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The objective of this work was to determine in vitro the growth curve of Enterolobium contortisiliquum calli. Calli from E. contortisiliquum cotyledons cultivated in MS medium, supplemented with 0.5 mg L-1 2,4-D + 2.0 mg L-1 picloram + 0.5 mg L-1 kinetin + 2.0 mg L-1 BAP and repeated twice were used., at intervals of 30 days. After the second subculture, the calli growth curve was established by determining the fresh mass (mg) from the day of inoculation (time 0). The experimental design was completely randomized with 17 treatments, constituted by the evaluation intervals (0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, 56, 63, 70, 77, 84, 91, 98, 105 and 112 days), and 24 repetitions. E. contortisiliquum presented five phases of callus development: exponential, linear, deceleration, stationary and decay. The calli growth curve for the species E. contortisiliquum started with the exponential phase and remained in this phase from days 0 to 7. The linear growth period in which the cell division rate decreased and the cell area increased was observed between the days 7 and 14. While the deceleration phase occurred from 14 to 28 days. It can be concluded that the growth curve of E. contortisiliquum calli is a sigmoid with five phases and at the end of the deceleration it is time to carry out the calli subculture, on average at 28 days of in vitro culture. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar in vitro la curva de crecimiento de callos de Enterolobium contortisiliquum. Se utilizaron callos de cotiledones de E. contortisiliquum cultivados en medio MS, suplementados con 0.5 mg L-1 de 2,4-D + 2.0 mg L-1 de picloram + 0.5 mg L-1 de kinetina + 2.0 mg L-1 de BAP y repetido dos veces, a intervalos de 30 días. Después del segundo subcultivo, se estableció la curva de crecimiento del callo determinando la masa fresca (mg) desde el día de la inoculación (tiempo 0). El diseño experimental fue completamente aleatorizado con 17 tratamientos, constituido por los intervalos de evaluación (0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, 56, 63, 70, 77, 84, 91, 98, 105 y 112 días) y 24 repeticiones. E. contortisiliquum presentaba cinco fases de desarrollo de callos: exponencial, lineal, desaceleración, estacionaria y decadencia. La curva de crecimiento del callo para la especie E. contortisiliquum comenzó con la fase exponencial y permaneció en esta fase desde los días 0 a 7. El período de crecimiento lineal en el que la tasa de división celular disminuyó y el área celular aumentó se observó entre los días 7 y 14 Mientras que la fase de desaceleración se produjo de 14 a 28 días. Conclui que la curva de crecimiento de los callos de E. contortisiliquum es sigmoidea con cinco fases y al final de la desaceleración es el momento de realizar el subcultivo del callo, en promedio a los 28 días de cultivo in vitro. O objetivo do trabalho foi determinar in vitro a curva de crescimento de calos de Enterolobium contortisiliquum. Foram utilizados calos advindos dos cotilédones de E. contortisiliquum cultivados em meio MS, suplementado com 0,5 mg L-1 de 2,4-D + 2,0 mg L-1 de picloram + 0,5 mg L-1 de cinetina + 2,0 mg L-1 de BAP e repicados duas vezes, em intervalos de 30 dias. Após a segunda repicagem, foi estabelecida a curva de crescimento dos calos por meio da determinação da massa fresca (mg) a partir do dia da inoculação (tempo 0). O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado com 17 tratamentos, constituídos pelos intervalos de avaliação (0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, 56, 63, 70, 77, 84, 91, 98, 105 e 112 dias), e 24 repetições. O E. contortisiliquum apresentou cinco fases de desenvolvimento de calos: exponencial, linear, desaceleração, estacionário e declínio. A curva de crescimento do calo para a espécie E. contortisiliquum começou com a fase exponencial e permaneceu nesta fase dos dias 0 a 7. Já o período de crescimento linear em que diminuiu a taxa de divisão celular e aumentou a área celular foi observado entre os dias 7 e 14. Enquanto a fase de desaceleração ocorreu dos 14 aos 28 dias. Conclui-se que a curva de crescimento dos calos de E. contortisiliquum é uma sigmoide com cinco fases e ao final da desaceleração é o momento de se realizar a repicagem dos calos, em média aos 28 dias de cultivo in vitro.

BACKGROUND Huntington's disease (HD) is a rare neurodegenerative disorder with protean clinical manifestations. Its management is challenging, consisting mainly of off-label treatments. OBJECTIVES The International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society commissioned a task force to review and evaluate the evidence of available therapies for HD gene expansion carriers. METHODS We followed the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. Eligible randomized controlled trials were identified via an electronic search of the CENTRAL, MEDLINE, and EMBASE databases. All eligible trials that evaluated one or more of 33 predetermined clinical questions were included. Risk of bias was evaluated using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. A framework was adapted to allow for efficacy and safety conclusions to be drawn from the balance between the GRADE level of evidence and the importance of the benefit/harm of the intervention. RESULTS Twenty-two eligible studies involving 17 interventions were included, providing data to address 8 clinical questions. These data supported a likely effect of deutetrabenazine on motor impairment, chorea, and dystonia and of tetrabenazine on chorea. The data did not support a disease-modifying effect for premanifest and manifest HD. There was no eligible evidence to support the use of specific treatments for depression, psychosis, irritability, apathy, or suicidality. Similarly, no evidence was eligible to support the use of physiotherapy, occupational therapy, exercise, dietary, or surgical treatments. CONCLUSIONS Data for therapeutic interventions in HD are limited and support only the use of VMAT2 inhibitors for specific motor symptoms. �� 2021 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.

Railway operations involve different types of entities (stations, trains, etc.), making the existing graph/network models with homogenous nodes (i.e., the same kind of nodes) incapable of capturing the interactions between the entities. This paper aims to develop a heterogeneous graph neural network (HetGNN) model, which can address different types of nodes (i.e., heterogeneous nodes), to investigate the train delay evolution on railway networks. To this end, a graph architecture combining the HetGNN model and the GraphSAGE homogeneous GNN (HomoGNN), called SAGE-Het, is proposed. The aim is to capture the interactions between trains, trains and stations, and stations and other stations on delay evolution based on different edges. In contrast to the traditional methods that require the inputs to have constant dimensions (e.g., in rectangular or grid-like arrays) or only allow homogeneous nodes in the graph, SAGE-Het allows for flexible inputs and heterogeneous nodes. The data from two sub-networks of the China railway network are applied to test the performance and robustness of the proposed SAGE-Het model. The experimental results show that SAGE-Het exhibits better performance than the existing delay prediction methods and some advanced HetGNNs used for other prediction tasks; the predictive performances of SAGE-Het under different prediction time horizons (10/20/30 min ahead) all outperform other baseline methods; Specifically, the influences of train interactions on delay propagation are investigated based on the proposed model. The results show that train interactions become subtle when the train headways increase . This finding directly contributes to decision-making in the situation where conflict-resolution or train-canceling actions are needed., 29 pages; 8 figures; 7 tables

The aim of the current exploratory study was to test the mediation role of subjective vitality in the relation between the intensity-traits and exercise habit, thus helping to understand the role of preference and tolerance in well-being and behavioral outcomes. The sample comprised 299 gym exercisers (39% men) with an average age of 36.4 years (SD = 10.61). In general, the present sample of exercisers manifested a preference and tolerance for moderate intensity exercises/activities. The intensity traits were positively associated with subjective vitality and exercise habit, and vitality partially mediated both models. Globally, the intensity-traits presented small to moderate effects in the tested variables. Both preference and tolerance presented positive associations with vitality and habit in the present study and results depict some preliminary evidence that the intensity-traits related to exercise may be relevant for health club professionals adjust their intervention aiming to promote a better subjective experience and exercise adherence. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Introdução: A reconstrução da cadeia ossicular é um ato desafiante para o otologista. O material a utilizar deve ser biocompatível, fácil de aplicar e possuir determinadas propriedades biomecânicas. As próteses de titânio, com um baixo peso, alta rigidez e boa resistência mecânica, permitem uma boa transmissão acústica Objetivo: discutir os benefícios da utilização destas próteses em diferentes cenários operatórios. Material e métodos: estudo retrospetivo de 35 casos operados pelo mesmo cirurgião envolvendo reconstrução do ouvido médio com próteses de titânio. Resultados: em 13 casos foram utilizadas PORP, tendo o gap aero-osseo pós-operatório sido inferior a 20dB em 85% dos doentes. Nos restantes 22 recorreu-se a TORP, com uma taxa de sucesso de 68%. Conclusão: as próteses de titânio constituem uma opção preferencial quando é necessário restabelecer a continuidade da cadeia ossicular. As diferentes formas e tamanhos permitem a sua aplicação numa grande diversidade de situações clínicas., Revista Portuguesa de Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço, v. 59 n. 4 (2021): Dezembro

A preparação organizacional para a incorporação de novos conhecimentos e difusão da inovação nos processos inerentes à prática clínica constitui-se como essencial para implementar intervenções baseadas na evidência, capazes de responder aos desafios com que se confrontam quaisquer sistemas de cuidados de saúde. Esta evidência decorre do valor do conhecimento, no domínio da saúde e da colisão entre esse conhecimento e a prática, traduzindo uma lacuna entre o que o sistema de saúde deve oferecer e o que realmente oferece. Estudo descritivo exploratório, enquadrado no paradigma quantitativo, com recurso ao questionário Organizational Readiness for Knowledge Translation (OR4KT), para proceder à avaliação do nível de preparação organizacional de uma instituição hospitalar, para a translação do conhecimento e a sua incorporação na prática clínica. Registámos um bom nível de preparação organizacional, acumulando 193,44 pontos, dos 295 possíveis, traduzindo uma perceção positiva dos participantes. Reuniu maior classificação, a dimensão “Clima Organizacional para a Mudança”, com a média de 34,07 (DP=5,521), num total possível de 50 pontos, onde cerca de 50% dos participantes concordaram com as afirmações “os profissionais habitualmente são rápidos para se entreajudarem quando necessário” e “os profissionais trabalham em equipa.” A dimensão da “Liderança” acumulou a menor representação, com a média de 31,26 (DP=6,185), dos 50 possíveis, destacando-se a atitude neutral de 60% dos participantes, relativamente à afirmação “os parceiros externos estão envolvidos no processo de planeamento”, e onde apenas 30,9% concordam que “os gestores proporcionam ao pessoal feedback / resultados sobre os efeitos das decisões clínicas”. Confirmamos e infirmamos várias correlações, estatisticamente significativas, nas dimensões da escala e escala total, relativamente a algumas variáveis profissionais. Consideramos positivos os resultados, sugerindo, nas equipas, a presença de coesão e abertura orientada para a mudança, considerando a utilização da evidência como um valor organizacional. No entanto, entendemos preocupante o grau neutral com que os participantes responderam à maioria das questões. Verificámos, nas lideranças, dificuldades no processo de planeamento e avaliação, bem como nas atividades promotoras do envolvimento dos colaboradores, pelo que será fundamental o desenvolvimento destas competências nas lideranças, bem como a responsabilização das organizações de saúde, determinantes que não podem ser descurados nem deixados ao acaso. Os resultados observados vão ao encontro de outros estudos similares. Os achados deste estudo permitiram identificar, na organização, algumas condições facilitadoras e dificultadoras do processo de implementação de mudanças, sejam de cariz individual ou organizacional, que nunca deverão ser consideradas de forma isolada, mas como um todo, na medida em que cada organização é única, logo exposta a maior ou menor influência de diferentes fatores do contexto organizacional. Organizational readiness for the incorporation of new knowledge and diffusion of innovations in the processes inherent to clinical practice is essential to implement evidencebased practices, capable of responding to the challenges faced by any healthcare system. This evidence derives from the value of knowledge in the health domain and the collision between this knowledge and practice, revealing a gap between what the health system should offer and what it actually offers. In this exploratory descriptive study, framed in the quantitative paradigm and using the Organizational Readiness for Knowledge Translation (OR4KT) questionnaire, the aim was to assess the level of organizational preparation of a hospital institution, determining the translation of knowledge and its incorporation into clinical practice. We registered a good level of organizational readiness, accumulating 193.44 points out of the 295 possible, reflecting a positive perception of the participants. The "Organizational climate for change" dimension gathered the highest rating, with an average of 34.07 (SD=5.521), out of a possible total of 50 points, where about 50% of the participants agreed with the statements "Professionals usually are quick to help each other when needed" and "Professionals work as a team”. The "Leadership" dimension accumulated the lowest representation, with an average of 31.26 (SD=6.185), out of the 50 points possible, highlighting the neutral attitude of 60% of the participants, regarding the statement "External partners are involved in the planning process”, and only 30.9% agreed that “Managers provide staff with feedback/results on the effects of clinical decisions”. We confirmed, and infirmed, several statistically significant correlations with reference to the scale and full scale, regarding some professional variables. We consider the results positive suggesting among the teams, that there should be the presence of cohesion and openness oriented towards change, considering the use of evidence as an organizational value. However, we found unsettling the degree to which participants responded to most questions. In leaders, there are difficulties in the planning and evaluation processes, along with activities promoting the involvement of employees, so it will be essential to develop these skills in leaders, as well as the accountability of healthcare organizations, determining factors that cannot be neglected or left to chance. The results obtained are in agreement with other similar studies. The findings of this study allowed the identification, in the healthcare organization, of some conditions that facilitate and/or hinder the process of implementing changes, whether of individual or organizational nature, which should never be considered in isolation, but as a whole, as each organization is unique and, therefore, exposed to greater or lesser influence of different factors in the organizational context.