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The integration of green design into building construction is a necessary process in today's world to address environmental issues and achieve sustainable development. However, when evaluating green building design schemes, various factors are intertwined with a high degree of complexity and uncertainty. To realise rational decision-making about green building design schemes, this paper first adopts the mixed techniques of triangular fuzzy numbers, quality function deployment, and Best–Worst Method. It aims to analyse the complex factor relationship between customer needs and green building design technical features and to solve the optimal green building design index weight allocation. Next, a hybrid fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method integrating triangular fuzzy numbers, the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method, and Grey Correlation (GC) are proposed to evaluate green building design scheme performance. Finally, an example of a green design project for a hotel building is selected for application validation and analysis in comparison with the existing Complex Proportional Assessment, VlseKriterijuska Optimizacija I Komoromisno Resenje, and DEMATEL-ANP methods. These analyses demonstrate the stability and validity of the results, as well as the rationality and practicability of the proposed triangular fuzzy QFD–MCDM method. This research is a guide to the problem of evaluating green building design schemes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A multi-objective decision method is proposed based on the combining orthogonal test, entropy weight method (EWM) with TOPSIS (technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution) in this article. The method is more objective and efficient than traditional methods in the design of green residential buildings. A villa in Nanjing was taken as an example, and the cost, building energy consumption, and daylight factors were used as decision-making indexes. A total of six control factors were selected: terrain elevation, window area, building orientation, the opening ratio of exterior windows, roof structure, and window glass material. Each factor was designed with three levels. First, a design scheme index system was constructed, and the orthogonal experimental design was used to select representative design schemes. Then, the EWM and the TOPSIS method were used to determine the weight of each index, a comprehensive evaluation of the residential building design scheme was conducted, and, finally, the optimal scheme was confirmed via range analysis. The results show that the multi-objective decision-making model based on the orthogonal experiment EWM-TOPSIS is suitable for green residential building design and the optimal solution obtained is "15 m elevation, a 1200 × 1500 mm size vacuum glass, an orientation of 170° and an external window opening ratio 45% with a 40 mm thick expanded insulation board roof". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Post-earthquake fire is considered as a catastrophic secondary disaster to personal and property safety, especially in complex rail transit station. This is primarily attributed to intricate infrastructure, densely populated floors, and the unrestricted layout of these areas. The aim of this study is to evaluate the evacuation capacity of complex railway stations under post-earthquake fires, and provide sustainable recommendations for building design. In this article, an evacuation assessment of a complex rail transit station under the post-earthquake fire for sustainable buildings was conducted from the internal environment and external rescue based on Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Fire Dynamic Simulation (FDS). The internal environment evacuation assessment simulation experiments were conducted in six hypothetical high-risk scenarios. In addition, the external rescue assessment was based on investigation of the route and the required rescue time during different periods of holidays and workdays. The results show that (1) The influence caused by different sizes of fire area in the power distribution room is smaller than those in the train at the platform floor. (2) In fire scenarios with the same fire area but different fire locations, the temperature is more affected than the CO concentration in the power distribution room. (3) It shows slight differences between single-floor fire and double-floor fire on evacuation of small area fire in power distribution room. Meanwhile, optimized design recommendations are proposed to reduce the risk of emergency evacuation in both internal and external environments of rail transit stations for sustainable future buildings, which include strategically locating the power distribution room away from public areas, installing fire-resistant doors around the room, increasing the quantity of smoke detectors and alarms with regular maintenance, minimizing the size of the power distribution room, developing specific emergency plans for train fires, and incorporating small fire stations in urban planning near complex public buildings to mitigate post-earthquake road obstruction challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A study is presented for the assessment of different stormwater green infrastructure (SGI) for sustainable stormwater management, both stand-alone and in combination, in the rapidly developing city of Gurugram, India. A decision-making framework was developed for ranking the SGI based on five criteria (social, economic, environmental, technical, and legal and political) encompassing two quantitative and 12 qualitative subcriteria. The assessment of the application of SGI was carried out using Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) software and an expert survey involving participants from varied areas of expertise. The survey outcome determined the criteria weight by employing the analytic hierarchy process method, where technical and social criteria were given the highest (0.37) and the lowest (0.11) weight, respectively. Further, peak flow reduction potential was the most favored subcriteria (82%), while aesthetics was the least favored (58%). The prioritization of a set of predefined alternatives was carried out using the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method. Results indicated that the relative closeness coefficient value for a combination of SGI, vegetated swales plus permeable pavements was 0.93, whereas for green roofs plus permeable pavements it was 0.84, and these were the most efficient alternatives to mitigate urban flooding in the city. The proposed SWMM-based TOPSIS approach can be helpful to decision makers and government bodies in the selection of SGI for urban stormwater management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The energy consumption of the construction industry has been increasing year by year, posing a huge challenge to China's dual carbon goals of peaking carbon emissions and achieving carbon neutrality. The Chinese construction industry has huge potential for energy conservation and emission reduction, and the government has therefore put forward requirements for constructing green buildings and formulated strict evaluation standards. The carbon emissions of the construction industry involve various stages of the entire life cycle and are closely related to the green building design standards that meet the requirements. This article sets multiple objective functions based on the two dimensions of the carbon emissions of the entire life cycle of buildings and green building evaluation and uses the NSGA-II algorithm in genetic algorithms to optimize ten indicators selected from the two objectives. Based on this, building information modeling (BIM) modeling was carried out for an office building project in Southwest China, and energy consumption analysis and evaluation were conducted based on the project's multidisciplinary model. The dialectical relationship between the carbon emissions of the entire life cycle of buildings and the green building evaluation values was discovered, and the optimized parameter combination scheme corresponding to the Pareto solution set was obtained, providing a reference for using improved genetic algorithms and BIM technology to optimize green building design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Urban green roofs have emerged as an innovative nature-based solution for enhancing urban sustainability and resilience. Based on the Web of Science Core Collection database, the scholarly papers on green roofs published in the past two decades were analyzed quantitatively and visualized using bibliometric techniques. The study scope covered research countries, institutions, main journals, crucial authors, highly cited documents, hot topics, and research frontiers. The 3210 publications mined from the bibliographic database on green roofs have increased progressively in the study period, with a significantly faster pace in recent years. The research subjects changed gradually over time, extending into more disciplines and becoming decidedly multidisciplinary. The notable bibliometric features registered a pronounced spatial concentration of research outputs in a small number of countries, regions, research institutions, journals, and researchers, mainly associated with developed metropolises. The number of publications and citation impacts identified the world's top ten researchers and journals. Well-defined clusters depicted by knowledge graphs indicated a diverse range in the number and strength of inter-node connections for countries, institutions, researchers, and research topics defined by keywords. The research scope focuses on quantifying benefits and costs and optimizing designs to maximize biodiversity, hydrologic, thermal, and energy benefits as urban sustainability and climate-adaptation solutions. Emerging research should enhance biodiversity through optimal plant selection, integrate green roofs with renewable energy systems for sustainability, apply computational tools to enhance designs, evaluate low-cost and locally relevant design options for developing cities, and quantify co-benefits like stormwater reduction and energy savings. Multidisciplinary efforts leveraging simulations, ecosystem services valuation, and participatory community partnerships can advance context-appropriate green roof innovation and evidence-based policymaking to expand adoption in cities worldwide. Quantifying and communicating co-benefits are critical measures to drive wider implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Federated Learning (FL) has attracted great attention in recent years and is considered as an enabling technology in future smart wireless networks. Nevertheless, this learning paradigm faces a severe challenge in its implementation procedure, i.e., energy shortage issue. Different from the traditional centralized training paradigm, the training procedure of FL is carried out on mobile devices. Generally, the training tasks are computation-intensive and may involve several communication rounds for transmitting large-sized machine learning models, which indicates that they are high energy-consuming. This characteristic increases burden on mobile devices with limited battery capacity. In this paper, we employ the Radio Frequency (RF)-based Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) technology and time switching energy harvesting architecture to realize a sustainable FL framework, and then design a resource optimization strategy based on the dual and line search methods to minimize the amount of Transferred Energy (TE) required for completing the learning. Moreover, we interpret the Karush–Kuhn–Tucker (KKT) conditions of the formulated problem and obtain some engineering insights. Simulation results verify the convergence of the proposed resource optimization strategy and demonstrate the advantage of the proposed framework over the existing work in terms of TE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A broad consensus has been formed around global greenhouse gas emission reduction, and the task of realizing carbon reduction and decarbonization in the shipping industry is getting increasingly severe. Low-carbon and zero-carbon fuel power is the most direct and effective way to reduce ship emissions. However, it is difficult to form a mature power system configuration in designing, constructing, and applying low-carbon and zero-carbon fuel-powered ships due to the constraints of waters, routes, ship types, demand, power, alternative fuels, carbon emission reduction policies, and other dimensions. Based on this situation, to fill in the top-level architecture of the ship green power system and form a preliminary ship green power system configuration, this paper constructs a "demand-configuration-integration-system evaluation" architecture of ship green power system based on zero-carbon fuels from two kinds of zero-carbon fuels, i.e., hydrogen and ammonia. First, the demand for green ship power systems is sorted out, and the five ship system configuration elements, namely, fuel, power module, propulsion mode, aftertreatment mode, and propulsion module, are summarized. Then, the systems are combined and integrated, and the steps of the assessment of zero-carbon ship power systems are summarized by taking three typical power system configurations, namely, internal-combustion engine, fuel cell, and hybrid power systems, as examples. The green zero-carbon power system architecture proposed in this paper not only includes three kinds of inland near-sea and oceanic water requirements but also involves different ship types, such as container ships, bulk carriers, cruise ships, offshore engineering vessels, which can provide specific ideas and references for the designers/owners when designing and selecting a new type of zero-carbon powered ship. [Display omitted] • A ship zero carbon power system architecture has been constructed. • Sorting out zero-carbon power needs from waters, routes, and ship types. • Constructing the zero-carbon ship power system from five dimensions. • Demand, configuration, integration, and evaluation form a selection closed-loop. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The significance of urban trees in promoting human health and well-being has been amplified by urbanization and the climate change effects. Simultaneously, advancements in remote sensing techniques have enhanced the opportunities for studying urban trees. The TreeML-Data has been compiled to support these efforts. It consists of labelled point clouds of 40 scanning projects of streets in Munich, 3,755 leaf-off (scans in winter) point clouds of individual trees, quantitative structure models (QSM), tree structure measurements, and tree graph structure models of these trees. The dataset offers valuable data for generating and evaluating models in various scientific disciplines, which include remote sensing, computer vision, machine learning, urban forestry, urban ecosystem, green architecture, and graph analysis. To ensure its quality, the tree structure measurements and QSM have been crosschecked. For instance, the tree diameter at breast height (DBH) in the sample dataset exhibits a deviation of approximately 1.5 cm (4.3%) when compared to manual measurements. In conclusion, the quality checks confirm its reliability for subsequent studies when compared to manual measurements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to accomplish Sustainable Growth Goal 9, this research analyzes in detail how green technological innovation, low-carbon architectural improvement, and more significant financial growth all work together to reach the goal. This research meticulously integrates secondary data from reputable sources to examine the relationship between economic growth, technological innovation in the built environment, and environmental sustainability from 1994 to 2019. For economic insights, the World Bank's World Development Indicators is a go-to resource, while Yale University's Environmental Performance Index (EPI) is a go-to for environmental metrics. Our research is based on this synthesis of multi-dimensional data, which enables an in-depth investigation of the interplay between financial development, sustainable architecture, and technical progress toward SDG-9. This research employs quantitative and qualitative methodologies to shed light on the intricate interaction between these elements, making it useful for policymakers, scholars, and stakeholders dedicated to directing sustainable development paths. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The impact of buildings on the environment is enormous. Buildings consume 40% of natural resources, use 70% of all electricity produced and their waste contributes 50% to all landfills. This situation has led to governments developing policies and regulations to mitigate the serious impacts on the planet. The emerging green building market is becoming part of the construction industry. Rapid demand for products presents significant opportunities for products that can meet sustainability goals of building projects. The industry has low barriers to entry but the barriers to adoption and diffusion of new and innovative green building products are high. This is further compounded by the industries fragmented nature and its resistance to change. The research provides a comprehensive understanding of market conditions and clearly identifies factors that drive the market and those that influence adoption and products. Research uncovered a specific set of factors that influence the development of strategies to commercialize new products in the market. Thorough analysis and understanding of these factors can be used to guide the development and advancement of hemp-lime composite products paving the way for broader adoption as a mainstream building material in the construction industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The primary role of the architectural university environment is to promote architectural education and graduate architectural outputs that possess creativity, development and sustainability skills, and because a green education is a newborn concept that did not take a large space in the field of university education in general and architecture in particular, so the research problem was determined by (the scientific need to crystallize a comprehensive theoretical conception of Green architectural education and identifying its components, tools and characteristics in upgrading architectural education), as the research aims to (extract the most important formal and material characteristics and features of green architectural education). Accordingly, the research assumes that the departments of architecture advance green architectural education. The research concluded that green architectural education is a modern education that seeks sustainable development and technological development to achieve distinguished architectural outputs, possessing creativity and sustainability skills in preserving the technological ecosystem and enhancing its culture within the community to find positive solutions to all environmental problems. The research recommends providing an environmentally friendly academic infrastructure for environmental development and sustainable buildings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, sustainable forest management has proved to be a crucial issue for forestry companies becoming more and more sensitive to environmental problems. This resulted in the inherent expansion in forest certifications formally promoting long-term environmental sustainability and a wider spectrum of forest ecosystems. In this context this study aims to assess the main motivations that encourage the adoption of sustainable forest management certification for PEFC and FSC standards and how these motivations vary depending on the characteristics of the companies. Specifically, online questionnaire surveys were submitted to a sample of Italian and German forest owners and managers considering five main motivational factors offered by the economic literature: three external mechanisms represented by the market, signalling and legal mechanism and two internal mechanisms consisting of the moral and learning mechanism. Results highlighted that the main drivers are represented for both countries by the reporting mechanism, in particular certification is seen as a tool to demonstrate externally the implementation of sustainable forest management practices. Other mechanisms that guide the intentions of forest owners and managers include the legal mechanism, in particular in the Italian case, especially for publicly owned forest areas, more driven by the interest of complying with forestry regulations and the moral mechanism, in the case of Germany. The implications of this research are seen in development of forest certification, through understanding forest owners' reasons for adopting it and providing background information to improve the design of certification programs to attract greater adoption by forest companies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to its nutritional value and health benefits, regular consumption of fish should be encouraged at all stages of life. Considering the fact that the majority of the world's marine fish stocks are being exploited, aquaculture is the only way to ensure an adequate supply. Aquaculture production should be sustainable and it should integrate environmental, social, and economic dimensions. Students, as a valuable segment of consumers, are future decision-makers in society and can contribute to sustainable development as agents of change. In this study, 224 students from the University of Rijeka (68 males and 156 females) with an average age of 21.5±1.4 years were included. The aim of this study was to obtain information about the most important aspects of sustainable aquaculture from their point of view. Descriptive statistics was used to analyse the sample characteristics, while statistical significance difference between males and females was computed using an independent t-test and Pearson's chi-square test. The obtained results confirmed that the most important features of sustainable aquaculture were: minimal use of hormones and drugs, no environmental pollution, and production close to nature. Female participants consider more important protection of endangered species (p=0.04) and respect for fish welfare (p=0.01), while male participants are much more aware of supporting rural areas (p=0.04) and low technical level in production (p=0.04). Quality also emerged as an important component in an open-ended question, together with environmental factors. Furthermore, there is an opportunity to enhance students' interest in eco-labels, since it did not receive very high importance among this student group (3.60 ± 1.20 and 3.82 ± 0.90). In the future, nutrition education provided by institutions could be an important tool in preparing future generations for sustainable society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Parramatta is a city on the move and the face of global Sydney. The geographical centre of Sydney and a hub of ideas, culture and commerce. Parramatta is fast becoming a world class centre of excellence in education, health, research and innovation. It is a home to big thinkers, growing families and ambitious people. People who come from across the globe to live, work and play in our thriving global metropolis. Liveability underpins everything we do at Parramatta. Our city is designed to support the health and wellbeing of residents and visitors. A city designed for people, with a brand new beating heart, our Parramatta Library at PHIVE. The paper will show the basic features of the library and the awards it received for its role, importance and design as a smart and green building. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Temperature is the primary factor affecting the growth and survival of aquatic species. At low temperatures, the metabolic rate decreases significantly. As a result, energy levels and growth rates in fish slow down which reduces the overall aquaculture production. Therefore, a novel thermal model of GiSPVT in terms of design and climatic parameters has been developed. An analytical expression for fishpond temperature and electrical energy has been derived and validated using the special case of the proposed GiSPVT for a particular day. The solar radiation passing through the non-packing area of the semi-transparent PV modules was used to heat the water to maintain the desired temperature. However, for experimental validation, the growth performance of Labeo rohita (26.15 ± 2.4 g) was cultured (90 days) with different conditions: T1bgl, T2agl (inside the greenhouse), T3bgl, T4agl (outside the greenhouse). Specific growth rate (SGR), average weight and weight gain of fishes were significantly higher (p < .05) in the T1bgl group as compared to other groups. Moreover, the SGR was observed 32.6%, 20.2%, and 14.0%, higher in the T4agl as compared to T2agl, T3bgl, and T4agl respectively. Significantly increased growth performance of T1bgl group during winter may be due to the combined effect of geothermal and solar energy integrated systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Societal Impact Statement: Cities are stressful environments for plants, plagued by heat, pollution, and biodiversity loss. As a result, plant communities tend to suffer in green roofs, parks, and living walls. Finding solutions to help plants grow in stressful environments is a goal of the sustainable city. One solution is to better incorporate plant–microbe symbiosis in green architecture. Symbiotic fungi and bacteria can provide nutrients, water, and help plants to cope with urban stress. The reconceptualization of green infrastructure from a microbial‐focused perspective has the potential to improve plant health, growth, and diversity in cities. Summary: Plant communities in cities help maintain the health and stability of urban ecosystems and inhabitants. Ensuring that greenspace is healthy and productive is a key goal of green infrastructure and landscape architecture (GILA). However, cities are stressful environments for plants. In natural ecosystems, plants live in symbiosis with fungi, bacteria, and other microbes that can help alleviate stress. Microbial communities may also help with stress associated with urban environments. Incorporating mutualistic symbioses into GILA is a sustainable way to enhance urban greenspace. Here, we address key stressors for GILA in cities, including dependency on fertilizers, pathogens, drought, fewer pollinators, pollution, and reduced plant biodiversity. For each of these stressors, we discuss how symbiotic fungi and bacteria can help mitigate these issues, including case‐use scenarios. We conclude with new approaches to deliberately incorporate mutualisms in cities and open dialogues with stakeholders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research explores the convergence of two pivotal trends in architecture: environmental and technological trends. The eco-trend focuses on the environmental impact of architectural practices, while the tech-trend emphasizes leveraging technology to enhance a building's performance. The thesis posits that integrating these trends holds the potential to create more sustainable structures, characterized by reduced environmental impacts and enhanced resource efficiency. The study reviews environmental systems that achieve sustainability and focuses on one system that is applied to hotel buildings. The study also analyzes different forms of intelligence within environmentally friendly architecture, including smart materials, response to environmental changes, smart systems for automated building management, and smart interfaces that facilitate interaction. User intuitive. The study proposes a range of key applications for environmental technology within hotel buildings, including energy-efficient lighting and heating systems, water-conserving fixtures, and innovative waste management systems. The results obtained from the study reveal that the fusion of environmental and technological considerations significantly increases the development of sustainable hotel facilities. These facilities not only enhance environmental responsibility, but also enhance operational efficiency, which contributes to increasing diversified sources of national income. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High technology is nowadays leading many aspects of life, like industrialization, education, innovations, and other fields. Moreover, high technology has gained the power to convert materials into smart ones that are not only self-adaptable and selfsensing but can also react to external environmental stimuli, whether by strengthening and embracing all wanted features or by expelling the unwanted ones. Unfortunately, architects are not aware of most of the technologies that can be implemented in building construction and finishing materials, so they squander all opportunities to produce a sustainable building and increase energy performance. The paper undertakes many phases to help architects understand and use smart materials in general and smart glass in particular. These phases start by revealing how materials can be converted into smart ones, followed by the characteristics of smart materials, their importance, types, applications, and advantages in architecture. Smart glass is presented to architects as one of the most significant examples of smart materials that play an important role in building envelopes. Therefore, all types of smart glass will be presented using a comparative analytical method to explain their benefits and features that can assist architects in applying sustainable principles in architecture. Moreover, the research suggests a methodology to assist architects in utilizing smart glass and choosing the most convenient according to surrounding stimuli. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The residential and commercial sectors account for nearly one-third of the total electricity consumption in India. During the period from 1971 to 2012, the highest increase in electricity consumption was seen in the residential sector with a 9.4% compound annual growth rate, followed by the commercial sector. This has been attributed mainly to the extensive use of air conditioning for thermal comfort in buildings in these two sectors. Building envelope design and construction play an important role in reducing energy consumption in such systems. With the incorporation of thermal insulation materials in combination with other construction materials in a building's roof and walls, especially in those that are exposed to solar radiation, the energy intensiveness of buildings can be brought down significantly on a long-term basis. Despite the availability of several insulation products in the Indian market, the importance of thermal insulation for buildings for energy efficiency has not been well recognized by building engineers and developers at present. This paper looks into various important aspects related to building insulation materials, right from the principles of building science to the application of materials in buildings. This paper provides a qualitative analysis of insulation materials in the buildings and also provides practice-oriented background information for building designers, architects, site engineers and various other stakeholders in the building construction industry. The paper also evaluates the application of Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) as an insulating material for walls and roofs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Green building (also known as green construction or sustainable building) refers to both a structure and the application of processes that are environmentally responsible and resource-efficient throughout a building's life-cycle: from planning to design, construction, operation, maintenance, renovation, and demolition. The past decade has witnessed a rapid increase in the number of studies on GB energy efficiency systems. However, similar studies also indicate that the results of current GB simulations are not yet satisfactory to meet GB objectives. In this study, every particular part of the building construction element was simulated for ensuring energy efficiency. Additionally, a method is introduced that almost satisfies GB objectives by using appropriate modern cost-effective technologies. This method reduces the initial, running, and maintenance costs of electrical/electronic devices and limits wiring installations, leading to significant energy consumption reduction of about 50%. In this research, renewable energy or green power, that is currently the key solution to tackle the energy crisis, significantly maximised, hence decreasing the impact of global greenhouse gas emissions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the neighbourhood-level renovation potential in Tallinn's modernist privately owned apartment blocks, with the aim of addressing the global need for deep renovation. The analysis considers international directives, national policies and municipal objectives, highlighting the focus of current renovation initiatives on apartment buildings. The discourse drives the ongoing conflict between energyfocused renovation and the preservation of spatial quality, relevant especially for the countries that favour partial renovation over the complete transformation of a building. It analyses the emerging impact of the New European Bauhaus (NEB) initiative, emphasizing the need to balance technical energy investments with cultural and aesthetic considerations in wider neighbourhoods. Shifting the focus to Tallinn, the article deals with the challenges of modernist mass production housing districts, recognizing their technical structure, current decay and socio-economic limitations. The European Renovation Wave strategy and upcoming energy efficiency requirements are seen as catalysts for neighbourhood revitalization, prompting the exploration of innovative models to transform these neighbourhoods into liveable and functional spaces. The discussion unfolds within the NEB compass, emphasizing the core values of beauty, sustainability, and cohesion. Practical considerations for the transformation of Tallinn districts are discussed, including spatial regulations, the complexity of ownership and the different perspectives of apartment owners. As a solution, the SOFTacademy approach is introduced, proposing a collaborative model establishing both the hardware and software elements for NEB driven renovation of neighbourhoods. In terms of hardware solution, prefabrication and modularity is used both for renovating the buildings as well as reinventing the courtyards around them. While the physical rejuvenation of the neighbourhoods is the key to NEB transformation, the shift depends as much from the software solutions. The results outline a process for initiating neighbourhood-level renovations, emphasizing the importance of consulting with owners, creating blueprints, and entering into cooperative agreements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Computational and data-enabled science and engineering are revolutionizing advances throughout science and society, at all scales of computing. For example, teams in the U.S. Department of Energy's Exascale Computing Project have been tackling new frontiers in modeling, simulation, and analysis by exploiting unprecedented exascale computing capabilities—building an advanced software ecosystem that supports next-generation applications and addresses disruptive changes in computer architectures. However, concerns are growing about the productivity of the developers of scientific software. Members of the Interoperable Design of Extreme-scale Application Software project serve as catalysts to address these challenges through fostering software communities, incubating and curating methodologies and resources, and disseminating knowledge to advance developer productivity and software sustainability. This article discusses how these synergistic activities are advancing scientific discovery—mitigating technical risks by building a firmer foundation for reproducible, sustainable science at all scales of computing, from laptops to clusters to exascale and beyond. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biomimicry is defined as a solution to design problems inspired by natural elements and processes. It offers ideas to enhance sustainability and potentially create a regenerative structure. Moving towards sustainable design is becoming increasingly crucial for the building sector, as most current architecture contributes negatively to climate change. As a result, interest in biomimicry as an approach in architecture has increased, though terminology remains fragmented, creating challenges for efficient research. In both conceptual and built architecture, biomimicry has been used in numerous contexts and for various purposes. This study aims to provide a thorough review by clarifying terminology, explaining the different approaches and classifications of biomimicry, and examining built case studies of successful biomimicry in architecture implementation. Furthermore, the discussion section will note future recommendations to avoid unnecessary challenges, identify differences between biomimicry approaches, and describe steps to encourage future studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Informacion Comercial Espanola Revista de Economia is the property of S.G.E.E.I.P.C., Secretaria de Estado de Comercio, Ministerio de Industria, Comercio y Turismo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this work, we open an avenue toward rational design of potential efficient catalysts for sustainable ammonia synthesis through composition engineering strategy by exploiting the synergistic effects among the active sites as exemplified by diatomic metals anchored graphdiyne via the combination of hierarchical high‐throughput screening, first‐principles calculations, and molecular dynamics simulations. Totally 43 highly efficient catalysts feature ultralow onset potentials (|Uonset| ≤ 0.40 V) with Rh‐Hf and Rh‐Ta showing negligible onset potentials of 0 and −0.04 V, respectively. Extremely high catalytic activities of Rh‐Hf and Rh‐Ta can be ascribed to the synergistic effects. When forming heteronuclears, the combinations of relatively weak (such as Rh) and relatively strong (such as Hf or Ta) components usually lead to the optimal strengths of adsorption Gibbs free energies of reaction intermediates. The origin can be ascribed to the mediate d‐band centers of Rh‐Hf and Rh‐Ta, which lead to the optimal adsorption strengths of intermediates, thereby bringing the high catalytic activities. Our work provides a new and general strategy toward the architecture of highly efficient catalysts not only for electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (eNRR) but also for other important reactions. We expect that our work will boost both experimental and theoretical efforts in this direction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Architectural Journal / Jian Zhu Xue Bao is the property of Architectural Journal Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Theoretical principles in environment-oriented disciplines are crucial, serving as the foundational knowledge base for all processes and activities within these fields. Their significance lies in their ability to establish a distinctive identity for these disciplines, differentiating them by their content, methodologies, and values. This research investigates the core concepts and fundamental ideas that underpin architecture and urban planning, linking these theoretical frameworks to knowledge management indicators. Understanding these theoretical foundations is vital as they are informed by knowledge-centric perspectives. Furthermore, recognizing the term "science" within these disciplines necessitates acknowledging existing frameworks and exploring new theoretical fields. The integration of software tools, particularly artificial intelligence, facilitates the application of these theoretical principles through logical algorithms. Therefore, it is essential to comprehend these fundamental concepts, which form the basis for theoretical support across all aspects of these disciplines. In simpler terms, theoretical principles can be viewed as foundational ("Foundation"), their formation as structural ("Structure"), their appearance ("Appearance"), and their application in architecture, urban planning, and urban geography as functional ("Function"). This research utilizes qualitative content analysis, specifically employing artificial intelligence via MaxQDA software. The study's findings enhance our understanding of existing theoretical foundations, enabling their adaptation into environmental scenarios and their application in new contexts and situations. By integrating these environmental scenarios into architectural and urban planning practices, professionals can create more sustainable, resilient, and livable environments, benefiting both people and the planet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Arquitectura (1657-0308) is the property of Universidad Catolica de Columbia, Facultad de Arquitectura and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Population growth, urbanization, and climate change have significantly contributed to environmental degradation, posing severe consequences for humans and other species. By integrating ecological objectives with human-centric goals, a path towards a sustainable, multi-species future is possible. Current sustainable design principles have shown positive environmental impacts by addressing human-centric objectives such as enhancing green infrastructure, energy efficiency, thermal comfort, and more. However, the incorporation of multi-species design criteria remains unresolved. This paper proposes a conceptual framework in which human-centric and ecological design objectives are defined and associated through the selection of key performance indicators (KPIs) represented by numerical thresholds. But, while the objective-KPI relationship is an established path in architectural design, the same does not apply for preserving and promoting biodiversity. The proposed conceptual framework identifies, defines, and associates the relevant objective-KPI relationships for all stakeholders and becomes the basis for evaluating the project computationally. Such an approach is currently lacking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The given text discusses the negative impact of Indiana's PL 180 law, which restricts local governments from implementing green building codes and requiring renewable energy generation. The law is seen as a detriment to the economic and environmental well-being of Hoosiers and Indiana communities. It hampers efforts to address climate change, promotes fossil fuel dependence, and disproportionately affects lower-income communities. The text proposes legal solutions and advocates for the adoption of green building codes to mitigate the effects of climate change. [Extracted from the article]

With the limited antivirals and the emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants, there is an urgent need for the development of an effective pharmaceutical against COVID-19 pandemic. Here, we aimed to discover a sustainable source of nutraceutical to combat COVID-19 by applying Artificial Intelligence/ Machine Learning (AI/ML) techniques. First, we have mapped the flavonoid database against the structural features of the viral MPRO enzyme, followed by comparative screening against other essential proteases like PLpro and furin proteases; all are essential enzymes in viral replication and invasion. Five flavonoid compounds were selected based on their potential binding affinity against the aforementioned viral proteases. The antiviral activity of the selected flavonoids was validated in vitro. The results indicated that quercetin and rutin exhibit favorable selectivity index against SARS-CoV-2. Furthermore, cytotoxic assays revealed a wide safety profile of both compounds against normal human cells. Comparative computational analysis including molecular docking and Lipinski role of 5 indicated the superiority of quercetin against SARS-CoV-2 important protease enzymes. These data underlined the efficacy and safety of quercetin, main ingredient in several fruits and vegetables, as an anti-SARS-CoV- 2 nutraceutical therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Online Journal of Art & Design is the property of Online Journal of Art & Design and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The commitment and attitudes of all stakeholders, as well as giving recognition to their value as partners in the ecotourism domain, are crucial elements in ensuring sustainable ecotourism development. The social capacity theory (SCT) posits that implementing networks of relationships is a fundamental basis for successful and sustainable tourism development. However, research has shown that the planning and management of numerous ecotourism development programs are marred by a top-down approach. This study examined the level of stakeholder participation in ecotourism activities in the Umfolozi Municipality to determine if any gaps exist in the participation structure of this key economic enterprise. A concurrent exploratory mixed methods design was operated using qualitative and quantitative survey. Qualitative data that were collected from purposefully sampled participants were thematically analysed, while quantitative data that were collected from conveniently sampled respondents were analysed using SPSS software. The findings highlight the centralisation of power and a fragmented ecotourism landscape in the study area that is plagued by manipulative participation, lack of collaboration, lac k of co-ordination, lack of awareness, and apathy among key stakeholders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to: (1) identify the condition of the Bedul Banyuwangi mangrove forest area for sustainable ecotourism; (2) evaluate the fitness of the Bedul Banyuwangi mangrove forest for sustainable ecotourism; (3) evaluate collaboration between the community and the management of Alas Purwo National Park in conserving Bedul mangrove forest areas; and (4) design a management strategy for the Bedul mangrove forest for developing sustainable ecotourism. This research is a descriptive analytic study with a survey technique constructed using a remote sensing approach and a Geographic Information System (GIS). Landsat and Quickbird satellite imagery are used to identify temporal changes in mangrove forests and temperature over the last decade. Quickbird remote sensing data are used to evaluate the current land use associated with community activities in mangrove areas and government policies related to the presence of mangrove forests. The results showed that: 1) the condition of the Bedul Banyuwangi mangrove area from 1995-2022 was in a stable state. ; 2) the fitness of the Bedul Banyuwangi mangrove forest for sustainable ecotourism is included in the S2 category or following with the Bedul mangrove ecotourism fitness index; 3) the collaborative management of the Bedul mangrove ecotourism between the community (fishing community, local government) and the management of Alas Purwo National Park is continuing good to maintain the condition of the mangroves and provide economic benefits to the community in a sustainable manner; 4) the management strategy implemented is to maintain the quality and quantity of Bedul mangroves and supporting facilities in a sustainable manner. This research can be used as a reference for future research into sustainable ecotourism, as well as for the government to create policies that support sustainable ecotourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to explore the relationship between the sustainable development of urban buildings and spatial rationality planning under the guidance of local government policies, this paper takes Beijing, Shanghai, and other regions as examples to conduct a questionnaire survey literature, analyzes environmental policies and green building principles, and puts forward several hypotheses based on relevant literature. Spatial rationality planning has an impact on the sustainable development of cities. Environmental policies and green building design principles have a constraining effect on the sustainable development of cities. Government policies can ensure the sustainability of urban building development and promote the rational distribution of space. The results show that there is an inevitable relationship between the rational spatial layout and the sustainable development of urban buildings, and environmental policy and green building design principles can promote the rational planning of space. Government policies can guide the rational layout of space and improve the sustainable development of cities. Therefore, spatial rationality planning is the main factor for the sustainable development of the city, government policy is the external factor, and environmental policy and green building design are the constraints. From the perspective of environmental policies and green building principles, local governments should guide spatial rationality planning to improve the sustainable development of buildings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Dubai Municipality has launched the ‘Green Roofs Awareness Initiative’ to achieve a green area per capita of 23.4 m2 in the city. Given the numerous symptoms caused by the unprecedented urban expansion, green roofs and facades can provide various benefits to the city. This study intends to develop an evaluation method for the performance of green roofs (artificial ground reforestation) by quantifying the thermal environment functionality of a low-maintenance lightweight green roof. As a methodology, this study analyzed the change in the thermal environment of the surface, including sensible heat and latent heat, using four types of plants, namely Polytrichum Commune (PC), Thuidium Kanedae (TK), Anomobryum Filiforme (AF), and Kentucky Bluegrass (KB). The results showed that PC reduced the ground surface temperature by 2.58°C to 3.81°C while planting PC increased relative humidity (RH) from 48.0% to 93.3%. KB had the highest effect on humidity control, resulting in a 49.31% increase in RH. Regarding the temperature change by ground surface type, the surface temperature was 0.4 ~ 0.9°C lower for PC, AF, and TK at 18 ~ 24°C, while KB showed a 0.5 ± 0.2°C lower than the set temperature. KB did not show any significant change in temperature up to 24°C, but as the set temperature increased from 30 to 36°C, the surface temperature decreased remarkably. This research provides primary data that will serve to raise awareness, reduce installation costs, and systemize government support for green roofs in Dubai. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In response to escalating environmental challenges, this research underscores the pivotal role of sustainable construction practices, particularly focusing on bioclimatic design as a foundational element within the realm of sustainable architecture and environmental upgrading of buildings, within the broader context of sustainable urban planning. The study delves into the perspectives of residents in Cyprus concerning bioclimatic building design. Employing a quantitative methodology, the investigation aims to comprehensively assess homeowner views on the benefits, motivations, concerns, and preferred techniques associated with bioclimatic design. By comprehending these perspectives and contextual factors, this study identifies obstacles hindering broader implementation and illuminates why adoption remains limited, despite the potential for substantial energy and emissions reductions. The research also examines the background of respondents, such as heating/cooling systems, energy expenses, and upgrade preferences, to provide essential context for the findings. A structured questionnaire was administered to a stratified sample of 150 pedestrians in the Pafos area, ensuring a representative cross-section of the local population. This method allowed for a robust examination of demographic influences on opinions and an in-depth analysis of the impact of residential characteristics. The findings reveal a substantial influence of cost considerations in shaping decisions related to residential property development and the renovation of existing structures, contributing to the limitation of widespread adoption across the island. This influence persists even as a majority of respondents express a readiness to undertake building energy upgrades, among which, the most popular actions include the installation of specialized glass, the replacement of traditional air conditioning units with inverters, and the adoption of energy-efficient lighting. The research culminates in the proposal that introducing financial incentives has the potential to enhance homeowner participation in bioclimatic and energy upgrades. This recommendation is particularly salient in the climatic context of Cyprus, where the implementation of solar control measures emerges as a promising avenue for bolstering energy efficiency. In considering the socio-economic dimensions implicit in these findings, it becomes evident that the interplay between financial considerations and sustainable construction practices is a critical aspect. The identified barriers underscore the necessity for nuanced strategies and policy frameworks that address the socio-economic dimensions of bioclimatic design adoption. In this context, the study contributes to the existing body of knowledge by shedding light on the intricate relationship between financial factors and sustainable architectural practices, offering implications for future research endeavors and potential avenues for policy interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High-rise buildings often use mechanical systems to assist ventilation to maintain the stability of their internal environments, and the energy consumption of mechanical ventilation poses a great challenge to urban environments and energy systems. The ventilation system of termite mounds with a combination of internal main and attached chambers is one of the classic examples of nature's bionic approach to maintaining a stable internal ventilation environment for large-volume structures. In this study, based on the inspiration of the internal ventilation chamber structure of bionic termite mounds, we constructed seven high-rise building chamber ventilation models based on the chamber structure of termite mounds with main chambers, main chambers plus single-attached chambers (three types), and main chambers plus double-attached chambers (three types) under natural ventilation conditions, aiming at obtaining the optimal low-energy and high-efficiency chamber ventilation model for bionic termite mounds in high-rise buildings. (1) The wind speed and wind pressure of the high-rise building with the addition of the bionic termite mound chamber structure is higher than that of the traditional chamber-free high-rise building in the sample floors, the maximal difference of the wind speed between the two models is 0.05 m/s, and the maximal difference of the wind speed of the single building is 0.14 m/s, with the maximal difference of the wind speed of the single building being 0.14 m/s; and the natural ventilation environment can be satisfied by a high-rise building with a chamber. (2) After increasing the single-attached chamber structure of the bionic termite mound, the difference in wind speed of different floors is 0.15 m/s, which is 0.10 m/s higher than that of the high-rise building model with the main chamber only. (3) Under the bionic termite mound chamber high-rise building double-attached chamber model, the maximum difference in wind speed of each floor sampling point can reach 0.19 m/s, while the wind pressure cloud map shows a stable wind environment system. (4) Two attached chambers are added at A and B of the high-rise building to form the a4 model of the chamber of the high-rise building with a double-chamber bionic termite mound. According to the results, it can be seen that the model of the nine floor sampling points of the maximum wind speed difference has six places for the highest value, and the single building wind speed difference for the minimum value of 0.10 m/s. The study aims to optimize the connectivity and ventilation performance of high-rise buildings under natural ventilation conditions and to promote the green and sustainable design of high-rise buildings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of CIS Building Integrated Photovoltaic as a shading device on building energy performance and PV life cycle. A multi-faceted BIPV energy evaluation approach is created. Energy performance is evaluated in two climate regions, in three scenarios for two transparency ratios of an office building. The case study indicated that when BIPV was used, in mild climates there was 24.82–41.05%, and in hot climates, 35.21–56.18% net energy consumption decreased. The PVs can produce 6.5–9.1 times the amount of energy consumed during manufacturing over the usage period. Finally, it was shown that the CIS technology contributes to sustainable architecture by reducing the integrated design difficulties in front of BIPV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As people put forward higher demand for the effect and quality of building interior decoration, the attention to building energy-saving materials has become higher and higher. In recent years, there have been many researches on green building energy-saving technology, green building evaluation and other aspects, but there are relatively few researches on applying the concept of full life cycle cost to the performance analysis of new materials for building energy conservation and environmental protection. Considering the economic performance of buildings will help to save resources in the construction industry and reduce energy consumption. The so-called full life cycle optimization of energy-saving design of green buildings is to take the concept of full life cycle optimization as the most reference, fully coordinate all elements in the portfolio project, and ensure that the full life cycle cost of the building can be greatly reduced. To realize the energy-saving optimization of green buildings, it is necessary to ensure that it runs through the whole life cycle of the building, fully combine the life cycle cost with the building function, and systematically do the optimization work. The performance analysis model of building decoration energy-saving and environmental protection new materials based on the whole life cycle proposed in this paper can be used to analyse the various properties of various new materials. The experimental results show that the maximum error of the test results is 9.6%, the minimum error is 1.3%, and the average error is only 6.43%. This shows that the model built in this paper is reliable, and the calculated results are in good agreement with the experimental results, which can be used to analyse the performance of new building decoration energy-saving and environmental protection materials. The ideas and methods of solving the model established in this paper have important guiding significance, and can be used as a powerful reference tool for studying other solving methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Buildings account for a significant amount of energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions worldwide. Electricity and fossil fuels are currently the primary sources of energy used for cooling and heating buildings, depending on the climate and location. Both energy sources are responsible for significant greenhouse gas emissions. In contrast, plants and vegetation absorb carbon dioxide and, thus, improve the quality of air. This effect indirectly influences climate change to lower energy demands and produce additional emissions due to rising energy consumption trends. Plants also reduce the ambient temperature by providing shade on roof surfaces. Hence, the large-scale deployment of green roofs reduces energy consumption, emissions, and costs. However, green roofs also impact the overall weight of a building and require additional construction costs. Therefore, the contribution of green roofs to the various structural and thermal performances of buildings varies for extensive intensive or semi-intensive systems. These interactions warranted a lifecycle analysis to optimize the extent of green roof applications. This approach highlighted sustainability performance measures, including energy, emissions, water, and waste. The presented study addressed a lifecycle analysis of green roof deployment during a hot summer in a Mediterranean climate zone. This climate applies to many areas that benefit from warming temperatures without extreme needs for cooling or heating. The emphasis on comparing two towns within the same climate zone facilitated a more detail-oriented approach to the lifecycle analysis. The results illustrated the energy consumption and associated release of greenhouse gas emissions related to structural and roofing materials and thermal operations throughout the service life of a building. The conclusions assessed the challenges and opportunities of green roof applications on new and existing buildings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the main concept of sustainable tourism to comprehend the terminology on definition, aspects, and main concept. Furthermore, the discussion continues on how architecture plays an important part in achieving the sustainability of tourist attraction areas, and the practical ways that have been done from an architectural perspective. The discussion in the architecture subject is divided into 2 parts: the heritage building and new building, and how the architectural decision in those areas plays part in supporting sustainable tourism. In heritage building tourism, it is important to maintain the building is in good condition physically and also functional. Adaptive re-use is mainly being used to revitalize heritage buildings. In new buildings, there are several ways that can be done to support sustainability in tourism and its usually by designing an environmentally low negative impact building's design. If these strategies applied in buildings design, it is possible to develop a tourism area that emphasizes the concept of sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Attention to human-centered features in architectural design to create levels of physical, functional and psychological comfort, in line with attention to environmental and energy consumption management approaches, is nowadays considered an important and growing movement towards the definition of sustainable architecture. Thermal comfort is a significant subset of this attention which can be examined in two physiological and psychological aspects and is defined as "the condition of mind that expresses satisfaction with the thermal environment". With the assumption that "people are not inactive in environmental conditions", this study seeks to evaluate the qualitative human-centered factors affecting thermal perception by examining the possibility of redefining the upper and lower limits of thermal comfort temperature in the environmental conditions of open spaces with the aim of improving the global standard temperature and minimizing and managing energy consumption. It is based on library studies and field observations whose data were collected using a questionnaire from the visitors to Naqsh-e Jahan Square in Isfahan in the cold season and appropriate solutions were presented after the results had been analyzed using SPSS 26. Results indicated that the architectural response to thermal comfort is influenced by qualitative and human-centered approaches, and adaptation and alliesthesia play a significant role in defining the acceptable human thermal environment and comfort temperature, which does not necessarily conform to the Design limits set by global standards and where calculations are not merely quantitative and can be redefined depending on qualitative characteristics in Line with sustainable Design thinking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Use of stone in architecture has been an enduring and timeless tradition throughout history, withstanding the test of time from ancient civilizations to today's architecture. The durability, versatility and aesthetic appeal of stone make it an exceptional material for creating striking architectural designs. Stone has been used for centuries, as an integral part of architecture since ancient times and its importance still holds true in contemporary architecture being a popular building material today. In this context, this study examines the key features of stone that make it such a vital material for architectural design by exploring the advantages and disadvantages of using stone for architecture. The paper examines the role of stone in architecture and explores how contemporary projects have utilized stone in innovative and creative ways also delves into the significance and beauty of stone architecture, highlighting its history, durability and aesthetic appeal. The research methodology includes the analysis of case studies of contemporary projects crafted from stone, examining the design process, materials and techniques used. The case studies analyzed in this paper demonstrate the versatility of stone in contemporary architecture. The projects showcase how stone can be used in innovative ways, including the creation of sculptural forms, the incorporation of technology and the utilization of sustainable materials. The paper argues that stone's timeless qualities, durability and versatility make it an ideal material for contemporary architecture, particularly in achieving sustainability and aesthetic appeal. The study concludes that the use of stone in architecture remains crucial in creating robust, sustainable and attractive structures that stand the test of time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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