas of Southeast Asia. It has a wide geographical distribution and exhibits a high level of ecological and behavioral variability. Study of this taxon is crucial for understanding its biology and implementing effective vector control measures. We compared populations of An. sundaicus from Vietnam, Thailand, and Malaysian Borneo by using two mitochondrial DNA markers: cytochrome oxidase I and cytochrome b. Genetic divergence, geographic separation, and cladistic analysis of relationships revealed the presence of two cryptic species: Anopheles sundaicus s.s. on Malaysian Borneo and An. sundaicus species A in coastal areas of Thailand and Vietnam. A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was developed to easily identify these two species throughout their geographic distributions. The assay was based on sequence characterized ampliÞed region derived from random ampliÞed polymorphic DNA. This PCR identiÞcation method needs to be validated and adapted for the recognition of other possible species in the Sundaicus Complex.
Published: 2004

339. Sandflies of the Phlebotomus perniciosus complex: mitochondrial introgression and a new sibling species of P. longicuspis in the Moroccan Rif

Author: Paul D. Ready, S Esseghir, M. Cadi-Soussi, Joaquina Martín-Sánchez, Jonathan Stuart Ready, Francisco Morillas-Márquez, Bernard Pesson, I. Benabdennbi, Laboratoire de parasitologie [Strasbourg], Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I, The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), Universidad de Granada (UGR), Laboratoire d'Epidémiologie et d'Ecologie parasitaire, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), We acknowledge the support of the Ministère de la Santé Publique du Maroc (J. Mahjour), Ministère des Affaires Etrangères (France), the British Council (Tunis), the EC DG‐XII (Brussels, STD3 contract: TS3*CT93‐0253), and the TDR programme (UNDP/World Bank/W.H.O.)., and The authors thank the following colleagues for help with collecting sandflies: R and M. Killick‐Kendrick (Ascot), N. Léger and H. Ferté (Reims), G. Madulo‐Leblond (Paris), E. Martínez Ortega (Murcia) and M. C. Sánchis Marin (Almería). J. Llewellyn‐Hughes, W. Edge and J. M. Testa provided invaluable assistance for the mtDNA sequencing in the Natural History Museum, where B.P. spent a sabbatical.
Subjects: Male, MESH: Sequence Analysis, DNA, Lineage (evolution), MESH: Cytochromes b/chemistry, Polymerase Chain Reaction, 030308 mycology & parasitology, 0302 clinical medicine, sibling species, Phlebotomus perniciosus complex, Hexokinase, MESH: Glucose-6-Phosphate Isomerase/genetics, morphology, MESH: Animals, MESH: Phylogeny, Phylogeny, 0303 health sciences, Ecology, Kinetoplastida, Cytochromes b, MESH: Genitalia, Male/ultrastructure, Isoenzymes, MESH: Phlebotomus/genetics, Morocco, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, MESH: DNA, Mitochondrial/chemistry, MESH: Isoelectric Focusing, MESH: Isoenzymes, Female, Leishmania infantum, Mitochondrial DNA, isoenzymes mitochondrial introgression, MESH: Phlebotomus/anatomy & histology, 030231 tropical medicine, MESH: DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics, Introgression, Zoology, MESH: Glucose-6-Phosphate Isomerase/metabolism, Biology, Genitalia, Male, DNA, Mitochondrial, Phlebotomus longicuspis, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Phlebotomus/enzymology, Phylogenetics, parasitic diseases, MESH: Phosphoglucomutase/genetics, Animals, Psychodidae, MESH: Cytochromes b/genetics, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Alleles, MESH: Hexokinase/metabolism, [SDV.BA.MVSA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Veterinary medicine and animal Health, General Veterinary, MESH: Alleles, Glucose-6-Phosphate Isomerase, MESH: Polymerase Chain Reaction, Interspecific competition, Sequence Analysis, DNA, biology.organism_classification, MESH: Hexokinase/genetics, MESH: Male, MESH: Phosphoglucomutase/metabolism, Phosphoglucomutase, Insect Science, Phlebotomus, MESH: Morocco, Parasitology, Isoelectric Focusing, MESH: Female
Abstract: International audience; The bloodsucking adult females of Phlebotomus perniciosus Newstead and P. longicuspis Nitzulescu (Diptera: Psychodidae) are important vectors of the protozoan Leishmania infantum Nicolle (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae) in western Mediterranean countries. The species status of the two phlebotomine sandflies was assessed, along with the epidemiological implications. Individual sandflies from three Moroccan Rif populations were characterized morphologically, isoenzymatically (by the isoelectrofocusing of alleles at the polymorphic enzyme loci of HK, GPI and PGM), and by comparative DNA sequence analysis of a fragment of mitochondrial Cytochrome b (mtDNA). By reference to the character profiles of specimens from other locations, including southern Spain and the type-locality countries, the Moroccan flies were placed in three lineages: first, the lineage of P. perniciosus, which contained two mtDNA sublineages, one (pnt) widely distributed and associated with the morphology of the male types from Malta, and the other (pna) associated with a P. longicuspis-like male morphology; second, the lineage of P. longicuspis sensu stricto, including typical forms from Tunisia; and third, a new sibling species of P. longicuspis. The mtDNA sublineage (pnt) of typical P. perniciosus was also found in some P. longicuspis from Morocco, indicating interspecific hybridization. The typical race of P. perniciosus occurs in Italy as well as in Malta, Tunisia and Morocco. It is replaced in southern Spain by the Iberian race (with the pni mtDNA sublineage). The discovery of interspecific gene introgression and a new sibling species mean that previous records of the two morphospecies do not necessarily reflect their true vectorial roles or geographical and ecological distributions.
Published: 2004

340. Evolutionary systematics of the Indian mouse Mus famulusBonhote, 1898: molecular (DNA/DNA hybridization and 12S rRNA sequences) and morphological evidence

Author: Paulina D. Jenkins, François Catzeflis, Pascale Chevret, Ecologie et évolution des populations, Département écologie évolutive [LBBE], Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Systematics, 0303 health sciences, [SDV.GEN.GPO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], biology, DNA–DNA hybridization, [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], Nannomys, Zoology, biology.organism_classification, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Evolutionary taxonomy, 03 medical and health sciences, Monophyly, Sensu, Animal Science and Zoology, Subgenus, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Pyromys, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology
Abstract: The genus Mus encompasses 38 species of mice divided into four subgenera: Mus, Pyromys, Nannomys and Coelomys. Each of these four taxa is characterized by discrete morphological as well as biochemical traits. We used two different molecular approaches to determine the relationships between these subgenera: DNA/DNA hybridization and 12S rRNA mitochondrial sequences. We compared the resulting phylogenies from each method and with phylogenies derived from morphological data. The degree of resolution of each molecular approach is discussed. The two molecular studies indicate that Mus, Pyromys, Nannomys and Coelomys are clearly distinct monophyletic groups, as previously indicated by morphological data and other biochemical and molecular approaches. There is one divergence between previous morphological and the molecular and morphological studies presented here: the position of the Indian species Mus famulus. This taxon, which was formerly included in the subgenus Coelomys, is demonstrated here to belong to the subgenus Mus. We also propose the following relationships within Mus sensu lato: Mus and Pyromys are the closest relatives, followed by Nannomys and Coelomys, whose relationships are still unclear. This arrangement is more robustly supported by DNA/DNA hybridization than by 12S rRNA data. A molecular time scale for the evolution within Mus sensu lato is proposed, using as a reference the Mus/Rattus divergence estimated by the fossil record at around 12 mya. © 2003 The Linnean Society of London, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2003, 137, 385–401.
Published: 2003

341. Calcul du 'Profil théorique de survie osseuse la plus probable' et son utilisation dans l’interprétation des processus taphonomiques pouvant déterminer la formation d’un échantillon ostéologique humain

Author: Bello, Silvia M., Thomann, Aminte, Lalys, Loïc, Signoli, Michel, Rabino-Massa, Emma, Dutour, Olivier, The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap), Centre Michel de Boüard - Centre de recherches archéologiques et historiques anciennes et médiévales (CRAHAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Dynamique de l'évolution humaine : individus, populations, espèces [Paris] (DEHIPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 6578 : Adaptabilité Biologique et Culturelle (UAABC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2, Laboratoire d'Anthropologie, Université de Turin, De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (PACEA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 6578 : Anthropologie Bio-Culturelle (UAABC), Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), and Thomann, Aminte
Subjects: [SHS.ARCHEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [SHS.ANTHRO-BIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Biological anthropology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SHS.ANTHRO-BIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Biological anthropology
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2003

342. La conservation différentielle des os humains et le 'Profil théorique de survie osseuse'

Author: Bello, Silvia M., Thomann, Aminte, Signoli, Michel, Rabino-Massa, Emma, Dutour, Olivier, The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap), Centre Michel de Boüard - Centre de recherches archéologiques et historiques anciennes et médiévales (CRAHAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), UMR 6578 : Adaptabilité Biologique et Culturelle (UAABC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2, Laboratoire d'Anthropologie, Université de Turin, De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (PACEA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 6578 : Anthropologie Bio-Culturelle (UAABC), Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), and Thomann, Aminte
Subjects: [SHS.ARCHEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [SHS.ANTHRO-BIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Biological anthropology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SHS.ANTHRO-BIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Biological anthropology
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2002

343. Jaw transformation with gain of symmetry after Dlx5/Dlx6 inactivation: mirror of the past ?

Author: Laura Paleari, Francesca Genova, Giovanni Levi, Giorgio R. Merlo, Philippe Janvier, Stefano Mantero, Annemiek Beverdam, Ottavia Barbieri, Observatoire astronomique de Strasbourg (OAS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique (Hétérochimie organique, organoéléments et matériaux) (LSOHOOM), Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Paléobiodiversité et paléoenvironnements, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité de Biotechnologie, Biocatalyse et Biorégulation (U3B), Interfaces, Traitements, Organisation et Dynamique des Systèmes (ITODYS (UMR_7086)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Evolution des régulations endocriniennes (ERE), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Palaeontology, The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)
Subjects: Lineage (genetic), Gene Dosage, Mandible, evoluzione, Biology, MESH: Mandible, sviluppo craniofacciale, MESH: Animals, Newborn, MESH: Gene Dosage, Mice, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, stomatognathic system, biology.animal, Homeosis, MESH: Evolution, MESH: Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, MESH: Homeodomain Proteins, Morphogenesis, Genetics, Animals, MESH: Animals, MESH: Jaw, MESH: Mice, 030304 developmental biology, Homeodomain Proteins, regolazione genica, 0303 health sciences, [SDV.BA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, Neural crest, Vertebrate, Cell Biology, DLX6, Anatomy, DLX5, Biological Evolution, MESH: Morphogenesis, stomatognathic diseases, Animals, Newborn, Jaw, MESH: Gene Deletion, embryonic structures, Homeobox, Homeotic gene, Gene Deletion, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: In modern vertebrates upper and lower jaws are morphologically different. Both develop from the mandibular arch, which is colonized mostly by Hox-free neural crest cells. Here we show that simultaneous inactivation of the murine homeobox genes Dlx5 and Dlx6 results in the transformation of the lower jaw into an upper jaw and in symmetry of the snout. This is the first homeotic-like transformation found in this Hox-free region after gene inactivation. A suggestive parallel comes from the paleontological record, which shows that in primitive vertebrates both jaws are essentially mirror images of each other. Our finding supports the notion that Dlx genes are homeotic genes associated with morphological novelty in the vertebrate lineage.
Published: 2002

344. Nouvelle méthode de quantification de l’état de conservation des surfaces corticales et son application dans les études paléopathologiques et paléoépidémiologiques

Author: Bello, Silvia M., Signoli, Michel, Thomann, Aminte, Lalys, Loïc, Dutour, Olivier, The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), UMR 6578 : Adaptabilité Biologique et Culturelle (UAABC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2, Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap), Centre Michel de Boüard - Centre de recherches archéologiques et historiques anciennes et médiévales (CRAHAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Dynamique de l'évolution humaine : individus, populations, espèces [Paris] (DEHIPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (PACEA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), UMR 6578 : Anthropologie Bio-Culturelle (UAABC), Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), and École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE)
Subjects: [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [SHS.ANTHRO-BIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Biological anthropology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2002

345. Pyropia orbicularis sp. nov. (Rhodophyta, Bangiaceae) based on a population previously known as Porphyra columbina from the central coast of Chile

Author: Alejandra Núñez, María Eliana Ramírez, Juliet Brodie, María Rosa Flores-Molina, Carlos Lovazzano, Loretto Contreras-Porcia, Marie-Laure Guillemin, Cristian Bulboa Contador, Catalina Valdivia, Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, Universidad Andrés Bello [Santiago] (UNAB), Universidad Austral de Chile, and The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM)
Subjects: Morphology, Pyropia, 0106 biological sciences, Range (biology), rbcL, Population, Plant Science, 01 natural sciences, Pyropia orbicularis, COI, Bangiales, South Pacific, 03 medical and health sciences, Botany, Porphyra columbina, 14. Life underwater, Clade, education, music, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Taxonomy, 030304 developmental biology, Porphyra, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, music.instrument, Pyropia columbina, biology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Biodiversity, biology.organism_classification, Thallus, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: International audience; A new species of bladed Bangiales, Pyropia orbicularis sp. nov., has been described for the first time from the central coast of Chile based on morphology and molecular analyses. The new species was incorrectly known previously as Porphyra columbina (now Pyropia columbina), and it can be distinguished from other species of Pyropia through a range of morphological characteristics, including the shape, texture and colour of the thallus, and the arrangement of the reproductive structures on the foliose thalli. Molecular phylogenies based on both the mitochondrial COI and plastid rbcL gene regions enable this species to be distinguished from other species within Pyropia. P. orbicularis sp. nov. belongs to a well-supported clade of Pyropia from the southern oceans that include specimens from the South Pacific (North, South, Chatham, Stewart, Auckland, and Campbell Island, New Zealand, New South Wales, and Macquarie Island, Australia) including P. columbina and P. plicata. Within this clade, the highest sequence identity was observed between Pyropia orbicularis sp. nov. and Pyropia sp. FIC from the Falkland Islands.
Published: 2014

346. Etude anthropologique du cimetière médiéval de Saint-Estève le Pont (Berre l’Etang) : résultats préliminaires

Author: Thomann, Aminte, Lalys, Loïc, Bello, Silvia M., Adalian, Pascal, Ardagna, Yann, Devriendt, William, Maczel, Marta, Genot, Alain, Dutour, Olivier, Signoli, Michel, Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap), Centre Michel de Boüard - Centre de recherches archéologiques et historiques anciennes et médiévales (CRAHAM), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dynamique de l'évolution humaine : individus, populations, espèces [Paris] (DEHIPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), Anthropologie bio-culturelle, Droit, Ethique et Santé (ADES), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-EFS ALPES MEDITERRANEE-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 6578 : Anthropologie Bio-Culturelle (UAABC), Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service Archéologique Municipal, De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (PACEA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Thomann, Aminte, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), UMR 6578 : Adaptabilité Biologique et Culturelle (UAABC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2, École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)
Subjects: [SHS.ARCHEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [SHS.ANTHRO-BIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Biological anthropology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SHS.ANTHRO-BIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Biological anthropology
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2001

347. Quantitative approaches to palaeozonation and palaeobathymetry of corals and coralline algae in Cenozoic reefs

Author: Christine Perrin, Brian Rosen, Dan Bosence, Department of Earth Sciences [Egham], Royal Holloway [University of London] (RHUL), The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), L' homme préhistorique : son évolution, son milieu, ses activités, and Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, geography, reef zonation, geography.geographical_feature_category, biology, Ecology, reef-builders, Coralline algae, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Geology, Ocean Engineering, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, biology.organism_classification, 01 natural sciences, Paleobathymetry, reefs, corals, reef survey, 14. Life underwater, Cenozoic, Reef, coralline algae, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology
Abstract: International audience; The value of quantitative surveys of ancient reef slopes for palaeobathymetric analysis is reviewed. Reefs are selected for palaeobathymetric analysis because they are characterized by in situ preservation of benthic communities which are often depth related. In addition, if the reef crest and slope are preserved then ancient water depths can be measured. The zonation of living reefs has been measured using semi-quantitative phytosociological methods as well as a range of plot and plotless techniques, but there is little agreement as to a single best method. For this study a modified line intercept transect method is selected as it may be used on both living reefs and on various types of outcrops of fossil reefs. This method minimizes problems arising from outcrop conditions, is faster than quadrat methods, can be used to assess different frame-building taxa, matrix, cement and porosity along ancient reef surfaces, and is also frequently used in studies of living reefs. The zonation of corals and coralline algae on living and fossil reefs can be characterized by three parameters: framework density, diversity and species abundance. The framework density of reef corals is normally greatest on external reef slopes between 1 and 30m and decreases into shallow reef crest environments, and towards shorelines. Coralline algal frameworks are highest in reef crest environments and may also replace coral frameworks in deeper reef-slope environments. Variations in diversity are complex and relate to biogeographieal constraints as well as local variations of physical factors and biological factors. The distribution of reef-building assemblages is often expressed as a zonation which may relate to depth but also to hydraulic energy. Examples of coral and coralline algal zonation are presented and discussed from Indo-Pacific and Caribbean reefs. Three case studies are presented based on the authors' work on reef zonation. The Seychelles reefs (Indian Ocean) are used to illustrate depth and water energy related zonation of present-day living corals. CoraUine algal zonation is illustrated from present-day St Croix reefs (Caribbean), together with preserved zones in sections through these reefs. Coral and coralline algal zonation on fossil reefs are characterized using our modified line intercept transect technique on exposures from late Miocene reefs of Mallorca (Spain). This review of reef zonation and introduction of a new technique for surveying ancient reef communities to establish depth related zones has important advantages over previous qualitative approaches. Direct measurements of palaeodepths in the field make subjective palaeobathymetric interpretations unnecessary and avoids the problems of assuming uniformitarianism. In situ organism assemblages are sampled which minimizes the effects of taphonomic changes on community composition. The technique allows the quantification of framework density, diversity, species abundance and zonation to be compared between different fossil reefs and between living and fossil reefs for the first time.
Published: 1995

348. Ophiuroid phylogeny and higher taxonomy: morphological, molecular and palaeontological perspectives

Author: Gordon L.J. Paterson, Andrew B. Smith, Bénédicte Lafay, Lafay, Bénédicte, Department of Palaeontology, National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH)-The Natural History Museum (NHM), The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), Observatoire océanologique de Villefranche-sur-mer (OOVM), and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Systematics, biology, Phylogenetic tree, [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], Zoology, biology.organism_classification, Ophiurida, Cladistics, Taxon, Sister group, Cladogram, [SDV.BID.EVO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], Animal Science and Zoology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Gnathophiurina
Abstract: International audience; A cladistic analysis of the class Ophiuroidea at subfamily level is presented based on a morphological data base of 43 characters. The tree is rooted using the best known fossil member of the stem-group. This identifies Ophiocanopidae as sister group to other extant ophiuroids, which themselves fall into two major groups, the Ophiurida and the Euryalida. Although our most parsimonious solution is highly resolved, not all parts of the cladogram are well supported. Molecular data from the 5' end of the large subunit ribosomal RNA molecule are presented for 10 taxa, with representatives from major higher groupings. This provides some support for the morphological tree, but leaves most of the deep branches unresolved. A phylogenetic tree is constructed for ophiuroids by selecting one of the cladograms as our working hypothesis and calibrating this against the stratigraphic record of the group. A revised taxonomy for the group is presented and the new taxon Ophiodermatina is erected.
Published: 1995

349. Morphological and molecular phylogeny of ophiuroids

Author: G. Patterson, A. B. Smith, B. Lafay, Lafay, Bénédicte, Department of Palaeontology, National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH)-The Natural History Museum (NHM), Observatoire océanologique de Villefranche-sur-mer (OOVM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM)
Subjects: Evolutionary biology, [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], Molecular phylogenetics, [SDV.BID.EVO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 1993

350. Comparative variation of morphological and molecular evolution through geologic time: 28S ribosomal RNA versus morphology in echinoids

Author: Bénédicte Lafay, Andrew B. Smith, Richard Christen, The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), Observatoire océanologique de Villefranche-sur-mer (OOVM), and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Time Factors, Molecular Sequence Data, Zoology, Biology, MESH: Base Sequence, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, MESH: Fossils, MESH: Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Molecular evolution, Phylogenetics, 28S ribosomal RNA, Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid, RNA, Ribosomal, 28S, MESH: Evolution, Animals, MESH: Animals, Molecular clock, Clade, Ribosomal DNA, 030304 developmental biology, Rank correlation, 0303 health sciences, MESH: Molecular Sequence Data, Base Sequence, Fossils, [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], MESH: Time Factors, MESH: Echinodermata, Biological Evolution, MESH: RNA, Ribosomal, 28S, Sister group, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Echinodermata
Abstract: The comparatively good fossil record of post-Palaeozoic echinoids allows rates of morphological change to be estimated over the past 260 million years and com pared with rates of molecular evolution. Parsimony analysis of morphological data, based predominantly on skeletal characteristics, and parsimony, distance and maximum likelihood analyses of molecular data, from the first 380 bases from the 5' end of the 28 S rRNA molecule, for 10 species of echinoid produce congruent phylogenies. The m olecular sequence chosen is dem onstrably far from saturation and sister groups have divergence times ranging from about 15 to 260 Ma. Parsimony analysis allows the great majority of molecular and morphological apomorphies to be placed in one of 18 independent geological time intervals, providing a direct measure of rates of evolution for periods in the geological past. Because most molecular fixed point m utations in our sequences cannot be polarized unambiguously by outgroup comparison (making the outgroup states effectively random), distance and parsimony analyses both tend spuriously to root the echinoid tree on the longest internal branch. A topology identical to that derived from morphological data is, however, obtained using Maximum Likelihood and also parsimony analysis where outgroup rooting is restricted to more conserved regions. This is taken as the correct topology for assessing rates of evolution. Overall, both morphological and molecular changes show a m oderately strong correlation with time elapsed, but a weaker correlation with one another. Statistically significant differences in evolutionary rate are found between some, but not all, pair-wise comparisons of sister lineages for both molecular and morphological data. The molecular clock rate for echinaceans is three times faster than that for cidaroids and irregular echinoids. Spearm an’s rank correlation test, which requires only relative m agnitude of changes to be known, suggests that morphological change has a slightly better correlation with time than does molecular change, averaged over all ten species. However, when just echinaceans are considered an extremely good correlation is found between the num ber of molecular changes and time elapsed, whereas morphological change remains poorly correlated. Thus, molecular rates approxim ate to a clocklike model within restricted echinoid elades, but vary significantly between clades. Averaging results over all echinoids produces a correlation that is no better than the correlation between morphological change and time elapsed.
Published: 1992

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