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Breastfeeding remains the preferred nutritive modality for the newborn and young child as recalled by World Health Organization. Scientific literature is prolific on the matters of animalistic studies, as well as on the comprehension of breast milk bioactive components, and on the short-, mid- and long-term benefits of breastfeeding. The question of the breastfeeding benefits on the future health of children will be approached on three major research issues: inflammatory diseases, metabolic diseases and neuro-development, by focusing on physiopathological, nutritional and comportemental components of breastfeeding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During liver mobilization, upon section of the falciform ligament, a tear was accidentally made on the anterior surface of the right hepatic vein at its junction into the inferior vena cava (IVC). Partial clamping of the injury was then achieved with Bengolea clamps by folding the right diaphragm over the anterior surface of the suprahepatic IVC, partially controlling the bleeding. Injuries of the IVC above the liver can be particularly cumbersome because: (i) optimal control of the IVC above the injury can require direct intracardiac control; (ii) the bulkiness of the liver might challenge the identification of the injury; and (iii) repair requires extensive experience in vascular and liver surgery. [Extracted from the article]

Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared.

Objective: Obesity represents an exponentially growing preventable disease leading to different health complications, particularly when associated with cancer. In recent years, however, an 'obesity paradox' has been hypothesized where obese individuals affected by cancer counterintuitively show better survival rates. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to assess whether the prognosis in gynecological malignancies is positively influenced by obesity., Methods: This study adheres to PRISMA guidelines and is registered with PROSPERO. Studies reporting the impact of a body mass index (BMI) of >30 kg/m 2 compared with <30 kg/m 2 in patients with gynecological cancers listed in PubMed, Google Scholar and ClinicalTrials.gov were included in the analysis. The Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2 tool (QUADAS-2) was used for quality assessment of the selected articles., Results: Twenty-one studies were identified for the meta-analysis, including 14 108 patients with cervical, ovarian, or endometrial cancer. There was no benefit in 5-year overall survival for obese patients compared with non-obese patients (OR 1.2, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.44, p=0.05; I 2 =71%). When pooling for cancer sub-groups, there were no statistically significant differences in 5-year overall survival in patients with cervical cancer and 5-year overall survival and progression-free survival in patients with ovarian cancer. For obese women diagnosed with endometrial cancer, a significant decrease of 44% in 5-year overall survival (p=0.01) was found, with no significant difference in 5-year disease-free survival (p=0.78)., Conclusion: According to the results of the present meta-analysis, a BMI of ≥30 kg/m 2 does not have a positive prognostic effect on survival compared with a BMI of <30 kg/m 2 in women diagnosed with gynecological cancers. The existence of the 'obesity paradox' in other fields, however, suggests the importance of further investigations with prospective studies., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (© IGCS and ESGO 2024. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)

Background: The main objective of this study was to undertake an exhaustive investigation of sex-related differences in cancer surgery., Methods: This observational study used data from the French national health insurance system database covering 98.8% of the population. Patients diagnosed with non-sex-specific solid invasive cancers between January 2018 and December 2019 were included. The main outcomes were likelihood of undergoing cancer surgery, type of oncological surgery performed, and associated 30-, 60-, and 90-day postoperative reoperation and mortality rates, by sex., Results: For the 367 887 patients included, women were 44% more likely than men to undergo cancer surgery (OR 1.44, 95% c.i. 1.31 to 1.59; P < 0.001). However, the likelihood of surgery decreased with advancing age (OR 0.98, 0.98 to 0.98; P < 0.001), and with increasing number of co-morbid conditions (OR 0.95, 0.95 to 0.96; P < 0.001), especially in women. Men had higher 90-day reoperation (21.2 versus 18.8%; P < 0.001) and mortality (1.2 versus 0.9%; P < 0.001) rates than women, overall, and for most cancer types, with the exception of bladder cancer, for which the 90-day mortality rate was higher among women (1.8 versus 1.4%; P < 0.001). After adjustment for age, number of co-morbid conditions, and surgical procedure, 90-day mortality remained higher in men (OR 1.16, 1.07 to 1.26; P < 0.001), and men were 21% more likely than women to undergo reoperation within 90 days (OR 1.21, 1.18 to 1.23; P < 0.001)., Conclusion: Women were much more likely than men to undergo cancer surgery than men, but the likelihood of surgery decreased with advancing age and with increasing number of co-morbid conditions, especially in women. These findings highlight a need for both increased awareness and strategies to ensure gender equality in access to oncological surgical treatment and improved outcomes., (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of BJS Foundation Ltd.)

Objective: To examine the current state for ovarian cancer surgery in France from 2009 to 2016 and to examine the impact of the volume of activity on morbidity and mortality by institution., Material and Method: National retrospective study analyzing surgical sessions for ovarian cancer from the program of medicalization of information systems (PMSI), from January 2009 to December 2016. Institutions were divided according to the number of annual curative procedures into 3 groups: A<10; B: 10-19; C≥20. A propensity score (PS) and the Kaplan-Meier method were employed for statistical analyses., Results: In total, 27,105 patients were included. The 1-month mortality rate in group A, B and C was 1.6; 1 and 0.7 %, respectively (P<0.001). Compared to group C, the Relative Risk (RR) of death within the first month was 2.22 for group A and 1.32 for group B (P<0.01). After MS, the 3- and 5-year survival in group A+B and group C were 71.4 and 60.3% (P<0.05) and 56.6, and 60.3% (P<0.05), respectively. The 1-year recurrence rate was significantly lower in group C (P<0.0001)., Conclusion: An annual volume of activity>20 advanced stage ovarian cancers is associated with a decrease in morbidity, mortality, recurrence rate and improved survival., (Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.)

Objectives: Describing the constitution of the FRANCOGYN group (a national French research group in Oncological and Gynecological Surgery) and present its current and future development., Methods: Literature review using PUBMed database with the keyword "FRANCOGYN"., Objectives: Describing the constitution of the FRANCOGYN group (a national French research group in Oncological and Gynecological Surgery) and present its current and future development., Results: The FRANCOGYN group was formed in December 2015, bringing together over the years more than 17 gynecological and oncological surgical department in France. The group carries out clinical research on gynecological pelvic cancers by constituting retrospective cohorts. Its legitimacy allows it to lead or co-lead the drafting of recommendations for clinical practice in the field of gynecological cancers. It now offers prospective randomized research funded by national grants., Conclusion: The FRANCOGYN network allows us to propose a national reflection on the surgical management of pelvic cancers in women, resulting in numerous international reference publications., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

Competing Interests: J.-J. Baldauf déclare des liens ponctuels avec MSD. C. Akladios, T. Boisramé, É. Faller et L. Lecointre déclarent n’avoir aucun lien d’intérêts. M. Fender déclare des liens ponctuels (travaux scientifiques) avec MSD vaccins.

Aim: To analyze the reliability of endocervical curettage (ECC) in the diagnosis of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer, and to identify risk factors associated with diagnostic underestimation., Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was carried-out involving 445 patients who underwent ECC for: endocervical lesion incompletely visible on colposcopy or inaccessible to biopsy; atypical glandular cells on smear, or discrepancy between colposcopic impression and cytological abnormalities., Results: Comparison between ECC and final diagnosis showed a perfect match in 362 patients (81.3%). For 189 patients with pre-cancerous or cancerous endocervical lesions, the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were 87.3%, 96.9%, 95.4% and 91.9%, respectively. No clinical, cytological or colposcopic characteristics were associated with significantly increased risk of diagnostic underestimation with ECC., Conclusion: ECC is a very reliable tool for reducing the number of unnecessary treatments, without increasing the risk of allowing some lesions to evolve into cancer., (Copyright© 2015 International Institute of Anticancer Research (Dr. John G. Delinassios), All rights reserved.)