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// Paolo D’Arrigo 1, * , Michele Russo 1, * , Anna Rea 1 , Martina Tufano 1 , Elia Guadagno 2 , Maria Laura Del Basso De Caro 2 , Roberto Pacelli 2 , Felix Hausch 3 , Stefania Staibano 2 , Gennaro Ilardi 2 , Silvia Parisi 1 , Maria Fiammetta Romano 1 and Simona Romano 1 1 Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, Federico II University, Naples, Italy 2 Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy 3 Technical University Darmstadt Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Darmstadt, Germany * These authors have contributed equally to this work Correspondence to: Maria Fiammetta Romano, email: mariafiammetta.romano@unina.it , romano@dbbm.unina.it Keywords: PD-L1, glioblastoma multiforme, FKBP51, ionizing radiation, SAFit Received: March 10, 2017 Accepted: June 11, 2017 Published: July 17, 2017 ABSTRACT Background: FKBP51 is a co-chaperone with isomerase activity, abundantly expressed in glioma. We previously identified a spliced isoform (FKBP51s) and highlighted a role for this protein in the upregulation of Programmed Death Ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in melanoma. Because gliomas can express PD-L1 causing a defective host anti-tumoral immunity, we investigated whether FKBP51s was expressed in glioma and played a role in PD-L1 regulation in this tumour. Methods: We used D54 and U251 glioblastoma cell lines that constitutively expressed PD-L1. FKBP51s was measured by immunoblot, flow cytometry and microscopy. In patient tumours, IHC and qPCR were used to measure protein and mRNA levels respectively. FKBP51s depletion was achieved by siRNAs, and its enzymatic function was inhibited using selective inhibitors (SAFit). We investigated protein maturation using N-glycosidase and cell fractionation approaches. Results: FKBP51s was expressed at high levels in glioma cells. Glycosylated-PD-L1 was increased and reduced by FKBP51s overexpression or silencing, respectively. Naive PD-L1 was found in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of glioma cells complexed with FKBP51s, whereas the glycosylated form was measured in the Golgi apparatus. SAFit reduced PD-L1 levels (constitutively expressed and ionizing radiation-induced). SAFit reduced cell death of PBMC co-cultured with glioma. Conclusions: Here we addressed the mechanism of post-translational regulation of PD-L1 protein in glioma. FKBP51s upregulated PD-L1 expression on the plasma membrane by catalysing the protein folding required for subsequent glycosylation. Inhibition of FKBP51s isomerase activity by SAFit decreased PD-L1 levels. These findings suggest that FKBP51s is a potential target of immunomodulatory strategies for glioblastoma treatment.

Patients with solid tumors have low lymphocyte ADA levels, while operated patients without recurrence show normal levels(1). To elucidate whether ADA levels are restored by the surgical removal of tumor, we determined ADA and PNP activities in peripheral mononuclear cells(PMC),in T-enriched and T-depleted subpopulations from 13 healthy controls and from 6 patients with lung cancer before and 1 month after complete removal of tumor. Lymphocyte subpopulations were prepared by rosetting withSRBC. Before surgery the mean PMC ADA value (17.2±4.8 SD ,mU/107 cells)was significantly lower than the control value(24.8±4.9, P

With this contribution we intend to continue a research started in a previous study on the construction of a narrative strategy to communicate the pictorial images of historical cities. Resuming the theoretical and cognitive process started previously, which directed the research towards the construction of a geocoded map of urban paintings and their use in augmented reality, we now intend to validate the proposed methodology on the pictorial image of Naples, chosen as a case study application, identifying weaknesses and strengths of the research process and its possible future directions.

The paper presents the results of a scientific collaboration between the Interdepartmental Research Center Urban/Eco of the University of Naples Federico II and the MANN (Museo Archeologico Nazionale di Napoli, National Archaeological Museum of Naples). The research activity was aimed to the digitisation, design, and development of an AR/VR-powered narrative experience regarding Antonio Canova’s statuary that is currently exhibited at the MANN, loaned by the Hermitage in St. Petersburg: Cupid, Hebe, Dancer, Cupid and Psyche, the Genius of Death and The Three Graces. The project is motivated by the will to realize an active example of a digital museum, where cultural and formative experiences related to the fruition of architectural and artistic artifacts can be relived over time, even when manufacts are not physically and/or temporally located in the space where the experience takes place.

This research work into Evolutionary Computing field aims at improving a dataset of algorithmic gen-erative definitions able to return an optimized ‘semi–ideal’ curve that best fits a generic reality–based profile, starting from some of its points. This paper shows GAs_Genetic Algorithms applications especially with regards to study, interpretation and definition of generic polycentric curves. Current VPL tools (Galapagos–Rhino, McNeel) allow to test Evolutionary Theories for problem solving and decision makingin architectural research field. According to a human driven approach, an operator defines GENOME, FUNCTION and FITNESS to drive the Evolutionary Solver towards optimized solutions. Some case studies from Historical/Existent Architectural Heritage are used to show how GAs can simplify the digitalization process and big data interpretation.

The research investigates the theme of the valorization of the huge, but widespread, archaeological heritage of the Phlegraean Fields which, already weakened in its conservation and fruition by the bradyseismic phenomena of the area, is made even more fragile by the absence of narrative strategies, making even local communities unable to perceive its value. The study proposes a systematization of the knowledge of the Phlegraean Fields Park, through surveys and 3D models, integrated by the use of different digital technologies, which together promote effective forms of communication between users and heritage. Each site becomes the node of a network of thematic routes, traced starting from the major attractions of the area and aimed at defining a hybrid landscape, made of in site visits and immersive digital experiences. The goal is to generate a new model of inclusive museum, configuring cultural relationships between physically distant places, between lost spaces and real ruins

Resuming the cognitive process started in a previous study of integrated survey and interpretation of the remains of the Terme del Foro of Cumae in the Parco Archeologico dei Campi Flegrei, with this contribution, we intend to set up, a methodology to deepen the investigation already carried out on the current consistencies of the thermal system that, through the preparation of a suitable neural network managed by AI processes and structured for the systematic analysis of differences, is able to formulate reconstructive hypotheses with scientific authority. By integrating the possibilities of traditional methods of investigation on architectural and archaeological heritage, it will be possible not only to highlight what can be directly observed in situ, but also to enhance traces that are not immediately decodifiable and even latent, automatically emerging as the results of comparative investigations on large amounts of data whose logical structure will be clearly traceable along artificial neural ‘meshes’ similar to human cognitive processes.

Competitions for ideas for architecture have always been sources of stimulus and research, paving the way for innovative projects that have also guaranteed an economic flow and a naturally conse- quent social response. The municipality of Rome, years ago, was the architect of a campaign of this type: the Cento Piazze project included, for the first time, a number of competitions and projects that had never been ad- dressed by a national and international administration. Our intervention aims to reflect on how and to what extent the Public Administration can now benefit from new technologies and digital tools for the analysis and survey of architecture and public space. These innovations, in fact, now make it possible to provide design with a valid help in the preparation of competitions that increasingly concern urban regeneration at an international level.

This paper focuses on the relationship between stereotomic traces and building construction techniques. Starting from the first essential drawings representing stone cutting methods in full scale – which are still visible in some Gothic cathedrals in France and Spain – it will be analyzed the evolution of stone cutting drawings to the most recent examples in 19th–century treatises. In particular, it will be examined the progress in terms of representation according to different centuries concentrating on the development of theory and practice. It will be therefore given a short overview of the most important Renaissance essayists dealing with changes in representation methods according to the codification of assumptions related to descriptive geometry. In the last part it will be proposed the involvement of augmented reality techniques in order to visualize and study Louis Monduit’s treatise on stereotomy through the use of digital pop–ups.

This paper investigates the ephemeral architecture of the eighteenth century in Naples through the literary and iconographic sources found in the volume Idee per le pubbliche feste nel ritorno in Napoli de’nostri Augusti Sovrani dalla Germania […] by Gaetano Barba (1971). The goal is an unprecedented representation, modeling and fruition project, accompanied by a graphic visualization of the places to better understand the architectural and urban space in the absence of allusive images of three–dimensionality. Subsequently, the visual construction of the contexts on an urban and architectural scale made it possible to disseminate the compositional elements of the celebrations and the internal perceptions to a non–specialist public. Finally, an Augmented–Reality application prototype.

The MareXperience exhibition event was held in Procida on February 22 and 23, 2019, inside an ancient cave for the shelter of fishermen’s boats, 45 meters long and 8 meters wide. Inside, synchronized video projections and soundscapes were produced to create an immersive virtual environment, whose contents were inspired by the signs and fluidity of underwater life. The digital forms were generated by a Swarm Intelligence algorithm, a tool generally used to create complex kinematic structures defined by a large number of parameters. Generative design is an expressive form aimed at artistic languages and representation of dynamic contexts, which here have been integrated into a narrative process, connecting aspects of the recording of the movement of bodies in water with the principles of data visualization.

The paper shows the results of the PRIN CHROME Cultural Heritage Orienting Multimodal Experiences project, about the three charterhouses of Campania, with a specific focus on research activities related to the connections between representation, survey, AI and VR. The project has formalized a methodology of collection, analysis and modeling of multimodal data, useful for designing virtual agents in 3D environments, which can be applicable in museum environments. The achievement of the goal is pursued through: (i) an integrated range–based acquisition and morphometric data modeling process coherent with VR management, (ii) the use of semantic maps linked with thesauri published as LOD to solve both the theme of ambiguity and annotation uncertainty and the interpretability of information by an AI; (iii) the modeling of a virtual agent with the development of a mathematical model for computational control of gestures and prosody.

Augmenting Angri is a project aiming at preserving the memory of about twenty murals located in the historical centre of the small city of Angri (SA) using ICT and in particular Augmented reality. The project has been carried on in 2020 with the students attending the integrated course of Visual Expression (professors A. Pagliano and P. Vitolo) in the Master’s Degree Course in Design for the Built Environment. Augmenting Angri consists of an innovative valorisation path in Augmented reality which expand the narrative message of the old murales thanks to the digital contents (audio, video, animations and 3D models), sometime replacing them back, in case of totally disappeared murales.

Il contributo presenta la sperimentazione di una metodologia di rilievo e restituzione digitale tridimensionale integrata di un ampio complesso architettonico, ai fini di una sua documentazione grafica multi-scalare, in funzione di utilizzi e utenti diversi. In particolare, il caso di studio della sperimentazione è stato individuato nell'Abbazia di Pomposa. Il contributo mostra come l'acquisizione del complesso architettonico sia stato possibile adottando tecniche di acquisizione attive e passive, terrestri e aeree, e come queste siano state strettamente integrate fra loro per sopperire alle lacune intrinseche di ognuna delle tecniche adottate, con il fine di restituire l'intero complesso architettonico con una risoluzione multi-scalare.