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In this report, Ba1Bi1Cu1Fe1Ni1Ti3O12 (BBCFNTO termed further) ceramics were synthesized using a conventional ceramic processing route. The formation of multiple phases has been confirmed from by the XRD pattern at room temperature. The surface micrograph indicates the uniform distribution of grains with distinct grain boundary. The co-relation between the impedance and dielectric parameters was realized by using a phase sensitive meter over a good temperature and frequency range. The temperature- and frequency-dependent dielectric properties are linked to the conduction mechanism. The dielectric constant (K) and loss (tanδ) are increased sharply at high-temperature region, which is expected to be the onset of dipolar relaxation phenomena. The contribution of grain boundary (GBs) and grain (Gs) effects can be identified using the complex impedance spectroscopy. This synthesized material is investigated to model multifunctional devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this report, Ba1Bi1Cu1Fe1Ni1Ti3O12 (BBCFNTO termed further) ceramics were synthesized using a conventional ceramic processing route. The formation of multiple phases has been confirmed from by the XRD pattern at room temperature. The surface micrograph indicates the uniform distribution of grains with distinct grain boundary. The co-relation between the impedance and dielectric parameters was realized by using a phase sensitive meter over a good temperature and frequency range. The temperature- and frequency-dependent dielectric properties are linked to the conduction mechanism. The dielectric constant (K) and loss (tanδ) are increased sharply at high-temperature region, which is expected to be the onset of dipolar relaxation phenomena. The contribution of grain boundary (GBs) and grain (Gs) effects can be identified using the complex impedance spectroscopy. This synthesized material is investigated to model multifunctional devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present paper, fabrication and characterization (structural, electrical and ferroelectric properties) of a lead-free lanthanum (La) modified bismuth ferrite electroceramic having composition Bi(Fe0.5La0.5)O3 (BFLO) using various experimental techniques have been reported. BFLO has been synthesized by means of a high-temperature inter-diffusion of oxides method. This investigation mainly aims to correlate the phase formation and physical properties while the Fe-site of bismuth ferrite has partially been replaced by La. The surface micrograph shows the formation of the high dense ceramic sample. Analysis of data of various complex spectroscopies related to modulus and impedance exhibits the relaxation mechanism in this sample is of non-Debye type. The combined effect of grains and grain boundaries has been depicted from the Nyquist plot through the least-squares fitting of suitable circuit model along with the experimental data. The remnant polarization and coercive field decreases as temperature rises which was discerned from the ferroelectric loop obtained at different temperatures. The existence of ferroelectric nature in the sample was postulated from the polarization versus electric field plot. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present communication, studies of some physical properties (i.e., crystal data, permittivity, impedance, electrical cobnduction and magnetic) of a multiferroic material with a chemical composition (SmLi)1/2(Fe2/3Mo1/3)O3 have been reported. Thermogravimetric analysis of the compound, prepared by cost effective ceramic technology processing, was executed to check the mass loss as well as the required decomposition temperature of the ingredients. An analysis of X-ray spectra or pattern suggests that the crystallization phase or cystal system of the compound at room temperature is orthorhombic. The broad studies of dielectric properties {relative dielectric constant (εr), and tangent loss (tan δ)} display their independence of temperature and frequency in the rage of (30-375 °C) and (1 kHz-1 MHz) respectively. The impedance spectroscopic technique has provided a considerable significant information regarding the grain, grain boundary contribution within the sample and relaxation mechanism of the compound. The occurrence of negative temperature coefficient behaviour (NTCR) is depicted by the further analysis of impedance parameters. The frequency-temperature dependence of conductivity follows the Johnson’s power Universal law. The Arrhenius plot (i.e., variation of electrical conductivity with temperature) is used to calculate the activation energy. Analysis of magnetization (M-H) loop shows weak ferromagnetism of the compound. The material possesses significantly high magnitude of magnetoelectric coefficient of 3.0 mV Cm− 1 Oe− 1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The polycrystalline sample of CaSnO3 modified BiFeO3-BaTiO3 with a composition 0.85BaTiO3-0.1BiFeO3-0.05CaSnO3 (hereafter BTO-BFO-CSO-5) was fabricated by a cost effective ceramic technology. The crystal system and unit cell dimensions of the prepared system were obtained by analyzing the room temperature X-ray spectra or pattern, and found to be an orthorhombic phase. The scanning electron micrograph shows the formation of the high-density ceramic sample. Resistive (impedance, modulus and electrical transport) and insulating (dielectric) properties of the system have been obtained using dielectric and the impedance spectroscopy at various frequencies (102-106 Hz) and temperatures (25-450 °C). The Nyquist plots exhibit the presence of the effect of grains in the prepared sample. The electrical transport properties of the material can be explained with the help of charge transfer by hopping process. The complex electrical modulus plot is used to determine the dielectric relaxation. The frequency dependence of conductivity plot follows the universal Jonscher power law. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The lead-free polycrystalline ceramic, barium titanate modified bismuth-sodium titanate 0.98 (BiNaTiO) + 0.02 BaTiO (BNT-BT-2) was synthesized by using a mixed oxide route at high temperature. The structural (crystal structure, microstructure, molecular structure), and electrical (dielectric constant and loss, impedance, conductivity) characteristics of the parent compound (BiNaTiO) have greatly been influenced by the addition of even a small amount of barium titanate in it. Preliminary structural study of BNT-BT-2 using X-ray diffraction data clearly shows the formation of a single-phase perovskite structure with the coexistence of hexagonal (major phase) and tetragonal (minor) phases. The existence of diffuse phase transtition and the relaxor behaviour in the material is confirmed by analysis of temperature-frequency dependence of dielectric parameters. The composition (0.98BNT − 0.02BT) of the material shows non-Ohmic conduction in its J-E characteristics. In this lead-free ceramic, permittivity anomalies are matched to modulus anomalies. The highlighted features are determined by structural phase transitions of the ferroelectric-like. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have recently emerged as innovative theranostic nanomaterials, enabling fast and effective diagnosis and treatment. In this study, a facile hydrothermal approach for N-doped biomass-derived CQDs preparation from Citrus clementina peel and amino acids glycine (Gly) and arginine (Arg) has been presented. The gradual increase in the N-dopant (amino acids) nitrogen content increased the quantum yield of synthesized CQDs. The prepared CQDs exhibited good biocompatibility, stability in aqueous, and high ionic strength media, similar optical properties, while differences were observed regarding the structural and chemical diversity, and biological and antioxidant activity. The antiproliferative effect of CQD@Gly against pancreatic cancer cell lines (CFPAC-1) was observed. At the same time, CQD@Arg has demonstrated the highest quantum yield and antioxidant activity by DPPH scavenging radical method of 81.39 ± 0.39% and has been further used for the ion sensing and cellular imaging of cancer cells. The obtained results have demonstrated selective response toward Fe3+ detection, with linear response ranging from 7.0 µmol dm−3 to 50.0 µmol dm−3 with R2 = 0.9931 and limit of detection (LOD) of 4.57 ± 0.27 µmol dm−3. This research could be a good example of sustainable biomass waste utilization with potential for biomedical analysis and ion sensing applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The bulk ceramics bearing chemical formula BiFeO3 and (BiLi)1/2(Fe2/3Mo1/3)O3 (abbreviated as BFO and BLFMO respectively) are synthesized using mixed oxide route. The physical properties (structural, dielectric, electric and magnetic) are tailored in Li and Mo co-doped BiFeO3. The phase evolution suggests that there is transformation from rhombohedral (pure BFO) to orthorhombic (BLFMO). Micro-structural suggests that due to co-doping the size of the grain is smaller than BFO. The dielectric properties of both BFO and BLFMO measure with an LCR meter varying the frequency (102–106 Hz) and temperature (30–375 °C). The leakage current decreases in BLFMO. The magnetic hysteresis loop owing weak ferromagnetism is depicted for Li and Mo co-doped BFO. The fabricated material will be base for various applications like filter and buffering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new polycrystalline ceramic sample of (Sb1/2Na1/2)(Fe2/3Mo1/3)O3 is formed by cheap mixed oxide processing technique. The mass loss and the calcination temperature of the sample are optimized by thermogravimetric analysis and repeated firing. The formed sample crystallizes in the orthorhombic crystal structure at room temperature depicted from the X-ray diffraction spectra. The dielectric relaxation, impedance and modulus analysis of the sample have been analyzed in various temperature and frequency range. The dielectric parameters of the sample depend on frequency and temperature and with an increment in temperature the relaxation time falls. Impedance spectroscopy analysis predicts the association of grain and grain boundary resistance. The short and long-range mobility of the charge carriers are illustrated by the modulus plot. Ac conductivity is seen to be temperature and frequency dependent and hopping of the charge carriers is also observed at high temperature. Further, the universal power law is followed by ac conductivity mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The polycrystalline samples having composition Bi0.45Eu0.02Na0.45Pb0.1Zr0.048Ti0.952O3 (BNPZTE-2 abbreviated ahead), Bi0.41Eu0.04Na0.45Pb0.1Zr0.048Ti0.952O3 (BNPZTE-4 abbreviated ahead), Bi0.39Eu0.06Na0.45Pb0.1Zr0.048Ti0.952O3 (BNPZTE-6 abbreviated ahead) had been synthesised using the mixed oxide processing route. The prepared samples were found to be in single phase and crystallize in tetragonal structure. The surface morphology suggests the high density grain growth in all samples. The electrical behavior (dielectric, impedance, and modulus) of the prepared samples collected at various temperatures and frequencies. The value of activation energy had been evaluated from the temperature dependent conductivity plot. The grain and grain boundary contribution to the polarization process have been depicted from the impedance analysis. The parallel plate capacitor structure was proposed to unveil the influence of applied electric field on the excitation of samples. The prepared samples will find its application in the filter application (noise removal) or buffering circuit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The barium doped bismuth sodium titanate (i.e., Bi0.49Na0.490.98Ba0.02)TiO3 (BNBT) powder was prepared by a conventional ceramic processing route. The thin film composites of BNBT- PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride) were fabricated via a solution casting route. The scanning electron micrographs of the thin film samples show the homogenous distribution of grains with absence of cracks/pores. It is observed that with the increase of BNBT content in PVDF leads to enhancement in the dielectric permittivity and the reduction in the dissipation factor (tangent loss). The various electrical properties of the thin film samples were studied in the frequency range of 1 kHz to 1 MHz at different temperature between 25 and 100 °C. The prepared composite films have been used to study the (a) relationship between properties and crystal structure and (b) relaxation and conduction mechanism through the complex modulus and impedance spectroscopy. The contribution of grains was analyzed in the composite films by the fitting of equivalent circuit with the experimental data. An existence of the non-Debye type of dielectric relaxation was indicated by studying of the impedance and modulus parameters. The calculated activation energy from the temperature dependence of AC conductivity depicts hopping nature of charge carriers, which further explain the conduction process and mechanism in the prepared composites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The 70% BiFeO3 (BFO) with 30% PbTiO3 composite has attracted attention of many researchers, as it falls under MPB (morphotropic phase boundary) region. The studied composites 0.7(BiSmxFe1−xO3)-0.3(PbTiO3) for x = 0.0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20 were synthesized through the conventional route of solid-state reaction. The crystallization, symmetry (rhombohedral), and structural confirmation of the composites have been made through X-ray diffraction technique. The surface morphology of the natural surface is observed employing scanning electron microscope. The dielectric, impedance, and conductivity study reveals the electrical behavior of the samples. The dielectric permittivity is seen to rise with the increase in doping concentration. The high value of dielectric constant (7390.5) found for 10 wt% doping concentration of samarium. The composites are found to show negative temperature coefficient of resistivity behavior in the temperature range (275-350 °C). The relaxation phenomenon is reflected through impedance plots. From these results, it may be concluded that this material may be used for different high-temperature applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tin oxide is an n-type semiconducting material having superior properties that can be utilized in several applications. The warning and detection of several dangerous gases in the environment are possible by utilizing gas sensors. The comprehensive functionality of these sensors could help to reduce the risk of severe health hazards and unexpected explosion risks. Tin oxide-based gas sensors exhibit reliable gas sensing performances along with respectful sensitivity and selectivity. Tin oxides in micro-and nano-particle forms provide an extremely high surface-to-volume ratio, which is favorable for gas sensors. Processing and synthesis of tin oxide particles accompany high-temperature processes, and this paper focuses on studying the effect of sintering temperatures on the structural and grain size of the commercially available tin oxide particles. The surface morphology of the tin oxide samples sintered at three different temperatures of 1100, 1200, 1300 °C shows a clear difference in the grain size and further affecting the dielectric properties of the materials. The gas sensing performances of three tin oxide samples are investigated by fabricating a pellet-type gas sensor. The sensor with the sintering temperature of 1200 °C exhibits the best gas-sensing performance with high response and low limit of detection (LOD). Our results suggest that the sintering temperature plays a vital role in deciding the dielectric properties and grain sizes, which are important parameters that affect the gas sensing behavior of tin oxide micro-and nano-particles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chemical dyes present in wastewater generated from textile and paint industries can cause serious environmental and health hazards if not adequately treated. Photocatalytic degradation, an eco-friendly water treatment method, utilizes charge carriers generated from sunlight to remove pollutants in water without requiring additional energy input. Since the interaction between polluted water and a catalyst is crucial in water treatment, an emerging technology involves the combination of porous materials and light-sensitive materials. In this study, BaTiO 3 nanoparticles are loaded into a Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework (ZIF-8) to create BaTiO 3 @ZIF-8 nanocomposites for the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) under solar irradiation. To facilitate the smooth transfer of charge carriers between BaTiO 3 and ZIF-8, ZIF-8 has been synthesized in the presence of BaTiO 3 , allowing ZIF-8 to grow on the surface of BaTiO 3. The concentration of BaTiO 3 is adjusted during synthesis to optimize the photocatalytic performance. Among the different compositions, 25 wt% BaTiO 3 @ZIF-8 demonstrates the highest photocatalytic activity. This composite efficiently degrades 93 % of MB dye in 180 min and completely degrades the Congo Red dye in just 75 min under solar irradiation. Furthermore, the photocatalyst exhibits good cyclability over four cycles, maintaining its excellent performance. These results suggest that the current study contributes to the synthesis of highly effective photocatalysts for the breakdown of dyes in aqueous media under sunlight exposure. • MOF@perovskite-based nanocomposite was synthesized. • 93 % of the MB dye and 100 % of CR dye is degraded using 25 wt% of BTO loaded ZIF-8 photocatalyst. • Combination of semiconductor and porous MOF improves the degradation efficiency of dyes. • Working mechanism of MOF@pervoskite-based nanocomposite is highlighted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Humidity sensing is a critical parameter for various applications, ranging from environmental monitoring to healthcare and food packaging. Traditional humidity sensors show respectable sensitivity but suffer from a shorter battery life span and slow response time. However, the triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) technology has emerged as a promising alternative for humidity sensing, offering superior performance and compatibility with various substrates. TENGs can convert mechanical energy into electrical energy without needing an external power source. This unique feature makes TENG a promising platform for self-powered environmental sensors. In this context, synthesizing biocompatible polydopamine (PDA) material and using it for a humidity sensing layer represents a significant step toward advancing next-generation sensors. This study presents a biocompatible PDA-incorporated 3D-printed TENG for self-powered humidity sensing. The output voltage and current of the multi-unit TENG is measured to be 90 V and 2.4 μA, respectively. The TENG demonstrates a sensitivity of 1.55 V/10 RH% over the relative humidity range from 25 % to 92 %. As humidity increases, the resistance of the humidity sensor decreases, resulting in a reduction in electrical voltage output. TENG has potential applications in various fields and could be a promising candidate for next-generation humidity sensors. • Polydopamine is self-adhesive and biocompatible. • TENG is capable of converting mechanical energy to electrical energy. • TENG has a linear sensitivity of 1.55 V/10 RH% throughout an RH range of 25–92 %. • Battery-free humidity sensors could be used in environmental monitoring, healthcare, and food packaging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Triboelectric nanogenerator was 3D printed using widely available and cheap materials. • Device was applied as a self-powered sensor for detection of ultrasonic waves. • Sensor response was fitted with theoretical dependence and analyzed using FFT method. • Device was used to determine distribution of the acoustic power in ultrasonic reactor. • Developed sensor has a great potential for use in sonochemistry and sonocatalysis. The underwater ultrasound power measurement has become necessary due to the rapid development of sonochemistry and sonocatalysis. This article presents construction of novel triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) and its application for a detection of ultrasonic waves in water. The device was 3D printed using widely available and cost-effective materials. TENG consisted of the device housing and movable polymer pellets confined between flat electrodes. The device housing and pellets were 3D printed via stereolithography (SLA) and fused deposition modelling (FDM) methods, respectively. The pellets moved periodically driven by the ultrasonic waves leading to generation of an alternating voltage signal. The electric response of TENG was calibrated using a commercially available ultrasonic power sensor. The open-circuit voltage output of TENG was registered in different sections of the ultrasonic bath in order to determine the distribution of the acoustic power. TENG electric responses were analyzed by applying the fast Fourier transform (FFT) and fitting the theoretical dependence to experimental data. The main peaks in the frequency spectra of the voltage waveforms corresponded to the fundamental excitation frequency of the ultrasonic bath. TENG device, presented in this paper, can be successfully applied as a self-powered sensor for detection of ultrasonic waves. It enables precise control of the sonochemical process and reduction of power losses of the ultrasonic reactor. 3D printing technology has been confirmed to be fast, easy, and scalable method of fabrication of the ultrasonic sensors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The nanorods of bismuth sulfoiodide (BiSI) were synthesized at relatively low temperature (393 K) through a wet chemical method. The crystalline one-dimensional (1D) structure of the BiSI nanorods was confirmed using high resolution transmission microscopy (HRTEM). The morphology and chemical composition of the material were examined by applying scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), respectively. The average diameter of 126(3) nm and length of 1.9(1) µm of the BiSI nanorods were determined. X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed that prepared material consists of a major orthorhombic BiSI phase (87%) and a minor amount of hexagonal Bi13S18I2 phase (13%) with no presence of other residual phases. The direct energy band gap of 1.67(1) eV was determined for BiSI film using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). Two types of photodetectors were constructed from BiSI nanorods. The first one was traditional photoconductive device based on BiSI film on stiff glass substrate equipped with Au electrodes. An influence of light intensity on photocurrent response to monochromatic light (λ = 488 nm) illumination was studied at a constant bias voltage. The novel flexible photo-chargeable device was the second type of prepared photodetectors. It consisted of BiSI film and gel electrolyte layer sandwiched between polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates coated with indium tin oxide (ITO) electrodes. The flexible self-powered BiSI photodetector exhibited open-circuit photovoltage of 68 mV and short-circuit photocurrent density of 0.11 nA/cm2 under light illumination with intensity of 0.127 W/cm2. These results confirmed high potential of BiSI nanorods for use in self-powered photodetectors and photo-chargeable capacitors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• We emphasize on innovative device designs and novel materials for energy harvesting and self-powered sensing. • The review discussed on the different type of self-powered gas sensors in terms of source gases and energy harvesters used. • The future prospective and opportunities for self-powered sensing has been discussed. Gas sensors play a crucial role in day-to-day life due to their application in leakage detection, environmental monitoring, and healthcare applications. Self-powered gas sensors (SPGS) are rapidly emerging, harnessing ambient energy sources. Various energy harvesting sources, such as photovoltaics, PENG, triboelectric nanogenerators, and thermoelectric generators, were used to design and fabricate SPGS. These devices provide uninterrupted power to gas sensors and replace bulkier, environmentally harmful batteries. In addition, these batteries require periodic replacement and frequent charging for their continuous operation. Although the field of SPGS was emerging, moving towards commercialization needed significant progress in device design, materials, and power management. This review focuses on innovative device designs, novel materials, and types of gas sensors reported so far, and the details are systematically categorized. Also, this review envisions and discusses the future trends in the SPGS and the potential path to commercialization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• EVA-PZT-PANI composite based TENG, was fabricated. • A voltage and current of 17.8 V, 190nA output was achieved. • TENG help to power capacitors and harnesses human motion. • Demonstration of self-powered traffic counter, advancing intelligent transportation. This work aims to create energy-harvesting composites using poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) EVA, lead zirconate titanate (PZT) and polyaniline (PANI) composites. The novelty lies in the fabrication of a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) using EVA-PZT-PANI composites. These composites combine the flexibility of EVA polymer with the electricity-generating power of PZT ceramic and the conductivity of PANI. Systematic investigation of the structural, electrical, and microstructural properties of these composites is carried out to optimize their energy-harvesting performance. Among various compositions, the EVP3 device demonstrates exceptional output, generating a peak voltage of 17.8 V and a current of 190 nA at 2 Hz and 5 N applied force. The TENG demonstrates its versatility in harvesting energy from various sources by powering capacitors and collecting energy from human motions. Moreover, we show the potential application of the TENG for real-time traffic monitoring. By embedding the TENG into roads, we can measure car speeds and serve as a traffic management counter, opening up new possibilities for self-powered intelligent transportation systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The bulk ceramics bearing chemical formula BiFeO3 and (BiLi)1/2(Fe2/3Mo1/3)O3 (abbreviated as BFO and BLFMO respectively) are synthesized using mixed oxide route. The physical properties (structural, dielectric, electric and magnetic) are tailored in Li and Mo co-doped BiFeO3. The phase evolution suggests that there is transformation from rhombohedral (pure BFO) to orthorhombic (BLFMO). Micro-structural suggests that due to co-doping the size of the grain is smaller than BFO. The dielectric properties of both BFO and BLFMO measure with an LCR meter varying the frequency (102–106 Hz) and temperature (30–375 °C). The leakage current decreases in BLFMO. The magnetic hysteresis loop owing weak ferromagnetism is depicted for Li and Mo co-doped BFO. The fabricated material will be base for various applications like filter and buffering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new polycrystalline ceramic sample of (Sb1/2Na1/2)(Fe2/3Mo1/3)O3 is formed by cheap mixed oxide processing technique. The mass loss and the calcination temperature of the sample are optimized by thermogravimetric analysis and repeated firing. The formed sample crystallizes in the orthorhombic crystal structure at room temperature depicted from the X-ray diffraction spectra. The dielectric relaxation, impedance and modulus analysis of the sample have been analyzed in various temperature and frequency range. The dielectric parameters of the sample depend on frequency and temperature and with an increment in temperature the relaxation time falls. Impedance spectroscopy analysis predicts the association of grain and grain boundary resistance. The short and long-range mobility of the charge carriers are illustrated by the modulus plot. Ac conductivity is seen to be temperature and frequency dependent and hopping of the charge carriers is also observed at high temperature. Further, the universal power law is followed by ac conductivity mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The polycrystalline samples having composition Bi0.45Eu0.02Na0.45Pb0.1Zr0.048Ti0.952O3 (BNPZTE-2 abbreviated ahead), Bi0.41Eu0.04Na0.45Pb0.1Zr0.048Ti0.952O3 (BNPZTE-4 abbreviated ahead), Bi0.39Eu0.06Na0.45Pb0.1Zr0.048Ti0.952O3 (BNPZTE-6 abbreviated ahead) had been synthesised using the mixed oxide processing route. The prepared samples were found to be in single phase and crystallize in tetragonal structure. The surface morphology suggests the high density grain growth in all samples. The electrical behavior (dielectric, impedance, and modulus) of the prepared samples collected at various temperatures and frequencies. The value of activation energy had been evaluated from the temperature dependent conductivity plot. The grain and grain boundary contribution to the polarization process have been depicted from the impedance analysis. The parallel plate capacitor structure was proposed to unveil the influence of applied electric field on the excitation of samples. The prepared samples will find its application in the filter application (noise removal) or buffering circuit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Ni 47 Mn 40-s Cu s In 13 alloys are prepared by an arc-melting method. • Structural properties are characterized by XRD, and SEM. • The Cu substitution in the Mn-site shifts Ms temperature to the low temperature side as e/a decrease. • Maxwell and Clausius-Clapeyron equations are used to estimate the values of magnetic entropy change. • A maximal ΔS M of 10 J.kg -1K−1 at a temperature of 248 K has been obtained in the s = 1 than ΔS M of 1.27 J.kg -1K−1 (s = 0). The structural, magnetic, and magnetocaloric characteristics of bulk Cu-doped Ni 47 Mn 40 -s Cu s In 13 Heusler alloys (s = 0 and 1) were investigated. Temperature-dependent magnetizations for Ni 47 Mn 40 -s Cu s In 13 (s = 0 and 1) were performed under a magnetic field (H) 0.05 T. The substitution of Copper (Cu) for Manganese (Mn) reduces the structural as well as magnetic phase transition temperatures. At room temperature (RT), PXRD pattern of Ni 47 Mn 40 -s Cu s In 13 (s = 0 and 1) bulk Heusler alloys shows that both samples have a cubic structure. The copper substitution in the Mn-site shifts the martensitic transformation temperature to the low temperature side as valence electron concentrations (e/a) decrease [M S = 288 K for s = 0 and M S = 251 K for s = 1]. The isothermal magnetization [M(H)] curve in the vicinity of the martensitic transition for s = 1 alloy exhibits the typical metamagnetic behavior that is not present for s = 0 Heusler alloys. The alloys reveal positive magnetic entropy changes (ΔS M) for s = 0 and 1 respectively. A maximal ΔS M of 10 J.kg -1K−1 at a temperature of 248 K has been obtained in the s = 1 compare than ΔS M of 1.27 J.kg -1K−1 (s = 0) alloys for a field change of 0–5 T. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Sonochemical synthesis and high pressure processing used for nanogenerator fabrication. • Two simple, and convergent methods of evaluation of acoustic power in liquid proposed. • Nanodevice response best fitted with the theoretical dependence in the first method. • The second technique based on Fast Fourier Transform analysis. • The rapid measurement enables real time monitoring of ultrasonic reactor operation. This paper presents the novel use of a sonochemical reaction product as a sensing material in self-powered ultrasonic reactor devices for determination of ultrasound parameters. A piezoelectric nanogenerator was fabricated via sonochemical synthesis of SbSeI nanowires compressed into a bulk sample. The prepared device was used to develop two fast and simple evaluation methods for acoustic power in liquid. A calibration procedure was carried out for both methods using a VCX-750 ultrasonic processor. The ultrasound acoustic power was varied within a 150 W to 750 W range and the corresponding nanogenerator electrical responses were measured. The voltage signals of the first method fit the best with theoretical dependence. The second technique was based on the application of the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to the measured electric output. The results of these two approaches were convergent. Acoustic power values of 255(8) W and 222(7) W were determined for the Sonic-6 reactor using theoretical dependence fitting to experimental data and FFT analysis, respectively. Developed sensing technology possesses great potential for sonochemistry applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, the automotive industry has made significant progress in integrating multifunctional sensors to improve vehicle performance, safety, and efficiency. As the number of integrated sensors keeps increasing, there is a growing interest in alternative energy sources. Specifically, self-powered sensor systems based on energy harvesting are drawing much attention, with a main focus on sustainability and reducing reliance on typical batteries. This paper demonstrates the use of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) in a computer mouse for efficient energy harvesting and in automobile braking systems for safety applications using SrBi 2 Ta 2 O 9 (SBTO) perovskite, blended PDMS composite operating in free-standing mode with an interdigitated patterned aluminum electrode. This self-powered sensor is capable of distinguishing between normal and abnormal braking patterns using digital signal processing techniques. It is noteworthy that the addition of 15% wt. of the SBTO in PDMS composite-based TENG delivered 13.5 V, 45 nA, and an output power of 0.98 µW. This new combination of energy harvesting and safety applications enables real-time monitoring and predictive maintenance in the automotive industry., (© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

In the face of mounting environmental concerns, we must seek out innovative solutions for remediation. Using nanomaterials to degrade organic pollutants in water under ambient visible light holds great promise as a safe, cost-efficient, and effective approach to addressing pollution in our water bodies. The development of novel materials capable of such pollution degradation is desired to preserve the environment. In this study, Bi 0.5 Na 0.5 TiO 3 (BNT) nanoparticles are synthesized through hydrothermal and solid-state routes, and their physicochemical properties are compared to assess their photocatalytic performance. The results of the characterization studies indicate that the hydrothermally synthesized nanoparticles outperformed the solid-state synthesized counterparts in terms of photocatalytic performance. The photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine blue dye under ambient light exposure is examined at various dye concentrations and catalyst dosages. BNT nanoparticles demonstrated excellent photocatalytic properties, stability, and recyclability, making them a promising candidate for various photocatalytic applications. The findings of this study could pave the way for the development of sustainable and environmentally friendly photocatalytic technologies for water remediation., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)