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Investigation of the insulin-binding activity of insulin receptors (IR) in insulin treated pregnant women with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus with different requirement in insulin has shown that insulin-dependent diabetes in pregnant women in characterized by heterogeneity. Insulin therapy gets to normal the activity of insulin receptors in patients with diabetes mellitus with an increased affinity to IR, and causes no increase in the level of IR in patients in whom it was not raised. Insulin-binding activity in the latter may be associated with metabolic derangement caused by insulin insufficiency.

A modified method of obtaining the purified K- and O-antigens of Sh. newcastle with the use of ultracentrifugation is described. Serologically individual K- and O-antigens were obtained and their chemical composition was studied. Polysaccharide of the K-antigen consisted of the galacturonic acid, galactose, glucose, rhamnose xylose and hexosamine; it contained no heptoses. The O-antigen contained galactose, glucose, mannose, rhamnose, heptose and hexosamine; in difference to K-antigen was equal to 150000--160000. Thus, the K- and the O-antigen differed not only in the electrophoretic and diffuse mobility and immunological specificity, but also in the chemical composition.

The effect of 6-month hypokinesia on the cardiac function and pathomorphological changes in 8 dogs was investigated. The heart size during systolic and diastolic contractions, stroke volume and contractile function were measured once a month, using an X-ray unit and a kymograph. After the hypokinetic exposure 6 dogs were sacrificed and their hearts were examined morphologically and histochemically. The recovery processes were investigated on 2 other dogs that were allowed to survive for 30 days after exposure. The 6-month hypokinesia led to a significant decrease in the heart size, stroke volume, cardiac index, and the contractile function. Post-mortem morphological examinations revealed atrophic changes in the myocardium. Electron-microscopy investigations demonstrated focal destructive changes in myofibers and in mitochondria: some of them were denser while others had a more transparent matrix and degraded crystae. Histochemical data (increased acid and alkaline phosphatase) also suggested atrophic and destructive changes in the myocardium. The above changes did not return to normal within 30 days of the recovery period.

The antigenic composition of 24. Y. pseudotuberculosis newly isolated and reference strains, 7 Y. enterocolitica strains, as well as Y. pestis vaccine strain EV, has been studied by the method of immunoelectrophoresis in agar. The antigenic composition of these bacteria has been found to be complicated and to comprise not less than 8-11 antigens, and among them nonspecific protein antigens common for enterobacteria, the common generic antigen, the antigen common with Y. pestis, as well as O-antigens specific for each serovar are identified. Immunoelectrophoretic study has shown the possibility of Y. pseudotuberculosis O-antigen, serovar I, with Salmonella sera, serogroup A, and Y. enterocolitica 09 with brucellar and cholera sera.

Combined investigation of systemic and intracardiac hemodynamic parameters (radiocardiography and Fick's procedure, transvenous catheterization, and right-ventricular and pulmonary arterial blood pressure measurement) was carried out in 428 myocardial infarction patients admitted to hospital within the early hours after the attack; changes in necrotic area were monitored for 7 days (precordial ECG cartography and serial serum CPK assays). Computer-assisted combined data analysis made use of image identification techniques, the images being based on a general approximation algorithm and informative coefficient. The algorithm permitted a classification of patients' condition by left-ventricular insufficiency (a 77.4% reliability) and by the spread of necrotic area (a 72.5% reliability). The prognosis chart, constructed on the basis of comparison between actual hemodynamic values and their standard vectors, brought out optimum regimens for every parameter associated with the least risk of left-ventricular insufficiency and necrotic spread.

In order to study the chronic form of decompression disease, clinical and physiological examinations of 38 test subjects were carried out. They participated in 133 chamber experiments and were exposed to an altitude of 11,000--12,000 m for 2--3 to 20--24 hours after desaturation of different duration. Besides, histological and histochemical examinations of organs and tissues of 3 dogs were performed. During 70, 110 and 140 days the dogs were exposed 20, 33 and 35 times to an altitude of 12,000 m for 2--2.5 hours without preliminary desaturation. No persistent pathological changes were found in the animal or human body.

The dose-dependent action of Shigella sonnei lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the development of acute erythroleukocytosis, as well as Rauscher chronic myeloid and lymphoid leukosis, in BALB/c mice sensitive to Rauscher virus was shown. Bordetella pertussis LPS in the doses used in this investigation stimulated the development of both acute erythroleukosis and chronic myeloid and lymphoid leukosis in BALB/c mice infected with Rauscher virus. Lipid A isolated from B. pertussis LPS was found to produce a stimulating effect on the development of Rauscher leukosis in mice. After the treatment of B. pertussis LPS with polymyxin B blocking lipid A no stimulating effect of B. pertussis LPS on the development of Rauscher leukosis was observed. A suggestion is made that lipid A is the active principle contributing to the stimulation of the development of Rauscher leukosis in BALB/c mice.

Genetic and immunoelectrophoretic studies confirm earlier data on the presence of 2 specific antigens of acidic nature in S. newcastle; one of them is a specific thermolabile K-antigen responsible for type IV specificity of these bacteria. The data concerning the differences in the genetic determinants controlling the synthesis of O- and K-antigens in S. newcastle have been obtained. S. newcastle O- and K-antigens did not react with S. flexneri in the group serum system 3, 4, which indicates that S. newcastle are serologically isolated and form a separate taxonomic group of dysentery bacteria. The existence of cross reactions between S. flexneri and S. newcastle due to the presence of neutral R-core antigens common to these 2 species has been shown . Immunoelectrophoresis in agar is the most promising and informative method in genetic and chemical studies of the antigenic structure of bacteria.

The work describes the results of complex investigation of the state of the supporting-motor apparatus of extremities of dogs subjected to six-month-long restriction of motor activity and the following reparation during a month. Intravital rentgenological, anatomical, histochemical and electron microscopic methods were used. It was shown that continuous hypokinesia resulted in substantial alterations of the vascular bed in the macro-micro-ultrastructural level, disturbance of metabolism, focal reconstruction of tissues of the extremities by the type of natural death of ultrastructural elements without a following reparation. A one-month term appeared to be insufficient for reparation of structural disorders. Special attention was given to reactions of the vascular system. Signs of blood transport via extracapillary pathways from the arterial bed into the venous bed were noted.

In 165 patients with myocardial infarction admitted to the clinic within the first 24 hours of the disease, the size of the zone of affection and its dynamics in the immediate 4--5 days were appraised. Three methods were used for this purpose: cartographic analysis of the ECG in 35 precordial leads; vectorcardiography and serial determination of creatine phosphokinase activity (CPK) in blood plasma with calculation of the size of the necrosis in units of weight (grams). It is shown that ECG-cartography and serial determination of serum CPK activity are valuable methods in quantitative appraisal of the size of the necrotic focus in patients with myocardial infarction. Study of the ECG-cardiogram and vectorcardiogram in dynamics and analysis of CPK activity curves enables one to appraise the spreading of the zone of the necrosis in the first days of the infarction. According to the results of these methods, in most patients (68 to 82%) with macrofocal myocardial infarction the zone of the necrosis spreads in length and in depths in the first days of the disease.