Search

Background: As hypothermic circulatory arrest (HCA) is being more frequently induced in patients undergoing aortic arch surgery, its safety at different degrees has become a crucial area of study. The aim of this study was to assess the surgical outcomes of mild hypothermic circulatory arrest (MI-HCA) during aortic arch surgery. Methods: Acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) patients who underwent total arch replacement (TAR) and frozen elephant trunk (FET) surgery between January 2014 and December 2023 were enrolled in this study. The patients were divided into two groups according to the minimum nasopharyngeal temperature: the moderate hypothermic circulatory arrest (MHCA) group (20–28 °C) and the MI-HCA group (> 28 °C). The inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) was used to balance differences in the baseline characteristics. Perioperative variables were analysed via pairwise comparisons, multivariable logistic regression, and subgroup forest plots to assess the impact of MI-HCA on surgical outcomes. Results: A total of 447 patients were included in this study, and the mean minimum nasopharyngeal temperature was 24.80 (23.98, 27.30) °C in the MHCA group and 30.10 (29.80, 30.70) °C in the MI-HCA group. The incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in the MI-HCA group was lower than that in the MHCA group (52% vs. 78%, p < 0.01). In the multivariable logistic regression analysis, MI-HCA was identified as an independent protective factor for AKI (OR = 0.354, 95% CI 0.177–0.689; p = 0.003). Additionally, compared with MHCA, MI-HCA was not associated with an increased incidence of stroke, spinal cord injury, or in-hospital mortality. After IPTW, the preoperative and intraoperative data of the patients were balanced, and the incidence of AKI in the MI-HCA group was still lower than that in the MHCA group (83.26% vs. 53.61%, p = 0.004). The subgroup forest plot also demonstrated that MI-HCA was a protective factor for postoperative AKI. Conclusions: The surgical outcomes of MI-HCA in ATAAD patients were satisfactory. Compared with MHCA, MI-HCA provided sufficient protection for distal organs, the brain, and the spinal cord, with a significantly lower incidence of AKI. These results indicate that MI-HCA could be a better approach for ATAAD surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Effective recycling and utilization of waste glass is a critical issue that urgently needs to be addressed. This study aims to explore the feasibility of using ground waste glass powder (particle size ≤ 75 μm) as a supplementary cementitious material to partially replace cement in the preparation of low-carbon and environmentally friendly grouting materials. The research systematically evaluates the impact of waste glass powder (WGP) on the fresh properties (particularly the stability and rheological characteristics) of cement-based grouting materials under various conditions, including WGP content (0–40%), the addition of NaOH activator (Na2O content of 4%) or not, and water–solid ratio (w/s = 0.5, 0.65, 0.8, 1.0). The results indicate that, in the absence of activator, the addition of WGP generally increases the amount of free liquid exudation in the grout, reducing its stability; however, under low w/s ratios, appropriate amounts of WGP can enhance stability. When the w/s ratio is high and the WGP content is large, the grout stability decreases significantly. The addition of NaOH activator (Na2O content of 4%) significantly reduces free liquid exudation, enhancing the stability of the grout, especially when the w/s ratio is less than 1.0. Furthermore, the Herschel–Bulkley Model was experimentally validated to accurately describe the rheological behavior of waste glass–cement slurries, with all R2 values exceeding 0.99. WGP and alkaline activator have significant effects on the rheological properties of the grout. Although they do not change its flow pattern, they significantly affect shear stress and viscosity. The viscosity of the slurry is influenced by the combined effects of w/s ratio, WGP content, and alkaline activator, with complex interactions among the three. The application of these research findings in the field of grouting engineering not only contributes to significantly reducing glass waste but also promotes the production of sustainable cement-based composites, lowering carbon dioxide emissions by reducing cement usage, and thereby alleviating environmental burdens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highly filled polymer fibers offer huge promise for radiation protection safety and wear comfort of personal protective equipment (PPE) in radiation environments. However, it usually sacrifices mechanical properties that directly related to practical usability. Here, as high as 75 wt% PbWO4 (PWO) particles have been filled in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fiber via tailoring their size and shape for enhanced γ‐rays shielding and good mechanical properties. Clearly shown that 0 dimensional (0‐D) PWO exhibits better dispersion and compatibility between the interfaces than 1‐D PWO in highly filled PVA fibers. In addition, 70 wt% 0‐D PWO/PVA fibers display better mechanical properties than 70 wt% 1‐D PWO/PVA fibers. Note that 75 wt% 0‐D PWO/PVA fibers show 1.02 cN/dtex of tensile strength. However, 75 wt% 1‐D PWO/PVA fibers fail to be fabricated smoothly. Importantly, the overlapped fabrics with 75 wt% 0‐D PWO/PVA fibers display 43.05% of γ‐ray shielding (105 keV) meanwhile it offers good air and water vapor permeability for wear comfort. The superior γ‐ray shielding ascribes the polymer fibers with the higher filling in comparison with its counterpart, which provides a practical means to design radiation protection safety and wear comfort of articles. Highlights: This work breaks the upper limit of filling in polymer fibersFiller structure can weigh the integrated properties of polymer fibers.0‐D PWO particles promote interfacial compatibility in highly filled fibers.Radiation protection safety and wear comfort of articles tend to be designed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: High sodium intake has been linked to various health outcomes; however, its association with constipation remains unclear, particularly in adult males. This population-based study aimed to investigate the association between daily sodium intake and constipation using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005–2010. Methods: Using data from the NHANES database spanning from 2005 to 2010, a cross-sectional study including 7116 adult male participants from the United States was performed to assess the relationship between daily sodium intake and constipation. Multivariable logistic regression models were used, adjusting for various potential confounders, to evaluate this association. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) methods were applied to explore potential nonlinear trends in the association, and subgroup analyses were conducted through forest plots to examine interactions among different subgroups (P for interaction). Results: The study found that an increase in daily sodium intake was significantly associated with a reduced risk of constipation. Trend analysis indicated a statistically significant trend across all models, where increased daily sodium intake was associated with lower constipation risk, with (OR: 0.78, 95% CI: 0.71 ~ 0.85; P < 0.001) in Model 1; (OR: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.73 ~ 0.87; P < 0.001) in Model 2; and (OR: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.69 ~ 0.97; P = 0.023) in Model 3 (P for trend < 0.05 in all models). On the contrary, RCS analysis did not reveal a nonlinear association between daily sodium intake and constipation risk (P = 0.528). Subgroup analysis further supported a consistent negative association between daily sodium intake and constipation risk across different subgroups, with no significant interactions found (all P values > 0.05). Conclusions: This study demonstrates a negative association between daily sodium intake and constipation risk among adult males, suggesting that sodium intake might influence intestinal function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Global warming has profound effects on precipitation patterns, leading to more frequent and extreme precipitation events over the world. These changes pose significant challenges to the sustainable development of socio-economic and ecological environments. This study evaluated the performance of the new generation of the mesoscale Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model in simulating long-term extreme precipitation events over the Minjiang River Basin (MRB) of China from 1981 to 2020. We calculated 12 extreme precipitation indices from the WRF simulations and compared them with observations. The spatio-temporal variations of extreme precipitation were further analyzed in terms of intensity, frequency, and duration. The results indicated that the WRF model can appropriately reproduce the spatial distribution of extreme precipitation indices with acceptable biases. The performance is significantly better for intensity and frequency indices compared to duration indices. Except for PRCPTOT and R10mm, WRF accurately captures the interannual variations of extreme precipitation. Meanwhile, the results of the pre-whitening Mann-Kendall (PWMK) test suggested that WRF can identify significant increasing trends in extreme precipitation, particularly for R95p, R99p, and R50mm. This study provides valuable insights for extreme precipitation forecasting and warning in other mountainous regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent degenerative joint disease that causes disability and diminishes quality of life. The pathogenesis of OA remains poorly understood, creating an urgent need for biomarkers to aid research, diagnosis, and treatment. Methods: This study integrated transcriptome data from the GEO database with bioinformatics analyses to identify biomarkers associated with OA. The bioinformatics methods utilized include the Limma package, WGCNA, PPI network analysis, and machine learning algorithms. Genetic variants were used as instrumental variables to evaluate the potential causal impact of circulating white blood cell (WBC) counts on OA. Data sources encompassed the largest genome-wide analysis for OA and a comprehensive GWAS summary for circulating WBC counts. Four mendelian randomization (MR) methods were employed to investigate the genetic association, with a primary focus on findings from the inverse variance-weighted (IVW) method. Results: Total of 233 OA-related genes were identified, showing significant enrichment in pathways associated with WBC function. Key biomarkers, including CD4, CSF1R, and TYROBP, were upregulated in OA samples and exhibited strong diagnostic potential. MR analysis findings provided evidence of a genetic association between elevated neutrophil counts and a reduced risk of OA across sites (IVW: OR = 0.97, 95% CI 0.93–1.00, p = 0.047). Additionally, higher circulating WBC counts, particularly neutrophil counts, were associated with a suggestive decrease in hip OA (WBC IVW: OR = 0.94, 95% CI 0.89–0.99, p = 0.015; neutrophil IVW: OR = 0.93, 95% CI 0.88–0.99, p = 0.017). Conversely, reverse MR analysis found no evidence to support a genetic effect of OA on circulating WBC counts. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that elevated neutrophil counts may offer protective effects against OA, underscoring the interplay between the immune functions and OA pathogenesis. CD4, CSF1R, and TYROBP emerge as promising OA biomarkers, meriting further validation in prospective studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for rectal cancer improves surgical outcomes and reduces recurrence but can cause low anterior resection syndrome (LARS), affecting quality of life. This study aims to predict the risk of LARS in male patients with mid-low rectal cancer after laparoscopic total mesorectal excision (TME). Methods: Clinical data from 203 male patients with mid-low rectal cancer who underwent neoadjuvant therapy and laparoscopic resection were collected. Patients were divided into training (n=143) and validation (n=60) cohorts. LARS risk factors were identified using logistic regression, and a predictive model was constructed and validated using ROC curve, Hosmer-Lemeshow test, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA). Results: LARS occurred in 53.6% of the patients in this study. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that BMI ≥ 25 kg/m², tumor distance from the anal margin < 5 cm, radiotherapy, and anastomotic leakage were independent risk factors for postoperative LARS in patients (P < 0.05). The areas under the ROC curves for the training cohort and validation cohort were 0.866 (95% CI: 0.807-0.925) and 0.724 (95% CI: 0.595-0.853), respectively, with both groups showing good goodness-of-fit test results (P > 0.05). The DCA curve indicated that the model had a high clinical utility. Conclusions: BMI ≥ 25 kg/m², tumor distance from the anal margin < 5 cm, radiotherapy, and anastomotic leakage are independent risk factors for the occurrence of LARS after neoadjuvant therapy combined with laparoscopic TME in male patients with mid-low rectal cancer. These factors should be emphasized in clinical practice, and corresponding preventive measures should be promptly implemented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: Fructus Aurantii (FA) is rich in flavonoids, which can effectively promote digestion and improve intestinal health, possessing a strong potential to serve as an alternative to antibiotics. In this experiment, the addition of Fructus Aurantii extract increased the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria in feces, stimulated the secretion of gastrointestinal hormones, improved digestion ability and growth performance. This study investigated the effects of Fructus Aurantii extract (FAE) on growth performance, nutrient apparent digestibility, serum parameters, fecal microbial composition, and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in finishing pigs. In total, 75 Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire pigs (equally divided by sex), with an initial body weight of 79.49 ± 4.27 kg, were randomly assigned to three treatment groups. The pigs were fed either a basic diet (CON) or a basal diet supplemented with 500 mg/kg of FAE (FAE500) and 1000 mg/kg of FAE (FAE1000). The FAE1000 group exhibited a significantly higher final body weight (FBW) (p < 0.05), and the average daily feed intake (ADFI) showed an increasing tendency in the FAE500 and FAE1000 groups (p = 0.056) compared to the CON group. Additionally, the inclusion of FAE resulted in the significantly higher apparent digestibility of crude ash (Ash), gross energy (GE), and crude protein (CP) (p < 0.05), with a tendency to the increased digestibility of dry matter (DM) (p = 0.053). Dietary FAE supplementation led to elevated serum levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) and decreased levels of serum L-lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), along with a tendency to increase serum glucose (GLU) levels (p = 0.084). The FAE500 group demonstrated higher serum concentrations of motilin (MTL) and gastrin (GAS) (p < 0.05), and a tendency for reduced serum glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) level (p = 0.055) compared to the CON group. Furthermore, alpha diversity analysis revealed that the FAE500 group significantly increased the Chao 1 and Observed_species indexes (p < 0.05). Similarly, beta diversity analysis indicated that FAE feeding altered the fecal microbial structure (p = 0.083). Notably, compared with the control group, CF231, Pediococcus, and Mogibacterium displayed higher relative abundance in the feces of the FAE500 group, whereas Tenericutes showed a reduction in relative abundance (p < 0.05). Additionally, the relative abundance of Tenericute was negatively correlated with the digestibility of DM, GE, Ash, and CP (p < 0.05). Serum MTL and GAS levels correlated positively with the Coprococcus, Dorea, Pediococcus, and Mogibacterium relative abundances (p < 0.05). Collectively, dietary FAE supplementation could enhance growth performance by boosting beneficial bacteria in feces, stimulating gastrointestinal hormone secretion, and improving nutrient digestibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Hypertension is a leading global risk factor for disability and death. Irbesartan, a potent angiotensin II receptor blocker, requires continuous safety monitoring. We conducted a disproportionality analysis of irbesartan-related adverse drug events (ADEs) using the FDA's FAERS and Japan's JADER databases. Methods: We extracted irbesartan-related ADE reports from FAERS (Q1 2004 to Q1 2024) and JADER (Q2 2008 to Q4 2023). We used Reporting Odds Ratio (ROR), Proportional Reporting Ratio (PRR), Bayesian Confidence Propagation Neural Network (BCPNN), and Empirical Bayesian Geometric Mean (EBGM) for signal detection. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to exclude comorbid medications, and subgroup analyses by age and gender were performed to explore ADE occurrence in specific populations. Th time to onset (TTO) of ADEs was assessed using Weibull distribution test and Kaplan-Meier curves. Results: A total of 5,816 (FAERS) and 366 (JADER) reports were analyzed, with irbesartan-related preferred terms (PTs) involving 27 System Organ Classes (SOCs) in FAERS and 22 in JADER. Three SOCs met detection thresholds in both databases: "metabolism and nutrition disorders," "cardiac disorders," and "renal and urinary disorders." We identified 219 positive signals in FAERS and 20 in JADER, including known signals like hyperkalemia, hypotension, and acute kidney injury. Notably, newly identified signals such as acute pancreatitis (n = 50, ROR: 7.76 [5.88–10.25]) and rhabdomyolysis (n = 50, ROR: 7.76 [5.88–10.25]) in FAERS and respiratory failure (n = 7, ROR: 6.76 [3.20–14.26]) in JADER could have significant clinical implications, as they may lead to severe outcomes if not recognized and managed promptly. Subgroup analyses revealed both similarities and differences in signal detection across gender and age groups. Sensitivity analyses, excluding concomitant medications, confirmed the persistence of key positive signals, including hyperkalemia, angioedema, acute pancreatitis, and agranulocytosis. ADEs mainly occurred within 1 month (34.14%) and after 1 year (32.32%) after dosing, with a median onset of 107 days. Conclusion: This study provides valuable real-world evidence on the safety profile of irbesartan. The identification of new safety signals underscores the necessity of updating drug labels, particularly for assessing and managing high-risk patients. Additionally, the TTO analysis emphasizes the importance of sustained vigilance for adverse events over time. In conclusion, our findings contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of irbesartan's safety, aiding healthcare professionals in optimizing its use in clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Diabetic cognitive impairment (DCI), considered one of the most severe and commonly overlooked complications of diabetes, has shown inconsistent findings regarding the metabolic profiles in DCI patients. This systematic review and meta‐analysis aimed to identify dysregulated metabolites as potential biomarkers for early DCI, providing valuable insights into the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. Materials and Methods: A systematic search of four databases, namely PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane, was conducted up to March 2024. Subsequently, a qualitative review of clinical studies was performed followed by a meta‐analysis of metabolite markers. Finally, the sources of heterogeneity were explored through subgroup and sensitivity analyses. Results: A total of 774 unique publications involving 4357 participants and the identification of multiple metabolites were retrieved. Of these, 13 clinical studies reported metabolite differences between the DCI and control groups. Meta‐analysis was conducted for six brain metabolites and two metabolite ratios. The results revealed a significant increase in myo‐inositol (MI) concentration and decreases in glutamate (Glu), Glx (glutamate and glutamine) and N‐acetylaspartate/creatine (NAA/Cr) ratios in DCI, which have been identified as the most sensitive metabolic biomarkers for evaluating DCI progression. Notably, brain metabolic changes associated with cognitive impairment are more pronounced in type 2 diabetes mellitus than in type 1 diabetes mellitus, and the hippocampus emerged as the most sensitive brain region regarding metabolic changes associated with DCI. Conclusions: Our results suggest that MI, Glu, and Glx concentrations and NAA/Cr ratios within the hippocampus may serve as metabolic biomarkers for patients with early‐stage DCI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have key roles in the pathological processes of neuropathic pain. Here, our aim was to elucidate the function of miR‐200a‐3p as well as its related regulatory mechanism in neuropathic pain. An animal model of neuropathic pain was established by chronic constriction injury (CCI) induction. The knockdown experiments are performed by injecting a lentiviral construct intrathecally. MiR‐200a‐3p and bromodomain‐containing protein 3 (BRD3) expression in rat spinal cord was determined using RT‐qPCR. The mechanical, thermal, and cold responses in animals were assessed at the indicated time after surgery. The levels of inflammatory cytokines in rat spinal cord were measured by ELISA. The changes in NF‐κB signaling‐related molecules in rat spinal cord were determined using western blot and immunofluorescence. MiR‐200a‐3p was underexpressed in CCI rats in a time‐dependent manner. Overexpression of miR‐200a‐3p decreased mechanical hyperalgesia and thermal sensitivity to attenuate neuropathic pain in rats. BRD3 was targeted by miR‐200a‐3p. Additionally, downregulation of BRD3 inhibited neuropathic pain progression. Moreover, overexpression of BRD3 rescued the effect of miR‐200a‐3p on NF‐κB signaling and neuropathic pain in CCI rats. MiR‐200a‐3p attenuates neuropathic pain via downregulating BRD3 to block NF‐κB signaling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding and accurately predicting cellular traffic data is vital for communication operators and device users, as it facilitates efficient resource allocation and ensures superior service quality. However, large-scale cellular traffic data forecasting remains challenging due to intricate temporal variations and complex spatial relationships. This article proposes a Knowledge Graph Driven Decomposition Approach (KGDA) for precise cellular traffic prediction. The KGDA breaks down the impact of static environmental factors and dynamic autocorrelations of cellular traffic time series, enabling the capture of overall traffic changes and understanding of traffic dependence on past values. Specifically, we propose an urban knowledge graph to capture the static environmental context of base stations, mapping these entities into the same latent space while retaining static environmental knowledge. The cellular traffic is divided into a regular pattern and fluctuating residual components, with the KGDA comprising four modules: a Knowledge Graph Representation Learning model, a traffic regular pattern prediction module, a traffic residual dynamic prediction module, and an attentional fusion module. The first leverages graph neural networks to extract spatial contexts and predict regular patterns, the second utilizes the Bi-directional Long Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM) model to capture autocorrelations of traffic time series, and the final module integrates the patterns and residuals to produce the final prediction result. Comprehensive experiments demonstrate that our proposed model outperforms state-of-the-art models by more than 10% in forecasting cellular traffic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The detection of heavy metal ions and organic pollutants from water sources remains critical challenges due to their detrimental effects on human health and the environment. Herein, a nitrogen and sulfur co-doped carbon quantum dot (NS-CQDs) fluorescent sensor was developed using a microwave-assisted carbonization method for the detection of Fe3+ ions and hydroquinone (HQ) in aqueous solutions. NS-CQDs exhibit excellent optical properties, enabling sensitive detection of Fe3+ and HQ, with detection limits as low as 3.40 and 0.96 μM. Notably, with the alternating introduction of Fe3+ and HQ, NS-CQDs exhibit significant fluorescence (FL) quenching and recovery properties. Based on this property, a reliable "on-off-on" detection mechanism was established, enabling continuous and reversible detection of Fe3+ and HQ. Furthermore, the low cytotoxicity of NS-CQDs was confirmed through successful imaging of HeLa cells, indicating their potential for real-time intracellular detection of Fe3+ and HQ. This work not only provides a green and rapid synthesis strategy for CQDs but also highlights their versatility as fluorescent probes for environmental monitoring and bioimaging applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Organophosphorus compounds have been widely used as achiral and chiral ligands in organic synthesis (PPh3, BINAP, dppe, Duphos, Xantphos, PPFA, Chiraphos, SEGPHOS), flame retardants, functional materials (LED, PV), as well as agrochemicals and medicines due to their broad biological activities. As the privileged versatile building blocks, 1,n‐enynes have been successfully applied in the synthesis of various functionalized cyclic compounds based on their two active unsaturated chemical bonds (C═C double and C≡C triple bonds). With the development of highly selective and efficient methods in organic chemistry, various organophosphorus cyclic compounds synthesis through radical cascade strategy has attracted considerable attention in recent years. In here, we have summarized the recent main achievements in the radical cascade reactions of 1,n‐enynes with phosphorus‐centered radicals. Furthermore, we also displayed the detailed reaction mechanisms in this review. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Irinotecan is a standard chemotherapeutic agent in small cell lung cancer (SCLC), however, as a common adverse reaction, diarrhea limits the use of irinotecan. Shengjiang Xiexin decoction (SXD) has been used in various gastrointestinal diseases in China two thousand years ago. We designed this clinical trial to supply more evidences on the use of SXD as prophylaxis for irinotecan-induced diarrhea, especially for high-risk population predicted by gene testing of uridine diphosphate glucuronosyl transferase 1A1 (UGT1A1). Methods: In this clinical trial, 120 patients with SCLC were recruited from six hospitals in China. They received two cycles of chemotherapy, meanwhile they were randomized to receive SXD or placebo for 14 days of oral administration in each cycle of chemotherapy. The primary outcome is the incidence of diarrhea. And secondary outcomes include the the degree of diarrhea and neutropenia, the number of chemotherapy cycles with diarrhea, first occurrence time and duration of diarrhea. To evaluate the effect of SXD on the intestine, a rat model with delayed-onset diarrhea induced by irinotecan was established, and the expression of inflammatory factors including IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α, anti-inflammatory factors including IL-10, TGF- β in jejunal tissue was detected by ELISA. Results: 101 patients (53 in SXD group, 48 in placebo group) completed the trial. The incidence of diarrhea in SXD group and placebo group were 26.42% (14/53) and 52.08% (25/48), respectively (P < 0.05), and the degree of diarrhea also had significant differences (P < 0.05). In UGT1A1 high-risk population, the incidence of diarrhea in two groups were 9.09% and 66.67% (P < 0.05), but there was no significant differences in UGT1A1 low-risk population. The incidence of neutropenia with degree 1–3 between two groups was 20.75% vs 20.83%, 13.21% vs 18.57%, 9.43% vs 20.83% (P < 0.05). No severe adverse events were reported in any group. And animal studies had shown SXD reduced content of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, increased content of IL-10, TGF-β in jejunum tissue. Conclusions: SXD had a prophylactic effect in the diarrhea induced by irinotecan, especially for UGT1A1 high-risk population, and this effect from SXD appeared to be maintained the completion of chemotherapy schedule. The mechanism of action of SXD was related to the regulation of inflammatory factors. Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Register: ChiCTR1800018490. Registered on 20 September 2018. https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=25250. The preliminary protocol of this clinical study has been published in the journal "Trials" in the form of protocol before this paper (Deng et al. in Trials 21:370, 2020). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we are concerned with the two-dimensional (2D) incompressible magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations with velocity dissipation given by (- Δ) α and magnetic diffusion given by reducing about the square root of logarithmic diffusion from standard Laplacian diffusion. More precisely, we establish the global regularity of solutions to the system as long as the power α is a positive constant. In addition, we prove several global a priori bounds for the case α = 0 . Finally, for the case α = 0 , it is also shown that the control of the direction of the magnetic field in a suitable norm is enough to guarantee the global regularity. In particular, our results significantly improve previous works and take us one step closer to a complete resolution of the global regularity issue on the 2D resistive MHD equations, namely, the case when the MHD equations only have standard Laplacian magnetic diffusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wave-powered boats can harness wave energy to drive hydrofoils to generate propulsion, and the arrangement position between dual hydrofoils has an obvious effect on the magnitude of propulsion generated. In this paper, the effects of the arrangement position between dual hydrofoils on the propulsion of wave-powered boats are studied. An instantaneous equivalent model of dual hydrofoils based on the local frame at the equivalent position is developed according to the relative motion principle, and the propulsion of the rear hydrofoil is calculated, and the reliability of the equivalent model results was verified through experiments. Through the augment optimization calculation based on the validated model mentioned above, the propulsion of the rear hydrofoil with different arrangement positions is obtained and the corresponding positions of the hydrofoil with larger propulsion are listed. Subsequently, a fluid-structure coupling model is established on the basis of the results obtained from the optimization calculation, and the dynamic response of the wave-powered boat is solved under different arrangement positions. It is evident that different horizontal and vertical arrangement positions of the dual hydrofoils have different effects on the propulsion performance. This is primarily due to the different influences of the wake vortices generated by the front hydrofoil acting on the rear hydrofoil, causing different fluctuations during its rotation process, thereby affecting propulsion. Overall, a reasonable arrangement position can effectively improve the propulsion of the wave-powered boat. The relevant research in this paper can provide a reference for similar hydrofoil arrangement designs of the wave-powered boat. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Process mining was widely used in healthcare settings to analyse patient pathways, providing insights about patient care and resource allocation. This study aimed to apply process mining to explore service utilization and pathways of patients with alcohol use disorders in receiving the community-based Drug and Alcohol Service to establish a baseline for evaluating improvement initiatives. Methods Patients' encounters with the Drug and Alcohol Service and their direct care activities (i.e. Intake, Assessment, and treatment service activities) that occurred in these encounters were analysed to depict the actual pathways. Patterns were uncovered from these actual pathways using a process mining tool Disco. Patients with alcohol use disorders were divided into two groups—patients who use polysubstance and those who do not—to compare their service utilization and pathway patterns. Results Five hundred seventy-one patients with alcohol use disorders incurred 1447 encounters, comprising 13,974 activities. The top three actual pathways with at least three activities were: (i) pathway 'Intake-> Withdrawal Management-> Withdrawal Management' (170 (11.7%) encounters and 130 (22.8%) patients); (ii) pathway 'Intake-> Adult Counselling-> Adult Counselling' (161 (11.1%) encounters and 126 (22.1%) patients); and (iii) pathway 'Intake-> Assessment-> Withdrawal Management' (155 (10.7%) encounters and 129 (22.6%) patients). However, 313 (21.6%) encounters did not proceed beyond the Intake stage. When the patients started their pathways from Intake, their immediate next activities were frequently Withdrawal Management, Assessment or Adult Counselling. Compared to those who do not use polysubstance, patients who use polysubstance had a higher proportion of Intake (19.3% vs 11.8%, P  < .001), Involuntary Treatment (4.0% vs 1.0%, P  < .001) and Magistrate Early Referral into Treatment (6.4% vs.3%, P  < .001), but a lower proportion of Withdrawal Management (31.2% vs 39.0%, P  < .001) and Adult Counselling (27.8% vs 37.6%, P  < .001). Conclusion This study contributes to an in-depth understanding of service utilization and pathways of patients with alcohol use disorders within the community-based Drug and Alcohol Service. Future studies should investigate their reasons for dropping out after Intake. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the post epidemic era, Chinese university students are confronted with multiple pressures regarding employment, including unprecedented competition, significantly elevated employment thresholds, a pronounced tendency towards limited job options, and a growing number of students with inadequate employability skills. This paper aims to analyze the current employment situation of university graduates and its underlying causes, while proposing corresponding solutions, in an effort to provide a reference for higher education institutions in enhancing their graduate employment education initiatives.

To explore effective measures to control the flavor of spicy salted duck irradiated by 60Co-γ ray and electron beam, the effects of antioxidants and irradiation temperature on the flavor and electron beam were studied using electronic nose and electronic tongue detection techniques. Radar analysis, principal component analysis (PCA), and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) were performed on the E-tongue and E-nose experimental data. The results indicated that there were significant differences in the flavor of spicy salted duck samples with different treatments (p

Hypoxia is a common pathological condition after spinal cord injury. Oestrogen-related receptor alpha (ERRα), as a key regulator of energy metabolism and mitochondrial functions, plays an important role in maintaining cell homeostasis. However, its role in hypoxic spinal microglia has not been fully elaborated. This study investigated the receptor’s activity when these cells are hypoxic and used as an in vitro model.