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The Abelson tyrosine kinase (Abl) lies at the heart of one of the small set of ubiquitous, conserved signal transduction pathways that do much of the work of development and physiology. Abl signaling is essential to epithelial integrity, motility of autonomous cells such as blood cells, and axon growth and guidance in the nervous system. However, though Abl was one of the first of these conserved signaling machines to be identified, it has been among the last to have its essential architecture elucidated. Here we will first discuss some of the challenges that long delayed the dissection of this pathway, and what they tell us about the special problems of investigating dynamic processes like motility. We will then describe our recent experiments that revealed the functional organization of the Abl pathway in Drosophila neurons. Finally, in the second part of the review we will introduce a different kind of complexity in the role of Abl in motility: the discovery of a previously unappreciated function in protein secretion and trafficking. We will provide evidence that the secretory function of Abl also contributes to its role in axon growth and guidance, and finally end with a discussion of the challenges that Abl pleiotropy provide for the investigator, but the opportunities that it provides for coordinating biological regulation.

Anesthetizing an intellectually disabled patient is a challenge due to lack of cognition and communication which makes perioperative evaluation difficult. The presence of associated medical problems and lack of cooperation further complicates the anesthetic technique. An online literature search was performed using keywords anesthesia, intellectually disabled, and mentally retarded and relevant articles were included for review. There is scarcity of literature dealing with intellectually disabled patients. The present review highlights the anesthetic challenges, their relevant evidence-based management, and the role of caretakers in the perioperative period. Proper understanding of the associated problems along with a considerate and unhurried approach are the essentials of anesthetic management of these patients.

Background: Although mechanical plaque removal is an effective method, powered toothbrushes are specially designed to benefit differently abled. Literature comparing plaque removal efficacy between manual and powered toothbrushes among differently abled is sparse. Study Design and Setting: A cross-over, randomized, double-blind study was conducted in differently abled institution. Materials and Methods: Twenty differently abled participants were randomly assigned to two groups of ten participants. Plaque removal efficacy of battery-operated powered toothbrush was compared with manual toothbrush in a single brushing on the 8th day. After a washout of 1 week, groups were switched. Assessment of plaque scores was done using Turesky's modification of Quigley-Hein plaque index. Statistical Analysis: Difference in plaque score between pre- and post-brushing in each group was compared using paired sample t-test. Results: In the pooled data analysis combining the results of Phase I and II, mean pre- and post-brushing plaque scores with manual toothbrush was 2.26 ± 0.4 and 1.93 ± 0.5, respectively, while with powered toothbrush, it was 2.21 ± 0.4 and 1.96 ± 0.4, respectively. However, difference in mean plaque reduction between manual and powered toothbrushes was not significant. Conclusion: Manual toothbrushes were equally effective compared to powered toothbrushes. Long-term studies precisely documenting cost-effectiveness and participant perception in the ease of use are recommended to validate our results.

Проблема социализации инвалидов в общественно полезную жизнь является одной из самых актуальных в нашем обществе. Наши мировоззрения, убеждения и неправильные представления создают существенный барьер для людей с ограничениями. Изменения в восприятии могут развить осведомленность в вопросе инвалидности, улучшить взаимодействие и создать условия для осознанной коммуникации между инвалидами и неинвалидами. Несмотря на то, что общение – самый действенный способ для передачи личного опыта инвалида, средства массовой информации могут стать эффективным средством для достижения более полного понимания, а также постепенного изменения общественного сознания. Язык отражает окружающий нас мир и создает способы нашего представления и познания этого мира. Одним из аспектов изучения инвалидности является изучение слов, которые мы используем для обозначения человека с ограниченными возможностями, а также способов языковых репрезентаций людей и представлений о них. История, теория, социальная защита, политика и культура оказывают влияние на способы выражения и репрезентации инвалидности. Появление новых парадигм инвалидности, движение за права инвалидов, теория инвалидности и другие изменения в культуре привлекают внимание к приемам репрезентации инвалидности. Представлен когнитивно-дискурсивный, контекстуальный анализ терминов инвалидности на материале интернет-изданий статей научно-популярных журналов и газет России и США: АиФ, Российская газета, Московский комсомолец, лента.ру; New York Times, National Geographic, Time, People, Scientific American, Fortune.

The ongoing coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected everyone, but the impact is relatively higher among people who are vulnerable, such as disabled, refugee, migrants, elderly, and suffering from preexisting illness. The disabled people are more at the risk of acquisition of infection owing to the limited access to the public health messaging and the fact that if they are subjected to physical distancing, they will find it extremely difficult to survive as they depend on their caregivers for their routine activities. In these difficult times, it is of utmost importance that disabled persons should minimize the probability of exposure to COVID-19, and for this to happen, the government, disability service providers, caregivers, and the local community have to play an important role. In conclusion, the COVID-19 pandemic has started to threaten and increase the disparities of care and services for the disabled individuals. It is the need of the hour to ensure that COVID-19-related services are offered to disabled people in a dignified manner without jeopardizing their human rights.

Pahlawan streets and Pemuda streets has recently experienced significant improvements in improving the quality of public space in particular pedestrian ways. Significant improvements were addressed by the government of Semarang that all segments of society could use it more comfortable and safe, but in reality both pedestrian ways in the two corridors is still rarely seen used by people with disabilities. Referring to the problems it is the thought that research is needed to evaluate the use of pedestrian ways on Pahlawan streets and Pemuda streets for people with disabilities. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of pedestrian ways for people with disabilities as well as obtain the factors that cause minimal numbers people with disabilities who access the pedestrian ways. Research targets are to be achieved by identifying the feasibility s tudy of literature and the public perception of disability. The research method uses deductive research methods with qualitative descriptive analysis techniques. This technique is done by commenting on the feasibility of the elements contained in the pedestrian ways based on the literature and the public perception of disability. Based on a literature review that refers to problems in the field of research obtained variables which are divided into two focus the observation were variables pedestrian ways and variables public perception disabilities. For people with disabilities who selected were the physically disabled, visually impaired, hearing impaiired and ederly with perception measurement include comfort, convenience, safety, achievement, usability, sensitivity and independence. Based on the results of the analysis it is known that both the pedestrian ways on Pahlawan streets and Pemuda streets can not be said to be feasible for handicapped due to the lack of quality of both the pedestrian ways. It is also known that there are external and internal factors that dominate cause the minimum number of people with disabilities ranging from pedestrian ways conditions, their own motivation or desire, age and availability of transportation. Under these conditions, the improvements in both the pedestrian ways is necessary to improve the quality of its use for people with disabilities.

The research is about the ‘struggle’ to name persons with disabilities in Indonesia. As in other countries that find naming as an important tool in the fight for equality, Indonesia witnessed various naming influenced by the way people see disability and persons with disability. The research is aimed at understanding which naming that is more popular in terms of its usage and how a term is used. The data are gathered from the online use of three words: penyandang cacat, difabel, dan penyandang disabilitas. It seeks to see the poplarity of the words in three different levels: their trends, popular use in the online news media, and their academic use in the journals and books. The method to gather and analyze the data is mostly helped by Google search engine and its rich features. The researh concluded that there has been a dynamic use of the words across the level. ‘Difabel’ is the most popular word in trend; ‘Penyandang Disabilitas’ shared the popularity with ‘Difabel’ among news media; and surprisingly ‘Penyandang Cacat’ is still the most used term among scholars. [Penelitian ini difokuskan untuk meneliti ‘perebutan makna’ dan penggunaan berbagai istilah terkait dengan difabel. Penelitian bertujuan melihat istilah mana yang paling banyak digunakan dan bagaimana istilah-istilah itu digunakan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan data-data daring (online) terkait dengan tiga istilah kunci dalam wacana disabilitas di Indonesia: penyandang cacat, difabel, dan penyandang disabilitas. Penelitian dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan data-data online dan menganalisisinya dalam tiga aspek: tren penggunaan istilah; popularitas di dunia berita daring; dan penggunaan di dunia akademik. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada dinamika menarik dalam penggunaan ketiga istilah itu di ketiga wilayah pencarian. Istilah ‘difabel’, meskipun tidak diakui sebagai istilah resmi undang-undang, adalah istilah yang paling populer di tren. Sementara istilah ‘penyandang disabilitas’ mencatatkan skor popularitas yang sedikit lebih tinggi dari ‘difabel’ dalam penggunaan di media daring. Sementara istilah ‘penyandang cacat’ justru masih sangat populer dalam penggunaan akademik.]

Although it is a new city, the economic growth of Batu City quite rapidly, especially in the tourism sector. The variety of tourism potential bring tourism sector of Batu City become competitive in provincial even national level. However, along the friction of tour base, there are indication relate of tourist saturation in Batu City. It was shown from decrease in number of tourists in the year 2009-2012 with an average of 13% annually. In addition, the rapid development of tourism in Batu City suspected caused some negative impact on the environment. Therefore, efforts to build the tourism sector in Batu City forward has been duly implementing the concept of sustainable tourism, which one of them is by diversification of tourism products. Diversification of tourism products divided into two, namely destinations and attractions. To diversify destinations Batu City is directed to build the tourist market in corridor Diponegoro and Gajah Mada street around Alun-alun Batu City. Meanwhile, the diversification of tourism products for the natural attractions is directed into the development of alternative tourism with travel packages. In artificial attractions, besides the addition of themed rides, managers can diversify tourist attraction by adding a cultural event such as dances at certain hours. Besides that, diversification of tourism products can be done with the addition and improvement of tourism facilities as well as increased accessibility. It can be directed by a central parking and tour transportation as well as the construction of new access by railway from Abdurrahman Saleh Airport to Batu City passing through Malang City.

The United States’ entry into the First World War prompted progressives to reform veterans’ entitlements in the hopes of creating a system insulated from corruption and capable of rehabilitating disabled veterans into productive members of society. The replacement of pensions with medical care for wounded and disabled soldiers through the Reconstruction Hospital System was originally intended as a temporary measure but resulted in establishing the foundations of the modern veterans’ health care system. Yet, these reforms would not have been possible without the support from the community of war veterans to which these reforms applied. By examining the communal values expressed in publications produced by and for soldiers, this paper explores the ways in which the Great War’s veteran community expressed agency in the process of reforming the US veteran entitlements.

Background: The study on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of disabled patients is rare but critical for welfare of patients. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of fixed implants in edentulous areas on OHRQoL in Korean disabled patients., Methods: The OHRQoL of 63 disabled individuals was evaluated using the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP)-14 questionnaires and studied by potential affecting variables such as age, sex, disability severity, and time of disability acquisition. Wilcoxon-signed rank tests were used to examine the OHIP-14 scores for those who had pre/post-fixed implants. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to examine the relationships between factors and OHIP-14 scores before and after implants. A partial correlation analysis was also performed to determine which variables influenced OHIP-14 scores before and after treatment. The Mann-Whitney test was employed for sex and time of disability acquisition analysis (α = 0.05)., Results: Significant improvement was found in OHIP-14 post-implant treatment scores (P < .001). After implant treatment, the severity of disability produced significantly different results (P = .009). Pearson's correlation coefficient between severity of disability and pre/post-implant OHIP-14 scores was 0.265 (P = .030). After controlling for severity of disability, the results showed older patients had lower OHIP-14 scores (P = .032). No differences were found for sex or time of disability acquisition (congenital vs. acquired)., Conclusions: Fixed implant treatment improved OHRQoL for disabled patients, and the severity of disability was positively correlated with improvement of OHRQoL. For patients with a similar level of disability, the OHRQoL decreased with age., (© 2023. The Author(s).)

Over the past two decades, there has been a growing shift away from the Social Model of Disability (SMD) in both theory and practice. This article aims to substantiate the relevance of SMD by addressing the main arguments against it and by identifying why and for whom it is still relevant. In the introductory section, we focus on the recent production of multiple disability models in order to contextualize their emergence and elucidate the reasons behind their proliferation. In the main section of the article, we critically engage with three lines of criticism against SMD in order to explain why it remains relevant and for whom. Our main point is that, in the context of the neoliberal capitalist era, the SMD is indispensable for all disabled persons who have been denied their dignity, both in material and cultural terms., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Adam and Koutsoklenis.)

Background: Adolescents with disabilities experience alarmingly higher rates of depression and isolation than peers without disabilities. There is a need to identify interventions that can improve mental health and isolation among this underserved population. Innovations in virtual reality (VR) gaming "standalone" headsets allow greater access to immersive high-quality digital experiences, due to their relatively low cost., Objective: This study had three purposes, which were to (1) examine the preliminary effects of a low-cost, home-based VR multiplayer recreation and socialization on depression, socialization, and loneliness; (2) quantify the acceptability of the program as measured by participant adherence, total play time, and exercise time; and (3) identify and describe behavioral mechanisms that affected participant engagement., Methods: This was a single-group, pre- to postdesign trial. The intervention was conducted at home. Participants were recruited from a children's hospital. The intervention lasted 4 weeks and included 2×1-hour sessions per week of supervised peer-to-peer gaming. Participants used the Meta Quest 2 headset to meet peers and 2 coaches in a private party held digitally. Aim 1 was evaluated with the Children's Depression Inventory 2 Short Form and the University of California, Los Angeles Loneliness Scale 20 items, which are measures of social isolation and loneliness, respectively. Aim 2 was evaluated through the following metrics: participant adherence, the types of games played, friendship building and playtime, and program satisfaction and enjoyment., Results: In total, 12 people enrolled (mean age 16.6, SD 1.8 years; male: n=9 and female: n=3), and 8 people completed the program. Mean attendance for the 8 participants was 77% (49 sessions of 64 total possible sessions; mean 6, SD 2 sessions). A trend was observed for improved Children's Depression Inventory 2 Short Form scores (mean preintervention score 7.25, SD 4.2; mean postintervention score 5.38, SD 4.1; P=.06; effect size=0.45, 95% CI -0.15 to 3.9), but this was not statistically significant; no difference was observed for University of California, Los Angeles Loneliness Scale 20 items scores. Most participants (7/8, 88%) stated that they became friends with a peer in class; 50% (4/8) reported that they played with other people. Participants reported high levels of enjoyment and satisfaction with how the program was implemented. Qualitative analysis resulted in 4 qualitative themes that explained behavioral mechanisms that determined engagement in the program., Conclusions: The study findings demonstrated that a brief VR group program could be valuable for potentially improving mental health among adolescents with physical disabilities. Participants built friendships with peers and other players on the web, using low-cost consumer equipment that provided easy access and strong scale-up potential. Study findings identified factors that can be addressed to enhance the program within a larger clinical trial., Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05259462; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05259462., International Registered Report Identifier (irrid): RR2-10.2196/42651., (©Byron Lai, Raven Young, Mary Craig, Kelli Chaviano, Erin Swanson-Kimani, Cynthia Wozow, Drew Davis, James H Rimmer. Originally published in JMIR Formative Research (https://formative.jmir.org), 06.12.2023.)

The aim of this article is to gain an understanding of the relations between the design of bathrooms and the use of the toilet with privacy when residents are unsteady, visually impaired and/or have dementia. The background is that earlier studies and own experiences in Norway indicate that the way bathrooms are designed is crucial for users to be as independent as possible when using the toilet. This article does not include studies on the access to toilets and washbasins for residents who are able to stand on their own. Neither have we studied the use of diapers. The scientific approach includes historical analyses of the rise of privacy when toileting and analyses of bathroom design practices in 20 Norwegian nursing homes. Our investigations show that the expectation that individuals should rid themselves of urine and faces in locked, private rooms arose in connection with the industrialization, democratization and hygienic modernization of Western countries. Analyses of contemporary nursing homes show that many institutions do not have design to facilitate privacy: there are no adjustable toilets, no crutch or walking stick holders, no flushing mechanisms within reach from a sitting position, no toilets that are visible from the residents' bed, poor contrasts; the toilet paper, soap dispensers and paper towels are out of reach from a sitting position; there are few handles, few adjustable sinks and more than 70 cm between the toilet and the sink. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relevance of this study is due to the instability in the society, increasing tension in the youth environment, which is in constant change, and increase in the influx of students requiring social support. In this regard, this article is aimed at identifying and revealing the problems of social adaptation of students who are least fit into the social system: students-orphans, disabled and foreign students, nonresidents. The leading approach to the study of this problem is a combination of theoretical methods (analysis and synthesis, generalization and systematization) and empirical methods (research and generalization of pedagogical experience) allowing a complex consideration of the problem of students' social adaptation. The usage of theoretical methods made it possible to describe theoretical approaches in sociological, psychological and pedagogical studies of the social adaptation phenomenon, which is characterized as a person's activity in relation to the social environment and individual's adaptation to the conditions of stay in that society or in the social group that he or she belongs to. The article contains the results of empirical research on the problems of social adaptation of the most socially vulnerable students entering large Russian university educational complexes. The obtained data allows us identifying the main adaptive tasks for students, draw conclusions and develop recommendations for creating social adaptation programs for students. The materials of the article are of practical value for scientists and specialists at the departments of university complexes involved in the social adaptation of students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Disability is a social and concrete case that is directly interested in most families in our country as it is fact all of the world. The most important thing about disability is to have efforts to resolve or decrease the problems of the disabled people who has met in their lives and to have efforts for them to cling to their lives. This implies also that the people should take responsibility for the disabled people and they should concern with the disabled people to take responsibility for them. In this article, spiritual care of disabled people is investigated on the basis of the Prophet's hadiths. In this context it is taken attention about the spiritual cares that have place between social obligation and express holistic services which is human-centered to improve spirituality of disabled people and to make them at peace with their inwardness and to increase their clings to their lives. It is put forth the importance of consolation, advices, hopes, morales for the disabled people besides approaching them with love and care in providing their spiritual needs. It is also taken attention about the importance to help the disabled people in all respects and to avoid from the behaviours disturbing them and to have cooperation with them about keeping supports in the context of social responsibility and to be aware of responsibility about patience, endurance, thanks giving, testing and expectation of God's reward. Also in the study in the context of the prophet's approaching to the disabled people and his views on the disability fact, it is put forth the meaning of the resolutions that are reached for society and individual. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Procesos Historicos is the property of Universidad de Los Andes (Venezuela) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: The purpose of the present study was to resolve whether caregiving for a child with disability influences the physical and mental health of the caregivers and whether stress is related to the quality of life of the caregivers.Methods: The Parental Stress Scale questionnaire for the assessment of parental stress and the Short Form-12 version 2 questionnaire for the assessment of physical and mental health quality of life were distributed among 69 parents of developmentally disabled children and 137 parents of healthy children (control group). Various sociodemographic factors were also included.Results: A significant difference was seen between the two groups in terms of employment, presence of disabled sibling, smoking, and physical activity. Parents of developmentally disabled children had significantly higher stress levels and worse mental health-related quality of life. Overall physical health quality of life was similar between cases and controls. Stress had a negative correlation with both mental and physical health quality of life of the parents.Conclusion: Stress related to raising a child with disability negatively influences the parental quality of life. Stress management aiming at its prevention and reduction might be significant aspects of intervention for the improvement of the quality of life of the caregivers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Social Security / SGD-Sosyal Güvenlik Dergisi is the property of Journal of Social Security / SGD-Sosyal Güvenlik Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Jurídica de Castilla y León is the property of Junta de Castilla y Leon, Direccion de Servicios Juridicos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objectives: To determine the frequency of depression among the caregivers of disabled wounded persons. To find the association between socio demographic factors and depression among the primary care givers of disabled wounded persons. Study Design: Descriptive cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted in Armed Forces Institute of Rehabilitation (AFIRM), Combined Military Hospital (CMH), Pak Emirates Military Hospital (PEMH), Armed Forces Institute of Mental Health (AFIMH), Armed Forces Institute of Ophthalmology (AFIO) Pakistan, from Mar to Sep 2018. Material and Methods: Sample size of 220 primary care givers was taken by using WHO sample calculator. Primary care givers who were the relatives (parents, wife, children, siblings) mentally fit between ages 16-74 years were included in the study. Hamilton rating scale for depression and General Health Questionnaire-12 were applied. This study is ethically approved by ethical institutional review board of AFPGMI and AFIRM. Results: By using Hamilton rating scale for depression less than 20% had moderate depression less than half (40%) of the primary care givers had mild depression, quarter (30%) had no depression. Majority of the female primary caregivers (69%) were suffering from severe depression while only quarter (30%) of male primary caregivers were suffering from severe depression (p=0.001). Conclusion: The study will help to provide an insight into the burden of the mental health issues like depression in order to formulate integrated, promotional and preventive interventions and services for the primary care givers of disable persons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Social Policy Studies / Sosyal Politika Çalismalari Dergisi is the property of Journal of Social Policy Studies / Sosyal Politika Calismalari Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Nasleđe is the property of University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Philology & Arts and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article provides an overview of the complicated history of social work practice with parents with disabilities, and then presents contemporary social work practice innovations in this area. First, the article describes several widespread international historical practices of which social workers participated that had harmful effects on parents with disabilities - forced sterilization or forced birth control of adults with disabilities and removal of children from the family based on parental disability. While these activities are less prevalent today, a lingering impact of these practices is that there are few supports or services available for parents with disabilities, and nearly no models for social work practice with this population. The article then presents several contemporary innovations in social work practice for working with parents with disabilities that draw on social work mandates of protecting the rights and safety of parents with disabilities and their family, and promotes their inclusion and well-being. In particular, this article presents the concept of parental supports from a social work perspective that draws on both disability and social work theory. It ends with highlighting an innovative intervention for working with parents with disabilities that social workers can incorporate into their practice that draws on these conceptual developments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Knowledge: International Journal is the property of Institute for Knowledge Management and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Taiwanese population of disabled and elderly has grown considerably in recent years. The government has accordingly actively improved public transportation services to meet the growing demands of the elderly and the disabled. However, there is very limited knowledge on the essential service attributes that the disabled/elderly expect and desire. The purposes of this study are to investigate the services desired by the disabled/elderly and to classify the service attributes of rehab buses. The investigator created the questionnaire to collect the subjective assessment from the voluntary respondents in northern Taiwan. The questionnaire has two parts, the socioeconomic information of the respondents and their assessment of service requirement. There were 149 valid samples collected. This study adopted Kano two-dimensional quality model to investigate the users' needs on twenty service attributes of rehab buses. The results indicated that 1) ease of reserving a ride, 2) compliance with safety regulation, 3) punctual pickup, 4) attentiveness and promptness of bus driverswere the most desired attributes. The least desired attribute was ridesharing arrangement, which, however, did not affect the satisfaction of the disabled/elderly respondent's with the service. It implies that the disabled/ elderly did not resist sharing a ride with others. Ridesharing appears to be an effective measure to alleviate the problem of current supply of rehab buses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research is described that determines the direction that a powered wheelchair will take, using the preference ranking organization method for enrichment of evaluations II (PROMETHEE II). This is the first time that this sort of decision making has been used in this type of application. A user suggests a desired direction and speed, and the decision-making system suggests a safe direction for a wheelchair. The two are mixed, and the wheelchair then tends to avoid obstacles. The inputs come from a powered wheelchair joystick and two ultrasonic transducers fixed onto the wheelchair, and the final direction is a simulation of the desired direction and a direction that moves the wheelchair away from obstacles. The arrangement assists a disabled driver to steer their wheelchairs. It uses a systematic decision-making process, and this paper presents the process and a new way of selecting a best compromise direction. Sensitivity analysis is employed to explore potentially suitable directions as uncertainty and risk may be present. A suitable direction is selected that provides a robust solution. The user would be able to override the suggestions by the PROMETHEE II system by holding the joystick in a position. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Disability profession education for the disabled plays a vital role for their broad participation in society in the future. The United States pays highly attention to develop disabled people’s human resource and personal potential.They have integrated guarantee policies for the compensatory education, the vocational education of the disabled, and they also have perfect legislation and policy guarantees for the faculty construction and the school-industry cooperation.The approaches of the United States may provide a strong referential significance for China to strengthen the teachers’ training, to improve the pertinence, timeliness and operability of the laws related to special education by focusing on the issue of school-enterprise cooperation, which may further help China to construct an all-inclusive and sound vocational education system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study aims to investigate the death anxiety and state-trait anxiety levels of mothers of disabled children and compare them with mothers of non-disabled children. Data obtained from this study will contribute to the planning of services provided to families of children with disabilities. Method: The sample group consisted of 80 mothers of disabled children attending rehabilitation and special education centers in the province of Gaziantep and 78 mothers of non-disabled children, 158 mothers in total. The study used a convenience sampling method. A sociodemographic information form, Abdel-Khalek's Arabic Scale of Death Anxiety (ASDA), and the State- Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) were used as assessment tools. Results: The results of this study indicate that mothers of disabled children have statistically significantly higher scores on the ASDA subscale of "fear related to other situations reminding death" than mothers of non-disabled children. Similarly, mothers of disabled children have significantly higher state and trait anxiety levels. Conclusion: Mothers of disabled children have higher death anxiety and state-trait anxiety levels than mothers of non-disabled children. These results suggest that having a disabled child increases mothers' psychological burden. We may assume that psychological support provided for mothers with disabled children will improve the quality of care they give to their children and consequently increase the quality of life of children and family. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyzes the emergence of the identity among Chilean's disabled from the war of the Pacific. It studies the promulgation and the application of the Law of Military Compensations of 1881, that gave pensions to incapacitated soldiers by establishing a typology of disability. It speculates that, that legislation first influenced the formation of identities among disabled veterans, and after among uninjured veterans through the founding of mutual societies. The accumulation of shared historical experiences articulated a common political praxis that permitted the inclusion of veterans in the political and bureaucratic stage, giving form to a reclamation movement during the period of 1901-1905. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When dealing with the theme of public policies from the perspective of people with disabilities, it appears that the theme is still very lacking in studies. This article aims to identify existing research on the national scene and analyze the focus of such research with regard to public policies for people with disabilities. The methodology used is based on a systematic review; the data were collected in the database of the Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences platform (LILACS), the selected articles were published between the years 2008 and 2016. It is understood the need to expand and deepen research related to public policy for people with disabilities as it better qualifies the debate about a group discriminated against by society, which in the current situation has been increasingly susceptible to discrimination and disrespected in their rights. The systematization of the information undertaken here, in addition to showing the scenario of studies focused on public policy, may allow for new epistemological approaches and political strategies for action to improve the process around public policy cycles.. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article reaffirms the value and flexibility of the nominal group technique (NGT) when conducting qualitative focus groups (QFGs). In the project that will be discussed, the methods used expanded the application of the NGT into the realm of pan-disability (i.e., individuals with differing impairments) research. It provides requirements and recommendations for the full inclusion and participation of disabled people into projects where the pertinent source of qualitative data is obtained from QFGs. Furthermore, this article describes innovative additional steps to the NGT that are beneficial to researchers. This includes a method of evaluating the data that is often lost between the NGTs' stages of initial and final rankings. These new methods ensure pertinent data are not overlooked. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of the Faculty of Theology / Kilis 7 Aralik Universitesi Ilahiyat Fakultesi Dergisi is the property of Kilis 7 Aralik Universitesi Ilahiyat Fakultesi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cumhuriyet Ilahiyat Dergisi / Cumhuriyet Theology Journal is the property of Cumhuriyet Universitesi, Ilahiyat Fakultesi / Cumhuriyet University, Faculty of Theology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Online Journal of Art & Design is the property of Online Journal of Art & Design and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this study is to find out the academic problems and challenging issues i.e. ratio of disabled and non-disabled student in inclusive educationsystem/school, type (nature) of enrolled disabled student, age of disabled student at school enrolment's time, academic achievement of disabled student, facilities for disabled children in school andattendance ratio in school among disabled student (now divyang) in inclusive education set-up. Thirtyone disabled and thirty one normal (non-disabled) students were selected from eight rural government secondary/senior secondary schools of Udaipur district of Rajasthan which run under inclusive education system. Both disabled and non-disabled students were studied. They were enrolled in class 8th to 12thstd. and age range from 14 to 18 years. Purposive sampling method was a criterion of samples' selection. Results showed that disabled personnel were weak in their own academic achievement. They enrolledin later age at school level than normal student. Disabled student participation ratio was lesser (0-3% disabled children in total enrolled student) but their absence ratio (averagely 10-12presence days out of working days of 1 month) was higherthan non-disabled children in their school. Majority of disabled were found either physically challenged (n= 29) or dead and dumb (n= 2). Blind and any other such specific disabled student were not found in these schools. No special teacher and professional rehabilitation worker found in these schools. Sometimes, block coordinator providesrehabilitation program through special education or any such activities. Foundation course and in-service program for disability education is not good in Rajasthan and few teachers (almost 10percent) were trained through this program. ICT and facilities for disabled children in school were found negligible in the schools of rural area. All students (included disabled personnel) were getting the free education under different government schemes but, their progress rate and academic record was unsatisfactory. Overall, disabled student were psychologically and academically week due to Lack of special educator/teacher, rehabilitation workerand psychologist. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Driven by the shortage in qualified nurses and the high percentage of aging populations, the past decade has witnessed a significant growth in the use of robots in nursing, especially in countries like Japan. This article is a scoping review of the different tracks in which robots are used in nursing. Whereas assistive robots are used for physical care, including service and monitoring tasks, social assistive robots focus on the cognitive and emotional well‐being of patients in need of companionship. Methods: A total of six electronic databases were used in the search for journal papers and conference proceedings. The key words used in searching the databases were nursing OR nurses, AND robots OR robotics. Topics covering surgical robotics, nursing education robotics, and clinical procedures were excluded. Findings: A total of 1,758 articles were retrieved, from which 69 articles were included in the final review. The analysis of the chosen papers led to the categorization of robots into two main categories: assistive robots and social assistive robots. Conclusions: After a detailed review of the state of the art in assistive robots and social assistive robots, an insight into the future of robotics in this field is provided. The recommendations include the need to intensify research on human robot interaction, greater focus on monitoring robots, and analysis of the psychological barriers that need to be surmounted to achieve more tolerance and higher acceptance of robots. Clinical Relevance: For researchers and developers to provide suitable technological solutions, a full understanding of robotics in nursing is needed. An overview of the most recent applications and their proper categorization is key to finding areas for contribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

‘Transport-related Social inclusion’ is a specific naming of the complex set of interrelationships within which accessibility plays an important role in whether a citizen achieves the level of participation in socioeconomic life that he or she seeks. It has its origins in the United Kingdom of the early 2000s, but the diversity of theoretical perspectives, research methods and practical focus shown by the contributions to the present issue on this theme bears witness to the evolution and translation this concept and term has undergone over more than a decade. Nine papers are presented, concerning applications of the concept in three continents, and including some of the poorest and richest per capita income countries on the globe. As well as developing and applying the multi-faceted theories of the processes of exclusion and techniques for the quantitative identification of inclusion, they consider important topics such as the treatment of the less abled and more frail members of society when on the move and the potential for new technological design methods and practical solutions either to enhance inclusion or deepen inequality in our societies. Collectively their conclusions reinforce the message that social exclusion remains multi-dimensional, relational and dynamic, located both in the circumstances of the excluded individual as well as in the processes, institutions and structures that permeate wider society.

Being disabled is a situation stemming from physical, mental or psychological functional or structural differences, which makes it difficult for the individual to participate in professional life. According to the 2011 data of the Statistical Institution of Turkey, 12.29% of the population of Turkey consists of the disabled individuals. This study has been conducted to determine the attitudes and behaviors of the Medical Faculty students of Inonu University towards the disabled individuals. The study is a cross-sectional study, and has been conducted with the Medical Faculty students of Inonu University in 2015 February-March. The minimum sampling size formula has been calculated for the 1298 Medical Faculty students of Inonu University in the study period. 658 people participated to the study. Data collection has been performed with the questionnaire technique under interview, and the questionnaire consisted of two sections. In the first section, the questions were about the socio-demographic characteristics of the participants. In the second section, the Attitude Scale for the Disabled, which was developed by Dokmen Z. in 2000, was used. In the analysis of the data, the t Test and the One-Way Variance Analysis has been used for the independent variables. The mean age of the participants was 21.94±2.28. 53.9%of the students weremale, and 46.1% were female. 31.5% of the students stated that they had a disabled individual in their families or vicinity, 3.7% of them stated that they were disabled. The average point of the students who had disabled individuals around them was 66.66±19.84, the average point of the group which did not have was 68.90±19.61 (p>0.05). The average point of the group who were disabled was 70.14±19.00, and the average point of the group who were not was 68.18±19.74 (p>0.05). According to our study, the Medical Faculty students had positive attitudes towards the disabled individuals. Young age, female gender, elementary family and plenty of siblings were the reasons for positive attitude. Social activities are needed to be added to the curricula of the Medical Faculty students who are in close interaction with every layer of the society to ensure that their attitudes become more positive towards the disabled. [Med-Science 2016; 5(2.000): 351-62]