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301. Measurement of Single Electrons and Implications for Charm Production inAu+AuCollisions atsNN=130GeV

Author: Charles Maguire, Y. Sumi, Wei Tian, D. J. Lim, Josh Moss, M. Tamai, V.A. Onuchin, Minghui Liu, Sean A. Kelly, E. Kistenev, M. Suzuki, Mikhail Ippolitov, Kenneth Francis Read, Agneta Oskarsson, Y. Berdnikov, S. Belikov, P. Pitukhin, Lennart Osterman, Kazuhiro Tanaka, S. N. White, V. S. Pantuev, M. Rosati, M. Velkovsky, Senta Greene, B. Khachaturov, C. L. Woody, V. Bumazhnov, C. P. Singh, Joakim Nystrand, Shunji Nishimura, Klaus Johannes Reygers, S. Garpman, A. Ster, E. O'Brien, Tai Sakuma, S. S. Adler, G. S. Kyle, James Alexander, S. Kametani, M. Ishihara, F. Messer, R. A. Soltz, An.A. Vorobyov, A. A. Vinogradov, Henrik Tydesjö, Junji Tojo, K. Adcox, Y. Tanaka, M. Grosse Perdekamp, H. A. Gustafsson, T. K. Shea, T. C. Sangster, G. Bunce, R. Averbeck, K. S. Sim, P. L. McGaughey, D. E. Fields, Byung-Sik Hong, T. Ushiroda, B. M. Johnson, A. Bazilevsky, J. T. Mitchell, T. E. Miller, B. V. Jacak, T. L. Thomas, M. Kann, L. L. Chavez, W. C. Chang, R. Santo, H. En'yo, W. W. Kinnison, M. J. Leitch, Jiangyong Jia, Y. Goto, Yongsun Kim, P. W. Stankus, Y. Watanabe, A. Denisov, S. Sawada, S. S. Kapoor, T. Ichihara, F. K. Wohn, H. Torii, T. K. Ghosh, E. J. Desmond, I. D. Ojha, M. Hibino, A. A. Rose, Alexandre Lebedev, Ryugo S. Hayano, T. A. Carey, L. Kochenda, S. Markacs, A. Kiyomichi, P. Chung, K. Pope, T. Ferdousi, A. P.T. Palounek, B. R. Schlei, P. J. Kroon, J. M. Burward-Hoy, Roy A. Lacey, J.R. Mahon, Y. Nakada, J. Chiba, A. Franz, S. F. Pate, Y. Riabov, Kenta Shigaki, H. J. Kim, S. Butsyk, D. M. Lee, V. Kochetkov, E. P. Hartouni, E. Taniguchi, G. C. Mishra, David Olle Rickard Silvermyr, Vladimir Samsonov, H. Tsuruoka, I. Otterlund, Vladislav Manko, M. D. Marx, J. S. Haggerty, A. S. Nyanin, A. L. Godoi, S. Y. Kim, Viktor Riabov, M. Chiu, Ajit Kumar Mohanty, J. Chang, T. A. Shibata, A. Soldatov, M. A. Volkov, Takao Sakaguchi, Juergen Thomas, S. K. Mark, P. D. Barnes, O. Dietzsch, Y. J. Kwon, B. K. Nandi, X. Liu, S. Yokkaichi, C. Klein-Boesing, N. N. Ajitanand, David D'Enterria, T. Chujo, I. E. Yushmanov, Hideki Hamagaki, V. Papavassiliou, G. David, Y. Akiba, H. Hara, J. L. Nagle, S. Y. Fung, A. D. Frawley, Dipanwita Dutta, L. Paffrath, S. Esumi, M. S. Chung, R. P. Pisani, E. Vznuzdaev, K. Imai, German Martinez, T. Kohama, B. V. Dinesh, C. A. Ogilvie, F. G. Bellaiche, W. A. Zajc, V. Baublis, Julia Velkovska, Z. Sun, J. Simon-Gillo, T. Peitzmann, Saskia Mioduszewski, Susumu Sato, J. P. Sullivan, T. K. Hemmick, Nikolay Tyurin, Hiroyuki Sako, M. Muniruzzaman, Yasuo Miake, V. Cianciolo, R. K. Choudhury, P. Steinberg, A. G. Hansen, Y. I. Makdisi, H. W. Van Hecke, T. Shiina, S. K. Tuli, H. Delagrange, Zhongfan Liu, S. Bathe, John Hill, K. Oyama, S. H. Aronson, Sergey Fokin, H. Wang, R. E. Mischke, Yves Roland Schutz, C. Pinkenburg, T. C. Awes, Shiv K. Gupta, A. A. Tsvetkov, Jason Newby, K. Yagi, S. Zhou, P. Chand, Jun Kikuchi, Kensuke Homma, E. Melnikov, A. Hoover, S. Botelho, J. M. Heuser, J. Murata, A. Durum, Toru Sugitate, A. Glenn, W. Y. Jang, Markus Merschmeyer, L. Aphecetche, S. Chernichenko, W. Guryn, I. G. Sibiriak, I. Shein, M. J. Tannenbaum, Alexei Khanzadeev, M. Pollack, N. Bruner, E. Stenlund, B. Bassalleck, F. Mühlbacher, L. Ewell, D. S. Brown, E. M. Takagui, B. A. Cole, Z. Li, Athanasios Petridis, F. Matathias, M. Sugioka, D. Bucher, I. Ravinovich, S. Nagamiya, R. S. Towell, F. Plasil, Norio Saito, Akira Masaike, J. Barrette, J. H. Thomas, S. Klinksiek, Yoshio Arai, A. Drees, S. S. Ryu, N. Starinsky, J. Lauret, Aya Sakaguchi, M. J. Bennett, Ju Hwan Kang, N. Hayashi, S. T. Belyaev, D. S. Ho, C. Y. Chi, Wei Xie, G. R. Young, K. El Chenawi, Martin Purschke, D. Kotchetkov, Z. Fraenkel, S. C. Johnson, Y. J. Mao, M. J. Kweon, Atsushi Taketani, Alexander Milov, C. Witzig, D. P. Morrison, V. E. Semenov, A. Deshpande, T. Christ, I. Tserruya, Yu. Efremenko, V. Singh, Y. H. Shin, D. Koehler, K. Kurita, K. Ebisu, S. P. Stoll, M. Sivertz, Hirohiko Sato, Hiroaki Ohnishi, X. He, L. Nikkinen, K. S. Joo, Dong Jo Kim, Takehiko Matsumoto, K. N. Barish, M. Ono, H. Buesching, Yasushi Nagasaka, M. L. Brooks, Xingguo Li, S. P. Sorensen, M. Messer, A. Kozlov, C. Velissaris, R. Seto, Zhedong Zhang, Peter M. Nilsson, J. G. Lajoie, and T. Hachiya
Subjects: Physics, Particle physics, Photon, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Nuclear Theory, Hadron, General Physics and Astronomy, Electron, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Spectral line, Nuclear physics, Yield (chemistry), 0103 physical sciences, Transverse momentum, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Charm (quantum number), Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider
Abstract: Transverse momentum spectra of electrons from Au+Au collisions at roots(NN) = 130 GeV have been measured at midrapidity by the PHENIX experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. The spectra show an excess above the background from photon conversions and light hadron decays. The electron signal is consistent with that expected from semileptonic decays of charm. The yield of the electron signal dN(e)/dy for p(T) > 0.8 GeV/c is 0.025 +/- 0.004(stat) +/- 0.010( syst) in central collisions, and the corresponding charm cross section is 380 +/- 60(stat) +/- 200(syst ) mub per binary nucleon-nucleon collision.
Published: 2002
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302. Measurement of Lambda and Lambda(macro) particles in Au+Au collisions at the square root of S(NN) = 130 GeV

Author: K, Adcox, S S, Adler, N N, Ajitanand, Y, Akiba, J, Alexander, L, Aphecetche, Y, Arai, S H, Aronson, R, Averbeck, T C, Awes, K N, Barish, P D, Barnes, J, Barrette, B, Bassalleck, S, Bathe, V, Baublis, A, Bazilevsky, S, Belikov, F G, Bellaiche, S T, Belyaev, M J, Bennett, Y, Berdnikov, S, Botelho, M L, Brooks, D S, Brown, N, Bruner, D, Bucher, H, Buesching, V, Bumazhnov, G, Bunce, J, Burward-Hoy, S, Butsyk, T A, Carey, P, Chand, J, Chang, W C, Chang, L L, Chavez, S, Chernichenko, C Y, Chi, J, Chiba, M, Chiu, R K, Choudhury, T, Christ, T, Chujo, M S, Chung, P, Chung, V, Cianciolo, B A, Cole, D G, D'Enterria, G, David, H, Delagrange, A, Denisov, A, Deshpande, E J, Desmond, O, Dietzsch, B V, Dinesh, A, Drees, A, Durum, D, Dutta, K, Ebisu, Y V, Efremenko, K, el-Chenawi, H, En'yo, S, Esumi, L, Ewell, T, Ferdousi, D E, Fields, S L, Fokin, Z, Fraenkel, A, Franz, A D, Frawley, S-Y, Fung, S, Garpman, T K, Ghosh, A, Glenn, A L, Godoi, Y, Goto, S V, Greene, M, Grosse Perdekamp, S K, Gupta, W, Guryn, H-A, Gustafsson, J S, Haggerty, H, Hamagaki, A G, Hansen, H, Hara, E P, Hartouni, R, Hayano, N, Hayashi, X, He, T K, Hemmick, J M, Heuser, M, Hibino, J C, Hill, D S, Ho, K, Homma, B, Hong, A, Hoover, T, Ichihara, K, Imai, M S, Ippolitov, M, Ishihara, B V, Jacak, W Y, Jang, J, Jia, B M, Johnson, S C, Johnson, K S, Joo, S, Kametani, J H, Kang, M, Kann, S S, Kapoor, S, Kelly, B, Khachaturov, A, Khanzadeev, J, Kikuchi, D J, Kim, H J, Kim, S Y, Kim, Y G, Kim, W W, Kinnison, E, Kistenev, A, Kiyomichi, C, Klein-Boesing, S, Klinksiek, L, Kochenda, V, Kochetkov, D, Koehler, T, Kohama, D, Kotchetkov, A, Kozlov, P J, Kroon, K, Kurita, M J, Kweon, Y, Kwon, G S, Kyle, R, Lacey, J G, Lajoie, J, Lauret, A, Lebedev, D M, Lee, M J, Leitch, X H, Li, Z, Li, D J, Lim, M X, Liu, X, Liu, Z, Liu, C F, Maguire, J, Mahon, Y I, Makdisi, V I, Manko, Y, Mao, S K, Mark, S, Markacs, G, Martinez, M D, Marx, A, Masaike, F, Matathias, T, Matsumoto, P L, McGaughey, E, Melnikov, M, Merschmeyer, F, Messer, M, Messer, Y, Miake, T E, Miller, A, Milov, S, Mioduszewski, R E, Mischke, G C, Mishra, J T, Mitchell, A K, Mohanty, D P, Morrison, J M, Moss, F, Mühlbacher, D, Mukhopadhyay, M, Muniruzzaman, J, Murata, S, Nagamiya, Y, Nagasaka, J L, Nagle, Y, Nakada, B K, Nandi, J, Newby, L, Nikkinen, P, Nilsson, S, Nishimura, A S, Nyanin, J, Nystrand, E, O'Brien, C A, Ogilvie, H, Ohnishi, I D, Ojha, M, Ono, V, Onuchin, A, Oskarsson, L, Osterman, I, Otterlund, K, Oyama, L, Paffrath, D, Pal, A P T, Palounek, V S, Pantuev, V, Papavassiliou, S F, Pate, T, Peitzmann, A N, Petridis, C, Pinkenburg, R P, Pisani, P, Pitukhin, F, Plasil, M, Pollack, K, Pope, M L, Purschke, I, Ravinovich, K F, Read, K, Reygers, V, Riabov, Y, Riabov, M, Rosati, A A, Rose, S S, Ryu, N, Saito, A, Sakaguchi, T, Sakaguchi, H, Sako, T, Sakuma, V, Samsonov, T C, Sangster, R, Santo, H D, Sato, S, Sato, S, Sawada, B R, Schlei, Y, Schutz, V, Semenov, R, Seto, T K, Shea, I, Shein, T-A, Shibata, K, Shigaki, T, Shiina, Y H, Shin, I G, Sibiriak, D, Silvermyr, K S, Sim, J, Simon-Gillo, C P, Singh, V, Singh, M, Sivertz, A, Soldatov, R A, Soltz, S, Sorensen, P W, Stankus, N, Starinsky, P, Steinberg, E, Stenlund, A, Ster, S P, Stoll, M, Sugioka, T, Sugitate, J P, Sullivan, Y, Sumi, Z, Sun, M, Suzuki, E M, Takagui, A, Taketani, M, Tamai, K H, Tanaka, Y, Tanaka, E, Taniguchi, M J, Tannenbaum, J, Thomas, J H, Thomas, T L, Thomas, W, Tian, J, Tojo, H, Torii, R S, Towell, I, Tserruya, H, Tsuruoka, A A, Tsvetkov, S K, Tuli, H, Tydesjö, N, Tyurin, T, Ushiroda, H W, Van Hecke, C, Velissaris, J, Velkovska, M, Velkovsky, A A, Vinogradov, M A, Volkov, A, Vorobyov, E, Vznuzdaev, H, Wang, Y, Watanabe, S N, White, C, Witzig, F K, Wohn, C L, Woody, W, Xie, K, Yagi, S, Yokkaichi, G R, Young, I E, Yushmanov, W A, Zajc, Z, Zhang, and S, Zhou
Abstract: We present results on the measurement of Lambda and Lambda(macro) production in Au+Au collisions at square root of (S (NN) = 130 GeV with the PHENIX detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. The transverse momentum spectra were measured for minimum bias and for the 5% most central events. The Lambda;/Lambda ratios are constant as a function of p(T) and the number of participants. The measured net Lambda density is significantly larger than predicted by models based on hadronic strings (e.g., HIJING) but in approximate agreement with models which include the gluon-junction mechanism.
Published: 2002

303. Flow measurements via two-particle azimuthal correlations in Au + Au collisions at sqrt [s(NN)]=130 GeV

Author: K, Adcox, S S, Adler, N N, Ajitanand, Y, Akiba, J, Alexander, L, Aphecetche, Y, Arai, S H, Aronson, R, Averbeck, T C, Awes, K N, Barish, P D, Barnes, J, Barrette, B, Bassalleck, S, Bathe, V, Baublis, A, Bazilevsky, S, Belikov, F G, Bellaiche, S T, Belyaev, M J, Bennett, Y, Berdnikov, S, Botelho, M L, Brooks, D S, Brown, N, Bruner, D, Bucher, H, Buesching, V, Bumazhnov, G, Bunce, J, Burward-Hoy, S, Butsyk, T A, Carey, P, Chand, J, Chang, W C, Chang, L L, Chavez, S, Chernichenko, C Y, Chi, J, Chiba, M, Chiu, R K, Choudhury, T, Christ, T, Chujo, M S, Chung, P, Chung, V, Cianciolo, B A, Cole, D G, D'Enterria, G, David, H, Delagrange, A, Denisov, A, Deshpande, E J, Desmond, O, Dietzsch, B V, Dinesh, A, Drees, A, Durum, D, Dutta, K, Ebisu, Y V, Efremenko, K, El Chenawi, H, En'yo, S, Esumi, L, Ewell, T, Ferdousi, D E, Fields, S L, Fokin, Z, Fraenkel, A, Franz, A D, Frawley, S-Y, Fung, S, Garpman, T K, Ghosh, A, Glenn, A L, Godoi, Y, Goto, S V, Greene, M Grosse, Perdekamp, S K, Gupta, W, Guryn, H-A, Gustafsson, J S, Haggerty, H, Hamagaki, A G, Hansen, H, Hara, E P, Hartouni, R, Hayano, N, Hayashi, X, He, T K, Hemmick, J M, Heuser, M, Hibino, J C, Hill, D S, Ho, K, Homma, B, Hong, A, Hoover, T, Ichihara, K, Imai, M S, Ippolitov, M, Ishihara, B V, Jacak, W Y, Jang, J, Jia, B M, Johnson, S C, Johnson, K S, Joo, S, Kametani, J H, Kang, M, Kann, S S, Kapoor, S, Kelly, B, Khachaturov, A, Khanzadeev, J, Kikuchi, D J, Kim, H J, Kim, S Y, Kim, Y G, Kim, W W, Kinnison, E, Kistenev, A, Kiyomichi, C, Klein-Boesing, S, Klinksiek, L, Kochenda, V, Kochetkov, D, Koehler, T, Kohama, D, Kotchetkov, A, Kozlov, P J, Kroon, K, Kurita, M J, Kweon, Y, Kwon, G S, Kyle, R, Lacey, J G, Lajoie, J, Lauret, A, Lebedev, D M, Lee, M J, Leitch, X H, Li, Z, Li, D J, Lim, M X, Liu, X, Liu, Z, Liu, C F, Maguire, J, Mahon, Y I, Makdisi, V I, Manko, Y, Mao, S K, Mark, S, Markacs, G, Martinez, M D, Marx, A, Masaike, F, Matathias, T, Matsumoto, P L, McGaughey, E, Melnikov, M, Merschmeyer, F, Messer, M, Messer, Y, Miake, T E, Miller, A, Milov, S, Mioduszewski, R E, Mischke, G C, Mishra, J T, Mitchell, A K, Mohanty, D P, Morrison, J M, Moss, F, Mühlbacher, M, Muniruzzaman, J, Murata, S, Nagamiya, Y, Nagasaka, J L, Nagle, Y, Nakada, B K, Nandi, J, Newby, L, Nikkinen, P, Nilsson, S, Nishimura, A S, Nyanin, J, Nystrand, E, O'Brien, C A, Ogilvie, H, Ohnishi, I D, Ojha, M, Ono, V, Onuchin, A, Oskarsson, L, Osterman, I, Otterlund, K, Oyama, L, Paffrath, A P T, Palounek, V S, Pantuev, V, Papavassiliou, S F, Pate, T, Peitzmann, A N, Petridis, C, Pinkenburg, R P, Pisani, P, Pitukhin, F, Plasil, M, Pollack, K, Pope, M L, Purschke, I, Ravinovich, K F, Read, K, Reygers, V, Riabov, Y, Riabov, M, Rosati, A A, Rose, S S, Ryu, N, Saito, A, Sakaguchi, T, Sakaguchi, H, Sako, T, Sakuma, V, Samsonov, T C, Sangster, R, Santo, H D, Sato, S, Sato, S, Sawada, B R, Schlei, Y, Schutz, V, Semenov, R, Seto, T K, Shea, I, Shein, T-A, Shibata, K, Shigaki, T, Shiina, Y H, Shin, I G, Sibiriak, D, Silvermyr, K S, Sim, J, Simon-Gillo, C P, Singh, V, Singh, M, Sivertz, A, Soldatov, R A, Soltz, S, Sorensen, P W, Stankus, N, Starinsky, P, Steinberg, E, Stenlund, A, Ster, S P, Stoll, M, Sugioka, T, Sugitate, J P, Sullivan, Y, Sumi, Z, Sun, M, Suzuki, E M, Takagui, A, Taketani, M, Tamai, K H, Tanaka, Y, Tanaka, E, Taniguchi, M J, Tannenbaum, J, Thomas, J H, Thomas, T L, Thomas, W, Tian, J, Tojo, H, Torii, R S, Towell, I, Tserruya, H, Tsuruoka, A A, Tsvetkov, S K, Tuli, H, Tydesjö, N, Tyurin, T, Ushiroda, H W, Van Hecke, C, Velissaris, J, Velkovska, M, Velkovsky, A A, Vinogradov, M A, Volkov, A, Vorobyov, E, Vznuzdaev, H, Wang, Y, Watanabe, S N, White, C, Witzig, F K, Wohn, C L, Woody, W, Xie, K, Yagi, S, Yokkaichi, G R, Young, I E, Yushmanov, W A, Zajc, Z, Zhang, and S, Zhou
Abstract: Two-particle azimuthal correlation functions are presented for charged hadrons produced in Au+Au collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (sqrt [s(NN)]=130 GeV). The measurements permit determination of elliptic flow without event-by-event estimation of the reaction plane. The extracted elliptic flow values (v2) show significant sensitivity to both the collision centrality and the transverse momenta of emitted hadrons, suggesting rapid thermalization and relatively strong velocity fields. When scaled by the eccentricity of the collision zone epsilon, the scaled elliptic flow shows little or no dependence on centrality for charged hadrons with relatively low p(T). A breakdown of this epsilon scaling is observed for charged hadrons with pT1.0 GeV/c.
Published: 2002

304. Net charge fluctuations in Au + Au interactions at sqrt[s(NN)]=130 GeV

Author: K, Adcox, S S, Adler, N N, Ajitanand, Y, Akiba, J, Alexander, L, Aphecetche, Y, Arai, S H, Aronson, R, Averbeck, T C, Awes, K N, Barish, P D, Barnes, J, Barrette, B, Bassalleck, S, Bathe, V, Baublis, A, Bazilevsky, S, Belikov, F G, Bellaiche, S T, Belyaev, M J, Bennett, Y, Berdnikov, S, Botelho, M L, Brooks, D S, Brown, N, Bruner, D, Bucher, H, Buesching, V, Bumazhnov, G, Bunce, J, Burward-Hoy, S, Butsyk, T A, Carey, P, Chand, J, Chang, W C, Chang, L L, Chavez, S, Chernichenko, C Y, Chi, J, Chiba, M, Chiu, R K, Choudhury, T, Christ, T, Chujo, M S, Chung, P, Chung, V, Cianciolo, B A, Cole, D G, D'Enterria, G, David, H, Delagrange, A, Denisov, A, Deshpande, E J, Desmond, O, Dietzsch, B V, Dinesh, A, Drees, A, Durum, D, Dutta, K, Ebisu, Y V, Efremenko, K, El Chenawi, H, En'yo, S, Esumi, L, Ewell, T, Ferdousi, D E, Fields, S L, Fokin, Z, Fraenkel, A, Franz, A D, Frawley, S-Y, Fung, S, Garpman, T K, Ghosh, A, Glenn, A L, Godoi, Y, Goto, S V, Greene, M, Grosse Perdekamp, S K, Gupta, W, Guryn, H-A, Gustafsson, J S, Haggerty, H, Hamagaki, A G, Hansen, H, Hara, E P, Hartouni, R, Hayano, N, Hayashi, X, He, T K, Hemmick, J M, Heuser, M, Hibino, J C, Hill, D S, Ho, K, Homma, B, Hong, A, Hoover, T, Ichihara, K, Imai, M S, Ippolitov, M, Ishihara, B V, Jacak, W Y, Jang, J, Jia, B M, Johnson, S C, Johnson, K S, Joo, S, Kametani, J H, Kang, M, Kann, S S, Kapoor, S, Kelly, B, Khachaturov, A, Khanzadeev, J, Kikuchi, D J, Kim, H J, Kim, S Y, Kim, Y G, Kim, W W, Kinnison, E, Kistenev, A, Kiyomichi, C, Klein-Boesing, S, Klinksiek, L, Kochenda, V, Kochetkov, D, Koehler, T, Kohama, D, Kotchetkov, A, Kozlov, P J, Kroon, K, Kurita, M J, Kweon, Y, Kwon, G S, Kyle, R, Lacey, J G, Lajoie, J, Lauret, A, Lebedev, D M, Lee, M J, Leitch, X H, Li, Z, Li, D J, Lim, M X, Liu, X, Liu, Z, Liu, C F, Maguire, J, Mahon, Y I, Makdisi, V I, Manko, Y, Mao, S K, Mark, S, Markacs, G, Martinez, M D, Marx, A, Masaike, F, Matathias, T, Matsumoto, P L, McGaughey, E, Melnikov, M, Merschmeyer, F, Messer, M, Messer, Y, Miake, T E, Miller, A, Milov, S, Mioduszewski, R E, Mischke, G C, Mishra, J T, Mitchell, A K, Mohanty, D P, Morrison, J M, Moss, F, Mühlbacher, M, Muniruzzaman, J, Murata, S, Nagamiya, Y, Nagasaka, J L, Nagle, Y, Nakada, B K, Nandi, J, Newby, L, Nikkinen, P, Nilsson, S, Nishimura, A S, Nyanin, J, Nystrand, E, O'Brien, C A, Ogilvie, H, Ohnishi, I D, Ojha, M, Ono, V, Onuchin, A, Oskarsson, L, Osterman, I, Otterlund, K, Oyama, L, Paffrath, A P T, Palounek, V S, Pantuev, V, Papavassiliou, S F, Pate, T, Peitzmann, A N, Petridis, C, Pinkenburg, R P, Pisani, P, Pitukhin, F, Plasil, M, Pollack, K, Pope, M L, Purschke, I, Ravinovich, K F, Read, K, Reygers, V, Riabov, Y, Riabov, M, Rosati, A A, Rose, S S, Ryu, N, Saito, A, Sakaguchi, T, Sakaguchi, H, Sako, T, Sakuma, V, Samsonov, T C, Sangster, R, Santo, H D, Sato, S, Sato, S, Sawada, B R, Schlei, Y, Schutz, V, Semenov, R, Seto, T K, Shea, I, Shein, T-A, Shibata, K, Shigaki, T, Shiina, Y H, Shin, I G, Sibiriak, D, Silvermyr, K S, Sim, J, Simon-Gillo, C P, Singh, V, Singh, M, Sivertz, A, Soldatov, R A, Soltz, S, Sorensen, P W, Stankus, N, Starinsky, P, Steinberg, E, Stenlund, A, Ster, S P, Stoll, M, Sugioka, T, Sugitate, J P, Sullivan, Y, Sumi, Z, Sun, M, Suzuki, E M, Takagui, A, Taketani, M, Tamai, K H, Tanaka, Y, Tanaka, E, Taniguchi, M J, Tannenbaum, J, Thomas, J H, Thomas, T L, Thomas, W, Tian, J, Tojo, H, Torii, R S, Towell, I, Tserruya, H, Tsuruoka, A A, Tsvetkov, S K, Tuli, H, Tydesjö, N, Tyurin, T, Ushiroda, H W, van Hecke, C, Velissaris, J, Velkovska, M, Velkovsky, A A, Vinogradov, M A, Volkov, A, Vorobyov, E, Vznuzdaev, H, Wang, Y, Watanabe, S N, White, C, Witzig, F K, Wohn, C L, Woody, W, Xie, K, Yagi, S, Yokkaichi, G R, Young, I E, Yushmanov, W A, Zajc, Z, Zhang, and S, Zhou
Abstract: Data from Au + Au interactions at sqrt[s(NN)]=130 GeV, obtained with the PHENIX detector at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider, are used to investigate local net charge fluctuations among particles produced near midrapidity. According to recent suggestions, such fluctuations may carry information from the quark-gluon plasma. This analysis shows that the fluctuations are dominated by a stochastic distribution of particles, but are also sensitive to other effects, like global charge conservation and resonance decays.
Published: 2002

305. Measurement of single electrons and implications for charm production in Au+Au collisions at square root[s(NN)] = 130 GeV

Author: K, Adcox, S S, Adler, N N, Ajitanand, Y, Akiba, J, Alexander, L, Aphecetche, Y, Arai, S H, Aronson, R, Averbeck, T C, Awes, K N, Barish, P D, Barnes, J, Barrette, B, Bassalleck, S, Bathe, V, Baublis, A, Bazilevsky, S, Belikov, F G, Bellaiche, S T, Belyaev, M J, Bennett, Y, Berdnikov, S, Botelho, M L, Brooks, D S, Brown, N, Bruner, D, Bucher, H, Buesching, V, Bumazhnov, G, Bunce, J, Burward-Hoy, S, Butsyk, T A, Carey, P, Chand, J, Chang, W C, Chang, L L, Chavez, S, Chernichenko, C Y, Chi, J, Chiba, M, Chiu, R K, Choudhury, T, Christ, T, Chujo, M S, Chung, P, Chung, V, Cianciolo, B A, Cole, D G, D'Enterria, G, David, H, Delagrange, A, Denisov, A, Deshpande, E J, Desmond, O, Dietzsch, B V, Dinesh, A, Drees, A, Durum, D, Dutta, K, Ebisu, Y V, Efremenko, K, El Chenawi, H, En'yo, S, Esumi, L, Ewell, T, Ferdousi, D E, Fields, S L, Fokin, Z, Fraenkel, A, Franz, A D, Frawley, S-Y, Fung, S, Garpman, T K, Ghosh, A, Glenn, A L, Godoi, Y, Goto, S V, Greene, M, Grosse Perdekamp, S K, Gupta, W, Guryn, H-A, Gustafsson, T, Hachiya, J S, Haggerty, H, Hamagaki, A G, Hansen, H, Hara, E P, Hartouni, R, Hayano, N, Hayashi, X, He, T K, Hemmick, J M, Heuser, M, Hibino, J C, Hill, D S, Ho, K, Homma, B, Hong, A, Hoover, T, Ichihara, K, Imai, M S, Ippolitov, M, Ishihara, B V, Jacak, W Y, Jang, J, Jia, B M, Johnson, S C, Johnson, K S, Joo, S, Kametani, J H, Kang, M, Kann, S S, Kapoor, S, Kelly, B, Khachaturov, A, Khanzadeev, J, Kikuchi, D J, Kim, H J, Kim, S Y, Kim, Y G, Kim, W W, Kinnison, E, Kistenev, A, Kiyomichi, C, Klein-Boesing, S, Klinksiek, L, Kochenda, V, Kochetkov, D, Koehler, T, Kohama, D, Kotchetkov, A, Kozlov, P J, Kroon, K, Kurita, M J, Kweon, Y, Kwon, G S, Kyle, R, Lacey, J G, Lajoie, J, Lauret, A, Lebedev, D M, Lee, M J, Leitch, X H, Li, Z, Li, D J, Lim, M X, Liu, X, Liu, Z, Liu, C F, Maguire, J, Mahon, Y I, Makdisi, V I, Manko, Y, Mao, S K, Mark, S, Markacs, G, Martinez, M D, Marx, A, Masaike, F, Matathias, T, Matsumoto, P L, McGaughey, E, Melnikov, M, Merschmeyer, F, Messer, M, Messer, Y, Miake, T E, Miller, A, Milov, S, Mioduszewski, R E, Mischke, G C, Mishra, J T, Mitchell, A K, Mohanty, D P, Morrison, J M, Moss, F, Mühlbacher, M, Muniruzzaman, J, Murata, S, Nagamiya, Y, Nagasaka, J L, Nagle, Y, Nakada, B K, Nandi, J, Newby, L, Nikkinen, P, Nilsson, S, Nishimura, A S, Nyanin, J, Nystrand, E, O'Brien, C A, Ogilvie, H, Ohnishi, I D, Ojha, M, Ono, V, Onuchin, A, Oskarsson, L, Osterman, I, Otterlund, K, Oyama, L, Paffrath, A P T, Palounek, V S, Pantuev, V, Papavassiliou, S F, Pate, T, Peitzmann, A N, Petridis, C, Pinkenburg, R P, Pisani, P, Pitukhin, F, Plasil, M, Pollack, K, Pope, M L, Purschke, I, Ravinovich, K F, Read, K, Reygers, V, Riabov, Y, Riabov, M, Rosati, A A, Rose, S S, Ryu, N, Saito, A, Sakaguchi, T, Sakaguchi, H, Sako, T, Sakuma, V, Samsonov, T C, Sangster, R, Santo, H D, Sato, S, Sato, S, Sawada, B R, Schlei, Y, Schutz, V, Semenov, R, Seto, T K, Shea, I, Shein, T-A, Shibata, K, Shigaki, T, Shiina, Y H, Shin, I G, Sibiriak, D, Silvermyr, K S, Sim, J, Simon-Gillo, C P, Singh, V, Singh, M, Sivertz, A, Soldatov, R A, Soltz, S, Sorensen, P W, Stankus, N, Starinsky, P, Steinberg, E, Stenlund, A, Ster, S P, Stoll, M, Sugioka, T, Sugitate, J P, Sullivan, Y, Sumi, Z, Sun, M, Suzuki, E M, Takagui, A, Taketani, M, Tamai, K H, Tanaka, Y, Tanaka, E, Taniguchi, M J, Tannenbaum, J, Thomas, J H, Thomas, T L, Thomas, W, Tian, J, Tojo, H, Torii, R S, Towell, I, Tserruya, H, Tsuruoka, A A, Tsvetkov, S K, Tuli, H, Tydesjö, N, Tyurin, T, Ushiroda, H W, Van Hecke, C, Velissaris, J, Velkovska, M, Velkovsky, A A, Vinogradov, M A, Volkov, A, Vorobyov, E, Vznuzdaev, H, Wang, Y, Watanabe, S N, White, C, Witzig, F K, Wohn, C L, Woody, W, Xie, K, Yagi, S, Yokkaichi, G R, Young, I E, Yushmanov, W A, Zajc, Z, Zhang, and S, Zhou
Abstract: Transverse momentum spectra of electrons from Au+Au collisions at square root[s(NN)] = 130 GeV have been measured at midrapidity by the PHENIX experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. The spectra show an excess above the background from photon conversions and light hadron decays. The electron signal is consistent with that expected from semileptonic decays of charm. The yield of the electron signal dN(e)/dy for p(T)0.8 GeV/c is 0.025+/-0.004(stat)+/-0.010(syst) in central collisions, and the corresponding charm cross section is 380+/-60(stat)+/-200(syst) microb per binary nucleon-nucleon collision.
Published: 2002

306. Transverse-mass dependence of two-pion correlations in Au+Au collisions at square root[s(NN)] = 130 GeV

Author: K, Adcox, S S, Adler, N N, Ajitanand, Y, Akiba, J, Alexander, L, Aphecetche, Y, Arai, S H, Aronson, R, Averbeck, T C, Awes, K N, Barish, P D, Barnes, J, Barrette, B, Bassalleck, S, Bathe, V, Baublis, A, Bazilevsky, S, Belikov, F G, Bellaiche, S T, Belyaev, M J, Bennett, Y, Berdnikov, S, Botelho, M L, Brooks, D S, Brown, N, Bruner, D, Bucher, H, Buesching, V, Bumazhnov, G, Bunce, J, Burward-Hoy, S, Butsyk, T A, Carey, P, Chand, J, Chang, W C, Chang, L L, Chavez, S, Chernichenko, C Y, Chi, J, Chiba, M, Chiu, R K, Choudhury, T, Christ, T, Chujo, M S, Chung, P, Chung, V, Cianciolo, B A, Cole, D G, D'Enterria, G, David, H, Delagrange, A, Denisov, A, Deshpande, E J, Desmond, O, Dietzsch, B V, Dinesh, A, Drees, A, Durum, D, Dutta, K, Ebisu, Y V, Efremenko, K, El Chenawi, A, Enokizono, H, En'yo, S, Esumi, L, Ewell, T, Ferdousi, D E, Fields, S L, Fokin, Z, Fraenkel, A, Franz, A D, Frawley, S-Y, Fung, S, Garpman, T K, Ghosh, A, Glenn, A L, Godoi, Y, Goto, S V, Greene, M, Grosse Perdekamp, S K, Gupta, W, Guryn, H-A, Gustafsson, J S, Haggerty, H, Hamagaki, A G, Hansen, H, Hara, E P, Hartouni, R, Hayano, N, Hayashi, X, He, T K, Hemmick, J M, Heuser, M, Hibino, J C, Hill, D S, Ho, K, Homma, B, Hong, A, Hoover, T, Ichihara, K, Imai, M S, Ippolitov, M, Ishihara, B V, Jacak, W Y, Jang, J, Jia, B M, Johnson, S C, Johnson, K S, Joo, S, Kametani, J H, Kang, M, Kann, S S, Kapoor, S, Kelly, B, Khachaturov, A, Khanzadeev, J, Kikuchi, D J, Kim, H J, Kim, S Y, Kim, Y G, Kim, W W, Kinnison, E, Kistenev, A, Kiyomichi, C, Klein-Boesing, S, Klinksiek, L, Kochenda, V, Kochetkov, D, Koehler, T, Kohama, D, Kotchetkov, A, Kozlov, P J, Kroon, K, Kurita, M J, Kweon, Y, Kwon, G S, Kyle, R, Lacey, J G, Lajoie, J, Lauret, A, Lebedev, D M, Lee, M J, Leitch, X H, Li, Z, Li, D J, Lim, M X, Liu, X, Liu, Z, Liu, C F, Maguire, J, Mahon, Y I, Makdisi, V I, Manko, Y, Mao, S K, Mark, S, Markacs, G, Martinez, M D, Marx, A, Masaike, F, Matathias, T, Matsumoto, P L, McGaughey, E, Melnikov, M, Merschmeyer, F, Messer, M, Messer, Y, Miake, T E, Miller, A, Milov, S, Mioduszewski, R E, Mischke, G C, Mishra, J T, Mitchell, A K, Mohanty, D P, Morrison, J M, Moss, F, Mühlbacher, M, Muniruzzaman, J, Murata, S, Nagamiya, Y, Nagasaka, J L, Nagle, Y, Nakada, B K, Nandi, J, Newby, L, Nikkinen, P, Nilsson, S, Nishimura, A S, Nyanin, J, Nystrand, E, O'Brien, C A, Ogilvie, H, Ohnishi, I D, Ojha, M, Ono, V, Onuchin, A, Oskarsson, L, Osterman, I, Otterlund, K, Oyama, L, Paffrath, A P T, Palounek, V S, Pantuev, V, Papavassiliou, S F, Pate, T, Peitzmann, A N, Petridis, C, Pinkenburg, R P, Pisani, P, Pitukhin, F, Plasil, M, Pollack, K, Pope, M L, Purschke, I, Ravinovich, K F, Read, K, Reygers, V, Riabov, Y, Riabov, M, Rosati, A A, Rose, S S, Ryu, N, Saito, A, Sakaguchi, T, Sakaguchi, H, Sako, T, Sakuma, V, Samsonov, T C, Sangster, R, Santo, H D, Sato, S, Sato, S, Sawada, B R, Schlei, Y, Schutz, V, Semenov, R, Seto, T K, Shea, I, Shein, T-A, Shibata, K, Shigaki, T, Shiina, Y H, Shin, I G, Sibiriak, D, Silvermyr, K S, Sim, J, Simon-Gillo, C P, Singh, V, Singh, M, Sivertz, A, Soldatov, R A, Soltz, S, Sorensen, P W, Stankus, N, Starinsky, P, Steinberg, E, Stenlund, A, Ster, S P, Stoll, M, Sugioka, T, Sugitate, J P, Sullivan, Y, Sumi, Z, Sun, M, Suzuki, E M, Takagui, A, Taketani, M, Tamai, K H, Tanaka, Y, Tanaka, E, Taniguchi, M J, Tannenbaum, J, Thomas, J H, Thomas, T L, Thomas, W, Tian, J, Tojo, H, Torii, R S, Towell, I, Tserruya, H, Tsuruoka, A A, Tsvetkov, S K, Tuli, H, Tydesjö, N, Tyurin, T, Ushiroda, H W, Van Hecke, C, Velissaris, J, Velkovska, M, Velkovsky, A A, Vinogradov, M A, Volkov, A, Vorobyov, E, Vznuzdaev, H, Wang, Y, Watanabe, S N, White, C, Witzig, F K, Wohn, C L, Woody, W, Xie, K, Yagi, S, Yokkaichi, G R, Young, I E, Yushmanov, W A, Zajc, Z, Zhang, and S, Zhou
Abstract: Two-pion correlations in square root[s(NN)] = 130 GeV Au+Au collisions at RHIC have been measured over a broad range of pair transverse momentum k(T) by the PHENIX experiment at RHIC. The k(T) dependent transverse radii are similar to results from heavy-ion collisions at square root[s(NN)] = 4.1, 4.9, and 17.3 GeV, whereas the longitudinal radius increases monotonically with beam energy. The ratio of the outwards to sidewards transverse radii (R(out)/R(side)) is consistent with unity and independent of k(T).
Published: 2002

307. Pitfalls in the measurement of metal/p‐Si contacts: The effect of hydrogen passivation

Author: F. Schrey, J. P. Sullivan, Raymond T. Tung, and William R. Graham
Subjects: Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Dopant, Passivation, Spreading resistance profiling, Silicon, Chemistry, Analytical chemistry, Mineralogy, chemistry.chemical_element, Isotropic etching, Metal, Transition metal, visual_art, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Titanium
Abstract: Chemical etching of Si, used in the preparation of clean, hydrogen‐terminated Si surfaces, was found to inject hydrogen—leading to the passivation of acceptors at depths over 0.5 μm. This effect explains the ‘‘high’’ barrier heights, the nonlinear capacitance‐voltage plots, and the nonuniform dopant profiles observed for metals deposited on unannealed, etched p‐type substrates. Room‐temperature metal deposition on atomically clean, well‐annealed p‐type substrates showed no changes in the active dopant profile, in disagreement with metal‐acceptor complex mechanisms recently proposed.
Published: 1993
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308. Interfacial defects in silicides on Si(100): ‘‘Coreless defects,’’ 1/12〈111〉 dislocations, and twinning mechanisms

Author: J. P. Sullivan, F. Schrey, Raymond T. Tung, and D. J. Eaglesham
Subjects: Materials science, Condensed matter physics, General Physics and Astronomy, Dark field microscopy, Crystallography, chemistry.chemical_compound, Electron diffraction, chemistry, Transmission electron microscopy, Silicide, Macle, Dislocation, Thin film, Crystal twinning
Abstract: ‘‘Coreless defects’’ are one of the long‐standing surprises of silicide epitaxy on Si. For symmetry reasons a NiSi2 or CoSi2 film cannot grow over a step on Si(100), but must incorporate a dislocation; apparently, however, very thin films avoided this dislocation by introducing a trench through the silicide, the coreless defect. Here we use high‐resolution microscopy, electron diffraction and dark‐field imaging to show that these defects are in fact microtwins ≊4 atomic planes thick. The twins are highly unusual in that they follow curved lines, apparently dictated by steps at the interface. A mechanism for the formation of these curved twin defects by repeated formation of a 1/12〈111〉 interfacial partial at steps is postulated.
Published: 1993
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309. Suppression of Hadrons with Large Transverse Momentum in CentralAu+AuCollisions atsNN=130GeV

Author: J. Chiba, M. Ishihara, A. Denisov, S. Sawada, S. N. White, T. L. Thomas, S. S. Kapoor, A. Franz, H. Torii, R. E. Mischke, Martin Purschke, Hiroaki Ohnishi, L. Aphecetche, Y. Tanaka, S. F. Pate, X. He, H. Tsuruoka, V. Papavassiliou, T. Ichihara, Ryugo S. Hayano, Alexei Khanzadeev, T. K. Shea, H. En'yo, R. A. Soltz, G. C. Mishra, J. Jia, A. Ster, S. Markacs, Akira Masaike, M. Grosse Perdekamp, L. Nikkinen, Y. Riabov, R. S. Towell, D. Kotchetkov, J. H. Thomas, Kenta Shigaki, F. K. Wohn, Alexander Milov, T. K. Ghosh, M. Pollack, N. Bruner, E. Stenlund, S. T. Belyaev, M. Kann, Kwang Souk Sim, Vladislav Manko, C. Witzig, Takao Sakaguchi, I. G. Sibiriak, C. Klein-Boesing, S. S. Adler, G. S. Kyle, E. Taniguchi, H. Buesching, P. Pitukhin, M. J. Bennett, David Olle Rickard Silvermyr, A. S. Nyanin, M. D. Marx, F. Messer, D. J. Lim, V. Kochetkov, Z. Fraenkel, Xingguo Li, N. Hayashi, M. Rosati, I. D. Ojha, Takehiko Matsumoto, S. Nagamiya, Sean A. Kelly, K. N. Barish, An.A. Vorobyov, D. P. Morrison, G. R. Young, C. L. Woody, D. S. Ho, Minghui Liu, C. Y. Chi, A. D. Frawley, M. Suzuki, M. Ono, M. Velkovsky, D. E. Fields, Shunji Nishimura, T. Ushiroda, T. Chujo, K. Kurita, James Alexander, Youngil Kwon, B. V. Jacak, V. E. Semenov, Charles Maguire, Y. Sumi, Wei Tian, T. Christ, N. Starinsky, Senta Greene, B. R. Schlei, K. Adcox, J. Simon-Gillo, M. Sivertz, Kenneth Francis Read, C. P. Singh, B. Khachaturov, Wei Xie, Yasushi Nagasaka, Y. H. Shin, M. Chiu, Ajit Kumar Mohanty, T. A. Carey, A. Deshpande, E. O'Brien, R. Averbeck, A. Kiyomichi, T. Peitzmann, Josh Moss, Tai Sakuma, Saskia Mioduszewski, P. D. Barnes, A. A. Vinogradov, Henrik Tydesjö, M. L. Brooks, K. S. Joo, Byung-Sik Hong, M. Tamai, S. P. Sorensen, P. L. McGaughey, V.A. Onuchin, S. Belikov, Y. Goto, W. Guryn, M. Sugioka, V. Bumazhnov, Peter M. Nilsson, A. Bazilevsky, T. A. Shibata, L. Paffrath, S. K. Tuli, E. Kistenev, Dong Jo Kim, Joakim Nystrand, J. C. Hill, P. J. Kroon, J. M. Burward-Hoy, J. G. Lajoie, H. Wang, Yves Roland Schutz, C. Pinkenburg, N. N. Ajitanand, A. Glenn, Agneta Oskarsson, T. Kohama, A. L. Godoi, J. Lauret, Mikhail Ippolitov, Susumu Sato, M. Messer, Aya Sakaguchi, A. Kozlov, C. Velissaris, T. C. Sangster, Y. Berdnikov, R. Seto, Zhedong Zhang, X. Liu, S. Yokkaichi, Lennart Osterman, Shiv K. Gupta, J. M. Heuser, I. Tserruya, Yu. Efremenko, Kazuhiro Tanaka, V. Singh, B. K. Nandi, M. Muniruzzaman, Y. Akiba, A. G. Hansen, Klaus Johannes Reygers, Y. I. Makdisi, Z. Sun, S. Botelho, Jason Newby, E. Vznuzdaev, J. Murata, E. M. Takagui, B. A. Cole, A. Durum, V. Baublis, S. Esumi, S. Kametani, J. P. Sullivan, E. P. Hartouni, A. A. Rose, Alexandre Lebedev, P. Steinberg, J. Chang, B. V. Dinesh, T. Shiina, W. A. Zajc, D. Koehler, S. Bathe, K. El Chenawi, Y. Nakada, S. K. Mark, K. Ebisu, S. P. Stoll, T. C. Awes, S. C. Johnson, Y. J. Mao, David D'Enterria, M. J. Kweon, D. S. Brown, A. A. Tsvetkov, L. Kochenda, D. M. Lee, Kensuke Homma, S. Y. Fung, E. J. Desmond, E. Melnikov, V. Cianciolo, P. Chand, Jun Kikuchi, O. Dietzsch, Sergey Fokin, Hirohiko Sato, German Martinez, J. T. Mitchell, B. M. Johnson, A. Hoover, S. Chernichenko, B. Bassalleck, F. Mühlbacher, L. Ewell, R. P. Pisani, I. Shein, H. W. Van Hecke, M. Hibino, Nikolay Tyurin, K. Oyama, A. P.T. Palounek, Dipanwita Dutta, Toru Sugitate, F. G. Bellaiche, S. Garpman, S. H. Aronson, M. J. Tannenbaum, J.R. Mahon, H. A. Gustafsson, Julia Velkovska, Z. Li, Atsushi Taketani, T. E. Miller, L. L. Chavez, K. Imai, I. E. Yushmanov, Y. Watanabe, V. S. Pantuev, R. Santo, Viktor Riabov, J. S. Haggerty, S. Y. Kim, Juergen Thomas, I. Ravinovich, F. Plasil, A. Soldatov, P. Chung, K. Pope, D. Bucher, S. S. Ryu, Junji Tojo, R. K. Choudhury, W. C. Chang, H. Delagrange, Hiroyuki Sako, W. W. Kinnison, M. J. Leitch, K. Yagi, Roy A. Lacey, S. Zhou, Markus Merschmeyer, Norio Saito, S. Butsyk, Yoshio Arai, Vladimir Samsonov, I. Otterlund, H. Hara, J. L. Nagle, M. S. Chung, Hyun-Chul Kim, M. A. Volkov, Hideki Hamagaki, G. David, C. A. Ogilvie, J. Kang, T. K. Hemmick, Yasuo Miake, Yongsun Kim, P. W. Stankus, Zhongfan Liu, W. Y. Jang, G. Bunce, T. Ferdousi, Athanasios Petridis, F. Matathias, J. Barrette, S. Klinksiek, and A. Drees
Subjects: Physics, Range (particle radiation), Particle physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Nuclear Theory, Hadron, General Physics and Astronomy, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Central region, Spectral line, Nuclear physics, Pion, 0103 physical sciences, Transverse momentum, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Jet quenching, Scaling
Abstract: Transverse momentum spectra for charged hadrons and for neutral pions in the range 1 Gev/c < P-T < 5 GeV/c have been measured by the PHENIX experiment at RHIC in Au + Au collisions at rootS(NN) = 130 GeV. At high p(T) the spectra from peripheral nuclear collisions are consistent with scaling the spectra from p + p collisions by the average number of binary nucleon-nucleon collisions. The spectra from central collisions are significantly suppressed when compared to the binary-scaled p + p expectation, and also when compared to similarly binary-scaled peripheral collisions, indicating a novel nuclear-medium effect in central nuclear collisions at RHIC energies.
Published: 2001
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310. Centrality dependence of pi(+/-), K(+/-), p, and (-)p production from sqrt[s(NN)] = 130 GeV Au + Au collisions at RHIC

Author: K, Adcox, S S, Adler, N N, Ajitanand, Y, Akiba, J, Alexander, L, Aphecetche, Y, Arai, S H, Aronson, R, Averbeck, T C, Awes, K N, Barish, P D, Barnes, J, Barrette, B, Bassalleck, S, Bathe, V, Baublis, A, Bazilevsky, S, Belikov, F G, Bellaiche, S T, Belyaev, M J, Bennett, Y, Berdnikov, S, Botelho, M L, Brooks, D S, Brown, N, Bruner, D, Bucher, H, Buesching, V, Bumazhnov, G, Bunce, J, Burward-Hoy, S, Butsyk, T A, Carey, P, Chand, J, Chang, W C, Chang, L L, Chavez, S, Chernichenko, C Y, Chi, J, Chiba, M, Chiu, R K, Choudhury, T, Christ, T, Chujo, M S, Chung, P, Chung, V, Cianciolo, B A, Cole, D G, D'Enterria, G, David, H, Delagrange, A, Denisov, A, Deshpande, E J, Desmond, O, Dietzsch, B V, Dinesh, A, Drees, A, Durum, D, Dutta, K, Ebisu, Y V, Efremenko, K, El Chenawi, H, En'yo, S, Esumi, L, Ewell, T, Ferdousi, D E, Fields, S L, Fokin, Z, Fraenkel, A, Franz, A D, Frawley, S-Y, Fung, S, Garpman, T K, Ghosh, A, Glenn, A L, Godoi, Y, Goto, S V, Greene, M, Grosse Perdekamp, S K, Gupta, W, Guryn, H-A, Gustafsson, J S, Haggerty, H, Hamagaki, A G, Hansen, H, Hara, E P, Hartouni, R, Hayano, N, Hayashi, X, He, T K, Hemmick, J M, Heuser, M, Hibino, J C, Hill, D S, Ho, K, Homma, B, Hong, A, Hoover, T, Ichihara, K, Imai, M S, Ippolitov, M, Ishihara, B V, Jacak, W Y, Jang, J, Jia, B M, Johnson, S C, Johnson, K S, Joo, S, Kametani, J H, Kang, M, Kann, S S, Kapoor, S, Kelly, B, Khachaturov, A, Khanzadeev, J, Kikuchi, D J, Kim, H J, Kim, S Y, Kim, Y G, Kim, W W, Kinnison, E, Kistenev, A, Kiyomichi, C, Klein-Boesing, S, Klinksiek, L, Kochenda, V, Kochetkov, D, Koehler, T, Kohama, D, Kotchetkov, A, Kozlov, P J, Kroon, K, Kurita, M J, Kweon, Y, Kwon, G S, Kyle, R, Lacey, J G, Lajoie, J, Lauret, A, Lebedev, D M, Lee, M J, Leitch, X H, Li, Z, Li, D J, Lim, M X, Liu, X, Liu, Z, Liu, C F, Maguire, J, Mahon, Y I, Makdisi, V I, Manko, Y, Mao, S K, Mark, S, Markacs, G, Martinez, M D, Marx, A, Masaike, F, Matathias, T, Matsumoto, P L, McGaughey, E, Melnikov, M, Merschmeyer, F, Messer, M, Messer, Y, Miake, T E, Miller, A, Milov, S, Mioduszewski, R E, Mischke, G C, Mishra, J T, Mitchell, A K, Mohanty, D P, Morrison, J M, Moss, F, Mühlbacher, M, Muniruzzaman, J, Murata, S, Nagamiya, Y, Nagasaka, J L, Nagle, Y, Nakada, B K, Nandi, J, Newby, L, Nikkinen, P, Nilsson, S, Nishimura, A S, Nyanin, J, Nystrand, E, O'Brien, C A, Ogilvie, H, Ohnishi, I D, Ojha, M, Ono, V, Onuchin, A, Oskarsson, L, Osterman, I, Otterlund, K, Oyama, L, Paffrath, A P T, Palounek, V S, Pantuev, V, Papavassiliou, S F, Pate, T, Peitzmann, A N, Petridis, C, Pinkenburg, R P, Pisani, P, Pitukhin, F, Plasil, M, Pollack, K, Pope, M L, Purschke, I, Ravinovich, K F, Read, K, Reygers, V, Riabov, Y, Riabov, M, Rosati, A A, Rose, S S, Ryu, N, Saito, A, Sakaguchi, T, Sakaguchi, H, Sako, T, Sakuma, V, Samsonov, T C, Sangster, R, Santo, H D, Sato, S, Sato, S, Sawada, B R, Schlei, Y, Schutz, V, Semenov, R, Seto, T K, Shea, I, Shein, T-A, Shibata, K, Shigaki, T, Shiina, Y H, Shin, I G, Sibiriak, D, Silvermyr, K S, Sim, J, Simon-Gillo, C P, Singh, V, Singh, M, Sivertz, A, Soldatov, R A, Soltz, S, Sorensen, P W, Stankus, N, Starinsky, P, Steinberg, E, Stenlund, A, Ster, S P, Stoll, M, Sugioka, T, Sugitate, J P, Sullivan, Y, Sumi, Z, Sun, M, Suzuki, E M, Takagui, A, Taketani, M, Tamai, K H, Tanaka, Y, Tanaka, E, Taniguchi, M J, Tannenbaum, J, Thomas, J H, Thomas, T L, Thomas, W, Tian, J, Tojo, H, Torii, R S, Towell, I, Tserruya, H, Tsuruoka, A A, Tsvetkov, S K, Tuli, H, Tydesjö, N, Tyurin, T, Ushiroda, H W, van Hecke, C, Velissaris, J, Velkovska, M, Velkovsky, A A, Vinogradov, M A, Volkov, A, Vorobyov, E, Vznuzdaev, H, Wang, Y, Watanabe, S N, White, C, Witzig, F K, Wohn, C L, Woody, W, Xie, K, Yagi, S, Yokkaichi, G R, Young, I E, Yushmanov, W A, Zajc, Z, Zhang, and S, Zhou
Abstract: Identified pi(+/-), K(+/-), p, and (-)p transverse momentum spectra at midrapidity in sqrt[s(NN)] = 130 GeV Au+Au collisions were measured by the PHENIX experiment at RHIC as a function of collision centrality. Average transverse momenta increase with the number of participating nucleons in a similar way for all particle species. Within errors, all midrapidity particle yields per participant are found to be increasing with the number of participating nucleons. There is an indication that K(+/-), p, and (-)p yields per participant increase faster than the pi(+/-) yields. In central collisions at high transverse momenta (p(T)or =2 GeV/c), (-)p and p yields are comparable to the pi(+/-) yields.
Published: 2001

311. The recent Page and Peng paper published in Experimental Gerontology 36 (2001), 695-711

Author: J P, Sullivan, S E, Fahrbach, and G E, Robinson
Subjects: Aging, Insecta, Behavior, Animal, Animals, Bees
Published: 2001

312. Comparison of alpha 1-adrenoceptor agonists in canine urethral pressure profilometry and abdominal leak point pressure models

Author: M E, Brune, A B, O'Neill, D M, Gauvin, S P, Katwala, R J, Altenbach, J D, Brioni, A A, Hancock, and J P, Sullivan
Subjects: Urodynamics, Dogs, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Urethra, Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-1, Pressure, Animals, Female, Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Agonists, Urinary Catheterization
Abstract: We describe and compare the usefulness of 3 minimally invasive dog urethral function models to demonstrate the efficacy potential of alpha 1 agonists for stress urinary incontinence. From this overall composite dataset the efficacy profiles of the alpha 1A selective agonist A-61603 and the active metabolite of midodrine ST-1059 were specifically compared.Isoflurane anesthetized multiparous female beagle dogs were used in all studies. Intraurethral pressure was measured using a 7Fr balloon catheter. Profilometry was performed using an 8Fr Millar transducer catheter. Bladder pressure required to produce leakage in response to external abdominal ballottements of increasing intensity was measured using a 5Fr transurethral catheter. Agonist responses were measured before and after increasing cumulative intravenous doses of each compound in each test.Agonist induced increases in maximal urethral closure and leak point pressure strongly correlated in linear fashion (R(2) = 0.94), as did measurements of agonist induced increases in proximal intraurethral pressure using the microtransducer or balloon catheter technique (R(2) = 0.87). A dose of 0.01 to 1 nmol./kg. A-61603 and 10 to 1,000 nmol./kg. ST-1059 intravenously each caused dose dependent increases in maximum urethral closure, leak point and intraurethral pressure.While the dose range for which alpha 1 agonists affect urethral pressure was adequately predicted by any of the 3 methods used, the leak point pressure assay described has the advantage of being a dynamic test that directly evaluates efficacy to protect against leakage caused by increases in abdominal pressure. This leak point pressure test appears be useful for the preclinical evaluation of compounds used to treat stress urinary incontinence.
Published: 2001

313. Suppression of hadrons with large transverse momentum in central Au+Au collisions at root square[s(NN)] = 130 GeV

Author: K, Adcox, S S, Adler, N N, Ajitanand, Y, Akiba, J, Alexander, L, Aphecetche, Y, Arai, S H, Aronson, R, Averbeck, T C, Awes, K N, Barish, P D, Barnes, J, Barrette, B, Bassalleck, S, Bathe, V, Baublis, A, Bazilevsky, S, Belikov, F G, Bellaiche, S T, Belyaev, M J, Bennett, Y, Berdnikov, S, Botelho, M L, Brooks, D S, Brown, N, Bruner, D, Bucher, H, Buesching, V, Bumazhnov, G, Bunce, J, Burward-Hoy, S, Butsyk, T A, Carey, P, Chand, J, Chang, W C, Chang, L L, Chavez, S, Chernichenko, C Y, Chi, J, Chiba, M, Chiu, R K, Choudhury, T, Christ, T, Chujo, M S, Chung, P, Chung, V, Cianciolo, B A, Cole, D G, D'Enterria, G, David, H, Delagrange, A, Denisov, A, Deshpande, E J, Desmond, O, Dietzsch, B V, Dinesh, A, Drees, A, Durum, D, Dutta, K, Ebisu, Y V, Efremenko, K, El Chenawi, H, En'yo, S, Esumi, L, Ewell, T, Ferdousi, D E, Fields, S L, Fokin, Z, Fraenkel, A, Franz, A D, Frawley, S-Y, Fung, S, Garpman, T K, Ghosh, A, Glenn, A L, Godoi, Y, Goto, S V, Greene, M, Grosse Perdekamp, S K, Gupta, W, Guryn, H-A, Gustafsson, J S, Haggerty, H, Hamagaki, A G, Hansen, H, Hara, E P, Hartouni, R, Hayano, N, Hayashi, X, He, T K, Hemmick, J M, Heuser, M, Hibino, J C, Hill, D S, Ho, K, Homma, B, Hong, A, Hoover, T, Ichihara, K, Imai, M S, Ippolitov, M, Ishihara, B V, Jacak, W Y, Jang, J, Jia, B M, Johnson, S C, Johnson, K S, Joo, S, Kametani, J H, Kang, M, Kann, S S, Kapoor, S, Kelly, B, Khachaturov, A, Khanzadeev, J, Kikuchi, D J, Kim, H J, Kim, S Y, Kim, Y G, Kim, W W, Kinnison, E, Kistenev, A, Kiyomichi, C, Klein-Boesing, S, Klinksiek, L, Kochenda, V, Kochetkov, D, Koehler, T, Kohama, D, Kotchetkov, A, Kozlov, P J, Kroon, K, Kurita, M J, Kweon, Y, Kwon, G S, Kyle, R, Lacey, J G, Lajoie, J, Lauret, A, Lebedev, D M, Lee, M J, Leitch, X H, Li, Z, Li, D J, Lim, M X, Liu, X, Liu, Z, Liu, C F, Maguire, J, Mahon, Y I, Makdisi, V I, Manko, Y, Mao, S K, Mark, S, Markacs, G, Martinez, M D, Marx, A, Masaike, F, Matathias, T, Matsumoto, P L, McGaughey, E, Melnikov, M, Merschmeyer, F, Messer, M, Messer, Y, Miake, T E, Miller, A, Milov, S, Mioduszewski, R E, Mischke, G C, Mishra, J T, Mitchell, A K, Mohanty, D P, Morrison, J M, Moss, F, Mühlbacher, M, Muniruzzaman, J, Murata, S, Nagamiya, Y, Nagasaka, J L, Nagle, Y, Nakada, B K, Nandi, J, Newby, L, Nikkinen, P, Nilsson, S, Nishimura, A S, Nyanin, J, Nystrand, E, O'Brien, C A, Ogilvie, H, Ohnishi, I D, Ojha, M, Ono, V, Onuchin, A, Oskarsson, L, Osterman, I, Otterlund, K, Oyama, L, Paffrath, A P T, Palounek, V S, Pantuev, V, Papavassiliou, S F, Pate, T, Peitzmann, A N, Petridis, C, Pinkenburg, R P, Pisani, P, Pitukhin, F, Plasil, M, Pollack, K, Pope, M L, Purschke, I, Ravinovich, K F, Read, K, Reygers, V, Riabov, Y, Riabov, M, Rosati, A A, Rose, S S, Ryu, N, Saito, A, Sakaguchi, T, Sakaguchi, H, Sako, T, Sakuma, V, Samsonov, T C, Sangster, R, Santo, H D, Sato, S, Sato, S, Sawada, B R, Schlei, Y, Schutz, V, Semenov, R, Seto, T K, Shea, I, Shein, T-A, Shibata, K, Shigaki, T, Shiina, Y H, Shin, I G, Sibiriak, D, Silvermyr, K S, Sim, J, Simon-Gillo, C P, Singh, V, Singh, M, Sivertz, A, Soldatov, R A, Soltz, S, Sorensen, P W, Stankus, N, Starinsky, P, Steinberg, E, Stenlund, A, Ster, S P, Stoll, M, Sugioka, T, Sugitate, J P, Sullivan, Y, Sumi, Z, Sun, M, Suzuki, E M, Takagui, A, Taketani, M, Tamai, K H, Tanaka, Y, Tanaka, E, Taniguchi, M J, Tannenbaum, J, Thomas, J H, Thomas, T L, Thomas, W, Tian, J, Tojo, H, Torii, R S, Towell, I, Tserruya, H, Tsuruoka, A A, Tsvetkov, S K, Tuli, H, Tydesjö, N, Tyurin, T, Ushiroda, H W, van Hecke, C, Velissaris, J, Velkovska, M, Velkovsky, A A, Vinogradov, M A, Volkov, A, Vorobyov, E, Vznuzdaev, H, Wang, Y, Watanabe, S N, White, C, Witzig, F K, Wohn, C L, Woody, W, Xie, K, Yagi, S, Yokkaichi, G R, Young, I E, Yushmanov, W A, Zajc, Z, Zhang, and S, Zhou
Abstract: Transverse momentum spectra for charged hadrons and for neutral pions in the range 1 GeV/cp(T)5 GeV/c have been measured by the PHENIX experiment at RHIC in Au+Au collisions at root square[s(NN)] = 130 GeV. At high p(T) the spectra from peripheral nuclear collisions are consistent with scaling the spectra from p+p collisions by the average number of binary nucleon-nucleon collisions. The spectra from central collisions are significantly suppressed when compared to the binary-scaled p+p expectation, and also when compared to similarly binary-scaled peripheral collisions, indicating a novel nuclear-medium effect in central nuclear collisions at RHIC energies.
Published: 2001

314. Two-Kaon Correlations in CentralPb+PbCollisions at158AGeV/c

Author: Y. Sumi, T. J. Humanic, J. Schmidt-Sørensen, S.U. Pandey, A. Ljubicic, L. Conin, M. Potekhin, G. Paić, J. Pluta, B. V. Jacak, D. Hardtke, A. Medvedev, D. Ferenc, N. Maeda, Michael Murray, A. Sakaguchi, K. Wolf, Hiroaki Ohnishi, C.W. Fabjan, T. Kohama, J. P. Sullivan, M. Leltchouk, W. E. Sondheim, J. Dodd, J. G. Boissevain, H. Bøggild, K. Kaimi, Masashi Kaneta, Nu Xu, J. J. Gaardhøje, H. W. Van Hecke, B. Erazmus, E. B. Holzer, Ole Hansen, Alex Hansen, Toru Sugitate, M. Kopytine, D. Reichhold, A. Franz, S. Esumi, Daniel S. Zachary, J. Simon-Gillo, Peter Leth Christiansen, L. Martin, P. Hummel, B. Lörstad, Ian Gardner Bearden, V. Polychronakos, Gilbert Poulard, W.J. Willis, and F. Piuz
Subjects: Nuclear reaction, Physics, Nuclear physics, Particle physics, Transverse plane, Duration time, General Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Sensitivity (control systems), Nuclear Experiment, Scaling
Abstract: Two-particle interferometry of positive kaons is studied in Pb+Pb collisions at mean transverse momenta {approx} 0.25 and 0.91 GeV/c . A three-dimensional analysis was applied to the lower p{sub T} data, while a two-dimensional analysis was used for the higher p{sub T} data. We find that the source-size parameters are consistent with the m{sub T} scaling curve observed in pion-correlation measurements in the same collisions, and that the duration time of kaon emission is consistent with zero within the experimental sensitivity.
Published: 2001
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315. Measurement of the Midrapidity Transverse Energy Distribution fromsNN=130GeVAu+AuCollisions at RHIC

Author: B. Khachaturov, D. Kochetkov, T. Matsumoto, Agneta Oskarsson, Dong Jo Kim, Y. Berdnikov, Y. Akiba, J. Simon-Gillo, Joakim Nystrand, H. Hara, O. Dietzsch, Lennart Osterman, S. Nagamiya, Kazuhiro Tanaka, A. Glenn, A. Taketani, Klaus Johannes Reygers, H. Delagrange, D. E. Fields, T. Ushiroda, I. Ravinovich, B. V. Jacak, Dipanwita Dutta, Zhen Zhang, F. Plasil, R. A. Soltz, Julia Velkovska, K. Yagi, S. Zhou, J.R. Mahon, M. Messer, A. Kozlov, T. A. Carey, S. S. Ryu, Hiroaki Ohnishi, C. Velissaris, R. Seto, M. Grosse Perdekamp, A. Kiyomichi, Markus Merschmeyer, A. L. Godoi, A. Ster, Hideki Hamagaki, G. David, I. Tserruya, Yu. Efremenko, V. Singh, Y. I. Makdisi, M. Rosati, M. Velkovsky, X. Liu, E. Taniguchi, Alexei Khanzadeev, I. Sibiriak, P. Chand, S. S. Adler, Athanasios Petridis, D. Koehler, K. Ebisu, M. Pollack, N. Bruner, E. Stenlund, A. A. Vinogradov, Henrik Tydesjö, L. Nikkinen, P. Pitukhin, F. Matathias, T. E. Miller, David Olle Rickard Silvermyr, S. N. White, X. He, W. A. Zajc, F. Messer, E. Vznuzdaev, N. N. Ajitanand, T. Peitzmann, Shunji Nishimura, Jiangyong Jia, Y. Goto, J. Barrette, R. Santo, H. Buesching, An.A. Vorobyov, J. H. Kang, J. S. Haggerty, S. T. Belyaev, V. Baublis, A. Denisov, S. Y. Kim, V. Cianciolo, Sergey Fokin, M. Suzuki, P. Chung, K. Pope, G. S. Kyle, S. Klinksiek, A. Drees, James Alexander, R. Averbeck, Byung-Sik Hong, M. J. Tannenbaum, Hirohiko Sato, S. K. Tuli, Alexander Milov, N. Starinsky, V. S. Pantuev, K. Adcox, A. Hoover, Saskia Mioduszewski, V. Bumazhnov, C. Witzig, M. Chiu, Ajit Kumar Mohanty, T. A. Shibata, G. R. Young, Xingguo Li, K. N. Barish, M. Ono, Senta Greene, P. W. Stankus, A. Bazilevsky, Y. H. Shin, Y. Watanabe, Junji Tojo, B. K. Nandi, D. P. Morrison, E. J. Desmond, F. K. Wohn, T. K. Ghosh, W. Guryn, H. W. Van Hecke, K. Kurita, R. Lacey, I. D. Ojha, E. O'Brien, D. Bucher, M. Hibino, Yasushi Nagasaka, V. E. Semenov, H. Wang, Yves Roland Schutz, C. Pinkenburg, M. Sivertz, S. P. Stoll, J. T. Mitchell, Z. Sun, T. C. Awes, A. A. Rose, Alexandre Lebedev, A. Durum, M. L. Brooks, German Martinez, M. Sugioka, T. Christ, Jun Kikuchi, J. P. Sullivan, Shiv K. Gupta, E. P. Hartouni, H. En'yo, W. W. Kinnison, D. J. Lim, M. J. Leitch, P. D. Barnes, G. Bunce, Masamichi Ishihara, J. Chiba, D. M. Lee, A. Soldatov, A. P.T. Palounek, Minghui Liu, D. S. Brown, H. Tsuruoka, I. E. Yushmanov, S. Y. Fung, S. Garpman, T. Ferdousi, Kenneth Francis Read, K. S. Sim, S. P. Sorensen, Vladislav Manko, Steven Kelly, T. Ichihara, E. M. Takagui, H. A. Gustafsson, S. Yokkaichi, J. M. Heuser, Peter M. Nilsson, John Hill, K. Oyama, Y. Nakada, Y. J. Kwon, R. S. Towell, M. A. Volkov, G. C. Mishra, Tai Sakuma, P. J. Kroon, S. Markacs, Toru Sugitate, J. H. Thomas, R. E. Mischke, L. L. Chavez, J. G. Lajoie, P. L. McGaughey, Jason Newby, J. Murata, Z. Li, K. Imai, C. A. Ogilvie, J. M. Burward-Hoy, M. D. Marx, A. G. Hansen, Takao Sakaguchi, Susumu Sato, T. K. Hemmick, W. C. Chang, C. Klein-Boesing, M. Muniruzzaman, Viktor Riabov, Y. G. Kim, Yasuo Miake, Zhongfan Liu, M. J. Bennett, L. Kochenda, V. I. Kochetkov, C. L. Woody, A. A. Tsvetkov, A. D. Frawley, W. Y. Jang, S. Botelho, N. Hayashi, T. Chujo, I. Shein, F. G. Bellaiche, D. S. Ho, H. Torii, T. L. Thomas, Hiroyuki Sako, S. H. Aronson, Ryugo S. Hayano, B. V. Dinesh, C. Y. Chi, J. Chang, Y. Riabov, Kenta Shigaki, A. S. Nyanin, Norio Saito, Yoshio Arai, S. Kametani, C. P. Singh, B. M. Johnson, J. Lauret, Aya Sakaguchi, S. Butsyk, Vladimir Samsonov, I. Otterlund, S. Bathe, Brian Cole, Kensuke Homma, E. Melnikov, S. Chernichenko, B. Bassalleck, F. Mühlbacher, L. Ewell, J. L. Nagle, S. K. Mark, M. S. Chung, T. Kohama, David D'Enterria, R. P. Pisani, Nikolay Tyurin, T. Shiina, V.A. Onuchin, S. Belikov, K. S. Joo, S. F. Pate, T. C. Sangster, L. Paffrath, B. R. Schlei, S. Esumi, K. El Chenawi, Martin Purschke, V. Papavassiliou, Z. Fraenkel, R. K. Choudhury, S. C. Johnson, Y. J. Mao, M. J. Kweon, S. Sawada, A. Franz, S. S. Kapoor, H. J. Kim, Juergen Thomas, Charles Maguire, Y. Sumi, Wei Tian, Josh Moss, M. Tamai, E. Kistenev, Mikhail Ippolitov, Y. Tanaka, T. K. Shea, M. Kann, Wei Xie, A. Deshpande, L. Aphecetche, Akira Masaike, and P. Steinberg
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear reaction, Particle physics, Large Hadron Collider, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, General Physics and Astronomy, 16. Peace & justice, Kinetic energy, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Charged particle, Ion, Nuclear physics, Transverse plane, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Nucleon, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract: The first measurement of energy produced transverse to the beam direction at RHIC is presented. The mid-rapidity transverse energy density per participating nucleon rises steadily with the number of participants, closely paralleling the rise in charged-particle density, such that E_T / N_ch remains relatively constant as a function of centrality. The energy density calculated via Bjorken's prescription for the 2% most central Au+Au collisions at sqrt(s_NN)=130 GeV is at least epsilon_Bj = 4.6 GeV/fm^3 which is a factor of 1.6 larger than found at sqrt(s_NN)=17.2 GeV (Pb+Pb at CERN).
Published: 2001
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316. Activators of soluble guanylate cyclase for the treatment of male erectile dysfunction

Author: J D Brioni, J P Sullivan, M Nakane, G C Hsieh, T Kolasa, and Robert B. Moreland
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Indazoles, Sildenafil, Urology, Allosteric regulation, Enzyme Activators, Stimulation, Nitric oxide, chemistry.chemical_compound, Erectile Dysfunction, In vivo, Internal medicine, medicine, Animals, Humans, chemistry.chemical_classification, business.industry, Male erectile dysfunction, PDE5 drug design, Enzyme, Endocrinology, chemistry, Solubility, Guanylate Cyclase, business, Allosteric Site
Abstract: Soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) is an important enzyme in corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells as it is one of the regulators of the synthesis of cGMP. The efficacy of sildenafil (Viagra) in the treatment of male erectile dysfunction indicates the importance of the cGMP system in the erectile response as the increased levels of cGMP induce relaxation of the corpus cavernosum. sGC is physiologically activated by nitric oxide (NO) during sexual stimulation, and its activity can be pharmacologically enhanced by several NO-donors. Agents like YC-1 can also activate sGC after binding to a novel allosteric site in the enzyme, a site different from the NO binding site. YC-1 can relax rabbit cavernosal tissue and it facilitates penile erection in vivo. This review summarizes the enzymology, biochemistry and pharmacology of this novel allosteric site and its relevance for the regulation of penile function. This type of sGC activators represent a new class of compounds with a different pharmacological profile in comparison to the classical NO-donors and they could be beneficial for the treatment of male erectile dysfunction.
Published: 2001

317. Measurement of the midrapidity transverse energy distribution from square root of [(s)NN] = 130 GeV Au + Au collisions at RHIC

Author: K, Adcox, S S, Adler, N N, Ajitanand, Y, Akiba, J, Alexander, L, Aphecetche, Y, Arai, S H, Aronson, R, Averbeck, T C, Awes, K N, Barish, P D, Barnes, J, Barrette, B, Bassalleck, S, Bathe, V, Baublis, A, Bazilevsky, S, Belikov, F G, Bellaiche, S T, Belyaev, M J, Bennett, Y, Berdnikov, S, Botelho, M L, Brooks, D S, Brown, N, Bruner, D, Bucher, H, Buesching, V, Bumazhnov, G, Bunce, J, Burward-Hoy, S, Butsyk, T A, Carey, P, Chand, J, Chang, W C, Chang, L L, Chavez, S, Chernichenko, C Y, Chi, J, Chiba, M, Chiu, R K, Choudhury, T, Christ, T, Chujo, M S, Chung, P, Chung, V, Cianciolo, B A, Cole, D G, D'Enterria, G, David, H, Delagrange, A, Denisov, A, Deshpande, E J, Desmond, O, Dietzsch, B V, Dinesh, A, Drees, A, Durum, D, Dutta, K, Ebisu, Y V, Efremenko, K, El Chenawi, H, En'yo, S, Esumi, L, Ewell, T, Ferdousi, D E, Fields, S L, Fokin, Z, Fraenkel, A, Franz, A D, Frawley, S Y, Fung, S, Garpman, T K, Ghosh, A, Glenn, A L, Godoi, Y, Goto, S V, Greene, M, Grosse Perdekamp, S K, Gupta, W, Guryn, H A, Gustafsson, J S, Haggerty, H, Hamagaki, A G, Hansen, H, Hara, E P, Hartouni, R, Hayano, N, Hayashi, X, He, T K, Hemmick, J M, Heuser, M, Hibino, J C, Hill, D S, Ho, K, Homma, B, Hong, A, Hoover, T, Ichihara, K, Imai, M S, Ippolitov, M, Ishihara, B V, Jacak, W Y, Jang, J, Jia, B M, Johnson, S C, Johnson, K S, Joo, S, Kametani, J H, Kang, M, Kann, S S, Kapoor, S, Kelly, B, Khachaturov, A, Khanzadeev, J, Kikuchi, D J, Kim, H J, Kim, S Y, Kim, Y G, Kim, W W, Kinnison, E, Kistenev, A, Kiyomichi, C, Klein-Boesing, S, Klinksiek, L, Kochenda, D, Kochetkov, V, Kochetkov, D, Koehler, T, Kohama, A, Kozlov, P J, Kroon, K, Kurita, M J, Kweon, Y, Kwon, G S, Kyle, R, Lacey, J G, Lajoie, J, Lauret, A, Lebedev, D M, Lee, M J, Leitch, X H, Li, Z, Li, D J, Lim, M X, Liu, X, Liu, Z, Liu, C F, Maguire, J, Mahon, Y I, Makdisi, V I, Manko, Y, Mao, S K, Mark, S, Markacs, G, Martinez, M D, Marx, A, Masaike, F, Matathias, T, Matsumoto, P L, McGaughey, E, Melnikov, M, Merschmeyer, F, Messer, M, Messer, Y, Miake, T E, Miller, A, Milov, S, Mioduszewski, R E, Mischke, G C, Mishra, J T, Mitchell, A K, Mohanty, D P, Morrison, J M, Moss, F, Mühlbacher, M, Muniruzzaman, J, Murata, S, Nagamiya, Y, Nagasaka, J L, Nagle, Y, Nakada, B K, Nandi, J, Newby, L, Nikkinen, P, Nilsson, S, Nishimura, A S, Nyanin, J, Nystrand, E, O'Brien, C A, Ogilvie, H, Ohnishi, I D, Ojha, M, Ono, V, Onuchin, A, Oskarsson, L, Osterman, I, Otterlund, K, Oyama, L, Paffrath, A P, Palounek, V S, Pantuev, V, Papavassiliou, S F, Pate, T, Peitzmann, A N, Petridis, C, Pinkenburg, R P, Pisani, P, Pitukhin, F, Plasil, M, Pollack, K, Pope, M L, Purschke, I, Ravinovich, K F, Read, K, Reygers, V, Riabov, Y, Riabov, M, Rosati, A A, Rose, S S, Ryu, N, Saito, A, Sakaguchi, T, Sakaguchi, H, Sako, T, Sakuma, V, Samsonov, T C, Sangster, R, Santo, H D, Sato, S, Sato, S, Sawada, B R, Schlei, Y, Schutz, V, Semenov, R, Seto, T K, Shea, I, Shein, T A, Shibata, K, Shigaki, T, Shiina, Y H, Shin, I G, Sibiriak, D, Silvermyr, K S, Sim, J, Simon-Gillo, C P, Singh, V, Singh, M, Sivertz, A, Soldatov, R A, Soltz, S, Sorensen, P W, Stankus, N, Starinsky, P, Steinberg, E, Stenlund, A, Ster, S P, Stoll, M, Sugioka, T, Sugitate, J P, Sullivan, Y, Sumi, Z, Sun, M, Suzuki, E M, Takagui, A, Taketani, M, Tamai, K H, Tanaka, Y, Tanaka, E, Taniguchi, M J, Tannenbaum, J, Thomas, J H, Thomas, T L, Thomas, W, Tian, J, Tojo, H, Torii, R S, Towell, I, Tserruya, H, Tsuruoka, A A, Tsvetkov, S K, Tuli, H, Tydesjö, N, Tyurin, T, Ushiroda, H W, van Hecke, C, Velissaris, J, Velkovska, M, Velkovsky, A A, Vinogradov, M A, Volkov, A, Vorobyov, E, Vznuzdaev, H, Wang, Y, Watanabe, S N, White, C, Witzig, F K, Wohn, C L, Woody, W, Xie, K, Yagi, S, Yokkaichi, G R, Young, I E, Yushmanov, W A, Zajc, Z, Zhang, and S, Zhou
Abstract: The first measurement of energy produced transverse to the beam direction at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider at Brookhaven National Laboratory is presented. The midrapidity transverse energy density per participating nucleon rises steadily with the number of participants, closely paralleling the rise in charged-particle density, such thatE(T)/N(ch)remains relatively constant as a function of centrality. The energy density calculated via Bjorken's prescription for the 2% most central Au+Au collisions at square root[s(NN)] = 130 GeV is at least epsilon(Bj) = 4.6 GeV/fm(3), which is a factor of 1.6 larger than found at sqrt[s(NN)] = 17.2 GeV ( Pb+Pb at CERN).
Published: 2001

318. Excitation of electronic states of Ar, H(2), and N(2) by positron impact

Author: J P, Sullivan, J P, Marler, S J, Gilbert, S J, Buckman, and C M, Surko
Abstract: We have measured the first state-resolved, absolute cross sections for positron excitation of electronic states of an atom or molecule using a high resolution (Delta E approximately 25 meV FWHM) beam of positrons from a Penning-Malmberg trap. We present cross sections for the excitation of the low-lying levels of Ar, H(2), and N(2) for incident positron energies between threshold and 30 eV. For Ar and H2, comparison can be made with theoretical calculations, and, in the case of H(2), the results resolve a significant discrepancy between the only two available calculations.
Published: 2001

319. Functional implication of spare ATP-sensitive K(+) channels in bladder smooth muscle cells

Author: C C, Shieh, J, Feng, S A, Buckner, J D, Brioni, M J, Coghlan, J P, Sullivan, and M, Gopalakrishnan
Subjects: Potassium Channels, Pyridines, Swine, Muscle Relaxation, Pinacidil, Vasodilator Agents, Guinea Pigs, Urinary Bladder, Membrane Proteins, Muscle, Smooth, In Vitro Techniques, Amides, Guanidines, Acetylcholine, Membrane Potentials, Electrophysiology, Benzophenones, Animals, Drug Interactions
Abstract: ATP-sensitive K(+) (K(ATP)) channels play important roles in the regulation of excitability in urinary bladder smooth muscle cells. Patch-clamp studies revealed that the current density was about 9-fold higher in the pig bladder smooth muscle cells, compared with guinea pig, although the rank order of potencies for suppression of electrical field-stimulated contraction of bladder strips by K(ATP) channel openers (KCOs) showed a nearly 1:1 correlation between pig and guinea pig. To investigate the existence of spare K(ATP) channels, P1075-evoked current and membrane potential responses were studied in bladder smooth muscle cells. During a 10-min exposure to P1075 (10 microM), K(ATP) currents ran down by approximately 30.5%, whereas membrane hyperpolarization remained constant. P1075 evoked membrane hyperpolarization with an EC(50) value of 0.20 +/- 0.02 microM, comparable to that required for smooth muscle relaxation (EC(50) = 0.11 +/- 0.01 microM). However, these potencies are 6-fold higher than those required for current activation (EC(50) = 0.73 +/- 0.4 microM). These findings demonstrate that the reduction in membrane excitability by KCOs is associated with membrane hyperpolarization, and that a low amount of K(ATP) channel opening is sufficient to suppress bladder smooth muscle contraction.
Published: 2001

320. Aerodynamic losses in a strut and duct flow with lift

Author: J. P. Sullivan, Steven H. Collicott, and Jens Lindqvist
Subjects: Lift (force), Materials science, Aerodynamics, Marine engineering
Published: 2001
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321. Strong impact parameter dependence of preequilibrium particle emission in nucleus-nucleus colli¬sions at in¬termediate energies

Author: J. PETER, J. P. SULLIVAN, D. CUSSOL, G. BIZARD, R. BROU, M. LOUVEL, J. P. PATRY, R. REGIMBART, J. C. STECKMEYER, B. TAMAIN, E. CREMA, H. DOUBRE, K. HAGEL, G. M. JIN, A. PEGHAIRE, F. SAINT LAURENT, Y. CASSAGNOU, R. LEGRAIN, C. LEBRUN, R. MCGRATH, S. C. JEONG, S. M. LEE, Y. NAGASHIMA, T. NAKAGAWA, M. OGIHARA, J. KASAGI E. T. MOTOBAYASHI, ROSATO, ELIO, J., Peter, J. P., Sullivan, D., Cussol, G., Bizard, R., Brou, M., Louvel, J. P., Patry, R., Regimbart, J. C., Steckmeyer, B., Tamain, E., Crema, H., Doubre, K., Hagel, G. M., Jin, A., Peghaire, F., SAINT LAURENT, Y., Cassagnou, R., Legrain, C., Lebrun, Rosato, Elio, R., Mcgrath, S. C., Jeong, S. M., Lee, Y., Nagashima, T., Nakagawa, M., Ogihara, and J. KASAGI E. T., Motobayashi
Published: 1990

322. Disappearance of flow as a function of impact parameter and energy in nucleus-nucleus collisions

Author: J. P. SULLIVAN, J. PETER, D. CUSSOL, G. BIZARD, R. BROU, M. LOUVEL, J. P. PATRY, R. REGIMBART, J. C. STECKMEYER, B. TAMAIN, E. CREMA, H. DOUBRE, K. HAGEL, G. M. JIN, A. PEGHAIRE, F. SAIN LAURENT, Y. CASSAGNOU, R. LEGRAIN, C. LEBRUN, R. MCGRATH, S. C. JEONG, S. M. LEE, Y. NAGASHIMA, T. NAKAGAWA, M. OGIHARA, J. KASAGI E. T. MOTOBAYASHI, ROSATO, ELIO, J. P., Sullivan, J., Peter, D., Cussol, G., Bizard, R., Brou, M., Louvel, J. P., Patry, R., Regimbart, J. C., Steckmeyer, B., Tamain, E., Crema, H., Doubre, K., Hagel, G. M., Jin, A., Peghaire, F., SAIN LAURENT, Y., Cassagnou, R., Legrain, C., Lebrun, Rosato, Elio, R., Mcgrath, S. C., Jeong, S. M., Lee, Y., Nagashima, T., Nakagawa, M., Ogihara, and J. KASAGI E. T., Motobayashi
Published: 1990

323. Using global variables for impact parameter determination in nucleus-nucleus collisions below 100 MeV/u

Author: J. Péter, J. P. Sullivan, D. Cussol, G. Bizard, R. Brou, M. Louvel, J. P. Patry, R. Régimbart, J. C. Steckmeyer, B. Tamain, E. Crema, H. Doubre, K. Hagel, G. M. Jin, A. Péghaire, F. Saint Laurent, Y. Cassagnou, R. Legrain, C. Lebrun, R. McGrath, S. C. Jeong, S. M. Lee, Y. Nagashima, T. Nakagawa, M. Ogihara, J. Kasagi, T. Motobayashi, ROSATO, ELIO, B.Heusch, M.Ishihara, J., Péter, J. P., Sullivan, D., Cussol, G., Bizard, R., Brou, M., Louvel, J. P., Patry, R., Régimbart, J. C., Steckmeyer, B., Tamain, E., Crema, H., Doubre, K., Hagel, G. M., Jin, A., Péghaire, F., Saint Laurent, Y., Cassagnou, R., Legrain, C., Lebrun, Rosato, Elio, R., Mcgrath, S. C., Jeong, S. M., Lee, Y., Nagashima, T., Nakagawa, M., Ogihara, J., Kasagi, and T., Motobayashi
Published: 1990

324. Global variables and impact parameter determination in nucleus-nucleus collisions below 100 MeV/u

Author: J. PTER, J. P. SULLIVAN, D. CUSSOL, G. BIZARD, R. BROU, M. LOUVEL, J. P. PATRY, R. REGIMBART, J. C. STECKMEYER, B. TAMAIN, E. CREMA, H. DOUBRE, K. HAGEL, G. M. JIN, A. PEGHAIRE, F. SAINT LAURENT, Y. CASSAGNOU, R. LEGRAIN, C. LEBRUN, R. MCGRATH, S. C. JEONG, S. M. LEE, Y. NAGASHIMA, T. NAKAGAWA, M. OGIHARA, J. KASAGI E. T. MOTOBAYASHI, ROSATO, ELIO, J., Pter, J. P., Sullivan, D., Cussol, G., Bizard, R., Brou, M., Louvel, J. P., Patry, R., Regimbart, J. C., Steckmeyer, B., Tamain, E., Crema, H., Doubre, K., Hagel, G. M., Jin, A., Peghaire, F., SAINT LAURENT, Y., Cassagnou, R., Legrain, C., Lebrun, Rosato, Elio, R., Mcgrath, S. C., Jeong, S. M., Lee, Y., Nagashima, T., Nakagawa, M., Ogihara, and J. KASAGI E. T., Motobayashi
Published: 1990

325. Exclusive study of nucleus-nucleus reactions at intermediate energies: impact parameter depend¬ence of pre-equilibrium emission, collective flow and hot nuclei formation

Author: J. PETER, J. P. SULLIVAN, D. CUSSOL, G. BIZARD, R. BROU, M. LOUVEL, J. P. PATRY, R. REGIMBART, J. C. STECKMEYER, B. TAMAIN, E. CREMA, H. DOUBRE, K. HAGEL, G. M. JIN, A. PEGHAIRE, F. SAINT LAURENT, Y. CASSAGNOU, R. LEGRAIN, C. LEBRUN, R. MCGRATH, S. C. JEONG, S. M. LEE, Y. NAGASHIMA, T. NAKAGAWA, M. OGIHARA, J. KASAGI E. T. MOTOBAYASHI, ROSATO, ELIO, J., Peter, J. P., Sullivan, D., Cussol, G., Bizard, R., Brou, M., Louvel, J. P., Patry, R., Regimbart, J. C., Steckmeyer, B., Tamain, E., Crema, H., Doubre, K., Hagel, G. M., Jin, A., Peghaire, F., SAINT LAURENT, Y., Cassagnou, R., Legrain, C., Lebrun, Rosato, Elio, R., Mcgrath, S. C., Jeong, S. M., Lee, Y., Nagashima, T., Nakagawa, M., Ogihara, and J. KASAGI E. T., Motobayashi
Published: 1990

326. Potassium channels: molecular defects, diseases, and therapeutic opportunities

Author: C C, Shieh, M, Coghlan, J P, Sullivan, and M, Gopalakrishnan
Subjects: Long QT Syndrome, Potassium Channels, Alzheimer Disease, Animals, Humans, Apoptosis, Kidney Diseases, Hearing Disorders
Abstract: Potassium channels play important roles in vital cellular signaling processes in both excitable and nonexcitable cells. Over 50 human genes encoding various K(+) channels have been cloned during the past decade, and precise biophysical properties, subunit stoichiometry, channel assembly, and modulation by second messenger and ligands have been elucidated to a large extent. Recent advances in genetic linkage analysis have greatly facilitated the identification of many disease-producing loci, and naturally occurring mutations in various K(+) channels have been identified in diseases such as long-QT syndromes, episodic ataxia/myokymia, familial convulsions, hearing and vestibular diseases, Bartter's syndrome, and familial persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy. In addition, changes in K(+) channel function have been associated with cardiac hypertrophy and failure, apoptosis and oncogenesis, and various neurodegenerative and neuromuscular disorders. This review aims to 1) provide an understanding of K(+) channel function at the molecular level in the context of disease processes and 2) discuss the progress, hurdles, challenges, and opportunities in the exploitation of K(+) channels as therapeutic targets by pharmacological and emerging genetic approaches.
Published: 2000

327. Centrality dependence of charged particle multiplicity in Au-Au collisions at square root of (s)NN = 130 GeV

Author: K, Adcox, S S, Adler, N N, Ajitanand, Y, Akiba, J, Alexander, L, Aphecetche, Y, Arai, S H, Aronson, R, Averbeck, T C, Awes, K N, Barish, P D, Barnes, J, Barrette, B, Bassalleck, S, Bathe, V, Baublis, A, Bazilevsky, S, Belikov, F G, Bellaiche, S T, Belyaev, M J, Bennett, Y, Berdnikov, S, Botelho, M L, Brooks, D S, Brown, N, Bruner, D, Bucher, H, Buesching, V, Bumazhnov, G, Bunce, J, Burward-Hoy, S, Butsyk, T A, Carey, P, Chand, J, Chang, W C, Chang, L L, Chavez, S, Chernichenko, C Y, Chi, J, Chiba, M, Chiu, R K, Choudhury, T, Christ, T, Chujo, M S, Chung, P, Chung, V, Cianciolo, B A, Cole, D G, D'Enterria, G, David, H, Delagrange, A, Denisov, A, Deshpande, E J, Desmond, O, Dietzsch, B V, Dinesh, A, Drees, A, Durum, D, Dutta, K, Ebisu, Y V, Efremenko, K, El Chenawi, H, En'yo, S, Esumi, L, Ewell, T, Ferdousi, D E, Fields, S L, Fokin, Z, Fraenkel, A, Franz, A D, Frawley, S Y, Fung, S, Garpman, T K, Ghosh, A, Glenn, A L, Godoi, Y, Goto, S V, Greene, M, Grosse Perdekamp, S K, Gupta, W, Guryn, H A, Gustafsson, J S, Haggerty, H, Hamagaki, A G, Hansen, H, Hara, E P, Hartouni, R, Hayano, N, Hayashi, X, He, T K, Hemmick, J, Heuser, M, Hibino, J C, Hill, D S, Ho, K, Homma, B, Hong, A, Hoover, T, Ichihara, K, Imai, M S, Ippolitov, M, Ishihara, B V, Jacak, W Y, Jang, J, Jia, B M, Johnson, S C, Johnson, K S, Joo, S, Kametani, J H, Kang, M, Kann, S S, Kapoor, S, Kelly, B, Khachaturov, A, Khanzadeev, J, Kikuchi, D J, Kim, H J, Kim, S Y, Kim, Y G, Kim, W W, Kinnison, E, Kistenev, A, Kiyomichi, C, Klein-Boesing, S, Klinksiek, L, Kochenda, D, Kochetkov, V, Kochetkov, D, Koehler, T, Kohama, A, Kozlov, P J, Kroon, K, Kurita, M J, Kweon, Y, Kwon, G S, Kyle, R, Lacey, J G, Lajoie, J, Lauret, A, Lebedev, D M, Lee, M J, Leitch, X H, Li, Z, Li, D J, Lim, M X, Liu, X, Liu, Z, Liu, C F, Maguire, J, Mahon, Y I, Makdisi, V I, Manko, Y, Mao, S K, Mark, S, Markacs, G, Martinez, M D, Marx, A, Masaike, F, Matathias, T, Matsumoto, P L, McGaughey, E, Melnikov, M, Merschmeyer, F, Messer, M, Messer, Y, Miake, T E, Miller, A, Milov, S, Mioduszewski, R E, Mischke, G C, Mishra, J T, Mitchell, A K, Mohanty, D P, Morrison, J M, Moss, F, Mühlbacher, M, Muniruzzaman, J, Murata, S, Nagamiya, Y, Nagasaka, J L, Nagle, Y, Nakada, B K, Nandi, J, Newby, L, Nikkinen, P, Nilsson, S, Nishimura, A S, Nyanin, J, Nystrand, E, O'Brien, C A, Ogilvie, H, Ohnishi, I D, Ojha, M, Ono, V, Onuchin, A, Oskarsson, L, Osterman, I, Otterlund, K, Oyama, L, Paffrath, A P, Palounek, V S, Pantuev, V, Papavassiliou, S F, Pate, T, Peitzmann, A N, Petridis, C, Pinkenburg, R P, Pisani, P, Pitukhin, F, Plasil, M, Pollack, K, Pope, M L, Purschke, I, Ravinovich, K F, Read, K, Reygers, V, Riabov, Y, Riabov, M, Rosati, A A, Rose, S S, Ryu, N, Saito, A, Sakaguchi, T, Sakaguchi, H, Sako, T, Sakuma, V, Samsonov, T C, Sangster, R, Santo, H D, Sato, S, Sato, S, Sawada, B R, Schlei, Y, Schutz, V, Semenov, R, Seto, T K, Shea, I, Shein, T A, Shibata, K, Shigaki, T, Shiina, Y H, Shin, I G, Sibiriak, D, Silvermyr, K S, Sim, J, Simon-Gillo, C P, Singh, V, Singh, M, Sivertz, A, Soldatov, R A, Soltz, S, Sorensen, P W, Stankus, N, Starinsky, P, Steinberg, E, Stenlund, A, Ster, S P, Stoll, M, Sugioka, T, Sugitate, J P, Sullivan, Y, Sumi, Z, Sun, M, Suzuki, E M, Takagui, A, Taketani, M, Tamai, K H, Tanaka, Y, Tanaka, E, Taniguchi, M J, Tannenbaum, J, Thomas, J H, Thomas, T L, Thomas, W, Tian, J, Tojo, H, Torii, R S, Towell, I, Tserruya, H, Tsuruoka, A A, Tsvetkov, S K, Tuli, H, Tydesjö, N, Tyurin, T, Ushiroda, H W, van Hecke, C, Velissaris, J, Velkovska, M, Velkovsky, A A, Vinogradov, M A, Volkov, A, Vorobyov, E, Vznuzdaev, H, Wang, Y, Watanabe, S N, White, C, Witzig, F K, Wohn, C L, Woody, W, Xie, K, Yagi, S, Yokkaichi, G R, Young, I E, Yushmanov, W A, Zajc, Z, Zhang, and S, Zhou
Abstract: We present results for the charged-particle multiplicity distribution at midrapidity in Au-Au collisions at square root of [s(NN)] = 130 GeV measured with the PHENIX detector at RHIC. For the 5% most central collisions we find dN(ch)/d eta(vertical line eta = 0) = 622+/-1(stat)+/-41(syst). The results, analyzed as a function of centrality, show a steady rise of the particle density per participating nucleon with centrality.
Published: 2000

328. EPICS and its role in data acquisition and beamline control

Author: E. Boucher, D. B. Wallis, R. L. Sluiter, N. D. Arnold, J. P. Sullivan, M. L. Rivers, T. M. Mooney, M. R. Kraimer, B. K. Cha, and K. A. Goetze
Subjects: Engineering, Software, Data acquisition, Beamline, business.industry, Embedded system, Operating system, Beam shaping, Distributed control system, business, computer.software_genre, computer, GeneralLiterature_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: Beamline-control and data-acquisition software based on EPICS (a tool kit for building distributed control systems) has been running on many Advanced Photon Source beamlines for several years. EPICS itself, the collaborative software-development effort surrounding it, and EPICS-based beamline software have been described previously in general terms. This talk will review and update that material, focusing on the role EPICS core software plays in beamline applications and on the effects of a few defining characteristics of EPICS on the beamline software we have developed with it.
Published: 2000
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329. 2,6-Diamino-N-([1-(1-oxotridecyl)-2-piperidinyl]methyl)hexanamide (NPC 15437): A selective inhibitor of protein kinase C

Author: J. P. Sullivan, Ronald M. Burch, B. G. Shearer, and J. R. Connor
Subjects: Pharmacology, PRKCQ, Myosin light-chain kinase, Immunology, chemistry.chemical_element, Mixed inhibition, Calcium, Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase, Toxicology, Molecular biology, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Biochemistry, otorhinolaryngologic diseases, Phorbol, Pharmacology (medical), Protein kinase A, Protein kinase C
Abstract: NPC 15437 inhibited protein kinase C (PKC) activity and [3H]phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu) binding to the enzyme in a concentration-dependent manner (IC50 values, 19±2 μM and 23±4 μM, respectively). No inhibition of cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) or calcium/calmodulin-dependent myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) was observed. A detailed kinetic analysis of the interaction of NPC 15437 and a homogeneous preparation of PKC-alpha revealed a competitive type of inhibition with respect to activation of the enzyme by both phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) (K i =5±3 μM) and phosphatidylserine (PS) (K i =12±4 μM). Mixed inhibition (predominantly of the non-competitive type), with respect to activation of the enzyme by calcium, was also observed. These studies indicate that NPC 15437 is a selective inhibitor of PKC, interacting at the regulatory region of the molecule. NPC 15437 inhibited phorbol ester-induced ear edema in mouse (IC50=175 μg/ear) demonstrating the ability of NPC 15437 to inhibit PKC-mediated activity in intact cells.
Published: 1991
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330. Characterization of the ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP) expressed in guinea pig bladder smooth muscle cells

Author: M, Gopalakrishnan, K L, Whiteaker, E J, Molinari, R, Davis-Taber, V E, Scott, C C, Shieh, S A, Buckner, I, Milicic, J C, Cain, S, Postl, J P, Sullivan, and J D, Brioni
Subjects: Patch-Clamp Techniques, Potassium Channels, Pyridines, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Muscle Relaxation, Vasodilator Agents, Guinea Pigs, Urinary Bladder, Muscle, Smooth, In Vitro Techniques, Guanidines, Fluorescence, Membrane Potentials, Radioligand Assay, Adenosine Triphosphate, Animals, RNA, Messenger, Cells, Cultured
Abstract: ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP) channels play an important role in the regulation of smooth muscle membrane potential. To investigate the properties of KATP channels in guinea pig urinary bladder smooth muscle cells, fluorescence-based assays were carried out with the membrane potential-sensitive probe bis-(1,3-dibutylbarbituric acid)trimethine oxonol [DiBAC4(3)]. The prototypical channel openers, including pinacidil, (-)-cromakalim, and diazoxide, elicited concentration-dependent decreases in membrane potential that were attenuated by glyburide. Similar responses were evoked by a reduction in intracellular ATP levels by metabolic inhibition. The observed rank order potency (EC50) for evoking membrane potential changes by potassium channel openers, P1075 (53 nM) approximately Bay X 9228(-)-cromakalim approximately ZD6169 approximately pinacidilBay X 9227 approximately ZM244085diazoxide (59 microM), showed a good correlation with that of bladder smooth muscle relaxation, as assessed by isolated tissue bath studies. The maximal efficacies of (-)-cromakalim, pinacidil, Bay X 9228, and ZD6169 were comparable with the response achieved by the reference activator P1075. Whole cell currents in bladder smooth muscle cells were increased in both inward and outward directions by P1075 and were reversed by glyburide to control levels. The molecular composition assessed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analysis using subunit-specific primers revealed the presence of mRNA for inward rectifying potassium channel (KIR6.2) and sulfonylurea receptors (SUR)2B and SUR1. The subunit profile together with pharmacological properties suggests that the KATP channel in bladder smooth muscle cells could be composed of SUR2B associated with a single inward rectifier, KIR6.2. In summary, these studies have characterized the pharmacological profile using fluorescent imaging plate reader-based membrane potential techniques and provide evidence for the molecular identity of KATP channels expressed in guinea pig bladder smooth muscle cells.
Published: 1999

331. Histaminergic ligands attenuate barrel rotation in rats following unilateral labyrinthectomy

Author: J B, Pan, A B, O'Neill, A A, Hancock, J P, Sullivan, and J D, Brioni
Subjects: Male, Behavior, Animal, Ethanol, Rotation, Ear, Inner, Imidazoles, Vertigo, Animals, Receptors, Histamine, Rats, Long-Evans, Astemizole, Rats
Abstract: In this paper we present a unilateral labyrinthectomy (UL) surgical procedure in rats that was derived from previous techniques. The utility of this model to assess vestibular dysfunction was evaluated by examining the ability of clinically used histaminergic agents and more selective H3 receptor antagonists to attenuate of UL-induced body rotations. Unilateral labyrinthectomy was performed by injection of ethanol into the rat right inner ear. An elevated body rotation test (EBRT) was used to assess the abnormal rotational behavior induced by UL. Scores of "3" to "0" were used to characterize the degree of abnormal behavior according to the latency of body rotations to begin. Our results demonstrate that: i) 100 microliters ethanol induced robust behavioral changes, which was used in further experiments; ii) the clinically used antivertigo agent, astemizole, significantly reduced the rotational behavior in UL rats; iii) the more potent H3 antagonists, thioperamide and GT-2016, were more efficacious than betahistine, a mixed H3 antagonist and H1 agonist. These results indicate that this model may be a potential tool for testing novel drugs for antivertigo effects and provide better support to the role of the histaminergic system in the control of vestibular function.
Published: 1999

332. Three pion correlations in sulphur-lead collisions at the CERN SPS

Author: D. Ferenc, Y. Sumi, C.W. Fabjan, B. V. Jacak, A. Franz, T. Kobayashi, Yasuo Miake, M. Sarabura, B. Lörstad, J. Schmidt-Sørensen, T. J. Humanic, Shin-Ichiro Nishimura, T. Ikemoto, N. Maeda, Gilbert Poulard, G. Paić, S.U. Pandey, J. M. Rieubland, W.J. Willis, F. Piuz, J. P. Sullivan, D. Hardtke, S. Nagamiya, M. Potekhin, J. Dodd, A. Miyabayashi, S. Esumi, Kenta Shigaki, R. A. Kvatadze, J. G. Boissevain, H. W. Van Hecke, Venetios Polychronakos, Y.Y Lee, Aya Sakaguchi, Michael D. Murray, H Kalechofsky, Toru Sugitate, J. Simon-Gillo, M. Leltchouk, D.C. Rahm, W. E. Sondheim, and H. Bøggild
Subjects: Nuclear physics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Pion, Large Hadron Collider, Spectrometer, Correlation function, Nuclear Theory, Nucleon, Nuclear Experiment, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Nuclear Physics
Abstract: π + π + π + correlations from sulphur-lead collisions at 200 GeV/c per nucleon are presented as measured by the focusing spectrometer of experiment NA44 at CERN. We have investigated the three-pion correlation function at mid-rapidity and found that a genuine three-body correlation is suppressed. A possible interpretation of this result is that the emission of particles is partially coherent.
Published: 1999

333. Strange Meson Enhancement in PbPb Collisions

Author: F. Piuz, A.G. Hansen, S. Esumi, Ian Gardner Bearden, D. Ferenc, J. Dodd, T. J. Humanic, Hiroaki Ohnishi, Y. Sumi, M. Kopytine, Venetios Polychronakos, K.L. Wolf, J. Schmidt-Sørensen, E. B. Holzer, P. Hummel, Olfred Hansen, R. Jayanti, B. Lörstad, Gilbert Poulard, A. Medvedev, A. Franz, J. Pluta, Aya Sakaguchi, D. E. Fields, N. Maeda, B. V. Jacak, G. Paić, W.J. Willis, D. Hardtke, S.U. Pandey, D. Reichhold, Daniel S. Zachary, H. W. Van Hecke, M. Potekhin, Toru Sugitate, T. Kohama, Michael D. Murray, B. Erazmus, L. Martin, A. Ljubicic, M. Leltchouk, W. E. Sondheim, J. Simon-Gillo, K. Kaimi, H. Bøggild, J.J. Gaardhøje, J. P. Sullivan, C.W. Fabjan, J. G. Boissevain, Masashi Kaneta, L. Conin, and Nu Xu
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Large Hadron Collider, Meson, Hadron, Nuclear Theory, Strangeness production, FOS: Physical sciences, Kinetic energy, Nuclear physics, Pion, Quark–gluon plasma, Nuclear Physics - Experiment, Rapidity, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: The NA44 Collaboration has measured yields and differential distributions of K+, K-, pi+, pi- in transverse kinetic energy and rapidity, around the center-of-mass rapidity in 158 A GeV/c Pb+Pb collisions at the CERN SPS. A considerable enhancement of K+ production per pi is observed, as compared to p+p collisions at this energy. To illustrate the importance of secondary hadron rescattering as an enhancement mechanism, we compare strangeness production at the SPS and AGS with predictions of the transport model RQMD., Comment: 11 pages, including 4 figures, LATEX
Published: 1999
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334. Reaction and stability of metal/silicide interfaces: Ti/MoSi2 (001)

Author: Harry M. Meyer, G. D. Waddill, Toshiyuki Hirano, J. H. Weaver, B. M. Trafas, J. P. Sullivan, and T. Komeda
Subjects: Materials science, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), biology, Silicon, Analytical chemistry, chemistry.chemical_element, Synchrotron radiation, Titanio, biology.organism_classification, Overlayer, Metal, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, visual_art, Silicide, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Layer (electronics), Titanium
Abstract: Metal/single‐crystal‐silicide interface evolution has been examined for Ti/MoSi2 (001) using high‐resolution synchrotron radiation and x‐ray photoemission. Reaction between Ti and Si was observed for temperatures 300≤T≤873 K. At 300 K, it was limited to Ti interaction with the single Si layer terminating the cleaved MoSi2 (001) surface. Analysis of the Si 2p core level line shape showed two different interfacial reaction products with bonding characteristics of TiSi and a disordered solution of Si in Ti. Interfacial development was dominated by Si outdiffusion at higher temperatures with Si enrichment of the overlayer but not conversion to a silicide.
Published: 1990
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335. Observables in relativistic heavy-ion collisions

Author: B. R. Schlei, J.R. Nix, J. P. Sullivan, H.W. van Hecke, and D. D. Strottman
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear physics, Particle physics, Strange matter, Large Hadron Collider, Space time, Observable, Heavy ion, Sensitivity (control systems)
Published: 1998
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336. Bose-Einstein Correlations and the Equation of State of Nuclear Matter

Author: H. W. Van Hecke, D. D. Strottman, J. P. Sullivan, and B. R. Schlei
Subjects: Physics, Condensed Matter::Quantum Gases, Equation of state, Large Hadron Collider, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Nuclear Theory, Hadron, FOS: Physical sciences, Bose–Einstein correlations, Plasma, Nuclear matter, Spectral line, Nuclear Theory (nucl-th), Nuclear physics, Pion, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, Engineering (miscellaneous)
Abstract: Within a relativistic hydrodynamic framework, we use four different equations of state of nuclear matter to compare to experimental spectra from CERN/SPS experiments NA44 and NA49. Freeze-out hypersurfaces and Bose-Einstein correlation functions for identical pion pairs are discussed. We find that two-pion Bose-Einstein interferometry measures the relationship between the temperature and the energy density in the equation of state during the late hadronic stage of the fireball expansion. Little sensitivity of the light-hadron data to a quark-gluon plasma phase-transition is seen., 4 pages, including 4 figures. You can also download a PostScript file of the manuscript from http://p2hp2.lanl.gov/people/schlei/eprint.html
Published: 1998

337. Charged Kaon and Pion Production at Midrapidity in Proton Nucleus and Sulphur Nucleus Collisions

Author: J. P. Sullivan, H. Van Hecke, J. G. Boissevain, M. Potekhin, Y. Sumi, F. Piuz, Venetios Polychronakos, K.L. Wolf, J. Simon-Gillo, D. E. Fields, B. Lörstad, Shin-Ichiro Nishimura, M. Sarabura, M. Leltchouk, W. E. Sondheim, A. Franz, Y. Y. Lee, T. J. Humanic, C.W. Fabjan, H. Bøggild, J. Schmidt-Sørensen, J. Dodd, A. Miyabayashi, Gilbert Poulard, W.J. Willis, N. Maeda, Barbara Jacak, S. U. Pandey, S. Esumi, H. Kalechofsky, Toru Sugitate, Michael Murray, K. H. Hansen, and Aya Sakaguchi
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Meson, Proton, Nuclear Theory, FOS: Physical sciences, Inverse, Nuclear physics, Baryon, Pion, Nuclear Physics - Experiment, Production (computer science), Rapidity, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Nucleon, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: The NA44 collaboration has measured charged kaon and pion distributions at midrapidity in sulphur and proton collisions with nuclear targets at 200 and 450 GeV/c per nucleon, respectively. The inverse slopes of kaons are larger than those of pions. The difference in the inverse slopes of pions, kaons and protons, all measured in our spectrometer, increases with system size and is consistent with the buildup of collective flow for larger systems. The target dependence of both the yields and inverse slopes is stronger for the sulphur beam suggesting the increased importance of secondary rescattering for SA reactions. The rapidity density, dN/dy, of both K+ and K- increases more rapidly with system size than for pi+ in a similar rapidity region. This trend continues with increasing centrality, and according to RQMD, it is caused by secondary reactions between mesons and baryons. The K-/K+ ratio falls with increasing system size but more slowly than the pbar/p ratio. The pi-/pi+ ratio is close to unity for all systems. From pBe to SPb the K+/p ratio decreases while K-/pbar increases and ({K+*K-}/{p*pbar})**1/2 stays constant. These data suggest that as larger nuclei collide, the resulting system has a larger transverse expansion, baryon density and an increasing fraction of strange quarks., 10 pages of text, 4 tables and 13 Figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. C Fig 4 pBe and SS K- y=2.4-3.5 plotted correctly, 2 typos fixed
Published: 1998

338. High energy Pb + Pb collisions viewed by pion interferometry

Author: P. Hummel, B. Lörstad, S. Esumi, D. E. Fields, Toru Sugitate, Aya Sakaguchi, N. Maeda, K. Kaimi, Ian Gardner Bearden, B. V. Jacak, Venetios Polychronakos, D. Hardtke, J. G. Boissevain, Masashi Kaneta, D. Ferenc, M. Leltchouk, W. E. Sondheim, A. Franz, Nu Xu, K.L. Wolf, B. Erazmus, Ole Hansen, Alex Hansen, J. Schmidt-Sørensen, Daniel S. Zachary, F. Piuz, M. Kopytine, A. Ljubicic, J. P. Sullivan, Y. Sumi, S. U. Pandey, E. B. Holzer, M. Spegel, Gilbert Poulard, J. J. Gaardhøje, R. Jayanti, H. W. Van Hecke, J. Dodd, Hiroaki Ohnishi, W.J. Willis, A. Medvedev, R. Malina, M. Potekhin, J. Pluta, C.W. Fabjan, T. J. Humanic, Michael D. Murray, T. Kohama, D. Reichhold, M. Hamelin, J. Simon-Gillo, Guy Paic, and H. Bøggild
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear reaction, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, High energy, Large Hadron Collider, Computer Science::Information Retrieval, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Nuclear Theory, Particle detector, Nuclear physics, Interferometry, Pion, Volume (thermodynamics), High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nucleon, Nuclear Experiment, Particle Physics - Experiment
Abstract: Two-pion correlations from Pb+Pb collisions at 158 GeV/c per nucleon are measured by the NA44 experiment at CERN. Multidimensional fits characterize the emission volume, which is found to be larger than in {ital S}-induced collisions. Comparison to the RQMD model is used to relate the fit parameters to the actual emission volume. {copyright} {ital 1998} {ital The American Physical Society}
Published: 1998

339. What Invariant One-Particle Multiplicity Distributions and Two-Particle Correlations are Telling us about Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions

Author: Michael Murray, J. P. Sullivan, B. R. Schlei, D. D. Strottman, J. Rayford Nix, and Hubert Van Hecke
Subjects: Quark, Physics, Particle physics, High Energy Physics::Lattice, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Nuclear Theory, Plasma, Invariant (physics), Nuclear matter, Collision, Nuclear physics, Strange matter, Pion, Physics::Plasma Physics, Multiplicity (chemistry), Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: Many of you are vigorously searching for the quark-gluon plasma—a predicted new phase of nuclear matter where quarks roam almost freely throughout the medium instead of being confined to individual nucleons.1, 2 Such a plasma is believed to have existed in the first 10 μs of the universe during the big bang and could be produced in the laboratory during the little bang of a relativistic heavy-ion collision.
Published: 1998
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340. ABT-089 [2-methyl-3-(2-(S)-pyrrolidinylmethoxy)pyridine]: I. A potent and selective cholinergic channel modulator with neuroprotective properties

Author: J P, Sullivan, D, Donnelly-Roberts, C A, Briggs, D J, Anderson, M, Gopalakrishnan, I C, Xue, M, Piattoni-Kaplan, E, Molinari, J E, Campbell, D G, McKenna, D E, Gunn, N H, Lin, K B, Ryther, Y, He, M W, Holladay, S, Wonnacott, M, Williams, and S P, Arneric
Subjects: Male, Pyrrolidines, Pyridines, Dopamine, Cholinergic Agents, Receptors, Nicotinic, Azocines, Acetylcholine, Ion Channels, Rats, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Mice, Xenopus laevis, Alkaloids, Neuroprotective Agents, Animals, Humans, Rubidium Radioisotopes, Quinolizines
Abstract: Accumulating preclinical and clinical evidence data suggests that compounds that selectively activate neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) subtypes may have therapeutic utility for the treatment of several neurological disorders. In the present study, the in vitro pharmacological properties of the novel cholinergic channel modulator ABT-089 [2-methyl-3-(2-(S)-pyrrolidinylmethoxy)pyridine], are described. In radioligand binding studies, ABT-089 was shown to display selectivity toward the high-affinity (-)-cytisine binding site present on the alpha4beta2 nAChR subtype (Ki = 16 nM) relative to the [125I]alpha-bungarotoxin binding site present on the alpha7 (Kior = 10,000 nM) and alpha1beta1deltagamma (Ki1000 nM) nAChR subtypes. In cation flux and channel current studies, ABT-089 displayed a more complex profile than (-)-nicotine having agonist, partial agonist and inhibitory activities depending on the nAChR subtype with which it interacts. ABT-089 differentially stimulated neurotransmitter release. The compound displayed a similar potency and efficacy to (-)-nicotine to facilitate ACh release (ABT-089, EC50 = 3 microM; (-)-nicotine, EC50 = 1 microM), but was markedly less potent and less efficacious than (-)-nicotine to stimulate dopamine release (ABT-089, EC50 = 1.1 microM; (-)-nicotine, EC50 = 0.04 microM). Additionally, ABT-089 was neuroprotective against the excitotoxic insults elicited by exposure to glutamate in both rat cortical cell cultures (EC50 = 10 +/- 3 microM) and differentiated human IMR32 cells (EC50 = 3 +/- 2 microM). The differential full agonist/partial agonist profile of ABT-089, as compared with (-)-nicotine and ABT-418, illustrates the complexity of nAChR activation and the potential to target responses at subclasses of the neuronal and peripheral receptors.
Published: 1997

341. Regulation of human alpha4beta2 neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors by cholinergic channel ligands and second messenger pathways

Author: M, Gopalakrishnan, E J, Molinari, and J P, Sullivan
Subjects: Nicotine, Binding Sites, Nicotinic Antagonists, Receptors, Nicotinic, Kidney, Ligands, Transfection, Tritium, Azocines, Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases, Second Messenger Systems, Ion Channels, Up-Regulation, Alkaloids, Humans, Cells, Cultured, Protein Kinase C, Quinolizines
Abstract: The alpha4beta2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), a major subtype in the brain, have been shown to be modulated by chronic treatment with nicotine. In this study, the regulation of recombinant human alpha4beta2 nAChR subtype by (-)-nicotine and other cholinergic channel modulators was studied using human embryonic kidney 293 cells stably expressing this subunit combination. The treatment of transfected cells with (-)-nicotine and other activator ligands, including (-)-cytisine, 1,1-dimethyl-4-phenylpiperazinium, (S)-3-methyl-5-(1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)isoxazole, and (+/-)-epibatidine, resulted in concentration-dependent increases in the levels of alpha4beta2 nAChRs. The increase in [3H]cytisine binding sites was initiated by low concentrations of (-)-nicotine (100 nM); was maximal at 10 microM (15-fold), rapid (t0.5 = 4.0 +/- 0.5 hr), and totally reversible (t0.5 = 11.7 +/- 0.1 hr); and occurred with no change in ligand binding affinity. Antagonists, including dihydro-beta-erythroidine, d-tubocurarine, and methyllycaconitine, also elicited significant increases in receptor levels. A good correlation was observed between the Ki values for binding inhibition and the EC50 values for receptor up-regulation. Treatment of cells with mecamylamine, a noncompetitive antagonist, did not change receptor levels or alter (-)-nicotine-evoked up-regulation. (-)-Nicotine-evoked up-regulation was blocked by cycloheximide, suggesting a role for protein synthesis. Treatment of cells with (-)-nicotine or dihydro-beta-erythroidine differentially modulated the efficacy of acetylcholine to activate cation efflux. Both 6-beta-[beta'(piperidino)propionyl]forskolin and phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate increased [3H]cytisine binding sites and nAChR function and enhanced the effects of chronic (-)-nicotine treatment in a synergistic manner. These results collectively demonstrate that human alpha4beta2 nAChRs can be differentially up-regulated by chronic treatment with nAChR ligands and activation of protein kinase A- and protein kinase C-dependent mechanisms.
Published: 1997

342. Multiplicity dependence of the pion source in S + A collisions at the CERN SPS

Author: H. Bøggild, J. Dodd, E. Noteboom, F. Piuz, S. Esumi, M. Potekhin, Shin-Ichiro Nishimura, Michael D. Murray, J. Simon-Gillo, B. Lörstad, J. Schmidt-Sorensen, R. Jayanti, A. Medvedev, J. Boissevain, Venetios Polychronakos, M. Cherney, A. Franz, H Kalechofsky, K.L. Wolf, T. Kobayashi, T. J. Humanic, Gilbert Poulard, Y. Sumi, W.J. Willis, C.W. Fabjan, Y.Y Lee, S.U. Pandey, Aya Sakaguchi, H. W. Van Hecke, N. Maeda, Nu Xu, J. P. Sullivan, D. E. Fields, B. V. Jacak, B. Holzer, K. Kaimi, Toru Sugitate, M. Leltchouk, W. E. Sondheim, and A. Miyabayashi
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear physics, Particle physics, Pion, Large Hadron Collider, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Nuclear Theory, Constant density, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Multiplicity (chemistry), Nucleon, Nuclear Experiment, Particle Physics - Experiment
Abstract: The emission of pions from relativistic heavy-ion collisions of S + S, S + Ag and S + Pb at 200 GeV/nucleon is characterized using two-particle interferometry. The multiplicity dependence of the pion source parameters near mid-rapidity is studied. The transversal and longitudinal source parameters, $R_t$ and $R_l$, show a clear increase with the particle multiplicity. The multiplicity dependence is weaker than that expected from a simple model of a freeze-out at a constant density. % The transversal and longitudinal source parameters $R_t$ and $R_l$, show % a clear increase with the particle multiplicity, consistent with the model % of freeze-out at a constant density.
Published: 1997

343. The pharmacology of (-)-nicotine and novel cholinergic channel modulators

Author: J D, Brioni, M W, Decker, J P, Sullivan, and S P, Arneric
Subjects: Brain Chemistry, Neurotransmitter Agents, Nicotine, Substance-Related Disorders, Motor Activity, Receptors, Nicotinic, Benzylidene Compounds, Receptors, Muscarinic, Cognition, Anti-Anxiety Agents, Central Nervous System Diseases, Animals, Humans, Receptors, Cholinergic, Nicotinic Agonists, Ion Channel Gating
Abstract: Advances in the understanding of the molecular biology and pharmacology of nAChRs may provide targets for the development of novel and selective modulators of nAChRs in the brain. This contention is supported by the dissimilar behavioral effects observed following systemic administration of currently available nicotinic ligands. The concept of multiple subtypes of nAChRs is not unique, as evidenced by the pharmacology of other ligand-gated ion channels, such as GABA-A receptor, which also exist in multiple subtypes. At present, with respect to the nAChRs, relatively few of the subtypes identified have been cloned from human tissue and pharmacologically evaluated, but several groups are focusing their research efforts in this direction. With a thorough understanding of the pharmacological and functional characteristics of more of the putative human nAChR subtypes, this knowledge will facilitate the discovery of more efficacious and less toxic ChCMs that may provide potential novel therapeutic agents for a variety of CNS conditions.
Published: 1997

344. Activation of the recombinant human alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor significantly raises intracellular free calcium

Author: O, Delbono, M, Gopalakrishnan, M, Renganathan, L M, Monteggia, M L, Messi, and J P, Sullivan
Subjects: Nicotine, Base Sequence, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Molecular Sequence Data, Humans, Calcium, Nicotinic Agonists, Receptors, Nicotinic, Cells, Cultured, Recombinant Proteins
Abstract: The alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) subtype, unlike other neuronal nicotinic receptors, exhibits a relatively high permeability to Ca++ ions. Although Ca++ entry through this receptor subtype has been implicated in various Ca(++)-dependent processes in the central nervous system, little is known about how this receptor modulates mammalian intracellular Ca++ dynamics. Intracellular Ca++ responses evoked by activation of the human alpha 7 nAChRs stably expressed in HEK-293 (human embryonic kidney) cells were studied. Inward current and intracellular Ca++ transients were recorded simultaneously in response to a fast drug application system. Current recordings under whole-cell voltage-clamp and fast ratiometric intracellular Ca++ imaging acquisition were synchronized to drug pulses. The mean peak [Ca++]i observed with 100 microM (-)-nicotine was 356 +/- 48 nM (n = 8). The magnitude of the intracellular Ca++ elevation corresponds to a 20% fractional current carried by Ca++ ions. The EC50 of the intracellular Ca++ responses for (-)-nicotine, (+/-)-epibatidine, 1,1 dimethyl-4-phenyl-piperazinium and acetylcholine were 51, 3.5, 75 and 108 microM, respectively. These EC50 values strongly correlate with those recorded for the cationic inward current through alpha 7 nAChR. alpha-Bungarotoxin, methyllcaconitine or extracellular Ca++ chelation ablated (-)-nicotine-evoked increase in intracellular Ca++ concentration. This study provides evidence that cation influx through the human alpha 7 nAChR is sufficient to mediate a significant, transient, rise in intracellular Ca++ concentration.
Published: 1997

345. Stable expression, pharmacologic properties and regulation of the human neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine alpha 4 beta 2 receptor

Author: M, Gopalakrishnan, L M, Monteggia, D J, Anderson, E J, Molinari, M, Piattoni-Kaplan, D, Donnelly-Roberts, S P, Arneric, and J P, Sullivan
Subjects: Male, Neurons, Nicotine, DNA, Complementary, Base Sequence, Molecular Sequence Data, Stereoisomerism, Receptors, Nicotinic, Kidney, Transfection, Tritium, Azocines, Rats, Up-Regulation, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Kinetics, Alkaloids, Animals, Humans, Nicotinic Agonists, RNA, Messenger, Cells, Cultured, Quinolizines
Abstract: (-)-Nicotine, the prototypical agonist for neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) has been shown to bind with high affinity to the rodent and avian alpha 4 beta 2 nAChR subtype. This subtype may represent a primary molecular target for some of the beneficial central nervous system effects i.e., cognitive enhancement, anxiolysis, analgesia, neuroprotection, of (-)-nicotine and related ligands. However, a detailed study of the human alpha 4 beta 2 subunit combination has not yet been reported. In this study, we stably coexpressed the human neuronal alpha 4 and beta 2 nAChR subunits in human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells and studied its pharmacological and regulatory properties. [3H]Cytisine bound to stably transfected cells with high affinity (KD value, 0.2 +/- 0.04 nM) and with a Bmax value of 1359 +/- 91 fmol/mg protein. A good correlation (r = 0.98) was observed between binding affinities in transfected cells and in native neuronal preparations for a series of nAChR ligands. 86Rb+ efflux studies showed that stably transfected cells express functional ion channels that are sensitive to blockade by dihydro-beta-erythroidine. (+/-)-Epibatidine, (-)-nicotine, 1,1-dimethyl-4-phenylpiperazinium, (S)-3-methyl-5-(1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)isoxazole (ABT-418), acetylcholine and (-)-cytisine stimulated 86Rb+ efflux with EC50 values of 0.02, 3.9, 2.5, 10, 44 and 38 microM, respectively. Treatment of transfected cells with (-)-nicotine for 7 days led to a significant increase in the density of [3H](-)-cytisine binding sites (EC50 = 0.56 microM) and a significant enhancement in the sensitivity of ACh. Specific binding or (-)-nicotine-evoked cation efflux was not detected in untransfected cells. Analysis of total cellular RNA from transfected, but not untransfected cells, showed the expected fragment sizes corresponding to the human alpha 4 and beta 2 subunit mRNA. These results demonstrate that stable expression of the human alpha 4 beta 2 nAChR subunit combination can give rise to functional ion channels that bind [3H](-)-cytisine with high affinity, exhibit homologous regulation and evoke agonist-induced cation flux with pharmacological properties consistent with native neuronal alpha 4 beta 2 nAChR.
Published: 1996

346. Cholinergic channel activators: novel opportunities for the treatment of CNS disorders

Author: J P, Sullivan, M W, Decker, D, Donnelly-Roberts, J D, Brioni, A W, Bannon, M W, Holladay, D J, Anderson, C A, Briggs, M, Williams, and S P, Arneric
Subjects: Pyrrolidines, Pyridines, Isoxazoles, Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic, Benzylidene Compounds, Cholinergic Antagonists, Ion Channels, Anti-Anxiety Agents, Central Nervous System Diseases, Parasympathetic Nervous System, Animals, Humans, Receptors, Cholinergic, Nicotinic Agonists
Abstract: Negative connotations associated with the use of (-)-nicotine has limited medicinal chemistry research in the area of nAChRs [5]. However, recent evidence suggests that a diversity of nAChR subunits exist, that each subtype may be involved in mediating specific neurochemical/behaviors, and that these subtypes have a defined pharmacology that may be selectively targeted [1]. (+/-)-Epibatidine, GTS-21 and ABT-418 differentially interact with nAChR subtypes to elicit a diversity of behavioral effects including analgesia, neuroprotection and cognitive enhancement. These agents therefore represent important new pharmacological probes to dissect the nAChR subtype(s) mediating specific pharmacological responses to nAChR activation.
Published: 1995

347. Second generation interferometry measurements at CERN

Author: J. P. Sullivan
Subjects: Nuclear physics, Physics, Interferometry, Large Hadron Collider, Pion, Nuclear Theory, Particle size, Nuclear Experiment, Nucleon, Event generator
Abstract: Source size parameters measured via two‐particle interferometry in experiment NA44 for 200 GeV/nucleon S+Pb collisions are compared to calculations using the RQMD event generator. Reasonable agreement is found in most cases. The event generator is then used to compare the ‘‘true’’ size of the particle‐emitting source to the measured size parameters and to discuss the difficulties in defining the ‘‘true’’ source size.
Published: 1995
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348. Directional dependence of the pion source in high-energy heavy-ion collisions

Author: S. Nishimura, D. E. Fields, Yasuo Miake, B. V. Jacak, N. Maeda, Kenta Shigaki, M. Sarabura, J. P. Sullivan, B. Holzer, Michael D. Murray, M. Leltchouk, W. E. Sondheim, H. Kalechofsky, M. Potekhin, Y. Y. Lee, K. H. Hansen, Venetios Polychronakos, C.W. Fabjan, J. Dodd, A. Miyabayashi, A. Franz, A. Sakaguchi, Gilbert Poulard, H. Bøggild, K.L. Wolf, Y. Sumi, T. Kobayashi, W.J. Willis, T. Sugitate, S. Esumi, B. Lörstad, J. Simon-Gillo, H. W. Van Hecke, F. Piuz, M. Cherney, A. Medvedev, M. Spegel, Thomas Humanic, E. Noteboom, R. A. Kvatadze, S.U. Pandey, J. Boissevain, and R. Jayanti
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Large Hadron Collider, Spectrometer, Scattering, Nuclear Theory, Hadron, Radius, Nuclear physics, Momentum, Pion, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, Nucleon, Particle Physics - Experiment
Abstract: π + π + and π − π − correlations from 200 GeV per nucleon S + Pb collisions and π + π + correlations from 450 GeV p + Pb collisions measured by the focussing spectrometer of CERN experiment NA44 are presented. The large data set which emphasizes small values of momentum difference allows multi-dimensional analysis along with the more traditional one-dimensional parameterization to characterize the pion emission source. It is found that the three radius parameters are similar and large compared to the projectile radius. This can be explained by pion scattering in the final state hadronic system.
Published: 1994

349. (+/-)-Epibatidine elicits a diversity of in vitro and in vivo effects mediated by nicotinic acetylcholine receptors

Author: J P, Sullivan, M W, Decker, J D, Brioni, D, Donnelly-Roberts, D J, Anderson, A W, Bannon, C H, Kang, P, Adams, M, Piattoni-Kaplan, and M J, Buckley
Subjects: Male, Analgesics, Nicotine, Pyridines, Dopamine, In Vitro Techniques, Motor Activity, Receptors, Nicotinic, Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic, Bungarotoxins, Azocines, Corpus Striatum, Rats, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Alkaloids, Animals, Rubidium Radioisotopes, Quinolizines
Abstract: (+/-)-Epibatidine, exo-2-(6-chloro-3-pyridyl)-7-azabicyclo-[2.2.1] heptane, is a novel, potent analgesic agent that acts through nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) mechanisms. This study sought to establish whether (+/-)-epibatidine, like (-)-nicotine, also displays a wide diversity of behavioral responses that are known to be elicited by nAChR activation or whether it demonstrates subtype selectivity for its interactions with nAChRs.(+/-)-Epibatidine displaced [3H](-)-cytisine binding to the alpha 4 beta 2 nAChR subtype in rat brain membranes with high affinity (Ki, 43 pM). The compound was approximately 5000-fold less potent (Ki = 230nM) in the displacement of [125I] alpha-bungarotoxin binding from the alpha-bungarotoxin-sensitive nAChR subtype present in rat brain but was a potent inhibitor (Ki, 2.7 nM) of [125I] alpha-bungarotoxin binding to the nAChR subtype in Torpedo electroplax, which is similar to that present in the neuromuscular junction. Functionally, (+/-)-epibatidine enhanced 86Rb+ flux in IMR 32 cells with an EC50 value of 7 nM. It was some 3000-fold more potent than (-)-nicotine (EC50 value, 21,000 nM) and was approximately 150-fold more potent (EC50 value, 0.4 nM) than (-)-nicotine (EC50 value = 60 nM) in increasing [3H]dopamine release from rat striatal slices. Remarkably, (+/-)-epibatidine was 40% to 50% more efficacious than (-)-nicotine in both functional assays. Both functional effects were blocked by the nAChR channel blocker, mecamylamine (100 microM). (+/-)-Epibatidine was 300 to 1000 times more potent than (-)-nicotine in the reduction of body temperature and locomotor activity in mice.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Published: 1994

350. The in vitro hepatic metabolism of ABT-418, a cholinergic channel activator, in rats, dogs, cynomolgus monkeys, and humans

Author: A D, Rodrigues, J L, Ferrero, M T, Amann, G A, Rotert, S P, Cepa, B W, Surber, J M, Machinist, N R, Tich, J P, Sullivan, and D S, Garvey
Subjects: Adult, Male, Pyrrolidines, Isoxazoles, In Vitro Techniques, Ion Channels, Mixed Function Oxygenases, Rats, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Macaca fascicularis, Dogs, Anti-Anxiety Agents, Liver, Parasympathetic Nervous System, Animals, Humans, Female, NADP, Subcellular Fractions
Abstract: The metabolism of the cholinergic channel activator [3H]ABT-418 was studied in 9,000g supernatant (S-9) fractions and precision-cut tissue slices prepared from rat, dog, monkey, and human livers. In rat S-9 fractions and tissue slices, the lactam and trans N'-oxide were detected as major metabolites. The lactam was also the major metabolite in monkey and human S-9 fractions and tissue slices, although the rate of formation was greater in monkey (Vmax' of 428 vs. 103 pmol/min/mg S-9 protein). Trans N'-oxide was not detected in either species, but low levels of the cis N'-oxide were detected in tissue slice preparations from two human subjects. In contrast, trans ABT-418 N'-oxide was identified as a major metabolite in dog S-9 fractions (Vmax' of 266 pmol metabolite formed/min/mg S-9 protein) and tissue slices. Although identified as a minor metabolite in dog S-9 fractions, the lactam metabolite was shown to account for a sizeable proportion of the total radioactivity in the corresponding tissue slice preparations (22% of the total radioactivity at 12 hr); the rank order of lactam formation by the precision-cut liver slices was monkeyhumanrator = dog. Evidence that N'-oxidation and C-oxidation (to lactam) of ABT-418 was mediated by liver microsomal flavin-containing mono-oxygenase (FMO) and cytochromes P-450 (CYPs), respectively, was obtained with the inhibitors thiobenzamide and clotrimazole. The involvement of cytosolic aldehyde oxidase (AO) was suggested by a significant correlation (r2 = 0.998, p0.01) between the observed rate of lactam formation and AO (N1-methylnicotinamide oxidase) activity in rat, dog, monkey, and human S-9 fractions; inhibition of lactam formation by the AO substrate N1-methylnicotinamide; and the lack of lactam formation in the absence of cytosol. Data indicate that the species-related differences in the hepatic metabolism of ABT-418 may be dependent on the relative levels and/or activity of FMO, CYP, and AO. In this regard, ABT-418 is very similar to nicotine. However, unlike nicotine, the N-demethylation of parent drug and the further products of lactam metabolism was not detected.
Published: 1994

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