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Powder flakes prepared from 50 μm thick melt spun ribbons of Markomet 1064 (Ni_(52.5)Mo_(38)Cr_8 B_(1.5) wt%) were shock consolidatedin the unannealed and annealed condition. The unannealed flakes (microhardness 933 kg/mm^2) are amorphous while flakes annealed at 900ºC for 2 hours have an fcc structure with a grain size of 0.3 μm and microhardness of 800 kg/mm^2. The shock consolidated amorphous powder compact (250 kJ/kg shock energy) shows no crystal peaks in an X-ray diffractometer scan. Compacts of annealed powder (400 to 600 kJ/kg shock energies) contain amorphous material (18-21%) which was rapidly quenched from the melt formed at interparticle regions during the consolidation process. The microhardness of the amorphous interparticle material is 1100 kg/mm^2. Wear properties of the compacts measured in low velocity pin on disk tests show low average dynamic friction values (∿0.03). The 60 hour cumulative wear appears to correlate with the energy of shock compaction and surface porosity of the compacts rather than the metallic glass content.

Heat generation in metals during high-strain-rate plastic deformation was investigated. Experiments were designed to measure the partition of plastic work into heat and stored energy during dynamic deformations under adiabatic conditions. A Kolsky pressure bar was used to determine mechanical properties at high strain rates while a servo-hydraulic material testing system was used at low strain rates. For dynamic loading, in-situ temperature changes were measured using a high-speed infrared detector. The dependence of the fraction of plastic work converted to heat on strain and strain rate was determined for an aluminum 2024-T3 alloy and alpha-titanium. The flow stress and the fraction of plastic work converted to heat for 2024-T3 aluminum alloy were found to be a function of strain but not of the strain rate while they were found to be strongly dependent on strain rate for alpha-titanium.

In heterogeneous media, the scattering due to interfaces between dissimilar materials play an important role in shock wave dissipation and dispersion. In this work the influence of interface scattering effect on shock waves was studied by impacting flyer plates onto periodically layered polycarbonate/6061 aluminum, polycarbonate/304 stainless steel and polycarbonate/glass composites. The experimental results (using VISAR and stress gauges) indicate that the rise time of the shock front decreases with increasing shock strength, and increases with increasing mechanical impedance mismatch between layers; the strain rate at the shock front increases by about the square of the shock stress. Experimental and numerical results also show that due to interface scattering effect the shock wave velocity in periodically layered composites decreases. In some cases the shock velocity of a layered heterogeneous composite can be lower than that of either of its components.

Copper monocrystals were subjected to shock compression at pressures of 10–60 GPa by a short (3 ns initial) duration laser pulse. Transmission electron microscopy revealed features consistent with previous observations of shock-compressed copper, albeit at pulse durations in the µs regime. The results suggest that the defect structure is generated at the shock front. A mechanism for dislocation generation is presented, providing a realistic prediction of dislocation density as a function of pressure. The threshold stress for deformation twinning in shock compression is calculated from the constitutive equations for slip, twinning, and the Swegle-Grady relationship.