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1,014 results on '"Harrison, R. M."'

301. A study on the relationship between mass concentrations, chemistry and number size distribution of urban fine aerosols in Milan, Barcelona and London

Author

Rodríguez, S., primary, Van Dingenen, R., additional, Putaud, J.-P., additional, Dell'Acqua, A., additional, Pey, J., additional, Querol, X., additional, Alastuey, A., additional, Chenery, S., additional, Ho, K.-F., additional, Harrison, R. M., additional, Tardivo, R., additional, Scarnato, B., additional, and Gianelle, V., additional

Published
2007
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303. Investigating a two-component model of solid fuel organic aerosol in London: processes, PM1 contributions, and seasonality.

Author

Young, D. E., Allan, J. D., Williams, P. I., Green, D. C., Harrison, R. M., Yin, J., Flynn, M. J., Gallagher, M. W., and Coe, H.

Subjects
ORGANIC compounds, SOLID fuel reactors, ATMOSPHERIC aerosols, EMISSIONS (Air pollution), BIOMASS, AIR quality
Abstract

Solid fuel emissions, including those from biomass burning, are increasing in urban areas across the European Union due to rising energy costs and government incentives to use renewable energy sources for heating. In order to help protect human health as well as to improve air quality and pollution abatement strategies, the sources of combustion aerosols, their contributions, and the processes they undergo need to be better understood. A high-resolution time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometer (HR-ToF-AMS) was therefore deployed at an urban background site between January and February 2012 to investigate solid fuel organic aerosols (SFOA) in London. The variability of SFOA was examined and the factors governing the split between the two SFOA factors derived from Positive Matrix Factorisation (PMF) were assessed. The concentrations of both factors were found to increase during the night and during cold periods, consistent with domestic space heating activities. The split between the two factors is likely governed predominantly by differences in burn conditions where SFOA1 best represents more efficient burns and SFOA2 best represents less efficient burns. The differences in efficiency may be due to burner types or burn phase, for example. Different fuel types and levels of atmospheric processing also likely contribute to the two factors. As the mass spectral profile of SFOA is highly variable, the findings from this study may have implications for improving future source apportionment and factorisation analyses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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305. Chemical and physical characteristics of aerosol particles at a remote coastal location, Mace Head, Ireland, during NAMBLEX

Author

Coe, H., primary, Allan, J. D., additional, Alfarra, M. R., additional, Bower, K. N., additional, Flynn, M. J., additional, McFiggans, G. B., additional, Topping, D. O., additional, Williams, P. I., additional, O'Dowd, C. D., additional, Dall'Osto, M., additional, Beddows, D. C. S., additional, and Harrison, R. M., additional

Published
2006
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306. The North Atlantic Marine Boundary Layer Experiment(NAMBLEX). Overview of the campaign held at Mace Head, Ireland, in summer 2002

Author

Heard, D. E., primary, Read, K. A., additional, Methven, J., additional, Al-Haider, S., additional, Bloss, W. J., additional, Johnson, G. P., additional, Pilling, M. J., additional, Seakins, P. W., additional, Smith, S. C., additional, Sommariva, R., additional, Stanton, J. C., additional, Still, T. J., additional, Ingham, T., additional, Brooks, B., additional, De Leeuw, G., additional, Jackson, A. V., additional, McQuaid, J. B., additional, Morgan, R., additional, Smith, M. H., additional, Carpenter, L. J., additional, Carslaw, N., additional, Hamilton, J., additional, Hopkins, J. R., additional, Lee, J. D., additional, Lewis, A. C., additional, Purvis, R. M., additional, Wevill, D. J., additional, Brough, N., additional, Green, T., additional, Mills, G., additional, Penkett, S. A., additional, Plane, J. M. C., additional, Saiz-Lopez, A., additional, Worton, D., additional, Monks, P. S., additional, Fleming, Z., additional, Rickard, A. R., additional, Alfarra, M. R., additional, Allan, J. D., additional, Bower, K., additional, Coe, H., additional, Cubison, M., additional, Flynn, M., additional, McFiggans, G., additional, Gallagher, M., additional, Norton, E. G., additional, O'Dowd, C. D., additional, Shillito, J., additional, Topping, D., additional, Vaughan, G., additional, Williams, P., additional, Bitter, M., additional, Ball, S. M., additional, Jones, R. L., additional, Povey, I. M., additional, O'Doherty, S., additional, Simmonds, P. G., additional, Allen, A., additional, Kinnersley, R. P., additional, Beddows, D. C. S., additional, Dall'Osto, M., additional, Harrison, R. M., additional, Donovan, R. J., additional, Heal, M. R., additional, Jennings, S. G., additional, Noone, C., additional, and Spain, G., additional

Published
2006
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307. The North Atlantic Marine Boundary Layer Experiment (NAMBLEX). Overview of the campaign held at Mace Head, Ireland, in summer 2002

Author

Heard, D. E., primary, Read, K. A., additional, Methven, J., additional, Al-Haider, S., additional, Bloss, W. J., additional, Johnson, G. P., additional, Pilling, M. J., additional, Seakins, P. W., additional, Smith, S. C., additional, Sommariva, R., additional, Stanton, J. C., additional, Still, T. J., additional, Brooks, B., additional, De Leeuw, G., additional, Jackson, A. V., additional, McQuaid, J. B., additional, Morgan, R., additional, Smith, M. H., additional, Carpenter, L. J., additional, Carslaw, N., additional, Hamilton, J., additional, Hopkins, J. R., additional, Lee, J. D., additional, Lewis, A. C., additional, Purvis, R. M., additional, Wevill, D. J., additional, Brough, N., additional, Green, T., additional, Mills, G., additional, Penkett, S. A., additional, Plane, J. M. C., additional, Saiz-Lopez, A., additional, Worton, D., additional, Monks, P. S., additional, Fleming, Z., additional, Rickard, A. R., additional, Alfarra, M., additional, Allan, J. D., additional, Bower, K., additional, Coe, H., additional, Cubison, M., additional, Flynn, M., additional, McFiggans, G., additional, Gallagher, M., additional, Norton, E. G., additional, O’Dowd, C. D., additional, Shillito, J., additional, Topping, D., additional, Vaughan, G., additional, Williams, P., additional, Bitter, M., additional, Ball, S. M., additional, Jones, R. L., additional, Povey, I. M., additional, O’Doherty, S., additional, Simmonds, P. G., additional, Allen, A., additional, Kinnersley, R. P., additional, Beddows, D. C. S., additional, Dall’Osto, M., additional, Harrison, R. M., additional, Donovan, R. J., additional, Heal, M. R., additional, Jennings, S. G., additional, Noone, C., additional, and Spain, G., additional

Published
2005
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308. Chemical and physical characteristics of aerosol particles at a remote coastal location, Mace Head, Ireland, during NAMBLEX

Author

Coe, H., primary, Allan, J. D., additional, Alfarra, M. R., additional, Bower, K. N., additional, Flynn, M. J., additional, McFiggans, G. B., additional, Topping, D. O., additional, Williams, P. I., additional, O’Dowd, C. D., additional, Dall’Osto, M., additional, Beddows, D. C. S., additional, and Harrison, R. M., additional

Published
2005
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312. An analysis of rapid increases in condensation nuclei concentrations at a remote coastal site in western Ireland.

Author

Grenfell, J. L., Harrison, R. M., Allen, A. G., Shi, J. P., Penkett, S. A., O’Dowd, C. D., Smith, M. H., Hill, M. K., Robertson, L., Hewitt, CN, Davison, B. M., Lewis, A. C., Creasey, D. J., Heard, D. E., Hebestreit, K., Alicke, B., James, J., Grenfell, J. L., Harrison, R. M., Allen, A. G., Shi, J. P., Penkett, S. A., O’Dowd, C. D., Smith, M. H., Hill, M. K., Robertson, L., Hewitt, CN, Davison, B. M., Lewis, A. C., Creasey, D. J., Heard, D. E., Hebestreit, K., Alicke, B., and James, J.

Abstract

Massive “bursts” in condensation nuclei (CN) concentration were recorded at a remote site on the west Irish coast during campaigns in summer 1996 and spring/summer 1997. Number concentrations of 3–7 nm diameter CN were observed to rise daily from 102–103 up to ∼105 /cm3 for 1–3 hours. Data were collected as part of the Atmospheric Chemistry Studies in the Oceanic Environment program. In a previous paper the burst phenomenon was linked to the movement of the tide, and it was suggested that enhanced biogenic emissions occurred near low tide with concomitant rapid homogeneous gas phase CN formation. In this paper possible chemical mechanisms for the burst phenomenon are investigated. Two approaches are adopted. First, by assuming a 20:80 sulfate:water molar composition and calculating the number distribution using data from condensation particle counters, the total mass of CN formed during a burst is evaluated. This is compared with that mass of sulfate produced by OH-initiated dimethyl sulfide (DMS) oxidation. The procedure is termed “mass balance.” Second, a variety of chemical species are coplotted with tidal height. DMS oxidation is not believed to play a major role in CN formation at this site because (1) the mass balance calculations imply ambient DMS concentrations higher than those observed, and (2) gas phase HCl, HNO3, SO2, and NH3 did not exhibit any discernible correlation with tidal height. Further, none of the suite of observed nonmethane hydrocarbons or DMS showed a tidal relation. No mechanism has to date been convincingly identified for the burst phenomenon.

Published
1999

316. BACK MATTER

Author

Brown, L. M., primary, Collings, N., additional, Harrison, R. M., additional, Maynard, A. D., additional, and Maynard, R. L., additional

Published
2003
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317. FRONT MATTER

Author

Brown, L. M., primary, Collings, N., additional, Harrison, R. M., additional, Maynard, A. D., additional, and Maynard, R. L., additional

Published
2003
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320. The Great Dun Fell Cloud Experiment 1993: an overview

Author

Choularton, T. W., Colvile, R. N., Bower, K. N., Gallagher, M. W., Wells, M., Beswick, K. M., Arends, B. G., Mols, J. J., Kos, G. P. A., Fuzzi, S., Lind, J. A., Orsi, G., Facchini, M. C., Laj, P., Gieray, R., Wieser, P., Engelhardt, T., Berner, A., Kruisz, C., Moller, D., Acker, K., Wieprecht, W., Luttke, J., Levsen, K., Bizjak, M., Hansson, H.-C., Cederfelt, S.-I., Frank, G., Mentes, B., Martinsson, B., Orsine, D., Svenningsson, B., Swietlicki, E., Wiedensohler, A., Noone, K. J., Pahl, S., Winkler, P., Seyffer, E., Helas, G., Jaeschke, W., Georgii, H. W., Wobrock, W., Preiss, M., Maser, R., Schell, D., Dollard, G., Jones, B., Davies, T., Sedlak, D. L., David, M. M., Wendisch, M., Cape, J. N., Hargreaves, K. J., Sutton, M. A., Storeton-West, R. L., Fowler, D., Hallberg, A., Harrison, R. M., Peak, J. D., Choularton, T. W., Colvile, R. N., Bower, K. N., Gallagher, M. W., Wells, M., Beswick, K. M., Arends, B. G., Mols, J. J., Kos, G. P. A., Fuzzi, S., Lind, J. A., Orsi, G., Facchini, M. C., Laj, P., Gieray, R., Wieser, P., Engelhardt, T., Berner, A., Kruisz, C., Moller, D., Acker, K., Wieprecht, W., Luttke, J., Levsen, K., Bizjak, M., Hansson, H.-C., Cederfelt, S.-I., Frank, G., Mentes, B., Martinsson, B., Orsine, D., Svenningsson, B., Swietlicki, E., Wiedensohler, A., Noone, K. J., Pahl, S., Winkler, P., Seyffer, E., Helas, G., Jaeschke, W., Georgii, H. W., Wobrock, W., Preiss, M., Maser, R., Schell, D., Dollard, G., Jones, B., Davies, T., Sedlak, D. L., David, M. M., Wendisch, M., Cape, J. N., Hargreaves, K. J., Sutton, M. A., Storeton-West, R. L., Fowler, D., Hallberg, A., Harrison, R. M., and Peak, J. D.

Abstract

The 1993 Ground-based Cloud Experiment on Great Dun Fell used a wide range of measurements of trace gases, aerosol particles and cloud droplets at five sites to study their sources and sinks especially those in cloud. These measurements have been interpreted using a variety of models. The conclusions add to our knowledge of air pollution, acidification of the atmosphere and the ground, eutrophication and climate change. The experiment is designed to use the hill cap cloud as a flow-through reactor, and was conducted in varying levels of pollution typical of much of the rural temperate continental northern hemisphere in spring-time.

Published
1997

323. Physicochemical properties of atmospheric aerosol at South UIST.

Author

Lowe, J. A., Smith, M. H., Davison, B. M., Benson, S. E., Hill, M. K., O'dowd, C. D., Harrison, R. M., Hewitt, C. N., Lowe, J. A., Smith, M. H., Davison, B. M., Benson, S. E., Hill, M. K., O'dowd, C. D., Harrison, R. M., and Hewitt, C. N.

Abstract

Four field campaigns over the period November 1993 to August 1994 were undertaken on the island of South Uist, off the northwest coast of Scotland as part of the BMCAPE project. Measurements were made of the concentration and chemical composition of aerosol particles, utilising a variety of instruments. Sulphur and nitrogen gas species were also measured throughout these campaigns, together with appropriate meteorological parameters. A variety of air mass types were encountered during the campaigns and the relationship between the physical and chemical aerosol properties are discussed in terms of air mass histories and season factors.

Published
1996

324. PARFORCE: Objectives and achievements.

Author

O’Dowd, C. D., Ma¨kela¨, J. M., Korhonen, P., Ha¨meri, K., Va¨keva¨, M., Pirjola, L., Hansson, H-C, Jennings, S. G., de Leeuw, G., Kunz, G., Berresheim, H., Harrison, R. M., Allen, A. G., Viisanen, Y., and Kulmala, M.

Subjects
PARTICLES, ATMOSPHERIC physics, CLOUD physics
Abstract

Understanding the formation of natural particles in the atmosphere, and their growth to radiatively active sizes, is critical to quantifying the role of anthropogenic emissions on cloud formation, climate change and public health. Only a few regions have been identified as strong natural sources of aerosols in the boundary layer: in particular, the coastal region seems to be the strongest natural source of these new particles. The PARFORCE programme was designed to elucidate and understand the underlying processes leading to observed coastal nucleation and to quantify the factors promoting coastal nucleation. Initial results indicate that nucleation rates in the coastal environment are of the order of 10[sup 7] cm[sup -3] s[sup -1] and can be explained by ternary nucleation of sulphuric acid, water vapour and ammonia; however, growth to detectable sizes can only be explained by additional condensation of, probably, organic vapour — otherwise these new stable embryos are lost due to coagulation. The primary biogenic condensing species leading to the observed particle concentrations is thought to be a halocarbon derivative. Peak concentration of particles at sizes >3 nm can reach 1,000,000 cm[sup -3] after a coastal nucleation event and these events occur almost on a daily basis over considerable spatial scales. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2000

327. ACE-2 HILLCLOUD. An overview of the ACE-2 ground-based cloud experiment

Author

Bower, K. N., primary, Choularton, T. W., additional, Gallagher, M. W., additional, Beswick, K. M., additional, Flynn, M. J., additional, Allen, A. G., additional, Davison, B. M., additional, James, J. D., additional, Robertson, L., additional, Harrison, R. M., additional, Hewitt, C. N., additional, Cape, J. N., additional, McFadyen, G. G., additional, Milford, C., additional, Sutton, M. A, additional, Martinsson, B. G., additional, Frank, G., additional, Swietlicki, E., additional, Zhou, J., additional, Berg, O. H., additional, Mentes, B., additional, Papaspiropoulos, G., additional, Hansson, H.-C., additional, Leck, C., additional, Kulmala, M., additional, Aalto, P., additional, Vakeva, M., additional, Berner, A., additional, Bizjak, M., additional, Fuzzi, S., additional, Laj, P., additional, Facchini, M.-C., additional, Orsi, G., additional, Ricci, L., additional, Nielsen, M., additional, Allan, B. J., additional, Coe, H., additional, McFiggans, G., additional, Plane, J. M. C., additional, Collett, J. L., additional, Moore, K. F., additional, and Sherman, D. E., additional

Published
2000
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329. Investigating the annual behaviour of submicron secondary inorganic and organic aerosols in London.

Author

Young, D. E., Allan, J. D., Williams, P. I., Green, D. C., Flynn, M. J., Harrison, R. M., Yin, J., Gallagher, M. W., and Coe, H.

Abstract

For the first time, the behaviour of non-refractory inorganic and organic submicron particulate through an entire annual cycle is investigated using measurements from an Aerodyne compact time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometer (cToF-AMS) located at a UK urban background site in North Kensington, London. We show secondary aerosols account for a significant fraction of the submicron aerosol burden and that high concentration events are governed by different factors depending on season. Furthermore, we demonstrate that on an annual basis there is no variability in the extent of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) oxidation, as defined by the oxygen content, irrespective of amount. This result is surprising given the changes in precursor emissions and contributions as well as photochemical activity throughout the year; however it may make the characterisation of SOA in urban environments more straightforward than previously supposed. Organic species, nitrate, sulphate, ammonium, and chloride were measured during 2012 with average concentrations (±one standard deviation) of 4.32 (±4.42), 2.74 (±5.00), 1.39 (±1.34), 1.30 (±1.52) and 0.15 (±0.24) µg m-3, contributing 43, 28, 14, 13 and 2% to the total submicron mass, respectively. Components of the organic aerosol fraction are determined using positive matrix factorisation (PMF) where five factors are identified and attributed as hydrocarbon-like OA (HOA), cooking OA (COA), solid fuel OA (SFOA), type 1 oxygenated OA (OOA1), and type 2 oxygenated OA (OOA2). OOA1 and OOA2 represent more and less oxygenated OA with average concentrations of 1.27 (±1.49) and 0.14 (±0.29) µg m-3, respectively, where OOA1 dominates the SOA fraction (90 %). Diurnal, monthly, and seasonal trends are observed in all organic and inorganic species, due to meteorological conditions, specific nature of the aerosols, and avail- ability of precursors. Regional and transboundary pollution as well as other individual pollution events influence London's total submicron aerosol burden. High concentrations of non-refractory submicron aerosols in London are governed by particulate emissions in winter, especially nitrate and SFOA, whereas SOA formation drives the high concentrations during the summer. The findings from this work could have significant implications for modelling of urban air pollution as well as for the effects of atmospheric aerosols on health and climate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014
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332. An analysis of rapid increases in condensation nuclei concentrations at a remote coastal site in western Ireland

Author

Grenfell, J. L., primary, Harrison, R. M., additional, Allen, A. G., additional, Shi, J. P., additional, Penkett, S. A., additional, O'Dowd, C. D., additional, Smith, M. H., additional, Hill, M. K., additional, Robertson, L., additional, Hewitt, C. N., additional, Davison, B., additional, Lewis, A. C., additional, Creasey, D. J., additional, Heard, D. E., additional, Hebestreit, K., additional, Alicke, B., additional, and James, J., additional

Published
1999
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