Search

O objetivo do presente artigo é apresentar o “passo-a-passo” de um modelo de atividade prática que pode ser utilizado no ensino à distância da disciplina Contabilidade Gerencial. Para o desenvolvimento da atividade, utilizam-se planilhas eletrônicas do Microsoft ® Excel em conjunto com ferramentas do Moodle. O ensino à distância é uma modalidade que está crescendo rapidamente no cenário atual da educação brasileira. A atividade desenvolvida considera a interdisciplinaridade e pesquisa envolvendo a contabilidade, que constituem esforços substanciais para o desenvolvimento dos futuros profissionais. Para facilitar o processo de ensinoaprendizagem dos alunos da referida disciplina, o material foi elaborado a partir de recursos disponíveis no Moodle e utilizam-se estudos de casos para auxiliar no desenvolvimento da capacidade de tomada de decisões dos alunos. A pesquisa foi realizada ao longo de quatro anos (8 semestres) em cursos de graduação de Administração e Ciências Contábeis. Como resultado percebe-se que o uso do material didático acelera a solução de exercícios e faz com que o aluno não desperdice tempo na montagem da resolução, além de conter situações que o aluno encontrará no dia-a-dia de uma empresa. Ao final da pesquisa concluímos que materiais didáticos como o apresentado é de extrema importância para o aprendizado.

This paper presents an analysis of the background of candidates who participated in the selection process conducted in a Distance Learning Course of 210 hours. A total of 146 candidates completed the Computing Fundamentals entrance exam, and 130 were approved. The objective of the analysis was to verify if computer literacy had any influence on the student’s performance in the course. The analysis was more focused on the 45 students who concluded the course. The grades in the entrance exam were compared to the final average grade of the six taught modules of the course. Additionally, descriptive statistics were performed, categorizing the data by gender, age, undergraduate subject area, and occupation. It was found that there is no correlation between computer literacy and performance in the course as a whole. It was also found that age did not influence the performance in the course. Este trabalho apresenta uma análise de conhecimento dos candidatos que participaram do processo de seleção para um curso a distância de 210 horas. Um total de 146 candidatos realizou o exame de admissão de Computação Básica e 130 foram aprovados. O objetivo da análise foi verificar se o conhecimento em informática teve qualquer influência sobre o desempenho do aluno no curso. A análise foi mais focada nos 45 alunos que concluíram o curso. As notas do exame de seleção foram comparadas com a média das notas finais dos seis módulos lecionados. Além disso, estatísticas descritivas foram realizadas, classificando os dados por sexo, idade, área de graduação e ocupação. Verificou-se que não há correlação entre o domínio em informática e o desempenho no curso como um todo. Constatou-se também que a idade não influenciou o desempenho no curso.

Eurytrema coelomaticum is a digenetic trematode that parasitizes the pancreatic ducts of ruminants. In the present study, the morphology of the cercariae was analyzed using light, scanning, and transmission electron microscopies. The size of the larvae was larger than that reported in the literature. An oral sucker with many papillae and an oral aperture in its center and a ventral sucker with few discrete papillae on the edge were observed. No stylet at the anterior end of the larval body and spines on the tegument of the end of the tail were observed. The cercariae had lateral penetration glands and (central) pre-acetabular glands, from which ducts lead to the anterior region and open into a small anterior pocket. The flame cells were located laterally and communicated with fine branches, converging to two lateral excretory collecting ducts that opened into an excretory bladder, centrally located at the posterior end of the body. The tegument presented an external layer loosely attached to the larval body, below which an amorphous syncytial outer layer with many mitochondrial profiles was observed. This region exhibited many secretions and released secretory granules, indicating intense secretory activity. The circular and longitudinal muscle layers were arranged in sequence below the outer layer. The outer layer was connected by cytoplasmic bridges crossing the muscular layers to the internal region of the tegument, where the cell body with nucleus was located. In the cercarial body, it was possible to observe a typical flame cell with the barrel region, where cilia and the internal and external ribbed regions were found. The somatic cells seem to have an active metabolism, with a well-developed endoplasmic reticulum, secretory granules, and evident nuclei. The results are discussed in the light of the biology and taxonomy of this species.

The digenetic trematode Eurytrema coelomaticum is a parasite of pancreatic ducts of ruminants. The ultrastructure of the mother and daughter sporocysts of E. coelomaticum was analyzed. The mother sporocyst was attached to the coelome of the intestine wall of intermediate snail host Bradybaena similaris, intimately adhered in some regions. It presents a highly folded tegument with granules and the body wall was composed by an outer syncitial layer, basal lamina, and circular and longitudinal muscle layer. Below was the cell body (cyton) with the nucleus. The daughter sporocysts obtained by dissection exhibited many granules and secretory vesicle in the outer layer indicating an intense secretory activity. The body wall presented the same layers of the mother sporocysts, but the outer syncitial layer invaginated and an amorphous layer was present between the syncitial and circular muscle layers. The protonephridial excretory system was viewed. The anterior and posterior end of the expelled sporocyst exhibit a degenerated structure, but biological activity still occurred in these regions. The swollen middle of the body was filled by a lamellar structure formed by degenerating membranes, but the excretory system was preserved. The endocyst wall was fibrilar and filled by cercariae and amorphous, membranous and secretory material inside it. These results were discussed.

Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-27T14:54:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 WOS000295236700097.pdf: 930406 bytes, checksum: d24eecc12f17a8e413e2077b377c80ff (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-09-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T18:36:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 WOS000295236700097.pdf: 930406 bytes, checksum: d24eecc12f17a8e413e2077b377c80ff (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-09-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:49:18Z No. of bitstreams: 1 WOS000295236700097.pdf: 930406 bytes, checksum: d24eecc12f17a8e413e2077b377c80ff (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T13:49:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 WOS000295236700097.pdf: 930406 bytes, checksum: d24eecc12f17a8e413e2077b377c80ff (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-09-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Ethnopharmacological relevance: The essential oil (EO) from Cymbopogon citratus (DC) Stapf is reported to have a wide range of biological activities and is widely used in traditional medicine as an infusion or decoction. However, despite this widely use, there are few controlled studies confirming its biological activity in central nervous system.Materials and methods: The anxiolytic-like activity of the EO was investigated in light/dark box (LDB) and marble-burying test (MBT) and the antidepressant activity was investigated in forced-swimming test (FST) in mice. Flumazenil, a competitive antagonist of benzodiazepine binding and the selective 5-HT1A receptor antagonist WAY100635 was used in experimental procedures to determine the action mechanism of EO. To exclude any false positive results in experimental procedures, mice were submitted to the rota-rod test. We also quantified some neurotransmitters at specific brain regions after EO oral acute treatment.Results: The present work found anxiolytic-like activity of the EO at the dose of 10 mg/kg in a LDB. Flumazenil, but not WAY100635, was able to reverse the effect of the EO in the LOB, indicating that the EO activity occurs via the GABA(A) receptor-benzodiazepine complex. Only at higher doses did the EO potentiate diethyl-ether-induced sleeping time in mice. In the FST and MBT, EO showed no effect. Finally, the increase in time spent in the light chamber, demonstrated by concomitant treatment with ineffective doses of diazepam (DZP) and the EO, revealed a synergistic effect of the two compounds. The lack of activity after long-term treatment in the LDB test might be related to tolerance induction, even in the DZP-treated group. Furthermore, there were no significant differences between groups after either acute or repeated treatments with the EO in the rota-rod test. Neurochemical evaluation showed no amendments in neurotransmitter levels evaluated in cortex, striatum, pons, and hypothalamus.Conclusions: The results corroborate the use of Cymbopogon citratus in folk medicine and suggest that the anxiolytic-like effect of its EO is mediated by the GABA(A) receptor-benzodiazepine complex. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. UNESP Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Biosci, Dept Pharmacol, BR-18618970 São Paulo, Brazil Univ São Paulo, Sch Vet Med, Dept Pathol, São Paulo, Brazil UNESP Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Biosci, Dept Pharmacol, BR-18618970 São Paulo, Brazil FAPESP: 06/07195-8

The seeds of 14 wild legume species from Brazil were analyzed to assess their potential as food. The seeds showed high levels of crude protein (10.9–50.0%), dietary fiber (0.8–52.3%) and energy (905–1804 kJ 100 g 1 ), and the amino acid composition (mg g 1 N) was comparable to that of soybeans, but with higher amounts of lysine (456–10,884) and histidine (199–918). The seeds showed lectin activity (20– 2560 and 60–2560 HU g 1 flour for untreated or treated erythrocytes, respectively) as well as trypsin inhibitory activity (4.06–27.35 mg TI mg 1 flour), urease (225–23,895 U kg 1 flour) and toxic activities (LD50 0.22–0.12 g kg 1 body weight). Most of the minerals, as with edible legume seeds, were present in high levels when considering reference daily intake (RDI) and the nutrient content claims of the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Thus, these wild legume seeds can be promising alternatives sources of food to overcome malnutrition problems.

Submitted by Renato Lourenço (renato.lourenco@fjp.mg.gov.br) on 2022-10-11T15:48:52Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) informática em questão no curso à distância educação e saúde na escola (ESE)..pdf: 204945 bytes, checksum: 74b262a1ffbb718737a8f40d1da410a1 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Renato Lourenço (renato.lourenco@fjp.mg.gov.br) on 2022-10-20T17:59:54Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) informática em questão no curso à distância educação e saúde na escola (ESE)..pdf: 204945 bytes, checksum: 74b262a1ffbb718737a8f40d1da410a1 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2022-10-20T17:59:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) informática em questão no curso à distância educação e saúde na escola (ESE)..pdf: 204945 bytes, checksum: 74b262a1ffbb718737a8f40d1da410a1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Fundação João Pinheiro Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Este trabalho apresenta uma análise de conhecimento dos candida-tos que participaram do processo de seleção para um curso a dis-tância de 210 horas. Um total de 146 candidatos realizou o exame de admissão de Computação Básica e 130 foram aprovados. O ob-jetivo da análise foi verificar se o conhecimento em informática teve qualquer influência sobre o desempenho do aluno no curso. A análise foi mais focada nos 45 alunos que concluíram o curso. As notas do exame de seleção foram comparadas com a média das notas finais dos seis módulos lecionados. Além disso, estatísticas descritivas foram realizadas, classificando os dados por sexo, ida-de, área de graduação e ocupação. Verificou-se que não há correla-ção entre o domínio em informática e o desempenho no curso co-mo um todo. Constatou-se também que a idade não influenciou o desempenho no curso. This paper presents an analysis of the background of candidates who participated in the selection process conducted in a Distance Learning Course of 210 hours. A total of 146 candidates completed the Computing Fundamentals entrance exam, and 130 were ap-proved. The objective of the analysis was to verify if computer literacy had any influence on the student’s performance in the course. The analysis was more focused on the 45 students who concluded the course. The grades in the entrance exam were com-pared to the final average grade of the six taught modules of the course. Additionally, descriptive statistics were performed, cate-gorizing the data by gender, age, undergraduate subject area, and occupation. It was found that there is no correlation between com-puter literacy and performance in the course as a whole. It was also found that age did not influence the performance in the course. Governo e Política

Smoking is a serious worldwide public health problem. Animal models act as a bridge between laboratory and human studies. The models applied are difficult to reproduce because of the use of different types of inhalation chambers and mainly because of the lack of continuous monitoring of smoke concentration.To develop an inhalation chamber for rats (with only the nose exposed) in which the amount of carbon monoxide (CO) can be maintained and monitored constantly.Male Wistar rats weighing 250g were exposed to 50ppm CO produced by the smoke from a filter-free cigarette. The animals were submitted to a single 2-h exposure and then sacrificed at 0, 4, 24 and 48h. The control group was left restrained inside the small perpendicular chambers, receiving only 5L/min of compressed air.The model was able to increase HbCO levels immediately after the end of exposure (p0.001), with a decrease being observed from 2h onwards when compared to the levels of the control group. Plasma cotinine increased immediately after exposure, and showed still detectable levels at 2 and 4h (p0.05).We conclude that the presented inhalation chamber system is able to maintain a controlled CO concentration in a model in which small animals are exposed to the inhalation of cigarette smoke, permitting well-controlled studies, as well as investigations involving other toxic gases and air pollutants.

Objective Detection of the eight most common respiratory viruses: human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV), influenza virus A and B (IA and IB), parainfluenza viruses 1, 2 and 3 (HPIV1, 2 and 3), adenovirus (Ad) and human metapneumovirus (HMPV), in order to establish the etiology of acute respiratory infections (ARIs) and the epidemiology of these viruses in young children seen at Hospital Universitario, Universidade de Sao Paulo, in Sao Paulo, Brazil, during 2003. Methods The epidemiological surveillance was conducted in all children younger than 5 years hospitalized at the Hospital for lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) from January 1, 2003 to December 30, 2003. Nasal and throat samples were scanned for respiratory viruses by polymerase chain reaction and detected by the GeneScan assay. Results Of 336 samples collected from 336 patients, 187 (55.6%) were positive for at least one of the respiratory viruses studied. Of all the children, HRSV was identified in 24.1%, HMPV in 17.8%, HPIV3 in 8.3%, Ad in 6.8%, IA in 5%, HPIV1 in 0.6%, but no virus could be detected in 44.1%. Dual virus infections were detected in 7.1% of all samples (12.8% of positive samples). HPIV2 and IB were not detected in the present study. Conclusions This study confirms that children younger than 5 years and particularly younger than 1 year have a high hospitalization rate due to HRSV, HMPV, HPIV, influenza and adenovirus. We were able to determine the etiology and epidemiology of most ARIs and trace the seasonal profile of the commonest respiratory viruses among young children.

Este artigo descreve um paciente que se apresentou com quadro de hipoxemia e platipnéia e cujo único achado na investigação foi a presença de um forame oval patente com shunt direita-esquerda sem hipertensão pulmonar, caracterizando uma síndrome rara conhecida como platipnéia-ortodeoxia, de interessantes características fisiopatológicas e com opções terapêuticas ainda não totalmente definidas.This article describes a patient presenting with dyspnea and platypnea and whose only clinical finding was presence of patent foramen ovale with a right to left shunt, without pulmonary hypertension, characteristic of the rare Platypnea-Orthodeoxya Syndrome, with very interesting pathophysiological findings and with therapeutic alternatives not yet defined.

Este artigo descreve um paciente que se apresentou com quadro de hipoxemia e platipnéia e cujo único achado na investigação foi a presença de um forame oval patente com shunt direita-esquerda sem hipertensão pulmonar, caracterizando uma síndrome rara conhecida como platipnéia-ortodeoxia, de interessantes características fisiopatológicas e com opções terapêuticas ainda não totalmente definidas. This article describes a patient presenting with dyspnea and platypnea and whose only clinical finding was presence of patent foramen ovale with a right to left shunt, without pulmonary hypertension, characteristic of the rare Platypnea-Orthodeoxya Syndrome, with very interesting pathophysiological findings and with therapeutic alternatives not yet defined.

This article describes a patient presenting with dyspnea and platypnea and whose only clinical finding was presence of patent foramen ovale with a right to left shunt, without pulmonary hypertension, characteristic of the rare Platypnea-Orthodeoxya Syndrome, with very interesting pathophysiological findings and with therapeutic alternatives not yet defined.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior Embora seja um recurso natural aparentemente em abundância, a água vem correndo sérios riscos de escassez. Sendo um elemento essencial a vida e indispensável ao desenvolvimento de diversas atividades humanas, é preciso dedicar atenção especial a demanda e ao consumo desse recurso, bem como aprimorar a gestão de abastecimento e uso geral do mesmo. Para isso, além de intervencões baseadas na gestão da oferta com a ampliação dos sistemas de captação e tratamento, contemplando a conservação e manejo dos recursos hídricos, e de grande importância a intervenção da instituição fornecedora de água tratada para racionalização e otimização do consumo. Sabe-se que ha fatores diversos que afetam os hábitos de consumo, sejam eles culturais, econômicos, sociais ou psicológicos. Assim, o conhecimento dos hábitos de consumo de água e dos fatores que afetam esses hábitos é requisito indispensável para nortear as políticas de combate ao desperdício, para a implementação de campanhas e novas tecnologias para o uso racional desse recurso. Desta forma, o propósito do presente trabalho é conhecer os hábitos de consumo de água de famílias residentes em moradias com medição individualizada e em edifícios multifamiliares, bem como a influência do grau de informação sobre questoẽs ambientais e do sistema de cobrança no consumo de água. Para isso, foram realizadas entrevistas em 300 domicílios atendidos com o fornecimento de água pelo SAAE de Viçosa/MG. Constatou-se a ocorrência de procedimentos inadequados de utilização de água em toda a população. Mesmo possuindo mais informações sobre os problemas ambientais, os residentes em moradias com ligação coletiva adotam, com maior frequencia, procedimentos não adequados de utilização de água. Conclui-se assim que somente a informação sobre os problemas ambientais não é suficiente para que as pessoas usem a água racionalmente. Nesta pesquisa, ficou caracterizado o desconhecimento da população sobre o novo sistema de cobranca, sendo maior nas residencias abastecidas coletivamente. Mesmo sendo o sistema de cobrança embasado no principio da equidade social, em que cada um paga pelo seu efetivo consumo, a medição coletiva impede que o sistema de cobrança alcance o seu principal objetivo, que é promover o uso racional da água, uma vez que os residentes nesse tipo de moradia não pagam pelo seu real consumo, desconhecem a quantidade de água consumida e parecem não se preocupar com a redução do consumo de água. Com base no estudo realizado, percebe-se ser de fundamental importancia que o poder público regulamente a medicao da água em prédios e casas com mais de uma moradia, porquanto a medição coletiva não incentiva o uso racional da água. Although being a natural resource, seemingly abundant, water is under serious risks of shortage. Being an essential element to life and indispensable for the development of several human activities, it is necessary to dedicate special attention to the demand and the consumption of that resource, as well as to improve the administration of provisioning and general use of the same. For that, besides interventions based on the administration of the supply with the amplification of the reception systems and treatment contemplating the conservation and handling of water resources, it is very important the intervention of the treated water supplying institution for consumption rationalization and optimization. It is known that there are several factors that affect consumer behavior, which can be cultural, economic, social or psychological. So, the knowledge of those factors is an indispensable requirement to guide waste combat politics, for the implementation of campaigns and new technologies for the rational use of that resource. Thus, the purpose of this research is to know the water consumption habits of families living in homes with individualized measurement system and in multi-family buildings, as well as the influence of the degree of information and of the collecting system in water consumption. To do so, semi-structured interviews were conducted in 300 homes with water supplied by SAAE of Vicosa/MG. The occurrence of inadequate procedures of water use was verified in the whole population. Although having more information about the environmental problems, residents in homes with collective connection adopt, more frequently, improper procedures of water use. It is concluded that only the information about the environmental problems is not enough for people to use water rationally. In this research, the ignorance of the population about a new collecting system is characterized, being that ignorance larger in the residences provisioned collectively. Although that collecting system is based in social equity, where each one pays for his actual consumption, the collective measurement prevents this system to reach its main objective, which is to promote the rational use of water, once the residents in homes with collective connection do not pay for their actual consumption, not knowing the amount of water consumed and making no effort to reduce their water consumption. It is fundamentally important that the public power regulates the water measurement in buildings and houses with more than a home, once the collective measurement does not motivate the rational use of the water.

RESUMO O município de Armação dos Búzios, RJ, faz parte da região de Cabo Frio, considerada um dos 14 Centros de Diversidade Vegetal do Brasil. Para a caracterização da composição florística e estrutura do componente arbustivoarbóreo (DAP > 5 cm) de florestas sobre maciços litorâneos deste município, foram implantados cinco blocos de cinco parcelas de 10 x 20 m, distribuídos em diferentes encostas (total de 0,5 ha). Foram amostrados 1193 indivíduos, 98 espécies e 36 famílias. Myrtaceae e Fabaceae (20 e 11 espécies) destacaram-se em riqueza e Euphorbiaceae, em número de indivíduos (39% do total). As espécies mais importantes foram Pachystroma longifolium (VI = 31,9), Sebastiania nervosa (30,6), Chrysophyllum lucentifolium (11,3), Machaerium pedicellatum (10,5), Guapira opposita (9,9), Philyra brasiliensis (9,9), Capparis flexuosa (9,1), Lonchocarpus virgilioides (8,2), Syagrus romanzoffiana (7,6) e Acosmium lentiscifolium (7,5). O índice de Shannon (H') foi de 3,60 nat.ind.-1 e a equabilidade (J') foi de 0,79. A distribuição espacial das espécies parece estar condicionada às características ecológicas de cada encosta, como resultado de sua orientação. As florestas estudadas apresentaram, em geral, similaridade (Jaccard) muito baixa com outras florestas fluminenses. ABSTRACT The municipality of Armação dos Búzios, Rio de Janeiro state, is included in the Cabo Frio region, one of the 14 Centres of Plant Diversity in Brazil. Aiming to characterize floristics and structure of the shrub-tree layer (DBH > 5 cm) of forests on coastal hills in this municipality, five sets of five 10 x 20 m plots were established on different slopes (total of 0.5 ha). The survey included 1193 individuals, 98 species and 36 families. Myrtaceae and Fabaceae (20 and 11 species) were the richest families, and Euphorbiaceae was the most abundant, comprising 39% of the individuals. The most important species were Pachystroma longifolium (IV = 31.9), Sebastiania nervosa (30.6), Chrysophyllum lucentifolium (11.3), Machaerium pedicellatum (10.5), Guapira opposita (9.9), Philyra brasiliensis (9.9), Capparis flexuosa (9.1), Lonchocarpus virgilioides (8.2), Syagrus romanzoffiana (7.6) and Acosmium lentiscifolium (7.5). The Shannon index (H') was 3.60 nat.ind.-1 and the evenness index (J') was 0.79. Species distribution seems to be influenced by the ecological characteristics of each slope, as a result of its orientation. The forests studied showed, in general, very low Jaccard's similarity with other forests from Rio de Janeiro.