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Transparent oxide semiconductors exhibit great potential as fundamental building blocks for electronic applications. However, the lack of high‐performance p‐type oxide materials limits their potential applications for transparent electronics. Ternary p‐type perovskite NdAlO3 thin films are prepared by spin coating and annealed at various temperatures. It is demonstrated that neodymium vacancies (VNd) is generated in NdAlO3 thin film, and the presence of VNd results in high hole mobility. The thin‐film transistors (TFTs) based on NdAlO3 thin film are integrated and exhibit typical p‐channel transistor behavior. The TFT based on NdAlO3 thin film annealed at 700 °C exhibits an optimized electrical performance, including a field‐effect mobility (µFE) of 0.19 cm2V−1s−1 and an on/off current ratio (Ion/Ioff) of ≈105. When high‐k Al2O3 dielectric is integrated into the TFTs, the µFE and Ion/Ioff are further improved to 9.93 cm2V−1s−1 and ≈106, respectively. The fabrication of a p–n junction based on p‐NdAlO3/n‐In2O3 heterojunction further confirms the excellent p‐type performance of the perovskite NdAlO3 thin films. This work not only demonstrates the possibility of p‐type perovskite NdAlO3 thin films applicable for transparent electronics, but also provides guidelines for the design of novel p‐type oxide semiconductors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Post-traumatic Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is a rarely described potentially life-threatening cause of weakness. We sought to elucidate the clinical features and electrophysiological patterns of post-traumatic GBS as an aid to diagnosis.Methods: We retrospectively studied six patients diagnosed with post-traumatic GBS between 2014 and 2016 at Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, China. Clinical features, serum analysis, lumbar puncture results, electrophysiological examinations, and prognosis were assessed.Results: All six patients had different degrees of muscular atrophy at nadir and in two, respiratory muscles were involved. Five also had damaged cranial nerves and four of these had serum antibodies against gangliosides. The most common electrophysiological findings were relatively normal distal latency, prominent reduction of compound muscle action potential amplitude, and absence of F-waves, which are consistent with an axonal form of GBS.Conclusions: It is often overlooked that GBS can be triggered by non-infectious factors such as trauma and its short-term prognosis is poor. Therefore, it is important to analyze the clinical and electrophysiological features of GBS after trauma. Here we have shown that electrophysiological evaluations are helpful for diagnosing post-traumatic GBS. Early diagnosis may support appropriate treatment to help prevent morbidity and improve prognosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present study, for the first time, N,N′-di-carboxymethyl perylene diimides (PDI) have been employed to functionalize Fe3O4 nanoparticles via a facile route. The as-prepared PDI–Fe3O4 nanocomposites have been developed as a novel enzyme mimetic and have demonstrated superior peroxidase-like activity to catalyze the oxidation of the peroxidase substrate 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) in the presence of H2O2 than that of pure Fe3O4 nanoparticles as well as other reported Fe-based peroxidase mimics. In addition, kinetic analysis has revealed that the catalytic reaction was in agreement with the typical Michaelis–Menten kinetics, and the PDI–Fe3O4 nanocomposites displayed a higher affinity towards substrates such as H2O2 and TMB. Moreover, fluorescence data have indicated that the catalytic behavior can be assessed by the electron transfer ability between H2O2 and TMB. Based on the advantages of PDI–Fe3O4 nanocomposites, such as better dispersity, easy separation, enhanced catalytic activity, sensitivity and selectivity for colorimetric detection of glucose, a colorimetric sensor was designed and used for the rapid detection of H2O2 and glucose in a short time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new complex with the formula [Ce(SO4)(H2ebidc)1/2(H2O)5]n(1) has been synthesized through the self-assembly of Ce(SO4)2withN-Heterocyclic carboxylic acid 2,2′-(ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(1H-imidazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid) (H6ebidc). Single-crystal X-ray diffraction determination shows that complex 1 possesses an infinite 2-D grid network structure in which both the tetradentate H2ebidc4–group and SO2–4anion coordinate to Ce(IV) ions in bridging mode. The adjacent layers are connected through the hydrogen bonds resulting in a three-dimensional packing structure in the solid state. In addition, the luminescent property has been investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new paper-based colorimetric immunosensor for the detection of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was developed based on the intrinsic peroxidase activity of ZnFe2O4–multiwalled carbon nanotubes (ZnFe2O4@MWNTs). The immunosensor platform was prepared by depositing chitosan and porous gold onto filter paper and entrapping the primary antibodies (Ab1) onto the layers. Secondary antibodies (Ab2) were assembled on the surface of the functionalized ZnFe2O4@MWNTs. The immunosensor response was quantified as a color change resulting from ZnFe2O4@MWNTs catalyzing the oxidation of 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine in the presence of H2O2. The catalytic performance of ZnFe2O4@MWNTs was higher than ZnFe2O4 due to the high electrical conductance of MWNTs, moreover, the electron communications between ZnFe2O4@MWNTs and substrates are electrically “wired”. Detection was achieved by measuring the color change when the concentrations of CEA were different. The color change can be quantified with the naked eye but a digitalized picture can also be used to provide more sensitive comparison to a calibrated color scheme. This method was simple for CEA detection with a linear range from 0.005 to 30 ng mL−1 and a detection limit of 2.6 pg mL−1. Such an equipment-free immunoassay has great potential in resource-limited environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, biomimetic high‐sensitivity tactile sensors increasingly become a research focus. Specifically, hydrogel tactile sensors based on ionic‐electronic mechanisms gain widespread attention due to their excellent pressure sensitivity. However, due to the saturation deformation of sensitive elements, these sensors struggle to accurately measure pressure under high‐pressure conditions. Additionally, as hydrogels cause signal drift under constant pressure and ionic‐electronic mechanisms are susceptible to temperature interference, these characteristics limit their application. Inspired by the jellyfish's “mesoglea” and “ectoderm” structures, a novel tactile sensor is developed that combines the ionic‐electronic mechanism with a filling structure. This sensor integrates the hydrogel with a flexible framework to create a jellyfish‐like umbrella structure. This design achieves extremely high pressure sensitivity and improves signal drift. By utilizing the different response characteristics of the capacitance and resistance values of a single sensing element to pressure and temperature changes, it enables simultaneous measurement of temperature and pressure, thereby enhancing its potential for application in wearable electronics and robotics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Assess the efficacy and safety profiles of different sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) as an add-on to metformin in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients., Design: Bayesian network meta-analysis., Data Sources: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched before 18 December 2024., Eligibility Criteria: Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating T2DM patients taking one of 12 SGLT2is as add-on therapy to metformin. Efficacy outcomes focused on glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) reduction, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) reduction and weight loss (WL). Safety outcomes included adverse events (AEs), serious AEs (SAEs), hypoglycaemia, urinary tract infections (UTI) and genital infections (GI)., Data Extraction and Synthesis: Two investigators independently extracted data. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool (V.2.0) for RCTs., Results: 23 RCTs involving 9144 patients and 11 SGLT2is were included. Compared with placebo, most SGLT2is reduced HbA1c (mean difference (MD), -0.45~-0.80%), FPG (MD, -0.78~-2.02 mmol/L) and body weight (MD, -0.88~-2.67 kg). Only 10 mg of henagliflozin increased the incidence of AEs, and none of the included interventions increased the risks of SAEs or UTIs. 50 mg of empagliflozin exhibited higher risks of hypoglycaemia. Only 10 mg of empagliflozin increased the risk of GI. According to the surface under the cumulative ranking values, SGLT2is with optimal efficacy and safety were 15 mg of ertugliflozin in HbA1c reduction, 300 mg of canagliflozin in FPG reduction, WL and hypoglycaemia, 400 mg of sotagliflozin in total AEs, 10 mg of ertugliflozin and 150 mg of ipragliflozin in SAEs, 12.5 mg of ipragliflozin in UTI and 1 mg of ertugliflozin in GI., Conclusions: As add-on therapy, SGLT2is demonstrated favourable antidiabetic efficacy and acceptable safety. 300 mg of canagliflozin was the best option among the included interventions considering favourable glucose control and WL. Some novel SGLT2is (eg, henagliflozin) exhibited promising efficacy and safety profiles, but more research is needed to validate the findings., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2025. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ Group.)

Osteoporosis, a prevalent disease characterized by low bone density and increased fracture risk, poses significant health challenges for the elderly. Current treatments offer short-term benefits but are limited by long-term efficacy and adverse effects, highlighting the need for new strategies. Chondroitin sulfate polysaccharides (CS), a major component of the bone matrix, are crucial for bone and cartilage health. However, their role in osteoporosis is understudied due to the heterogeneity of natural CS. we found reduced CS levels in osteoporosis patients and developed CS4-NP, a self-assembled tetrasaccharide nanoparticle that mimics CS's structure. CS4-NP, which efficiently delivers the active CS4, significantly improves bone mass in ovariectomized osteoporosis models. It activates the Activating Transcription Factor 4-Cystathionine gamma-Lyase signaling axis in pre-osteoblasts, enhancing osteogenesis. our findings suggest that CS4-NP, an oligosaccharide-based nanomaterial, could address the limitations of current treatments and provide a viable strategy for osteoporosis., (© 2024 The Author(s). Advanced Healthcare Materials published by Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia ( S. maltophilia , SMA) is a common opportunistic pathogen that poses a serious threat to the food industry and human health. Traditional detection methods for SMA are time-consuming, have low detection rates, require complex and expensive equipment and professional technical personnel for operation, and are unsuitable for on-site detection. Therefore, establishing an efficient on-site detection method has great significance in formulating appropriate treatment strategies and ensuring food safety. In the present study, a rapid one-pot detection method was established for SMA using a combination of Recombinase Polymerase Amplification (RPA) and CRISPR/Cas12a, referred to as ORCas12a-SMA (one-pot RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a platform). In the ORCas12a-SMA detection method, all components were added into a single tube simultaneously to achieve one-pot detection and address the problems of nucleic acid cross-contamination and reduced sensitivity caused by frequent cap opening during stepwise detection. The ORCas12a-SMA method could detect at least 3 × 10° copies·μL -1 of SMA genomic DNA within 30 min at 37 °C. Additionally, this method exhibited sensitivity compared to the typical two-step RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a method. Overall, the ORCas12a-SMA detection offered the advantages of rapidity, simplicity, high sensitivity and specificity, and decreased need for complex large-scale instrumentation. This assay is the first application of the one-pot platform based on the combination of RPA and CRISPR/Cas12a in SMA detection and is highly suitable for point-of-care testing. It helps reduce losses in the food industry and provides assistance in formulating timely and appropriate antimicrobial treatment plans.

Aims/introduction: An overrepresentation of epilepsy has been suggested in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D). This meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate if type 1 diabetes is associated with a higher incidence of epilepsy., Materials and Methods: Longitudinal observational studies which are relevant to the purpose of the meta-analysis were screened and obtained by searching PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases. Random-effects models were used when significant heterogeneity was observed; otherwise, fixed-effects models were used., Results: Six observational studies involving 10 datasets of 8,001,899 participants were included, with six datasets including children and only one dataset including older people. Among them, 100,414 (1.25%) had type 1 diabetes. During the follow-up duration of 5.4-15.2 years (mean: 9.5 years), 98,644 cases (1.23%) of epilepsy were observed. Compared with participants with normoglycemia, those with type 1 diabetes were shown to have a higher incidence of epilepsy (risk ratio [RR]: 2.41, 95% confidence interval 1.69-3.44, P < 0.001; I 2  = 95%) after adjustment of potential confounding variables including age and sex. Subgroup analysis showed consistent results in nested case-control and retrospective cohort studies, and in studies of children, non-elderly adult, and older participants (P for subgroup difference = 0.42 and 0.07). In addition, a stronger association of type 1 diabetes and epilepsy was suggested in studies with follow-up duration <10 years compared with those ≥10 years (RR: 3.34 vs 1.61, P for subgroup difference < 0.001)., Conclusion: Patients with type 1 diabetes may have a higher risk of epilepsy, which was mainly driven by datasets including children., (© 2023 The Authors. Journal of Diabetes Investigation published by Asian Association for the Study of Diabetes (AASD) and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.)

Objective: This study investigates the impact of evidence-based care on glucose levels and pregnancy outcomes in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus., Methods: We employed a prospective cohort study design. We selected 120 patients with gestational diabetes admitted to our institution from May 2019 to May 2021. Using a computerized blind selection method, we divided these patients into two groups, each consisting of 60 patients. The control group received conventional care, while the observation group underwent evidence-based care in addition to conventional care. We compared changes in various glucose-related indices, pregnancy outcomes, and patient satisfaction before and after implementing evidence-based care in both groups., Results: Before care, no statistically significant differences were observed in fasting C-peptide levels, HOMA-IR, and HbA1c between the two groups (P > .05). However, after care, the observation group exhibited significantly lower levels of HOMA-IR and HbA1c compared to the control group, with significantly higher fasting C-peptide levels (P < .05). Furthermore, the observation group experienced a lower incidence of various adverse pregnancy outcomes for both mothers and infants when compared to the control group. Patient satisfaction with care was notably higher in the observation group (88.33%) compared to the control group (55.0%), and this difference was statistically significant (P < .05)., Conclusions: Evidence-based nursing interventions can effectively enhance daily care for patients with gestational diabetes. These interventions lead to improved blood glucose control, increased patient compliance, reduced incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes, and ensured the safety of pregnant women and newborns. These outcomes are achieved through disseminating knowledge, structured dietary and exercise plans, and psychological guidance.

Maternal antibody IgG, the main antibody in colostrum, plays an important role in neonates protection. Commensal microbiota is closely related to host antibody repertoire. However, there are few reports on how maternal gut microbiota affects maternal antibody IgG transfer. In the present study, we investigated the effects of altering the gut microbiota (treated with antibiotics during pregnancy) on maternal IgG transportation and offspring absorption and explored its underlying mechanisms. Results showed that antibiotic treatment during pregnancy significantly decreased maternal cecal microbial richness (Chao1 and Obesrved species) and diversity (Shannon and Simpson). Plasma metabolome enriched significant changes in the process of bile acid secretion pathway, and the concentration of deoxycholic acid, a secondary metabolite of microorganisms was lowered. Flow cytometry analysis indicated that antibiotic treatment promoted the number of B cells and abated the number of T, DC and M1 cells in intestinal lamina propria of dams. Surprisingly, the serum IgG level in antibiotic treated dams was significantly increased, while IgG contents in colostrum was decreased. Moreover, pregnancy antibiotic treatment in dams was reduced the expression of FcRn, TLR4 and TLR2 in breast of dams and in duodenum and jejunum of neonates. Furthermore, TLR4 -/- and TLR2 -/- knock-out mice showed a lower FcRn expression in breast of dams and in duodenum and jejunum of neonates. These findings suggest that maternal intestine bacteria may affect the maternal IgG transfer through regulating the breast TLR4 and TLR2 of dams., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Ding, Yao, Zhang, He and Song.)

Aim: To study the relationship of visceral adiposity index (VAI) and prediabetes and the power of which in predicting of prediabetes., Methods: A cross-sectional epidemiological survey was conducted. All participants were divided into four groups: VAI and WC (both are normal), VAI↑ and WC (postcritical VAI and normal WC), VAI and WC↑ (Normal VAI and postcritical WC), and VAI↑ and WC↑ (postcritical VAI and postcritical WC). A multivariate logistic analysis was used to analyze the relationship between the four groups and prediabetes, and diabetes. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to evaluate the accuracy of predictions for prediabetes and diabetes., Results: Both VAI and WC were independent risk factors of Prediabetes. The ORs for Prediabetes in the VAI↑&WC group were 1.641 (95%CI 1.146-2.349), P=0.007, in males, in Model 2. The ORs for Prediabetes in the VAI&WC↑ group were 1.454 (95%CI 1.055-2.005), P=0.022, in males, in Model 2. The ORs for Prediabetes in the VAI↑&WC group were 2.305 (95%CI 1.623-3.273), P=0.000, in females, in Model 2. The ORs for Prediabetes in the VAI&WC↑ group were 1.997 (95%CI 1.529-2.608), P=0.000, in females, in Model 2. The AUC value of VAI were 0.601 (95%CI 0.568-0.634), P=0.000, in prediabetes of men; which were 0.645 (95%CI 0.618-0.672), P=0.000, in prediabetes women. WC had the highest AUC value of 0.605 (95%CI 0.571-0.638), P=0.000, in prediabetes of men, also had the highest of AUC value of 0.673 (95%CI 0.648-0.697), P=0.000, in prediabetes of women., Conclusion: VAI was positively associated with prediabetes, and also a usefulindicator of prediabetes., Competing Interests: No conflict of interest has been declared by the authors., (© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.)