631 results on '"SUNFLOWER meal"'
Search Results
302. Performance of brown-egg laying pullets fed diets with sunflower meal and enzyme complexes.
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Alencar, A.V.O., Gomes, T.R., Nascimento, G.A.J., Freitas, E.R., Watanabe, P.H., and Nepomuceno, R.C.
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MULTIENZYME complexes , *EGG quality , *ANIMAL nutrition , *AGRICULTURAL egg production , *MEALS , *SUNFLOWER meal - Abstract
• The sunflower meal increases the feed conversion ratio in the grower phase. • The enzyme complexes are not efficient for diets containing sunflower meal. • The sexual maturity and egg quality were not affected by sunflower meal or enzymes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the inclusion of sunflower meal and enzymes in brown-egg laying pullets in the grower phase (7 to 17 wk of age) on feed intake, feed conversion ratio, egg production performance, sexual maturity, and egg quality at the beginning of the laying phase. A total of 480 brown egg laying pullets were assigned to a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments with sunflower meal (12 and 24%) and enzyme complexes (with or without) and plus 1 (control) with 6 replications per treatment and 16 pullets per pen for the performance assay. At the end of the grower phase, 330 remaining pullets (480 initial birds subtracting removed birds for analysis) were transferred to the laying house until 35 wk of age, where the same experimental design was maintained, however, the replications now had 11 pullets selected those close to the average. There was no interaction between SM and enzyme supplementation, however, the diets containing SM and enzymes caused a increase in feed intake and feed conversion ratio (P < 0.01). As for laying phase, diets containing SM and enzymes used in the grower phase, did not affect the productive performance, sexual maturity, and egg quality, with a decrease in specific density values when compared to the control treatment (P < 0.01). The increase in inclusion from 12 up to 24% of sunflower meal in the diets of brown-egg laying pullets increase the feed intake and feed conversion ratio in the grower phase, but it had no residual effect in the productive performance at the beginning of the laying phase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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303. Restructuring the sunflower-based biodiesel industry into a circular bio-economy business model converting sunflower meal and crude glycerol into succinic acid and value-added co-products.
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Efthymiou, Maria-Nefeli, Pateraki, Chrysanthi, Papapostolou, Harris, Lin, Carol Sze Ki, and Koutinas, Apostolis
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SUCCINIC acid , *GLYCERIN , *SUNFLOWER meal , *HEMICELLULOSE , *BUSINESS models , *PHYTASES , *MEALS - Abstract
A novel bio-economy business model for production of bio-based succinic acid and value-added co-products has been developed using biodiesel industry by-products. Sunflower meal (SFM) fractionation resulted in an antioxidant-rich extract via aqueous ethanol extraction and a protein concentrate stream via NaOH recycling using ultrafiltration. Solid state fermentation (SSF) by Aspergillus awamori using untreated SFM resulted in the production of cellulase, β-glucosidase, xylanase, protease and phytase. After the extraction of co-products, the residual SFM was hydrolysed via thermochemical and enzymatic treatment using crude enzymes resulting in conversion yields of 0.23 g g−1 total Kjeldahl nitrogen to free amino nitrogen, 0.56 g g−1 cellulose to glucose and 0.92 g g−1 hemicellulose to sugars. The SFM-derived hydrolysate was used in fed-batch cultures of Actinobacillus succinogenes leading to 34 g L−1 succinic acid with a yield of 0.6 g g−1 and a productivity of 0.71 g L−1 h−1. Crude glycerol supplemented with SFM hydrolysate resulted in 69.1 g L−1 succinic acid with a yield of 0.39 g g−1 and a productivity of 1.26 g L−1 h−1 by Yarrowia lipolytica PSA02004. SFM was efficiently used for co-product extraction, fermentation medium production and on-site crude enzyme production via SSF. [Display omitted] • Bio-economy business model development using sunflower meal and crude glycerol. • Phenolic-rich extract and protein concentrate as value-added products from sunflower meal. • Efficient on-site production of crude enzyme consortia from sunflower meal. • Succinic acid production at high productivity (1.26 g L−1 h−1) by Yarrowia lipolytica. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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304. Ultrasonic-assisted protein extraction from sunflower meal: Kinetic modeling, functional, and structural traits.
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Dabbour, Mokhtar, Jiang, Hui, Mintah, Benjamin K., Wahia, Hafida, and He, Ronghai
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SUNFLOWER meal , *ATOMIC force microscopy , *ULTRASONIC imaging , *SUNFLOWER seed oil , *SURFACE charges , *SCANNING electron microscopy - Abstract
Effect of mono and dual frequency (20, 28 and 20/28 kHz) ultrasound action on extraction kinetics, functional, and structural traits of sunflower protein (SP) was examined. A simplified model based on Fick's second law was developed, and the mass transfer of soluble SP in a heterogeneous system was successfully described. Findings suggested that ultrasound action significantly increased (p < 0.05) the release and diffusion of soluble SP across the cell wall into extraction solvent, causing enhanced observed rate constant (k) and diffusion-effective coefficient (D s) values over control. Moreover, dual frequency sonication (20/28 kHz) considerably increased oil holding efficacy and surface charge (by 21.07 and 32.15%, respectively), but reduced water holding efficacy and particle size (by 40.74 and 26.61%, respectively) relative to untreated sample (p < 0.05). Also, ultrasonicated SP displayed excellent solubility under varying pH (2−10), likened to the control (p < 0.05). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) outcomes indicated that ultrasonicated SP showed irregular fragments, heterogenous/ disordered structure and small-sized particles, suggesting that sonication (notably 20/28 kHz) destroyed the cross-linkages among SP molecules. FT-IR spectroscopy exhibited that ultrasonication improved the content of β-sheet from 8.52–18.94% and random coil from 11.63–21.71%, whereas reductions in α-helix and β-turn were noticed, implying limited unfolding of SP structure and decreases in intermolecular interactions. Intrinsic fluorescence analysis revealed that dual frequency treatment was observed to be more efficient in altering the tertiary structure of SP reference to single frequency and control. Sunflower protein, isolated from sunflower residue, is a potentially low-cost resource for food applications. Ultrasonication is reported to improve the extraction of proteins as well as enhancing their functionalities. The existing study displayed that ultrasonication (observably dual frequency treated) was successfully applied to improve the extractability of soluble sunflower protein, and enhanced its functionality (solubility and OH e) reference to control. The research outcomes may benefit food/ chemical industries in extraction and/or alteration of sunflower protein in new applications. • A new kinetic model for extraction of sunflower protein (SP) was developed. • Sonication (observably 20/28 kHz) increased the release and diffusion of soluble SP. • Ultrasonicated SP displayed higher solubility and oil holding efficacy than control. • AFM indicated the collapse of cross-linkages among SP molecules following sonication. • FTIR spectra exhibited notable changes in secondary structure of SP after sonication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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305. Growth and economic profit of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata, L.) fed sunflower meal
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Sánchez Lozano, Nury Beatriz, Tomás Vidal, Ana, Martínez-Llorens, Silvia, Nogales Mérida, Silvia, Blanco, Javier Espert, Moñino López, Andrés, Pla Torres, Marcial, and Cerdá, Miguel Jover
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RED porgy , *ANIMAL feeding , *DIET , *SUNFLOWERS - Abstract
Abstract: The utilisation of sunflower meal as a substitute for fish meal was evaluated in juvenile (44 g±4.6 on average) gilthead sea bream fed diets containing four levels of sunflower meal (0, 12, 24 and 36%). The experiment was divided into two phases; in the first one (until day 90), fish reached a weight of 189, 198, 187 and 174 g, respectively, the diet containing 36% gave the lowest specific growth rate (SGR) and the diet containing 12% sunflower meal the highest. In the second phase (from day 91 to day 248), fish growth was not significantly affected by treatments. In relation to feed intake (FI) and feed conversion ratio (FCR), the diet containing 36% sunflower meal gave the worst results in both phases. There were no statistical differences in body composition, but energy and protein efficiency were lowest in fish fed the diet containing 36% sunflower meal. Sensory differences between sea bream fed diets containing 0% and 24% sunflower meal were not detected. Optimum dietary level of sunflower meal for growth and feed conversion obtained from quadratic regression was 10–12%, but when economic aspects were considered, the optimum dietary level was 14–15% sunflower meal. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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- 2007
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306. The Influence of Exogenous Multienzyme Preparation and Graded Levels of Digestible Lysine in Sunflower Meal-Based Diets on the Performance of Young Broiler Chicks Two Weeks Posthatching.
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Mushtaq, T., Sarwar, M., Ahmad, G., Nisa, M. U., and Jami, A.
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ENZYMES , *BROILER chickens , *ANIMAL morphology , *LOW-protein diet , *ANIMAL feeds - Abstract
The study was conducted to investigate the effect of adding multienzyme preparation (Rovabio Excel AP, Adisseo Asia Pacific Pte Ltd., Singapore) at 2 inclusion levels of sunflower meal (SFM; 20 and 30% of the diets) with 3 levels of digestible Lys (0.8, 0.9, and 1.0%) with and without enzyme in a 2 × 2 × 3 factorial arrangement. Each diet was offered to 4 replicates of 51 one-day-old straight-run Hubbard broiler chicks (n = 2448) in a practical vegetable-based mash diet having 2,750 kcal of ME/kg and 19% CP during 2 wk posthatching (1 to 14 d of age). Feed formulation was based on digestible amino acids, which were calculated from the CP and DM contents of each ingredient using AminoDat 2 (Degussa Corp., Allendale, NJ). The enzyme used in this study was authenticated by the supplier to have mini- mum level of endo-1,4-β xylanase (22,000 visco units/g) and endo-1,3(4)-β glucanase (2,000 AGL units/g) and was added at the rate of 50 mg/kg of finished diet. No significant effect of enzyme or level of SFM was observed on BW gain (BWG), feed intake, or mortality during the experimental period. The BWG and feed:gain for birds fed on 30% SFM with enzyme were comparable to those fed on 20% SFM without enzyme during 1 to 14 d of age. However, enzyme at 20% SFM depressed the BWG (P ≤ 0.006) and feed conversion ratio (P ≤ 0.027). A quadratic (P ≤ 0.036) response of digestible Lys was noted for BWG, whereas it was linear (P ≤ 0.001) for feed:gain during 1 to 7 and 1 to 14 d. A level of 1.0% digestible Lys was observed best for BWG and feed:gain. For BWG, 0.8 and 0.9% digestible Lys was comparable when it was used at 30% SFM, along with enzyme. In conclusion, enzyme supplementation during 2 wk posthatching has no remarkable effect when used in SFM-based diets. Moreover, digestible Lys may be lowered to 0.8% during the first week but not less than 1.0% during the second week post-hatching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
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307. Nutritive value of partially dehulled and extruded sunflower meal for post-smolt Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar L.) in sea water.
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Gill, Navneet, Higgs, David A., Skura, Brent J., Rowshandeli, Mahmoud, Dosanjh, Bakhshish S., Mann, Jason, and Gannam, Ann L.
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ATLANTIC salmon , *FISH meal , *SUNFLOWERS , *LOW-protein diet , *FIBERS - Abstract
This study determined the digestibility of protein in partially dehulled sunflower meal (SFM) and then, as the main goal, the nutritive value of high-temperature extruded (≤149°C) partially dehulled SFM (SFMEX) for post-smolt Atlantic salmon Salmo salar in sea water. The digestibility study was conducted using the settling column approach (‘Guelph system’) for faeces collection as described by Hajen, Higgs, Beames and Dosanjh. In the nutritive value study, triplicate groups of 50 salmon (mean weight ∼116 g) in 4000-L outdoor fibreglass tanks supplied with 25–40 L min−1, filtered, oxygenated (dissolved oxygen, 7.0–8.5 mg L−1), 11–12°C sea water (salinity, 29–31 g L−1), were fed twice daily to satiation one of five steam-pelleted dry diets that contained 422 g of digestible protein (DP) kg−1 and ∼16.4 MJ of digestible energy (DE) kg−1 on a dry weight basis for 84 days. Low-temperature-dried anchovy meal (LT-AM) comprised 68.2% of the basal diet protein whereas in four test diets, SFMEX progressively replaced up to 33.0% of the DP provided by LT-AM in the basal diet (SFMEX≤271 g kg−1 of dry matter). Sunflower meal had 87.9% DP. Diet treatment did not significantly affect specific growth rate (1.39–1.45% day−1), feed efficiency (1.19–1.26), percentage of dietary protein retained (45.8–47.5), gross energy utilization (46.5–49.4%), per cent survival (96.0–99.3) or terminal whole body and muscle proximate compositions. We conclude that SFMEX can comprise ≥271 g kg−1 of the dry diet or ≥22.7% of the digestible dietary protein of post-smolt Atlantic salmon in seawater without any adverse effects on their performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
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308. Enzymatic degradation of chlorogenic acid using a polyphenol oxidase preparation from the white-rot fungus Trametes versicolor ATCC 42530
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Martinez, Emerson and Duvnjak, Zdravko
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POLYPHENOL oxidase , *ENZYMES , *HYDROGEN-ion concentration , *CHEMICAL kinetics - Abstract
Abstract: The aim of this work was to investigate an enzymatic process to decrease the chlorogenic acid (CGA) content in a model system with pure CGA as substrate. The results obtained in the model system indicated that CGA can be decreased by 98% in a 3h reaction time period. The effects of pH, temperature, and enzyme and substrate concentrations on the rate of the enzymatic reaction were studied. It was found that the optimum pH and temperature were 4.3 and 45°C, respectively. For low enzyme concentrations, a linear relationship exists between the enzyme concentration and the initial reaction rate. However, this linearity disappears when the enzyme concentration was higher than 1nkat/mL. With respect to the CGA concentration, the enzyme was saturated with substrate when its concentration was 0.13mM. The kinetics of CGA decrease in the model system was also investigated. The results from this study can help to understand better the enzymatic process in a more complex system where sunflower meal is used as a source of substrate. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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- 2006
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309. Optimization of the classification process in the zigzag air classifier for obtaining a high protein sunflower meal – Chemometric and CFD approach
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Vojislav Banjac, Dušica Čolović, Lato Pezo, Radmilo Čolović, Đuro Vukmirović, Aleksandar Fišteš, and Milada Pezo
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Optimization ,General Chemical Engineering ,education ,Airflow ,Analytical chemistry ,02 engineering and technology ,law.invention ,Sieve ,0404 agricultural biotechnology ,Magazine ,law ,Response surface methodology ,Hammer ,Hammer mill ,Mathematics ,2. Zero hunger ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,040401 food science ,Sunflower ,Zigzag ,Mechanics of Materials ,Air classification ,CFD ,0210 nano-technology ,Sunflower meal ,Air classifier - Abstract
peer-reviewed, In this study, sunflower meal is ground by a hammer mill after which air zigzag gravitational air classifieris used for separating sunflower hulls from the kernels in order to obtain protein rich fractions. Three hammer mill sieves with sieve openings diameter of 3, 2 and 1 mm were used, while three air flows (5, 8.7 and 12.5 m3/h) and three feed rates (30%, 60% an 90% of bowl feeder oscillation maximum rate) were varied during air classification process. For describing the effects of the test variables on the observed responses Principal Component Analysis, Standard Score analysis and Response Surface Methodology were used. Beside experimental investigations, CFD model was used for numerical optimization of sunflower meal air classification process. Air classification of hammer milled sunflower meal resulted in coarse fractions enriched in protein content. The decrease in sieve openings diameter of the hammer mill sieve increased protein content incoarse fractions of sunflower meal obtained at same air flow, and at the same time decreased matchingfraction yield. Increase in air flow lead to the increase in protein content along the same hammer mill sieve. Standard score analysis showed that optimum values for protein content and ratio of coarse and fine fractions have been obtained by using a sieve with 1 mm opening diameter, air flow of 12.5 m3/hand 60% of the maximum feeder rate. Fraction ratio and protein content were mostly affected by the linear term of air flow and the sieve openings diameter of the hammer mill sieve in the Second Order Polynomial model. The main focus of CFD analysis was on the particle simulation and the evaluation of the separation efficiency of the zigzag classifier., This work is a part of Integrated and Interdisciplinary Research Project No III 46012, funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia.
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- 2017
310. Ruminantların Beslenmesinde Yaygın Olarak Kullanılan Proteince Zengin Bazı Yem Hammaddelerinin Protein Parçgalanabilirlik Özelliklerinin In Sacco Yöntemle Belirlenmesi.
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Deniz, Suphi, Karsli, M. Akif, Nursoy, Hüseyin, and Kutlu, M. Sait
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RAMS , *PROTEINS , *ALFALFA as feed , *ANIMAL feeds , *MALE livestock - Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the in situ degradation kinetics of some commonly used protein sources (sunflower meal, cottonseed meal, and soybean meal). Three ruminally fistulated rams were utilized in the study. They were fed ground alfalfa and a mixture of concentrate (60% alfalfa and 40% mixture) at maintenance level. The Dacron bags used in the study had a 45 µ² pore size and internal dimensions of 15 x 7 cm. Feed samples were ground to pass through a 2 mm screen. Samples were incubated in the rumen of rams for 0, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24 and 48 h. Each feed sample was incubated in the rumen of 3 rams in duplicate for each incubation time. Approximately 3.5 g of samples were placed in each Dacron bag. Concentrations of organic matter were 93.16%, 94.43% and 93.40% (P < 0.05); ether extract 1.70%, 7.12% and 2.79% (P < 0.05); crude fiber 21.64%, 19.81% and 6.77% (P < 0.05); crude protein 32.03%, 30.07% and 50.02% (P < 0.05); and ADIN- N 11.57%, 11.00% and 10.45% (P < 0.05) for sunflower meal (SFM), cottonseed meal (CSM) and soybean meal (SBM), respectively. Ruminal DM degradability of samples was highest with SBM for all incubation times followed by SFM and CSM in that order (P < 0.05). While crude protein degradabilities of SFM were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than those of CSM and SBM up to 12 h incubation, they were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than those of CSM but similar to those of SBM at 24 and 48 h incubation times. Crude protein degradabilities were 55.72%, 41.08% and 66.06% after 8 h incubation for SFM, CSM and SBM, respectively (P < 0.05). Concentrations of water soluble protein were 45.93%, 37.65% and 35.79% (P < 0.05); potentially degradable protein 44.21%, 29.48% and 55.72% (P < 0.05); non-degradable protein 9.86%, 32.87% and 8.49% (P < 0.05); k, h-1 were 0.173, 0.066 and 0.114 (P < 0.05); percentages of escape protein were 18.41%, 42.50% and 33.55% (P < 0.05); and escape... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2004
311. Nonruminant Nutrition: Grow/Finish - Energy & Protein.
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ANIMAL nutrition , *SUIDAE , *LIVESTOCK , *AMINO acids , *RICE products - Abstract
Presents abstracts of several studies on nonruminant pig nutrition. "Advantages of Formulating Diets Based on Net Energy on Pig Performance, Carcass Characteristics and Production Economics," by M. Rademacher and L. Hagemann; "Energy, Protein, and Amino Acid Digestibility in Different Sources of Rice Bran for Growing Pigs," by C. Kaufmann and colleagues; "Comparison of a Diet Containing Food Waste With a Corn/Soybean Diet Fed to Swine," by J. Jones, M. L. Westendorf and J. E. Wohlt.
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- 2004
312. Nonruminant Nutrition: Grow/Finish--Energy & Protein.
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ANIMAL nutrition , *SUIDAE , *LIVESTOCK , *AMINO acids , *RICE products - Abstract
Presents abstracts of several studies on nonruminant pig nutrition. "Advantages of Formulating Diets Based on Net Energy on Pig Performance, Carcass Characteristics and Production Economics," by M. Rademacher and L. Hagemann; "Energy, Protein, and Amino Acid Digestibility in Different Sources of Rice Bran for Growing Pigs," by C. Kaufmann and colleagues; "Comparison of a Diet Containing Food Waste With a Corn/Soybean Diet Fed to Swine," by J. Jones, M. L. Westendorf and J. E. Wohlt.
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- 2004
313. Nonruminant Nutrition: Grow/Finish--Energy & Protein.
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ANIMAL nutrition , *SUIDAE , *LIVESTOCK , *AMINO acids , *RICE products - Abstract
Presents abstracts of several studies on nonruminant pig nutrition. "Advantages of Formulating Diets Based on Net Energy on Pig Performance, Carcass Characteristics and Production Economics," by M. Rademacher and L. Hagemann; "Energy, Protein, and Amino Acid Digestibility in Different Sources of Rice Bran for Growing Pigs," by C. Kaufmann and colleagues; "Comparison of a Diet Containing Food Waste With a Corn/Soybean Diet Fed to Swine," by J. Jones, M. L. Westendorf and J. E. Wohlt.
- Published
- 2004
314. Reducing fiber content of sunflower oil meal through treatment of enzymes produced from Arachnoitus sp.
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Ahmad, Tanveer, Aslam, Zahid, and Rasool, Shahid
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SUNFLOWER seed oil , *FIBER content of feeds , *FIBERS , *ENZYMES , *CELLULASE - Abstract
A multi-enzyme mixture containing cellulases and hemicellulase activity, produced from Arachniotus sp., a white rot fungus, were applied on sunflower oil meal (SFOM) to degrade its fiber content. SFOM was treated with different concentrations of enzyme solution at variable pH, and incubated at temperatures ranging from 25 to 60°C, for different time periods ranging from 3 to 48 h to determine the maximum increase in metabolizable energy content by saccharification of fiber into sugars through enzymatic degradation. Maximum saccharification of SFOM fiber was obtained at a 1:1 enzyme substrate ratio, pH 4.0 and incubation for 36 h at 40°C. A reduction of 47.27% in crude fiber contents of sunflower oil meal was observed after enzyme treatment at optimized conditions. Enzyme treatment resulted in reduction of 41.53 and 31.87% in acid detergent fiber and neutral detergent fiber contents, respectively. An increase of 28.09% in nitrogen free extract contents of SFOM was found after enzyme treatment. True metabolizable energy contents of SFOM, after enzyme treatment, were increased from 1898.4 to 2314.9 kCal/kg. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2004
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315. Ruminal degradability and in vitro intestinal digestibility of sunflower meal and in vitro digestibility of olive by-products supplemented with urea or sunflower meal: Comparison between goats and sheep
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Molina Alcaide, E., Ruiz, D.R. Yáñez, Moumen, A., and García, A.I. Martín
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RUMEN (Ruminants) , *OLIVE , *UREA , *SUNFLOWERS - Abstract
The in vitro digestibility of two-stage dried olive cake (TSDOC) and olive leaves (OL) unsupplemented or supplemented with increasing amounts of urea (U) or sunflower meal (SM) (0, 1.5, 2 and 2.5 g/100 g organic matter (OM) of the by-product) was determined. Chemical and amino acid composition, in vitro digestibility, in situ rumen degradability of crude protein and amino acids, and in situ–in vitro intestinal digestibility of SM CP and amino acids was determined. The in sacco rumen degradability and in vitro intestinal availability of CP and individual amino acids were also determined. Results obtained in Granadina goats and Seguren˜a wethers were compared. SM provides arginine, glycine and aspartic and glutamic acids. The addition of increasing amounts of U or SM improved (
P<0.001 ) the IVDMD and IVOMD of both TSDOC and OL. There was no effect (P>0.05 ) of the rumen inoculum origin on in vitro TSDOC digestibility. In contrast, values for OL were higher (P<0.001 ) for goats versus sheep. In sacco ruminal CP degradability of SM was relatively high, and similar in sheep and goats (ED=0.78 and 0.75 for sheep and goats). Individual amino acid ruminal degradability had different values, being lowest for methionine, leucine, proline, tyrosine and cysteine. Values obtained for individual amino acids differed from those of CP. Apparent intestinal digestibility of undegraded protein (AIDUP) of SM was high (0.86 and 0.98, respectively, for sheep and goats). The intestinally absorbable protein (IADP) was low (18.9 and 24.0 for sheep and goats, respectively). Results indicate that goats and sheep have the same capacity for TSDOC digestion, but goats showed a better capacity than sheep for OL utilisation. Although the amino acids supply to the intestine from SM is not important it could be a good supplement for low degradable protein feedstuffs such as TSDOC and OL. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]- Published
- 2003
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316. Replacing soybean meal with sunflower meal with or without fibrolytic enzymes in fattening diets of goat kids
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Titi, H.H.
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SOYBEAN , *CELLULASE - Abstract
Nutritional value of sunflower meal (SFM) as a replacement protein source of soybean meal (SBM) for goat kids was evaluated. Thirty-six weaned Shami goat kids were randomly selected and used in a complete randomize design (CRD) trial with three treatments. Kids were divided into three groups of equal number and allocated into pens of similar size and condition. For each group, kids were fed one of three diets containing SBM, SFM, or SFM supplemented with fibrolytic cellulases enzyme (sunflower meal with enzyme, SFME). The experiment lasted 12 weeks. Total gain and average daily gain were higher (
P<0.05 ) for kids fed SFME with no differences obtained between SBM and SFM. Daily gain values averaged 221.7, 155.8, and 141.6 g for the three experiments, respectively. SFME group had the highest (P<0.05 ) feed intake value. At the same time, SFM and SBM group were not different (P>0.05 ) with higher value for the former. Same results were obtained for the feed conversion ratio (FCR) where SFME kids had the highest (P<0.05 ) FCR value of 4.7. No difference was observed for SBM in feed conversion ratio value (6.6) compared to that of the SFM (7.59). It is concluded that sunflower meal can successfully replace soybean meal as a protein source in fattening diets. Moreover, fibrolytic enzymes can be effectively used to enhance the feeding value of the SFM and overcome its high fiber content. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]- Published
- 2003
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317. Use of sunflower meal or fish meal as protein supplement for high quality fresh forage diets: ruminal fermentation, microbial protein synthesis and sites of digestion
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Pavan, Enrique and Santini, Francisco J.
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FORAGE plants , *HEIFERS , *ANIMAL feeds - Abstract
Four Holstein heifers with ruminal and duodenal cannulas were used in a cross-over design with the objective to evaluate if, in fresh forage diets, the ruminal N requirements for microbial protein synthesis would be met by forage protein and also if total protein flow at the duodenum could be increased by the use of a low degradable protein (LDP) in the concentrate. Diets consisted of fresh alfalfa forage (
CP=19.4% ,NDF=44.5% ,IVDMD=65.5% ) offered ad libitum and 4.5 kg dry matter (DM) of either a highly degradable protein (HDP;CP=18% ,IVDMD=82.4% ) or a low degradable protein concentrate (LDP;CP=19.9% andIVDMD=83.8% ). Concentrates contained ground corn, wheat bran, salt mix and either sunflower meal (SFM) (24% of DM; HDP) or fish meal (FM) (14% of DM; LDP). Cows were fed three times per day. Chromic oxide (Cr2O5) was used as an external marker for digesta flow estimation. Total diet compositions were:OM=91.4 and 90.3%, andCP=19.4 and 20.0% for HDP and LDP, respectively. Total OM and CP intake averaged 10.5 kg OM per day and 364 g N per day (P>0.10 ). Apparent ruminal OM digestibility was 36.5% of OM intake (P=0.87 ). Although ruminal ammonia concentration was higher (P=0.02 ) when HDP was fed (25.3 mg/dl versus 19.5 mg/dl), the proportion of total N consumed reaching the duodenum did not differ with the type of supplement fed (P=0.45 ) (average: 98.5% of intake). Duodenal flow of non-ammonia N (NAN), microbial N (MN) and dietary N were not different among treatments (average: 354, 281 and 74 g per day). Efficiency of microbial protein synthesis (MPS), as g MN/kg OM apparently or truly digested in rumen, was not affected (P>0.10 ) by treatments (average: 73.6 and 42.0). Ruminal pH (average: 6.1) and total VFA concentration (average: 159.5 mmol/dl) were also unaffected by the source of protein used. According to these results, the use of SFM or FM as a source of HDP and LDP, respectively, did not alter either MPS or total CP flow to the duodenum, despite lower rumen ammonia concentration when FM was fed in the concentrate. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]- Published
- 2002
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318. Harina de girasol con y sin suplementación de fitasa en dietas para juveniles de bagre (Barbudo, col.; rhamdia quelen)
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Milena Souza dos Santos Sanchez, Jhonis Ernzen Pessini, Fábio Bittencourt, Kátia A. Weiler, Wilson Rogério Boscolo, Luiz Edivaldo Pezzato, Mariana Lins Rodrigues, Altevir Signor, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná – UNIOESTE, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), and Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
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aquiculture ,Alternative feed ,Fish farming ,Soybean meal ,Aquaculture ,Silver catfish ,Biology ,Diet supplementation ,rhamdia quelen ,Aquiculture ,SF1-1100 ,Animal science ,sunflower meal ,medicine ,Completely randomized design ,alternative feed ,Meal ,General Veterinary ,silver catfish ,fish nutrition ,productive performance ,Phytase ,Productivperformance ,Sunflower ,Animal culture ,enzyme ,aquaculture ,diet supplementation ,phytase ,Enzyme ,Rhamdia quelen ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Fish nutrition ,medicine.symptom ,Weight gain ,Sunflower meal ,Catfish - Abstract
Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-12T00:59:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2019-10-01 Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação Ministério da Educação Background: The cost of feed in fish farming can exceed 70% of the total costs. Thus, the feed industry have sought to formulate balanced diets including low-cost by-products. Objective: To evaluate sunflower meal as a partial substitute (0, 10, and 20%) for soybean meal, with or without phytase supplementation (1,500 FTU/kg) in isoproteic (27% crude protein (CP)) and isoenergetic diets (3,400 kcal/ED/kg of feed) for silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) juveniles. Methods: A total of 360 fish (weight: 15.77 ± 0.56 g) were randomly distributed in 24 tanks in a completely randomized design following a factorial scheme (3x2) with 4 replicates. The fish were evaluated on the following variables after 90 days: productive performance, hematological variables, histology of intestinal tissue, bromatological composition of carcass, and composition of bone mineral matter. Results: 20% dietary inclusion of sunflower meal improved weight gain and protein efficiency. No difference was observed in the other treatments and no interactions were observed between the other factors. Conclusion: 20% sunflower meal can be included in the feed of silver catfish as a substitute for soybean meal. Phytase inclusion (1,500 FTU/kg) did not improve the nutritional value of the treatments. Aquaculture Management Studies Group Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná – UNIOESTE Aquaculture Species Nutrition Laboratory Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina – UFSC College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science Universidade Estadual Paulista – UNESP College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science Universidade Estadual Paulista – UNESP CNPq: 06/2011 Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação: 06/2011 Ministério da Educação: 06/2011 CNPq: 821/2013
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- 2019
319. Improvement of the technique of quantitative determination of chlorogenic acid in shrot from sunflower seeds
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соняшниковий шрот ,оптимальні умови ,antioxidant ,sunflower meal ,антиоксидант ,extraction process ,процес екстракції ,фенольні сполуки ,mathematical modeling ,phenolic compounds ,optimal conditions ,математичне моделювання - Abstract
У статті розглянуто корисні властивості сполук - антиоксидантів стосовно жирових продуктів харчування та організму людини вцілому. Зазначено, які бувають антиоксиданти за природою та описано механізми їх дії. Крім того, обґрунтовано вибір соняшникового шроту, як сировини для виробництва антиоксидантів і вказано, які саме антиоксиданти містяться у шроті. До них належать поліфенольні сполуки і, зокрема хлорогенова кислота, кількість якої складає 43-73 % усіх поліфенольних сполук, виділених з ядра соняшника та 1-4 % стосовно соняшникового шроту. Розглянуто методи кількісного аналізу поліфенольних сполук - антиоксидантів та, враховуючи переваги і недоліки, обрано один з них для подальших досліджень - метод перманганатного титрування, який базується на окисленні фенольних сполук перманганатом калію за участю індигокарміну як індикатору. Кінець реакції визначається за зникненням зеленого відтінку і появою чистого жовтого кольору. Обраний метод був удосконалений з метою усунення труднощів під час визначення кінця реакції. Для економії часу та кількості розчинника, підготовку зразка шроту для вилучення поліфенольних сполук і, зокрема хлорогенової кислоти, також вдосконалено за допомогою центрального композитного ортогонального планування другого порядку з наступним математичним моделюванням в пакеті програмного забезпечення MathCad. Серію дослідів щодо екстрагування хлорогенової кислоти із соняшникового шроту проводили в одну ступінь у колбі зі зворотним холодильником на киплячій водяній бані. Визначено оптимальні умови процесу екстрагування: концентрація водного розчину етилового спирту становить 60%, гідромодуль шрот: розчинник 1:90, тривалість екстракції - 30 хвилин. За отриманих умов масова частка хлорогенової кислоти складає 7,99 %. (Враховуючи, що масова частка хлорогенової кислоти у соняшниковому шроті за традиційних умов екстрагування - складає 6,80 %).Визначення оптимальних параметрів процесу екстрагування фенольних сполук дозволило істотно скоротити тривалість процесу підготовки проби, зменшити вартість екстрагента - етанольного розчину і збільшити вихід кінцевого продукту у порівнянні з відомим традиційним методом. In the article the useful properties of compounds - antioxidants in relation to fatty foods and the human body in general reviewed. It is noted that there are antioxidants by nature and the mechanisms of their action described. In addition, the choice of sunflower meal as a raw material for the production of antioxidants and the exact antioxidants contained in the meal are substantiated. These include polyphenolic compounds, and in particular chlorogenic acid, which amounts to 43-73% of all polyphenolic compounds isolated from sunflower kernels and 1-4% of sunflower meal. The methods of quantitative analysis of polyphenolic compounds - antioxidants are considered, and, taking into account the advantages and disadvantages, one of them was chosen for further research - the method of permanganate titration, which is based on oxidation of phenolic compounds with potassium permanganate with indigoquarmine as an indicator. The end of the reaction is determined by the disappearance of the green tint and the appearance of pure yellow color. The chosen method has been improved in order to eliminate the difficulties in determining the end of the reaction. To save time and amount of solvent, preparation of a sample of copper for the removal of polyphenolic compounds and, in particular, chlorogenic acid has also been improved with the help of central composite orthogonal planning of the second order, followed by mathematical modeling in the MathCad software package. Series of experiments on extraction of chlorogenic acid from sunflower oil was carried out in a single stage in a flask with a back fridge in a boiling water bath. The optimal conditions of the extraction process were determined: the concentration of the aqueous solution of ethyl alcohol is 60%, the hydrostructure of the meal: the solvent 1:90, the duration of extraction - 30 minutes. Under these conditions, the mass fraction of chlorogenic acid is 7.99%. (Considering that the mass fraction of chlorogenic acid in sunflower meal under traditional extraction conditions is 6.80 %.) Determination of optimal parameters of the extraction process of phenolic compounds allowed to significantly reduce the length of the preparation process, reduce the cost of extractant-ethanol solution and increase the yield of the final product in comparable to the known traditional method.
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- 2019
320. Scientific assistance to assess the detoxification process for dioxins and PCBs in sunflower cake by hexane extraction
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European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), Katleen Baert, Marco Binaglia, Matteo Lorenzo Innocenti, and Luisa Ramos Bordajandi
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food.ingredient ,040301 veterinary sciences ,Veterinary (miscellaneous) ,Scientific Report ,non‐dioxin‐like PCBs ,Plant Science ,TP1-1185 ,010501 environmental sciences ,01 natural sciences ,Microbiology ,detoxification process ,0403 veterinary science ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,food ,Hazardous waste ,sunflower meal ,dioxins ,PCDD/Fs ,TX341-641 ,Animal nutrition ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,dioxin‐like PCBs ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,Sunflower oil ,Chemical technology ,Extraction (chemistry) ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Contamination ,Pulp and paper industry ,Sunflower ,Hexane ,chemistry ,sunflower cake ,Environmental science ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Parasitology ,dioxin-like PCBs ,non-dioxin-like PCBs ,Polychlorinated dibenzofurans ,Food Science - Abstract
EFSA was requested to provide scientific assistance to the European Commission on a detoxification process for dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) from sunflower cake by hexane extraction in an emergency situation, as specified in Article 7 of Commission Regulation (EU) 2015/786. The process entails hexane extraction of sunflower oil from the cake to remove dioxins (polychlorinated dibenzo‐p‐dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs)) as well as dioxin‐like (DL‐) and non‐dioxin‐like (NDL‐) PCBs. The data provided by the applicant were assessed with respect to the efficacy of the process, absence of solvent residues and on information demonstrating that the process does not adversely affect the nature and characteristics of the product. According to data provided, the process was effective in producing a sunflower meal that contained concentrations of PCDD/Fs and DL‐PCBs, and NDL‐PCBs (6 indicator PCBs) about 90% lower than in the sunflower cake. The data showed that it is possible to meet the current EU maximum levels with respect to these contaminants using this process. It is unlikely that hazardous substances (i.e. hexane) remain in the final product. The extraction of the oil from the sunflower cake produces sunflower meal, which has a different nutrient content and nutritional value than the original sunflower cake, but is suitable to be used in animal nutrition with no specific legal limitations in the use or the inclusion levels in the diets. The applicant indicated that the crude oil, as well as the co‐products resulting of the processing of this oil, could only be used for technical purposes. No information was provided regarding the disposal or reuse of the hexane. EFSA concluded that the proposed detoxification process to remove PCDD/Fs and PCBs from sunflower cake by means of solvent extraction to produce sunflower meal, met the acceptability criteria provided in Commission Regulation (EU) 2015/786.
- Published
- 2018
321. Effects of Sunflower Meal Supplementation as a Complementary Protein Source in the Laying Hen’s Diet on Productive Performance, Egg Quality, and Nutrient Digestibility
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Mohammed H. Alzawqari, Khairy A. Amber, Mustafa Shukry, Mohamed Mohamed Soliman, Shaimaa Selim, Ahmed El-Awady, Ahmed A. Saleh, and Yahya Z. Eid
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food.ingredient ,040301 veterinary sciences ,Linolenic acid ,Linoleic acid ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Geography, Planning and Development ,yolk cholesterol ,egg quality ,TJ807-830 ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law ,Biology ,TD194-195 ,Feed conversion ratio ,Renewable energy sources ,0403 veterinary science ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Animal science ,food ,sunflower meal ,Yolk ,medicine ,GE1-350 ,Meal ,Environmental effects of industries and plants ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Vitamin E ,Sunflower oil ,laying hens ,0402 animal and dairy science ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,040201 dairy & animal science ,Sunflower ,Environmental sciences ,chemistry ,yolk fatty acids ,performance - Abstract
The practical usage of untraditional feedstuffs such as sunflower meal (SFM) in laying hens nutrition in developing countries has received considerable attention. SFM is a by-product of the sunflower oil industry and has been progressively added to bird’s diets. Sunflower meal (SFM) is gaining great interest as a feed ingredient due to its eminent crude protein content, low anti-nutritional compounds, and low price. The current experiment was aimed to assess the production efficiency, egg quality, yolk fatty acids composition, and nutrient digestibility of laying hens fed SFM. A total of 162 Bovans Brown laying hens aged 60 weeks old were randomly allocated using a completely randomized design into three experimental groups of nine replicates each (n = six/replicate) for eight weeks. The dietary treatments involved a control (basal diet) and two levels of SFM, 50 and 100 g/kg feed. The dietary treatments did not influence live weight gain, feed intake, and egg mass. On one hand, the laying rate was increased, on the other hand, the feed conversion ratio and broken eggs rate of laying hens were decreased (p <, 0.05) by the dietary inclusion of SFM. Dietary treatments had no effect on the egg’s quality characteristics except the yolk color and yolk height were larger (p = 0.01) for laying hens fed SFM compared with those fed the control. Dietary inclusion of SFM decreased (p <, 0.05) the content of cholesterol in the egg yolk. Still, it increased the yolk contents of vitamin E, calcium, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, and oleic acid (p <, 0.05). Furthermore, the dietary inclusion of SFM increased crude protein and calcium digestibility, but decreased the ether extract digestibility. In conclusion, our results suggested that the dietary inclusion of SFM, up to 100 g/kg at a late phase of laying, could improve the production performance, some of the egg quality traits, and nutrient digestibility while decreasing egg yolk cholesterol.
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- 2021
322. Features of the rheological properties of dough with sunflower and cedar flour
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V. A. Gaysina, L. A. Kozubaeva, and S. S. Kuzmina
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Farinograph ,Materials science ,farinograph ,fungi ,Geography, Planning and Development ,Mixing (process engineering) ,food and beverages ,biscuits ,the rheological characteristics of dough ,TP368-456 ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law ,Raw material ,Sunflower ,Food processing and manufacture ,Dilution ,cedar flour ,B vitamins ,Rheology ,sunflower meal ,Fiber ,Food science - Abstract
Promising directions of development of assortment of flour confectionery products are currently creating new combinations, more extraordinary and interesting, the reduction in calories, increase the nutritional value, development of formulations of functional products. As enriching additives in the manufacture of pastry products can be used flour sunflower flour and cedar. Sunflower meal – one of the possible sources of increase of food value. The only raw material component of this product are sunflower seeds that have passed the purification from impurities and shell of the particles, with the subsequent removal of oil from them and grinding. In this torment, to the maximum extent maintained all the valuable biological active substances and vitamins. Sunflower flour is a complex product: it is good recommendation system of proteins, fats, carbohydrates, including fiber, vitamins, phospholipids and mineral substances. Cedar flour is characterized by high protein content (up to 48 %) is well balanced in amino acids resultant composition contains b vitamins, food fibers, micro - and macroelements, necessary for life of the human body. Cedar flour has a good functional and technological properties In this paper we study the effect of cedar flour and sunflower meal on the rheological characteristics of dough. Effect of formulation components on the rheological properties of the test is evaluated in terms of water absorption of the flour, the duration of doughing, degree of its dilution and stability when mixing. It was found that the addition of 17% sunflower meal increases the viscosity of the dough and has a strengthening effect on the structure of the dough. Adding cedar flour in the amount of 20% caused the decrease in viscosity and getting more flexible dough.
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- 2016
323. Immunological Responses and the Antioxidant Status in African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) Following Replacement of Dietary Fish Meal with Plant Protein.
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Reda, Rasha M., Nasr, Mohammed A. F., Ismail, Tamer A., Moustafa, Amira, and Saitoh, Kenji
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CLARIAS gariepinus , *PLANT proteins , *OXIDANT status , *FISH meal , *LEUKOCYTE count , *ANIMAL feeds , *SUNFLOWER seeds - Abstract
Simple Summary: The price of feed ingredients is one of the most important and most costly constraints facing the aquaculture industry, and fishmeal is one of the most important and most expensive of these ingredients. As a result, recent research has focused on the use of alternative low-cost feed ingredients that are less reliant on fishmeal. Therefore, there has been considerable interest in the use of various types of plant protein (PP) meals in aquafeeds (soybean and sunflower meal). This study reveals that soybean and sunflower meal with methionine and lysine supplementation can be used on a larger scale in the aquafeed industry as substitutes of up to 50% of fishmeal. African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) were subjected to a 30-day feeding trial to determine the appropriateness of using plant protein (PP) (soybean and sunflower meal) as a fishmeal (FM) replacement in the diet and its effects on immune status, antioxidant activity, pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) gene expression, and disease resistance. A total of 150 C. gariepinus (51.01 ± 0.34 g) were randomly distributed among five groups in triplicate. Five experimental diets were formulated to replace 0 (control), 33.5, 50, 66.5, and 100% FM with soybean and sunflower meal to form the experimental diets (R0, R33.5, R50, R66.5, and R100, respectively). After 30 days, the diet containing PP for FM had no significant impact on total, and differential leukocyte counts determined at the end of the feeding period. The total globulin concentration showed significantly greater differences in the following order R0 > R33.5 > R50 > R66.5 > R100. The R0 group had the highest concentration of serum γ-globulin, while R100 had the lowest concentration. The antioxidant status complements 3 (C3), lysozyme activity (LYZ), and antiprotease activity were not significantly different between R0, R33.5, and R50 groups, while they were significantly lower in R100. The serum nitric oxide activity (NO) exhibited significantly greater differences in the following order R0 > R33.5 > R50 > R66.5 > R100. PACAP was significantly higher in the R33.5 group. The highest cumulative mortality caused by Aeromonas sobria was recorded in the R100 group (60%) and the lowest in the R0 group (30%). In conclusion, the results indicate that the immunological responses and antioxidant status of C. gariepinus were not affected when they consumed a diet with FM replaced by up to 50% with PP (SBM and SFM) with methionine and lysine supplementation, but total globulin, NO, and cumulative mortality were impaired with a diet containing a 100% FM replacement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
324. Mogućnost primene visokoproteinskih frakcija suncokretove sačme dobijenih postupkom usitnjavanja i vazdušne klasifikacije u proizvodnji ekstrudirane hrane za ribe
- Author
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Fišteš, Aleksandar, Čolović, Radmilo, Pajin, Biljana, Džinić, Natalija, Marković, Zoran, Banjac, Vojislav, Fišteš, Aleksandar, Čolović, Radmilo, Pajin, Biljana, Džinić, Natalija, Marković, Zoran, and Banjac, Vojislav
- Abstract
Aktuelni problem industrije proizvodnje hrane za ribe jeste smanjena dostupnost i visoka cena ribljeg brašna, tradicionalnog izvora proteina u hrani za ribe, koja je direktna posledica rasta sektora akvakulture i visoke potražnje za ovim kvalitetnim proteinskim hranivom. Delimična ili potpuna zamena ribljeg brašna visokoproteinskim sirovinama biljnog porekla u recepturama za ishranu riba, uz iznalaženje novih alternativnih visokoproteinskih sirovina pristup je kojim se prevazilazi ovaj problem i koji ima potencijal da obezbedi održivost celokupne industrije hrane za ribe u budućnosti. U okviru ove disertacije predloženo je novo, relativno jednostavno i jeftino tehnološko rešenje za suvo frakcionisanje suncokretove sačme, čijom bi se primenom dobile njene visokoproteinske frakcije kao potencijalne proteinske sirovine biljnog porekla za zamenu ribljeg brašna u hrani za ribe. Shodno tome, istraživanja ove disertacije urađena su u dve odvojene faze, gde je prva, faza vazdušne klasifikacije, imala za cilj ispitivanje mogućnosti primene kombinacije postupaka usitnjavanja suncokretove sačme mlinom čekidarom i vazdušne klasifikacije ovako usitnjene sačme primenom vazdušnog gravitacionog kaskadnog, cik-cak, klasifikatora u cilju dobijanja frakcija povedanog sadržaj proteina u odnosu na polaznu sačmu. Nezavisni parametri usitnjavanja i klasifikacije bili su prečnik otvora sita (POS) čekidara (3, 2 i 1 mm), protok klasifikacionog vazduha (5, 8,7 i 12,5 m3/h) i jačina oscilacije vibro dozatora (JOVD) klasifikatora (30, 60 i 90% maksimuma). Zavisne promenljive bile su sadržaj proteina u dobijenim frakcijama i njihov prinos. Primenjen je 3x3x3 potpuni faktorijalni eksperimentalni dizajn prema metodi odzivne površine. U cilju dobijanja frakcije sa što većim sadržajem proteina, u što većem prinosu, kombinacija postupaka usitnjavanja i vazdušne klasifikacije je optimizovana primenom regresione analize, analize glavnih komponenata (PCA analiza), analize varijanse, kao i računske dina, High price and finite availability of fish meal (FM), due to high expansion of aquaculture sector in recent decades, are main concerns for modern day aquafeed industry. Partially or completely substation of fish meal in fish feed with protein sources of plant origin, together with finding novel alternative protein sources, is commonly used approach that enables sustainability of aquafeed industry in decades to come. New, relatively simple and low-cost procedure for dry fractionation of sunflower meal (SFM) was proposed within this thesis, with aim for producing high protein SFM fractions as a potential plant source alternative for FM in fish feed. Thus, thesis’s researches were done in two phases, where the aim of the first phase, air classification phase, was to investigate the possibility of applying combination of grinding by hammer mill and air classification of ground SFM using gravitational, cascade air classifier (zigzag), in order to obtain protein enriched fractions. Independent variables of grinding and air classification were sieve openings diameter (SOD) of hammer mill (3, 2 and 1 mm), air flow (5, 8.7 and 12.5 m3/h) and bowl feeder oscillation rate (BFOR) of air classifier (30, 60 and 90% of the maximum). Depended responses were protein content and yield of obtained fractions. The experimental data were obtained using 3 x 3 x 3 full factorial experimental design according to response surface methodology (RSM). For the optimization of grinding and air classification, in order to obtain fraction with highest possible protein content and in high yield, regression analysis, principal component analysis (PCA), analysis of variance (ANOVA) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach were employed. Zigzag air classifier was successfully used for fractionation of ground SFM into coarse and fine fraction. Yield of coarse fractions was decreasing, while fine fractions yield was increasing with the increase of the air flow. Coarse fractions of SFM obtained at
- Published
- 2018
325. Scientific assistance to assess the detoxification process for dioxins and PCBs in sunflower cake by hexane extraction
- Abstract
EFSA was requested to provide scientific assistance to the European Commission on a detoxification process for dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) from sunflower cake by hexane extraction in an emergency situation, as specified in Article 7 of Commission Regulation (EU) 2015/786. The process entails hexane extraction of sunflower oil from the cake to remove dioxins (polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs)) as well as dioxin-like (DL-) and non-dioxin-like (NDL-) PCBs. The data provided by the applicant were assessed with respect to the efficacy of the process, absence of solvent residues and on information demonstrating that the process does not adversely affect the nature and characteristics of the product. According to data provided, the process was effective in producing a sunflower meal that contained concentrations of PCDD/Fs and DL-PCBs, and NDL-PCBs (6 indicator PCBs) about 90% lower than in the sunflower cake. The data showed that it is possible to meet the current EU maximum levels with respect to these contaminants using this process. It is unlikely that hazardous substances (i.e. hexane) remain in the final product. The extraction of the oil from the sunflower cake produces sunflower meal, which has a different nutrient content and nutritional value than the original sunflower cake, but is suitable to be used in animal nutrition with no specific legal limitations in the use or the inclusion levels in the diets. The applicant indicated that the crude oil, as well as the co-products resulting of the processing of this oil, could only be used for technical purposes. No information was provided regarding the disposal or reuse of the hexane. EFSA concluded that the proposed detoxification process to remove PCDD/Fs and PCBs from sunflower cake by means of solvent extraction to produce sunflower meal, met the acceptability criteria provided in Commission Regulation (EU) 2015/786.
- Published
- 2018
326. Effect of heat treatments on stability of altemariol, alternariol monomethyl ether and tenuazonic acid in sunflower flour.
- Author
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Combina, M, Dalcero, A, Varsavsky, E, Torres, A, Etcheverry, M, Rodriguez, M, and Gonzalez, Quintana
- Abstract
A study was carried out to evaluate the effect of heat treatment on the stability of alternariol (AOH), alternariol monomethyl ether (AME) and tenuazonic acid (TeA) in sunflower flour and the effectiveness of this treatment by a biological assay in rats. The concentrations of AOH and AME remained constant during heating at 100°C for up to 90 minutes while TeA concentration decreased with time to 50% after 90 minutes. The most effective treatment in reducing AOH and AME levels was heating at 121°C for 60 minutes. Histopathological evaluation in the biological assay in rats fed with Alternaria toxins showed marked atrophy and fusion of villi in the intestines and liver cell damage; these lesions were less severe in rats fed heat-treated sunflower flour in line with the reduced toxin content. However, a lower weight gain and a noticeable renal damage in rats were produced when they fed decontaminated flour. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1999
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
327. Sunflower meal in poultry diets: a review.
- Author
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Senkoylu, Nizamettin and Dale, Nick
- Abstract
Sunflower meal (SFM) has the potential to be a major feed ingredient for poultry in many countries not suitable for extensive soyabean cultivation. SFM is a good source of protein with amino acid availabilities similar to those of soyabean meal (SBM), and much higher than those in cottonseed or rapeseed meals. Its lysine content is relatively low but this can be resolved with supplemental lysine. Fibre content should be decreased to a minimum by dehulling during processing of the sunflower seed for oil extraction. Fibre < 12%) can still cause bulky feed at higher inclusion rates (< 30%), and as a result dietary nutrient dilution (particularly in broiler diets) may occur. Nevertheless, pelleting the diet can help overcome the bulkiness and thereby lead to improved growth and feed efficiency. Another characteristic of SFM is that it does not have anti-nutritional factors such as those found in soyabean, cottonseed and rapeseed meals. Enzyme supplementation to SFM-based diets in different types of poultry species need further study. The ingredient can successfully be included in layer, broiler and waterfowl diets to replace 50–100% of soyabean meal, depending on the type of diet and the nature of the other ingredients. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 1999
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
328. Potential of a Sunflower Seed By-Product as Animal Fat Replacer in Healthier Frankfurters
- Author
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T. Pintado, Simona Grasso, Ana M. Herrero, Jara Pérez-Jiménez, Claudia Ruiz-Capillas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), Programa Iberoamericano de Ciencia y Tecnología para el Desarrollo, European Institute of Innovation and Technology, and University of Reading
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Health (social science) ,Lipid disorder ,food.ingredient ,Fat content ,Nutritional composition ,Plant Science ,lcsh:Chemical technology ,Health Professions (miscellaneous) ,Microbiology ,Sensory analysis ,Article ,food ,By-products valorisation ,By-product ,lcsh:TP1-1185 ,Food science ,skin and connective tissue diseases ,Animal fat ,integumentary system ,Chemistry ,Healthier meat product ,Sunflower oil ,Spectroscopy analysis ,Sunflower seed ,Polyphenol profile ,by-product valorisation ,Sunflower meal ,Food Science - Abstract
This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Strategies for the Development of Healthier Meat and Meat Products and Determination of Their Quality Characteristics., Upcycled defatted sunflower seed flour (SUN), a by-product obtained from sunflower oil extraction, was used as an animal fat replacer to develop healthier frankfurters. For that end, animal fat was replaced (~50%) with water and 2% or 4% of SUN. Nutritional composition, technological, structural and sensorial properties were evaluated. SUN incorporation led to a significant increase in protein, minerals (magnesium, potassium, copper and manganese) and a decrease in fat content (~37% less than control with all animal fat). The incorporation of SUN in frankfurters promoted the presence of phenolic compounds. Increasing SUN addition lead to an increasingly (p < 0.05) darker frankfurter colour. Samples with SUN at 4% were firmer than the control according to TPA and sensory analysis results and showed the highest lipid disorder attributed to more lipid interactions in the meat matrix. SUN addition as an animal fat replacer in frankfurters is a feasible strategy to valorise sunflower oil by-products and obtain healthier frankfurters, This research was funded by the CSIC Intramural project (grant number 201470E073) and CYTED (grant number reference 119RT0568; HealthyMeat network). Anastasia Palatzidi was the recipient of an Erasmus+ fellowship and of an EIT Food RIS Fellowship 2019—funded by the European Institute of Innovation and Technology, a body of the European Union. Simona Grasso was a recipient of a travel bursary from the Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health at the University of Reading
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- 2020
329. The PHENOLEO project or how to separate and add-value to phenolic compounds present in rapeseed and sunflower meals
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Morgane Citeau, Sylvain Guyot, Erwann Durand, Patrick Chapoutot, Xiaoxi Yu, Oscar Laguna, Sylvie Dauguet, Jérôme Lecomte, Véronique Solé-Jamault, Laurent-Philippe Broudiscou, Anne-Gaëlle Sicaire, Pierre Villeneuve, Marc Anton, Alain Quinsac, Abdellatif Barakat, Frédéric Fine, Ingénierie des Agro-polymères et Technologies Émergentes (UMR IATE), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Unité de recherche sur les Biopolymères, Interactions Assemblages (BIA), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Modélisation Systémique Appliquée aux Ruminants (MoSAR), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Terres Inovia, Oléad, Département Performances des systèmes de production et de transformation tropicaux (Cirad-PERSYST), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), ANR-001-01, and French Institute for the Energy Transition (Institut pour la Transition Energétique (ITE) P.I.V.E.R.T. (https://sas-pivert.com/)
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Rapeseed ,030309 nutrition & dietetics ,Animal feed ,Composition des aliments ,lcsh:TP670-699 ,Fraction (chemistry) ,phenolic compounds ,Biochemistry ,composés phénoliques ,03 medical and health sciences ,Tourteau de tournesol ,sunflower meal ,[SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering ,Biochemical composition ,Séparation ,Potential source ,Food science ,biorefinery ,composé biochimique ,2. Zero hunger ,0303 health sciences ,Chemistry ,bioraffinage ,030503 health policy & services ,digestive, oral, and skin physiology ,Q70 - Traitement des déchets agricoles ,Q54 - Composition des aliments pour animaux ,Biorefinery ,Sunflower ,Separation process ,Composé phénolique ,rapeseed meal ,lcsh:Oils, fats, and waxes ,Élimination des solvants ,0305 other medical science ,[SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition ,Tourteau de colza ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Food Science - Abstract
International audience; Rapeseed and sunflower meal are mainly used as animal feed but they can also be considered as a potential source of bioactive phenolic compounds. However, the desolventization/toasting processes that are needed to produce these meals might influence concentration and chemical structure of phenolic compounds, and change their bioactive properties. Moreover, the recovery processes of these molecules from meals are based on the use of solvent that generates effluents and might affect the integrity of the other constituents of the meals. Knowing this, the PHENOLEO project, funded by the SAS PIVERT, was a research program based on the biorefinery of rapeseed and sunflower meals that aimed to develop new routes of valorization of these materials mostly by the separation and valorization of their simple phenolic compounds. Thus, we decided to focus this study on the impact of the desolventization process on the biochemical composition of meals, the separation process of their simple phenolic compounds, the production of phenolic acids from meals and the potential valorization routes of the phenolic fraction.; Les tourteaux de colza et de tournesol sont principalement utilisés pour l’alimentation animale, mais ils peuvent également être considérés comme une source potentielle de composés phénoliques aux propriétés bioactives. Cependant, les procédés de désolvantation / toastage qui sont nécessaires pour produire ces tourteaux pourraient influencer la concentration et la structure chimique des composés phénoliques induisant une possible modification de leurs propriétés bioactives. De plus, les procédés de récupération de ces molécules à partir de ces tourteaux reposent sur l’utilisation de solvants qui génèrent des effluents et pourraient affecter l’intégrité des autres constituants contenus dans ces matières premières. Dans ce contexte, le projet PHENOLEO, financé par la SAS PIVERT, était un programme de recherche basé sur la bioraffinerie des tourteaux de colza et tournesol visant à développer de nouvelles voies de valorisation de ces matières premières en réalisant la séparation et la valorisation de leurs composés phénoliques simples. Ainsi, cette étude a focalisé sur l’impact des procédés de désolvantation sur la composition biochimique des tourteaux, les procédés de séparation des composés phénoliques simples présents dans les tourteaux, la production d’acides phénoliques par voie enzymatique et leurs valorisations potentielles
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- 2020
330. Évaluation de deux méthodes d’auto-tannage de fractions de tourteaux de tournesol et de colza enrichies en protéines et composés phénoliques par mesure de la dégradabilité ruminale des protéines in vitro
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Jérôme Lecomte, Oscar Laguna, Sylvie Dauguet, Laurent-Philippe Broudiscou, Véronique Solé-Jamault, Modélisation Systémique Appliquée aux Ruminants (MoSAR), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Ingénierie des Agro-polymères et Technologies Émergentes (UMR IATE), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Unité de recherche sur les Biopolymères, Interactions Assemblages (BIA), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Terres Innovia, and SAS PIVERT, French Institute for the Energy Transition (Institut pour la transition énergétique [ITE] P.I.V.E.R.T. [www.institut-pivert.com] selected as an Investment for the Future ['Investissements d’Avenir'] ANR-001-01
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Rapeseed ,Starch ,Ingénierie des aliments ,alimentation des ruminants ,7. Clean energy ,Biochemistry ,0403 veterinary science ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,[SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering ,Tannin ,microorganisme du rumen ,Food science ,Rapeseed meal ,Sunflower meal ,Self-tanning ,Ruminant ,Auto-tannage ,Tannage des protéines ,2. Zero hunger ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Meal ,Chemistry ,digestive, oral, and skin physiology ,Protéine ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Q54 - Composition des aliments pour animaux ,Sunflower ,6. Clean water ,lcsh:Oils, fats, and waxes ,Energy source ,Tourteau de colza ,Traitement aux alcalis ,040301 veterinary sciences ,lcsh:TP670-699 ,proteolyse ,Rumen ,Tourteau de tournesol ,Food engineering ,L02 - Alimentation animale ,dégradabilité ruminale ,0402 animal and dairy science ,040201 dairy & animal science ,Composé phénolique ,Fermentation ,Digestion du rumen ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Food Science - Abstract
Two protein tanning methods were evaluated to contribute to the withdrawal of formaldehyde as a tanning agent of meals for feeding ruminants. The experimental materials were two fractions of rapeseed and sunflower meals collected at the positive electrode of an electrostatic separator, presenting high contents in proteins and phenolic compounds. The objective was to make phenolics and proteins interact without addition of exogenous tannins. Treatment CH incubated a meal fraction:water mixture (1:2, w:w) for 48 h at 50 degrees C. Treatment FR incubated a meal fraction:water mixture (1:10, w:w) at pH 9.0 for 48 h at 4 degrees C. Microbial proteolysis on meal fractions were quantified during 24 h rumen batch fermentations with cellulose and starch as nitrogen-free energy sources. The net production of ammonia tended to be reduced by treatment FR mostly on rapeseed, corresponding to an 8% saving of rapeseed meal proteins degradable in the rumen. When untreated, the sunflower fraction decreased methane production by 50%, while treatments restored the fermentation pattern. Cold alkaline treatment could be considered to protect meal proteins from degradation by rumen micro-organisms., Deux méthodes de tannage des protéines ont été évaluées pour contribuer au remplacement du formaldéhyde comme agent tannant des tourteaux destinés à l’alimentation des ruminants. Les matériaux expérimentaux étaient deux fractions de tourteaux de colza et tournesol collectées à l’électrode positive d’un séparateur électrostatique, présentant des teneurs élevées en protéines et en composés phénoliques. Le but était de faire interagir les composés phénoliques et les protéines sans addition de tanins exogènes. Le traitement CH a consisté à incuber un mélange tourteau/eau (1/2, poids/poids) pendant 48 h à 50 °C. Le traitement FR a consisté à incuber un mélange tourteau/eau (1/10, poids/poids) à pH 9,0 pendant 48 h à 4 °C. La protéolyse des fractions de tourteau par les microbes du rumen a été quantifiée lors de fermentations in vitro de 24 h avec de la cellulose et de l’amidon comme sources d’énergie sans azote. Le traitement FR a eu tendance à réduire la production nette d’ammoniac, principalement avec le colza, équivalant à la protection de 8 % des protéines de tourteau de colza dégradables dans le rumen. La fraction de tournesol non traitée a diminué la production de méthane de 50 %, cependant les traitements ont restauré le profil fermentaire. Le traitement alcalin à froid pourrait être envisagé afin de protéger les protéines du tourteau de la dégradation par les micro-organismes du rumen
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- 2020
331. Removal of cellulose from sunflower meal by fractionation.
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Lević, Jovanka, Delić, I., Ivić, Mellta, Rac, M., and Stefanović, Sofija
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The dependence of sunflower meal fractionation on the following factors was investigated: quality of original meals, 37.5%, 40.0% and 42.5% crude protein; screen hole size, 1.5 mm, 2.0 mm, 2.5 mm and 3.0 mm; and single-phase and two-phase fractionation. The following conclusions were drawn. The increased protein levels in original meals (from 37.5% to 42.5% crude protein) had considerably greater effects on the quality than on the yield of the protein fractions. Increased screen hole size (from 1.5 mm to 2.5 mm) increased the yield of the protein fractions by 16.4-22.3%, but reduced the protein level in these fractions by 2.3-2.8%. Two-phase fractionation of the original meals with 40.0% and 42.5% crude protein increased the protein yield in the resulting protein fractions by 15.5-22.8%. The most efficient fractionation procedures rendered high yields of attractive protein fractions that contained 44.0-47.5% crude protein. The protein fractions were analyzed for physico-functional constants and amino acid composition. The most efficient and applicable fractionation procedures, those that may be successfully used in oil refineries, were selected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 1992
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332. The role of fungal polysaccharidases in the hydrolysis of cell wall materials from sunflower and palm-kernel meals.
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Düsterhöft, E., Bonte, A., Venekamp, J., and Voragen, A.
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Main fractions from multi-component polysaccharidase preparations (Driselase, Gamanase and an experimental preparation of fungal origin), previously used for the enzymic treatment of cell wall materials from sunflower and palm-kernel meals, were sub-fractionated by different chromatographic techniques to evaluate the contribution of each of their constituent activities in cell wall degradation. Based on activity measurements, 5- to 10-fold purification was achieved for the major enzymes but residual side-activities were still detectable in most sub-fractions. Solubilization of non-starch polysaccharides from the cell wall materials by the resulting pectolytic, xylanolytic, cellulolytic and mannanolytic sub-fractions and by highly purified glucanases, arabinanases and xylanases was, when acting individually, very low (1% to 5%). With few exceptions, the solubilizing effect of the main fractions could only be slightly enhanced by supplementation with pectolytic, cellulolytic or mannanolytic sub-fractions or by highly purified enzymes. The extent of solubilization remained mostly lower than the sum of both individually obtained values. In the degradation of palm-kernel cell wall material, however, synergistic action of mannanases and glucanases was observed. The hydrolysis of pectic compounds in sunflower cell wall material was most effective when polygalacturonases, arabinanases and rhamnogalacturonan-degrading activities were applied together. The resistance of 4- O-methyl-glucuronoxylan, the major hemicellulosic polymer in the cell wall material from sunflower meal, to enzymic hydrolysis was not only caused by its location in the cell wall or interlinkage to other polymers but also by its primary structure. Neither purified endo-xylanase nor the crude parent preparation were able to achieve complete hydrolysis of this polysaccharide after extraction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 1993
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333. Fatty acid composition in muscles from lambs fed diets containing agroindustrial co-products
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Rodrigo Soares Junqueira, Ivon Pinheiro Lôbo, Thon Jovita Farias, Cristiane Leal dos Santos, Leandro Pereira Lima, Marcus Andrade Wanderley Junior, Andrezza Miguel da Silva, and Jeferson Ladeia dos Santos
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0301 basic medicine ,Meal ,castor cake ,0402 animal and dairy science ,cholesterol ,food and beverages ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Nutritional quality ,Biology ,040201 dairy & animal science ,Sunflower ,Cottonseed ,03 medical and health sciences ,cottonseed ,030104 developmental biology ,Animal science ,sunflower meal ,Animal Science and Zoology ,lcsh:Animal culture ,Fatty acid composition ,Longissimus dorsi ,lcsh:SF1-1100 - Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of supplementing diet of lambs with agroindustrial co-products on the nutritional quality of meat fat and study the variation of fat quality parameters based on the type of muscle. Twenty lambs were distributed into four experimental groups and fed a control diet or diets containing cottonseed, sunflower meal, and castor cake. After 106 experimental days, the animals were slaughtered. Samples of Biceps femoris, Longissimus dorsi, Semimembranosus, and Triceps brachii muscles were taken for fatty acid and cholesterol analyses. Castor cake and sunflower meal diets produced meats with lower levels of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) compared with the control diet. Castor cake diet contributed to tissue reduction of n-3 PUFA. Lower conjugated linoleic acid concentration and polyunsaturated:saturated fatty acid (P:S) ratio and higher saturated fatty acids content and Thrombogenicity Index were observed in Longissimus dorsi meat. Of the co-products studied, although castor cake diet reduced cholesterol levels in Biceps femoris muscle, sunflower meal was identified as the preferred choice for lamb feeding, since it reduced n-6 PUFA without, however, decreasing n-3 PUFA. Longissimus dorsi meat had the lowest fat quality indexes. The more oxidative muscles, such as Biceps femoris, tend to generate meats with higher cholesterol concentrations.
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- 2018
334. The effect of apple cider vinegar and mushroom stalk supplementation on laying hens
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Vecihi Aksakal, Bahri Bayram, Ayhan Zulkadir, Sevim Beyza Öztürk Sarikaya, Hilal Urusan, Musa Karaalp, and Bayburt University
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food intake ,antioxidant activity ,hen ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,calcium phosphate dibasic ,energy metabolism ,Eggshell ,limestone ,vinegar ,Mushroom ,egg shell ,virus diseases ,lipid peroxidation ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,protein content ,Malondialdehyde ,fluid intake ,040401 food science ,unclassified drug ,Stalk ,diet supplementation ,egg laying ,food.ingredient ,animal experiment ,Biology ,Feed conversion ratio ,Article ,Mushroom stalk ,cider ,body weight ,0404 agricultural biotechnology ,food ,Animal science ,sunflower meal ,Yolk ,mushroom ,controlled study ,soybean ,Laying hen ,nutritional value ,nonhuman ,General Veterinary ,0402 animal and dairy science ,egg production ,apple cider vinegar ,040201 dairy & animal science ,Apple cider vinegar ,chemistry ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Agaricus bisporus - Abstract
The aim of this trial was to study the effects of consuming water with apple cider vinegar (ACV) and feed including mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) stalk (MS) on performance and certain egg characteristics. The hens were separated into four treatment groups (with 4 replicates and 6 hens per replicate). The experimental groups were control (not consumed ACV and MS), ACV (3 ml/l drinking water), MS (20 g/kg feed) and ACV+MS (combination). At the end of the experiment, among the performance criteria tested, body weight, feed intake, egg production and weight of eggs, and feed efficiency were not affected by the treatments (P>0.05). Treatments had no effect on physical external and internal egg characteristics. The amount of yolk malondialdehyde of the ACV and MS groups was lower than the control group (P
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- 2018
335. Production of proteins and phenolic compounds enriched fractions from rapeseed and sunflower meals by dry fractionation processes
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Hadil Alhamada, Bruno Baréa, Jérôme Lecomte, Frédéric Fine, Abdellatif Barakat, Morgane Citeau, Erwann Durand, Oscar Laguna, Sylvie Dauguet, Pierre Villeneuve, Ingénierie des Agro-polymères et Technologies Émergentes (UMR IATE), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Terres Inovia, Oléad, French Institute for the Energy Transition (Institut pour la Transition Energétique (ITE) P.I.V.E.R.T. (www.institut-pivert.com) selected as an Investment for the Future ('Investissements d’Avenir') ANR-001-01 ., Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
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0301 basic medicine ,Rapeseed ,Animal feed ,composé phénolique ,fractionnement ,Fractionation ,Raw material ,03 medical and health sciences ,tourteau de tournesol ,0404 agricultural biotechnology ,sunflower meal ,[SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering ,écoprocédé ,tourteau de colza ,fractionation ,Food science ,valorisation des sous produits ,Q04 - Composition des produits alimentaires ,phenolic compound ,2. Zero hunger ,030109 nutrition & dietetics ,Chemistry ,Proteins ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Q01 - Sciences et technologies alimentaires - Considérations générales ,040401 food science ,Sunflower ,Phenolic compounds ,protéine ,Yield (chemistry) ,rapeseed meal ,Particle-size distribution ,Huile végétale ,Dry fractionation processes ,Value added ,protein ,Agronomy and Crop Science - Abstract
Rapeseed (RSM) and sunflower (SFM) meals are highly abundant and protein-rich by-products from the oilseed industry. Besides their basic use as animal feed, they are seen nowadays as interesting raw materials for the production of high value added products such as protein isolates, peptides, emulsifiers and biomaterials. In other respects, they contain significant amounts of phenolic compounds exhibiting antioxidant or antimicrobial properties but widely untapped so far. Therefore, any process allowing the single-step separation of both the protein and phenolic parts of meals would be beneficial to the whole oilseed sector. To achieve this double objective this study attempted to separate the RSM and the SFM into their major constituents by using dry fractionation technologies. In a first step, ultrafine milling was applied to the meals. As a function of raw material type, the grid size turned out to be decisive on the particle size distribution and its modality. Then two separation technologies based either on particle charge (electrostatic sorting – ES) or density (turbo-separation – TS) were applied to the previously obtained fractions. Regardless the separation technique, the best results were obtained from fractions of an average particle diameter by mass (D50) of 23.7 ± 1.0 μm and 105.5 ± 8.3 μm, for RSM and SFM respectively. Electrostatic sorting allowed increasing simultaneously the protein and phenolic contents by 50–55% and 80–100% for RSM and SFM respectively, while a lower increase was observed for turbo-separation (23–29% and 58–64% for RSM and SFM respectively). Finally, depending on the process and meal types, the overall recovery yield of the most enriched fractions was in the range of 30–40%.
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- 2018
336. In vivo digestibility of cereal-based diets supplemented with sunflower vs. rapeseed meal.
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Yossifov, M. and Kozelov, L.
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- *
RAPESEED , *DIET , *DIETARY supplements , *SUNFLOWERS , *RUMINANTS , *PLANT proteins - Abstract
Two experiments were conducted to investigate effects of rapeseed meal (RSM) vs. sunflower meal (SFM) as a protein source at cereal-based iso- nitrigenous (at 16 % CP), iso-caloric at gross energy 18 kcal/kg and net (FUG=1) energy diets for fattening lambs. Four wethers (Gygay breed) were used to evaluate the diets' apparent total tract digestibility (dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), crude fibres (CF), nitrogen free extractives (NFE) and ash) and coefficients (Cd) were used to calculate the diets' feeding value. Two diets were used: conrol diet (CD) with SFM and experimental diet (ED) with RSM. The results indicated that feeding RSM tended to increase Cd OM (p=0.1), Cd CP (p=0.4), Cd EE (p=0.5) and Cd NFE (p=0.1). The differences were significant at Cd DM (p<0.05), Cd CF (p<0.05) and Cd ash (p<0.001). According to the calculation analysis, diet supplementation with RSM benefits total digestible nutrients (TDN), raised energy values (gross energy, digestible energy and net energy) and improved protein feeding values (protein trully digestible in small intestines (PDI) and balance of protein in rumen (BPR)). Therefore, it's concluded that, substitution of SFM with RSM in cereal- based ruminant diets significantly (p<0.05) increased in vivo diet digestibility, raised (11 %) TDN and improved its energy and protein feeding value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
337. ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ СОДЕРЖАНИЯ НЕЙТРАЛЬНО-ДЕТЕРГЕНТНОЙ И КИСЛОТНО-ДЕТЕРГЕНТНОЙ КЛЕТЧАТКИ В ПРОДУКТАХ ФРАКЦИОНИРОВАНИЯ ПОДСОЛНЕЧНОГО ШРОТА
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подсолнечный шрот ,комбикорма ,кислотно-детергентная клетчатка ,sunflower meal ,neutral-detergent fiber ,нейтрально-детергеитная клетчатка ,кормовая ценность ,acid-detergent fiber ,feeding value ,combined feed - Abstract
В статье описана новая система оценки комбикормов по клетчатке. Главное внимание уделено методам определения кислотно-детергентной и нейтрально-детергентиой клетчатки. Приведены сведения о влиянии фракционного состава клетчатки на кормовые характеристики подсолнечного шрота., The article describes new system of combined feed fiber evaluation. Main attention is drawn to methods of determination of acid-detergent fiber and neutral-detergent fiber. Information is given concerning the effect of fiber composition on feeding characteristics of sunflower meal., №1-2(2017) (2018)
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- 2017
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338. The sunflower oil and the sunflower meal in animal nutrition
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BONOS (Ε. ΜΠΟΝΟΣ), E., CHRISTAKI (Ε. ΧΡΗΣΤΑΚΗ), E., and FLOROU-PANERI (Π. ΦΛΩΡΟΥ-ΠΑΝΕΡΗ), P.
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διατροφή ,sunflower ,poultry ,ηλιέλαιο ,pigs ,μηρυκαστικά ,ηλιάλευρο ,nutrition ,ηλίανθος ,πτηνά ,sunflower meal ,ruminants ,χοίροι ,sunflower oil - Abstract
To φυτό Ηλίανθος ο ετήσιος {Helianthus annuus) ή αλλιώς ηλιοτρόπιο ή ηλιοστρόφι ή ήλιος, είναι ένα ποώδες μονοετές φυτό της οικογένειας Asteraceae. Καλλιεργείται κυρίως για τα σπέρματα του και τα εξ αυτών παραγόμενα προϊόντα (ηλιέλαιο και ηλιάλευρο), αλλά και ως καλλωπιστικό φυτό. Τα προϊόντα του χρησιμοποιούνται στη διατροφή του ανθρώπου, ως ζωοτροφή και ως καύσιμη ύλη. Ανάλογα με την περιεκτικότητα των σπερμάτων σε έλαιο διακρίνονται δύο ποικιλίες, μία με χαμηλή περιεκτικότητα (κ.μ.ό. 25%) και μία άλλη με υψηλή περιεκτικότητα (40% - 51%). Το κύριο προϊόν της κατεργασίας των σπερμάτων είναι το ηλιέλαιο, το οποίο έχει υψηλή περιεκτικότητα σε ακόρεστα λιπαρά οξέα, βιταμίνη Ε και φυτικές στερόλες και χαμηλή περιεκτικότητα σε κορεσμένα λιπαρά οξέα. Η σύσταση του ηλιελαίου σε λιπαρά οξέα εξαρτάται κυρίως από την ποικιλία του ηλιόσπορου και διακρίνεται σε ηλιέλαιο με υψηλή περιεκτικότητα σε πολυακόρεστα λιπαρά οξέα (ηλιέλαιο λινολεϊκό ή κλασικό), με υψηλή περιεκτικότητα σε μονοακόρεστα λιπαρά οξέα (ηλιέλαιο ελαϊκό ή High-oleic) και με ενδιάμεση περιεκτικότητα σε ελαϊκό οξύ, (ηλιέλαιο μέσο ελαϊκό ή NuSun). Κυκλοφορεί στην αγορά ως ακατέργαστο ή «μπρούτο» και ως εξευγενισμένο ή «ραφιναρισμένο». Το ηλιέλαιο προστίθεται στα σιτηρέσια των παραγωγικών ζώων με σκοπό την αύξηση του ενεργειακού περιεχομένου τους, καθώς και την κάλυψη των αναγκών τους σε απαραίτητα λιπαρά οξέα. Ακόμα, τα τελευταία χρόνια πολλοί ερευνητές μελετούν την επίδραση του ηλιελαίου στη μεταβολή της σύστασης του γάλατος, του κρέατος και των αυγών των παραγωγικών ζώων, ώστε να αποκτήσουν χαρακτηριστικά περισσότερο επιθυμητά για τον άνθρωπο καταναλωτή, όπως για παράδειγμα αυξημένη περιεκτικότητα σε ακόρεστα ω-3 και ω-6 λιπαρά οξέα και συζευγμένο λινολεϊκό οξύ (CLA). Μπορεί να χρησιμοποιηθεί για τη σύνθεση σιτηρεσίων για κάθε είδος παραγωγικού ζώου, ενώ η τιμή του στην ελληνική αγορά είναι κατά κανόνα χαμηλότερη αυτής του σογιέλαιου. Τα υποπροϊόντα κατεργασίας του ηλιόσπορου, για την παραλαβή του ελαίου, είναι το ηλιάλευρο και η ηλιόπιτα ή ηλιανθόπιτα ή πλακούντας σπερμάτων ηλίανθου, ενώ κυκλοφορούν στην αγορά και σε μορφή συμπήκτων (pellets). Τα παραγόμενα υποπροϊόντα (ηλιάλευρο και ηλιόπιτα) μπορεί να διαφέρουν τόσο στο χρωματισμό και την υφή τους όσο και στη χημική τους σύσταση ανάλογα με την ποικιλία του ηλίανθου, το βαθμό αποφλοίωσης του ηλιόσπορου και τη μέθοδο κατεργασίας αυτού. Η περιεκτικότητα τους σε ολικές «κυτταρίνες» κυμαίνεται από 12% έως 32%, σε ολικές αζωτούχες ουσίες από 24% έως 44% και σε ολικές λιπαρές ουσίες από 1% έως 10%, ενώ αντίστοιχα μεγάλη διακύμανση παρουσιάζει και η περιεκτικότητα του σε ενέργεια. Επίσης, περιέχει μια σημαντική ποσότητα βιταμινών και μη αμυλούχων πολυσακχαριτών. Σε σύγκριση με το σογιάλευρο, το ηλιάλευρο έχει υψηλότερη περιεκτικότητα σε ολικές «κυτταρίνες» και μεθειονίνη και χαμηλότερη περιεκτικότητα σε ενέργεια, ολικές αζωτούχες ουσίες και λυσίνη, ενώ έχει παρόμοια πεπτικότητα πρωτεϊνών. Το ηλιάλευρο μπορεί να χρησιμοποιηθεί στη διατροφή τόσο των μονογαστρικών όσο και των μηρυκαστικών σε κατάλληλη ανά περίπτωση αναλογία, αντικαθιστώντας εν μέρει ή πλήρως το σογιάλευρο. Τέλος, η τιμή του στην ελληνική αγορά είναι χαμηλότερη αυτής του σογιάλευρου., The sunflower plant (Helianthus annuus) is an annual herbaceous plant of the Asteraceae family. It is grown primarily for its seeds, the sunflower oil and the sunflower meal obtained from it, but also as an ornamental plant, as feed and as fuel. The sunflower seed is comprised from the husk on the outside and the kernel on the inside, whereas depending on the oil content it is categorised in two varieties, one with low oil content (average 25%) and another with high oil content (40% - 51%). The sunflower oil is high in unsaturated fatty acids, vitamin E and plant sterols and low in saturated fatty acids. The fatty acids composition of the sunflower oil depends mainly on the variety of the sunflower seeds and thus the sunflower oil is categorised in linoleic sunflower oil or classic (with high polyunsaturated fatty acids content), oleic sunflower oil or High-oleic (with a high monounsaturated fatty acids content) and middle oleic sunflower oil or NuSun (with an intermediate oleic acid content). It is marketed as raw oil or refined oil. The sunflower oil is added to the rations of farm animals in order to increase their energy content and to meet their essential fatty acids needs. Nowadays, many researchers study its effect on the composition of milk, meat and eggs produced from farm animals, in order to obtain characteristics more desirable for the human consumers, such as higher concentration of unsaturated omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, as well as higher concentration of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA). The sunflower meal is the main byproduct of the sunflower seeds after oil extraction. Sunflower meal may differ in color and texture, as well as in their chemical composition, depending on the variety of the sunflower, the degree of hull removal and the method of treatment. The crude fiber content varies from 12% to 32%, the crude protein from 24% to 44% and the ether extract from 1% to 10%. It also contains a significant amount of vitamins and non-starch polysaccharides. The sunflower oil and the sunflower meal can be used in the nutrition of both monogastric animals and ruminants.
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- 2017
339. Effects of different feeding regimens with protease supplementation on growth, amino acid digestibility, economic efficiency, blood biochemical parameters, and intestinal histology in broiler chickens.
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Amer SA, Beheiry RR, Abdel Fattah DM, Roushdy EM, Hassan FAM, Ismail TA, Zaitoun NMA, Abo-Elmaaty AMA, and Metwally AE
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- Alkaline Phosphatase blood, Amino Acids metabolism, Animal Feed analysis, Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Animals, Diet economics, Dietary Proteins, Digestion, Immunoglobulin M blood, Intestines drug effects, Chickens growth & development, Diet veterinary, Peptide Hydrolases administration & dosage
- Abstract
Background: This study was conducted to estimate the impacts of using varied feeding regimens with or without protease supplementation on the growth performance, apparent amino acid ileal digestibility (AID%), economic efficiency, intestinal histology, and blood biochemical parameters of broiler chickens. Three hundred one-day-old chicks (Ross 308 broiler) were randomly allotted to a 3 × 2 factorial design. The experimental design consisted of three feeding regimens; FR1: a recommended protein SBM diet, FR2: a low-protein SBM diet, and FR3: a low-protein diet with the inclusion of 5% DDGS and 5% SFM, with or without protease supplementation (250 mg/kg)., Results: Increased feed intake and feed conversion ratio were observed in the FR3 treatment during the starter stage and decreased body weight and body weight gain during the grower stage. However, there was no significant effect of the different feeding regimens, protease supplementation, or interaction on the overall performance. The economic value of diets also remained unaffected by the different feeding regimens, protease supplementation, or interaction. Protease supplementation resulted in lowering the AID% of tryptophan and leucine. Reduced AID% of methionine was evident in the FR2 + VE and FR3 - VE treatments. Histological findings substantiated the FR3 treatment mediated a decrease in the duodenal and jejunal villous height (VH), jejunal villous width (VW), and ileal VW, whereas, increase in the ileal crypt depth (CD). The FR2 + VE treatment reduced the VH:CD ratio in the duodenum. The duodenal CD and the jejunal goblet cell count were reduced as a consequence of protease supplementation. The FR3 + VE treatment documented a rise in duodenal CD, while an increase in the jejunal goblet cell count was observed in the FR3 - VE treatment. The FR3 treatment enhanced the IgM serum levels compared to the FR1 and FR2 treatments. IgM serum levels were also elevated following protease supplementation. FR3 + VE treatment increased IgM serum levels. The highest serum ALP was found in the FR3 treatment, whereas the lowest level was obtained in the FR2 treatment., Conclusion: Low-protein SBM-based diets could be used without affecting the birds' growth. Altered morphometric measures of the intestine and increased IgM and ALP levels indicated the low-protein SBM/DDGS-SFM diet-induced damage of the intestinal histoarchitecture and immune system of birds. These different diets and protease supplementation failed to affect economic efficiency positively., (© 2021. The Author(s).)
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- 2021
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340. Sunflower expellers have greater ileal digestibility of amino acids than sunflower meal, but there are only minor variations among different sources of sunflower meal when fed to growing pigs.
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Ibagon JA, Lee SA, and Stein HH
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- Animal Feed analysis, Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Animals, Diet veterinary, Digestion, Ileum, Glycine max, Swine, Amino Acids, Helianthus
- Abstract
The objective was to test the hypothesis that there is no effect of origin or processing procedure on the standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of amino acids (AA) and crude protein (CP) in sunflower coproducts. Six sources of sunflower meal (SFM) and one source of sunflower expellers (SFE) were obtained from Ukraine, Italy, Hungary, and the United States. Each source of SFM or SFE was the only source of CP and AA in one diet, and an N-free diet was also used for a total of eight diets. Eight barrows (body weight: 28.5 ± 2.4 kg) had a T-cannula installed in the distal ileum and were allotted to one of the eight diets using an 8 × 8 Latin square design with eight periods. The Lys:CP ratio in the six sources of SFM ranged from 3.10% to 3.96% with CP concentrations ranging from 27.34% to 36.75%. CP in SFE was 26.87% and the Lys:CP ratio was 3.51%. Concentrations of acid-hydrolyzed ether extract in the six sources of SFM ranged from 0.60% to 3.11%, but SFE contained 8.77%. Results indicated that the SID of CP was lower (P < 0.05) in SFM from Hungary compared with all other sources of SFM except for one of the sources from Ukraine. There were no differences in the SID of Lys, Met, and Trp among sources of SFM, but for most of the remaining indispensable AA, the SFM from Hungary had less (P < 0.05) SID than the other sources. However, only a few differences in the SID of indispensable AA were observed among the other sources of SFM, but the SID of CP and all AA except Trp was greater (P < 0.05) in SFE compared with SFM. In conclusion, there were only a few differences in the SID of the first-limiting AA among SFM obtained from Ukraine, Hungary, Italy, and the United States, but the SID of CP and AA was greater in SFE than in SFM indicating that processing of sunflower seeds influence the nutritional value., (© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Society of Animal Science. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
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- 2021
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341. Standardized total tract digestibility of phosphorus in high-protein sunflower meal fed to growing pigs with or without phytase supplementation.
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Lee, Jinyoung, Kim, Jong Woong, and Nyachoti, Charles Martin
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- *
PHYTASES , *SWINE , *SUNFLOWER meal , *REDUCING diets , *DIETARY proteins , *FECES , *METABOLIZABLE energy values - Abstract
• High-protein sunflower meal (HP-SFM) is a potential source of protein in swine diets. • Evaluation of phosphorus (P) digestibility in HP-SFM is important due to its high P content. • The standardized total tract digestible P in HP-SFM was determined at 3.61 g/kg. • Phytase supplementation tended to increase the standardized total tract digestibility of P in HP-SFM fed to pigs by 100 %. The objective of this research was to determine the coefficient of apparent (CATTD) and standardized total tract digestibility (CSTTD) of phosphorus (P) in high-protein sunflower meal (HP-SFM) fed to growing pigs with or without phytase supplementation. Twenty-four pigs (19.5 ± 1.9 kg) were assigned to 1 of 4 diets to give 6 replicates per diet. The experimental diets consisted of a corn-soybean meal-based diet and a diet containing 300 g/kg of HP-SFM, both of which were fed without or with phytase supplementation at 500 phytase units/kg. The CATTD and CSTTD of P in experimental diets were determined and then the CATTD and CSTTD of P in HP-SFM were calculated using the difference method. Pigs were fed their diets at approximately 2.8 times the maintenance energy requirement. Pigs were housed individually in metabolism crates for 15 days including 10 days for adaptation to experimental diets and 5 days for total collection of feces. Phytase supplementation decreased (P < 0.05) both calcium (Ca; 21.4 vs. 13.4 g/kg) and P (44.4 vs. 32.3 g/kg) concentrations in feces in HP-SFM-containing diets. The addition of dietary phytase to the HP-SFM-containing diets also reduced (P < 0.05) daily fecal Ca output from 3.08 to 1.86 g/day and daily fecal P output from 6.41 to 4.51 g/day. The CATTD of Ca and P and CSTTD of P increased (P < 0.05) with phytase supplementation in both basal and HP-SFM-containing diets. There was a tendency (P = 0.061) for phytase supplementation to increase P utilization in HP-SFM, and the CATTD and CSTTD of P in HP-SFM with phytase supplementation were 0.37 and 0.38, respectively, which were higher than for HP-SFM without phytase supplementation (0.18 and 0.19, respectively). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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342. Effects of Sunflower Meal Supplementation as a Complementary Protein Source in the Laying Hen's Diet on Productive Performance, Egg Quality, and Nutrient Digestibility.
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Saleh, Ahmed A., El-Awady, Ahmed, Amber, Khairy, Eid, Yahya Z., Alzawqari, Mohammed H., Selim, Shaimaa, Soliman, Mohamed Mohamed, Shukry, Mustafa, Rosen, Marc A., and Puvača, Nikola
- Abstract
The practical usage of untraditional feedstuffs such as sunflower meal (SFM) in laying hens nutrition in developing countries has received considerable attention. SFM is a by-product of the sunflower oil industry and has been progressively added to bird's diets. Sunflower meal (SFM) is gaining great interest as a feed ingredient due to its eminent crude protein content, low anti-nutritional compounds, and low price. The current experiment was aimed to assess the production efficiency, egg quality, yolk fatty acids composition, and nutrient digestibility of laying hens fed SFM. A total of 162 Bovans Brown laying hens aged 60 weeks old were randomly allocated using a completely randomized design into three experimental groups of nine replicates each (n = six/replicate) for eight weeks. The dietary treatments involved a control (basal diet) and two levels of SFM, 50 and 100 g/kg feed. The dietary treatments did not influence live weight gain, feed intake, and egg mass. On one hand, the laying rate was increased; on the other hand, the feed conversion ratio and broken eggs rate of laying hens were decreased (p < 0.05) by the dietary inclusion of SFM. Dietary treatments had no effect on the egg's quality characteristics except the yolk color and yolk height were larger (p = 0.01) for laying hens fed SFM compared with those fed the control. Dietary inclusion of SFM decreased (p < 0.05) the content of cholesterol in the egg yolk. Still, it increased the yolk contents of vitamin E, calcium, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, and oleic acid (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the dietary inclusion of SFM increased crude protein and calcium digestibility, but decreased the ether extract digestibility. In conclusion, our results suggested that the dietary inclusion of SFM, up to 100 g/kg at a late phase of laying, could improve the production performance, some of the egg quality traits, and nutrient digestibility while decreasing egg yolk cholesterol. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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343. The performance of female dairy calves fed texturized starters with different protein sources
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Yavuz, E., Todorov, N., Ganchev, G., and Nedelkov, K.
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lcsh:Agriculture ,rape (canola) meal ,sunflower meal ,distillers grain ,digestive, oral, and skin physiology ,rape (canola)meal ,lcsh:S ,food and beverages ,whole grain ,soybean meal ,starter feed ,calves - Abstract
The aim of the experiment was to determine the effect of inclusion of dry distillers grain with solubles (DDGS) and canola meal, as replacement of soybean meal and sunflower meal in textured starter feed for dairy calves. The second object was to compare two starters with the same ingredient and nutrient content composed of whole maize grain (WMG) plus protein concentrate, versus mixture of WMG, pelleted DDGS, pelleted canola meal, and pelleted mineralvitamin premix. A seventy-day experiment was carried out with 30 Black and White female calves weighing 39 kg at birth. Each calf received 2 L of high quality colostrum (above 50 mg immunoglobulin/L) three times during the first day and 2 L colostrum three times at the second day after birth. From 3 to 35 days of age, calves were fed 3 L pasteurized whole unsalable milk twice daily and from 36 to 56 days of age - once daily. Calves were allocated to three treatments based on the day of birth and weight at birth. The calves received texturized starter feed with different composition: 1) 50% whole maize grain (WMG) + 50% pelleted protein concentrate with soybean meal, DDGS and sunflower meal as protein sources for the first group (pBDS); 2) 50% WMG + 50% pelleted protein concentrate with DDGS and canola meal for the second group (pDC); 3) 50% WMG + 24.1% pelleted DDGS + 23.4%, pelleted canola meal + 2.5% pelleted mineral-vitamin premix for the third group (DCVp). Crude protein (CP) content of all three starters was 19.0 to 19.6%. From 1 to 35 days of age the average daily gain (ADG) was 606, 580 and 569 g respectively for pBDS, pDC and DCVp groups, and did not differ (P>0.05) among treatments. From 36 to 56 days of age the ADG was 719, 710 and 695 g (P>0.05), and from 57 to 70 days 971, 964 and 943 g (P>0.05) respectively for pBDS, pDC and DCVp groups. There were no significant differences in feed efficiency, fecal score, health status and behavior of calves receiving different starter feeds. Results of this trial indicated that it is possible to replace soybean meal plus sunflower meal with canola meal and dry distillers grain with solubles, without significant changes of ADG, feed efficiency and health status of calves. Performance of calves was approximately equal when fed DDGS and canola meal as ingredients of pelleted protein concentrate or as separate ingredient in a starter mixture of WMG, pelleted DDGS, pelleted CM and pelleted mineral-vitamin premix. When pelleted DDGS and pelleted canola meal is available, it is possible to use them directly as components of starter, instead of buying protein concentrate with the same protein sources. Starter feed containing whole maize grain, pelleted DDGS, pelleted canola meal, and pelleted mineral-vitamin premix was the cheapest, compared to the other tested starter feeds.
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- 2015
344. Sunflower seed byproduct and its fractions for food application: An attempt to improve the sustainability of the oil process.
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de Oliveira Filho JG and Egea MB
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- Chlorogenic Acid, Edible Films, Protein Hydrolysates, Food Ingredients, Functional Food, Helianthus, Nutritive Value, Seeds, Sunflower Oil
- Abstract
The sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) is one of the main oil crops in the world grown for the production of edible and biodiesel oil. Byproducts of the extraction of sunflower oil constitute a raw material with potential for several applications in the food area due to its chemical composition, including the high content of proteins and phenolic compounds. Thoughtful of a consumer increasingly concerned with the environmental impact, we try to clarify in this review the potential of using sunflower seed byproducts and their fractions to enhance the production of potentially functional foods. The applications of sunflower seed byproduct include its transformation into flours/ingredients that are capable of improving the nutritional and functional value of foods. In addition, the protein isolates obtained from sunflower seed byproduct have good technological properties and improve the nutritional value of food products. These protein isolates can be used to obtain protein hydrolysates with technological and bioactive properties and as matrices for the development of edible, biodegradable, and active films for food. The sunflower seed byproduct is also a source of phenolic compounds with bioactive properties, mainly chlorogenic acid, which can be extracted by different methods and applied in the development of functional foods and active and bioactive food packaging. The use of sunflower seed byproduct and its fractions are promising ingredients for the development of healthier and less expensive foods as well as the alternative to decrease the environmental problems caused by the sunflower oil industry., (© 2021 Institute of Food Technologists®.)
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- 2021
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345. Utilization of canola and sunflower meals as replacements for soybean meal in a corn silage-based stocker system
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Jeferson M. Lourenco, Jennifer J Tucker, Rena L. Stewart, M.A. Froetschel, and Jacob R. Segers
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corn silage ,food.ingredient ,040301 veterinary sciences ,Silage ,canola meal ,Soybean meal ,Biology ,Feed conversion ratio ,0403 veterinary science ,food ,Animal science ,sunflower meal ,Canola ,Incubation ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Meal ,General Veterinary ,stockers ,0402 animal and dairy science ,food and beverages ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Articles ,040201 dairy & animal science ,Sunflower ,chemistry ,Agronomy ,Propionate ,cost of gain ,Animal Science and Zoology - Abstract
Two experiments were conducted to evaluate 3 silage-based stocker diets. In Exp. 1, diets were fed to a total of 276 animals over a period of 3 yr and performance data was collected. In Exp. 2, the same diets were subjected to in vitro digestion for 5 time periods: 0, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h, to evaluate IVDMD, production of fermentation end products, and efficiency of transformation of energy. The experimental diets were similar, except for their protein supplements. They were composed of: 1) 74% corn silage, 15.2% ground ear corn, and 10.8% soybean meal (SBM); 2) 74.4% corn silage, 9.8% ground ear corn, and 15.8% canola meal (CAN); 3) 74.5% corn silage, 9.8% ground ear corn, and 15.7% sunflower meal (SUN). Results from Exp. 1 showed that DMI was similar across all treatments (P = 0.167), but ADG was greater (P = 0.007) for animals fed either SBM or CAN than for animals fed SUN (1.29, 1.28, and 1.20 kg/d, respectively). Both CAN and SUN significantly reduced (P < 0.001) daily feeding cost per animal in comparison to SBM. Exp. 2 revealed that total VFA production was similar for all treatments (P = 0.185), and greatest molar proportions of propionate were observed for SBM and CAN (P = 0.02). Additionally, IVDMD was highest for SBM (P < 0.001). Regression analysis showed that most of the evaluated traits followed a quadratic trend for incubation times (P ≤ 0.02). On average, the in vitro technique used in this study was able to account for 97.03% of the caloric transformations suffered by DE throughout the different incubation times. Overall, our findings revealed that although animals receiving SUN had the cheapest daily feeding cost, important traits like ADG and feed conversion rate were negatively affected by this treatment. In contrast, data showed that CAN was an effective replacement for SBM for it maintained similar animal performance while decreasing feed costs. Therefore, from a producer standpoint, CAN is a viable alternative to replace the more costly SBM diet in silage-based stocker operations.
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- 2017
346. Sunflower meal and enzyme supplementation of the diet of 21- to 42-d-old broilers
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MI Hannas, G. R. Lelis, Wag Araújo, Rkg Messias, Gbs Pessoa, L. F. T. Albino, Ribeiro Jr, and Horacio Santiago Rostagno
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Enzyme supplementation ,Randomized block design ,Positive control ,Biology ,Feed conversion ratio ,enzyme blend ,lcsh:Zoology ,medicine ,lcsh:QL1-991 ,Food science ,alternative feedstuffs ,lcsh:SF1-1100 ,Meal ,lcsh:Veterinary medicine ,broilers ,Enzyme blend ,Broilers ,Broiler ,Sunflower ,Alternative feedstuffs ,lcsh:SF600-1100 ,Animal Science and Zoology ,lcsh:Animal culture ,medicine.symptom ,Sunflower meal ,Weight gain - Abstract
O artigo não contém o resumo em português. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of male broilers between 21 and 42 days of age fed diets supplemented with an enzyme blend (EB) and containing graded levels of sunflower meal (SFM). In total, 1920 male Cobb broilers were distributed according to a randomized block experimental design in a 4 x 3 factorial arrangement (four SFM dietary levels vs. three feed formulations) with eight replicates of 20 birds each. Dietary SFM inclusion levels were 0, 8, 16, and 24%. Feed formulation included one negative control diet (NC) formulated to supply broiler nutritional requirements, considering EB nutritional matrix values; a diet formulated as the first one, but with the addition of 0.5% EB (NC+EB); and the third diet (positive control – PC) was calculated to supply broiler requirements. Feed intake, weight gain, feed conversion ratio, and carcass parameters were evaluated. There was no effect of EB dietary supplementation on the evaluated performance or carcass parameters (p > 0.05). Increasing dietary addition of SFM reduced weight gain and worsened feed conversion ratio (p > 0.05). The best EEI was obtained with the NC+EB diet containing 8.0% SFM.
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- 2014
347. ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ВЛИЯНИЯ КОНЦЕНТРАЦИИ СУБСТРАТА И ДОЗИРОВОК ФЕРМЕНТНЫХ ПРЕПАРАТОВ НА ПРОЦЕСС ГИДРОЛИЗА ЭКСТРУДИРОВАННОГО ШРОТА ПОДСОЛНЕЧНИКА
- Subjects
экструзия ,протеаза ,cellulase ,шрот подсолнечника ,hydrolysis ,sunflower meal ,proteases ,гидролиз ,концентрация субстрата ,extrusion cooking ,solids concentration ,целлюлаза - Abstract
С целью повышения пищевой и кормовой ценности шрота подсолнечника были проведены исследования по его комбинированной биоконверсии с применением термомеханической экструзии и ферментативной обработки препаратами целлюлолитического и протеолитического действия. Методом рототабельного композиционного планирования, в котором управляющими факторами являлись концентрация субстрата и дозировки ферментных препаратов, было установлено, что повышение концентрации сухих веществ в реакционной смеси при гидролизе экструдированного шрота подсолнечника способствует повышению степени гидролиза некрахмальных полисахаридов и затрудняет гидролиз белка до легкоусвояемых растворимых пептидов с молекулярной массой ниже 10 кДа. Максимальные достигнутые концентрации продуктов гидролиза в условиях опыта (12-12,5 мг ВС /г СВ и 245-250 мг растворимого белка/г СВ) соответствовали максимальным дозировкам соответствующих ферментных препаратов. Показано, что экструзионная предподготовка шрота подсолнечника обеспечивает повышение концентрации ВС на 51,5% и растворимого белка на 15,1% по сравнению с гидролизатами неэкструдированного шрота подсолнечниками., In order to improve the nutritional value of sunflower meal, studies have been conducted on its combined bioconversion using thermomechanical extrusion and enzymatic treatment with cellulolytic and proteolytic preparations. Using the rototable composite planning method, in which managing factors were the substrate concentration and the enzyme preparations dosage, it was found that increasing the solids concentration in the reaction mixture during extruded sunflower meal hydrolysis enhances the degree of hydrolysis of non-starch polysaccharides and hinders hydrolysis of the protein to digestible soluble peptides with a molecular weight below 10 kDa. The maximal achieved concentrations of hydrolysis products in the experiment conditions (12-12.5 mg RS / g DM and 245-250 mg soluble protein / g DM) corresponded to the maximum dosages of appropriate enzyme preparations. It was shown that sunflower meal pretreatment using extrusion provides increased RS concentrations by 51.5% and the soluble protein by 15.1% compared to hydrolysates of the nonextruded sunflower meal.
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- 2016
- Full Text
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348. Linseed-sunflower meal co-extrudate as a functional additive for animal feed – extrusion optimization
- Author
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Čolović, Dušica, Čolović, Radmilo, Lević, Jovanka, Ikonić, Bojana, Vukmirović, Đuro, and Lević, Ljubinko
- Subjects
cyanogenic glycosides ,extrusion ,sunflower meal ,education ,essential fatty acids ,linseed - Abstract
peer-reviewed, The presented study shows a simple way for optimization of extrusion process, which was used for deterioration of cyanogenic glycosides – antinutritive components of linseed, with minimum damage of essential Alpha-Linolenic Acid (ALA) at the same time. Extrusion of the material was done on a laboratory single screw extruder. Content of Hydrogen cyanide (HCN) as a measurement of cyanogenic glycosides in produced coextrudate and fatty acid composition were determined, together with basic chemical analyses, which were done in accordance with AOAC methods. Statistical analysis showed that HCN content in the product was the most dependent (P= 0.0002) on quadratic influence of moisture content of starting material. The highest HCN content (126 mg kg-1) was measured at the lowest moisture content (7%) and the lowest screw speed (240 rpm). Low moisture content caused weak volatilization of HCN along with the evaporating water, which was intensified with higher values of moisture content. However, increase in moisture content from 11.5 to 16% slightly increased the amount of present HCN, due to the lower material viscosity. Extrusion process caused some changes in fatty acid composition, but even the highest degradation of ALA did not exceed 4%. Linear and quadratic influence of moisture content on ALA reduction was significant (P< 0.05), as well as quadratic influence of screw speed. Specific attention has to be paid to selecting appropriate levels of screw speed and moisture content of the material which contains linseed, in order to achieve both detoxification of linseed and preservation of essential fatty acids., The experiment presented in this paper is a part of an Integrated Interdisciplinary Research Project number III 46012, funded by Serbian Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development. The authors would also like to thank Project No. 114-451-796/2015-04 of Secretariat for science and technological development, Province of Vojvodina.
- Published
- 2016
349. Effect of Different Dietary Inclusion Levels of Sunflower Meal and Multi-Enzyme Supplementation on Performance, Meat Yield, Ileum Histomorphology, and Pancreatic Enzyme Activities in Growing Quails.
- Author
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Tüzün, Ahmet Engin, Olgun, Osman, Yıldız, Alp Önder, and Şentürk, Esra Tuğçe
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PANCREATIC enzymes , *QUAILS , *DIGESTIVE enzymes , *SUNFLOWER meal , *ILEUM , *SMALL intestine , *DIGESTIVE organs , *ERECTOR spinae muscles - Abstract
Simple Summary: In the poultry industry, where the cost of feed constitutes most of the expenses, sudden changes in feed prices make it a challenge for nutritionists to maintain the yield and health of animals while managing the diet costs. It is the first solution that comes to mind to use inexpensive raw materials while preparing diets in practical conditions. In addition, feeds used in diets should be digestible by poultry. In the poultry digestive system, feeds such as sunflower meals are difficult to digest due to containing high cellulose because there is no cellulase secretion in the digestive system. The use of multi-enzyme which enhanced the digestibility of nutrients and decreased antinutritional compounds such as cellulose and nonstarch polysaccharides in diets with sunflower meal can positively affect performance and the profitability of the growers. This study aimed to investigate the effect of dietary sunflower meal (SFM) and multi-enzyme levels on performance, carcass traits, intestinal histomorphology and pancreatic enzyme production in quails. Three hundred and twenty, 1-day-old quail chicks were divided into 8 groups with 4 replicates consisting of 10 birds each in the group. The experiment was randomized design consisting of a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement, with four levels of SFM (0%, 10%, 15%, or 20%) and two levels of multi-enzyme (0.0 or 1.0 g/kg) inclusion in the diet. The body weight, body weight gain, and feed conversion ratio were negatively influenced by the 15% and 20% SFM (p < 0.01) but were not affected by the 10% SFM for 6 week age. The relative gizzard (p < 0.05) weights significantly increased with 20% SFM, but the relative breast weight decreased (p < 0.01). The relative liver weight increased by the addition of enzymes in the diet (p < 0.05). The villus width (p < 0.01) and villus surface area (p < 0.05) of ileum increased linearly with SFM, whereas the villus height (p < 0.01), villus height: crypt depth (p < 0.01) and tunica muscularis thickness (p < 0.01) decreased linearly with SFM. Consequently, it is possible to say that the birds with the least absorptive same weight are the most efficient. The addition of multi-enzyme increased villus height and crypt depth but decreased tunica muscularis thickness of ileum (p < 0.01). Chymotrypsin activity in the pancreas decreased linearly with SFM (p < 0.01). Amylase activity in the pancreas decreased significantly with the addition of the multi-enzyme (p < 0.05). As a result of the study, SFM can be used at a 10% level in growing quail diets with beneficial effects on the absorption surface area. The effects of enzyme supplementation on parameters measured were less pronounced than the SFM inclusion level that higher villus height and lower tunica muscularis thickness were determined in multi-enzyme-fed birds compared to those untreated counterparts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
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350. Potential of a Sunflower Seed By-Product as Animal Fat Replacer in Healthier Frankfurters.
- Author
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Grasso, Simona, Pintado, Tatiana, Pérez-Jiménez, Jara, Ruiz-Capillas, Claudia, and Herrero, Ana Maria
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FAT substitutes ,SUNFLOWER seeds ,WASTE products ,SUNFLOWER seed oil ,PHENOLS ,FAT - Abstract
Upcycled defatted sunflower seed flour (SUN), a by-product obtained from sunflower oil extraction, was used as an animal fat replacer to develop healthier frankfurters. For that end, animal fat was replaced (~50%) with water and 2% or 4% of SUN. Nutritional composition, technological, structural and sensorial properties were evaluated. SUN incorporation led to a significant increase in protein, minerals (magnesium, potassium, copper and manganese) and a decrease in fat content (~37% less than control with all animal fat). The incorporation of SUN in frankfurters promoted the presence of phenolic compounds. Increasing SUN addition lead to an increasingly (p < 0.05) darker frankfurter colour. Samples with SUN at 4% were firmer than the control according to TPA and sensory analysis results and showed the highest lipid disorder attributed to more lipid interactions in the meat matrix. SUN addition as an animal fat replacer in frankfurters is a feasible strategy to valorise sunflower oil by-products and obtain healthier frankfurters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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