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Objective: Migraine is one of the most common debilitating diseases characterized by pulsating headaches continued from a few hours to several days, accompanied by nausea, vomiting, sensitivity to light and sound. There have been claims of a relationship between migraine headaches and refractive errors and binocular vision anomalies. In this study, we aimed to evaluate optometric and ortoptic findings in patients with migraine headache and to compare with healthy subjects. Methods: This study includes 58 patients with migraine and 50 healthy subjects. Asthenopic symptoms, fotofobia, and visual symptoms of the patients were noted. Detailed ophthalmological examinations were performed containing spherical refractive error, astigmatic refractive error, spherical equivalent (SE), best-corrected visual acuity, slit lamp biomicroscopy, fundus examination. Also, ortoptic examination was performed icluding ocular motility, fusional reserves, and stereopis measurements. Results: Myopia and astigmatism were more frequent in migraine patients and near fusional convergence amlitudes were lower when compared with the control subjects (p=0.020, p=0.019, p=0.00 respectively). Conclusion: This study suggests that refractive errors and insufficiency of fusional mechanisms may make a negative contribution to migraine headache. Therefore, people who experience migraine headaches should have opthalmological examinations regularly to ensure that their refractive errors and ortoptic abnormalities are appropriately managed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate treatment outcomes in unilateral childhood cataracts. Material and methods: Records of 21 patients with unilateral congenital or juvenile cataracts who were operated in Gazi University Hospital between 2010 and 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. Anterior capsulotomy, lens aspiration, posterior capsulotomy and anterior vitrectomy were performed. Primary intraocular lens (IOL) implantation was performed in cases older than 1 year of age. Secondary IOL implantation was performed after 2 years of age in those who left aphakic. Visual acuity, intraocular pressure, refraction error, compliance with amblyopia treatment and complications were evaluated. Results: The mean follow-up was 43 (6-108) months. The mean age at the time of surgery was 5 (1-10) months for the 14 cases with congenital onset and 4 (1.5-15) years for the 7 cases with juvenile onset. Six of the 14 patients who left aphakic under one year of age underwent secondary IOL implantation at an average of 35 month. The final VA was 0.64logMAR in the congenital group and 0.19logMAR in the juvenile group (p=0.02). 28.6% of congenital cases were operated in the first 6 weeks of life. Surgery in the first 6 weeks provided better visual outcome than did late surgery (=6 weeks=0.30logMAR,> 6 weeks=0.77logMAR, p=0.012). The most common complication was deprivation-induced strabismus (29%). PCO was not seen in any of the patients. Glaucoma was observed in one case. Conclusion: Good visual results can be obtained with early surgery and effective amblyopia treatment in unilateral childhood cataracts. Families should be well informed, and amblyopia treatment and regular follow-up examinations should be started promptly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Phakomatosis pigmentovascularis (PPV) is a group of diseases that defined as the coexistence of vascularized and pigmented nevi. Patients with PPV often have ophthalmic abnormalities including ocular melanocytosis, goniodysgenesis, congenital glaucoma and choroidal melanoma. In this report, ophthalmic involvements of PPV and our approach to a PPV case with congenital glaucoma and ocular melanocytosis is being discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Medical Journal of Bakirkoy is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A response from the authors' of the article "Long-term results after primary intraocular lens implantation in children operated less than 2 years of age for congenital cataract" in a 2014 issue of the journal is presented.

Trabeculotomy is a Schlemm canal surgery to reduce the juxtacanalicular resistance between the trabecular meshwork and Schlemm channel which plays a major role in the pathophysiology of primary open angle glaucoma. To overcome the complications of standard trabeculectomy such as hypotony and late onset bleb related problems, alternative glaucoma surgeries have been performed. Among these the trabeculotomy has increasingly become popular. The effectiveness of trabeculotomy is well known in pediatric and congenital glaucomas. In recent years, the reports for suture and microcatheter 360 degree circumferential trabeculotomy increased its application for the treatment of adult glaucoma. Classically the trabeculotomy is performed ab externo however; it can also be performed ab interno, by clear corneal incision. Both ab externo and interno approaches can be performed combined with phacoemulsification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To assess the clinical and genetic characteristics of children diagnosed with retinoblastoma (RB) at Gazi University Faculty of Medicine's Department of Pediatric Oncology., Methods: All cases diagnosed with RB and received treatment and follow-up in the Ophthalmology and Pediatric Oncology Department, October 2016 to May 2021 were evaluated retrospectively. The RB1 gene was analyzed by next-generation sequencing (NGS) technique in DNAs obtained from peripheral blood samples of the patients., Results: This study included 53 cases with 67 RB-affected eyes during the study period. The mean age was 24.6 (median: 18.5, range: 3-151)mo. There were 15 (22.3%) Group D eyes and 39 (58.2%) Group E eyes. The RB1 gene was sequenced by the NGS method in 19 patients. Heterozygous RB1:NM_000321.3: c.54_76del (p.Glu19AlafsTer4) variant was detected in a 15-month-old female with bilateral RB. Heterozygous RB1:NM_000321.3: c.1814+3A>T variant was detected in a 5.5-month-old male with bilateral RB. The intronic RB1:NM_000321.3: c.1332+4A>G variant was detected in patient 14, a 13-month-old male with unilateral RB. The RB1:NM_000321.3: c.575_576del (p.Lys192SerfsTer10) variant was found in an 18-month-old female with an allele frequency of 37%. These variants have not been reported in the literature and mutation databases., Conclusion: Four novel variants are described and one of them is found in two different patients. This data is crucial for assessing prognosis. It serves as a guide for estimating the long-term risk of secondary malignancy as well as the short-term risk of developing additional malignancies in the same eye and the other eye., (International Journal of Ophthalmology Press.)

Background/aim: To compare the clinical use, image quality and viewing angle of a commonly used contact wide angle viewing (WAV) system (Advanced Visual Instruments (AVI) Panoramic Imaging Systems, NY, USA) with a commonly used noncontact WAV system (Leica RUV800, Leica Microsystems, Switzerland)., Materials and Methods: Images of 42 consecutively operated eyes were obtained with both systems at the same surgical stages and were compared for image quality using the Imatest Master 4.5.13 (Imatest LLC, Boulder, USA) software. The viewing angles of the images were calculated using the optic disc sizes measured from the OCT and infrared fundus images. The 68-degree AVI lens was compared with the 90-dioptre (D) Leica RUV800 lens, while the 130-degree AVI lens was compared with the 132-D Leica RUV800 lens. The surgical assistants were asked to grade the difficulty of holding the lens in place from 1 to 10, 1 being the easiest and 10 being the most difficult., Results: The contact system provided wider viewing angles with higher quality compared to the noncontact system both under fluid and air media. The difference was clinically significant in eyes with impaired corneal clarity, very high myopia, or small pupil. The difficulty of holding the lens in place ranged from 4 to 7, and decreased gradually with practice., Conclusions: Both WAV systems provided high image quality and adequate viewing angles in most cases. However, the contact system appeared to provide a superior image quality and/or a wider viewing angle in more challenging situations. The difficulty of holding the contact lens in place was found to be moderate., Competing Interests: The authors report no conflict of interest, or any financial interest in any of the materials and methods used or described, (This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.)