3,053 results on '"Krause, E"'
Search Results
302. Positioning of MCG Measurement Equipment
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Borchardt, M., Krause, E., Lindner, G., Aine, Cheryl J., editor, Stroink, Gerhard, editor, Wood, Charles C., editor, Okada, Yoshio, editor, and Swithenby, Stephen J., editor
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- 2000
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303. Volume‐Controlled 19F MR Ventilation Imaging of Fluorinated Gas.
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Obert, Arnd J., Kern, Agilo L., Gutberlet, Marcel, Voskrebenzev, Andreas, Kaireit, Till F., Crisosto, Cristian, Greer, Mark, Krause, E. Tobias, Wacker, Frank, and Vogel‐Claussen, Jens
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MAGNETIC resonance imaging ,STATISTICAL correlation ,FORCED expiratory volume ,PULMONARY function tests ,CHRONIC obstructive pulmonary disease - Abstract
Background: 19F MRI of inhaled gas tracers has developed into a promising tool for pulmonary diagnostics. Prior to clinical use, the intersession repeatability of acquired ventilation parameters must be quantified and maximized. Purpose: To evaluate repeatability of static and dynamic 19F ventilation parameters and correlation with predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1%pred) with and without inspiratory volume control. Study Type: Prospective. Population: A total of 30 healthy subjects and 26 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Field Strength/Sequence: Three‐dimensional (3D) gradient echo pulse sequence with golden‐angle stack‐of‐stars k‐space encoding at 1.5 T. Assessment: All study participants underwent 19F ventilation MRI over eight breaths with inspiratory volume control (w VC) and without inspiratory volume control (w/o VC), which was repeated within 1 week. Ventilated volume percentage (VVP), fractional ventilation (FV), and wash‐in time (WI) were computed. Lung function testing was conducted on the first visit. Statistical Tests: Correlation between imaging and FEV1%pred was measured using Pearson correlation coefficient (r). Differences in imaging parameters between first and second visit were analyzed using paired t‐test. Repeatability was quantified using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and coefficient of variation (CoV). Minimum detectable effect size (MDES) was calculated with a power analysis for study size n = 30 and a power of 0.8. All hypotheses were tested with a significance level of 5% two sided. Results: Strong and moderate linear correlations with FEV1%pred for COPD patients were found in almost all imaging parameters. The ICC w VC exceeds the ICC w/o VC for all imaging parameters. CoV was significantly lower w VC for initial VVP in COPD patients, FV, CoV FV, WI and standard deviation (SD) of WI. MDES of all imaging parameters were smaller w VC. Data Conclusion: 19F gas wash‐in MRI with inspiratory volume control increases the correlation and repeatability of imaging parameters with lung function testing. Evidence Level: 2 Technical Efficacy: Stage 2 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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304. Semi-technical underground coal gasification (UCG) using the shaft method in Experimental Mine “Barbara”
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Wiatowski, M., Stańczyk, K., Świądrowski, J., Kapusta, K., Cybulski, K., Krause, E., Grabowski, J., Rogut, J., Howaniec, N., and Smoliński, A.
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- 2012
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305. MR volumetric assessment of endolymphatic hydrops
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Gürkov, R., Berman, A., Dietrich, O., Flatz, W., Jerin, C., Krause, E., Keeser, D., and Ertl-Wagner, B.
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- 2015
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306. Predation pressure and food abundance during early life alter risk-taking behaviour and growth of guppies (Poecilia reticulata)
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Krause, E. Tobias and Liesenjohann, Thilo
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- 2012
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307. Plumage and Fat Condition Scores as Well-Being Assessment Indicators in a Small Passerine Bird, the Zebra Finch (Taeniopygia guttata)
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Kalnins, Lisa, primary, Krüger, Oliver, additional, and Krause, E. Tobias, additional
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- 2022
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308. The Academic, Societal and Animal Welfare Benefits of Open Science for Animal Science
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Nawroth, Christian, primary and Krause, E. Tobias, additional
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- 2022
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309. Age Does Not Matter: Utilization of Veno-Arterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Massive Pulmonary Embolism in the Elderly Population
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Kegel, S., primary, Young, B., additional, Pasrija, C., additional, Parsell, D., additional, Krause, E., additional, Shah, A., additional, Tran, D., additional, Levy, L., additional, Dahi, S., additional, Toursavadkohi, S., additional, Madathil, R., additional, Deatrick, K., additional, and Ghoreishi, M., additional
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- 2022
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310. Mitteilungen aus der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Evidenzbasierte Medizin der AGMB
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von Gernler, Marc, Krause, Evamaria, and Cascant Ortolano, Lorena
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medical librarians ,systematic literature search ,evidence-based medicine ,training ,Bibliography. Library science. Information resources ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
The working group Evidence-Based Medicine (AG-EBM) of the German Medical Library Association (AGMB) celebrates its fifth anniversary in 2024. It continues its work in the years 2023 and 2024 in the form of virtual meetings. The group meeting of the AG-EBM at the annual conference of the AGMB 2024 in Mainz provides an opportunity to get in touch with the group and its members.
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- 2024
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311. Zebra finch nestlings beg more under better nutritional conditions
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Krause, E. Tobias, Honarmand, Mariam, and Naguib, Marc
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- 2011
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312. Seven steps to enhance open science practices in animal science
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Mu��oz-Tamayo, Rafael, Nielsen, Birte L., Gagaoua, Mohammed, Gondret, Florence, Krause, E. Tobias, Morgavi, Diego P., Olsson, I. Anna S., Pastell, Matti, Taghipoor, Masoomeh, Tedeschi, Luis, Veissier, Isabelle, and Nawroth, Christian
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open access ,preregistration ,open science ,preprints ,open data ,open peer-review - Abstract
The Open Science movement aims at ensuring accessibility, reproducibility, and transparency of research. The adoption of Open Science practices in animal science, however, is still at an early stage. To move ahead as a field, we here provide seven practical steps to embrace Open Science in animal science. We hope that this paper contributes to the shift in research practices of animal scientists towards open, reproducible, and transparent science, enabling the field to gain additional public trust and deal with future challenges to guarantee reliable research. Although the paper targets primarily animal science researchers, the steps discussed here are also applicable to other research domains.
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- 2022
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313. Dark Energy Survey Year 3 results: Cosmological constraints from galaxy clustering and weak lensing
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Abbott, TMC, Aguena, M, Alarcon, A, Allam, S, Alves, O, Amon, A, Andrade-Oliveira, F, Annis, J, Avila, S, Bacon, D, Baxter, E, Bechtol, K, Becker, MR, Bernstein, GM, Bhargava, S, Birrer, S, Blazek, J, Brandao-Souza, A, Bridle, SL, Brooks, D, Buckley-Geer, E, Burke, DL, Camacho, H, Campos, A, Rosell, A Carnero, Kind, M Carrasco, Carretero, J, Castander, FJ, Cawthon, R, Chang, C, Chen, A, Chen, R, Choi, A, Conselice, C, Cordero, J, Costanzi, M, Crocce, M, da Costa, LN, da Silva Pereira, ME, Davis, C, Davis, TM, De Vicente, J, DeRose, J, Desai, S, Di Valentino, E, Diehl, HT, Dietrich, JP, Dodelson, S, Doel, P, Doux, C, Drlica-Wagner, A, Eckert, K, Eifler, TF, Elsner, F, Elvin-Poole, J, Everett, S, Evrard, AE, Fang, X, Farahi, A, Fernandez, E, Ferrero, I, Ferté, A, Fosalba, P, Friedrich, O, Frieman, J, García-Bellido, J, Gatti, M, Gaztanaga, E, Gerdes, DW, Giannantonio, T, Giannini, G, Gruen, D, Gruendl, RA, Gschwend, J, Gutierrez, G, Harrison, I, Hartley, WG, Herner, K, Hinton, SR, Hollowood, DL, Honscheid, K, Hoyle, B, Huff, EM, Huterer, D, Jain, B, James, DJ, Jarvis, M, Jeffrey, N, Jeltema, T, Kovacs, A, Krause, E, Kron, R, Kuehn, K, Kuropatkin, N, Lahav, O, Leget, P-F, Lemos, P, Liddle, AR, Lidman, C, and Lima, M
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Quantum Physics ,Particle and Plasma Physics ,Molecular ,Nuclear ,Atomic ,Nuclear & Particles Physics ,Astronomical and Space Sciences - Abstract
We present the first cosmology results from large-scale structure using the full 5000 deg2 of imaging data from the Dark Energy Survey (DES) Data Release 1. We perform an analysis of large-scale structure combining three two-point correlation functions (3×2pt): (i) cosmic shear using 100 million source galaxies, (ii) galaxy clustering, and (iii) the cross-correlation of source galaxy shear with lens galaxy positions, galaxy-galaxy lensing. To achieve the cosmological precision enabled by these measurements has required updates to nearly every part of the analysis from DES Year 1, including the use of two independent galaxy clustering samples, modeling advances, and several novel improvements in the calibration of gravitational shear and photometric redshift inference. The analysis was performed under strict conditions to mitigate confirmation or observer bias; we describe specific changes made to the lens galaxy sample following unblinding of the results and tests of the robustness of our results to this decision. We model the data within the flat ΛCDM and wCDM cosmological models, marginalizing over 25 nuisance parameters. We find consistent cosmological results between the three two-point correlation functions; their combination yields clustering amplitude S8=0.776-0.017+0.017 and matter density ωm=0.339-0.031+0.032 in ΛCDM, mean with 68% confidence limits; S8=0.775-0.024+0.026, ωm=0.352-0.041+0.035, and dark energy equation-of-state parameter w=-0.98-0.20+0.32 in wCDM. These constraints correspond to an improvement in signal-to-noise of the DES Year 3 3×2pt data relative to DES Year 1 by a factor of 2.1, about 20% more than expected from the increase in observing area alone. This combination of DES data is consistent with the prediction of the model favored by the Planck 2018 cosmic microwave background (CMB) primary anisotropy data, which is quantified with a probability-to-exceed p=0.13-0.48. We find better agreement between DES 3×2pt and Planck than in DES Y1, despite the significantly improved precision of both. When combining DES 3×2pt data with available baryon acoustic oscillation, redshift-space distortion, and type Ia supernovae data, we find p=0.34. Combining all of these datasets with Planck CMB lensing yields joint parameter constraints of S8=0.812-0.008+0.008, ωm=0.306-0.005+0.004, h=0.680-0.003+0.004, and mν
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- 2022
314. Dark Energy Survey Year 3 Results: Three-Point Shear Correlations and Mass Aperture Moments
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Secco, Lucas F., Jarvis, M., Jain, B., Chang, C., Gatti, M., Frieman, J., Adhikari, S., Alarcon, A., Amon, A., Bechtol, K., Becker, M.R., Bernstein, G.M., Blazek, J., Campos, A., Carnero Rosell, A., Carrasco Kind, M., Choi, A., Cordero, J., DeRose, J., Dodelson, S., Doux, C., Drlica-Wagner, A., Everett, S., Giannini, G., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R.A., Harrison, I., Hartley, W.G., Herner, K., Krause, E., MacCrann, N., McCullough, J., Myles, J., Navarro-Alsina, A., Prat, J., Rollins, R.P., Samuroff, S., Sánchez, C., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Sheldon, E., Troxel, M.A., Zeurcher, D., Aguena, M., Andrade-Oliveira, F., Annis, J., Bacon, D., Bertin, E., Bocquet, S., Brooks, D., Burke, D.L., Carretero, J., Castander, F.J., Crocce, M., da Costa, L.N., Pereira, M.E.S., De Vicente, J., Diehl, H.T., Doel, P., Eckert, K., Ferrero, Ismael, Flaugher, B., Friedel, D., García-Bellido, J., Gutierrez, G., Hinton, S.R., Hollowood, D.L., Honscheid, K., Huterer, D., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Maia, M.A.G., Marshall, J.L., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Mohr, J.J., Morgan, R., Muir, J., Paz-Chinchón, F., Pieres, A., Plazas Malagón, A.A., Rodriguez-Monroy, M., Roodman, A., Sanchez, E., Serrano, S., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M.E.C., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., To, C., Weller, J., National Science Foundation (US), Department of Energy (US), Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Science and Technology Facilities Council (UK), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), European Research Council, European Commission, Generalitat de Catalunya, and UAM. Departamento de Física Teórica
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Gravitational Lensing ,Quantum Physics ,Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO) ,Física ,Molecular ,FOS: Physical sciences ,prospects ,Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics ,calibration ,Dark Energy ,Atomic ,Nuclear & Particles Physics ,weak-lensing surveys ,Particle and Plasma Physics ,cosmological constraints ,cfhtlens ,model predictions ,Nuclear ,Weak ,higher-order statistics ,cosmic shear ,Astronomical and Space Sciences ,Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics - Abstract
DES Collaboration: L. F. Secco et al., We present high signal-to-noise measurements of three-point shear correlations and the third moment of the mass aperture statistic using the first 3 years of data from the Dark Energy Survey. We additionally obtain the first measurements of the configuration and scale dependence of the four three-point shear correlations which carry cosmological information. With the third-order mass aperture statistic, we present tomographic measurements over angular scales of 4 to 60 arcminutes with a combined statistical significance of 15.0σ. Using the tomographic information and measuring also the second-order mass aperture, we additionally obtain a skewness parameter and its redshift evolution. We find that the amplitudes and scale-dependence of these shear 3pt functions are in qualitative agreement with measurements in a mock galaxy catalog based on N-body simulations, indicating promise for including them in future cosmological analyses. We validate our measurements by showing that B-modes, parity-violating contributions and PSF modeling uncertainties are negligible, and determine that the measured signals are likely to be of astrophysical and gravitational origin., M. J. is supported in part by National Science Foundation Grant No. 1907610. B. J. is supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy Grant No. DE-SC0007901. C. C. is supported by DOE grant DE-SC0021949. Funding for the DES Projects has been provided by the U.S. Department of Energy, the U.S. National Science Foundation, the Ministry of Science and Education of Spain, the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom, the Higher Education Funding Council for England, the National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, the Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics at the Ohio State University, the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy at Texas A&M University, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos, Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico and the Ministerio da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft and the Collaborating Institutions in the Dark Energy Survey. The Collaborating Institutions are Argonne National Laboratory, the University of California at Santa Cruz, the University of Cambridge, Centro de Investigaciones Energeticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas-Madrid, the University of Chicago, University College London, the DES-Brazil Consortium, the University of Edinburgh, the Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zürich, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Institut de Ciencies de l’Espai (IEEC/CSIC), the Institut de Física d’Altes Energies, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, the Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München and the associated Excellence Cluster Universe, the University of Michigan, the National Optical Astronomy Observatory, the University of Nottingham, The Ohio State University, the University of Pennsylvania, the University of Portsmouth, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, the University of Sussex, Texas A&M University, and the OzDES Membership Consortium. The DES data management system is supported by the National Science Foundation under Grants No. AST-1138766 and No. AST-1536171. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MICINN under Grants No. ESP2017-89838, No. PGC2018-094773, No. PGC2018-102021, No. SEV-2016-0588, No. SEV-2016-0597, and No. MDM-2015-0509, some of which include ERDF funds from the European Union. IFAE is partially funded by the CERCA program of the Generalitat de Catalunya. Research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) including ERC Grants agreements No. 240672, No. 291329, and No. 306478. We acknowledge support from the Brazilian Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCT) do e-Universo (CNPq Grant No. 465376/2014-2). We acknowledge support from the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Allsky Astrophysics (CAASTRO), through Project No. CE110001020. This manuscript has been authored by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DEAC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics.
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- 2022
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315. Site-specific phosphorylation of a phospholamban peptide by cyclic nucleotide- and Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinases of cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum
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Karczewski, Peter, Kuschel, M., Baltas, L. G., Bartel, S., Krause, E.-G., Hasenfuss, G., editor, and Just, H., editor
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- 1998
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316. The Academic, Societal and Animal Welfare Benefits of Open Science for Animal Science
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Krause, E., Tobias and Christian Nawroth
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Open science ,Animal Welfare (journal) ,General Veterinary ,business.industry ,Political science ,Preprint ,Public relations ,business ,Public funding - Abstract
Animal science researchers have the obligation to reduce, refine, and replace the usage of animals in research (3R principles). Adherence to these principles can be improved by transparently publishing research findings, data and protocols. Open Science (OS) can help to increase the transparency of many parts of the research process, and its implementation should thus be considered by animal science researchers as a valuable opportunity that can contribute to the adherence to these 3R-principles. With this article, we want to encourage animal science researchers to implement a diverse set of OS practices, such as Open Access publishing, preprinting, and the pre-registration of test protocols, in their workflows.
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- 2021
317. Galaxy Morphological Classification Catalogue of the Dark Energy Survey Year 3 data with Convolutional Neural Networks
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Cheng, Ting-Yun, Conselice, Christopher J, Aguena, M, Allam, S, Andrade-Oliveira, F, Annis, J, Bluck, A F L, Brooks, D, Burke, D L, Kind, M Carrasco, Carretero, J, Choi, A, Costanzi, M, da Costa, L N, Pereira, M E S, De Vicente, J, Diehl, H T, Drlica-Wagner, A, Eckert, K, Everett, S, Evrard, A E, Ferrero, I, Fosalba, P, Frieman, J, Gerdes, D W, Giannantonio, T, Gruen, D, Gruendl, R A, Gschwend, J, Gutierrez, G, Hinton, S R, Hollowood, D L, Honscheid, K, James, D J, Krause, E, Kuehn, K, Kuropatkin, N, Lahav, O, Maia, M A G, March, M, Menanteau, F, Miquel, R, Morgan, R, Pieres, A, Roodman, A, Sanchez, E, Scarpine, V, Serrano, S, Sevilla-Noarbe, I, Smith, M, Soares-Santos, M, Suchyta, E, Swanson, M E C, Tarle, G, Thomas, D, and To, C
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Space and Planetary Science ,Astronomy and Astrophysics ,Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics ,Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics - Abstract
We present in this paper one of the largest galaxy morphological classification catalogues to date, including over 20 million of galaxies, using the Dark Energy Survey (DES) Year 3 data based on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN). Monochromatic i-band DES images with linear, logarithmic, and gradient scales, matched with debiased visual classifications from the Galaxy Zoo 1 (GZ1) catalogue, are used to train our CNN models. With a training set including bright galaxies (16 ≤ i < 18) at low redshift (z < 0.25), we furthermore investigate the limit of the accuracy of our predictions applied to galaxies at fainter magnitude and at higher redshifts. Our final catalogue covers magnitudes 16 ≤ i < 21, and redshifts z < 1.0, and provides predicted probabilities to two galaxy types – Ellipticals and Spirals (disk galaxies). Our CNN classifications reveal an accuracy of over 99% for bright galaxies when comparing with the GZ1 classifications (i < 18). For fainter galaxies, the visual classification carried out by three of the co-authors shows that the CNN classifier correctly categorises disky galaxies with rounder and blurred features, which humans often incorrectly visually classify as Ellipticals. As a part of the validation, we carry out one of the largest examination of non-parametric methods, including ∼100,000 galaxies with the same coverage of magnitude and redshift as the training set from our catalogue. We find that the Gini coefficient is the best single parameter discriminator between Ellipticals and Spirals for this data set.
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- 2021
318. Simulation of piston engine flows in realistic geometries
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Meinke, M., Abdelfattah, A., Krause, E., Araki, H., editor, Brézin, E., editor, Ehlers, J., editor, Frisch, U., editor, Hepp, K., editor, Jaffe, R. L., editor, Kippenhahn, R., editor, Weidenmüller, H. A., editor, Wess, J., editor, Zittartz, J., editor, Beiglböck, W., editor, Lehr, Sabine, editor, Kutler, Paul, editor, Flores, Jolen, editor, and Chattot, Jean-Jacques, editor
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- 1997
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319. Benchmark Computations of Laminar Flow Around a Cylinder
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Schäfer, M., Turek, S., Durst, F., Krause, E., Rannacher, R., Hirschel, Ernst Heinrich, editor, Fujii, Kozo, editor, van Leer, Bram, editor, Leschziner, Michael A., editor, Pandolfi, Maurizio, editor, Rizzi, Arthur, editor, and Roux, Bernard, editor
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- 1996
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320. Numerical Simulation of Incompressible Flows with the Method of Artificial Compressibility
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Weimer, M., Meinke, M., Krause, E., Hirschel, Ernst Heinrich, editor, Fujii, Kozo, editor, van Leer, Bram, editor, Leschziner, Michael A., editor, Pandolfi, Maurizio, editor, Rizzi, Arthur, editor, and Roux, Bernard, editor
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- 1996
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321. Parallelization of Solution Schemes for the Navier-Stokes Equations
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Hofhaus, J., Meinke, M., Krause, E., Hirschel, Ernst Heinrich, editor, Fujii, Kozo, editor, van Leer, Bram, editor, Leschziner, Michael A., editor, Pandolfi, Maurizio, editor, Rizzi, Arthur, editor, and Roux, Bernard, editor
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- 1996
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322. DES Y1 results: Splitting growth and geometry to test $\Lambda$CDM
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Muir, J., Baxter, E., Miranda, V, Doux, C., Ferte, A., Leonard, C. D., Huterer, D., Jain, B., Lemos, P., Raveri, M., Nadathur, S., Campos, A. [UNESP], Chen, A., Dodelson, S., Elvin-Poole, J., Lee, S., Secco, L. F., Troxel, M. A., Weaverdyck, N., Zuntz, J., Brout, D., Choi, A., Crocce, M., Davis, T. M., Gruen, D., Krause, E., Lidman, C., MacCrann, N., Moller, A., Prat, J., Ross, A. J., Sako, M., Samuroff, S., Sanchez, C., Scolnic, D., Zhang, B., Abbott, T. M. C., Aguena, M., Allam, S., Annis, J., Avila, S., Bacon, D., Bertin, E., Bhargava, S., Bridle, S. L., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Carnero Rosell, A., Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., Cawthon, R., Costanzi, M., Costa, L. N. da, Pereira, M. E. S., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Dietrich, J. P., Doel, P., Estrada, J., Everett, S., Evrard, A. E., Ferrero, I, Flaugher, B., Frieman, J., Garcia-Bellido, J., Giannantonio, T., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Hinton, S. R., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., Hoyle, B., James, D. J., Jeltema, T., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lahav, O., Lima, M., Maia, M. A. G., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Morgan, R., Myles, J., Palmese, A., Paz-Chinchon, F., Plazas, A. A., Romer, A. K., Roodman, A., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V, Serrano, S., Sevilla-Noarbe, I, Smith, M., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., To, C., Tucker, D. L., Varga, T. N., Weller, J., Wilkinson, R. D., DES Collaboration, Laboratoire de Physique de Clermont (LPC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DES, National Science Foundation (US), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), European Commission, Generalitat de Catalunya, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (Brasil), Stanford University, University of Hawaii, University of Arizona, University of Pennsylvania, California Institute of Technology, Newcastle University, University of Michigan, University College London, University of Chicago, University of Portsmouth, Carnegie Mellon University, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Ohio State University, Duke University, University of Edinburgh, Harvard and Smithsonian, Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), Institute of Space Sciences (ICE-CSIC, University of Queensland, 382 Via Pueblo Mall, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Australian National University, LPC, NSF's National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Laboratório Interinstitucional de E-Astronomia-LIneA, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris, University of Sussex, University of Manchester, Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, Universidad de la Laguna, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, National Center for Supercomputing Applications, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, Institute for Fundamental Physics of the Universe, Observatório Nacional, IIT Hyderabad, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, University of Oslo, University of Cambridge, Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Center for Astrophysics | Harvard and Smithsonian, Macquarie University, Lowell Observatory, Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Peyton Hall, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), University of Southampton, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Stanford Univ, Univ Hawaii, Univ Arizona, Univ Penn, CALTECH, Newcastle Univ, Univ Michigan, UCL, Univ Chicago, Univ Portsmouth, Carnegie Mellon Univ, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Ohio State Univ, Duke Univ, Univ Edinburgh, Harvard & Smithsonian, Inst Estudis Espacials Catalunya IEEC, CSIC, Univ Queensland, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Australian Natl Univ, Univ Clermont Auvergne, Cerro Tololo Interamer Observ, Lab Interinst E Astron LIneA, Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Univ Autonoma Madrid, Inst Astrophys Paris, Sorbonne Univ, Univ Sussex, Univ Manchester, Inst Astrofis Canarias, Univ La Laguna, Univ Illinois, Natl Ctr Supercomp Applicat, Barcelona Inst Sci & Technol, Univ Wisconsin, INAF Osservatorio Astron Trieste, Inst Fundamental Phys Universe, Observ Nacl, Ludwig Maximilians Univ Munchen, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Univ Oslo, Univ Cambridge, Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, Macquarie Univ, Lowell Observ, Inst Catalana Recerca & Estudis Avancats, Princeton Univ, Ctr Invest Energet Medioambientales & Tecnol CIEM, Univ Southampton, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, UAM. Departamento de Física Teórica, Muir, J., Baxter, E., Miranda, V., Doux, C., Ferte, A., Leonard, C. D., Huterer, D., Jain, B., Lemos, P., Raveri, M., Nadathur, S., Campos, A., Chen, A., Dodelson, S., Elvin-Poole, J., Lee, S., Secco, L. F., Troxel, M. A., Weaverdyck, N., Zuntz, J., Brout, D., Choi, A., Crocce, M., Davis, T. M., Gruen, D., Krause, E., Lidman, C., Maccrann, N., Moller, A., Prat, J., Ross, A. J., Sako, M., Samuroff, S., Sanchez, C., Scolnic, D., Zhang, B., Abbott, T. M. C., Aguena, M., Allam, S., Annis, J., Avila, S., Bacon, D., Bertin, E., Bhargava, S., Bridle, S. L., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Carnero Rosell, A., Carrasco Kind, M., Carretero, J., Cawthon, R., Costanzi, M., Da Costa, L. N., Pereira, M. E. S., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Dietrich, J. P., Doel, P., Estrada, J., Everett, S., Evrard, A. E., Ferrero, I., Flaugher, B., Frieman, J., Garcia-Bellido, J., Giannantonio, T., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Hinton, S. R., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., Hoyle, B., James, D. J., Jeltema, T., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lahav, O., Lima, M., Maia, M. A. G., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Morgan, R., Myles, J., Palmese, A., Paz-Chinchon, F., Plazas, A. A., Romer, A. K., Roodman, A., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Serrano, S., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, M., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., To, C., Tucker, D. L., Varga, T. N., Weller, J., and Wilkinson, R. D.
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General relativity ,Cosmological parameters ,Geometry ,Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics ,Lambda ,Sky surveys ,01 natural sciences ,Omega ,Evolution of the Universe ,Cosmology ,Cosmic microwave background ,Cosmologial constant ,symbols.namesake ,0103 physical sciences ,Dark energy ,RADIAÇÃO DE FUNDO ,Astrophysical studies of gravity ,Weak ,Large-scale structure of the Universe ,Planck ,010306 general physics ,Weak gravitational lensing ,Gravitational Lensing ,Physics ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,Física ,symbols ,Neutrino ,[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph] ,Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics - Abstract
Muir, J., et al. (DES Collaboration), We analyze Dark Energy Survey (DES) data to constrain a cosmological model where a subset of parameters - focusing on ωm - are split into versions associated with structure growth (e.g., ωmgrow) and expansion history (e.g., ωmgeo). Once the parameters have been specified for the ΛCDM cosmological model, which includes general relativity as a theory of gravity, it uniquely predicts the evolution of both geometry (distances) and the growth of structure over cosmic time. Any inconsistency between measurements of geometry and growth could therefore indicate a breakdown of that model. Our growth-geometry split approach therefore serves both as a (largely) model-independent test for beyond-ΛCDM physics, and as a means to characterize how DES observables provide cosmological information. We analyze the same multiprobe DES data as [Phys. Rev. Lett. 122, 171301 (2019)PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.122.171301]: DES Year 1 (Y1) galaxy clustering and weak lensing, which are sensitive to both growth and geometry, as well as Y1 BAO and Y3 supernovae, which probe geometry. We additionally include external geometric information from BOSS DR12 BAO and a compressed Planck 2015 likelihood, and external growth information from BOSS DR12 RSD. We find no significant disagreement with ωmgrow=ωmgeo. When DES and external data are analyzed separately, degeneracies with neutrino mass and intrinsic alignments limit our ability to measure ωmgrow, but combining DES with external data allows us to constrain both growth and geometric quantities. We also consider a parametrization where we split both ωm and w, but find that even our most constraining data combination is unable to separately constrain ωmgrow and wgrow. Relative to ΛCDM, splitting growth and geometry weakens bounds on σ8 but does not alter constraints on h., The DES data management system is supported by the National Science Foundation under Grants No. AST-1138766 and No. AST-1536171. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MICINN under Grants No. ESP2017-89838, No. PGC2018-094773, No. PGC2018-102021, No. SEV-2016-0588, No. SEV-2016-0597, and No. MDM-2015-0509, some of which include ERDF funds from the European Union. I. F. A. E. is partially funded by the CERCA program of the Generalitat de Catalunya. Research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) including ERC grant agreements No. 240672, No. 291329, and No. 306478. We acknowledge support from the Brazilian Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCT) do e-Universo (CNPq Grant No. 465376/2014-2).
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- 2021
323. Dark Energy Survey Year 3 results: Marginalisation over redshift distribution uncertainties using ranking of discrete realisations
- Author
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Cordero, Juan P., Harrison, Ian, Rollins, Richard P., Bernstein, G. M., Bridle, S. L., Alarcon, A., Alves, O., Amon, A., Andrade-Oliveira, F., Camacho, H., Campos, A., Choi, A., DeRose, J., Dodelson, S., Eckert, K., Eifler, T. F., Everett, S., Fang, X., Friedrich, O., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Hartley, W. G., Huff, E. M., Krause, E., Kuropatkin, N., MacCrann, N., McCullough, J., Myles, J., Pandey, S., Raveri, M., Rosenfeld, R., Rykoff, E. S., S��nchez, C., S��nchez, J., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Sheldon, E., Troxel, M., Wechsler, R., Yanny, B., Yin, B., Zhang, Y., Aguena, M., Allam, S., Bertin, E., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Rosell, A. Carnero, Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., Castander, F. J., Cawthon, R., Costanzi, M., da Costa, L., Pereira, M. E. da Silva, De Vicente, J., Diehl, H. T., Dietrich, J., Doel, P., Elvin-Poole, J., Ferrero, I., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., Garcia-Bellido, J., Gerdes, D., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Hinton, S., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., Hoyle, B., James, D., Kuehn, K., Lahav, O., Maia, M. A. G., March, M., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Morgan, R., Muir, J., Palmese, A., Paz-Chinchon, F., Pieres, A., Malag��n, A. Plazas, S��nchez, E., Scarpine, V., Serrano, S., Smith, M., Soares-Santos, M., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., To, C., Varga, T. N., UAM. Departamento de Física Teórica, European Commission, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US), Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo (Chile), Department of Energy (US), National Science Foundation (US), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), European Research Council, Generalitat de Catalunya, The University of Manchester, Denys Wilkinson Building, University of Edinburgh, University of Pennsylvania, Argonne National Laboratory, S/n, Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), University of Michigan, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 382 Via Pueblo Mall, Stanford University, Slac National Accelerator Laboratory, Laboratorio Interinstitucional de E-Astronomia-LIneA, Carnegie Mellon University, The Ohio State University, Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, 501 Campbell Hall, California Institute of Technology, University of Arizona, University of Cambridge, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, National Center for Supercomputing Applications, Université de Geneve, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, University of Chicago, Centro de Investigaciones Energeticas Medioambientales y Tecnologicas (CIEMAT), Bldg 510, Duke University, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris, University College London, Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, Dpto. Astrofísica, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, University of WisconsinMadison, INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, Institute for Fundamental Physics of the Universe, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat, University of Oslo, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, University of Queensland, Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians Universitat Munchen, Center for Astrophysics | Harvard &smithsonian, Macquarie University, Lowell Observatory, Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avancats, Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Observatorio Nacional, Peyton Hall, University of Southampton, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Portsmouth, Cordero, J. P., Harrison, I., Rollins, R. P., Bernstein, G. M., Bridle, S. L., Alarcon, A., Alves, O., Amon, A., Andrade-Oliveira, F., Camacho, H., Campos, A., Choi, A., Derose, J., Dodelson, S., Eckert, K., Eifler, T. F., Everett, S., Fang, X., Friedrich, O., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Hartley, W. G., Huff, E. M., Krause, E., Kuropatkin, N., Maccrann, N., Mccullough, J., Myles, J., Pandey, S., Raveri, M., Rosenfeld, R., Rykoff, E. S., Sanchez, C., Sanchez, J., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Sheldon, E., Troxel, M., Wechsler, R., Yanny, B., Yin, B., Zhang, Y., Aguena, M., Allam, S., Bertin, E., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Carnero Rosell, A., Carrasco Kind, M., Carretero, J., Castander, F. J., Cawthon, R., Costanzi, M., Da Costa, L., Da Silva Pereira, M. E., De Vicente, J., Diehl, H. T., Dietrich, J., Doel, P., Elvin-Poole, J., Ferrero, I., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., Garcia-Bellido, J., Gerdes, D., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Hinton, S., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., Hoyle, B., James, D., Kuehn, K., Lahav, O., Maia, M. A. G., March, M., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Morgan, R., Muir, J., Palmese, A., Paz-Chinchon, F., Pieres, A., Plazas Malagon, A., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Serrano, S., Smith, M., Soares-Santos, M., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., To, C., and Varga, T. N.
- Subjects
numerical [Methods] ,Large-Scale Structure of Universe ,Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO) ,Large-scale structure of Universe ,Gravitational Lensing: Weak ,distances and redshift [Galaxies] ,Galaxies: distances and redshifts ,Gravitational lensing: weak ,Methods: numerical ,Física ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Astronomy and Astrophysics ,Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics ,01 natural sciences ,Galaxies: Distances and Redshifts ,Space and Planetary Science ,Methods: Numerical ,0103 physical sciences ,distances and redshifts [Galaxies] ,Large-scale structure of the Universe ,weak [Gravitational lensing] ,010306 general physics ,010303 astronomy & astrophysics ,Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics - Abstract
DES Collaboration: J. P. Cordero et al., Cosmological information from weak lensing surveys is maximized by sorting source galaxies into tomographic redshift subsamples. Any uncertainties on these redshift distributions must be correctly propagated into the cosmological results. We present HYPERRANK, a new method for marginalizing over redshift distribution uncertainties, using discrete samples from the space of all possible redshift distributions, improving over simple parametrized models. In HYPERRANK, the set of proposed redshift distributions is ranked according to a small (between one and four) number of summary values, which are then sampled, along with other nuisance parameters and cosmological parameters in the Monte Carlo chain used for inference. This approach can be regarded as a general method for marginalizing over discrete realizations of data vector variation with nuisance parameters, which can consequently be sampled separately from the main parameters of interest, allowing for increased computational efficiency. We focus on the case of weak lensing cosmic shear analyses and demonstrate our method using simulations made for the Dark Energy Survey (DES). We show that the method can correctly and efficiently marginalize over a wide range of models for the redshift distribution uncertainty. Finally, we compare HYPERRANK to the common mean-shifting method of marginalizing over redshift uncertainty, validating that this simpler model is sufficient for use in the DES Year 3 cosmology results presented in companion papers., This research manuscript made use of ASTROPY (Astropy Collaboration 2013; Astropy Collaboration & Astropy Contributors 2018), ChainConsumer1 (Hinton 2016), and Matplotlib (Hunter 2007), and has been prepared using NASA’s Astrophysics Data System Bibliographic Services. IH, RR, and SB acknowledge support from the European Research Council in the form of a Consolidator Grant with number 681431. IH also acknowledges support from the Beecroft Trust. JPC acknowledges support granted by Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo (ANID) DOCTORADO BECAS CHILE/2016 - 72170279. Funding for the DES Projects has been provided by the U.S. Department of Energy, the U.S. National Science Foundation, the Ministry of Science and Education of Spain, the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom, the Higher Education Funding Council for England, the National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, the Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics at the Ohio State University, the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy at Texas A&M University, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos, Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico and the Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft and the Collaborating Institutions in the Dark Energy Survey. The Collaborating Institutions are Argonne National Laboratory, the University of California at Santa Cruz, the University of Cambridge, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas-Madrid, the University of Chicago, University College London, the DES-Brazil Consortium, the University of Edinburgh, the Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zürich, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Institut de Ciències de l’Espai (IEEC/CSIC), the Institut de Física d’Altes Energies, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, the Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München and the associated Excellence Cluster Universe, the University of Michigan, NSF’s NOIRLab, the University of Nottingham, The Ohio State University, the University of Pennsylvania, the University of Portsmouth, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, the University of Sussex, Texas A&M University, and the OzDES Membership Consortium. Based in part on observations at Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory at NSF’s NOIRLab (NOIRLab Prop. ID 2012B-0001; PI: J. Frieman), which is managed by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation. The DES data management system is supported by the National Science Foundation under grant numbers AST-1138766 and AST-1536171. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MICINN under grants ESP2017-89838, PGC2018-094773, PGC2018-102021, SEV-2016-0588, SEV-2016-0597, and MDM-2015-0509, some of which include ERDF funds from the European Union. IFAE is partially funded by the CERCA program of the Generalitat de Catalunya. Research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013), including ERC grant agreements 240672, 291329, and 306478. We acknowledge support from the Brazilian Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCT) do e-Universo (CNPq grant 465376/2014-2). This manuscript has been authored by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics.
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- 2021
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324. Dark Energy Survey Year 3 Results: Exploiting small-scale information with lensing shear ratios
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Sánchez, C., Prat, J., Zacharegkas, G., Pandey, S., Baxter, E., Bernstein, G. M., Blazek, J., Cawthon, R., Chang, C., Krause, E., Lemos, P., Park, Y., Raveri, M., Sanchez, J., Troxel, M. A., Amon, A., Fang, X., Friedrich, O., Gruen, D., Porredon, A., Secco, L. F., Samuroff, S., Alarcon, A., Alves, O., Andrade-Oliveira, F., Bechtol, K., Becker, M. R., Camacho, H., Campos, A., Carnero Rosell, A., Carrasco Kind, M., Chen, R., Choi, A., Crocce, M., Davis, C., De Vicente, J., Derose, J., Di Valentino, E., Diehl, H. T., Dodelson, S., Doux, C., Drlica-Wagner, A., Eckert, K., Eifler, T. F., Elsner, F., Elvin-Poole, J., Everett, S., Ferté, A., Fosalba, P., Gatti, M., Giannini, G., Gruendl, R. A., Harrison, I., Hartley, W. G., Herner, K., Huff, E. M., Huterer, D., Jarvis, M., Jain, B., Kuropatkin, N., Leget, P. -F., Maccrann, N., Mccullough, J., Muir, J., Myles, J., Navarro-Alsina, A., Rollins, R. P., Roodman, A., Rosenfeld, R., Rykoff, E. S., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Sheldon, E., Shin, T., Troja, A., Tutusaus, I., Varga, T. N., Wechsler, R. H., Yanny, B., Yin, B., Zhang, Y., Zuntz, J., Abbott, T. M. C., Aguena, M., Allam, S., Bacon, D., Bertin, E., Bhargava, S., Brooks, D., Buckley-Geer, E., Burke, D. L., Carretero, J., Costanzi, M., da Costa, L. N., Pereira, M. E. S., Desai, S., Dietrich, J. P., Doel, P., Evrard, A. E., Ferrero, I., Flaugher, B., Frieman, J., García-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gerdes, D. W., Giannantonio, T., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Hinton, S. R., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., Hoyle, B., James, D. J., Kuehn, K., Lahav, O., Lima, M., Lin, H., Maia, M. A. G., Marshall, J. L., Martini, P., Melchior, P., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Mohr, J. J., Morgan, R., Palmese, A., Paz-Chinchón, F., Petravick, D., Pieres, A., Plazas Malagón, A. A., Rodriguez-Monroy, M., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Schubnell, M., Serrano, S., Smith, M., Soares-Santos, M., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., To, C., Des, Collaboration, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DES, National Science Foundation (US), Department of Energy (US), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Research Council, Generalitat de Catalunya, European Commission, A Sánchez, C., Prat, J., Zacharegkas, G., Pandey, S., Baxter, E., Bernstein, G. M., Blazek, J., Cawthon, R., Chang, C., Krause, E., Lemos, P., Park, Y., Raveri, M., Sanchez, J., Troxel, M. A., Amon, A., Fang, X., Friedrich, O., Gruen, D., Porredon, A., Secco, L. F., Samuroff, S., Alarcon, A., Alves, O., Andrade-Oliveira, F., Bechtol, K., Becker, M. R., Camacho, H., Campos, A., Carnero Rosell, A., Carrasco Kind, M., Chen, R., Choi, A., Crocce, M., Davis, C., De Vicente, J., Derose, J., Di Valentino, E., Diehl, H. T., Dodelson, S., Doux, C., Drlica-Wagner, A., Eckert, K., Eifler, T. F., Elsner, F., Elvin-Poole, J., Everett, S., Ferté, A., Fosalba, P., Gatti, M., Giannini, G., Gruendl, R. A., Harrison, I., Hartley, W. G., Herner, K., Huff, E. M., Huterer, D., Jarvis, M., Jain, B., Kuropatkin, N., Leget, P. -F., Maccrann, N., Mccullough, J., Muir, J., Myles, J., Navarro-Alsina, A., Rollins, R. P., Roodman, A., Rosenfeld, R., Rykoff, E. S., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Sheldon, E., Shin, T., Troja, A., Tutusaus, I., Varga, T. N., Wechsler, R. H., Yanny, B., Yin, B., Zhang, Y., Zuntz, J., Abbott, T. M. C., Aguena, M., Allam, S., Bacon, D., Bertin, E., Bhargava, S., Brooks, D., Buckley- Geer, E., Burke, D. L., Carretero, J., Costanzi, M., da Costa, L. N., Pereira, M. E. S., Desai, S., Dietrich, J. P., Doel, P., Evrard, A. E., Ferrero, I., Flaugher, B., Frieman, J., García-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gerdes, D. W., Giannantonio, T., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Hinton, S. R., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., Hoyle, B., James, D. J., Kuehn, K., Lahav, O., Lima, M., Lin, H., Maia, M. A. G., Marshall, J. L., Martini, P., Melchior, P., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Mohr, J. J., Morgan, R., Palmese, A., Paz-Chinchón, F., Petravick, D., Pieres, A., Plazas Malagón, A. A., Rodriguez-Monroy, M., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Schubnell, M., Serrano, S., Smith, M., Soares-Santos, M., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., To, C., and UAM. Departamento de Física Teórica
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Gravitational Lensing ,mice ,Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO) ,challenge lightcone simulation ,halo ,Física ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics ,calibration ,Astrophysics ,Dark Energy ,Astrophysic ,Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics ,statistics ,galaxies ,luminosity ,Weak ,baryonic feedback ,constraints ,[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph] ,intrinsic alignments ,Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics - Abstract
C. Sánchez et al., Using the first three years of data from the Dark Energy Survey (DES), we use ratios of small-scale galaxy-galaxy lensing measurements around the same lens sample to constrain source redshift uncertainties, intrinsic alignments and other systematics or nuisance parameters of our model. Instead of using a simple geometric approach for the ratios as has been done in the past, we use the full modeling of the galaxy-galaxy lensing measurements, including the corresponding integration over the power spectrum and the contributions from intrinsic alignments and lens magnification. We perform extensive testing of the small-scale shear-ratio (SR) modeling by studying the impact of different effects such as the inclusion of baryonic physics, nonlinear biasing, halo occupation distribution descriptions and lens magnification, among others, and using realistic N-body simulations of the DES data. We validate the robustness of our constraints in the data by using two independent lens samples with different galaxy properties, and by deriving constraints using the corresponding large-scale ratios for which the modeling is simpler. The results applied to the DES Y3 data demonstrate how the ratios provide significant improvements in constraining power for several nuisance parameters in our model, especially on source redshift calibration and intrinsic alignments. For source redshifts, SR improves the constraints from the prior by up to 38% in some redshift bins. Such improvements, and especially the constraints it provides on intrinsic alignments, translate to tighter cosmological constraints when shear ratios are combined with cosmic shear and other 2pt functions. In particular, for the DES Y3 data, SR improves S8 constraints from cosmic shear by up to 31%, and for the full combination of probes (3×2pt) by up to 10%. The shear ratios presented in this work are used as an additional likelihood for cosmic shear, 2×2pt and the full 3×2pt in the fiducial DES Y3 cosmological analysis., C. S. is supported by Grant No. AST-1615555 from the U.S. National Science Foundation, and Grant No. DESC0007901 from the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). J. P. is supported by DOE Grant No. DE-SC0021429. Funding for the DES Projects has been provided by the U.S. Department of Energy, the U.S. National Science Foundation, the Ministry of Science and Education of Spain, the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom, the Higher Education Funding Council for England, the National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at UrbanaChampaign, the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, the Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics at the Ohio State University, the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy at Texas A&M University, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos, Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico and the Ministerio da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft and the Collaborating Institutions in the Dark Energy Survey. The Collaborating institutions are Argonne National Laboratory, the University of California at Santa Cruz, the University of Cambridge, Centro de Investigaciones Energeticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas-Madrid, the University of Chicago, University College London, the DESBrazil Consortium, the University of Edinburgh, the Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zürich, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Institut de Ci`encies de l’Espai (IEEC/CSIC), the Institut de Física d’Altes Energies, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, the Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München and the associated Excellence Cluster Universe, the University of Michigan, the National Optical Astronomy Observatory, the University of Nottingham, The Ohio State UniverFIG. 16. Correlation matrix for the lensing ratios, on the left panel using the REDMAGIC lens sample and on the right panel using the MAGLIM sample. sity, the University of Pennsylvania, the University of Portsmouth, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, the University of Sussex, Texas A&M University, and the OzDES Membership Consortium. The DES data management system is supported by the National Science Foundation under Grants No. AST1138766 and No. AST-1536171. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MINECO under Grants No. AYA2015-71825, No. ESP2015-88861, No. FPA2015-68048, No. SEV2012-0234, No. SEV-2016-0597, and No. MDM-20150509, some of which include ERDF funds from the European Union. IFAE is partially funded by the CERCA program of the Generalitat de Catalunya. Research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) including ERC Grants Agreement No. 240672, No. 291329, and No. 306478.
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325. Dark Energy Survey Year 3 Results: Galaxy clustering and systematics treatment for lens galaxy samples
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Rodriguez-Monroy M., Weaverdyck N., Elvin-Poole J., Crocce M., Carnero Rosell A., Andrade-Oliveira F., Avila S., Bechtol K., Bernstein G. M., Blazek J., Camacho H., Cawthon R., De Vicente J., Derose J., Dodelson S., Everett S., Fang X., Ferrero I., Ferte A., Friedrich O., Gaztanaga E., Giannini G., Gruendl R. A., Hartley W. G., Herner K., Huff E. M., Jarvis M., Krause E., MacCrann N., Mena-Fernandez J., Muir J., Pandey S., Park Y., Porredon A., Prat J., Rosenfeld R., Ross A. J., Rozo E., Rykoff E. S., Sanchez E., Sanchez Cid D., Sevilla-Noarbe I., Tabbutt M., To C., Wagoner E. L., Wechsler R. H., Aguena M., Allam S., Amon A., Annis J., Bacon D., Baxter E., Bertin E., Bhargava S., Brooks D., Burke D. L., Carrasco Kind M., Carretero J., Castander F. J., Choi A., Conselice C., Costanzi M., Da Costa L. N., Pereira M. E. S., Desai S., Diehl H. T., Flaugher B., Fosalba P., Frieman J., Garcia-Bellido J., Giannantonio T., Gruen D., Gschwend J., Gutierrez G., Hinton S. R., Hollowood D. L., Honscheid K., Huterer D., Jain B., James D. J., Kuehn K., Kuropatkin N., Lima M., Maia M. A. G., March M., Marshall J. L., Melchior P., Menanteau F., Miller C. J., Miquel R., Mohr J. J., Morgan R., Palmese A., Paz-Chinchon F., Pieres A., Plazas Malagon A. A., Roodman A., Scarpine V., Serrano S., Smith M., Soares-Santos M., Suchyta E., Tarle G., Thomas D., Varga T. N., UAM. Departamento de Física Teórica, National Science Foundation (US), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), European Research Council, European Commission, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (España), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US), Generalitat de Catalunya, Medioambientales y Tecnologicas (CIEMAT), University of Michigan, The Ohio State University, Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), S/n, Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, Laboratorio Interinstitucional de E-Astronomia-LIneA, Dpto. Astrofísica, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, University of WisconsinMadison, University of Pennsylvania, Northeastern University, Observatoire de Sauverny, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Carnegie Mellon University, Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, University of Arizona, University of Oslo, California Institute of Technology, University of Cambridge, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, National Center for Supercomputing Applications, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Geneva, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, The University of Tokyo, University of Chicago, Slac National Accelerator Laboratory, 382 Via Pueblo Mall, University of Portsmouth, University of Hawai'i, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris, University of Sussex, University College London, University of Manchester, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Trieste, INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, Institute for Fundamental Physics of the Universe, Observatorio Nacional, Iit Hyderabad, University of Queensland, Center for Astrophysics | Harvard &smithsonian, Macquarie University, Lowell Observatory, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Texas A &m University, Peyton Hall, Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avancats, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat, Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, University of Southampton, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Ludwig-Maximilians Universitat Munchen, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DES, Rodriguez-Monroy, M., Weaverdyck, N., Elvin-Poole, J., Crocce, M., Carnero Rosell, A., Andrade-Oliveira, F., Avila, S., Bechtol, K., Bernstein, G. M., Blazek, J., Camacho, H., Cawthon, R., De Vicente, J., Derose, J., Dodelson, S., Everett, S., Fang, X., Ferrero, I., Ferte, A., Friedrich, O., Gaztanaga, E., Giannini, G., Gruendl, R. A., Hartley, W. G., Herner, K., Huff, E. M., Jarvis, M., Krause, E., Maccrann, N., Mena-Fernandez, J., Muir, J., Pandey, S., Park, Y., Porredon, A., Prat, J., Rosenfeld, R., Ross, A. J., Rozo, E., Rykoff, E. S., Sanchez, E., Sanchez Cid, D., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Tabbutt, M., To, C., Wagoner, E. L., Wechsler, R. H., Aguena, M., Allam, S., Amon, A., Annis, J., Bacon, D., Baxter, E., Bertin, E., Bhargava, S., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Carrasco Kind, M., Carretero, J., Castander, F. J., Choi, A., Conselice, C., Costanzi, M., Da Costa, L. N., Pereira, M. E. S., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., Garcia-Bellido, J., Giannantonio, T., Gruen, D., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Hinton, S. R., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., Huterer, D., Jain, B., James, D. J., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lima, M., Maia, M. A. G., March, M., Marshall, J. L., Melchior, P., Menanteau, F., Miller, C. J., Miquel, R., Mohr, J. J., Morgan, R., Palmese, A., Paz-Chinchon, F., Pieres, A., Plazas Malagon, A. A., Roodman, A., Scarpine, V., Serrano, S., Smith, M., Soares-Santos, M., Suchyta, E., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., and Varga, T. N.
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Cosmological parameter ,Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO) ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,FOS: Physical sciences ,observation [Cosmology] ,Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics ,power spectrum ,01 natural sciences ,Observations [Cosmology] ,Cosmological parameters ,Cosmology: observations ,Dark energy ,Large-scale structure of the Universe ,mitigation ,0103 physical sciences ,emission ,scale structure catalogs ,cosmological parameters ,dark energy ,Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,Física ,Astronomy and Astrophysics ,redshift ,uncertainties ,Dark Energy ,Space and Planetary Science ,cosmology: observations ,Cosmological Parameters ,large-scale structure of the universe ,[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph] ,constraints ,Large-Scale Structure of the Universe ,cosmology ,Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics - Abstract
DES Collaboration: M. Rodríguez-Monroy, N. Weaverdyck, J. Elvin-Poole et al., In this work, we present the galaxy clustering measurements of the two DES lens galaxy samples: a magnitude-limited sample optimized for the measurement of cosmological parameters, MAGLIM, and a sample of luminous red galaxies selected with the REDMAGIC algorithm. MAGLIM/REDMAGIC sample contains over 10 million/2.5 million galaxies and is divided into six/five photometric redshift bins spanning the range z ∈ [0.20, 1.05]/z ∈ [0.15, 0.90]. Both samples cover 4143 deg2 over which we perform our analysis blind, measuring the angular correlation function with an S/N ∼ 63 for both samples. In a companion paper, these measurements of galaxy clustering are combined with the correlation functions of cosmic shear and galaxy–galaxy lensing of each sample to place cosmological constraints with a 3 × 2pt analysis. We conduct a thorough study of the mitigation of systematic effects caused by the spatially varying survey properties and we correct the measurements to remove artificial clustering signals. We employ several decontamination methods with different configurations to ensure the robustness of our corrections and to determine the systematic uncertainty that needs to be considered for the final cosmology analyses. We validate our fiducial methodology using lognormal mocks, showing that our decontamination procedure induces biases no greater than 0.5σ in the (Ωm, b) plane, where b is the galaxy bias., Funding for the Dark Energy Survey Projects has been provided by the US Department of Energy, the US National Science Foundation, the Ministry of Science and Education of Spain, the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom, the Higher Education Funding Council for England, the National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, the Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics at the Ohio State University, the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy at Texas A&M University, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos, Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico and the Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, and the Collaborating Institutions in the Dark Energy Survey. The Collaborating Institutions are Argonne National Laboratory, the University of California at Santa Cruz, the University of Cambridge, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas-Madrid, the University of Chicago, University College London, the DES-Brazil Consortium, the University of Edinburgh, the Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zürich, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Institut de Ciències de l’Espai (IEEC/CSIC), the Institut de Física d’Altes Energies, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, the Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München and the associated Excellence Cluster Universe, the University of Michigan, NFS’s NOIRLab, the University of Nottingham, The Ohio State University, the University of Pennsylvania, the University of Portsmouth, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, the University of Sussex, Texas A&M University, and the OzDES Membership Consortium. This paper is based in part on observations at Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory at NSF’s NOIRLab (NOIRLab Prop. ID 2012B-0001; PI: J. Frieman), which is managed by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation. The DES data management system is supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant Numbers AST-1138766 and AST-1536171. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MICINN under grants ESP2017-89838, PGC2018-094773, PGC2018-102021, SEV-2016-0588, SEV-2016-0597, and MDM-2015-0509, some of which include ERDF funds from the European Union. IFAE is partially funded by the CERCA program of the Generalitat de Catalunya. Research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) including ERC grant agreements 240672, 291329, and 306478. We acknowledge support from the Brazilian Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCT) do e-Universo (CNPq grant 465376/2014-2). This paper has been authored by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics.
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- 2021
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326. Computer Vision for Detection of Body Posture and Behavior of Red Foxes
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Schütz, Anne K., primary, Krause, E. Tobias, additional, Fischer, Mareike, additional, Müller, Thomas, additional, Freuling, Conrad M., additional, Conraths, Franz J., additional, Homeier-Bachmann, Timo, additional, and Lentz, Hartmut H. K., additional
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- 2022
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327. Dark Energy Survey Year 3 Results: Measuring the Survey Transfer Function with Balrog
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Everett, S., primary, Yanny, B., additional, Kuropatkin, N., additional, Huff, E. M., additional, Zhang, Y., additional, Myles, J., additional, Masegian, A., additional, Elvin-Poole, J., additional, Allam, S., additional, Bernstein, G. M., additional, Sevilla-Noarbe, I., additional, Splettstoesser, M., additional, Sheldon, E., additional, Jarvis, M., additional, Amon, A., additional, Harrison, I., additional, Choi, A., additional, Hartley, W. G., additional, Alarcon, A., additional, Sánchez, C., additional, Gruen, D., additional, Eckert, K., additional, Prat, J., additional, Tabbutt, M., additional, Busti, V., additional, Becker, M. R., additional, MacCrann, N., additional, Diehl, H. T., additional, Tucker, D. L., additional, Bertin, E., additional, Jeltema, T., additional, Drlica-Wagner, A., additional, Gruendl, R. A., additional, Bechtol, K., additional, Rosell, A. Carnero, additional, Abbott, T. M. C., additional, Aguena, M., additional, Annis, J., additional, Bacon, D., additional, Bhargava, S., additional, Brooks, D., additional, Burke, D. L., additional, Kind, M. Carrasco, additional, Carretero, J., additional, Castander, F. J., additional, Conselice, C., additional, Costanzi, M., additional, da Costa, L. N., additional, Pereira, M. E. S., additional, De Vicente, J., additional, DeRose, J., additional, Desai, S., additional, Eifler, T. F., additional, Evrard, A. E., additional, Ferrero, I., additional, Fosalba, P., additional, Frieman, J., additional, García-Bellido, J., additional, Gaztanaga, E., additional, Gerdes, D. W., additional, Gutierrez, G., additional, Hinton, S. R., additional, Hollowood, D. L., additional, Honscheid, K., additional, Huterer, D., additional, James, D. J., additional, Kent, S., additional, Krause, E., additional, Kuehn, K., additional, Lahav, O., additional, Lima, M., additional, Lin, H., additional, Maia, M. A. G., additional, Marshall, J. L., additional, Melchior, P., additional, Menanteau, F., additional, Miquel, R., additional, Mohr, J. J., additional, Morgan, R., additional, Muir, J., additional, Ogando, R. L. C., additional, Palmese, A., additional, Paz-Chinchón, F., additional, Plazas, A. A., additional, Rodriguez-Monroy, M., additional, Romer, A. K., additional, Roodman, A., additional, Sanchez, E., additional, Scarpine, V., additional, Serrano, S., additional, Smith, M., additional, Soares-Santos, M., additional, Suchyta, E., additional, Swanson, M. E. C., additional, Tarle, G., additional, To, C., additional, Troxel, M. A., additional, Varga, T. N., additional, Weller, J., additional, and Wilkinson, R. D., additional
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- 2022
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328. Lensing without borders – I. A blind comparison of the amplitude of galaxy–galaxy lensing between independent imaging surveys
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Leauthaud, A, primary, Amon, A, additional, Singh, S, additional, Gruen, D, additional, Lange, J U, additional, Huang, S, additional, Robertson, N C, additional, Varga, T N, additional, Luo, Y, additional, Heymans, C, additional, Hildebrandt, H, additional, Blake, C, additional, Aguena, M, additional, Allam, S, additional, Andrade-Oliveira, F, additional, Annis, J, additional, Bertin, E, additional, Bhargava, S, additional, Blazek, J, additional, Bridle, S L, additional, Brooks, D, additional, Burke, D L, additional, Rosell, A Carnero, additional, Carrasco Kind, M, additional, Carretero, J, additional, Castander, F J, additional, Cawthon, R, additional, Choi, A, additional, Costanzi, M, additional, da Costa, L N, additional, Pereira, M E S, additional, Davis, C, additional, De Vicente, J, additional, DeRose, J, additional, Diehl, H T, additional, Dietrich, J P, additional, Doel, P, additional, Eckert, K, additional, Everett, S, additional, Evrard, A E, additional, Ferrero, I, additional, Flaugher, B, additional, Fosalba, P, additional, García-Bellido, J, additional, Gatti, M, additional, Gaztanaga, E, additional, Gruendl, R A, additional, Gschwend, J, additional, Hartley, W G, additional, Hollowood, D L, additional, Honscheid, K, additional, Jain, B, additional, James, D J, additional, Jarvis, M, additional, Joachimi, B, additional, Kannawadi, A, additional, Kim, A G, additional, Krause, E, additional, Kuehn, K, additional, Kuijken, K, additional, Kuropatkin, N, additional, Lima, M, additional, MacCrann, N, additional, Maia, M A G, additional, Makler, M, additional, March, M, additional, Marshall, J L, additional, Melchior, P, additional, Menanteau, F, additional, Miquel, R, additional, Miyatake, H, additional, Mohr, J J, additional, Moraes, B, additional, More, S, additional, Surhud, M, additional, Morgan, R, additional, Myles, J, additional, Ogando, R L C, additional, Palmese, A, additional, Paz-Chinchón, F, additional, Malagón, A A Plazas, additional, Prat, J, additional, Rau, M M, additional, Rhodes, J, additional, Rodriguez-Monroy, M, additional, Roodman, A, additional, Ross, A J, additional, Samuroff, S, additional, Sánchez, C, additional, Sanchez, E, additional, Scarpine, V, additional, Schlegel, D J, additional, Schubnell, M, additional, Serrano, S, additional, Sevilla-Noarbe, I, additional, Sifón, C, additional, Smith, M, additional, Speagle, J S, additional, Suchyta, E, additional, Tarle, G, additional, Thomas, D, additional, Tinker, J, additional, To, C, additional, Troxel, M A, additional, Van Waerbeke, L, additional, Vielzeuf, P, additional, and Wright, A H, additional
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- 2021
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329. The Effects of Refilling Additional Rooting Material on Exploration Duration and Tail Damages in Rearing and Fattening Pigs
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Kauselmann, Karen, primary, Schrader, Lars, additional, Schrade, Hansjörg, additional, and Krause, E. Tobias, additional
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- 2021
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330. High-Performance Computing in Fluid Mechanics
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Krause, E., Hirschel, Ernst Heinrich, editor, Fujii, Kozo, editor, van Leer, Bram, editor, Morton, Keith William, editor, Pandolfi, Maurizio, editor, Rizzi, Arthur, editor, Roux, Bernard, editor, Griebel, Michael, editor, and Zenger, Christoph, editor
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331. Medizinische Hochschulbibliotheken in Zeiten von Corona: ein kollegialer Austausch nach einem Jahr Pandemie
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Wille, F, Krause, E, and Weiner, O
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medical libraries ,Rückblick ,ddc: 610 ,corona pandemic ,Corona-Pandemie ,Bibliothek ,medizinische Hochschulbibliotheken ,review ,library ,Corona ,ddc:610 - Abstract
The confrontation with the changes brought about by corona is an omnipresent topic, it permeates everyday life and affects us personally and professionally on many levels. On this occasion, we are looking at the past corona year from three perspectives in a collegial exchange and using single aspects to shed light on the relevance for the current and future situation of medical university libraries. As staff in medical libraries, we have not been and will not be affected existentially by the restrictions associated with the lockdowns, and yet we are in a special situation. Our customers are often the "heroes" of the pandemic or are at least on the way to becoming so through their studies or training. Our main user groups - scientists, doctors, nurses, students - could only make limited use of our services and our media offerings and this in a situation in which the importance of their work became particularly clear to the rest of us. Against this background, the discussion around the opening of medical libraries has been and continues to be, in part, emotionally motivated. And the discrepancy between what seemed reasonable with regard to the pandemic situation and what was considered necessary with regard to the important role of libraries in educating medical professionals could not always be resolved to everyone's satisfaction. In light of this, reflecting on one year of corona from the viewpoint of medical libraries appears to hold merit. Highlighting the significance of academic libraries, especially in the context of university medicine, may lead to new insights applicable in the implementation of future strategies. Die Konfrontation mit den Veränderungen durch Corona ist ein allgegenwärtiges Thema, es durchzieht Alltägliches, betrifft uns persönlich und beruflich auf vielen Ebenen. Aus diesem Anlass schauen wir in einem kollegialen Austausch aus drei Perspektiven auf das vergangene Corona-Jahr und beleuchten anhand einzelner Aspekte die Relevanz für die gegenwärtige und zukünftige Situation von medizinischen Hochschulbibliotheken. Als Mitarbeiter:innen in medizinischen Fachbibliotheken werden wir meist nicht existenziell durch die mit den Lockdowns verbundenen Einschränkungen betroffen und dennoch sind wir in einer besonderen Situation: Unsere Kund:innen sind häufig die "Held:innen" der Pandemie oder sie sind zumindest auf dem Weg, dies durch ihr Studium oder ihre Ausbildung zu werden. Unsere Hauptnutzer:innengruppen - Wissenschaftler:innen, Mediziner:innen, Pflegende, Studierende - können unsere Services und unser Medienangebot nur noch eingeschränkt wahrnehmen und das in einer Situation, in der der Stellenwert ihrer Arbeit uns anderen besonders bewusst ist. Vor diesem Hintergrund wird die Diskussion rund um die Öffnung von Medizinbibliotheken teilweise emotional geführt und die Schere zwischen dem, was angesichts der pandemischen Situation vernünftig zu sein scheint und dem, was angesichts der wichtigen Rolle von Bibliotheken in der Ausbildung von medizinischem Fachpersonal als notwendig erachtet wird, lässt sich nicht immer zur Zufriedenheit aller schließen. Angesichts dessen scheint ein Blick auf ein Jahr Corona aus Sicht von medizinischen Fachbibliotheken sinnvoll und vielleicht sogar mit der Chance verbunden, sich der Relevanz von wissenschaftlichen Bibliotheken besonders im Umfeld von Universitätsmedizin bewusst zu werden und die neu gewonnenen Erkenntnisse in zukünftigen Strategien umzusetzen.
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- 2021
332. The mass and galaxy distribution around SZ-selected clusters
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Shin, T, Jain, B, Adhikari, S, Baxter, EJ, Chang, C, Pandey, S, Salcedo, A, Weinberg, DH, Amsellem, A, Battaglia, N, Belyakov, M, Dacunha, T, Goldstein, S, Kravtsov, AV, Varga, TN, Abbott, TMC, Aguena, M, Alarcon, A, Allam, S, Amon, A, Andrade-Oliveira, F, Annis, J, Bacon, D, Bechtol, K, Becker, MR, Bernstein, GM, Bertin, E, Bocquet, S, Bond, JR, Brooks, D, Buckley-Geer, E, Burke, DL, Campos, A, Rosell, A Carnero, Kind, M Carrasco, Carretero, J, Chen, R, Choi, A, Costanzi, M, da Costa, LN, DeRose, J, Desai, S, De Vicente, J, Devlin, MJ, Diehl, HT, Dietrich, JP, Dodelson, S, Doel, P, Doux, C, Drlica-Wagner, A, Eckert, K, Elvin-Poole, J, Everett, S, Ferraro, S, Ferrero, I, Ferté, A, Flaugher, B, Frieman, J, Gallardo, PA, Gatti, M, Gaztanaga, E, Gerdes, DW, Gruen, D, Gruendl, RA, Gutierrez, G, Harrison, I, Hartley, WG, Hill, JC, Hilton, M, Hinton, SR, Hollowood, DL, Hughes, JP, James, DJ, Jarvis, M, Jeltema, T, Koopman, BJ, Krause, E, Kuehn, K, Kuropatkin, N, Lahav, O, Lima, M, Lokken, M, MacCrann, N, Madhavacheril, MS, Maia, MAG, McCullough, J, McMahon, J, Melchior, P, Menanteau, F, Miquel, R, Mohr, JJ, Moodley, K, Morgan, R, Myles, J, Nati, F, Navarro-Alsina, A, Niemack, MD, Ogando, RLC, Page, LA, and Palmese, A
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clusters: general [galaxies] ,Astronomy & Astrophysics ,evolution [galaxies] ,observations [cosmology] ,Astronomical and Space Sciences - Abstract
We present measurements of the radial profiles of the mass and galaxy number density around Sunyaev–Zel’dovich (SZ)-selected clusters using both weak lensing and galaxy counts. The clusters are selected from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope Data Release 5 and the galaxies from the Dark Energy Survey Year 3 data set. With signal-to-noise ratio of 62 (45) for galaxy (weak lensing) profiles over scales of about 0.2–20 h-1 Mpc, these are the highest precision measurements for SZ-selected clusters to date. Because SZ selection closely approximates mass selection, these measurements enable several tests of theoretical models of the mass and light distribution around clusters. Our main findings are: (1) The splashback feature is detected at a consistent location in both the mass and galaxy profiles and its location is consistent with predictions of cold dark matter N-body simulations. (2) The full mass profile is also consistent with the simulations. (3) The shapes of the galaxy and lensing profiles are remarkably similar for our sample over the entire range of scales, from well inside the cluster halo to the quasilinear regime. We measure the dependence of the profile shapes on the galaxy sample, redshift, and cluster mass. We extend the Diemer & Kravtsov model for the cluster profiles to the linear regime using perturbation theory and show that it provides a good match to the measured profiles. We also compare the measured profiles to predictions of the standard halo model and simulations that include hydrodynamics. Applications of these results to cluster mass estimation, cosmology, and astrophysics are discussed.
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- 2021
333. Cross-correlation of DES Y3 lensing and ACT/${\it Planck}$ thermal Sunyaev Zel'dovich Effect II: Modeling and constraints on halo pressure profiles
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Pandey, S., Gatti, M., Baxter, E., Hill, J. C., Fang, X., Doux, C., Giannini, G., Raveri, M., DeRose, J., Huang, H., Moser, E., Battaglia, N., Alarcon, A., Amon, A., Becker, M., Campos, A., Chang, C., Chen, R., Choi, A., Eckert, K., Elvin-Poole, J., Everett, S., Ferte, A., Harrison, I., Maccrann, N., Mccullough, J., Myles, J., Alsina, A. Navarro, Prat, J., Rollins, R. P., Sanchez, C., Shin, T., Troxel, M., Tutusaus, I., Yin, B., Aguena, M., Allam, S., Andrade-Oliveira, F., Bernstein, G. M., Bertin, E., Bolliet, B., Bond, J. R., Brooks, D., Calabrese, E., Rosell, A. Carnero, Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., Cawthon, R., Costanzi, M., Crocce, M., da Costa, L. N., Pereira, M. E. S., De Vicente, J., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Dietrich, J. P., Doel, P., Dunkley, J., Evrard, A. E., Ferraro, S., Ferrero, I., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Garcia-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gerdes, D. W., Giannantonio, T., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Herner, K., Hincks, A. D., Hinton, S. R., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., Hughes, J. P., Huterer, D., Jain, B., James, D. J., Jeltema, T., Krause, E., Kuehn, K., Lahav, O., Lima, M., Lokken, M., Madhavacheril, M. S., Maia, M. A. G., Mcmahon, J. J., Melchior, P., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Mohr, J. J., Moodley, K., Morgan, R., Nati, F., Niemack, M. D., Page, L., Palmese, A., Paz-Chinchon, F., Pieres, A., Malagon, A. A. Plazas, Rodriguez-Monroy, M., Romer, A. K., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Schaan, E., Serrano, S., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Sheldon, E., Sherwin, B. D., Sifon, C., Smith, M., Soares-Santos, M., Spergel, D., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., To, C., Varga, T. N., Weller, J., Wollack, E. J., and Xu, Z.
- Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO) ,Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA) ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics ,Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies ,Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics - Abstract
Hot, ionized gas leaves an imprint on the cosmic microwave background via the thermal Sunyaev Zel'dovich (tSZ) effect. The cross-correlation of gravitational lensing (which traces the projected mass) with the tSZ effect (which traces the projected gas pressure) is a powerful probe of the thermal state of ionized baryons throughout the Universe, and is sensitive to effects such as baryonic feedback. In a companion paper (Gatti et al. 2021), we present tomographic measurements and validation tests of the cross-correlation between galaxy shear measurements from the first three years of observations of the Dark Energy Survey, and tSZ measurements from a combination of Atacama Cosmology Telescope and ${\it Planck}$ observations. In this work, we use the same measurements to constrain models for the pressure profiles of halos across a wide range of halo mass and redshift. We find evidence for reduced pressure in low mass halos, consistent with predictions for the effects of feedback from active galactic nuclei. We infer the hydrostatic mass bias ($B \equiv M_{500c}/M_{\rm SZ}$) from our measurements, finding $B = 1.8\pm0.1$ when adopting the ${\it Planck}$-preferred cosmological parameters. We additionally find that our measurements are consistent with a non-zero redshift evolution of $B$, with the correct sign and sufficient magnitude to explain the mass bias necessary to reconcile cluster count measurements with the ${\it Planck}$-preferred cosmology. Our analysis introduces a model for the impact of intrinsic alignments (IA) of galaxy shapes on the shear-tSZ correlation. We show that IA can have a significant impact on these correlations at current noise levels., 22 pages, 13 figures. Comments welcome
- Published
- 2021
334. The influence of structural motifs of amphipathic peptides on the permeabilization of lipid bilayers and the antibacterial and hemolytic activity
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Dathe, M., Macdonald, D., Maloy, W. L., Beyermann, M., Krause, E., Bienert, M., and Shimonishi, Yasutsugu, editor
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- 2002
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335. Effects of parental and own early developmental conditions on the phenotype in zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata)
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Krause, E. Tobias and Naguib, Marc
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- 2014
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336. Multiple Indices of the ‘Bounce’ Phenomenon Obtained from the Same Human Ears
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Drexl, M., Überfuhr, M., Weddell, T. D., Lukashkin, A. N., Wiegrebe, L., Krause, E., and Gürkov, R.
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- 2014
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337. Numerical Simulation of Vortical and Coherent Structures in Compressible Jet Flows
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Kloeker, J. J., Krause, E., Moreau, R., editor, and Nieuwstadt, F. T. M., editor
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- 1993
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338. Vortical structures and turbulent phenomena in a piston-engine model
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Kloeker, J.J., Krause, E., Kuwahara, K., Araki, H., editor, Brézin, E., editor, Ehlers, J., editor, Frisch, U., editor, Hepp, K., editor, Jaffe, R. L., editor, Kippenhahn, R., editor, Weidenmüller, H. A., editor, Wess, J., editor, Zittartz, J., editor, Beiglbök, W., editor, Napolitano, M., editor, and Sabetta, F., editor
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- 1993
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339. Poster
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Spielmann, H., Heuer, J., Grune-Wolff, B., Liebsch, M., Dörendahl, A., Skolik, S., Traue, D., Scheuber, H.-P., Brill, T., Gruber, K., Weichselbaum, J., Maderbacher, R., Stockinger, L., Hlinak, A., Marx, U., Leibiger, H., Kruse, D., Koch, S., Schade, R., Schniering, A., Salén, J. C. W., Himmler, G., Öppling, V., Peter, M., Giess, S., Cußler, K., Gyra, H., Hacker, A., Vogel, I., Gerstl, F., Korencan, A., Kukral, U., Pöhland, R., Schneider, F., Kanitz, W., Schober-Bendixen, S., Kalweit, S., Döring, B., Haupt, R., Gerner, I., Wirnsperger, T., L’Eplattenier, H., Meister, L., Pfannkuch, F., Graepel, P., Bentley, P., Giessler, J., Hirschelmann, R., Rickinger, O., Hintze-Podufal, Ch., Vetter, R., Graeve, T., Noll, M., Schneider, A., Wissler, J. H., Johann, S., Mikorey, S., Lederer, T., Krauss, W., Blümel, G., Reinitzer, D., Chen, T. S., Koutsilieri, E., Kanaya, K., Rausch, W.-D., Siegl, H., Schima, H., Huber, L., Melvin, D., Müller, M. R., Prodinger, A., Losert, U., Wolner, E., Grau, M., Bienert, H., Richter, H. A., Kaden, P., Mittermayer, C., Bremer, S., Pohl, I., Pöting, A., Klein, G., Vogel, R., Pelzmann, B., Koidl, B., Renhardt, M., Wach, P., Tilg, B., Fleischmann, P., Killmann, R., Dienstl, F., Heistracher, T., Krause, E., Kästner, R., Mertz, B., Novakovic, L., Spähni, M., Knapp, W., Brücker, R., Mülhauser, P., Steiger, J., Oetliker, H., Dalitz, H., Zürich, V., Mädler, H.-J., Beyer, A., Krämer, K., Lehnert, V., Walz, O. P., Pallauf, J., Rudas, P., Muray, T., Schöffl, Harald, editor, Spielmann, H., editor, Tritthart, Helmut A., editor, Koidl, B., editor, Gruber, F.-P., editor, and Reinhardt, A., editor
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- 1993
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340. Vortex Breakdown: Mechanism of Initiation and Change of Mode
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Krause, E., Althaus, W., Kawamura, R., editor, and Aihara, Y., editor
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- 1993
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341. A Comparison of Spontaneous Problem-Solving Abilities in Three Estrildid Finch (Taeniopygia guttata, Lonchura striata var. domestica, Stagonopleura guttata) Species
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Schmelz, Martin, Krüger, Oliver, Call, Josep, and Krause, E. Tobias
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- 2015
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342. Use of Affect Research in Dynamic Psychotherapy
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Krause, R., Steimer-Krause, E., Ullrich, B., Leuzinger-Bohleber, Marianne, editor, Schneider, Henri, editor, and Pfeifer, Rolf, editor
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- 1992
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343. Measurement of the splashback feature around SZ-selected Galaxy clusters with DES, SPT, and ACT
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Shin, T, Adhikari, S, Baxter, E, Chang, C, Jain, B, Battaglia, N, Bleem, L, Bocquet, S, Derose, J, Gruen, D, Hilton, M, Kravtsov, A, Mcclintock, T, Rozo, E, Rykoff, E, Varga, T, Wechsler, R, Wu, H, Zhang, Z, Aiola, S, Allam, S, Bechtol, K, Benson, B, Bertin, E, Bond, J, Brodwin, M, Brooks, D, Buckley-Geer, E, Burke, D, Carlstrom, J, Rosell, A, Kind, M, Carretero, J, Castander, F, Choi, S, Cunha, C, Crawford, T, Da Costa, L, De Vicente, J, Desai, S, Devlin, M, Dietrich, J, Doel, P, Dunkley, J, Eifler, T, Evrard, A, Flaugher, B, Fosalba, P, Gallardo, P, Garcia-Bellido, J, Gaztanaga, E, Gerdes, D, Gralla, M, Gruendl, R, Gschwend, J, Gupta, N, Gutierrez, G, Hartley, W, Hill, J, Ho, S, Hollowood, D, Honscheid, K, Hoyle, B, Huffenberger, K, Hughes, J, James, D, Jeltema, T, Kim, A, Krause, E, Kuehn, K, Lahav, O, Lima, M, Madhavacheril, M, Maia, M, Marshall, J, Maurin, L, Mcmahon, J, Menanteau, F, Miller, C, Miquel, R, Mohr, J, Naess, S, Nati, F, Newburgh, L, Niemack, M, Ogando, R, Page, L, Partridge, B, Patil, S, Plazas, A, Rapetti, D, Reichardt, C, Romer, A, Sanchez, E, Scarpine, V, Schindler, R, Serrano, S, Smith, M, Smith, R, Soares-Santos, M, Sobreira, F, Staggs, S, Stark, A, Stein, G, Suchyta, E, Swanson, M, Tarle, G, Thomas, D, Van Engelen, A, Wollack, E, Xu, Z, Shin T., Adhikari S., Baxter E. J., Chang C., Jain B., Battaglia N., Bleem L., Bocquet S., DeRose J., Gruen D., Hilton M., Kravtsov A., McClintock T., Rozo E., Rykoff E. S., Varga T. N., Wechsler R. H., Wu H., Zhang Z., Aiola S., Allam S., Bechtol K., Benson B. A., Bertin E., Bond J. R., Brodwin M., Brooks D., Buckley-Geer E., Burke D. L., Carlstrom J. E., Rosell A., Kind M., Carretero J., Castander F. J., Choi S. K., Cunha C. E., Crawford T. M., Da Costa L. N., De Vicente J., Desai S., Devlin M. J., Dietrich J. P., Doel P., Dunkley J., Eifler T. F., Evrard A. E., Flaugher B., Fosalba P., Gallardo P. A., Garcia-Bellido J., Gaztanaga E., Gerdes D. W., Gralla M., Gruendl R. A., Gschwend J., Gupta N., Gutierrez G., Hartley W. G., Hill J. C., Ho S. P., Hollowood D. L., Honscheid K., Hoyle B., Huffenberger K., Hughes J. P., James D. J., Jeltema T., Kim A. G., Krause E., Kuehn K., Lahav O., Lima M., Madhavacheril M. S., Maia M. A. G., Marshall J. L., Maurin L., McMahon J., Menanteau F., Miller C. J., Miquel R., Mohr J. J., Naess S., Nati F., Newburgh L., Niemack M. D., Ogando R. L. C., Page L. A., Partridge B., Patil S., Plazas A. A., Rapetti D., Reichardt C. L., Romer A. K., Sanchez E., Scarpine V., Schindler R., Serrano S., Smith M., Smith R. C., Soares-Santos M., Sobreira F., Staggs S. T., Stark A., Stein G., Suchyta E., Swanson M. E. C., Tarle G., Thomas D., Van Engelen A., Wollack E. J., Xu Z., Shin, T, Adhikari, S, Baxter, E, Chang, C, Jain, B, Battaglia, N, Bleem, L, Bocquet, S, Derose, J, Gruen, D, Hilton, M, Kravtsov, A, Mcclintock, T, Rozo, E, Rykoff, E, Varga, T, Wechsler, R, Wu, H, Zhang, Z, Aiola, S, Allam, S, Bechtol, K, Benson, B, Bertin, E, Bond, J, Brodwin, M, Brooks, D, Buckley-Geer, E, Burke, D, Carlstrom, J, Rosell, A, Kind, M, Carretero, J, Castander, F, Choi, S, Cunha, C, Crawford, T, Da Costa, L, De Vicente, J, Desai, S, Devlin, M, Dietrich, J, Doel, P, Dunkley, J, Eifler, T, Evrard, A, Flaugher, B, Fosalba, P, Gallardo, P, Garcia-Bellido, J, Gaztanaga, E, Gerdes, D, Gralla, M, Gruendl, R, Gschwend, J, Gupta, N, Gutierrez, G, Hartley, W, Hill, J, Ho, S, Hollowood, D, Honscheid, K, Hoyle, B, Huffenberger, K, Hughes, J, James, D, Jeltema, T, Kim, A, Krause, E, Kuehn, K, Lahav, O, Lima, M, Madhavacheril, M, Maia, M, Marshall, J, Maurin, L, Mcmahon, J, Menanteau, F, Miller, C, Miquel, R, Mohr, J, Naess, S, Nati, F, Newburgh, L, Niemack, M, Ogando, R, Page, L, Partridge, B, Patil, S, Plazas, A, Rapetti, D, Reichardt, C, Romer, A, Sanchez, E, Scarpine, V, Schindler, R, Serrano, S, Smith, M, Smith, R, Soares-Santos, M, Sobreira, F, Staggs, S, Stark, A, Stein, G, Suchyta, E, Swanson, M, Tarle, G, Thomas, D, Van Engelen, A, Wollack, E, Xu, Z, Shin T., Adhikari S., Baxter E. J., Chang C., Jain B., Battaglia N., Bleem L., Bocquet S., DeRose J., Gruen D., Hilton M., Kravtsov A., McClintock T., Rozo E., Rykoff E. S., Varga T. N., Wechsler R. H., Wu H., Zhang Z., Aiola S., Allam S., Bechtol K., Benson B. A., Bertin E., Bond J. R., Brodwin M., Brooks D., Buckley-Geer E., Burke D. L., Carlstrom J. E., Rosell A., Kind M., Carretero J., Castander F. J., Choi S. K., Cunha C. E., Crawford T. M., Da Costa L. N., De Vicente J., Desai S., Devlin M. J., Dietrich J. P., Doel P., Dunkley J., Eifler T. F., Evrard A. E., Flaugher B., Fosalba P., Gallardo P. A., Garcia-Bellido J., Gaztanaga E., Gerdes D. W., Gralla M., Gruendl R. A., Gschwend J., Gupta N., Gutierrez G., Hartley W. G., Hill J. C., Ho S. P., Hollowood D. L., Honscheid K., Hoyle B., Huffenberger K., Hughes J. P., James D. J., Jeltema T., Kim A. G., Krause E., Kuehn K., Lahav O., Lima M., Madhavacheril M. S., Maia M. A. G., Marshall J. L., Maurin L., McMahon J., Menanteau F., Miller C. J., Miquel R., Mohr J. J., Naess S., Nati F., Newburgh L., Niemack M. D., Ogando R. L. C., Page L. A., Partridge B., Patil S., Plazas A. A., Rapetti D., Reichardt C. L., Romer A. K., Sanchez E., Scarpine V., Schindler R., Serrano S., Smith M., Smith R. C., Soares-Santos M., Sobreira F., Staggs S. T., Stark A., Stein G., Suchyta E., Swanson M. E. C., Tarle G., Thomas D., Van Engelen A., Wollack E. J., and Xu Z.
- Abstract
We present a detection of the splashback feature around galaxy clusters selected using the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) signal. Recent measurements of the splashback feature around optically selected galaxy clusters have found that the splashback radius, rsp, is smaller than predicted by N-body simulations. Apossible explanation for this discrepancy is that rsp inferred from the observed radial distribution of galaxies is affected by selection effects related to the optical cluster-finding algorithms. We test this possibility by measuring the splashback feature in clusters selected via the SZ effect in data from the South Pole Telescope SZ survey and the Atacama Cosmology Telescope Polarimeter survey. The measurement is accomplished by correlating these cluster samples with galaxies detected in the Dark Energy Survey Year 3 data. The SZ observable used to select clusters in this analysis is expected to have a tighter correlation with halo mass and to be more immune to projection effects and aperture-induced biases, potentially ameliorating causes of systematic error for optically selected clusters. We find that the measured r(sp) for SZ-selected clusters is consistent with the expectations from simulations, although the small number of SZ-selected clusters makes a precise comparison difficult. In agreement with previous work, when using optically selected redMaPPer clusters with similar mass and redshift distributions, r(sp) is similar to 2 sigma smaller than in the simulations. These results motivate detailed investigations of selection biases in optically selected cluster catalogues and exploration of the splashback feature around larger samples of SZ-selected clusters. Additionally, we investigate trends in the galaxy profile and splashback feature as a function of galaxy colour, finding that blue galaxies have profiles close to a power law with no discernible splashback feature, which is consistent with them being on their first infall into the cluster.
- Published
- 2019
344. Shadows in the Dark: Low-Surface-Brightness Galaxies Discovered in the Dark Energy Survey
- Author
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Tanoglidis, D., Drlica-Wagner, A., Wei, K., Li, T. S., Sánchez, F. J., Zhang, Y., Peter, A. H. G., Feldmeier-Krause, A., Prat, J., Casey, K., Palmese, A., Sánchez, C., DeRose, J., Conselice, C., Gagnon, L., Abbott, T. M. C., Aguena, M., Allam, S., Avila, S., Bechtol, K., Bertin, E., Bhargava, S., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Rosell, A. Carnero, Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., Chang, C., Costanzi, M., da Costa, L. N., De Vicente, J., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Doel, P., Eifler, T. F., Everett, S., Evrard, A. E., Flaugher, B., Frieman, J., García-Bellido, J., Gerdes, D. W., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Hartley, W. G., Hollowood, D. L., Huterer, D., James, D. J., Krause, E., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Maia, M. A. G., March, M., Marshall, J. L., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Ogando, R. L. C., Paz-Chinchón, F., Romer, A. K., Roodman, A., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Serrano, S., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, M., Suchyta, E., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., Tucker, D. L., Walker, A. R., Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DES, National Science Foundation (US), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), European Commission, Generalitat de Catalunya, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (Brasil), UAM. Departamento de Física Teórica, Tanoglidis, D., Drlica-Wagner, A., Wei, K., T. S., Li, Sánchez, F. J., Zhang, Y., Peter, A. H. G., Feldmeier-Krause, A., Prat, J., Casey, K., Palmese, A., Sánchez, C., Derose, J., Conselice, C., Abbott, T. M. C., Aguena, M., Allam, S., Avila, S., Bechtol, K., Bertin, E., Bhargava, S., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Carnero Rosell, A., Carrasco Kind, M., Carretero, J., Chang, C., Costanzi, M., da Costa, L. N., De Vicente, J., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Doel, P., Eifler, T. F., Everett, S., Evrard, A. E., Flaugher, B., Frieman, J., García-Bellido, J., Gerdes, D. W., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Hartley, W. G., Hollowood, D. L., Huterer, D., James, D. J., Krause, E., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Maia, M. A. G., March, M., Marshall, J. L., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Ogando, R. L. C., Paz-Chinchón, F., Romer, A. K., Roodman, A., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Serrano, S., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, M., Suchyta, E., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., Tucker, D. L., and Walker, A. R.
- Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO) ,Population ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Astrophysics ,Sky surveys ,01 natural sciences ,Imaging data ,Luminosity ,Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxie ,0103 physical sciences ,Coma Cluster ,Surface brightness ,Sky survey ,Global Air Sampling Program ,education ,010303 astronomy & astrophysics ,STFC ,Low surface brightness galaxie ,Physics ,education.field_of_study ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,Física ,RCUK ,Astronomy and Astrophysics ,Galaxies ,Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies ,Galaxy ,Space and Planetary Science ,Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA) ,Star Formation ,Dark energy ,Low surface brightness galaxies ,Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics ,[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph] - Abstract
We present a catalog of 23,790 extended low-surface-brightness galaxies (LSBGs) identified in $\sim 5000 ��^2$ from the first three years of imaging data from the Dark Energy Survey (DES). Based on a single-component S��rsic model fit, we define extended LSBGs as galaxies with $g$-band effective radii $R_{eff}(g) > 2.5''$ and mean surface brightness $\bar��_{eff}(g) > 24.2 \,mag ��rcsec^{-2}$. We find that the distribution of LSBGs is strongly bimodal in $(g-r)$ vs.\ $(g-i$) color space. We divide our sample into red ($g-i \geq 0.60$) and blue ($g-i 1.5 \,kpc$ and central surface brighthness $��_0(g) > 24.0\, mag \,arcsec^{-2}$. The wide-area sample of LSBGs in DES can be used to test the role of environment on models of LSBG formation and evolution., 31 pages, 19 figures. Version accepted for publication in ApJS. Data products related to this work can be found in: https://des.ncsa.illinois.edu/releases/other/y3-lsbg
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- 2020
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345. Interleukin-6, Its Hepatic Receptor and the Acute Phase Response of the Liver
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Heinrich, P. C., Dufhues, G., Flohe, S., Horn, F., Krause, E., Krüttgen, A., Legres, L., Lenz, D., Lütticken, C., Schooltink, H., Stoyan, T., Conradt, H. S., Rose-John, S., Sies, Helmut, editor, Flohé, Leopold, editor, and Zimmer, Guido, editor
- Published
- 1991
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346. Milky Way Satellite Census -- II. Galaxy-Halo Connection Constraints Including the Impact of the Large Magellanic Cloud
- Author
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Nadler, E.O., Wechsler, R.H., Bechtol, K., Mao, Y.-Y., Green, G., Drlica-Wagner, A., McNanna, M., Mau, S., Pace, A.B., Simon, J.D., Kravtsov, A., Dodelson, S., Li, T.S., Riley, A.H., Wang, M.Y., Abbott, T.M.C., Aguena, M., Allam, S., Annis, J., Avila, S., Bernstein, G.M., Bertin, E., Brooks, D., Burke, D.L., Carnero Rosell, A., Carrasco Kind, M., Carretero, J., Costanzi, M., Da Costa, L.N., De Vicente, J., Desai, S., Evrard, A.E., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., García-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gerdes, D.W., Gruen, D., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Hartley, W.G., Hinton, S.R., Honscheid, K., Krause, E., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lahav, O., Maia, M.A.G., Marshall, J.L., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Palmese, A., Paz-Chinchón, F., Plazas, A.A., Romer, A.K., Sanchez, E., Santiago, B., Scarpine, V., Serrano, S., Smith, M., Soares-Santos, M., Suchyta, E., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., Varga, T.N., Walker, A.R., Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DES, National Science Foundation (US), Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US), Department of Energy (US), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Science and Technology Facilities Council (UK), University of Illinois, University of Chicago, Texas A&M University, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (Brasil), Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Conselho Nacional das Fundaçôes Estaduais de Amparo à Pesquisa (Brasil), Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação (Brasil), German Research Foundation, European Commission, Generalitat de Catalunya, Nadler, E. O., Wechsler, R. H., Bechtol, K., Mao, Y. -Y., Green, G., Drlica-Wagner, A., Mcnanna, M., Mau, S., Pace, A. B., Simon, J. D., Kravtsov, A., Dodelson, S., T. S., Li, Riley, A. H., Wang, M. Y., Abbott, T. M. C., Aguena, M., Allam, S., Annis, J., Avila, S., Bernstein, G. M., Bertin, E., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Carnero Rosell, A., Carrasco Kind, M., Carretero, J., Costanzi, M., Da Costa, L. N., De Vicente, J., Desai, S., Evrard, A. E., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., Garcia-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gerdes, D. W., Gruen, D., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Hartley, W. G., Hinton, S. R., Honscheid, K., Krause, E., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lahav, O., Maia, M. A. G., Marshall, J. L., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Palmese, A., Paz-Chinchon, F., Plazas, A. A., Romer, A. K., Sanchez, E., Santiago, B., Scarpine, V., Serrano, S., Smith, M., Soares-Santos, M., Suchyta, E., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., Varga, T. N., and Walker, A. R.
- Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO) ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,Milky Way ,Dark matter ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Astrophysics ,Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics ,7. Clean energy ,01 natural sciences ,Virial theorem ,Galactic halo ,Galaxy abundances ,Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxie ,0103 physical sciences ,Galaxy formation and evolution ,Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics ,Large Magellanic Cloud ,Milky Way dark matter halo ,010303 astronomy & astrophysics ,Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Dwarf galaxy ,Physics ,Astronomy and Astrophysics ,Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies ,Galaxy ,Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics ,13. Climate action ,Space and Planetary Science ,Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA) ,[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph] - Abstract
The population of Milky Way (MW) satellites contains the faintest known galaxies and thus provides essential insight into galaxy formation and dark matter microphysics. Here we combine a model of the galaxy-halo connection with newly derived observational selection functions based on searches for satellites in photometric surveys over nearly the entire high Galactic latitude sky. In particular, we use cosmological zoom-in simulations of MW-like halos that include realistic Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) analogs to fit the position-dependent MW satellite luminosity function. We report decisive evidence for the statistical impact of the LMC on the MW satellite population due to an estimated 6 ± 2 observed LMC-associated satellites, consistent with the number of LMC satellites inferred from Gaia proper-motion measurements, confirming the predictions of cold dark matter models for the existence of satellites within satellite halos. Moreover, we infer that the LMC fell into the MW within the last 2 Gyr at high confidence. Based on our detailed full-sky modeling, we find that the faintest observed satellites inhabit halos with peak virial masses below 3.2× 10 M· at 95% confidence, and we place the first robust constraints on the fraction of halos that host galaxies in this regime. We predict that the faintest detectable satellites occupy halos with peak virial masses above 10 M·, highlighting the potential for powerful galaxy formation and dark matter constraints from future dwarf galaxy searches., This research received support from the National Science Foundation (NSF) under grant No. NSF AST-1517422, grant No. NSF PHY17-48958 through the Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics program “The Small-Scale Structure of Cold(?) Dark Matter,” and grant No. NSF DGE-1656518 through the NSF Graduate Research Fellowship received by E.O.N. Support for Y.-Y.M. was provided by the Pittsburgh Particle Physics, Astrophysics and Cosmology Center through the Samuel P. Langley PITT PACC Postdoctoral Fellowship and NASA through NASA Hubble Fellowship grant No. HST-HF2-51441.001 awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Incorporated, under NASA contract NAS5-26555. Part of this work was performed at the Aspen Center for Physics, which is supported by National Science Foundation grant PHY-1607611. This research made use of computational resources at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, a U.S. Department of Energy Office; the authors are thankful for the support of the SLAC computational team. This research made use of the Sherlock cluster at the Stanford Research Computing Center (SRCC); the authors are thankful for the support of the SRCC team. This research made use of https://arXiv.org and NASA’s Astrophysics Data System for bibliographic information. Funding for the DES Projects has been provided by the U.S. Department of Energy, the U.S. National Science Foundation, the Ministry of Science and Education of Spain, the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom, the Higher Education Funding Council for England, the National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, the Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics at the Ohio State University, the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy at Texas A&M University, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos, Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico and the Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, and the Collaborating Institutions in the Dark Energy Survey. The Collaborating Institutions are Argonne National Laboratory, the University of California at Santa Cruz, the University of Cambridge, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas-Madrid, the University of Chicago, University College London, the DES-Brazil Consortium, the University of Edinburgh, the Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zürich, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, the University of Illinois at UrbanaChampaign, the Institut de Ciències de l’Espai (IEEC/CSIC), the Institut de Física d’Altes Energies, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, the Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München and the associated Excellence Cluster Universe, the University of Michigan, the NSFʼs National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Laboratory, the University of Nottingham, The Ohio State University, the University of Pennsylvania, the University of Portsmouth, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, the University of Sussex, Texas A&M University, and the OzDES Membership Consortium. This work is based in part on observations at Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory, NSFʼs National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Laboratory, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation. The DES data management system is supported by the National Science Foundation under grant Nos. AST-1138766 and AST-1536171. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MINECO under grants AYA2015-71825, ESP2015-66861, FPA2015-68048, SEV2016-0588, SEV-2016-0597, and MDM-2015-0509, some of which include ERDF funds from the European Union. The IFAE is partially funded by the CERCA program of the Generalitat de Catalunya. Research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Program (FP7/ 2007-2013), including ERC grant agreements 240672, 291329, and 306478. We acknowledge support from the Brazilian Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCT) e-Universe (CNPq grant 465376/2014-2). This manuscript has been authored by the Fermi Research Alliance, LLC, under contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics.
- Published
- 2019
347. Dark Energy Survey Year 3 Results: Galaxy mock catalogs for BAO analysis
- Author
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Ferrero, I., Crocce, M., Tutusaus, I., Porredon, A., Blot, L., Fosalba, P., Rosell, A. Carnero, Avila, S., Izard, A., Elvin-Poole, J., Chan, K. C., Camacho, H., Rosenfeld, R., Sanchez, E., Tallada-Crespí, P., Carretero, J., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Gaztanaga, E., Andrade-Oliveira, F., De Vicente, J., Mena-Fernández, J., Ross, A. J., Cid, D. Sanchez, Ferté, A., Brandao-Souza, A., Fang, X., Krause, E., Gomes, D., Aguena, M., Allam, S., Annis, J., Bertin, E., Brooks, D., Kind, M. Carrasco, Castander, F. J., Cawthon, R., Choi, A., Conselice, C., Costanzi, M., da Costa, L. N., Pereira, M. E. S., Diehl, H. T., Doel, P., Drlica-Wagner, A., Everett, S., Evrard, A. E., Flaugher, B., Frieman, J., García-Bellido, J., Gerdes, D. W., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Hinton, S. R., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., Hoyle, B., Huterer, D., James, D. J., Kuehn, K., Lima, M., Maia, M. A. G., Marshall, J. L., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Morgan, R., Muir, J., Ogando, R. L. C., Palmese, A., Paz-Chinchón, F., Percival, W. J., Malagón, A. A. Plazas, Rodriguez-Monroy, M., Scarpine, V., Schubnell, M., Serrano, S., Smith, M., Soares-Santos, M., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., To, C., Tucker, D. L., Varga, T. N., Ferrero, I., Crocce, M., Tutusaus, I., Porredon, A., Blot, L., Fosalba, P., Carnero Rosell, A., Avila, S., Izard, A., Elvin-Poole, J., Chan, K. C., Camacho, H., Rosenfeld, R., Sanchez, E., Tallada-Crespi, P., Carretero, J., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Gaztanaga, E., Andrade-Oliveira, F., De Vicente, J., Mena-Fernandez, J., Ross, A. J., Sanchez Cid, D., Ferte, A., Brandao-Souza, A., Fang, X., Krause, E., Gomes, D., Aguena, M., Allam, S., Annis, J., Bertin, E., Brooks, D., Carrasco Kind, M., Castander, F. J., Cawthon, R., Choi, A., Conselice, C., Costanzi, M., Da Costa, L. N., Pereira, M. E. S., Diehl, H. T., Doel, P., Drlica-Wagner, A., Everett, S., Evrard, A. E., Flaugher, B., Frieman, J., Garcia-Bellido, J., Gerdes, D. W., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Hinton, S. R., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., Hoyle, B., Huterer, D., James, D. J., Kuehn, K., Lima, M., Maia, M. A. G., Marshall, J. L., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Morgan, R., Muir, J., Ogando, R. L. C., Palmese, A., Paz-Chinchon, F., Percival, W. J., Plazas Malagon, A. A., Rodriguez-Monroy, M., Scarpine, V., Schubnell, M., Serrano, S., Smith, M., Soares-Santos, M., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., To, C., Tucker, D. L., Varga, T. N., University of Oslo, Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), CSIC), The Ohio State University, Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik, Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia - LIneA, Dpto. Astrofísica, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, University of Portsmouth, Sun Yat-sen University, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), ICTP South American Institute for Fundamental Research, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Port d'Informació Científica (PIC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, California Institute of Technology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), University of Arizona, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Rua General José Cristino, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris, University College London, National Center for Supercomputing Applications, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Wisconsin-Madison, University of Manchester, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Trieste, INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, Institute for Fundamental Physics of the Universe, Observatório Nacional, University of Michigan, University of Chicago, Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, Stanford University, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, University of Queensland, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Center for Astrophysics | Harvard and Smithsonian, Macquarie University, Lowell Observatory, Texas AandM University, Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, University of Cambridge, University of Waterloo, Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Princeton University, University of Southampton, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Giessenbachstrasse, and Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München
- Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO) ,Large-scale structure of Universe ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics ,Astrophysics ,Halo occupation distribution ,Galaxies: distances and redshifts ,Observational cosmology ,distances and redshifts [Galaxies] ,halo [Galaxy] ,Catalogs ,Galaxy: halo ,Methods: numerical ,Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics ,Photometric redshift ,Physics ,numerical [Methods] ,Computer Science::Information Retrieval ,distances and redshift [Galaxies] ,Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics ,Astronomy and Astrophysics ,Redshift survey ,Redshift ,Galaxy ,Space and Planetary Science ,Dark energy ,Catalog ,Baryon acoustic oscillations ,Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics - Abstract
Ferrero, I., et al. (DES Collaboration), The calibration and validation of scientific analysis in simulations is a fundamental tool to ensure unbiased and robust results in observational cosmology. In particular, mock galaxy catalogs are a crucial resource to achieve these goals in the measurement of baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) in the clustering of galaxies. Here we present a set of 1952 galaxy mock catalogs designed to mimic the Dark Energy Survey Year 3 BAO sample over its full photometric redshift range 0:6 < zphoto < 1:1. The mocks are based upon 488 ICE-COLA fast N-body simulations of full-sky light cones and were created by populating halos with galaxies, using a hybrid halo occupation distribution halo abundance matching model. This model has ten free parameters, which were determined, for the first time, using an automatic likelihood minimization procedure.We also introduced a novel technique to assign photometric redshift for simulated galaxies, following a two-dimensional probability distribution with VIMOS Public Extragalactic Redshift Survey data. The calibration was designed to match the observed abundance of galaxies as a function of photometric redshift, the distribution of photometric redshift errors, and the clustering amplitude on scales smaller than those used for BAO measurements. An exhaustive analysis was done to ensure that the mocks reproduce the input properties. Finally, mocks were tested by comparing the angular correlation function w(θ), angular power spectrum ζp(rΓ) and projected clustering p(r?) to theoretical predictions and data. The impact of volume replication in the estimate of the covariance is also investigated. The success in accurately reproducing the photometric redshift uncertainties and the galaxy clustering as a function of redshift render this mock creation pipeline as a benchmark for future analyses of photometric galaxy surveys.
- Published
- 2021
348. Thorakales Aneurysma: Chirurgische Indikationskriterien und Ergebnisse
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Eckel, L., Krause, E., Satter, P., Skupin, M., Häring, R., and Ungeheuer, E., editor
- Published
- 1990
- Full Text
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349. Interpreting internal consistency of DES measurements
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Miranda, V, primary, Rogozenski, P, additional, and Krause, E, additional
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
350. The academic, societal and animal welfare benefits of Open Science for animal science
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Nawroth, Christian, primary and Krause, E. Tobias, additional
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
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