795 results on '"G. Gold"'
Search Results
302. Cerebral spinal fluid pleocytosis with bone marrow contamination
- Author
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Roberta M. Alessi, Bess G. Gold, Sudesh Kapur, and Naomi L.C. Luban
- Subjects
Male ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Acute leukemia ,business.industry ,Infant, Newborn ,Spontaneous remission ,Bone Marrow Cells ,medicine.disease ,Granulopoiesis ,Spinal Puncture ,Blood Cell Count ,Specimen Handling ,Leukemia ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,medicine ,Humans ,Bone marrow ,Leukemoid reaction ,Trisomy ,Pleocytosis ,business ,Cerebrospinal Fluid - Abstract
}lungerford DA: Chromosome preparations of leukocytes cultured from human peripheral blood. Exp Cell Res 20:613, 1960. 6. Seabright M: A rapid banding technique for human chromosomes. Lancet 2:971, 1971. 7. Van Eys J, Flexner JM: Transient spontaneous remission in a case of untreated congenital leukemia'. Am J Dis Child 118:507, 1969. 8. Ross JD, Moloney WC, Desforges JF: Ineffective regulation of granulopoiesis masquerading as congenital leukemia in a mongoloid child. J PEDIATR 63:1, 1963. 9. Lazarus KII, Iieerema NA, Palmer CG, Baehner RL: Myeloproliferative reaction in a child with Down's syndrome: Cytological and chromosomal evidence for a transient leukemia. Am J ttematol 11:417, 1981. 10. Rowley JD: Down's syndrome and acute leukemia: Increased risk may be due to trisomy 21. Lancet 2:1020, 1981. I1. Lin tl-P, Menaka II, Lim K-tl, Yong ItS: Congenital leukemoid reaction followed by fatal leukemia: A case with Down's syndrome. Am J Dis Child 134:939, 1980. 12. Chu J-Y, Weldon BC: Acute leukemia in a patient with Down's syndrome and transient congenital leukemia. Am J Dis Child 136:367, 1982.
- Published
- 1984
303. Stability of CAB contact lenses with hydration
- Author
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M D, Sarver, G, Gold, S, Trezza, and D, Lopez
- Subjects
Butyrates ,Polymethacrylic Acids ,Evaluation Studies as Topic ,Tensile Strength ,Water ,Acetates ,Cellulose ,Contact Lenses, Hydrophilic ,Elasticity ,Absorption - Abstract
The effects of hydration on the base curve of CAB lenses were measured with a radiuscope. A significant amount of lens warpage and variability in curvature was detected in all lenses under conditions of continuous hydration. Thinner lenses flattened more than thicker lenses of the same power. Lenses of greater minus power flattened more than lenses of less minus power for a given lens thickenss. Plus power lenses were more stable than minus power lenses. Control lenses, stored dry, did not flatten or warp.
- Published
- 1978
304. Schwann cell proliferation and migration during paranodal demyelination
- Author
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KE Fahnestock, N Drucker, M Benzaquen, J Rosenfeld, John W. Griffin, Bruce G. Gold, LR Charnas, and EA Stocks
- Subjects
Male ,Time Factors ,Cell division ,Schwann cell ,Nerve fiber ,Biology ,Schwann cell proliferation ,Myelin ,Nerve Fibers ,Cell Movement ,Nitriles ,medicine ,Animals ,Axon ,Mitosis ,Myelin Sheath ,Cell growth ,General Neuroscience ,Rats, Inbred Strains ,Anatomy ,Articles ,Axons ,Cell biology ,Rats ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,nervous system ,Schwann Cells ,Cell Division - Abstract
This study examined Schwann cell behavior during paranodal demyelination induced by beta,beta'-iminodipropionitrile (IDPN). The stimuli for Schwann cell proliferation, extensively studied in vitro, are less well understood in vivo. Most in vivo systems previously used to examine Schwann cell proliferation in disease are dominated by loss of internodal myelin sheaths. As used in this study, IDPN administration produces neurofilamentous axonal swellings and paranodal demyelination, without segmental demyelination or fiber degeneration. We asked whether Schwann cells would proliferate following the restricted paranodal demyelination that accompanies the axonal swellings, and if so what the sources and distributions of new Schwann cells might be. IDPN was given as a single large dose (2 ml/kg) to 21-d- old rats. Neurofilamentous axonal swellings formed in the proximal regions of motor axons, reaching their greatest enlargement in the root exit zone 8 d after IDPN administration. These swellings subsequently migrated distally down the nerves at rates approaching 1 mm/d. The axonal enlargement was consistently associated with displacement of the myelin sheath attachment sites into internodal regions, and consequent paranodal demyelination. This stage was associated with perikaryal changes, including nucleolar enlargement, “girdling” of the perikaryon, and formation of attenuated stalks separating the perinuclear region from the external cytoplasmic collar. Schwann cells proliferated abundantly during this stage. Daughter Schwann cells migrated within the endoneurial space (outside the nerve fiber basal laminae) to overlie the demyelinated paranodes of swollen nerve fibers. In these regions, local proliferation of Schwann cells continued, resulting in large paranodal clusters of Schwann cells. As the axonal calibers subsequently returned to normal, the outermost myelin lamellae of the original internodes returned to their paranodal attachment sites and the supernumerary Schwann cells disappeared. Formation of short internodes, segmental demyelination, and nerve fiber loss were rare phenomena. These results indicate that paranodal demyelination is a sufficient stimulus to excite abundant Schwann cell proliferation; neither internodal demyelination nor myelin breakdown is a necessary stimulus for mitosis. The 3H-thymidine incorporation studies indicated that the sources of new Schwann cells included markedly increased division of the Schwann cells of unmyelinated fibers and, as they formed, supernumerary Schwann cells. In addition, there were rare examples of 3H-thymidine incorporation by Schwann cells associated with myelinated nerve fibers.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
- Published
- 1987
305. Neurofilament antigens in acrylamide neuropathy
- Author
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Bruce G. Gold, Paul N. Hoffman, Jeffrey Rosenfeld, Donald L. Price, Nancy H. Sternberger, Ludwig A. Sternberger, and John W. Griffin
- Subjects
Male ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Neurofilament ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Immunocytochemistry ,Intermediate Filaments ,Biology ,Epitope ,Pathology and Forensic Medicine ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,Slow axonal transport ,Ganglia, Spinal ,medicine ,Animals ,Axon ,Antigens ,Cytoskeleton ,Glomerulus (olfaction) ,Acrylamides ,Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ,Rats, Inbred Strains ,General Medicine ,Axons ,Rats ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,nervous system ,Neurology ,Chronic Disease ,Axoplasmic transport ,Neurology (clinical) ,Axotomy ,Nervous System Diseases - Abstract
After repeated exposure, acrylamide (AC) produces degeneration of distal axons. Because neurons whose axons have been injured (e.g. by axotomy) show alterations in their structural and chemical properties, the present study was designed to differentiate the direct effects of AC intoxication from neuronal responses secondary to axonal injury caused by AC. Rats were given AC as either a single high dose (75 mg/kg), or as daily intraperitoneal injections (30 mg/kg, six days per week for four weeks). Dorsal root ganglia of the fifth lumbar level, L5, were examined using a variety of monoclonal antibodies directed against nonphosphorylated (2–135) and phosphorylated (03-44, 06-17, 07-05) epitopes of 145 and 200 kilodalton neurofilament proteins. In control rats, antibody 2–135 stained axons and neuronal cell bodies; antibodies against phosphorylated epitopes of neurofilaments stained only axons distal to the glomerulus. Following chronic AC intoxication, all three antibodies directed against phosphorylated epitopes of neurofilaments (particularly 07–05) demonstrated intense immunoreactivity in 20–300% of neuronal cell bodies. In addition, the glomerular region of these axons was stained. Electron microscopy revealed many chromatolytic cells containing few neurofilaments. In contrast, a single high dose of AC produced no abnormal staining of neuronal cell bodies at a time when slow axonal transport was impaired. Our findings are compared to those observed following axotomy and to those occurring in aluminum-intoxicated rabbits, two experimental disorders in which altered distributions of phosphorylated filaments have been documented.
- Published
- 1988
306. Elements of provider risk under prepaid health plans
- Author
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B G, Gold and T B, Johnson
- Subjects
Risk ,Financial Management ,Fees and Charges ,Health Maintenance Organizations ,Capitation Fee ,Financial Management, Hospital ,United States - Published
- 1984
307. The pathophysiology of proximal neurofilamentous giant axonal swellings: implications for the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
- Author
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Bruce G. Gold
- Subjects
Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Neurofilament ,CATS ,Chemistry ,Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ,Intermediate Filaments ,Toxicology ,medicine.disease ,Axons ,Electrophysiology ,Hexanones ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,nervous system ,Slow axonal transport ,Nitriles ,Axoplasmic transport ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Sciatic nerve ,Axon ,Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ,Cytoskeleton - Abstract
Neurofilamentous giant axonal swellings are observed in a number of human disorders, although they can manifest at different locations (i.e. proximal or distal) along the axon. Recent advances in understanding the pathogenesis of these changes has resulted from correlations of ultrastructural changes with abnormalities in the axonal transport of neurofilament proteins in experimental models produced by toxic chemicals. Using single, high doses of either acrylamide or 2,5-hexanedione, a reduction in neurofilament transport has been shown in the rat sciatic nerve. In contrast to the distal axonal swellings observed upon repeated exposures to these agents, modest proximal axonal swellings containing increased neurofilament content are found following high dose exposures. Thus, regardless of the location of swelling production, a defect in slow transport appears to underlie swelling formation. beta,beta'-Iminodipropionitrile (IDPN) produces proximal neurofilamentous giant axonal swellings which are indistinguishable from those observed in some patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Although not a model for ALS, IDPN provides a means to study the functional consequences of proximal giant axonal swellings. Intracellular recordings from IDPN-intoxicated cats reveal a number of abnormalities which may have electrophysiological counterparts in ALS, suggesting that the swellings may be important in the expression of the disease. Although axonal degeneration is rarely observed in the cat, perikaryal recordings reveal a number of alterations which are strikingly similar to those obtained from chromatolytic motor neurons following nerve transection. A perturbation of "trophic" signals from the periphery may be involved in the generation of axotomy-like changes in IDPN-intoxicated cats.
- Published
- 1987
308. Mechanical failure causing current leakage with unipolar pacemakers: significance and detection
- Author
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D J, Sheridan, D S, Reid, D O, Williams, and R G, Gold
- Subjects
Pacemaker, Artificial ,Heart Block ,Cardiac Pacing, Artificial ,Humans ,Arrhythmias, Cardiac ,Middle Aged ,Electrodes ,Aged - Abstract
Pacemaker malfunction caused by mechanical failure at the site of electrode generator connection has been observed in 5 patients fitted with unipolar pacemakers. Intermittent failure to capture occurred in one patient. The fault was the same in each case and resulted from fracture of a plastic screw designed to hold an insulating cap in place over the electrode generator connection. Changes in impulse amplitude, relative pacing threshold, and distortion of the shape of the pacemaker impulse (overshoot of the leading and trailing limbs and prolongation of the plateau length) occurred in each case, and are helpful in making the diagnosis. In contrast no significant change occurred in the frontal plane axis of the pacemaker impulse. It is concluded that current leaks in unipolar pacemakers can be of sufficient magnitude to cause failure to capture. Early detection is important and is best achieved by examination of the pacemaker signal for amplitude and shape, and assessment of pacing threshold where possible.
- Published
- 1978
309. Cross talk between intraspinal elements during progression of IDPN neuropathy
- Author
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D A, Delio, B G, Gold, and H E, Lowndes
- Subjects
Motor Neurons ,Nitriles ,Cats ,Action Potentials ,Animals ,Nervous System Diseases ,Axons ,Electric Stimulation - Abstract
Unusual electrical interactions between neuronal elements of cat spinal cord were examined during the evolution (7-70 days) of proximal paranodally demyelinated axonal enlargements in alpha motor axons induced by beta, beta'-iminodipropionitrile (IDPN) treatment, 50 mg/kg ip, once weekly for up to 5 weeks. The electrical cross talk was observed as early as 7 days of the neuropathy, at which time it occurred in 17.0% of all motoneuron perikaryal recordings. The incidence was greater at 14 (39.1%) and 35 (26.1%) days, without preferential involvement of any motoneuron type. The frequency of recordings from axonal swellings increased from 7 to 35 days but without an increase in cross talk per recording. At 70 days of the neuropathy, L7 ventral root was stimulated repetitively to examine a possible influence of potassium on cross talk. Subsequently, action potentials could be elicited in motoneurons by stimulation of additional other ventral root filaments. These studies are in agreement with the lack of direct electrical apposition between excitable membranes in IDPN neuropathy but suggest support for a role for an accumulation of extracellular potassium, due to paranodal demyelination as the axon enlarges, in the pathogenesis of these aberrant electrical interactions.
- Published
- 1987
310. Prediction and explanation of child abuse: cross-validation of the child abuse potential inventory
- Author
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J S, Milner, R G, Gold, and R C, Wimberley
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Parents ,Personality Inventory ,Humans ,Female ,Child Abuse ,Child - Published
- 1986
311. Assessment of a program's effectiveness in selecting individuals 'at risk' for problems in parenting
- Author
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C, Ayoub, M M, Jacewitz, R G, Gold, and J S, Milner
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Risk ,Child Rearing ,Humans ,Female ,Child Abuse ,Child Behavior Disorders ,Parent-Child Relations ,Child ,Prognosis - Abstract
Administered the Child Abuse Potential (CAP) Inventory to 99 parents assessed as "At Risk" of parenting problems by the At Risk Parent-Child Program, Inc., Tulsa, Oklahoma. The study was designed to determine the number and extent of elevated abuse scores in an "At Risk" group compared to a norm group and to discover whether present "At Risk" parents were more seriously "At Risk" than past clients in the same program. During a 3-year period participants were offered the CAP-Inventory as part of the routine evaluation process. Results indicated the "At Risk" group scored significantly above a norm group, with 58% and 52% of the "At Risk" parents scoring above the 95th and 99th percentiles of the norm group, respectively. Comparison of the present results with data from a previous study in the same program (MilnerAyoub, 1980) showed that the present "At Risk" group earned a significantly higher mean abuse score and had significantly more individual scores above the 95th and 99th percentiles of the norm group than did previous "At Risk" parents. The data indicated the Program is currently more effective in the selection of parents in need of its services. However, because the clients are in greater need, other findings (Thomasson, Berkovitz, Minor, Cassle, McCord,Milner, 1981) suggest that the Program may now find itself having a more difficult time demonstrating program effectiveness because participants may be more resistant to treatment.
- Published
- 1983
312. Axonal degeneration and axonal caliber alterations following combined beta,beta'-iminodipropionitrile (IDPN) and acrylamide administration
- Author
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Bruce G. Gold and Margaretann M. Halleck
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Retrograde Degeneration ,Neurofilament ,Axonal Transport ,Microtubules ,Pathology and Forensic Medicine ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,Atrophy ,Internal medicine ,Nitriles ,Medicine ,Neurotoxin ,Animals ,Axon ,Acrylamide ,Acrylamides ,business.industry ,Neurotoxicity ,Rats, Inbred Strains ,General Medicine ,Anatomy ,medicine.disease ,Sciatic Nerve ,Axons ,Rats ,Tissue Degeneration ,Microscopy, Electron ,Endocrinology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,nervous system ,Neurology ,Nerve Degeneration ,Neurology (clinical) ,Sciatic nerve ,business - Abstract
A new model of neurofilamentous axonal abnormality is described which employs combined administration of beta,beta'-iminodipropionitrile (IDPN) and acrylamide (AC). The model was developed to test the hypothesis that IDPN-induced swelling increases the vulnerability of the distal axon to a second neurotoxic chemical insult. Rats were given a single intraperitoneal (IP) injection of IDPN (1.5 g/kg) one week before receiving a single injection of AC (75 mg/kg, IP). Axonal degeneration was observed at multiple levels along the sciatic nerve at two weeks (with reference to IDPN administration), and was not progressive up to five weeks. Quantitation of degenerating fibers demonstrated that the extent of degeneration increased distally along the sciatic nerve. Single administration of either IDPN or AC did not produce degeneration. Thus, IDPN-induced neurofilamentous swellings alter the susceptibility of the axon to AC neurotoxicity. Two variations of this model were also studied. First, rats given five daily injections of AC (30 mg/kg, IP) beginning one week following IDPN administration developed accumulations of fast axonally transported materials in IDPN-induced microtubule channels. Second, rats given chronic injections of AC (30 mg/kg, IP, five days/week, for four weeks), to reduce the delivery of neurofilaments to the proximal axon, developed less prominent axonal enlargements when challenged with IDPN. Thus, axonal atrophy can mask the development of neurofilamentous axonal swellings.
- Published
- 1989
313. Axotomy-like electrophysiological alterations in spinal motoneurons in beta,beta'-iminodipropionitrile neuropathy
- Author
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Bruce G. Gold, Denise A. Delio, and Herbert E. Lowndes
- Subjects
Pharmacology ,Motor Neurons ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Chemistry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Neurotoxicity ,Action Potentials ,Afterhyperpolarization ,Depolarization ,Anatomy ,Motor neuron ,Toxicology ,medicine.disease ,Axons ,Electrophysiology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Endocrinology ,Internal medicine ,Nitriles ,medicine ,Carnivora ,Cats ,Animals ,Evoked potential ,Axotomy - Abstract
Motoneurons (MNs) exhibit characteristic electrophysiological alterations following axotomy which are concomitants of perikaryal remodeling induced by the axonal injury. beta,beta'-Iminodipropionitrile (IDPN) neurotoxicity, which produces proximal axonal swellings in the first internodes of motor fibers, was studied as a model of perikaryal electrophysiological properties in axonal pathologies without axonal degeneration. Similarities between parameters of MN excitability (delayed depolarizations, repetitive discharge, and the afterhyperpolarization potential, AHP) known to occur in axotomized MN and those in IDPN neuropathy were examined in type-identified spinal MN of cats during the evolution (7 to 35 days) of proximal axonal swellings. Delayed depolarization potentials were observed frequently in fast MN types throughout the neuropathy but only at 35 days in slow MN types. Similarly, repetitive firing occurred most prominently in fast MNs early in the neuropathy. Concomitantly, AHP duration decreased as early as 7 days in all MN types and was significantly shortened in types FF, FR, and S motoneurons. AHP peak amplitude and current declined continuously from 7 to 35 days of the neuropathy and were significantly (p less than 0.05) decreased at 35 days in types FF and S MNs. These results suggest that not only are fast MN types vulnerable early in IDPN neuropathy, but also that all MN types exhibit electrophysiological changes strikingly similar to those following mechanical axotomy. The possibility is raised that IDPN may initiate electrophysiological changes, analogous to perikaryal remodeling, by mechanism(s) unrelated to axonal degeneration.
- Published
- 1989
314. Embryonic implantation in carcinoma of the endometrium
- Author
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D R, Pulitzer, P C, Collins, and R G, Gold
- Subjects
Adult ,Neoplasms, Multiple Primary ,Ovarian Neoplasms ,Pregnancy ,Uterine Neoplasms ,Humans ,Female ,Embryo Implantation ,Adenocarcinoma ,Pregnancy Complications, Neoplastic ,Pregnancy, Ectopic - Abstract
We recently encountered a patient in whom placental implantation occurred directly in carcinoma of the endometrium. At the time of surgery for a presumed tubal pregnancy, the 33-year-old patient was discovered to have bilateral ovarian tumors that were histologically identical to the endometrial neoplasm.
- Published
- 1985
315. Electrophysiological investigation of beta,beta'-iminodipropionitrile neuropathy: intracellular recordings in spinal cord
- Author
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Bruce G. Gold and Herbert E. Lowndes
- Subjects
Male ,Ephaptic coupling ,Action Potentials ,Stimulation ,Synaptic Transmission ,Nitriles ,medicine ,Animals ,Axon ,Molecular Biology ,Motor Neurons ,Chemistry ,General Neuroscience ,Afterhyperpolarization ,Anatomy ,Axons ,Electric Stimulation ,Antidromic ,Electrophysiology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Spinal Cord ,Chromatolysis ,Cats ,Female ,Neurology (clinical) ,Orthodromic ,Developmental Biology - Abstract
β, β′-Iminodipropionitrile (IDPN) was given to cats (50 mg/kg/week for 5 weeks) to induce giant axonal swellings in the proximal internodes of motor axons. Conventional intracellular recording techniques were used to investigate the influence of the axon swellings on axonal impulse conduction and generation of action potentials in unidentified lumbosacral motoneurons (MN). Action potentials recorded from axon swellings, verified by lack of orthodromically or antidromically elicited EPSPs or IPSPs, afterhyperpolarization potentials or initial segment-somaldendritic (IS-SD) inflections, were variable in shape. Some were indistinguishable from recordings in normal axons. Component or extra potentials occurred in 45% of recordings from axon swellings; their position on the action potential depended on the direction of impulse invasion into the swelling. Many action potentials were broad, with amplitudes less than 30 mV. Impulse conduction was estimated to be blocked in 19% of motor axons tested. Action potentials recorded in MN of IDPN treated cats resembled in many aspects those recorded in chromatolytic MN, with increased latencies upon antidromic stimulation and decreased IS conduction times and SD thresholds; other parameters did not differ significantly. The minimal interval between two stimuli which each evoked action potentials increased from3.3 ± 0.1to5.8 ± 0.5ms. IS-SD portions of the action potentials could not be fractionated in 49% of cells regardless of interpulse interval. Many MN failed to follow frequencies as low as 10 Hz. Delayed depolarizations were observed in 14% of MN recordings. Repetitive action potentials were elicited by single stimuli in 14% of MN and more frequently by orthodromic than antidromic stimulation. Action potentials could often be elicited in the same MN by stimulation of more than one ventral root filament. The incidence of this ephaptic transmission or crosstalk was estimated to be 12%. The findings are discussed in terms of the influence of proximal axon swellings on action potential generation in MN, propagation along non-homogeneous regions of axons and functional chromatolysis.
- Published
- 1984
316. Pacemaker assessment in the ambulant patient
- Author
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R S Jordan, R G Gold, and A Murray
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Pacemaker, Artificial ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,False Negative Reactions ,Cardiac pacemaker ,Surgery ,Electrocardiography ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Cardiology ,Humans ,False Positive Reactions ,False positive rate ,Detection rate ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Research Article ,Monitoring, Physiologic - Abstract
A new technique for assessing implanted cardiac pacemaker function in the ambulant patient has been introduced and assessed. A modified portable electrocardiograph recorder is used to store 24 hours of electrocardiograms along with marker pulses indicating the timing of pacemaker impulses. The recorder detects this narrow impulse and records a wider marker pulse on a second channel. The false positive detection rate was estimated from recordings, each of 24 hours, taken from 10 patients. All of these patients were ambulant and none had a cardiac pacemaker. There was on average less than one false positive per 24 hours. When similar recordings were taken from a group of 15 patients with pacemakers, the average false positive rate in 13 of these patients was also less than on per 24 hours. In the two other recordings artefacts resulted in false positive rates of 28 and 960 per 24 hours. Failure to detect pacemaker pulses was confirmed in only one patient. In addition to determining the accuracy of pacemaker pulse detection, the clinical usefulness of this technique was assessed. Two patients had fixed-rate pacemakers and 13 had demand pacemakers. Of the latter, two patients had a total of three episodes of failure to sense, one patient frequently failed to capture, and six patients had episodes of inappropriate inhibition of the pacemaker, the number of episodes ranging from one to 21 in 24 hours. Paced complexes were easily identified even when they occurred as fusion complexes. The frequency of paced complexes was quantified in each patient and varied from 21 to over 100 000 impulses in the 24 hour period.
- Published
- 1981
317. Electrophysiological investigation of IDPN neuropathy--initial studies
- Author
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H E, Lowndes, D A, Delio, and B G, Gold
- Subjects
Motor Neurons ,Reflex, Abnormal ,Reflex, Monosynaptic ,Nitriles ,Cats ,Neural Conduction ,Animals ,Neural Inhibition ,Nervous System Diseases ,Muscle Contraction - Abstract
beta,beta'-iminodipropionitrile (IDPN) causes giant axon swellings in proximal internodes of spinal motor axons and in stem processes of dorsal root ganglia neurons. The electrophysiological consequences of the swellings were investigated in cats given IDPN (50 mg/kg i.p.) weekly for 0 (control), 1 (7 days), 2 (14 days), or 5 (35 days) weeks; some additional animals were studied 15 (50 days) or 65 (100 days) days following the fifth injection. Extracellular recordings of the spinal monosynaptic reflex revealed amplitudes of efferent responses to be equally reduced at 35, 50 and 100 days. Single stimulation of dorsal roots, or soleus or medial gastrocnemius afferents often evoked doublet efferent responses which arose intraspinally. Similar repetitive responses were observed in dorsal root (afferent) input upon single stimulation of peripheral nerves. Latencies to monosynaptic responses became progressively prolonged over 100 days; spinal cord contribution to the increased latencies was maximal by 35 days. Conduction velocities in single soleus and medial gastrocnemius axons declined to 70 and 64% of normal by 50 days and to 56 and 50% of normal by 100 days respectively. Maximal recurrent inhibition was reduced 42-49% by 35 days and quantitatively similar at 50 and 100 days. Intracellular recordings from spinal motoneurons revealed that, at 35 days, action potentials could be elicited by orthodromic but not by antidromic stimulation in 14% of cells tested. This was taken as evidence of block of impulse conduction by the intervening axonal swelling upon antidromic stimulation. The possibility of abnormal electrical interactions between swollen and demyelinated intraparenchymal axons was tested by determining the number of ventral root fibers via which antidromic stimulation would elicit an action potential in the same motoneuron perikaryon. Electrical crosstalk, never seen in normal animals, varied in incidence during the evolution of the neuropathy (7-35 days), reaching a maximum of 30% at 14 days. Many motoneuron action potentials were remarkably similar to those observed in chromatolytic motoneurons, exhibiting, among other features, decreased SD thresholds and IS conduction times, reduced amplitudes and durations of afterhyperpolarization, delayed depolarizations and an enhanced propensity to fire repetitively upon single stimulation. There was no morphological evidence of chromatolysis in the motoneurons. The concept of "functional axotomy" is introduced to accommodate these findings and discussed in terms of altered dendritic excitability. Not all motoneuron types are equally compromised in the neuropathy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
- Published
- 1985
318. Post-viral pericarditis
- Author
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R. G. Gold
- Subjects
business.industry ,Virus Diseases ,Medicine ,Humans ,Pericarditis ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Virology ,Viral pericarditis - Published
- 1988
319. Relationship between microsomal membrane permeability and the inhibition of hepatic glucose-6-phosphatase by pyridoxal phosphate
- Author
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G, Gold and C C, Widnell
- Subjects
Male ,Kinetics ,Pyridoxal Phosphate ,Glucose-6-Phosphatase ,Microsomes, Liver ,Animals ,Biological Transport ,Borohydrides ,Models, Biological ,Edetic Acid ,Permeability ,Rats - Abstract
Arion et al; (Arion, W. J., Wallin, B. K., Lange A. J., and Ballas, L. M. (1975) Mol. Cell. Biochem. 6, 75-83) propsed a model for glucose-6-phosphatase in which the substrate was transported across the microsomal membrane by a carrier before hydrolysis on the cisternal side. Evidence to support this model has been obtained by studying the inhibition of the enzyme by pyridoxal-P. Pyridoxal-P was a linear noncompetitive inhibitor of glucose-6-phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.9) in freshly isolated ("intact") microsomes from rat liver. Pyridoxol-P was a much less effective inhibitor and no inhibition was observed with pyridoxamine-P. When microsomes were subjected to nitrogen cavitation, treatment with solium deoxycholate, or glutaraldehyde fixation, the Km of glucose-6-phosphatase for glucose-6 P decreased from approximately 6 mM to approximately 2.5 mM; the corresponding change in the Vmax ranged from-10% to +40%. The same procedures decreased the inhibition of glucose-6-phosphatase by pyridoxal-P several-fold. No inhibition by pyridoxal-P was observed in a preparation of glucose-6-phosphatase purified approximately 20 fold (on the basis of Vmax) from micoromes. A nondialyzable inhibitor was apparently formed when intact microsomes were reacted with pyridoxal-P and NaBH4; this inhibition was also reversed by procedures which changed the kinetic properties of glucose-6-phosphatase.
- Published
- 1976
320. Proceedings: Deterioration in ventricular function after mitral valve replacement
- Author
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R G, Gold
- Subjects
Adult ,Cardiac Catheterization ,Heart Diseases ,Heart Ventricles ,Angiocardiography ,Blood Pressure ,Middle Aged ,Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency ,Postoperative Complications ,Heart Valve Prosthesis ,Cineangiography ,Humans ,Mitral Valve ,Female - Published
- 1974
321. Child abuse potential and authoritarianism
- Author
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J, Robitaille, E, Jones, R G, Gold, K R, Robertson, and J S, Milner
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Personality Tests ,Risk ,Humans ,Female ,Child Abuse ,Authoritarianism - Abstract
This study examined the relationship between child abuse, as measured by the Child Abuse Potential (CAP) Inventory, and authoritarianism, as measured by the Public Opinion Scale (POS). The study also attempted to provide convergent and discriminant validity for the CAP abuse factors rigidity and loneliness by correlating these factors with the Edwards Personal Preference Schedule (EPPS) variables order and affiliation, respectively. Group One consisted of 150 undergraduate students. Group Two consisted of 34 adult students from a second site. For the subjects in both groups, a nonsignificant relationship (p greater than .05) between abuse scores and authoritarianism was found. In contrast, in both groups significant relationships (p less than .05) were found between the CAP abuse factor rigidity and authoritarianism. Additional analysis indicated a significant inverse relationship (p less than .05) between the EPPS variable affiliation for Group One, but not for Group Two (p greater than .05).
- Published
- 1985
322. Convergent validity of the Child Abuse Potential Inventory
- Author
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J S, Milner, J R, Charlesworth, R G, Gold, S R, Gold, and M R, Friesen
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Personality Inventory ,Psychometrics ,Risk Factors ,Humans ,Female ,Child Abuse ,Child - Abstract
The convergent validity of the Child Abuse Potential Inventory (CAP) was investigated (N = 254). Because the CAP was designed to measure elements of individual pathology and interactional problems related to physical child abuse, it was predicted that CAP scores would be related to a measure of psychological status, the Mental Health Index (MHI). Specifically, it was predicted that the CAP would be correlated positively with MHI measures of psychological distress and, to a lesser degree, correlated inversely with MHI measures of psychological well-being. Because the CAP measures variables predictive of abusive behavior, a substantial relationship was expected between the CAP and the MHI Loss of Behavioral/Emotional Control scale. All hypotheses were supported.
- Published
- 1988
323. Changes in size of motor axons in hereditary canine spinal muscular atrophy
- Author
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L C, Cork, R G, Struble, B G, Gold, C, DiCarlo, K E, Fahnestock, J W, Griffin, and D L, Price
- Subjects
Motor Neurons ,Muscular Atrophy, Spinal ,Dogs ,Phenotype ,Age Factors ,Animals ,Atrophy ,Axons ,Myelin Sheath - Abstract
Hereditary canine spinal muscular atrophy (HCSMA), a dominantly inherited disorder of motor neurons, has three phenotypes: accelerated, intermediate, and chronic. In the accelerated and intermediate phenotypes, axonal sizes in ventral roots were smaller than in controls. Reductions in axonal size occurred primarily in large axons, and the frequency of small-caliber axons was increased. In HCSMA, nerve fiber shape, i.e., circularity, was reduced, and the relative thickness of the myelin sheath as a function of axonal caliber was decreased. The density of fibers in motor nerves was increased, making it unlikely that a selective loss of large-caliber axons explained the increased frequency of small-caliber axons. These observations suggest that, in HCSMA, changes in axonal size in motor nerves are associated with both growth arrest and axonal atrophy.
- Published
- 1989
324. Progress in Cardiology
- Author
-
R G Gold
- Subjects
Medical education ,business.industry ,General Engineering ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Medicine ,General Medicine ,business ,Data science ,General Environmental Science ,Book Review - Published
- 1976
325. Survey of Palliative Care Concepts Among Medical Students and Interns in Austria: A Comparison of the Old and the New curriculum of the Medical University of Vienna
- Author
-
G. Pohl, C. Marosi, K. Dieckmann, G. Goldner, K. Elandt, M. Hassler, H. Ludwig, and H. Watzke
- Subjects
palliative care ,students ,interns ,new curriculum ,survey ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Background: To improve the level of awareness in palliative care concepts, the new curriculum at the University of Vienna includes sixteen hours of palliative care education.The old curriculum did not include palliative care education.Aim: To compare the level of awareness in palliative care concepts among 4th year students of the new curriculum of the Medical University of Vienna with interns who finished their studies in the old curriculum. Materials and methods: 440 medical students in their 4th year and 149 interns participated in a survey study. Data were collected after the survey and the responses were analyzed.Results: Data analysis consists of completed survey obtained from 83% and 67% of the students and interns. We observed that students reported higher theoretical knowledge of palliative care concepts as compared to interns, whereas interns were better in performing practical aspects of palliative care. A significant percentage of students and interns would like to learn more about palliative care in their curriculum, although this was more present among interns (72.7% students and 92.6% interns, p 0.0001, respectively).Conclusion: Although palliative care education is already included in a compulsory manner in the new curriculum of the Medical University of Vienna, almost two third of all students would support more implementation of palliative care issues throughout the curriculum. To further improve attitudes and skills towards patients at end of life, palliative care education should be augmented in the new curriculum.
- Published
- 2008
326. NEUROPATHOLOGY
- Author
-
L, ROIZLIN, G, GOLD, and W G, CASSELMAN
- Subjects
Epilepsy ,Movement Disorders ,Histocytochemistry ,Carbohydrates ,Brain ,Peripheral Nervous System Diseases ,Proteins ,Lipids ,Radiation Effects ,Cerebrovascular Disorders ,Metabolic Diseases ,Neurology ,Central Nervous System Diseases ,Nucleic Acids ,Mercury Poisoning ,Pathology ,Craniocerebral Trauma ,Encephalitis ,Humans ,Meningitis ,Nervous System Diseases ,Demyelinating Diseases - Published
- 1963
327. Fenfluramine overdosage
- Author
-
R G, Gold, H E, Gordon, R W, Da Costa, I B, Porteous, and K J, Kimber
- Subjects
Male ,Child, Preschool ,Poisoning ,Appetite Depressants ,Fenfluramine ,Phenethylamines ,Humans ,Infant ,Female ,Heart ,Autopsy ,Fluorine ,Child - Published
- 1969
328. Powder flow studies. II. Effect of glidants on flow rate and angle of repose
- Author
-
G, Gold, R N, Duvall, B T, Palermo, and J G, Slater
- Subjects
Silicon ,Aspirin ,Talc ,Calcium ,Lactose ,Magnesium ,Starch ,Powders - Published
- 1966
329. Pathology of vascular anomalies and pathology of Sturge-Weber-Dimitri syndrome
- Author
-
L, ROIZIN, G, GOLD, H H, BERMAN, and V I, BONAFEDE
- Subjects
Angiomatosis ,Sturge-Weber Syndrome ,Vascular Malformations ,Humans - Published
- 1957
330. Occupational therapy and physical therapy leading to rehabilitation
- Author
-
J G, GOLD
- Subjects
Occupational Therapy ,Rehabilitation ,Humans ,Physical Therapy Modalities ,Aged - Published
- 1952
331. CARDIAC DYSRHYTHMIAS. 2. VENTRICULAR DYSRHYTHMIAS
- Author
-
R G, GOLD
- Subjects
Electrocardiography ,Heart Block ,Cardiac Conduction System Disease ,Heart Conduction System ,Humans ,Arrhythmias, Cardiac ,Brugada Syndrome - Published
- 1965
332. CARDIAC DYSRHYTHMIAS
- Author
-
R G, GOLD
- Subjects
Electrocardiography ,Cardiac Conduction System Disease ,Heart Conduction System ,Humans ,Arrhythmias, Cardiac ,Brugada Syndrome - Published
- 1965
333. Neuropathology
- Author
-
L, ROIZIN and G, GOLD
- Subjects
Neurosciences ,Central Nervous System Depressants ,Humans ,Nervous System Diseases ,Nervous System - Published
- 1957
334. Neuropathology
- Author
-
M A, Kaufman, L, Roizin, and G, Gold
- Subjects
Male ,Aging ,Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental ,Adolescent ,Brain Edema ,Muscular Dystrophies ,Mice ,Metabolic Diseases ,Muscular Diseases ,Central Nervous System Diseases ,Intellectual Disability ,Animals ,Humans ,Neurons ,Brain Diseases ,Movement Disorders ,Cysticercosis ,Brain ,Infant ,Peripheral Nervous System Diseases ,Haplorhini ,Middle Aged ,Rats ,Radiation Effects ,Cerebrovascular Disorders ,Spinal Cord ,Blood-Brain Barrier ,Vincristine ,Encephalitis ,Dementia ,Female ,Rabbits ,Demyelinating Diseases - Published
- 1968
335. HOPPER FLOW ELECTROSTATICS OF TABLETING MATERIAL. I. INSTRUMENTATION AND ACETAMINOPHEN FORMULATIONS
- Author
-
G, GOLD and B T, PALERMO
- Subjects
Drug Industry ,Electricity ,Equipment and Supplies ,Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ,Research ,Static Electricity ,Acetaminophen ,Tablets - Published
- 1965
336. Neuropathology
- Author
-
M A, Kaufman, L, Roizin, and G, Gold
- Subjects
Central Nervous System ,Inflammation ,Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental ,Movement Disorders ,Infant ,Peripheral Nervous System Diseases ,Rats ,Cerebrovascular Disorders ,Mice ,Metabolic Diseases ,Muscular Diseases ,Neuritis ,Central Nervous System Diseases ,Brain Injuries ,Nerve Degeneration ,Animals ,Humans ,Dementia ,Nervous System Diseases ,Demyelinating Diseases - Published
- 1969
337. A foster grandchild program
- Author
-
R S, Mendelsohn and J G, Gold
- Subjects
Social Work ,Homes for the Aged ,Interpersonal Relations ,Illinois ,Voluntary Health Agencies - Published
- 1968
338. Postradiation pericarditis. Report on four more cases with special reference to bronchogenic carcinoma
- Author
-
R A, Lawson, W M, Ross, R G, Gold, A, Blesovsky, and W C, Barnsley
- Subjects
Postoperative Care ,Lung Neoplasms ,Radiotherapy ,Myocardial Infarction ,Middle Aged ,Pleural Effusion ,Electrocardiography ,Carcinoma, Bronchogenic ,Postoperative Complications ,Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ,Humans ,Pericarditis ,Female ,Pneumonectomy - Published
- 1972
339. Hopper flow electrostatics of tableting material. II. Tablet lubricants
- Author
-
G, Gold and B T, Palermo
- Subjects
Glycols ,Surface-Active Agents ,Talc ,Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ,Electrochemistry ,Stearic Acids ,Tablets - Published
- 1965
340. Neuropathology
- Author
-
M A, Kaufman, L, Roizin, and G, Gold
- Subjects
Central Nervous System ,Cerebrovascular Disorders ,Central Nervous System Diseases ,Brain Injuries ,Humans ,Dementia ,Demyelinating Diseases - Published
- 1970
341. Neuropathology
- Author
-
M A, Kaufman, L, Roizin, and G, Gold
- Subjects
Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental ,Movement Disorders ,Muscles ,Brain ,Peripheral Nervous System Diseases ,Haplorhini ,Neuromuscular Diseases ,Nervous System ,Congenital Abnormalities ,Rats ,Cerebrovascular Disorders ,Disease Models, Animal ,Microscopy, Electron ,Radiation Injuries, Experimental ,Muscular Diseases ,Virus Diseases ,Brain Injuries ,Animals ,Encephalitis ,Humans ,Abnormalities, Multiple ,Peripheral Nerves ,Nervous System Diseases ,Metabolism, Inborn Errors ,Demyelinating Diseases - Published
- 1971
342. Planning a patient monitoring installation
- Author
-
R G, Gold
- Subjects
Electrocardiography ,Intensive Care Units ,England ,Hospital Design and Construction ,Hospitals, General ,Equipment and Supplies, Hospital ,Monitoring, Physiologic - Published
- 1969
343. Neuropathology
- Author
-
L, Roizin, G, Gold, and M A, Kaufman
- Subjects
Brain Diseases ,Muscular Diseases ,Animals ,Encephalitis ,Humans - Published
- 1965
344. Neuropathology
- Author
-
M A, Kaufman, L, Roizin, and G, Gold
- Subjects
Inflammation ,Brain Diseases ,Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental ,Poisoning ,Brain ,Peripheral Nervous System Diseases ,Nervous System ,Cerebrovascular Disorders ,Metabolic Diseases ,Muscular Diseases ,Brain Injuries ,Animals ,Humans ,Dementia ,Nervous System Diseases ,Radiation Injuries ,Demyelinating Diseases - Published
- 1972
345. THE PATTERN OF TERMINAL INNERVATION IN HUMAN MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY
- Author
-
J W, STEPHENS and G, GOLD
- Subjects
Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena ,Neuromuscular Junction ,Pathology ,Humans ,Muscular Dystrophies - Published
- 1963
346. Powder flow studies. 3. Factors affecting the flow of lactose granules
- Author
-
G, Gold, R N, Duvall, B T, Palermo, and J G, Slater
- Subjects
Chemical Phenomena ,Chemistry, Physical ,Pharmaceutic Aids ,Technology, Pharmaceutical ,Lactose ,Powders - Published
- 1968
347. Acute non-specific pericarditis
- Author
-
R. G. Gold
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,General surgery ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Prognosis ,Surgery ,Diagnosis, Differential ,Pericarditis ,Non specific ,Acute Disease ,medicine ,Humans ,Female ,Differential diagnosis ,Acute idiopathic pericarditis ,business ,Acute benign pericarditis ,Research Article - Abstract
Incidence Acute non-specific pericarditis (acute benign pericarditis; acute idiopathic pericarditis) has been recognized for over 100 years (Christian, 1951). In 1942 Barnes & Burchell described fourteen cases of the condition and since then several series of cases have been published (Krook, 1954; Scherl, 1956; Swan, 1960; Martin, 1966; Logue & Wendkos, 1948). Until recently Swan's (1960) series of fourteen patients was the largest collection of cases in this country. In 1966 Martin was able to collect most of his nineteen cases within 1 year in a 550-bed hospital. The disease is thus by no means rare and warrants greater attention than has previously been aceorded it, despite its usually benign course.
- Published
- 1967
348. Powder flow studies. IV. Uniformity of flow: Instrumentation and applications
- Author
-
G, Gold, R N, Duvall, B T, Palermo, and J G, Slater
- Subjects
Calcium Phosphates ,Pharmacopoeias as Topic ,Aspirin ,Drug Compounding ,Methods ,Powders ,Tablets - Published
- 1968
349. Experimental potentiation of phenothiazine toxicology. I. Effect of livers disorders
- Author
-
L, Roizin, G, Gold, M A, Kaufman, R, Fieve, G, Alexander, Y, Ueno, J, Liu, S, Keoseian, and R, Gray
- Subjects
Phenothiazines ,Animals ,Humans ,Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury ,Rats - Published
- 1968
350. Volume flow across choroidal ependyma of the rabbit
- Author
-
G Gold, K Sadler, and K Welch
- Subjects
Chemistry ,Biological Transport, Active ,Rabbit (nuclear engineering) ,Anatomy ,Permeability ,Acetazolamide ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Blood ,Physiology (medical) ,Choroid Plexus ,medicine ,Animals ,Rabbits ,Ependyma ,Cerebrospinal Fluid - Published
- 1966
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