Search

Additional file 1: Search strategy/ Summary of recommendations and Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Checklist.

Additional file 1. Prevalence of articular, pulmonary, and renal manifestations: Descriptive summary of the studies.

CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior A Geometria Fractal consiste no estudo de formas estabelecidas por processos recursivos simples ou complexos que tomam alta complexidade para número suficientemente grande de iterações. Assim denominada no século XX pelo matemático Benoit Mandelbrot, apresenta propriedades peculiares, sendo a dimensão fractal sua principal característica. No caso dos fractais, sua dimensão assume valores não inteiros, diferente das dimensões euclidiana e topológica. Isso se deve pela irregularidade ocupada por um fractal no espaço métrico que está inserido. Para calcular a dimensão fractal lançamos mão de conceitos de topologia para caracterizar um espaço métrico completo e verificar sua validade para o Espaço de Hausdorff, no qual podemos calcular a dimensão de Hausdorff e utilizar o método Box-Counting. Por fim, buscamos apresentar de forma intuitiva tal conceito para alunos dos anos finais do Ensino Fundamental através de sugestão de atividades que relacionem os fractais `a habilidades de matemática de seu ciclo de estudo, estimulando atividades de medidas, construções com uso de material concreto, investigações e generalizações algébricas. Fractal geometry consists in the study of shapes established by simple or complex re cursive processes that take on high complexity for a sufficiently large number of iterations. So named in the 20th century by mathematician Benoit Mandelbrot, it presents peculiar properties, being the fractal dimension its main characteristic. In the case of fractals, their dimension assumes non-integer values, unlike the Euclidean and topological dimensions. This is due to the irregularity occupied by a fractal in the metric space where it is inserted. To calculate the fractal dimension, we use concepts of topology to characterize a complete metric space and verify its validity for the Hausdorff Space, in which we can calculate the Hausdorff dimension and use the Box-Counting method. Finally, we try to intuitively present this concept to students in the final years of elementary school through suggested activities that relate fractals to the mathematical skills of their study cycle, stimulating concrete measurement activities, constructions using concrete materials, investigations and algebraic generalizations. Dissertação (Mestrado)

Objective: This study aims to identify patterns of consumption and taste in the cultural field of music.Method: A quantitative approach was used: 1,168 people were consulted through semistructured questionnaires. The questionnaires were distributed in three cities: Belo Horizonte, Juiz de Fora and Lavras. The data were subjected to Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA).Relevance/Originality: Understanding the mechanics and social consequences of status consumption has been the focus of rich theoretical debate. But researchers have pointed out the need for further research, because empirical data is drawn almost exclusively from European countries or the United States. So, this study can help address part of the theoretical gap and generate data to understanding the patterns of musical taste and consumption in a developing country.Main results: MCA confirmed that a sharp division exists between taste for culturally legitimated and popular musical genres, that are tied especially to differences in education and cultural capital. Only 4.5% of the respondents were classified as omnivores. Thus, it is argued that although many scholars find evidence of the cultural omnivore theory, the differences in musical taste found in this study are better explained by homology and snobbish taste.Theoretical/Methodological Contributions: Information can be valuable for academics to deepen their studies or elaborate new research questions, allowing also to make comparisons between different regions or different time lapse. This study, also, generates insights for the refinement of analyzes and classifications referring to cultural capital and cultural omnivore. Objetivo: Este estudo tem por objetivo identificar padrões de consumo e de gosto no campo cultural da música no Brasil e caracterizar a influência de variáveis sociodemográficas.Método: Foi utilizada a abordagem quantitativa: 1.168 pessoas foram consultadas por meio da aplicação de questionários semiestruturados em três cidades do estado de Minas Gerais: Belo Horizonte, Juiz de Fora e Lavras. Para análise dos dados, foi utilizada a Análise de Correspondência Múltipla (MCA).Relevância/Originalidade: O entendimento dos mecanismos e das consequências sociais do consumo de status tem sido o centro de um rico debate teórico. No entanto, estudiosos tem apontado a necessidade de mais pesquisas, visto que os dados empíricos são extraídos quase que exclusivamente em países europeus ou nos Estados Unidos. Portanto, este estudo pode contribuir ao suprir parte da lacuna teórica e gerar dados para a compreensão dos padrões de gosto e consumo musical em um país em desenvolvimento.Principais Resultados: A MCA confirmou a existência de uma acentuada divisão entre o gosto por gêneros musicais culturalmente legitimados e gêneros musicais populares, sendo essas diferenças operadas, especialmente, pela escolaridade e capital cultural dos indivíduos. Apenas 4,5% dos respondentes foram classificados como onívoros. Desta forma, defende-se que, embora muitos estudiosos encontrem evidências da teoria do onívoro cultural, é por meio da homologia e do gosto esnobe que as diferenças de gosto musicais, no contexto estudado, são melhor explicadas.Contribuições Teóricas/Metodológicas: As informações podem ser valiosas para os acadêmicos aprofundarem seus estudos ou elaborarem novas questões de pesquisa, abrindo espaço também para a comparação entre diferentes regiões e países. Este estudo também gera insights para o refinamento de análises e classificações referentes aos conceitos de capital cultural e ao onívoro cultural, e aponta para o papel central do consumo de status nos gostos musicais no contexto brasileiro.

Brazil experienced a large dengue virus (DENV) epidemic in 2019, highlighting a continuous struggle with effective control and public health preparedness. Using Oxford Nanopore sequencing, we led field and classroom initiatives for the monitoring of DENV in Brazil, generating 227 novel genome sequences of DENV1-2 from 85 municipalities (2015–2019). This equated to an over 50% increase in the number of DENV genomes from Brazil available in public databases. Using both phylogenetic and epidemiological models we retrospectively reconstructed the recent transmission history of DENV1-2. Phylogenetic analysis revealed complex patterns of transmission, with both lineage co-circulation and replacement. We identified two lineages within the DENV2 BR-4 clade, for which we estimated the effective reproduction number and pattern of seasonality. Overall, the surveillance outputs and training initiative described here serve as a proof-of-concept for the utility of real-time portable sequencing for research and local capacity building in the genomic surveillance of emerging viruses., Here, the authors present results of the ZiBRA-2 project (https://www.zibra2project.org) which is an arbovirus surveillance project, across the Midwest of Brazil using a mobile genomics laboratory, combined with a genomic surveillance training program that targeted post-graduate students, laboratory technicians, and health practitioners in universities and laboratories.

A successful mushroom enrichment process must produce foods that have compounds potentially absorbed by the human body. In this study, Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus djamor mushrooms were grown on organic substrate supplemented with different Se(IV) and Se(VI) concentrations, and evaluated in the following features: Fruiting bodies morphology; Se uptake and accumulation; Distribution of proteins and protein-bound Se; Se species identification on enzymatic extracts; Se bioaccessibility; and Distribution of bioaccessible protein-bound Se. Pleurotus djamor grown on Se(IV)-supplemented substrate showed the greatest potential to uptake and accumulate Se. For Se species screening, selenomethionine was identified in white oyster mushroom, while selenomethionine, selenocystine, and Se-methylselenocysteine in pink oyster mushrooms. In soluble fractions from in vitro gastrointestinal digestion assays, Se showed high bioaccessibility (94%). Lastly, bioaccessible Se species were found to be mainly associated to LMW (17 kDa) in Pleurotus ostreatus (74%) and Pleurotus djamor (68%) grown on Se(IV)-supplemented substrates.

Submitted by Aline Pereira Ramirez Barbosa (aline.ramirez-barbosa@unesp.br) on 2021-12-18T19:46:13Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE_ALINE PEREIRA RAMIREZ BARBOSA.pdf: 2041417 bytes, checksum: 88dc7748e2026229bccbad649de7f5bb (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Celia Silva Cruz Morales (celia.morales@unesp.br) on 2021-12-20T12:02:58Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 barbosa_apr_dr_bauru.pdf: 2041417 bytes, checksum: 88dc7748e2026229bccbad649de7f5bb (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2021-12-20T12:02:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 barbosa_apr_dr_bauru.pdf: 2041417 bytes, checksum: 88dc7748e2026229bccbad649de7f5bb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2021-10-26 Pesquisas referentes à formação do pedagogo para o ensino de Matemática nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental indicam que esses professores apresentam dificuldades formativas com estes conteúdos. Tais profissionais, denominados polivalentes, recebem habilitação para lecionarem todos os conteúdos, cabendo ao curso de Pedagogia o desafio de oferecer conhecimentos teóricos e metodológicos visando a superação das lacunas conceituais que permaneceram de outros níveis de ensino. Esta investigação objetivou relacionar a composição curricular das disciplinas que abrangem conteúdos matemáticos (teóricos e/ou metodológicos) em dois cursos de Pedagogia distintos, visando compreender o contexto formativo em relação ao ensino de Matemática. A questão que guiou a investigação foi: Quais fatores presentes no contexto formativo dos cursos de Pedagogia e de seus formadores, em relação ao ensino de Matemática, se refletem nas concepções de ensino deste conteúdo e nas futuras práticas educativas dos formandos? Participaram dessa pesquisa três docentes universitários e 42 alunos concluintes de cursos de Pedagogia no ano de 2019, de uma instituição privada e outra pública, de uma mesma cidade. Os dados foram constituídos a partir de entrevistas semiestruturada, gravadas em áudio e com falas transcritas (docentes), e utilização de um questionário aplicado presencialmente (alunos), além da análise documental, numa perspectiva qualiquantitativa. Para análise dos dados, adotou-se a técnica do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo-DSC, (LEFEVRE, LEFEVRE, 2005, 2012), baseada nos princípios da Teoria das Representações Sociais, proposta por Moscovici. Os resultados indicaram que os princípios formativos das instituições somados aos perfis e contextos dos docentes influenciaram nas escolhas teórico-metodológicas utilizadas pelos mesmos, bem como na maneira como buscam superar os desafios relacionados à aprendizagem dos graduandos em Pedagogia em relação aos conteúdos matemáticos. Quanto às expectativas dos formandos em relação ao ensino desse conteúdo nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental, um percentual muito reduzido se declarou apto; há a constatação que se sentem parcialmente preparados e/ou conscientes da necessidade de aprimorar estudos visando superar as dificuldades formativas e também é grande o percentual daqueles concluintes que não se consideram confiantes para ensinar os conteúdos matemáticos. A principal justificativa para essa última constatação é o fato de as formações em Matemática terem sido desenvolvidas em um espaço de tempo muito reduzido, ou por não gostarem da disciplina (impactaram nessas opiniões fatores como relações professor x aluno e ensino tradicional). Os concluintes também indicaram a necessidade de ampliação de estudos sobre vários componentes da Matemática, com uma discreta prevalência aos relacionados ao tema de Probabilidade e Estatística em cursos de formação continuada, bem como indicaram como positiva a formulação de disciplinas na graduação que revisassem todos os conceitos matemáticos e trabalhassem com metodologias diferentes ao ensino tradicional, envolvendo a ludicidade, uso de jogos e tecnologias digitais. Assim, observou-se que mesmo com a conclusão do curso, ainda restaram dificuldades conceituais e metodológicas que os futuros pedagogos almejavam aprimorar, suscitando possibilidades e reflexões pertinentes a compreensão e modificação desse contexto. Research regarding the pedagogue’s formation for Mathematics teaching in the early years of basic education indicates that these teachers have training difficulties with such contents. These professionals, called polyvalent, receive qualification to teach all contents, delegating to the Pedagogy course the challenge of offering theoretical and methodological knowledge to overcome the conceptual gaps that remained from other levels of education. This investigation goal was to relate the curricular composition of subjects that cover mathematical content (theoretical and/or methodological) we found in two distinct Pedagogy courses, seeking to understand the formative context in relation to the mathematics teaching. The research was guided by the following question: What factors, related to the mathematics teaching, which are present in the formative context of Pedagogy courses and their professors reflected in the teaching conceptions of this content and in the future educational practices of the undergraduates? The research participants were three professors and 42 undergraduate Pedagogy students who concluded their courses in 2019, from a private and a public institution, both located at the same city. A qualitative and quantitative approach was adopted. The data were constituted from semi-structured interviews which were recorded in audio and these audios were latter transcribed (professors), and we also used a questionnaire applied in person (students), in addition to documental analysis. For data analysis, the Collective Subject Discourse-CSD technique was adopted (LEFEVRE, LEFEVRE, 2005, 2012), based on the principles of the Social Representations Theory, proposed by Moscovici. The results indicated that the institutions educational principles, added to the professors’ profiles and contexts, influenced the theoretical-methodological choices used by them, as well as the way they sought to overcome the challenges related to the learning of Pedagogy undergraduates in relation to mathematical content. Concerning the expectations of the undergraduate students in relation to their teaching in the early years of basic education, a very small percentage declared themselves fit; there is the remark that they feel partially prepared and/or aware they need further studies in order to overcome the training difficulties/gaps, and the percentage of undergraduates who do not consider themselves confident to teach the mathematical content is also large. The main justification for this last result is the fact that Mathematics training was developed in a very short period, or because they did not like the subject (factors such as teacher-student relations and traditional teaching method impacted on these opinions). The undergraduates also indicated the need to increase the number of mathematics components studied in continuing formation courses with a minor prevalence of those related to the topic of Probability and Statistics, along with it they indicated as positive the formulation of undergraduate disciplines that review all mathematical concepts, and work with alternative teaching methodologies different from the traditional, involving the ludic, the use of games and of digital technologies. Therefore, it was observed that even with the course completion, there were still conceptual and methodological gaps that future pedagogues meant to improve, raising relevant possibilities and reflections to the understanding and modification of this context.

The drastic loss of biodiversity has alarmed the public and raised sociopolitical demand for chemical pesticide-free plant production, which is now treated by governments worldwide as a top priority. Given this global challenge, RNAi-based technologies are rapidly evolving as a promising substitute to conventional chemical pesticides. Primarily, genetically modified (GM) crops expressing double-stranded (ds)RNA-mediating gene silencing of foreign transcripts have been developed. However, since the cultivation of GM RNAi crops is viewed negatively in numerous countries, GM-free exogenous RNA spray applications attract tremendous scientific and political interest. The sudden rise in demand for pesticide alternatives has boosted research on sprayable RNA biopesticides, generating significant technological developments and advancing the potential for field applications in the near future. Here we review the latest advances that could pave the way for a quick lab-to-field transition for RNA sprays, which, as safe, selective, broadly applicable, and cost-effective biopesticides, represent an innovation in sustainable crop production. Given these latest advances, we further discuss technological limitations, knowledge gaps in the research, safety concerns and regulatory requirements that need to be considered and addressed before RNA sprays can become a reliable and realistic agricultural approach.

Background COVID-19, SARS and MERS are diseases that present an important health burden worldwide. This situation demands resource allocation to the healthcare system, affecting especially middle- and low-income countries. Thus, identifying the main cost drivers is relevant to optimize patient care and resource allocation. Objective To systematically identify and summarize the current status of knowledge on direct medical hospitalization costs of SARS, MERS, or COVID-19 in Upper-Middle-Income Countries. Methods We conducted a systematic review across seven key databases (PubMed, EMBASE, BVS Portal, CINAHL, CRD library, MedRxiv and Research Square) from database inception to February 2021. Costs extracted were converted into 2021 International Dollars using the Purchasing Power Parity-adjusted. The assessment of quality was based on the protocol by the BMJ and CHEERS. PROSPERO 2020: CRD42020225757. Results No eligible study about SARS or MERS was recovered. For COVID-19, five studies presented cost analysis performed in Brazil, China, Iran, and Turkey. Regarding total direct medical costs, the lowest cost per patient at ward was observed in Turkey ($900.08), while the highest in Brazil ($5,093.38). At ICU, the lowest was in Turkey ($2,984.78), while the highest was in China ($52,432.87). Service care was the most expressive (58% to 88%) cost driver of COVID-19 patients at ward. At ICU, there was no consensus between service care (54% to 87%) and treatment (72% to 81%) as key burdens of total cost. Conclusion Our findings elucidate the importance of COVID-19 on health-economic outcomes. The marked heterogeneity among studies leaded to substantially different results and made challenging the comparison of data to estimate pooled results for single countries or regions. Further studies concerning cost estimates from standardized analysis may provide clearer data for a more substantial analysis. This may help care providers and policy makers to organize care for patients in the most efficient way.

PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR PROGRAMA DE SUPORTE À PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO DE INSTITUIÇÕES COMUNITÁRIAS DE ENSINO PARTICULARES O presente trabalho tem como questão central a representação social dos jovens das favelas cariocas a partir do Estudo de Caso do Projeto Favelagrafia, formado por nove fotógrafos, moradores de nove diferentes favelas do Rio de Janeiro, buscando compreender como as imagens midiáticas carregam sentidos e criam realidades a respeito desses jovens. Para tanto, o trabalho parte de uma revisão bibliográfica que retoma a história da formação das favelas cariocas como produto do processo de estratificação espacial da Cidade, acompanhado pela construção social da favela como o lugar do outro, definida pelo o que ela não é ou não tem: espaço do caos, da ausência e do perigo. Tal percepção do senso comum a respeito das favelas, estendida também a seus jovens moradores, será analisada a partir de uma pesquisa quantitativa exploratória com integrantes das camadas médias urbanas. Em seguida, a reflexão sobre as representações midiáticas que reforçam estereótipos será feita por meio de resultados da busca de imagens no Google, analisados à luz das ideias de representação, estereotipagem, diferença e poder. Por fim, a partir de entrevistas em profundidade com os integrantes do Projeto Favelagrafia, serão analisadas quarenta fotografias por eles produzidas, bem como suas visões sobre cidade, favela e jovens das favelas. O trabalho se encerra com a proposta de reflexão sobre uma outra possibilidade de representação social dos jovens das favelas cariocas a partir do Projeto Favelagrafia, privilegiando o olhar da potência e das múltiplas juventudes que ali podem ser encontradas. This Master thesis approaches the social representation of the youth groups in the favelas (slums) from the Case Study of the Project Favelagrafia, which is formed by nine photographers who live in nine different favelas in Rio de Janeiro. It intends to understand how the media images carry meanings and create realities about these young people. Therefore, the study starts with a bibliographical review that takes back the history of the formation of the favelas as a product of the space social stratification in the city, followed by the social construct of the favela as a place of the other, defined by what it is not or it doesn t have: space of the chaos, the lack and the danger. Such perception of the common sense about the favelas, also extended to its young dwellers, is analysed firstly from an exploratory quantitative survey with the members of urban average layers. Also, the paper reflects on the media representations that reinforce stereotypes, using as a method the image search results on Google, analysed from the ideas around representation, stereotyping, difference and power. Finally, from the in-depth interviews with the participants of the Project Favelagrafia, forty photographs produced by them and their views about city, favela and young people in the favela are analysed. The thesis ends with an invitation to reflect about another social representation of the youth in the favelas from the focus of the Project Favelagrafia, favouring the look of the power and multiples youths that can be found there.

Resumo Avaliou-se a dinâmica do componente arbóreo e regenerante em uma floresta nebular, na região do Planalto Sul Catarinense, com o objetivo de se conhecer o processo de desenvolvimento da vegetação ao longo do tempo. Para isso, foram instaladas parcelas permanentes onde foram caracterizados os componentes adulto e regenerante, respectivamente, nos anos de 2011 e 2013. Todas as espécies amostradas foram classificadas quanto à guilda de regeneração em pioneiras, climácicas exigentes em luz e climácicas tolerantes ao sombreamemto. No ano de 2015, foi realizado o segundo inventário dos componentes vegetacionais, sendo determinado o crescimento dos sobreviventes (somente adultos) e contabilizados os indivíduos recrutados e mortos. Para cada uma das populações, foram determinadas as taxas de mudança líquida em número de indivíduos (adultos e regenerantes) e em área basal (adultos). Foram realizados testes de proporções para verificar se a representatividade das diferentes guildas de regeneração se alterou entre os anos avaliados. Os resultados indicaram que a floresta se encontra em um processo de estruturação, caracterizado pelo ganho em número de indivíduos e em área basal. Por outro lado, observou-se estabilidade na riqueza e na representatividade das guildas de regeneração, com destaque para a maior participação de espécies classificadas como clímax exigentes em luz. Conclui-se que a floresta avaliada se encontra em estruturação, com o favorecimento da regeneração de espécies exigentes em luz. Abstract The dynamics of adult and regenerative tree species components was assessed in a cloud forest in the South Plateau of Santa Catarina state, southern Brazil, seeking a better understanding of the process of vegetation development. To this end, permanent sampling plots were allocated, where the adult and regenerative components were characterized, respectively, in 2011 and 2013. All surveyed species were classified according to regeneration guilds into pioneer, light-demanding climax, and shade-tolerant climax. In 2015, a second tree species component survey was conducted to determine the growth of surviving individuals (adults) and count the recruited and dead individuals. For each population, the net change rates for individuals (adults and regenerative) and basal area (only adults) were determined. Proportion tests were conducted to verify whether representativeness of the regeneration guilds changed over the study period. The results showed that the forest investigated is undergoing a structuring process characterized by gains in number of individuals and basal area. In contrast, stability in species richness and representativeness of regeneration guilds was verified, with highlight for light-demanding climax species. In conclusion, the assessed forest is undergoing a structuring phase that favors the regeneration of light-demanding species.

SUMMARY The aim of this rapid systematic review is to analyze the prevalence of clinical, socioeconomic, and demographic characteristics, laboratory and imaging findings, diagnostic tests, and treatment information of older adults with COVID-19. To conduct this systematic review, the Cochrane Handbook recommendations will be followed. Patients aged 60 years or older with a confirmed diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection will be included. A comprehensive literature search will be performed in the following databases: MEDLINE via PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS), Spanish Bibliographic Index on Health Sciences (IBECS) and Epistemonikos COVID-19 L·OVE platform. No language restrictions will be applied. To assess the methodological quality of the included studies and the certainty of the evidence, the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach will be used. The meta-analysis will be performed using R software. We believe this rapid systematic review will be able to summarize the currently available evidence on clinical, socioeconomic characteristics, and management of COVID-19 in older adults. Therefore, it will help implement adequate strategies to fight the pandemic and assist in understanding the clinical profile of older patients with COVID-19, providing data with due scientific support upon which to base future choices of procedures and interventions. RESUMO O objetivo desta rápida revisão sistemática é analisar a prevalência de características clínicas, socioeconômicas e demográficas, achados laboratoriais e de imagem, testes de diagnóstico e informações de tratamento de idosos com COVID-19. Para conduzir esta revisão sistemática, serão seguidas as recomendações do Manual Cochrane. Pacientes com 60 anos ou mais com diagnóstico confirmado de infecção por Sars-CoV-2 serão incluídos. Uma pesquisa bibliográfica abrangente será realizada nas seguintes bases de dados: Medline via PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (Central), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (Lilacs), Índice Bibliográfico Espanhol em Ciências da Saúde (Ibecs) e Epistemonikos Plataforma COVID-19 L · OVE. Nenhuma restrição de idioma será aplicada. Para avaliar a qualidade metodológica e a certeza das evidências dos estudos incluídos, serão utilizadas a Escala Newcastle-Ottawa e a abordagem Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (Grade). A meta-análise será realizada no software R. Acreditamos que esta revisão sistemática rápida será capaz de resumir as evidências atualmente disponíveis sobre as características clínicas, socioeconômicas e sobre o manejo de idosos com COVID-19. Portanto, ajudará a implementar estratégias adequadas para combater a pandemia e ajudará a entender o perfil clínico de pacientes idosos com COVID-19, fornecendo dados com o devido apoio científico sobre o qual basear futuras escolhas de procedimentos e intervenções.

Objetivo. O objetivo do estudo é relatar um caso de Síndrome de Guillain-Barré (SGB). Método. Paciente do sexo masculino, 20 anos, deu entrada na emergência com quadro de diarreia mucopurulenta, na qual rapidamente progrediu com alteração da sensibilidade dos membros inferiores. Resultados. No decorrer de cinco dias, a parestesia progrediu para membros superiores e tronco, somada a perda de força (grau 2) e disfasia. Diante disso, foi iniciado tratamento empírico com Plasmaférese, com boa resposta terapêutica. Conclusão. A partir dos exames complementares e história clínica do relato concluímos se tratar de um caso de SGB com evolução clássica, entretanto, desencadeado após infecção bacteriana no trato gastrointestinal.

A alergia alimentar é o nome dado para as reações adversas aos alimentos que circundam mecanismos imunológicos, ocasionando então uma gama de manifestações clínicas. Aproximadamente 6% das crianças com idade inferior a 3 anos, e cerca de 4% dos adultos apresentam desordens alérgicas causadas por alimentos. A alergia alimentar ao trigo (AAT) ocorre quando o sistema imunológico do organismo se torna sensível e reage a qualquer uma das proteínas do trigo. A reação alérgica é classificada conforme o mecanismo imunológico implicado, podendo ser mediada por IgE ou por reações mistas, quando ocorre o envolvimento de citocinas e linfócitos T próinflamatórios, ou imunocomplexos, ou ainda reações citotóxicas. O presente estudo tem por objetivo fazer uma revisão sobre a alergia alimentar ao trigo (AAT), englobando sua manifestação clínica, diagnósticos, e tratamento. A pesquisa de estudos foi feita nas bases de dados de referência Lilacs e Scielo, utilizando os seguintes descritores em saúde: alergia, reação alérgica e trigo. Em relação ao tratamento, o mais eficiente e garantido ainda é a extração absoluta do alérgeno da dieta, no caso do trigo. Diante das considerações, o referido estudo verificou a preocupação frequente quanto ao aumento das alergias alimentares em nível mundial, e salienta-se a importância de novos estudos relacionados ao tratamento dos alérgicos ao trigo no intuito de reduzir as reações alérgicas, manter o estado nutricional, e aumentar a qualidade de vida. Food allergy is the name given to the adverse reactions to foods that surround immunological mechanisms, resulting in a range of clinical manifestations. Wheat allergy develops when the body’s immune system becomes sensitive and reacts immoderately to any of the wheat proteins. Allergic reaction is classified according to the immunological mechanism involved, may be measured by IgE, or by mixed reactions when they occur with the collaboration of mechanisms mediated with cytokines and proinflammatory T-lymphocytes, or by immunocomplexes, or cytotoxic reactions. Approximately 6% of children under the age of 3, and 4% of adults have allergic disorders caused by food. The present study aims to do a revision about food allergy to wheat, including its clinical manifestation, diagnoses and treatment. This monograph was performed in the reference databases Lilacs and Scielo using the following health descriptors: allergy, allergic reaction, and wheat. Regarding the treatment, the most efficient and guaranteed still is the absolute extraction of the allergen from the diet, which in the present case is wheat Taking into account the above considerations, this study verified the frequent concern about the development of food allergies worldwide and concludes the importance of new studies related to the treatment of allergy to wheat to reduce allergic reactions, maintain the nutritional state, and increase the quality of life.

Este trabalho tem por objetivo geral verificar a importância da atuação do enfermeiro auditor em instituições hospitalares. A pesquisa refere-se a um estudo de revisão literária do tipo integrativa. As habilidades técnicas são quesitos primordiais para que o profissional enfermeiro auditor possa desenvolver em instituições hospitalares um serviço de qualidade, primando pelo aprimoramento administrativo nos processos de ganhos e perdas e, consequentemente, na melhoria da assistência fornecida ao paciente. A resolução COFEN (Conselho Federal de Enfermagem), 266/2001 dispõe sobre as atividades pertinentes ao Enfermeiro Auditor, a qual estabelece as atribuições a ele destinadas. Sua atuação resultará em um panorama de reestruturação da produção em saúde, demarcada por nova lógica de gestão das organizações. Trata-se de uma área que está em constante ascensão, na qual os profissionais que possuem perfis para o campo administrativo, devem buscar atualizações constantes, sendo um campo promissor e que merece destaque no mercado de trabalho.

Microflotation experiments and zeta potential measurements of fluorapatite, wavellite, and turquoise with the use of alkyl amines and amylopectin were conducted. The highest floatability values were achieved in the presence of dodecylamine, exceeding the floatabilities with octylamine between 30% and 90%. Above their respective isoelectric points, the phosphates reached approximately 100% of floatability with dodecylamine. The strong dependence of surfactant adsorption on hydrocarbon chain length was also evidenced by zeta potential results. In the presence of 1 × 10−3 M dodecylamine solution, the surface charge of the phosphates changes from negative to positive until approximately pH 12, while the octylamine was not able to reverse the surface charges. The fluorapatite and wavellite floatabilities were not significantly affected by the amylopectin; however, in the presence of this depressant, the turquoise floatability, with octylamine as collector, decreases abruptly from 93% to 30%. The greater differences observed between turquoise and the other phosphates can be ascribed to their extremely complex structures, chemical composition and its dissolution in aqueous media. Keywords: Fluorapatite, Wavellite, Turquoise, Floatability, Alkyl amine, Zeta potential

Kefir grains have been applied for milk fermentation, obtaining products derived from kefir fermented milk (kefir, Greek yogurt and whey). During fermentation, proteins become easily digestible and lactose is hydrolyzed, becoming a good option for lactose-intolerant individuals. However, fermentation process can change the essential elements distribution in kefir milk products. Therefore, the aims of the study were to evaluate the total concentration of Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P, S and Zn in kefir, whey and Greek yogurt produced with kefir grains inoculated into cow’s milk. Phosphorous was the highest concentration in kefir milk fermented products ranging from 1220 ± 88 μg mL−1 (whey) to 2090 ± 27 μg g−1 (Greek yogurt), whereas Fe was the lowest concentration ranging from 6.7 ± 0.2 μg g−1 (kefir) to 8.9 ± 0.2 μg g−1 (Greek yogurt). Considering the dietary reference intake values, mainly Greek yogurt has proved to be a good source of Ca (21.2%), P (59.7%), and Fe (22.3%).

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi conhecer os padrões demográficos da regeneração natural do componente arbustivo-arbóreo e determinar se esses são influenciados pelas variáveis ambientais, em três áreas abertas em regeneração natural (diâmetro na altura do peito < 5 cm), em contato com fragmentos florestais de Floresta Ombrófila Mista Alto-Montana, no Planalto Sul Catarinense. Foram instaladas três transecções, uma por área, de 20 x 100 m, subdividas em subparcelas de 10 x 10 m, perpendiculares à borda dos fragmentos, com sua extensão cobrindo a área de campo. Amostraram-se todos os indivíduos regenerantes arbustivo-arbóreos com 20 cm ou mais de altura. Em cada subparcela, foram coletados os seguintes dados ambientais: propriedades físico-químicas dos solos, grau de compactação dos solos e cota altimétrica. Um ano após o inventário, foram obtidas as taxas de dinâmica para as três comunidades e para as populações, e os padrões encontrados foram relacionados com as variáveis ambientais. Os dados foram analisados por meio de testes de Kruskal-Wallis, testes de comparações múltiplas, teste de qui-quadrado aplicado à tabela de contingência, teste de correlação, Análise de Componentes Principais (PCA) e modelos lineares mistos. Os resultados demonstraram que, no período estudado, o processo de regeneração natural do componente arbustivo-arbóreo encontra-se em fase inicial e foi caracterizado pelo incremento na abundância de indivíduos, estabilidade na riqueza, independência espacial entre a mortalidade e o recrutamento e limitação do recrutamento em função da baixa fertilidade natural do solo e elevada disponibilidade de Al. Abstract The study aimed to understand the dynamic patterns of natural regeneration of shrub-tree species and determine whether these patterns are influenced by environmental variables, in three open areas in natural regeneration (diameter at breast height < 5 cm), in contact to upper-montane Araucaria Forest fragments, located in the Southern Plateau of Santa Catarina state. Three 20x100 m transects, subdivided into sub-plots of 10x10 m, were installed in each area, perpendicular to the edge of the fragments with their length covering the grassland area. All shrub-tree regenerating individuals greater than or equal to 20 cm height were sampled. In each sub-plot, the environmental data were collected: soil physico-chemical properties, the degree of soil compaction and the altimetric quota. One year after the first inventory, the dynamics rates were obtained for the three community and populations, and the found patterns related to environmental variables. The data were analyzed through Kruskal-Wallis tests, multiple comparison tests, chi-square test, applied to a contingency table, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and linear mixed models. The results demonstrated that during the evaluated period, the natural regeneration process of the shrub-tree component is found in an early stage and it was characterized by abundance increment, richness stability, spatial independency between mortality and recruitment, and recruitment limitation in function of low soil natural fertility and high Al availability.

The consumption of white (Pleurotus ostreatus) and pink (Pleurotus djamor) oyster mushrooms has been highlighting due to nutritional value and ability to accumulate essential elements, such as selenium (Se). Therefore, the aims of the present study were to evaluate the Se-enriched mushrooms production and enrichment effects on the bioaccessibility of Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, P, S, Se, and Zn, and proteins and Se-proteins distribution. The Se enrichment of edible mushrooms (white and pink) with different Se(IV) concentrations did not alter the moisture (77 to 89%) and biological efficiency (21 to 27%). The Se total concentration increased significantly in mushrooms cultivated in enriched medium, ranging from 19 ± 1 μg g−1 (white) to 76 ± 2 μg g−1 (pink). It was verified that Se enrichment did not significantly change the total concentration of Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, S, and Zn of both mushroom species. However, the Se enrichment promoted an increase in the bioaccessible percentage of Fe (7 to 11%), Mg (12 to 13%), P (4 to 6%), S (7 to 12%), and Zn (10 to 14%) for pink oyster mushroom and a decreased in Fe (18 to 28%) and P (7 to 13%) of the white oyster mushroom. In the distribution of proteins, it was verified that the enrichment changed the solubility and distribution of proteins in white oyster (prolamins and glutelins) and pink oyster mushrooms (globulins). Lastly, Se is mainly associated to albumins (white oyster: 4.5 ± 0.4 μg g−1, pink oyster: 9.5 ± 0.7 μg g−1) and glutelins (white oyster: 4.2 ± 0.6 μg g−1, pink oyster: 11.1 ± 0.4 μg g−1). These results demonstrate the ability of these fungi to absorb and bioaccumulate Se, favoring the formation of Se-proteins that are more bioaccessible species.

The sustainable food valorization is capable to stimulate the local products consumption with quality and nutritional security. In this scenario, Unconventional Food Plants (UFPs) deserve attention representing an alternative for rural communities and contributing to the local and regional economy. This work aimed to add nutritional information, once it evaluates total Fe concentration, Fe-species (water soluble, acid soluble, and inorganic), proteins, and Fe- proteins distribution in beldroega (Portulaca oleracea L.), guasca (Galinsoga parviflora Cav.), ora-pro-nóbis (Pereskia aculeata Mill.), piracá (Vernonia scorpioides (Lam.) Pers.), and trapoeraba (Commelina benghalensis L.). Considering the Fe total concentration, the studied UPFs can be excellent Fe sources, when compared to foods of plant origin widely consumed and cultivated, detaching the guasca leaves (687±19 µg g-1). However, the guasca leaves showed low concentration of Fe associated to macromolecules and Fe soluble species (1.6±0.3 µg g-1). These results may justify the low bioavailability of Fe species. On the other hand, beldroega leaves presented the highest concentration of inorganic Fe (1.3±0.2 µg g-1). In the UFPs, there is high glutelins concentration when compared to the other protein groups, meaning that UFPs can be low-cost alternative to supplementing protein intake. Finally, for majority UFPs, except guasca leaves, Fe is mainly associated to albumins, being a good source of bioavailable Fe species. Resumo A valorização de alimentos sustentáveis é capaz de estimular o consumo de produtos locais com qualidade e segurança nutricional. Nesse cenário, as plantas alimentícias não convencionais (PANCs) merecem destaque, representando uma alternativa para as comunidades rurais e contribuindo para a economia local e regional. Este trabalho visa agregar informações nutricionais através da avaliação da concentração total de Fe, espécies de Fe (solúvel em água, solúvel em ácido e inorgânico) e proteínas, e da distribuição de Fe associado às proteínas em beldroega (Portulaca oleracea L.), guasca (Galinsoga parviflora), ora-pro-nóbis (Pereskia aculeata), piracá (Vernonia scorpioides) e trapoeraba (Commelina benghalensis L.). Considerando-se a concentração total de Fe, as PANCs podem ser uma excelente fonte de Fe, quando comparadas aos alimentos de origem vegetal comumente consumidos e cultivados, destacando-se as folhas de guasca (687±19 µg g-1). Entretanto, as folhas de guasca mostraram baixa concentração de Fe associado a macromoléculas (como proteínas) e espécies solúveis em água (1,6±0,3 µg g-1). Esses resultados podem justificar a baixa biodisponibilidade das espécies de Fe. Por outro lado, as folhas de beldroega apresentaram a maior concentração de Fe inorgânico (1,3±0,2 µg g-1). Nas PANCs, existe alta concentração de glutelínas, quando comparadas às concentrações dos outros grupos proteicos, significando que as PANCs podem ser uma alternativa de baixo custo para suplementar a ingestão de proteínas. Portanto, para a maioria das PANCs, exceto folhas de guasca, o Fe está principalmente associado às albuminas, sendo uma boa fonte de espécies de Fe biodisponível.

Background Vitamin D deficiency has been linked to increased severity of numerous viral infections. Objective To assess whether vitamin D supplementation is safe and effective for the treatment of COVID-19. Methods We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, LILACS, and LOVE for randomized controlled trials (RCT) published up to March 2nd evaluating the effects of vitamin D for the treatment of coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Two authors selected studies and analyzed the data evidence following Cochrane Recommendations. Results We included three RCTs with a total of 285 participants. We found low certainty-evidence indicating that hospitalized patients under calcifediol plus standard care (SC) treatment seem to present a significantly lower risk of being admitted to ICU, but no difference on mortality. We found low to very low certainty-evidence that the improvement in fibrinogen levels is slightly greater in mildly symptomatic or asymptomatic patients with COVID-19 that used cholecalciferol plus SC than in those treated with placebo plus SC [Mean difference, and the patients that used cholecalciferol plus SC achieved more SARS-CoV-2 negativity, but not on d-dimer, c-reactive protein (CRP) or procalcitonin when compared with the patients in the placebo plus SC group. We also found low to moderate certainty-evidence that a single high dose of vitamin D does not seem to be effective for reducing mortality, length of hospital stay, ICU admissions, and d-dimer or CRP levels when used in patients with moderate to severe COVID-19. Conclusions As a practical implication, the use of vitamin D associated with SC seems to provide some benefit to patients with COVID-19. However, the evidence is currently insufficient to support the routine use of vitamin D for the management of COVID-19, as its effectiveness seems to depend on the dosage, on the baseline vitamin D levels, and on the degree of COVID-19 severity.

Objective: The objective was to analyze the scientific evidence on the clinical manifestations presented by children infected with COVID-19. Method: Integrative review conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, LILACS, Web of Science, SCOPUS and SCIENCE DIRECT databases from December 2019 to June 2020. Twenty articles were selected. Results: Two thematic categories emerged: “Mild or moderate clinical features” and “COVID-19 associated multisystem inflammatory syndrome”. Most children were infected by their parents or close relatives. The symptoms presented by children were predominantly mild or moderate and with quick recovery. The main clinical manifestations presented by children infected with SARS-CoV-2 were fever, gastrointestinal signs, respiratory signs, and more recently, symptoms similar to those of Kawasaki Disease, which was called COVID-19 associated multisystem inflammatory syndrome. Conclusion: Faced with this, health professionals must be alert to recognize these cases in order to offer appropriate and timely management during health care. Objetivo: Analisar as evidências científicas sobre as manifestações clínicas apresentadas por crianças infectadas pela COVID-19. Método: Revisão integrativa conduzida nas bases de dados PubMed, CINAHL, LILACS, Web of Science, SCOPUS E SCIENCE DIRECT. Foram selecionados 20 artigos. Resultados: Emergiram duas categorias temáticas: “Características clínicas leves ou moderadas” e “Síndrome inflamatória multissistêmica associada à COVID-19”. A maioria das crianças foi infectada pelos pais ou parentes próximos. A sintomatologia apresentada pelo público infantil foi predominantemente leve ou moderada e de recuperação rápida. As principais manifestações clínicas apresentadas pelas crianças infectadas pelo SARS-CoV-2 foram febre, sinais gastrointestinais, sinais respiratórios, e mais recente, sintomas semelhantes a Doença de Kawasaki, sendo denominada como síndrome inflamatória multissistêmica associada à COVID-19. Conclusão: Frente a isso, os profissionais da saúde devem estar alertas para o reconhecimento desses casos para possibilitar o manejo adequado e oportuno durante a assistência à saúde.

This article aims to identify, verify and examine the documents of the Women's Police Station (DDM) of the Judicial Police of Marilia city in the perspective of a cross-sectional study in the quantitative modality using the thematic analysis technique, carried out based on police reports of violence against women (BO), in order to reveal the magnitude of violence through a qualitative approach, contributing to the advancement in the understanding of this complex phenomenon that lacks effective health interventions. The analysis portrayed women vulnerability factors and relationships of inequality across their attackers, as well as the coercive behaviors and control. Death threats occur under different conditions and forms, physical assaults are degrading, and verbal assaults, moral damage, intimidation, persecution and injuries are also evident. Violence that generates insecurity and fear in women who seek in the police report a right that should be irrevocable life. It is understood that it is essential to articulate preventive intersectorial actions and promotion of health in order to break the violence cycle.

The objective of this study was to outline a profile of teachers who work in the technical nursing course at a technical school in a municipality. Nursing professors were the participants. We used a semi-structured script to collect data sent by email. Data analysis was carried out through content analysis in the thematic modality. At this moment, three themes are presented, namely: The teaching work; Enunciating the challenges of being a teacher and finally, Reflecting on strategies for overcoming the challenges of being a teacher. It appears that the challenges faced by the professors of the Nursing Technician course interfer with their illness, suggesting the importance of studies that reflect this reality more broadly and the more cautious look of the competent authorities to minimize this problem.

Resumo: O presente artigo visa identificar, verificar e apreciar os documentos da Delegacia da Mulher (DDM) da Polícia Judiciária do Município de Marília-SP na perspectiva de um estudo transversal na modalidade quantitativa por meio da técnica de análise temática, realizado a partir de boletins de ocorrência (BO) de violência contra mulheres, com o intuito de revelar a magnitude da violência por uma abordagem qualitativa, contribuindo para o avanço na compreensão desse complexo fenômeno que carece de ações efetivas de saúde. A análise retratou fatores de vulnerabilidade às mulheres e as relações de desigualdade frente seus agressores, bem como os comportamentos coercitivos e de controle. As ameaças de morte ocorrem sob distintas condições e formas, as agressões físicas são degradantes, e ainda evidencia-se as agressões verbais, danos morais, intimidação, perseguição e injúrias. Violências que geram insegurança e medo nessas mulheres que buscam na ocorrência policial um direito que deveria ser irrevogável - a vida. Compreende-se, que é imprescindível a articulação de ações intersetoriais preventivas e de promoção em saúde com vistas ao rompimento do ciclo da violência.