552 results on '"Baker, Megan"'
Search Results
302. A welcoming foyer for $624.
- Author
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BAKER, MEGAN
- Subjects
INTERIOR decoration of entrance halls ,HOME remodeling ,DWELLING design & construction ,DOMESTIC architecture ,WOOD floor design & construction ,INTERIOR decoration - Abstract
The article offers information on how to complete an entryway renovation for $624. Topics include how to use paint to update stairs, installing drywall over wood paneling, and removing worn carpet. The article notes the cost of sealing existing wood floors and refinishing wood staircases with polyurethane.
- Published
- 2013
303. The right spot for your TV.
- Author
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BAKER, MEGAN
- Subjects
TELEVISION sets ,TELEVISION viewing - Abstract
The article offers information about the distance one should sit from one's television screen to avoid neck and eye strain and take greatest advantage of the television's resolution.
- Published
- 2013
304. From one thing to another.
- Author
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BAKER, MEGAN
- Subjects
WASTE products as building materials ,GREENHOUSE design & construction ,SHELVING (Furniture) -- Design & construction ,HEADBOARDS (Beds) -- Design & construction ,DO-it-yourself work - Abstract
The article details reader-created projects that use recycled materials to build something new. Steve Ashby created a mini greenhouse out of discarded divided-light wood windows he received for free. Samantha Miller created an upholstered headboard using a canvas dropcloth. Blake Edwards turned an old barn door into a kitchen shelf.
- Published
- 2013
305. Instant patina for new outdoor gear.
- Author
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BAKER, MEGAN
- Subjects
COMMERCIAL product evaluation ,PATINA of metals ,LIME (Minerals) ,TERRA-cotta ,STAINS & staining - Abstract
The article recommends products that will create specific patinas on outdoor gear, including Espoma Organic Garden Lime for aging terra-cotta pots, Jax Brass, Bronze & Copper Darkener to antique brass, and Rust-Oleum Ultimate Wood Stain in Sunbleached for lightening wood.
- Published
- 2013
306. Paint stirrers.
- Author
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BAKER, MEGAN
- Subjects
PAINT ,HANDICRAFT ,REPURPOSED materials ,EQUIPMENT & supplies - Abstract
The article presents ten pieces of advice on how to use free wooden paint stirrers from department stores as various craft projects. Recommended uses include creating a colorful or rustic drum shade for a lamp, using them to prop up sagging bookshelves, and stacking them to elevate a planter.
- Published
- 2013
307. Tidy catchall for $104.
- Author
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BAKER, MEGAN
- Subjects
HOME remodeling ,ENTRANCE hall design & construction ,MUDROOMS - Abstract
The article discusses a home-improvement project in which homeowners Jami and Mark Nato remodeled their foyer and turned it into a mud room for only 104 dollars, examining their use of pine boards instead of double-panel wainscoting and how they used hooks to create storage space.
- Published
- 2013
308. The 411 on salvaging wood pallets.
- Author
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BAKER, MEGAN
- Subjects
PALLETS (Shipping, storage, etc.) ,WOOD ,WASTE recycling - Abstract
The article offers information about using wood from salvaged wood pallets, recommending that people seek pallets at family-owned nurseries, printing shops, or grocery stores; look for pallets marked with an HT (heat-treated) stamp; and wear safety equipment while sanding down pallet wood for use.
- Published
- 2013
309. An organized office nook for $156.
- Author
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BAKER, MEGAN
- Subjects
HOME office design & construction ,DO-it-yourself work - Abstract
The article focuses on a closet renovation completed by homeowner Natalie Wright, who transformed her home's foyer closet into a home office by creating a desk out of a salvaged school tabletop, using salvaged metal drawers for storage, and mounting pendant lighting.
- Published
- 2013
310. Weatherstripping.
- Author
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BAKER, MEGAN
- Subjects
WEATHERSTRIPPING ,CABINETS (Furniture) - Abstract
The article offers a list of ten alternative uses for weatherstripping tape such as preventing cabinets from banging shut, wrapping wood handles for a more comfortable grip, and padding the back of a picture frame to prevent it from scratching walls.
- Published
- 2013
311. Landscape first aid.
- Author
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BAKER, MEGAN
- Subjects
TREE care ,LANDSCAPE gardening - Abstract
The article looks at how to treat common plant ailments including sun scald, frost heave, and winter burn.
- Published
- 2013
312. Fireplace face-lift for just $87.
- Author
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BAKER, MEGAN
- Subjects
DO-it-yourself work ,FIREPLACE design & construction - Abstract
The article offers step-by-step instructions and cost information for remodeling a fireplace.
- Published
- 2013
313. A bathroom refresher for $265.
- Author
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BAKER, MEGAN
- Subjects
BATHROOM remodeling ,INTERIOR decoration - Abstract
The article discusses a bathroom renovation which incorporates wainscoting, custom mirror frames, and white fixtures.
- Published
- 2012
314. A mudroom built-in for $470.
- Author
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Baker, Megan
- Subjects
MUDROOMS ,INTERIOR decoration - Abstract
The article examines how homeowners Shelley and Cason Smith renovated the mudroom in their Salt Lake City, Utah home for under five hundred dollars, discussing how they created an alcove bench using medium-density fiberboard (MDF) and discounted fabric, and the cost-efficiency of leftover paint.
- Published
- 2012
315. Fabric Finds.
- Author
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Baker, Megan and Drake, Jessica
- Subjects
TEXTILE patterns ,WINDOW shutters - Abstract
The article discusses block-print textile expert John Robshaw with a focus on his woven collection for Duralee Fabrics. A table is presented to compare the features of exterior Bahama Shutters to interior Plantation shutters, with a focus on the differences in look, function, and cost.
- Published
- 2012
316. Perk up a plain tub.
- Author
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Baker, Megan
- Subjects
BATHTUBS ,INTERIOR decoration of bathrooms ,STENCIL work - Abstract
The article offers step-by-step instructions for stenciling embellishments onto a cast-iron bathtub.
- Published
- 2012
317. Show off your coastal collection.
- Author
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Baker, Megan
- Subjects
INTERIOR decoration ,SEASHELL collecting ,SEA glass - Abstract
A list is presented of ways to display coastal collections such as placing seashells in the base of a glass lamp, using sea glass around candles, and creating a driftwood bundle to place in a planter or vase.
- Published
- 2012
318. Great hostess gifts.
- Author
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Baker, Megan
- Subjects
SEA salt ,KITCHEN utensils - Abstract
The article presents a list of product recommendations for hostess gifts including gourmet sea salt, songs by the Beach Boys and a handmade cutting board.
- Published
- 2012
319. Fabric Finds.
- Author
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Gibson, Stephanie and Baker, Megan
- Subjects
INTERIOR decoration ,TEXTILES ,SWIMMING pool maintenance & repair - Abstract
The article discusses Bolt House Textiles, owned by Lori Faison, a business that customizes textiles for anyone who needs fabrics. It further explains that not only will Bolt House customize yards of fabric, but it will also make lampshades or pillow covers. The article also includes a table comparing chlorinated pools to saltwater pools, analyzing factors such as equipment, maintenance, and the annual cost of keeping up each type of pool.
- Published
- 2012
320. MARCH.
- Author
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Baker, Megan
- Subjects
RETAIL stores ,COOKWARE - Abstract
A review is offered of MARCH kitchen boutique in San Francisco, California, where owner Sam Hamilton sells artisan-designed kitchen and cookware.
- Published
- 2012
321. Fabric Finds.
- Author
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Soppe, Taylor and Baker, Megan
- Subjects
INTERIOR decoration ,TEXTILES in interior decoration - Abstract
The article discusses the fabric choices of interior designer Suzanne Kasler including the use of patterns such as paisleys, florals, and quatrefoils.
- Published
- 2012
322. Spring-cleaning tips for your porch.
- Author
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Baker, Megan
- Subjects
CLEANING ,CONCRETE ,ALUMINUM products - Abstract
The article presents a list of cleaning methods for surfaces such as concrete, siding, and aluminum fixtures.
- Published
- 2012
323. Go Out Swinging.
- Author
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BAKER, MEGAN and HIRST, LINDA
- Subjects
HOME remodeling ,OUTDOOR furniture ,HAMMOCKS - Abstract
The article presents a list of ten methods to aesthetically enhance outdoor spaces such as the addition of a hammock, porch, or proper lighting.
- Published
- 2012
324. Insider's Guide to Outdoor Fabrics.
- Author
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Baker, Megan
- Subjects
OUTDOOR textiles ,TEXTILE dyeing ,WATER repellents ,COATING processes ,HOME furnishings - Abstract
The article offers information about outdoor fabrics. Topics discussed include how a fabric's durability is indicated by how it is dyed, using outdoor fabrics for high-traffic indoor areas such as window seats or pet areas, and the importance of applying a water-repelling treatment once every year or two to make outdoor fabrics last longer.
- Published
- 2012
325. Salty Walt and The Rattlin' Ratlines, maritime musicians.
- Author
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BAKER, MEGAN
- Subjects
SEA songs ,OCEAN -- Songs & music ,MUSIC festivals ,POPULAR music genres - Abstract
The article looks American maritime music, focusing on the band Salty Walt and the Rattlin' Ratlines of Muir Beach, California. Characteristics of maritime music as a genre are considered, including its three types of songs: chanteys, forebitters, and sea music. Maritime music festivals in the U.S. are also discussed, including the Mystic Seaport's Sea Music Festival of Mystic, Connecticut.
- Published
- 2011
326. Fabric Finds.
- Author
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Nesbitt, Bradley and Baker, Megan
- Subjects
TEXTILES ,FIREPLACES ,FIREPLACE safety ,FIREPLACE maintenance & repair ,PATTERNMAKING ,CHARTS, diagrams, etc. - Abstract
The article discusses a line of indoor and outdoor fabrics designed by interior designer Windsor Smith and textile company Kravet, noting available patterns. A chart is also presented which compares wood-burning fireplaces to gas fireplaces, focusing on aspects of safety, maintenance, and overall sensory experience.
- Published
- 2011
327. no more pale mail.
- Author
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BAKER, MEGAN and LATTA, SARAH
- Subjects
EMAIL ,ART exhibitions ,FISHERIES ,FISH as food - Abstract
The article discusses various topics including e-mail stationary, an art exhibition and a community fishery website. The e-mail stationary has personalized features and borders. The art exhibition takes place in Key West, Florida and includes a shipwreck turned into a gallery. Also discussed is a website that helps people find local fisheries at localcatch.org.
- Published
- 2011
328. Paint Picks for a Perfect Room.
- Author
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Marcoux, Steele Thomas and Baker, Megan
- Subjects
INTERIOR decoration ,COLOR in interior decoration ,COUNTERTOPS ,GRANITE ,SOAPSTONE - Abstract
This article offers home designer Bunny Williams' advice on interior design. Bunny discusses the colors she would apply to her ideal bedroom. The article also presents a table comparing granite and soapstone counters. Granite counters offer a natural and traditional look while soapstone counters offer a contemporary and dark look.
- Published
- 2011
329. What Your Headache Really Means.
- Author
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Baker, Megan
- Subjects
HEADACHE ,HEAD diseases ,MIGRAINE - Abstract
The article presents information on the different kinds of headache, including pain around the forehead, headache accompanied with dizziness and migraine.
- Published
- 2010
330. E-textile based modular sEMG suit for large area level of effort analysis.
- Author
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Ohiri, Korine A., Pyles, Connor O., Hamilton, Leslie H., Baker, Megan M., McGuire, Matthew T., Nguyen, Eric Q., Osborn, Luke E., Rossick, Katelyn M., McDowell, Emil G., Strohsnitter, Leah M., and Currano, Luke J.
- Subjects
- *
ELBOW joint , *KNEE joint , *COMPRESSION garments , *RAPID prototyping , *COMPUTER performance , *LASER beam cutting - Abstract
We present a novel design for an e-textile based surface electromyography (sEMG) suit that incorporates stretchable conductive textiles as electrodes and interconnects within an athletic compression garment. The fabrication and assembly approach is a facile combination of laser cutting and heat-press lamination that provides for rapid prototyping of designs in a typical research environment without need for any specialized textile or garment manufacturing equipment. The materials used are robust to wear, resilient to the high strains encountered in clothing, and can be machine laundered. The suit produces sEMG signal quality comparable to conventional adhesive electrodes, but with improved comfort, longevity, and reusability. The embedded electronics provide signal conditioning, amplification, digitization, and processing power to convert the raw EMG signals to a level-of-effort estimation for flexion and extension of the elbow and knee joints. The approach we detail herein is also expected to be extensible to a variety of other electrophysiological sensors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
331. Old medium, new design : in search of alternative aesthetics of Taiwanese aboriginal woven textiles in theatrical costume designs
- Author
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Chen, Wan-Lee, Macdonald, Juliette, Mitchell, Leslie, and Baker, Megan
- Subjects
Taiwanese aborigines ,textile ,theatre costume ,tradition ,identity ,difference ,aesthestics of imperfection - Abstract
The main purpose of this practice-led research is to explore the relevance of present day Taiwanese aboriginal weavers’ work to contemporary society and how it might be integrated into today’s production processes, and used on stage as well as in exhibition. My research focuses on my costume design work for two theatrical productions, Africussion and Romeo and Juliet, for which the costumes were made with traditional Taiwanese aboriginal woven textiles, and is based on the assumption that the process of costume design affords a space to explore other aesthetic possibilities for aboriginal woven textiles, and that the theatre provides a context in which the conventional conceptions of Taiwanese aboriginal textile design can be challenged, broken apart and renewed. This research deals with both the theoretical and the practical considerations that apply to aboriginal weaving, and examines the intellectual traditions of the philosophy of art and aesthetics to be found in its theory and application. My thesis challenges the notion upheld by many of today’s aboriginal weavers that their ‘traditions’ are fixed and unchangeable, and argues for the importance of individual creativity if modern, contemporary needs and tastes in textiles are to be met by materials woven in the aboriginal way. My practice-led research is grounded on the techniques of aboriginal backstrap loom and weaving and basket weaving, which were learned from aboriginal weavers in a 20-month tribal fieldwork. This project approaches aboriginal woven textiles as artistic objects in the context of theatre productions and performances instead of as mere commercial entities. It also argues that theatrical costume design is much more than just the making of simple costumes that complement performances.
- Published
- 2012
332. Biomediation of submarine sediment gravity flow dynamics.
- Author
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Craig, Melissa J., Baas, Jaco H., Amos, Kathryn J., Strachan, Lorna J., Manning, Andrew J., Paterson, David M., Hope, Julie A., Nodder, Scott D., and Baker, Megan L.
- Subjects
- *
GRAVITY , *SEDIMENTS , *LAMINAR flow , *TURBULENT flow , *SEDIMENT transport - Abstract
Sediment gravity flows are the primary process by which sediment and organic carbon are transported from the continental margin to the deep ocean. Up to 40% of the total marine organic carbon pool is represented by cohesive extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) produced by microorganisms. The effect of these polymers on sediment gravity flows has not been investigated, despite the economic and societal importance of these flows. We present the first EPS concentrations measured in deep-sea sediment, combined with novel laboratory data that offer insights into the modulation of the dynamics of clay-laden, physically cohesive sediment gravity flows by biological cohesion. We show that EPS can profoundly affect the character, evolution, and runout of sediment gravity flows and are as prevalent in deep oceans as in shallow seas. Transitional and laminar plug flows are more susceptible to EPS-induced changes in flow properties than turbulent flows. At relatively low concentrations, EPS markedly decrease the head velocity and runout distance of transitional flows. This biological cohesion is greater, per unit weight, than the physical cohesion of cohesive clay and may exert a stronger control on flow behavior. These results significantly improve our understanding of the effects of an unrealized biological component of sediment gravity flows. The implications are wide ranging and may influence predictive models of sediment gravity flows and advance our understanding about the ways in which these flows transport and bury organic carbon globally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
333. Plasma microRNA signature as a noninvasive biomarker for acute graft-versus-host disease.
- Author
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Bin Xiao, Yu Wang, Wei Li, Baker, Megan, Jian Guo, Corbet, Kelly, Tsalik, Ephraim L., Qi-Jing Li, Palmer, Scott M., Woods, Christopher W., Zhiguo Li, Nelson J. Chao, and You-Wen He
- Subjects
- *
MICRORNA , *GRAFT versus host disease , *BIOMARKERS , *SEPSIS , *CELL transplantation - Abstract
Acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). Approximately 35% to 50% of HCT recipients develop aGVHD; however, there are no validated diagnostic and predictive blood biomarkers for aGVHD in clinical use. Here, we show that plasma samples from aGVHD patients have a distinct microRNA (miRNA) expression profile. We found that 6 miRNAs (miR-423, miR-199a-3p, miR-93", miR-377, miR-155, and miR-30a) were significantly upregulated in the plasma of aGVHD patients (n = 116) when compared with - non-GVHD patients (n = 52) in training and validation phases. We have developed a model including 4 miRNAs (miR-423, miR-199a-3p, miR-93", and miR-377) that can predict the probability of aGVHD with an area under the curve of 0.80. Moreover, these elevated miRNAs were detected before the onset of aGVHD (median = 16 days before diagnosis). In addition, the levels of these miRNAs were positively associated with aGVHD severity, and high expression of the miRNA panel was associated with poor overall survival. Furthermore, the miRNA signature for aGVHD was not detected in the plasma of lung transplant or nontransplant sepsis patients. Our results have identified a specific plasma miRNA signature that may serve as an independent biomarker for the prediction, diagnosis, and prognosis of aGVHD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
334. Outcomes in Women Treated With MammoSite Brachytherapy or Whole Breast Irradiation Stratified by ASTRO Accelerated Partial Breast Irradiation Consensus Statement Groups
- Author
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Zauls, A. Jason, Watkins, John M., Wahlquist, Amy E., Brackett, N. Craig, Aguero, Eric G., Baker, Megan K., Jenrette, Joseph M., Garrett-Mayer, Elizabeth, and Harper, Jennifer L.
- Subjects
- *
RADIOISOTOPE brachytherapy , *CANCER in women , *MAMMOGRAMS , *LYMPH nodes , *DUCTAL carcinoma , *DATA analysis , *HEALTH outcome assessment , *CANCER treatment - Abstract
Purpose: The American Society for Radiation Oncology published a Consensus Statement for accelerated partial breast irradiation identifying three groups: Suitable, Cautionary, and Unsuitable. The objective of this study was to compare oncologic outcomes in women treated with MammoSite brachytherapy (MB) vs. whole breast irradiation (WBI) after stratification into Statement groups. Methods: Eligible women had invasive carcinoma or ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) ≤3 cm, and ≤3 lymph nodes positive. Women were stratified by radiation modality and Statement groups. Survival analysis methods including Kaplan-Meier estimation, Cox regression, and competing risks analysis were used to assess overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), time to local failure (TTLF), and tumor bed failure (TBF). Results: A total of 459 (183 MB and 276 WBI) patients were treated from 2002 to 2009. After a median follow-up of 45 months, we found no statistical differences by stratification group or radiation modality with regard to OS and DFS. At 4 years TTLF or TBF were not statistically different between the cohorts. Univariate analysis in the MB cohort revealed that nodal positivity (pN1 vs. pN0) was related to TTLF (hazard ratio 6.39, p = 0.02). There was a suggestion that DCIS histology had an increased risk of failure when compared with invasive ductal carcinoma (hazard ratio 3.57, p = 0.06). Conclusions: MB and WBI patients stratified by Statement groups seem to combine women who will have similar outcomes regardless of radiation modality. Although outcomes were similar, we remain guarded in overinterpretation of these preliminary results until further analysis and long-term follow-up data become available. Caution should be used in treating women with DCIS or pN1 disease with MB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
335. Natural Killer Cell-Enriched Donor Lymphocyte Infusions from A 3-6/6 HLA Matched Family Member following Nonmyeloablative Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation
- Author
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Rizzieri, David A., Storms, Robert, Chen, Dong-Feng, Long, Gwynn, Yang, Yiping, Nikcevich, Daniel A., Gasparetto, Cristina, Horwitz, Mitchell, Chute, John, Sullivan, Keith, Hennig, Therese, Misra, Debashish, Apple, Christine, Baker, Megan, Morris, Ashley, Green, Patrick G., Hasselblad, Vic, and Chao, Nelson J.
- Subjects
- *
KILLER cells , *STEM cell transplantation , *LYMPHOCYTES , *HLA histocompatibility antigens , *GRAFT versus host disease , *DISEASE relapse , *INFECTION , *STANDARD deviations - Abstract
Infusing natural killer (NK) cells following transplantation may allow less infections and relapse with little risk of acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD). We delivered 51 total NK cell-enriched donor lymphocyte infusions (DLIs) to 30 patients following a 3-6/6 HLA matched T cell-depleted nonmyeloablative allogeneic transplant. The primary endpoint of this study was feasibility and safety. Eight weeks following transplantation, donor NK cell-enriched DLIs were processed using a CD56+ selecting column with up to 3 fresh infusions allowed. Toxicity, relapse, and survival were monitored. T cell phenotype, NK cell functional recovery, and KIR typing were assessed for association with outcomes. Fourteen matched and 16 mismatched transplanted patients received a total of 51 NK cell-enriched DLIs. Selection resulted in 96% (standard deviation [SD] 8%) purity and 83% (SD 21%) yield in the matched setting and 97% (SD 3%) purity and 77% (SD 24%) yield in the mismatched setting. The median number of CD3− CD56+ NK cells infused was 10.6 (SD 7.91) × 106 cells/kg and 9.21 (SD 5.6) × 106 cells/kg, respectively. The median number of contaminating CD3+CD56− T cells infused was .53 (1.1) × 106 and .27 (.78) × 106 in the matched and mismatched setting, respectively. Only 1 patient each in the matched (n = 14) or mismatched (n = 16) setting experienced severe aGVHD with little other toxicity attributable to the infusions. Long-term responders with multiple NK cell-enriched infusions and improved T cell phenotypic recovery had improved duration of responses (p = .0045) and overall survival (OS) (P = .0058). A 1-step, high-yield process is feasible, and results in high doses of NK cells infused with little toxicity. NK cell-enriched DLIs result in improved immune recovery and outcomes for some. Future studies must assess whether the improved outcomes are the direct result of the high doses and improved NK cell function or other aspects of immune recovery. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
336. Effectiveness of a universal, school-based, online programme for the prevention of anxiety, depression, and substance misuse among adolescents in Australia: 72-month outcomes from a cluster-randomised controlled trial.
- Author
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Teesson M, Birrell L, Slade T, Mewton LR, Olsen N, Hides L, McBride N, Chatterton ML, Allsop S, Furneaux-Bate A, Bryant Z, Ellem R, Baker MJ, Healy A, Debenham J, Boyle J, Mather M, Mihalopoulos C, Chapman C, and Newton NC
- Subjects
- Humans, Adolescent, Female, Male, Australia, Young Adult, Schools, Internet, Substance-Related Disorders prevention & control, Anxiety prevention & control, Depression prevention & control, School Health Services
- Abstract
Background: The CSC study found that the universal delivery of a school-based, online programme for the prevention of mental health and substance use disorders among adolescents resulted in improvements in mental health and substance use outcomes at 30-month follow-up. We aimed to compare the long-term effects of four interventions-Climate Schools Combined (CSC) mental health and substance use, Climate Schools Substance Use (CSSU) alone, Climate Schools Mental Health (CSMH) alone, and standard health education-on mental health and substance use outcomes among adolescents at 72-month follow-up into early adulthood., Methods: This long-term study followed up adolescents from a multicentre, cluster-randomised trial conducted across three states in Australia (New South Wales, Queensland, and Western Australia) enrolled between Sept 1, 2013, and Feb 28, 2014, for up to 72 months after baseline assessment. Adolescents (aged 18-20 years) from the original CSC study who accepted contact at 30-month follow-up and provided informed consent at 60-month follow-up were eligible. The interventions were delivered in school classrooms through an online delivery format and used a mixture of peer cartoon storyboards and classroom activities that were focused on alcohol, cannabis, anxiety, and depression. Participants took part in two web-based assessments at 60-month and 72-month follow-up. Primary outcomes were alcohol use, cannabis use, anxiety, and depression, measured by self-reported surveys and analysed by intention to treat (ie, in all students who were eligible at baseline). This trial is registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12613000723785), including the extended follow-up study., Findings: Of 6386 students enrolled from 71 schools, 1556 (24·4%) were randomly assigned to education as usual, 1739 (27·2%) to CSSU, 1594 (25·0%) to CSMH, and 1497 (23·4%) to CSC. 311 (22·2%) of 1401 participants in the control group, 394 (26·4%) of 1495 in the CSSU group, 477 (37·%) of 1289 in the CSMH group, and 400 (32·5%) of 1232 in the CSC group completed follow-up at 72 months. Adolescents in the CSC group reported slower year-by-year increases in weekly alcohol use (odds ratio 0·78 [95% CI 0·66-0·92]; p=0·0028) and heavy episodic drinking (0·69 [0·58-0·81]; p<0·0001) than did the control group. However, significant baseline differences between groups for drinking outcomes, and no difference in the predicted probability of weekly or heavy episodic drinking between groups were observed at 72 months. Sensitivity analyses increased uncertainty around estimates. No significant long-term differences were observed in relation to alcohol use disorder, cannabis use, cannabis use disorder, anxiety, or depression. No adverse events were reported during the trial., Interpretation: We found some evidence that a universal online programme for the prevention of anxiety, depression, and substance use delivered in early adolescence is effective in reducing the use and harmful use of alcohol into early adulthood. However, confidence in these findings is reduced due to baseline differences, and we did not see a difference in the predicted probability of drinking between groups at 72-month follow-up. These findings suggest that a universal prevention programme in adolescence is not sufficient to have lasting effects on mental health and substance use disorders in the long term. In addition to baseline differences, substantial attrition warrants caution in interpretation and the latter factor highlights the need for future long-term follow-up studies to invest in strategies to increase engagement., Funding: Australian National Health and Medical Research Council., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests MT and NCN are two of the developers of the OurFutures programmes (formerly Climate Schools) and are members of the OurFutures Institute, a not-for-profit charity that distributes the OurFutures programmes to maximise social wellbeing. All other authors declare no competing interests., (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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337. Non-operative management of terrible triad injuries of the elbow; not so terrible?
- Author
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Baker M, Eyre-Brook A, Gokaraju K, Jones V, Thyagarajan D, Ali A, and Booker S
- Abstract
Introduction: Terrible triad injuries (TTIs) of the elbow have traditionally been reported to have poor outcomes, hence requiring surgical stabilisation. We identified and reviewed patients with TTIs treated non-operatively within our department., Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients with TTI treated non-operatively with standardised elbow-instability rehabilitation from 2010 to 2020. We used Mason and Morrey classifications for radial head and coronoid fractures, respectively. Non-operative indications included a congruent joint on CT, significant co-morbidities pre-disposing to high-risk surgery and/or patient preference. Outcomes included Oxford Elbow Score (OES), ROM and complications., Results: Nineteen patients were included (mean age 49; 37% female). At an average of 6 years (range 2-11 years) post-treatment, mean OES was 46 ± 7. At last clinic review, mean 6 months (2-15), average ROM was 131 ± 11° flexion, 8 ± 10° extension, 85 ± 12° supination and 85 ± 13° pronation. One patient required arthrolysis and another had an incongruent ulnohumeral joint which developed clicking with a functional ROM., Conclusion: Our report suggests non-operatively managed and appropriately rehabilitated TTI injuries can achieve good function and ROM. We recommend conservative management as a viable option in cases with joint congruency and no mechanical block in patients with significant co-morbidities or those refusing surgery but patients must be assessed on a case-by-case basis., Competing Interests: The authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article., (© The Author(s) 2023.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
338. Parental awareness and attitudes towards prevention of respiratory syncytial virus in infants and young children in Australia.
- Author
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Holland C, Baker M, Bates A, Hughes C, Richmond PC, Carlson S, and Moore HC
- Subjects
- Infant, Child, Pregnancy, Female, Humans, Child, Preschool, Cross-Sectional Studies, Australia, Parents, Hospitalization, Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections prevention & control, Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human
- Abstract
Aim: To assess parental awareness of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and the level of acceptance of future RSV prevention strategies., Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was implemented targeting "future" and "current" parents of children aged ≤5 years in Australia., Results: From 1992 eligible participants, two non-mutually exclusive subgroups were formed: "current" parents (N = 1931) and "pregnant/planning" parents (N = 464: 403 also "current" parents and 61 "future" parents). Participants were predominantly (86.6%) aged 25-39 years and 68.5% with university education. The majority (89.6% current; 78.7% future) had heard of RSV. Of those, 64.2% (current) and 50.0% (future) were aware that pneumonia is associated with RSV; 71.8% (current) and 52.1% (future) were aware that bronchiolitis is associated with RSV. In multivariable logistic regression analyses, Australian-born parents (aOR = 2.47 [95% CI: 1.48-4.12]), living in the eastern states (e.g., New South Wales: aOR = 6.15 [95% CI:2.10-18.04]), with a university-level education (aOR = 2.61 [95% CI:1.38-4.94]) and being a current parent (aOR = 12.26 [95% CI:2.82-53.28]) were associated with higher RSV awareness. There was a high level of acceptance for maternal vaccines (future: 79.3%) and infant immunisation (all: 81.7%)., Conclusion: While RSV awareness and immunisation acceptance were high, there was limited knowledge of severity of RSV, especially in future parents. Education campaigns need to be developed to increase RSV knowledge., (© 2024 Foundation Acta Paediatrica. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
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- 2024
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339. CLPB disaggregase dysfunction impacts the functional integrity of the proteolytic SPY complex.
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Baker MJ, Blau KU, Anderson AJ, Palmer CS, Fielden LF, Crameri JJ, Milenkovic D, Thorburn DR, Frazier AE, Langer T, and Stojanovski D
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- Mitochondria genetics, Proteolysis, Proteomics, Humans, Intracellular Membranes, Membrane Proteins genetics, Endopeptidase Clp genetics
- Abstract
CLPB is a mitochondrial intermembrane space AAA+ domain-containing disaggregase. CLPB mutations are associated with 3-methylglutaconic aciduria and neutropenia; however, the molecular mechanism underscoring disease and the contribution of CLPB substrates to disease pathology remains unknown. Interactions between CLPB and mitochondrial quality control (QC) factors, including PARL and OPA1, have been reported, hinting at dysregulation of organelle QC in disease. Utilizing proteomic and biochemical approaches, we show a stress-specific aggregation phenotype in a CLPB-null environment and define the CLPB substrate profile. We illustrate an interplay between intermembrane space proteins including CLPB, HAX1, HTRA2, and the inner membrane quality control proteins (STOML2, PARL, YME1L1; SPY complex), with CLPB deficiency impeding SPY complex function by virtue of protein aggregation in the intermembrane space. We conclude that there is an interdependency of mitochondrial QC components at the intermembrane space/inner membrane interface, and perturbations to this network may underscore CLPB disease pathology., (© 2024 Baker et al.)
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- 2024
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340. The Global Turbidity Current Pump and Its Implications for Organic Carbon Cycling.
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Talling PJ, Hage S, Baker ML, Bianchi TS, Hilton RG, and Maier KL
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- Carbon, Carbon Cycle, Climate
- Abstract
Submarine turbidity currents form the largest sediment accumulations on Earth, raising the question of their role in global carbon cycles. It was previously inferred that terrestrial organic carbon was primarily incinerated on shelves and that most turbidity current systems are presently inactive. Turbidity currents were thus not considered in global carbon cycles, and the burial efficiency of global terrestrial organic carbon was considered low to moderate (∼10-44%). However, recent work has shown that burial of terrestrial organic carbon by turbidity currents is highly efficient (>60-100%) in a range of settings and that flows occur more frequently than once thought, although they were far more active at sea-level lowstands. This leads to revised global estimates for mass flux (∼62-90 Mt C/year) and burial efficiency (∼31-45%) of terrestrial organic carbon in marine sediments. Greatly increased burial fluxes during sea-level lowstands are also likely underestimated; thus, organic carbon cycling by turbidity currents could play a role in long-term changes in atmospheric CO
2 and climate.- Published
- 2024
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341. Examining dependencies among different time scales in episodic memory - an experience sampling study.
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Yim H, Garrett PM, Baker M, Cha J, Sreekumar V, and Dennis SJ
- Abstract
We re-examined whether different time scales such as week, day of week, and hour of day are independently used during memory retrieval as has been previously argued (i.e., independence of scales). To overcome the limitations of previous studies, we used experience sampling technology to obtain test stimuli that have higher ecological validity. We also used pointwise mutual information to directly calculate the degree of dependency between time scales in a formal way. Participants were provided with a smartphone and were asked to wear it around their neck for two weeks, which was equipped with an app that automatically collected time, images, GPS, audio and accelerometry. After a one-week retention interval, participants were presented with an image that was captured during their data collection phase, and were tested on their memory of when the event happened (i.e., week, day of week, and hour). We find that, in contrast to previous arguments, memories of different time scales were not retrieved independently. Moreover, through rendering recurrence plots of the images that the participants collected, we provide evidence the dependency may have originated from the repetitive events that the participants encountered in their daily life., Competing Interests: SD is the CEO of a startup called Unforgettable Technologies Pty Ltd. that specializes in providing privacy preserving experience sampling collection and analysis services. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Yim, Garrett, Baker, Cha, Sreekumar and Dennis.)
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- 2024
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342. Incidence and outcomes of acute kidney injury including hepatorenal syndrome in hospitalized patients with cirrhosis in the US.
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Patidar KR, Belcher JM, Regner KR, St Hillien SA, Simonetto DA, Asrani SK, Neyra JA, Sharma P, Velez JCQ, Wadei H, Nadim MK, Chung RT, Seethapathy R, Parada XV, Ouyang T, Ufere NN, Robinson JE, McLean Diaz P, Wilechansky RM, Przybyszewski EM, Smith TN, Ali AA, Orman ES, Schulz P, Siddiqui SM, Shabbir R, Liu LJ, Cama-Olivares A, Flannery AH, Baker ML, Gunasekaran D, Aswine A, Issa R, Li J, Verma S, Chalmers D, Varghese V, Lam W, Mohamed M, Kovacic R, Gaddy A, Attieh RM, Cortes P, Semnani S, Wang L, Khemichian S, and Allegretti AS
- Subjects
- Aged, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Incidence, Liver Cirrhosis complications, Liver Cirrhosis epidemiology, Necrosis complications, Retrospective Studies, Acute Kidney Injury epidemiology, Acute Kidney Injury etiology, Acute Kidney Injury therapy, Hepatorenal Syndrome epidemiology, Hepatorenal Syndrome etiology
- Abstract
Background & Aims: Acute kidney injury (AKI) in cirrhosis is common and associated with high morbidity, but the incidence rates of different etiologies of AKI are not well described in the US. We compared incidence rates, practice patterns, and outcomes across etiologies of AKI in cirrhosis., Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of 11 hospital networks, including consecutive adult patients admitted with AKI and cirrhosis in 2019. The etiology of AKI was adjudicated based on pre-specified clinical definitions (prerenal/hypovolemic AKI, hepatorenal syndrome [HRS-AKI], acute tubular necrosis [ATN], other)., Results: A total of 2,063 patients were included (median age 62 [IQR 54-69] years, 38.3% female, median MELD-Na score 26 [19-31]). The most common etiology was prerenal AKI (44.3%), followed by ATN (30.4%) and HRS-AKI (12.1%); 6.0% had other AKI, and 7.2% could not be classified. In our cohort, 8.1% of patients received a liver transplant and 36.5% died by 90 days. The lowest rate of death was observed in patients with prerenal AKI (22.2%; p <0.001), while death rates were higher but not significantly different from each other in those with HRS-AKI and ATN (49.0% vs. 52.7%; p = 0.42). Using prerenal AKI as a reference, the adjusted subdistribution hazard ratio (sHR) for 90-day mortality was higher for HRS-AKI (sHR 2.78; 95% CI 2.18-3.54; p <0.001) and ATN (sHR 2.83; 95% CI 2.36-3.41; p <0.001). In adjusted analysis, higher AKI stage and lack of complete response to treatment were associated with an increased risk of 90-day mortality (p <0.001 for all)., Conclusion: AKI is a severe complication of cirrhosis. HRS-AKI is uncommon and is associated with similar outcomes to ATN. The etiology of AKI, AKI stage/severity, and non-response to treatment were associated with mortality. Further optimization of vasoconstrictors for HRS-AKI and supportive therapies for ATN are needed., Impact and Implications: Acute kidney injury (AKI) in cirrhosis carries high morbidity, and management is determined by the etiology of injury. However, a large and well-adjudicated multicenter database from US centers that uses updated AKI definitions is lacking. Our findings demonstrate that acute tubular necrosis and hepatorenal syndrome have similar outcomes (∼50% mortality at 90 days), though hepatorenal syndrome is uncommon (12% of all AKI cases). These findings represent practice patterns at US transplant/tertiary centers and can be used as a baseline, presenting the situation prior to the adoption of terlipressin in the US., (Copyright © 2023 European Association for the Study of the Liver. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
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- 2023
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343. Human Tim8a, Tim8b and Tim13 are auxiliary assembly factors of mature Complex IV.
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Anderson AJ, Crameri JJ, Ang CS, Malcolm TR, Kang Y, Baker MJ, Palmer CS, Sharpe AJ, Formosa LE, Ganio K, Baker MJ, McDevitt CA, Ryan MT, Maher MJ, and Stojanovski D
- Subjects
- Humans, Electron Transport Complex IV genetics, Electron Transport Complex IV metabolism, Mitochondrial Precursor Protein Import Complex Proteins, Cyclooxygenase 2 analysis, Cyclooxygenase 2 metabolism, Mitochondrial Membranes metabolism, Saccharomyces cerevisiae genetics, Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolism, Mitochondrial Proteins metabolism, Mitochondrial Membrane Transport Proteins metabolism, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins genetics, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins metabolism
- Abstract
Human Tim8a and Tim8b are paralogous intermembrane space proteins of the small TIM chaperone family. Yeast small TIMs function in the trafficking of proteins to the outer and inner mitochondrial membranes. This putative import function for hTim8a and hTim8b has been challenged in human models, but their precise molecular function(s) remains undefined. Likewise, the necessity for human cells to encode two Tim8 proteins and whether any potential redundancy exists is unclear. We demonstrate that hTim8a and hTim8b function in the assembly of cytochrome c oxidase (Complex IV). Using affinity enrichment mass spectrometry, we define the interaction network of hTim8a, hTim8b and hTim13, identifying subunits and assembly factors of the Complex IV COX2 module. hTim8-deficient cells have a COX2 and COX3 module defect and exhibit an accumulation of the Complex IV S2 subcomplex. These data suggest that hTim8a and hTim8b function in assembly of Complex IV via interactions with intermediate-assembly subcomplexes. We propose that hTim8-hTim13 complexes are auxiliary assembly factors involved in the formation of the Complex IV S3 subcomplex during assembly of mature Complex IV., (© 2023 The Authors.)
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- 2023
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344. The Lymphatic System in Kidney Disease.
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Baker ML and Cantley LG
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- Humans, Lymphatic System physiology, Lymphangiogenesis, Lymph Nodes, Lymphatic Vessels metabolism, Acute Kidney Injury
- Abstract
The high-capacity vessels of the lymphatic system drain extravasated fluid and macromolecules from nearly every part of the body. However, far from merely a passive conduit for fluid removal, the lymphatic system also plays a critical and active role in immune surveillance and immune response modulation through the presentation of fluid, macromolecules, and trafficking immune cells to surveillance cells in regional draining lymph nodes before their return to the systemic circulation. The potential effect of this system in numerous disease states both within and outside of the kidney is increasingly being explored for their therapeutic potential. In the kidneys, the lymphatics play a critical role in both fluid and macromolecule removal to maintain oncotic and hydrostatic pressure gradients for normal kidney function, as well as in shaping kidney immunity, and potentially in balancing physiological pathways that promote healthy organ maintenance and responses to injury. In many states of kidney disease, including AKI, the demand on the preexisting lymphatic network increases for clearance of injury-related tissue edema and inflammatory infiltrates. Lymphangiogenesis, stimulated by macrophages, injured resident cells, and other drivers in kidney tissue, is highly prevalent in settings of AKI, CKD, and transplantation. Accumulating evidence points toward lymphangiogenesis being possibly harmful in AKI and kidney allograft rejection, which would potentially position lymphatics as another target for novel therapies to improve outcomes. However, the extent to which lymphangiogenesis is protective rather than maladaptive in the kidney in various settings remains poorly understood and thus an area of active research., (Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American Society of Nephrology.)
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- 2023
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345. The Importance of Sibling Relationships for Children in Foster Care.
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Shafi RMA, Pease ER, Romanowicz M, Baker M, Wakefield S, Morgan WS, and Dell ML
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- Child, Humans, United States, Siblings, Foster Home Care, Child Welfare, Sibling Relations, Child Abuse
- Abstract
There are approximately 500,000 children in the foster care system in the United States of America. With exposure to chronic and cumulative trauma, they constitute a population with an increased risk of developing mental health concerns and adverse outcomes in later life, including contact with the forensic system. Legislative frameworks that have been developed to facilitate improved outcomes are outlined, although these vary between states, and the focus is often on the parental relationship. Several studies have emphasized the importance of sibling relationships and that placing siblings in the same foster home is associated with higher rates of placement stability, reunification, adoption and guardianship, and fostering positive sibling relations. The multifaceted role of the clinician in promoting recovery from trauma, enhancing resiliency, and thoughtfully prescribing and advocating for familial relationships is discussed., (© 2023 American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law.)
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- 2023
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346. Personalised recommendations for hospitalised patients with Acute Kidney Injury using a Kidney Action Team (KAT-AKI): protocol and early data of a randomised controlled trial.
- Author
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Aklilu AM, O'Connor KD, Martin M, Yamamoto Y, Coronel-Moreno C, Shvets K, Jones C, Kadhim B, Corona-Villalobos CP, Baker ML, Tan J, Freeman N, Groener M, Menez S, Brown D, Culli SE, Lindsley J, Orias M, Parikh C, Smith A, Sundararajan A, and Wilson FP
- Subjects
- Humans, SARS-CoV-2, Renal Dialysis, Kidney, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Multicenter Studies as Topic, COVID-19, Acute Kidney Injury diagnosis, Acute Kidney Injury therapy
- Abstract
Introduction: Although studies have examined the utility of clinical decision support tools in improving acute kidney injury (AKI) outcomes, no study has evaluated the effect of real-time, personalised AKI recommendations. This study aims to assess the impact of individualised AKI-specific recommendations delivered by trained clinicians and pharmacists immediately after AKI detection in hospitalised patients., Methods and Analysis: KAT-AKI is a multicentre randomised investigator-blinded trial being conducted across eight hospitals at two major US hospital systems planning to enrol 4000 patients over 3 years (between 1 November 2021 and 1 November 2024). A real-time electronic AKI alert system informs a dedicated team composed of a physician and pharmacist who independently review the chart in real time, screen for eligibility and provide combined recommendations across the following domains: diagnostics, volume, potassium, acid-base and medications. Recommendations are delivered to the primary team in the alert arm or logged for future analysis in the usual care arm. The planned primary outcome is a composite of AKI progression, dialysis and mortality within 14 days from randomisation. A key secondary outcome is the percentage of recommendations implemented by the primary team within 24 hours from randomisation. The study has enrolled 500 individuals over 8.5 months. Two-thirds were on a medical floor at the time of the alert and 17.8% were in an intensive care unit. Virtually all participants were recommended for at least one diagnostic intervention. More than half (51.6%) had recommendations to discontinue or dose-adjust a medication. The median time from AKI alert to randomisation was 28 (IQR 15.8-51.5) min., Ethics and Dissemination: The study was approved by the ethics committee of each study site (Yale University and Johns Hopkins institutional review board (IRB) and a central IRB (BRANY, Biomedical Research Alliance of New York). We are committed to open dissemination of the data through clinicaltrials.gov and sharing of data on an open repository as well as publication in a peer-reviewed journal on completion., Trial Registration Number: NCT04040296., Competing Interests: Competing interests: FPW reports research funding unrelated to this project from AstraZeneca, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Vifor Pharma and Whoop, Inc. CP is a member of the advisory board of and owns equity in RenalytixAI. He also serves as a consultant for Genfit and Novartis. All other authors have no disclosures., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2023. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)
- Published
- 2023
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347. Patient-reported outcome measures for paediatric acute lower respiratory infection studies.
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Oakes DB, Baker MJ, McLeod C, Nattabi B, and Blyth CC
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Humans, Child, Child, Preschool, Canada, Quality of Life, Patient Reported Outcome Measures, Respiratory Tract Infections diagnosis, Respiratory Tract Infections therapy
- Abstract
Background: Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are recommended for capturing meaningful outcomes in clinical trials. The use of PROMs for children with acute lower respiratory infections (ALRIs) has not been systematically reported. We aimed to identify and characterise patient-reported outcomes and PROMs used in paediatric ALRI studies and summarise their measurement properties., Methods: Medline, Embase and Cochrane were searched (until April 2022). Studies that reported on patient-reported outcome (or measure) use or development and included subjects aged <18 years with ALRIs were included. Study, population and patient-reported outcome (or measure) characteristics were extracted., Results: Of 2793 articles identified, 18 met inclusion criteria, including 12 PROMs. Two disease-specific PROMs were used in settings in which they had been validated. The Canadian Acute Respiratory Illness and Flu Scale was the most frequently used disease-specific PROM (five studies). The EuroQol-Five Dimensions-Youth system was the most frequently used generic PROM (two studies). There was considerable heterogeneity in validation methods. The outcome measures identified in this review lack validation for young children and none involve sufficient content validity for use with First Nations children., Conclusions: There is an urgent need for PROM development that considers the populations in which the burden of ALRI predominates., Competing Interests: Conflict of interest: The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose., (Copyright ©The authors 2023.)
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- 2023
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348. A domain-agnostic approach for characterization of lifelong learning systems.
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Baker MM, New A, Aguilar-Simon M, Al-Halah Z, Arnold SMR, Ben-Iwhiwhu E, Brna AP, Brooks E, Brown RC, Daniels Z, Daram A, Delattre F, Dellana R, Eaton E, Fu H, Grauman K, Hostetler J, Iqbal S, Kent C, Ketz N, Kolouri S, Konidaris G, Kudithipudi D, Learned-Miller E, Lee S, Littman ML, Madireddy S, Mendez JA, Nguyen EQ, Piatko C, Pilly PK, Raghavan A, Rahman A, Ramakrishnan SK, Ratzlaff N, Soltoggio A, Stone P, Sur I, Tang Z, Tiwari S, Vedder K, Wang F, Xu Z, Yanguas-Gil A, Yedidsion H, Yu S, and Vallabha GK
- Subjects
- Education, Continuing, Machine Learning
- Abstract
Despite the advancement of machine learning techniques in recent years, state-of-the-art systems lack robustness to "real world" events, where the input distributions and tasks encountered by the deployed systems will not be limited to the original training context, and systems will instead need to adapt to novel distributions and tasks while deployed. This critical gap may be addressed through the development of "Lifelong Learning" systems that are capable of (1) Continuous Learning, (2) Transfer and Adaptation, and (3) Scalability. Unfortunately, efforts to improve these capabilities are typically treated as distinct areas of research that are assessed independently, without regard to the impact of each separate capability on other aspects of the system. We instead propose a holistic approach, using a suite of metrics and an evaluation framework to assess Lifelong Learning in a principled way that is agnostic to specific domains or system techniques. Through five case studies, we show that this suite of metrics can inform the development of varied and complex Lifelong Learning systems. We highlight how the proposed suite of metrics quantifies performance trade-offs present during Lifelong Learning system development - both the widely discussed Stability-Plasticity dilemma and the newly proposed relationship between Sample Efficient and Robust Learning. Further, we make recommendations for the formulation and use of metrics to guide the continuing development of Lifelong Learning systems and assess their progress in the future., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Aswin Nadamuni Raghavan has patent #US16/825,953 pending to SRI International Inc. Mario Aguilar-Simon, Andrew Brna, Ryan Brown has patent #US20200334579A1 pending to Teledyne Scientific & Imaging, LLC. Nicholas Ketz, Neale Ratzlaf, and Praveen Pilly have patents pending to HRL Laboratories, LLC., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
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- 2023
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349. Mitochondrial biology and dysfunction in secondary mitochondrial disease.
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Baker MJ, Crameri JJ, Thorburn DR, Frazier AE, and Stojanovski D
- Subjects
- Humans, Mitochondrial Diseases genetics
- Abstract
Mitochondrial diseases are a broad, genetically heterogeneous class of metabolic disorders characterized by deficits in oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Primary mitochondrial disease (PMD) defines pathologies resulting from mutation of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) or nuclear genes affecting either mtDNA expression or the biogenesis and function of the respiratory chain. Secondary mitochondrial disease (SMD) arises due to mutation of nuclear-encoded genes independent of, or indirectly influencing OXPHOS assembly and operation. Despite instances of novel SMD increasing year-on-year, PMD is much more widely discussed in the literature. Indeed, since the implementation of next generation sequencing (NGS) techniques in 2010, many novel mitochondrial disease genes have been identified, approximately half of which are linked to SMD. This review will consolidate existing knowledge of SMDs and outline discrete categories within which to better understand the diversity of SMD phenotypes. By providing context to the biochemical and molecular pathways perturbed in SMD, we hope to further demonstrate the intricacies of SMD pathologies outside of their indirect contribution to mitochondrial energy generation.
- Published
- 2022
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350. Premature Ovarian Insufficiency in CLPB Deficiency: Transcriptomic, Proteomic and Phenotypic Insights.
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Tucker EJ, Baker MJ, Hock DH, Warren JT, Jaillard S, Bell KM, Sreenivasan R, Bakhshalizadeh S, Hanna CA, Caruana NJ, Wortmann SB, Rahman S, Pitceathly RDS, Donadieu J, Alimi A, Launay V, Coppo P, Christin-Maitre S, Robevska G, van den Bergen J, Kline BL, Ayers KL, Stewart PN, Stroud DA, Stojanovski D, and Sinclair AH
- Subjects
- Female, Humans, Endopeptidase Clp genetics, Endopeptidase Clp metabolism, Transcriptome, Proteomics, Phenotype, Primary Ovarian Insufficiency genetics, Menopause, Premature, Cataract genetics, Neutropenia
- Abstract
Context: Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a common form of female infertility that usually presents as an isolated condition but can be part of various genetic syndromes. Early diagnosis and treatment of POI can minimize comorbidity and improve health outcomes., Objective: We aimed to determine the genetic cause of syndromic POI, intellectual disability, neutropenia, and cataracts., Methods: We performed whole-exome sequencing (WES) followed by functional validation via RT-PCR, RNAseq, and quantitative proteomics, as well as clinical update of previously reported patients with variants in the caseinolytic peptidase B (CLPB) gene., Results: We identified causative variants in CLPB, encoding a mitochondrial disaggregase. Variants in this gene are known to cause an autosomal recessive syndrome involving 3-methylglutaconic aciduria, neurological dysfunction, cataracts, and neutropenia that is often fatal in childhood; however, there is likely a reporting bias toward severe cases. Using RNAseq and quantitative proteomics we validated causation and gained insight into genotype:phenotype correlation. Clinical follow-up of patients with CLPB deficiency who survived to adulthood identified POI and infertility as a common postpubertal ailment., Conclusion: A novel splicing variant is associated with CLPB deficiency in an individual who survived to adulthood. POI is a common feature of postpubertal female individuals with CLPB deficiency. Patients with CLPB deficiency should be referred to pediatric gynecologists/endocrinologists for prompt POI diagnosis and hormone replacement therapy to minimize associated comorbidities., (© The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Endocrine Society.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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