Search

Public health nurses (PHNs) in Canada have the potential to significantly benefit the health and academic outcomes of school age children with its impact lasting into adulthood. Unfortunately, cuts in government funding over the years have diminished the presence of PHNs in schools and their ability to practice to their full scope. In the midst of a pandemic, having a strong nursing presence in schools may facilitate public health efforts and reduce the burden on teachers and administration. This discussion paper will explore the current role of nurses in Canadian schools in relation to school nurses in other parts of the world. An overview of the literature looking at the impact of the school nurse on school health (i.e., student health and academic outcomes) will be presented to provide evidence in support of rebuilding nursing capacity in Canadian schools. Finally, the Framework for 21st Century School Nursing Practice will be introduced as a viable nursing theory to facilitate rebuilding PHN capacity in schools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nursing and nurses have become reliant on qualitative methods to understand the meaning of nursing care, and many nurse researchers use Heideggerian Interpretivist phenomenology approaches. Often these nurses are unaware of Martin Heidegger's role in the German National Socialist Party of the 1930s and his allegiance to fascist ideology. We ask: can a bad person have good ideas? In line with pragmatic thinkers such as Richard Rorty, we argue that instead of value judgements on people and their ideas, nurses should consider ideas as a product of a historical/social and political time and space. In urging a critical political engagement, we argue for a Husserlian approach. In opposition to Heidegger's interpretivist phenomenology approach, in which the hegemony of the day is integral to the phenomena being studied, we propose that a more expressive, collaborative engagement using Husserlian descriptive phenomenology approach would serve better in encouraging a more critical engagement with how ideas are used by groups of people, how some groups might be advantaged and others disadvantaged. Our conclusion is that the separation of ideas from political and social context is dangerous, and nurses, including nurse researchers, must understand how their research ideas and methods influence and are influenced by political agendas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AIM: The aim of this study was to examine the existence of a relationship between the grading of reflective journals and student honesty in reflective journal writing. BACKGROUND: Journal writing is often used to gauge skills and knowledge. However, disagreement exists as to whether journals should be graded as studentsmay embellish experiences or write what the instructor wants to read. If students are not engaged in honest reflection, the benefit of reflective practice is reduced. METHOD: Data were collected using an anonymous online survey. The nonprobability sampling technique was used to examine the existence of a relationship between the grading of reflective journals and student honesty in reflective journal writing. RESULTS: Findings indicated a statistically significant positive relationship between grading of reflective journals and student honesty. CONCLUSION: Instead of grading the written component, the process of reflective practice should be assessed, possibly changing to a grade of complete/incomplete. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The goal of Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) education is to prepare advanced practice nurse leaders for the practice setting. Accordingly, it is imperative that DNP education is grounded in nursing theoretical knowledge. The purpose of this project was to examine the presence of nursing theoretical knowledge within DNP programs across the United States. A retrospective approach was used to review publicly available information on the webpages of a sample of DNP programs accredited by the Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education (CCNE) to determine if nursing theoretical knowledge guided DNP programs. Demographic information was also collected. A sample of 100 CCNE accredited programs revealed a lack of nursing theoretical knowledge visible within DNP programs. It is unclear how DNPs are being prepared to be practice leaders guided by nursing theoretical knowledge. Nursing leaders must develop policies to assure that nursing knowledge is core in DNP programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prehospital emergency care is the response to a patient's life-threatening and critical medical condition out of hospital. Patients experience this as both existential and physical suffering. There is therefore a need to combine medical care and treatment with a caring science approach in order to provide lifeworld-led nursing care. A model for the application of lifeworld-led prehospital emergency nursing care was developed using Paul Ricoeur's philosophy, bringing together the concepts understanding and explanation. The model comprises the phases of primary understanding, structural explanation, and secondary understanding, which together integrate medical care with a lifeworld perspective on the patient's illness or injury. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, I explore the turn to mixed methods in nursing. I examine the alignment of key characteristics (philosophical underpinnings and the concept of integration) of mixed methods with nursing's disciplinary perspective and its links with theory. I also provide a brief overview of the history and current status of mixed methods and conclude by looking to the future to suggest an additional twist in the turn to mixed methods for nursing science. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The utilization of nursing theories should serve as the foundation of policies that guide care for patients and those they love. The author of this paper explores linking conceptual elements within nursing theories to high-quality patient-centered care examples and policies. These linkages make clear how nursing knowledge may be utilized within healthcare systems that value patient-centered care. These patient-centered care policies need to be explicit about the contributions of nurses to healthcare, regardless of setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This study aimed to describe the interactions between healthcare robots and older persons in two selected institutions. Methods: A qualitative descriptive analysis study using simultaneous observations of healthcare robot and older person interactions was conducted at two healthcare institutions in Japan. The Pepper robot equipped with Care Prevention Gymnastics Exercise programs was used in two situations: (a) exercise regimen led by Pepper; and (b) interactive dialogue between Pepper and older persons during the exercise process. These interactions were recorded using audiovisual equipment and analyzed using content analysis thereby revealing four thematic categories. Interpretation and discussion were structured based on assumptions of the Transactive Relationship Theory of Nursing. Results: The analysis revealed four thematic categories: (a) intermediary participation of healthcare practitioners; (b) technologies of care for practice; (c) human-robot interactions involving artificial intelligence; and (d) valuing safety in nursing through technology. Conclusion: Interactions between healthcare robots and older persons may improve quality of care. However, issues regarding fidelity and functionality of dialogic conversations, and ensuring safety and security of using healthcare robots are recognized as critical nursing practice concerns in healthcare robot use in institutional settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The concept of s elf-regulation appears frequently in nursing literature. Although the concept is well developed in nonnursing theories, its application in nursing has not been explored adequately. Most nursing authors address self-regulation in one of two ways. Some publish findings without a strong theoretical understanding of self-regulation. Others publish studies using a conglomeration of theorists' self-regulatory explanations without properly contextualizing the theoretical elements for nursing practice. For this concept exploration, the authors used Rodgers's (2005) evolutionary concept analysis method to determine the current use of self-regulation in pediatric nursing literature and trace the concept's recent development, changes, and expansion. This work provides a representation of self-regulation based on existing healthcare studies and suggests steps for concept clarification that could promote accurate use of the concept in future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemsirelik Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi is the property of Dokuz Eylul Universitesi Hemsirelik Fakultesi Elektronik Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Realist evaluation is increasingly used in healthcare research, and theories can provide plausible explanations of why interventions work or do not work in certain circumstances such as the effect of the opt-out hepatitis C virus (HCV) testing policy in English prisons. Aim: To present the process of constructing the middle-range theories (MRTs) developed as part of an evaluation of hepatitis C test uptake in an English prison as a resource for researchers using realist evaluation. Discussion: MRTs are propositions that can explain a particular behaviour or outcome. In this evaluation, the MRTs emerged from a realist evaluation, a theory-driven approach for understanding what interventions work, in what circumstances and how. The mixed-methods data collected during the realist evaluation and the sociological theory of prisonisation were used to create the MRTs. Combining prisonisation with the qualitative data illustrates how healthcare interventions may be viewed by people in prison who may have adopted either the 'deprivation' or 'importation' processes of adaptation to cope with their incarceration. Their views may affect the acceptance of HCV tests. Conclusion: The development of MRTs is a creative and iterative process, requiring an in-depth understanding of the data collected and the subject area. MRTs permit us to see relationships among phenomena that might otherwise seem disconnected, thereby aiding the development of more efficacious interventions. Implications for practice: The MRT developed presents an evidence base for selecting interventions to increase the uptake of HCV tests in prisons. This paper explains how a MRT was developed and how HCV test uptake in prisons can be explained using a sociological theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Open Dialogue is a need‐adapted approach to mental health care that was originally developed in Finland. Like other need‐adapted approaches, Open Dialogue aims to meet consumer's needs and promote collaborative person‐centred dialogue to support recovery. Need‐adapted mental health care is distinguished by flexibility and responsiveness. Fidelity, defined from an implementation science perspective as the delivery of distinctive interventions in a high quality and effective fashion is a key consideration in health care. However, flexibility presents challenges for evaluating fidelity, which is much easier to evaluate when manualization and reproducible processes are possible. Hence, it remains unclear whether Open Dialogue and other need‐adapted mental health interventions can be meaningfully evaluated for fidelity. The aim of this paper was to critically appraise and advance the evaluation of fidelity in need‐adapted mental health care, using Open Dialogue as a case study. The paper opens a discussion about how fidelity should be evaluated in flexible, complex interventions, and identifies key questions that need to be asked by practitioners working in need‐adapted mental health care to ensure they deliver these interventions as intended and in an evidence‐based fashion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To describe a theory on intercultural caring in maternity care and its development. Methodology: The theory has been developed qualitatively using hermeneutics. Material: Previous studies have been interpreted. Findings: Five meaningful interpretation patterns emerged. These are that the experience of caring is related to power; the family is always present; childbearing and migration – a multiple vulnerability; the intercultural encounter changes the mother and the midwife; and conflicts may cause change. These themes are implicit in the theory. The theory consists of the caring relationship between the midwife and the mother. Intercultural caring has four dimensions: universal, cultural, contextual and unique caring. Intercultural caring relieves suffering and promotes health and well‐being. Outer circumstances on three levels influence the maternity care. The five patterns and the theory are merged together. Conclusion: The theory can be used in nursing education to awaken awareness in students of cultural aspects and caring in the maternity care of immigrants. Midwives can apply the theory to maternity care to enable a positive experience of childbearing by immigrant and minority mothers, which in turn can influence the well‐being and indirectly the health outcome. The theory connects caring, culture, intercultural and maternity care in a new way, which is important in the care of childbearing immigrant and minority women. It also adds the intercultural and maternity care contexts to the theory of caritative caring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Registered Nurses are expected to have acquired knowledge about the fundamental concepts within nursing science throughout their training and clinical work. However, the terminology and the concept of caring are debated; therefore, there is a need for a continuous critical investigation of scientific concepts within the area of nursing. Objectives: To illuminate nurses' perception about the meaning of the scientific concept of caring. Design: A qualitative systematic literature search was performed that subsequently underwent a descriptive meta‐synthesis in line with Deborah Finfgeld's descriptive meta‐synthesis methodology. Data sources/review method: Scientific articles published between 1 January 2003 and 25 January 2018 were identified and retrieved from CINAHL and PubMed. Each included study was assessed and critically appraised. Data were extracted, analysed and coded into categories resulting in four different themes in accordance with descriptive meta‐synthesis. Results: Four themes emerged in the analysis: 'To be', 'To want', 'To be able to' and 'To do'. These comprise different aspects within physical and metaphysical dimensions where simultaneously interact and influence each other. Conclusion: There are central elements to the practice of caring that are separated in their simplicity but at the same time coherent, where no part can exist without the others in the practice of caring. There are shortcomings concerning current nursing theories, nursing philosophies and organisational documents related to varied aspects based on what is included in the practice of caring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In contemporary health and social care services and systems, there is a critical need for nursing care that is agile in its delivery, integrated across sectors, responsive to complex need, and focused on prevention, self-care and wellbeing. Community nurses are at the centre of these services, working in and across a variety of complex systems that depend on the expertise they bring to individuals, communities and populations. However, ensuring this capability is brought to the forefront of quality frameworks is a challenge as care practices are often reduced to moments of interaction or intervention that are tangible and objectively measured. We know, though, that community nurses bring vital and wide-ranging expertise to the health of populations. The Queen's Nursing Institute Scotland has re-established the Queen's Nurse Development Programme to address these contemporary agendas and ensure the potential of expert community nursing is demonstrated and recognised. Aim: To engage in a participatory evaluation of the experience of the nine-month development journey of the 2019 Queen's Nurse Development Programme participants. Methods: A Collaborative Critical Creative Inquiry (CCCI) methodology was used, operationalised through a five-phase inquiry process, informed by Theory U 'presencing' and its five movements for attending to and co-shaping reality to achieve presencing. Our embedded and embodied data-collection methods drew specifically on participants' creative expressions, reflective diaries and journals, and project notes. Findings: The results of each phase of inquiry informed subsequent phases, culminating in a final phase (synthesis) where key themes representing the findings from all phases were derived. These themes were self-growth, community and practical impacts. Conclusion and implications for practice: The importance of slowing and stillness, linked to the spaces created for creative reflective learning and development has been significant in this programme. Being present to listen to self, and engage in self-care and self-growth is something the programme provides and that is highly valued. We would argue that if health systems are serious about the transformation of services and people, then these kinds of programmes are critical to success. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To understand how registered nurses implement their nursing practice in correctional institutions with healthcare governance by a health authority (e.g. Ministry of Health). Design: Straussian grounded theory. Methods: Simultaneous data collection and analysis were undertaken using theoretical sampling, constant comparison and memo writing. Thirteen registered nurses engaged in semi‐structured telephone interviews about implementing their correctional nursing practice including, providing direct care to adult offenders. Data were collected (December 2018 to October 2019) until saturation occurred. Analytic coding (open, axial and final theoretical integration) was performed to identify the core category and subcategories around which the substantive theory was developed. Results: The theory of Caring Behind Bars refers to the process of how registered nurses implemented their correctional nursing practice to care for offenders. The core category of Caring Behind Bars is comprised of five subcategories: tension between custody and caring, adaptability and advocacy, offender population, provision of care, and challenging and positive elements. Conclusion: Caring Behind Bars required registered nurses to address tension between custody and caring by adapting and advocating to access offenders. The provision of care required registered nurses to use assessment skills and numerous resources to provide a variety of patient focused care to offenders. The consequences of Caring Behind Bars had challenging and positive elements. Impact: The tension provides purposeful space to continue improving teamwork among correctional officers and registered nurses. More research is required about the impact of correctional healthcare governance models on professional practice and health outcomes. Frontline registered nurses can use the theory to make informed choices when providing care. Registered nurses practising in other domains of correctional nursing (i.e. administration, education and research) can also use this theory to advance and inform practice with the goal of promoting offender health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To analyze the conceptual-theoretical-empirical structure of Nursing, and concepts of Swanson's theory of Caring, in a narrative lived in clinical practice. Method: A narrative analysis was carried out, starting from the conceptual, theoretical and empirical elements of nursing knowledge, in association with middle range theory of Care of Kristen Swanson. Results: The application of three theoretical concepts of Dr. Swanson, knowing, being with and doing for, within the narrative, was identified. Swanson's assumptions and care approach were consistent with an integrative interactive world-view that considers the person a holistic, active and interactive being with their environment. From this philosophical position, the person well-being and her interaction with her environment and her new reality were achieved. Conclusion: Care is more effective when nursing encourages to person integrate and actively participate in their recovery process, starting from an integrative world-view where the human being is valued in a holistic way, and from nursing theories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: International research notes the challenges facing youth research and it is, therefore, urgent to examine its own knowledge base to be able to provide the lay of the land and uncover research gaps in caring science youth research. This study examines several decades of the development of caring science youth research. Aim: The aim of this study was twofold - to explore and discuss caring science youth research in the light of Eriksson's Caritative Caring theory during a period of three decades and to uncover research areas or topics within youth research during that time. Methodology: The data consists of 46 theses that deal with young people written in Åbo Akademi University from 1990 to 2020. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis. The results of the thematic analysis was mirrored against the Caritative Caring theory and the development of caring science. Results: A paradigm shift in caring science has influenced youth research. Caring science has put its special stamp on youth research to discover a new substance. Research areas uncovered were a young person's multifaceted health dimensions and suffering, a young person as a patient in need of caring encounters, caring and learning in education of young nursing students. The substance of these topics has changed focus during the three decades. The caring science perspective gives a special focus such as highlighting existential issues among young persons. Conclusion: Caring science has put its special stamp on youth research to discover a new substance through its specific focus on ontological dimensions of health and suffering and on existential life questions among the youth. The view on young people's health and health promotion, their caring needs and learning processes, has changed during three decades in the light of Eriksson's theory. Further research in caring science youth research should focus on these deeper existential dimensions for the purpose of developing basic research and uncovering the social life conditions in which the youth of today lives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction : Caring for criminals is very complex, stressful and emotionally draining. Nurses are required to continue to apply the caring attitude in dangerous situation that there is a risk of physical and psychological assault that may impact the practice and the quality of nursing care provided by nurses. Aim: To identify the complexity of nurses in caring for criminals both in the order of a hospital or in prison Methodology: The design used in this study is a systematic review. Quality of appraisal was based on Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) tools. Data search was performed on Sciene Direct, Pubmed, and Proquest in the range of 1995 to 2019. The selected article is a review article about the experience, attitude, challenge or obstacle of nurses in caring for criminals both in hospitals and in prison. Results: After going through the eligibility process, finally selected 12 articles to review in this study. 8 articles is qualitative study and 4 articles is quantitative study. The results of the study found that many restrictions in the nursing process in criminals because of security and emotional feelings that make nurses experiencing ethical dilemma and difficult in showing the attitude of caring for patients. Nurses also feel fear and discomfort when taking care of criminals and nurses working with vigilant and careful thus unwittingly, nurse make a discrimination and stigmatization of the criminals who have an impact on the practice and the quality of nursing care provided. Conclusions: Nurses experiencing emotional conflicts and ethical dilemmas when providing nursing care in criminals thus it is important for nurses to reflect and implement a genuine caring as nursing philosophy to achieve the purpose of treatment, equality and well-being of patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article analyze personhood from a range of perspectives related to philosophies conceptualizing the idea of person as they look at how such philosophies have been applied in nursing and the broader healthcare and also contribute with a critique thereof. Topics include examines aim to remedy this and advance the field of nursing philosophy as an internationally established discipline.

In this column, leaders from AONL discuss the AONL Foundation and its charitable mission of providing resources that create opportunities to bridge science and practice to shape the future of nursing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Institutions of higher learning offer flexible online master of science in nursing education (MSN NE) programs to increase the number of available nursing faculty. Such programs are a viable option to degree completion; however, online programs create challenges that impact student success. This qualitative pilot study describes challenges experienced by seven enrolled or recently graduated MSN NE students. Technology, scheduling, group behaviors, faculty, curricula, and personal barriers emerged as themes. The results underscore the need to create an effective community of inquiry that fosters an environment online to promote student success. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To explore the concept of self‐leadership in nursing. Self‐leadership, while frequently referenced, has not been clearly defined in either the literature or within nursing. Design: Common language sources were reviewed, along with literature searched from 2017 to 2019 using seven electronic databases: CINAHL, EbscoHost, Sabinet, ScienceDirect, ProQuest, Nexus, and Academic Complete. Database searches yielded 10 articles. Review Methods: Walker and Avant's method of concept analysis was modified, as suggested by Risjord. Results: Reviews of the broad literature demonstrated that self‐leadership is the creation of a space for the individual with self‐awareness to live a better self through reflective consciousness. The multidimensionality of work and blurring of boundaries between work and living has prompted the individual to understand their own qualities or abilities. The individual has a true sense of who they are and what they think and feel. This shift in leadership refocuses on a more desirable way of living and envelopes being a master of one's own destiny. Conclusion: Analytic work provides support for a middle‐range explanatory theory that engenders self‐awareness, taking the lead, and personal satisfaction. Explication of the concept and the relevance to professional nursing gives direction for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This analysis is meant to elucidate the concept of structural violence and its implications for nursing science and practice. The concept of structural violence, also known as indirect violence, was first identified in the literature by peace researcher Johan Galtung. According to Galtung, structural violence broadly represents harm done to persons and groups through inequitable social, political, or economic structures. Such inequitable structures, such as systemic discrimination based on race, ethnicity, religion, gender, sexual orientation, etc. create conditions within society that directly disadvantage and oppress members of certain groups. This oppression can inflict profound physical, psychological, and socioeconomic harm on individuals, leading to disparate health outcomes. Using techniques for developing conceptual meaning as outlined in Chinn and Kramer (2018), our analysis seeks to specify meanings and applications of structural violence for application to nursing. This analysis draws on literature from clinical, historical, and other social sciences. Databases including CINAHL, PubMed, JSTOR, and PsychInfo were explored for references to structural violence. Structural violence is readily identified in specific contexts where individuals or groups are disadvantaged by socially constructed systems, such as those of race, gender, and economic privilege. Structural violence can result in health disparities and the development of conditions that predispose individuals to health risks. Nurses must be familiar with the concept to address these issues with patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article expands on the differentiation between the nurse scientist role and the traditional nurse researcher role. Topics discussed include the Nursing Science Impact Model, the evolution of implementation science as a process of adopting and integrating evidence-based health interventions, and the five principles of Sarasvathy's Effectuation Model of Innovation.

Palliative care is provided at a certain timepoint, both in a person's life and in a societal context. What is considered to be a good death can therefore vary over time depending on prevailing social values and norms, and the person's own view and interpretation of life. This means that there are many interpretations of what a good death can actually mean for an individual. On a more general level, research in palliative care shows that individuals have basic common needs, for example physical, mental, social and spiritual well‐being. Therefore, in today's pluralistic Western society, it becomes important that palliative care is person centred to enable individuals to receive, as far as can be achieved, care that promotes as good a life as possible based on the person's own needs and preferences, and in accordance with evidence and current laws. For many years a research group, consisting nurse researchers together with nurses working in palliative care, has developed a model for person‐centred palliative care, the 6S‐model. The model's central concept is Self‐image, where the starting point is the patient as a person and their own experience of the situation. The other concepts: Self‐determination, Symptom relief, Social relationships, Synthesis and Strategies are all related to the patient's self‐image, and often to each other. The model's development, value base and starting assumptions are reported here, as are examples of how the model is applied in palliative care in Sweden. The model has been, and still is, constantly evolving in a collaboration between researchers and clinically active nurses, and in recent years also with patients and close relatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we explore the concept of virtue in nursing care. We particularly examine the description of 'virtue' offered by Aristotle, who considers it the mental constitution that forms the basis for laudable social behaviour. We then turn to Katie Eriksson's work on caritative caring ethics and draw parallels between the Aristotelian concept of virtue and being a good nurse. Eriksson suggests that embracing an ethos, a set of basic values, affects nurses' attitudes as well as the way they speak and take on their responsibility for the patient. We discuss these ideas in relation to a tentative ideal model of the movement from ethos to action to understand and address nurses' ethical thinking and acting. Here, we focus on the catalytic role of virtue as a means for realizing a deliberate, intentional acting with the best of the patient in mind. As an outcome of our analysis, we suggest that the movement of virtue from ethos to action is most usefully conceptualized as knowledge about facts, habits of the heart, deeds of the hand and the power of words. Implications for nursing leadership are suggested, including incorporating organizational values through the means of ethical conversations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to the literature, the family is now considered to be the most important resource for the care and support of a sick family member. Families are being increasingly invited and trained to play a utilitarian role, not just as family caregivers, but as healthcare agents. Healthcare institutions, based on neoliberal health policies, are encouraging them to perform increasingly complex and professionalized tasks. The burden associated with this expanded healthcare function, however, is significant (fatigue, emotional distress and exhaustion). The aim of this article was to present French sociologist Jacques Donzelot's theoretical perspective on governing through the family. According to Donzelot, such a government is exercised through various power techniques, including the instrumentalization of the family role and the transfer to families of the responsibility for health care. This author describes how healthcare institutions call on the family to perform hospital and biomedical practices within the home. A spin‐off of neoliberalism, the practices of governing through families specifically target women, who are considered to be the pillar of the family. Donzelot's perspective is very relevant to nursing, but is still rarely mobilized in the discipline. His critical perspective allows for a re‐reading of relations of power and mechanisms of surveillance and control of families, issues that are often overlooked in nursing research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Spirituality is as an individual, dynamic, and a complex concept. Meleis's theory includes spirituality in many aspects, and looking at this dimension within this specific theory may help in understanding spirituality as a critical dimension in transitions, as processes, but also as a dimension of self–transition as individual development and growing. Therefore, spirituality is an inherent and integral element of the several foundations of this theory, especially in nursing therapeutics, patterns of responses and transition conditions (facilitators and inhibitors). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the years, nursing research and practice have been through remarkable transformations in response to evolving and emerging healthcare systems and practices. Regarding research, nurses moved beyond merely using the quantitative methodology to combining qualitative, quantitative and mixed methods. In practice, nurses have transitioned from the delivery of medical‐based care to nursing theory‐guided practice, evidence‐based practice, knowledge translation and transformative practice. Some domains of nursing research and practice became progressive, while others degenerated. This paper aims to examine how different domains of nursing research and practice progress and degenerate using Imre Lakatos's methodology of scientific research programs. Lakatos differentiated scientific and pseudoscientific knowledge and coined the idea of scientific research programs. He believed that science in any discipline develops so that some programs are more progressive and others' degenerative. The degeneration and progression of programs occur steadily and rationally and are determined based on the extent of development and programs' potential to predict new solutions to old problems. Adopting this idea could enable nurses to critically analyse research programs in everyday knowledge development to use valid and legitimate programs for informing nursing practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Epistemological pluralism is a recognized feature of nursing knowledge, which embraces both objective, scientific knowledge and situated knowledge that include subjective experience, values and affect, and is encountered in relationship. While there is a lively literature about describing and validating the need for pluralism in nursing's knowledge base, there has been less discussion of how to work with and across different kinds of knowing that are used in practice. In this paper, I describe Kasulis' heuristic framework for understanding more clearly what is entailed in different kinds of knowledge, and what some of their advantages and disadvantages might be. The framework was created by Thomas Kasulis, an American scholar of Japanese philosophy who identified broad orientations in Asian and Western philosophies that he characterized as 'intimacy' and 'integrity', respectively. Kasulis emphasized that his framework is a heuristic, a tool for making distinctions more clearly between different styles of thinking, that can manifest not only between cultural traditions from different parts of the world, but also between subcultures within one of the dominant orientations. He breaks his two orientations down by five distinguishing categories of objectivity, relating, affect, embodiment and transparency. In this paper, each category is described and discussed in relation to aspects of nursing knowledge. Looking at different epistemological viewpoints in this way helps to clarify their differences, and to explain the difficulty of reading across them, when they entail basic assumptions that are not commensurable with each other. Kasulis' framework offers a new way of reading across viewpoints commonly seen in the epistemological pluralism of nursing. It is a tool that can sharpen critical discernment about what is at stake, what can be gained, and what might get missed while operating in either the intimacy or integrity orientation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital technologies have become a crucial factor in nursing. Given the fact that many tasks could also be done by robots or AI systems, the place for the nurse in this scenario is unclear. In what way and to what extent will the implementation of ever more sophisticated technology affect nursing practice? It is the aim of this paper to analyse the potential challenges of nursing practice in the digital age. The analysis is conducted through the lens of new materialism, a set of theoretical models that understand the relationship between humans and technology as dynamic and performative. According to this view, there is no prefixed essence of technology. Rather, the meaning of technology is enacted in concrete practice. The analysis shows that in past debates on technology use in nursing, the nurses' role has been defined as guardians of humanity, defending the patient against the dehumanizing effects of technology. This role has been transferred to the digital age, where it is the duty of nurses to cushion the negative effects of digital technology. As an alternative to this outdated role, nurses should be included in processes of technology design and policymaking. Enabling nursing professionals to shape the circumstances of a digitally enhanced holistic practice may empower their status within the healthcare system and also benefit the patient by contributing to a more person‐centred care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dependency is fundamental to caring relationships. However, given that dependency implies asymmetry, it also brings moral problems for nursing. In nursing theory and theories of care, dependency tends to be framed as a problem of self‐determination—a tendency that is mirrored in contemporary policy and practice. This paper argues that this problem frame is too narrow. The aim of the paper is to articulate additional theoretical 'problem frames' for dependency and to increase our understanding of how dependency can be navigated in practices of long‐term care. It does so by way of an empirical ethical analysis of how care professionals tackle the problem of dependency in group homes for people with intellectual disabilities. The paper refers to these practices of mitigating the problem of dependency as 'dependency work', a phrase borrowed from Eva Kittay. The analysis of dependency work suggests that for care professionals, dependency is a threefold problem: one of self‐determination, one of parity and one of self‐worth. These findings suggest that patient autonomy cannot be a full solution to the problem of dependency in long‐term care relations. But they also show that dependency as such is not a problem that can be solved, as attempts to mitigate it only serve to tighten the dependency relationship further. This is the paradox of dependency work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The inadequacy experienced in maintaining breastfeeding was tried to be understood within the framework of Meleis' theory, and its relationship with growth spurts and postpartum depression was attempted to be revealed. Design and Methods: The study was planned in a case‐control type web‐based descriptive research design. Mothers (n = 572), who thought that they experienced breastfeeding problems, constituted the case group of the study, and mothers (n = 524), who thought that they did not experience breastfeeding problems, constituted the control group. Findings: A statistically significant relationship was found between the case and control groups in terms of growth spurts and depression risk. Practice Implications: It is recommended to determine mothers' mood changes and breastfeeding problems they experience on the first postpartum days, to provide counseling to them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PURPOSE: To construct a middle‐range theory, based on the Roy adaptation model, for nurses can diagnose an ineffective infant feeding pattern. DATA SOURCE: Scientific findings were used through a literature review and the concepts of the Roy model. DATA SYNTHESIS: The theory indicated new elements for the diagnosis: 12 etiological factors and 13 clinical indicators. Most of those are not contained in the NANDA taxonomy. CONCLUSION: The middle‐range theory for these diagnoses highlights the need for a review of the components present in the taxonomy. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: This approach guides research on nursing diagnoses to revise the content of the theory and to expand its concepts and elements for the diagnosis of an ineffective infant feeding pattern. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The author in this article provides a review of Peterson and Bredow's 5th edition of Middle Range Theories: Application to Nursing Research and Practice. The author also shared some concerns and thoughts about the current status of nursing theory and middle-range theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, authors draw on distinctions between nursing practice and nursing care to inform abstraction and assignment of pre-licensure practice experience hours. Authors discuss an imperative to develop understandings of practice education and practice experience hours that reflect nursing as a basic human science, with implications for the enrichment of student scholarship and flourishing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Middle-range nursing theories provide a bridge between the more abstract grand nursing theories, research, and clinical practice. As such, middle-range nursing theories derived from extant nursing theories are critical for developing and advancing both nursing science and practice. This paper describes the strategy used in developing a middle-range theory of heart failure self-care. After integrating theoretical and empirical literature, a hypothetico-deductive approach was used to develop the middle-range theory of heart failure self-care from Orem's theory of self-care. Theoretical substruction was used to provide a graphic representation of the conceptual-theoretical-empirical structure demonstrating the congruence between the theoretical and operational systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article describes an experience providing nursing care to a patient under hemodialysis with the end-stage renal disease who had developed depression, loathing, and other, negative personal perceptions and gradually gave up on life goals due to hopelessness. The duration of nursing care, from August 23rd through August 29th, 2019, was revisited to identify the patient's hopelessness in the dimensions of physiology, mental status, society, and spirituality. The author applied Swanson's Caring Theory to facilitate the process of "knowing" and "being with" while performing direct nursing care and attentive listening to assist the patient to become more open-minded and to express personal perceptions toward the disease with the goal of further engaging the patient to increase selfawareness recognition, sense of loss, and negative perceptions. Through "doing for" and "enabling," the author reinforced infection control and identified the symptoms of fluid-overload, moisture, and salinity to raise the patient's self-awareness and self-caring techniques and to lower the risk of hospitalization. Meanwhile, by "maintaining the patient's belief," accompanied by the encouragement and attention from family members and providing linkages to patient-support communities, the patient was guided to identify and aggregate to foster positive thinking and self-worth to increase acceptance of living with the disease. Nursing personnel may apply Swanson's Caring Theory to better consider the patient's perspective, provide individual caring schemes, and strengthen the recognition, selfcaring techniques and supportive systems of patients, increasing patient perceptions of self-worth, restoring their confidence, promoting their adaption to their disease, and improving attentiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To identify in the scientific literature how nursing theories have been used in nursing care for hypertensives. Methods: Integrative review with database searches: VHL, SCOPUS, CINAHL, LILACS, PubMed and Web of Science. 32 articles were found of which four were selected for the final sample. Results: The nursing theories evidenced in the publications were: Orem's Self-Care Deficit Theory, used as a basis for identifying self-care deficits and related factors in hypertensive patients, as well as for strengthening self-efficacy and improving the quality of life of patients with hypertension; Sister Callista Roy's Theory of Adaptation, used as a means of care for people with hypertension and family members in adapting to the process of self-care and coping with hypertension; and Theory "Human Becoming" by Rosemarie Rizzo Parse, from which the role of the person with hypertension in their treatment process should be encouraged by the nurse, who is the mediator of the self-care process. Conclusion: The application of theories was more focused on aspects that interfered with the self-care of hypertensive patients, a context in which nurses perform care aimed at promoting the subjects' autonomy and independence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Perform nursing care in hospitalized elderly with prolonged length of stay based on the theory of Virginia Henderson and mediated by research-care. Methods: We used a quantitative-qualitative approach through research-care, based on Virginia Henderson's Theory of Fundamental Needs. The study was carried out in a hospital in the state of Ceará from July 2017 to June 2018. Participants were elderly people aged 60 years or over and who were hospitalized in four inpatient units for prolonged stay. Software R. was used for data analysis. Results: 30 elderly people participated. The female gender predominated (63.33%), with an average age distribution of 71.17 years. Most were married (56.66%), more than half had no education (56.67%) and 93.34% were retired. Needs regarding the physiological domain predominated. 16 nursing diagnoses were identified and 42 interventions were performed. Conclusion: The identification of nursing diagnoses and interventions based on Henderson's theory, were essential for interaction between researcher and researched-care, focusing on the needs of each individual. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To generate a unique and contemporary leadership theory reflecting the essence of nursing within a complex health care environment. Background: As health care faces unprecedented change and increasing complexity, a nursing leadership theory embedded within complexity science is vital for teams to be innovative, nimble and focused on human‐centred care. Methods: Constructivist grounded theory framed exploration of human issues embedded in nursing leadership. The constructivist approach sought thematic and theoretical sensitivity through the rich co‐creative experience of participants, researchers, literature and data. Focus groups were convened over 18 months with 39 nurse leaders from bedside to boardroom. Results: Constant comparative methods resulted in 15 attributes. Advanced coding positioned the 15 attributes into constructs: Awakener, Connector and Upholder. Definitions emerged through the constructivist process organically connecting attributes and constructs to the potential outcomes identified in the theory as cultures of excellence, trust and caring. Conclusions: The final constructivist process revealed a nursing‐specific theory: human‐centred leadership in health care uniquely suited to assist leaders in addressing structure, process and outcomes. Implications for nursing management: Efforts by nurse leaders to test the theory with metrics related to nursing excellence will result in validation of the theory and validation of the proposed sustained culture change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The Theory of Heat Stress Management addresses the phenomenon of occupational heat stress and applies the theory to surgical staff wearing personal protective equipment while performing surgery. This discussion paper relates development of the prescriptive middle range theory of heat stress management to inform and advance research and provide evidence to support new standards of care in clinical nursing practice. Design: The prescriptive middle range theory was developed by summarizing essential elements of the theory, describing the linkages among the dimensions of the theory, enumerating nursing interventions and physiological, psychological and cognitive outcomes, stating relevant assumptions, defining and identifying relationships between the concepts of heat stress management in observable and measurable terms. Data Sources: This discussion paper is based on the first author's experiences with occupational heat stress, observed improvements in surgical personnel's thermal comfort by using a cooling intervention and knowledge gained from an extensive integrated literature review and ongoing clinical research. Implications for nursing: The middle range theory was developed to create awareness of the impact heat stress has on the health and well‐being of all healthcare personnel at risk for heat stress due to wearing personal protective equipment. Nurses need to recognize individuals in thermally stressful environments, evaluate and monitor individuals' physiological and psychological responses and promote comfort by providing interventions to alleviate occupational heat stress. Conclusion: The Theory of Heat Stress Management combines dimensions specific to heat stress affecting surgical staff and provides a perspective that facilitates knowledge development, can enhance nursing practice and support exploration of the linkages and prescriptions of the theory through research. Impact: The predictive middle‐range Theory of Heat Stress Management will guide nurses to promote the health and well‐being of healthcare workers and influence and improve clinical nursing practice, education, and research related to heat stress management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An interview with National Academy of Medicine (NAM) member and nurse leader Patricia Stone is presented. She talks about the mission of the NAM, particularly in improving health of all people by strategies like facilitating health equity and advancing science. She explains the importance of interprofessional scholarship on the outcomes of research. She discusses the role of nurses in advancing health and social justice.

As health care shifts from an acute, disease, and episodic-based model to one of health, community intervention, and continuum-focused interventions, the ambulatory care nurse is essential in this transformation and its success. Leveraging the ANCC Magnet® Model as a blueprint to improved patient outcomes and care of the nursing workforce can ensure that transformation is achieved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. Looking from a philosophical perspective at the continuous process of the nurse's education, one can see in it a dimension that has not yet been brought to light. Meanwhile, it gives the nurse greater splendour and respect. It also changes the perception of the nurse in collective consciousness and creates her new image in the cultural code. This aspect is beauty, which also defines nursing understood as an art. The theoretical frame of this consideration is the concept of aesthetics of Cyprian Kamil Norwid. His approach determines the aesthetic shade of the nurse's continuous development and legitimizes the aesthetic status of such thought categories as e.g. dynamism, purposefulness, proportionality, depth, originality, complementation, rigor or asceticism. It also authorizes the identification of nursing with art and opens the door for contemporary explanations of such identification. Aim. To show the beauty of the continuous development of the nurse. Indication of the constitutive features of the beauty of continuous learning. An attempt to justify giving nursing the title of an art. Method. Phenomenological method. This method was developed by Edmund Husserl and consists in viewing and describing a phenomenon or an object given to the researcher by eye. The purpose of this method is to get to the essence of the cognitively understood object and to recognize it clearly and distinctly. Capturing the quintessence of a phenomenon or an object is achieved through phenomenological reduction, meaning presuppositionlessness in the research approach and the so-called eidetic view. Conclusions. The permanent continuum of the nurse's development process has an aesthetic value. Nursing has been elevated to the rank of art for several decades. The introduction of nursing to the pantheon of an art is proved from various points of view. Nursing understood as an art does not yet have a consistent theory or precise conceptual grid. Based on the resultant of many arguments, this ennoblement of nursing is difficult to challenge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this review is to examine the state of science of simulation-enhanced orientation and its effect on graduate nurses (GNs). Background: GNs are essential to the alleviation of staffing deficits, mitigation of patient safety events, and provision of clinically adept care. Successful transition from academia to clinical practice is often influenced by factors that compromise retention, increase attrition, and impair professional development. Method: The method used was an integrative literature review. Results: There is a paucity of research in the literature regarding the effect of simulation-enhanced orientation on clinical competency, confidence outcomes, and other benchmarks of professional development that may influence retention or attrition. Conclusion: This integrative review confirmed the paucity of research of qualitative and quantitative outcomes of simulation-enhanced orientation on GNs. Stakeholders of organizational and educational institutions may find this review valuable, as it highlights the necessity for additional research. This integrative review confirmed the paucity of research of qualitative and quantitative outcomes of simulation-enhanced orientation on GNs. Stakeholders of organizational and educational institutions may find this review valuable, as it highlights the necessity for additional research. [[J Contin Educ Nurs. 2021;52(3):150–156.] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Enfermagem Brasil is the property of Atlantica Editora and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This case report describes a nursing care experience that applied Swanson's Caring Theory to a patient who was suffering from the rapid progression of cellulitis, which had impaired physical mobility and induced anxiety. The associated health problems, including infection, impaired physical mobility, and anxiety, were affirmed after an integrated physical, psychological, social, and spiritual assessment was conducted during the nursing care period, which lasted between March 8th and March 22nd, 2020. After Applying Swanson's Caring Theory through five caring processes, the therapeutic relationships with the patient and his family members were established and their concerns and care needs were well known. Emotional support was provided through listening and accompaniment. In addition, the patient was encouraged to participate in strength training to improve physical mobility and maintain a positive outlook. In line with this, diaphragmatic breathing, muscle relaxation, shoulder massage, and divided attention were used to reduce anxiety and to assist the patient to face life after discharge positively and optimistically. It is hoped that this case report provides medical staffs with a reference for providing care to patients suffering from cellulitis, physical impairment, and anxiety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]