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During two investigation years two trials with meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis Huds.), cultivar K21 and tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.), cultivar K20 have been performed. Analysis of upper, intermediate and lower panicle branches from generative shots has showed their influence on determining of yield and quality of seed. Lower and intermediate panicle branches have showed higher importance in seed yield determining than upper branches in both species. Influence of panicle branches position on 1000 seed weight has been more variable in meadow fescue (CV(%)=8,41), while in tall fescue variability for germination energy and total germination have been larger (CV(%)=11,05 and 2,26 respectively).

Протестовано геліоцентричну гіпотезу причин спалахів лісових пожеж. Знайдено докази кореляції між раптовим надходженням заряджених частинок з боку сонця і виникненням лісових пожеж із затримкою від одного до чотирьох днів. Проведено порівняльний аналіз методів ANFIS та нейронних мереж в задачі пошуку функціональної залежності між вини-кненням лісових пожеж і факторами, що характеризують сонячну активність. Для цієї мети використано декілька методів аналізу (методи усунення сезонності, R/S аналіз, DataMining) для встановлення потенційних зв’язків між коливаннями певних параметрів, що характеризують сонячну активність, і виникненням лісових пожеж з врахуванням затримки в часі. Знайдено наявність взаємозв’язку і розроблено прогностичний сценарій, заснований на ANFIS та нейромережевих технологіях. Ці методи, в деяких випадках, дозволяють досягнути точності прогнозування до 93%.

Copyright of Industria Textila is the property of Institutul National de Cercetare-Dezvoltare pentru Textile si Pielarie and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The study presents the first documented data indicating the occurrence of spontaneous interbreeding of wolf and domestic dog in nature on the territory of Serbia, based on three specimens originating from the region of Southeast Banat. Some unique morpho-anatomical malformations of the cranium in two specimens are described. Based on complex morphological and craniometrical analysis of hybrid specimens and comparison with the corresponding material of authentic wolves from this region, it is possible to follow a local process of multiple wolf/dog hybridization and disturbance of the authentic genetic structure of wolf. The identification of wolf/dog hybrids is a subject of primary concern for the development of conservation and management strategies. Because of great vulnerability of the population of South-Carpathian wolves on the boundaries of their range in Serbia, there is a need for permanent and increased protection in order to maintain their adequately strong population in this region. .

In this paper we propose a comprehensive approach for introducing a first/last mile system based on Light Electric Freight Vehicles (LEFVs) in the historical centre of Quito (Ecuador). The approach includes four crucial steps for successful launching and establishment of a LEFVs system. The first step considers organizational aspects by proposing a number of alternative cooperative business models. In the second step, the LEFVs fleet mix problem is defined as a Multicriteria Decision Making Problem (MCDM) and solved by the Analytic Network Process (ANP). The third step includes the problem of optimal micro hub location as well as the problem of optimal routing of LEFVs. The micro hub location problem is modelled as a capacitated p-median problem and solved by an exact solution algorithm. The problem of optimal LEFVs routing is defined as the capacitated pickup and delivery with time windows addressed by a web-based optimization tool. The fourth step includes an assessment of the existing policy framework and proposing a set of additional legal instruments for facilitating the LEFVs market uptake. Based on the proposed four-step approach, the first/last mile system is currently being implemented in the historical centre of Quito. The initial results appear promising regarding the success of the new LEFVs first/last mile system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. The accumulation of risk factors for central retinal artery occlusion can be seen in a single person and might be explained by the metabolic syndrome. Case report. We presented the case of a 52-year-old man with no light perception in his right eye. The visual loss was monocular and painless, fundoscopy showed central retinal artery occlusion and the laboratory investigation showed the raised erythrocyte sedimentation rate of 105 mm/h and the raised C-reactive protein of 22 mg/l. Specific laboratory investigations and fluorescein angiography excluded the presence of vasculitis, collagen vascular diseases, hypercoagulable state and antiphospholipid syndrome. Conclusion. The patient met all the five of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) criteria for the metabolic syndrome: hypertension, abnormal lipid profile, abnormal glucose metabolism, obesity and hyperuricemia. Measurement of C-reactive protein is useful for the assessment of therapeutic systemic effect on any abnormality in the metabolic syndrome. Individual therapy for all risk factors in the metabolic syndrome is necessary to prevent complications such as cardiovascular, retinal vascular diseases and stroke.

Протестовано геліоцентричну гіпотезу причин спалахів лісових пожеж. Знайдено докази кореляції між раптовим надходженням заряджених частинок з боку сонця і виникненням лісових пожеж із затримкою від одного до чотирьох днів. Проведено порівняльний аналіз методів ANFIS та нейронних мереж у задачі пошуку функціональної залежності між виникненням лісових пожеж і факторами, що характеризують сонячну активність. Використано декілька методів аналізу (методи усунення сезонності, R/S-аналіз, DataMining) для встановлення потенційних зв’язків між коливаннями певних параметрів, що характеризують сонячну активність, і виникненням лісових пожеж з урахуванням затримки в часі. Знайдено наявність взаємозв’язку і розроблено прогностичний сценарій, який засновано на ANFIS та ней-ромережевих технологіях. Ці методи, в деяких випадках, дозволяють досягнути точності прогнозування до 93%.

U radu su prikazani rezultati istraživanja glavnih morfoloških i karakteristika kolonija izolovanih Phytophthora vrsta na stablima javora u Srbiji. Na stablima javora u različitim šumskim zajednicama, parkovima i privatnim baštama su primećeni različiti simptomi koji su ukazivali na infekcije patogenima iz roda Phytophthora. Simptomi su uklјučivali žutilo lišća, proređenost krošnje, odumiranje izbojaka, grana i vrhova stabala i pojavu nekroza na stablima sa curenjem tamnog eksudata. Navedeni simptomi se često mogu pomešati sa simptomima nastalim dejstvom drugih uzročnika. Nakon izvedenih testova izolacije, dobijeno je više izolata, koji su se jasno razlikovali u svojim kolonijalnim i morfološkim karakteristikama, a nakon detalјne identifikacije potvrđeno je prisustvo četiri vrste iz roda Phytophthora, uklјučujući P. cactorum, P. plurivora, P. gonapodyides i P. lacustris.

U radu su prikazani rezultati istraŽivanja glavnih morfoloških i karakteristika kolonija izolovanih Phytophthora vrsta u bukovim šumama u Srbiji. Nakon primećenih simptoma u različitim bukovim sastojinama u Srbiji, izvršeno je sakuplјanje uzoraka i izolacije Phytophthora vrsta. Zatim se pristupilo određivanju karakteristika ko- lonija dobijenih izolata i njihovo grupisanje prema poznatim parametrima i klјučevima. Najviše je bilo izolata koji su imali poluvazdušastu miceliju u sredini a blago prilјublјenu na krajevima i različitog, uglavnom hrizantemastog oblika, sa brzim porastom. Ova vrsta je homotalična, obrazuje okruglaste oogonije sa oosporama i anteridije različitog oblika. Sporangije su bile polubradavičaste, različitog oblika i ova vrsta je identifikovana kao Phytophthora plurivora. Grupa izolata sa vazdušnom razređenom micelijom, heterotaličnom kulturom i sporangijama sa ravnim vrhom je identifikovana kao P. cambivora. Dve grupe izolata su bile jako slične kako u kulturi, tako i u karakteristikama sporangija koje su bile sa ravnim vrhom. Obe su sterilne sa kolonijama srednje brzog porasta, međutim prva vrsta nije formirala hlamidospore i ukrase hifa u lancima i identifikovana je kao P. gonapodyides, dok je druga vrsta, morfološki veoma slična prvoj ali je formirala hlamidospore i ukrase hifa u lancima, identifikovana kao Phytophthora taxon ’Pg chlamydo’. Izolovane vrste predstavlјaju veliki rizik po šumarstvo i biodiverzitet pa je potrebno sprovesti detalјnija istraŽivanja vezana za prisustvo i ulogu ovih vrsta u propadanju stabala u različitim bukovim šumama u Srbiji.

BACKGROUND: Miliary sarcoidosis is a rare form of sarcoidosis characterized by numerous miliary-like micronodules dispersed throughout the lungs. It has been documented in less than 1% of all sarcoidosis cases. We first described a rare case of miliary sarcoidosis and then conducted a literature review on the subject. CASE PRESENTATION: A 51-year-old male complained about a progressive loss of appetite, significant weight loss, occasional night sweats, and fatigue. After a thorough clinical exploration, a differential diagnosis of miliary lung disease was suspected - miliary tuberculosis, fungal infection, metastatic pulmonary carcinoma, or sarcoidosis. High-resolution chest computed tomography revealed bilateral diffuse micronodules with mediastinal lymphadenopathy. Histopathological analysis of transbronchial bioptic tissue identified non-caseating epithelioid granulomas, while no malignant cells were found. Lung tuberculosis and fungal infections were excluded. The levels of angiotensin-converting enzyme in the blood, as well as serum's and 24-hour urine calcium levels, were elevated. After a multidisciplinary discussion, the diagnosis of miliary pulmonary sarcoidosis was established. The patient was treated with prednisone for a total of 9 months, with full clinical and radiological recovery. Using PubMed, we also conducted a review of the literature on this topic and discovered only a few case reports of patients with miliary sarcoidosis, with just one systematic review accessible. The key findings of studies investigating patients diagnosed with miliary sarcoidosis are tabularly displayed. CONCLUSIONS: Miliary sarcoidosis is an uncommon type of pulmonary sarcoidosis that can mimic several entities that manifest as miliary nodules. Most patients require treatment since it can have a significant impact on lung function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: Acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPDs) accelerate the progressive impairment of lung function and general health. Together with maintenance therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and natural propolis have demonstrated pharmacological properties that address crucial pathophysiological processes underlying COPD and may prevent AECOPDs. This study aims at responding to dose-dependent efficacy and safety concerns regarding a propolis-NAC combination for the reduction of COPD exacerbation rates. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This was a single-center, randomized, double-blind, phase IV trial with three treatment arms: Placebo and two active substance groups, one (AS-600) received 600 mg of NAC + 80 mg of propolis while the other (AS-1,200) received 1,200 mg of NAC + 160 mg of propolis. Following an AECOPD, frequent-exacerbation phenotype patients (n=46) were assigned a once-daily three-month therapy with the study drug and one year follow-up. The primary endpoint was the COPD exacerbation incidence rate during the follow-up period as a measure of dose-dependent efficacy of NAC-propolis combination compared to placebo. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant difference in the AECOPD incidence rate: 52.6% in patients that received placebo, 15.4% that received AS-600 and only 7.1% that received AS-1,200 (Fisher's exact test, p = 0.013). Compared to placebo, AECOPD frequency was significantly lower only in AS-1,200 (p=0.009). Compared to placebo, the relative risk for exacerbation was 0.29 in AS-600 and 0.13 in AS-1,200. No adverse events related to the treatment were reported. CONCLUSIONS: Oral combination of natural propolis with NAC confirmed formulation efficiency with a favorable safety profile. Our results need to be confirmed by larger clinical trials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Serbian Dental Journal / Stomatološki Glasnik Srbije is the property of National Library of Serbia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

OBJECTIVE: Pharmacovigilance education and reporting of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are important competencies that healthcare sciences students should develop before completing their studies and entering clinical practice. Since students frequently lack adequate knowledge in this area and fail to recognize the importance of ADRs monitoring and reporting, the aim of this study was to develop and validate a unique and reliable instrument for assessing health sciences students' knowledge and attitudes toward pharmacovigilance and ADRs reporting. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted from February to July 2021 to examine students' knowledge and attitudes toward pharmacovigilance activities. Students of medicine, dentistry, pharmacy, and nursing science of three faculties in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, Serbia were examined. A total of 211 of them completed the specially designed, three-section questionnaire (Demographic data section, Pharmacovigilance Knowledge test, PVKT, and Pharmacovigilance Attitude Questionnaire, PVAQ). The questionnaire was posted on the Google Forms platform, and the link was distributed to respondents via the official websites and social networks of all three faculties. RESULTS: Findings demonstrated good psychometric properties and reliability of the ques-tionnaire. Six questions were removed from the PVKT after item analyses. After excluding these items, the calculated ordinal alpha of the final version of the PVKT, which included 14 items, was good (aord = 0.83), as were other statistical indicators. PVAQ reliability testing also revealed great performance of this questionnaire-calculated ordinal alpha for two PVAQ subscales was excellent (aord = 0.91, for both scales). CONCLUSIONS: This questionnaire has favorable validity and reliability in assessing healthcare sciences students' knowledge and attitudes toward pharmacovigilance and ADRs reporting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thymus vulgaris L. (thyme), Origanum majorana L. (marjoram), and Origanum vulgare L. (oregano) were used to determine whether light modification (plants grown under nets with 40% shaded index or in un-shaded open field) could improve the quantity and quality of essential oils (EOs) and antioxidant activity. The yield of EOs of thyme, marjoram, and oregano obtained after 120 min of hydrodistillation was 2.32, 1.51, and 0.27 mL/100 g of plant material, respectively. At the same time under shading conditions plants synthetized more EOs (2.57, 1.68, and 0.32 mL/100 g of plant material). GC/MS and GC/FID analyses were applied for essential oils determinations. The main components of the thyme essential oil are thymol (8.05–9.35%); γ-terpinene (3.49–4.04%); p-cymene (2.80–3.60%) and caryophyllene oxide (1.54–2.15%). Marjoram main components were terpinene 4-ol (7.44–7.63%), γ-terpinene (2.82–2.86%) and linalool (2.04–2.65%) while oregano essential oil consisted of the following components: caryophyllene oxide (3.1–1.93%); germacrene D (1.17–2.0%) and (E)-caryophyllene (1.48–1.1%). The essential oil from thyme grown under shading (EC 50 value after 20 min of incubation) have shown the highest antioxidant activity – 0.85 mg mL−1 in comparison to marjoram and oregano (shaded plants EC 50 19.97 mg mL−1 and 7.02 mg mL−1 and unshaded, control plants EC 50 54.01 mg mL−1 and 7.45 mg mL−1, respectively). The medicinal plants are a good source of natural antioxidants with potential application in the food and pharmaceutical industries. For production practice, it can be recommended to grow medicinal plants in shading conditions to achieve optimal quality parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: Plants and plant extracts are of great scientific interest due to the chemical diversity and pharmacological properties of present bioactive molecules. The Geranium L. species are widely used in ethnomedicine. In the current study, the total phenolic and tannin content, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of methanol extracts of eight Geranium species were investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The total phenolic and tannin content were determined by the FC method. Antioxidant capacity was evaluated in FRAP, DPPH, and biochemical assays, while antimicrobial activity was examined using the broth microdilution method. RESULTS: The high total phenolic (170.64-636.32 mg GAE/g dry extract) and tannin content (37.80-414.02 mg GAE/g DE), along with significant total antioxidant (FRAP values 1.13-8.80 mmol Fe2+/g) and DPPH radical scavenging activity (SC50 values 4.24-34.52 µg/mL) were observed. The prominent antioxidant capacity was confirmed in biochemical assays (OS values -1.47 - -13.02). The extracts exhibited significant antimicrobial activity against ATTC strains (MICs dominantly in the range of 12.5-200 µg/mL) as well as against clinical isolates of E. coli (MICs mostly 50 and 100 µg/mL). The pronounced antioxidant and antimicrobial activity can be due to the high phenolic content, particularly due to the presence of hydrolyzable tannins. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the high content of polyphenols, pronounced antioxidant and antimicrobial activities, the examined extracts are promising natural antioxidant and antimicrobial agents with the potential medicinal purpose and use as a functional food. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]