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336 results on '"A. V. Karelin"'

301. Energy transfer in CaF2Gd, Mn crystals

Author

L. N. Ivanov, V. E. Bozhevolnov, Yu. P. Timofeev, Yu. V. Voronov, V. V. Karelin, and V. K. Kozlov

Subjects
Photoexcitation, chemistry, Gadolinium, Excited state, Energy transfer, chemistry.chemical_element, Physical chemistry, Atomic physics, Condensed Matter Physics, Luminescence, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Ion
Abstract

An investigation is made of the energy transfer between the Gd3+ and Mn2+ ions in CaF2Gd, Mn crystals under photoexcitation. The studies performed at varied concentrations and with measurement of the lifetimes of the excited states reveal that the process is intracentric and that only the noncubic luminescent centres of gadolinium seem to be involved in the energy transfer from the Gd3+ ions to the Mn2+ ions. [Russian Text Ignored].

Published
1976

302. Thermoluminescence study of radiation-induced defects in alkaline earth sulfates

Author

V. V. Mikhailin, L. N. Ivanov, V. V. Karelin, and A. I. Mikhaélyan

Subjects
Alkaline earth metal, Strontium, Materials science, Dosimeter, Radiochemistry, General Physics and Astronomy, chemistry.chemical_element, Barium, Manganese, Thermoluminescence, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Sulfate, Europium
Abstract

Since these processes can be accompanied by thermoluminescen ce, we have carried out a study of the thermoluminescen ce (TL) curves of alkaline earth sulfates in both the unactivated and activated (with europium and manganese) forms. Excitation was by means of the radioactive isotopes 45Ca and 35S, which were introduced both separately and together during synthesis. Nonradioactive samples were excited by irradiation with a 9~176 source. The absorbed dose was determined using the ferrous sulfate dosimeter and was 103 rad for the nonradioactive sulfates. The isotopes listed are pure fl-emitters with maximum energies: 45Ca 0.254 MeV, 35S 0.167 MeV, 9~176 0.61 and 2.18 MeV, respectively. The radioactive samples: 45CASO4. Eu, 45CASO4-Mn, 45CASO4" Eu. Mn, Ca3SSO4 �9 Eu, CaZSSO4 �9 Mn, Ca3~SO4 - Eu- 1Vln, 45Ca35SO4 - Eu, 45Ca35SOr �9 Mn, 45Ca35SO4 �9 Eu. Mn, Sr35SO4 �9 Eu, Ba35SO4, Ba35SO4 �9 Eu and nonradioactive samples of the unactivated sulfates of strontium and barium were synthesized in sealed quartz tubes by growing them from solution in a sodium chloride melt. The TL curves of these substances were obtained on standard equipment using the generally accepted

Published
1973

308. The PAMELA experiment: A cosmic ray experiment deep inside the heliosphere

Author

P. Spillantini, R. Sparvoli, A. Bruno, Y. I. Stozhkov, V. V. Mikhailov, P. Carlson, Alexey Leonov, V. Di Felice, S. Y. Krutkov, E. Mocchiutti, Giovanni Bonvicini, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, P. Papini, S. Bottai, M. Simon, E. Vannuccini, Sergey Koldashov, Sergey Koldobskiy, G. C. Barbarino, G. A. Bazilevskaya, P. Picozza, V. V. Malakhov, O. Adriani, F. Cafagna, S. A. Voronov, Matteo Martucci, W. Menn, D. Campana, G. Castellini, Yu. T. Yurkin, A. N. Kvashnin, Massimo Bongi, Marco Casolino, M. Merge, A. V. Karelin, E. A. Bogomolov, N. Zampa, Maria Teresa Ricci, G. Osteria, André Monaco, Roberto Bellotti, A. M. Galper, G. Zampa, Beatrice Panico, A. G. Mayorov, Riccardo Munini, L. Marcelli, A. Vacchi, C. De Santis, Nicola Mori, G. I. Vasilyev, Mirko Boezio, Boezio, M., Munini, R., Adriani, O., Barbarino, G. C., Bazilevskaya, G. A., Bellotti, R., Bogomolov, E. A., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Bottai, S., Bruno, A., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Carlson, P., Casolino, M., Castellini, G., De Santis, C., Di Felice, V., Galper, A. M., Karelin, A. V., Koldashov, S. V., Koldobskiy, S., Krutkov, S. Y., Kvashnin, A. N., Leonov, A., Malakhov, V., Marcelli, L., Martucci, M., Mayorov, A. G., Menn, W., Merge, M., Mikhailov, V. V., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Osteria, G., Panico, B., Papini, P., Pearce, M., Picozza, P., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Simon, M., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stozhkov, Y. I., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G., Voronov, S. A., Yurkin, Y. T., Zampa, G., and Zampa, N.

Subjects
Settore FIS/01, Solar minimum, Physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astronomy, Magnetosphere, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Solar cycle 24, Galaxy, Charged particle, Physics::Space Physics, Particle radiation, Heliosphere
Abstract

It was the 15th of June of 2006 when the PAMELA satellite-borne experiment was launched from the Baikonur cosmodrome in Kazakstan. Then, for nearly ten years, PAMELA has been making high-precision measurements of the charged component of the cosmic radiation opening a new era of precision studies in cosmic rays and challenging our basic vision of the mechanisms of production, acceleration and propagation of cosmic rays in the galaxy and in the heliosphere. The study of the time dependence of the various components of the cosmic radiation from the unusual 23rd solar minimum through the maximum of solar cycle 24 clearly shows solar modulation effects as well as charge sign dependence. PAMELA measurement of the energy spectra during solar energetic particle events fills the existing energy gap between the highest energy particles measured in space and the ground-based domain. Finally, by sampling the particle radiation in different regions of the magnetosphere, PAMELA data provide a detailed study of the Earth~s magnetosphere. In this highlight paper, PAMELA main results as well as recent progress about solar and heliospheric physics with PAMELA will be presented.

309. Measurement of the isotopic composition of hydrogen and helium nuclei in cosmic rays with the pamela-experiment

Author

Andrea Vacchi, Mirko Boezio, Matteo Martucci, S. Y. Krutkov, F. Cafagna, Y. T. Yurkin, Piero Spillantini, G. Zampa, Beatrice Panico, D. Campana, M. Bongi, A. G. Mayorov, E. Mocchiutti, Marco Casolino, P. Picozza, F. Palma, A. N. Kvashnin, V. Formato, V. Bonvicini, S. V. Koldashov, Roberto Bellotti, S. A. Voronov, Y. I. Stozhkov, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, Maria Teresa Ricci, Valentina Scotti, Sergey Koldobskiy, G. C. Barbarino, S. Bottai, E. A. Bogomolov, Ritabrata Sarkar, P. Papini, Roberta Sparvoli, E. Vannuccini, O. Adriani, A. V. Karelin, W. Menn, M. S. Potgieter, C. De Donato, G. Osteria, G. Castellini, M. Simon, V. Di Felice, V. V. Mikhailov, G. A. Bazilevskaya, Riccardo Munini, V. V. Malakhov, N. Zampa, A. M. Galper, Per Carlson, Alfonso Monaco, M. Merge, N. De Simone, A. Leonov, Nicola Mori, G. I. Vasilyev, C. De Santis, Etienne Vos, L. Marcelli, and A. Bruno

Subjects
Physics, chemistry, Hydrogen, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, chemistry.chemical_element, Cosmic ray, Physics::Atomic Physics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Nuclear Experiment, Helium, Isotopic composition
Abstract

The cosmic-ray hydrogen and helium (1H,2H,3He,4He) isotopic composition between 100 MeV/n and 1.4 GeV/n has been measured with the satellite-borne experiment PAMELA, which was launched into low-Ear ...

310. Lithium and beryllium isotopes in the pamela-experiment

Author

S. Y. Krutkov, A. N. Kvashnin, P. Picozza, Yu. T. Yurkin, M. Merge, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, P. Spillantini, P. Papini, E. Vannuccini, A. V. Karelin, F. Cafagna, V. Bonvicini, G. A. Bazilevskaya, M. Simon, M. Bongi, A. Bruno, V. V. Malakhov, Y. I. Stozhkov, Sergey Koldashov, G. I. Vasilyev, Matteo Martucci, Mirko Boezio, André Monaco, N. Zampa, G. Osteria, V. V. Mikhailov, D. Campana, L. Marcelli, Nicola Mori, A. Vacchi, E. Mocchiutti, Roberto Bellotti, A. G. Mayorov, Marco Casolino, S. Bottai, A. M. Galper, Valentina Scotti, Riccardo Munini, C. De Santis, W. Menn, Maria Teresa Ricci, O. Adriani, V. Di Felice, F. Palma, Etienne Vos, Per Carlson, C. De Donato, V. Formato, S. A. Voronov, E. A. Bogomolov, N. De Simone, R. Sparvoli, Sergey Koldobskiy, G. C. Barbarino, Alexey Leonov, Ritabrata Sarkar, M. S. Potgieter, G. Castellini, G. Zampa, Beatrice Panico, Menn, W., Adriani, O., Barbarino, G. C., Bazilevskaya, G. A., Bellotti, R., Boezio, M., Bogomolov, E. A., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Bottai, S., Bruno, A., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Carlson, P., Casolino, M., Castellini, G., De Donato, C., De Santis, C., De Simone, N., Di Felice, V., Formato, V., Galper, A. M., Karelin, A. V., Koldashov, S. V., Koldobskiy, S., Krutkov, S. Y., Kvashnin, A. N., Leonov, A., Malakhov, V., Marcelli, L., Martucci, M., Mayorov, A. G., Merge, M., Mikhailov, V. V., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Munini, R., Osteria, G., Palma, F., Panico, B., Papini, P., Pearce, M., Picozza, P., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Sarkar, R., Scotti, V., Simon, M., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stozhkov, Y. I., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G., Voronov, S. A., Yurkin, Y. T., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., Potgieter, M. S., and Vos, E. E.

Subjects
Multidisciplinary, chemistry, Radiochemistry, chemistry.chemical_element, Environmental science, Lithium, Isotopes of beryllium
Abstract

On the 15th of June 2006, the PAMELA satellite-borne experiment was launched from the Baikonur cosmodrome and it has been collecting data since July 2006. The apparatus comprises a time-of-flight system, a silicon-microstrip magnetic spectrometer, a silicon-tungsten electromagnetic calorimeter, an anti-coincidence system, a shower tail counter scintillator and a neutron detector. The scientific objectives addressed by the mission are the measurement of the antiprotons and positrons spectra in cosmic rays, the hunt for antinuclei as well as the determination of light nuclei fluxes from hydrogen to oxygen in a wide energy range and with very high statistics. In this paper the identification capability for lithium and beryllium isotopes for two different techniques are presented, combining the rigidity measurement from the magnetic spectrometer with the velocity information derived either with the time-of-flight or with multiple dE/dx measurements in the calorimeter. Preliminary results of the isotopic ratios will be presented.

311. Magnetospheric effects on high-energy solar particles during the 2012 May 17th event measured with the PAMELA experiment

Author

P. Spillantini, Sergey Koldobskiy, G. C. Barbarino, L. Marcelli, S. Bottai, A. Vacchi, G. Castellini, C. De Santis, V. Di Felice, N. Zampa, S. Y. Krutkov, A. M. Galper, G. I. Vasilyev, E. R. Christian, Ulisse Bravar, G. A. Bazilevskaya, P. Picozza, Matteo Martucci, James M. Ryan, V. Formato, V. V. Malakhov, Riccardo Munini, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, S. A. Voronov, C. De Donato, G. Zampa, Beatrice Panico, Ritabrata Sarkar, E. A. Bogomolov, André Monaco, Valentina Scotti, M. Bongi, A. Leonov, P. Papini, E. Vannuccini, Mirko Boezio, Nicola Mori, A. G. Mayorov, M. A. Lee, Y. T. Yurkin, Roberto Bellotti, F. Palma, O. Adriani, W. Menn, A. N. Kvashnin, N. Thakur, A. V. Karelin, D. Campana, G. Osteria, M. Merge, N. De Simone, Marco Casolino, S. J. Stochaj, R. Sparvoli, G. A. de Nolfo, M. Simon, Maria Teresa Ricci, V. V. Mikhailov, Per Carlson, E. Mocchiutti, F. Cafagna, S. V. Koldashov, V. Bonvicini, A. Bruno, Y. I. Stozhkov, Martucci, M., Bazilevskaya, G. A., Boezio, M., Bravar, U., Bruno, A., Christian, E. R., De Nolfo, G. A., Lee, M., Mergè, M., Mocchiutti, E., Munini, R., Ricci, M., Ryan, J. M., Stochaj, S., Thakur, N., Adriani, O., Barbarino, G. C., Bellotti, R., Bogomolov, E. A., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Bottai, S., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Carlson, P., Casolino, M., Castellini, G., De Donato, C., De Santis, C., De Simone, N., Di Felice, V., Formato, V., Galper, A. M., Karelin, A. V., Koldashov, S. V., Koldobskiy, S., Krutkov, S. Y., Kvashnin, A. N., Leonov, A., Malakhov, V., Marcelli, L., Mayorov, A. G., Menn, W., Mikhailov, V. V., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Osteria, G., Palma, F., Panico, B., Papini, P., Pearce, M., Picozza, P., Ricciarini, S. B., Sarkar, R., Scotti, V., Simon, M., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stozhkov, Y. I., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G., Voronov, S. A., Yurkin, Y. T., Zampa, G., and Zampa, N.

Subjects
Nuclear physics, Physics, Acceleration, High energy, Multidisciplinary, Solar energetic particles, Physics::Space Physics, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Particle, Event (particle physics)
Abstract

The great challenge in constraining scenarios for solar energetic particle (SEP) acceleration is due to the fact that the signatures of acceleration itself are heavily modified by transport within interplanetary space. During transport, SEPs are subject to pitch angle scattering by the turbulent magnetic field, adiabatic focusing, or reflecting magnetic structures. Ground Level Enhancements (GLEs) provide an ideal way to study acceleration with minimal transport. In this work, we present a unique high-energy SEP observation from PAMELA of the 2012 May 17 GLE and interpret the observed pitch angle distributions as a result of local scattering (1 AU) by the Earth's magnetosheath.

312. Solar energetic particle events: Trajectory analysis and flux reconstruction with PAMELA

Author

N. Zampa, S. Bottai, S. Y. Krutkov, Giancarlo Barbarino, S. A. Voronov, W. Menn, F. Palma, Alexey Leonov, A. V. Karelin, Paolo Papini, M. Merge, Ritabrata Sarkar, V. Scotti, James M. Ryan, M. A. Lee, Sergey Koldobskiy, E. Vannuccini, E. A. Bogomolov, Valerio Formato, Michal Simon, A. G. Mayorov, O. Adriani, R. Munini, N. De Simone, S. B. Ricciarini, Mirko Boezio, Roberta Sparvoli, G. A. de Nolfo, U. Bravar, L. Marcelli, Massimo Bongi, E. Mocchiutti, V. V. Malakhov, G. Castellini, G. A. Bazilevskaya, V. V. Mikhailov, Yuri Stozhkov, V. Bonvicini, Yu. T. Yurkin, Mark Pearce, D. Campana, Steven Stochaj, Andrea Vacchi, Per Carlson, F. Cafagna, P. Picozza, A. Bruno, Marco Ricci, Roberto Bellotti, A. M. Galper, E. C. Christian, A. N. Kvashnin, V. Di Felice, C. De Donato, Piero Spillantini, Alfonso Monaco, G. Vasilyev, M. Martucci, V. G. Zverev, G. Osteria, Nicola Mori, Marco Casolino, C. De Santis, Sergey Koldashov, R. Carbone, B. Panico, Gianluigi Zampa, Bruno, A., Adriani, O., Barbarino, G. C., Bazilevskaya, G. A., Bellotti, R., Boezio, M., Bogomolov, E. A., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Bottai, S., Bravar, U., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Carbone, R., Carlson, P., Casolino, M., Castellini, G., Christian, E. C., De Donato, C., De Nolfo, G. A., De Santis, C., De Simone, N., Di Felice, V., Formato, V., Galper, A. M., Karelin, A. V., Koldashov, S. V., Koldobskiy, S., Krutkov, S. Y., Kvashnin, A. N., Lee, M., Leonov, A., Malakhov, V., Marcelli, L., Martucci, M., Mayorov, A. G., Menn, W., Mergè, M., Mikhailov, V. V., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Munini, R., Osteria, G., Palma, F., Panico, B., Papini, P., Pearce, M., Picozza, P., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Ryan, J. M., Sarkar, R., Scotti, V., Simon, M., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stochaj, S., Stozhkov, Y. I., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G. I., Voronov, S. A., Yurkin, Y. T., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., and Zverev, V. G.

Subjects
Physics, Bridging (networking), Multidisciplinary, Solar energetic particles, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Flux, FOS: Physical sciences, Space (mathematics), Space Physics (physics.space-ph), Computational physics, Physics - Space Physics, Physics::Space Physics, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Particle, Satellite, Trajectory analysis, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Nuclear Experiment, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
Abstract

The PAMELA satellite experiment is providing first direct measurements of Solar Energetic Particles (SEPs) with energies from about 80 MeV to several GeV in near-Earth space, bridging the low energy data by other space-based instruments and the Ground Level Enhancement (GLE) data by the worldwide network of neutron monitors. Its unique observational capabilities include the possibility of measuring the flux angular distribution and thus investigating possible anisotropies. This work reports the analysis methods developed to estimate the SEP energy spectra as a function of the particle pitch-angle with respect to the Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF) direction. The crucial ingredient is provided by an accurate simulation of the asymptotic exposition of the PAMELA apparatus, based on a realistic reconstruction of particle trajectories in the Earth's magnetosphere. As case study, the results for the May 17, 2012 event are presented., Comment: Conference: The 34th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2015), 30 July - 6 August, 2015, The Hague, The Netherlands, Volume: PoS(ICRC2015)085

313. Effect of the Jupiter magnetosphere on the cosmic ray protons measured with the PAMELA experiment

Author

Alfonso Monaco, Sergey Koldobskiy, Riccardo Munini, A. G. Mayorov, M. Merge, Andrea Vacchi, Guido Pizzella, Valeria Di Felice, Matteo Martucci, Gianluigi Zampa, F. Cafagna, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, V. V. Malakhov, E. Vannuccini, N. Zampa, Paolo Papini, Sergey Koldashov, Nicola Mori, V. V. Mikhailov, Roberta Sparvoli, G. Vasilyev, Y. I. Stozhkov, Y. T. Yurkin, L. Marcelli, Giancarlo Barbarino, Giuseppe Osteria, D. Campana, E. Mocchiutti, G. A. Bazilevskaya, S. A. Voronov, Marco Casolino, E. A. Bogomolov, O. Adriani, M. Simon, Alexey Leonov, Maria Teresa Ricci, A. Bruno, P. Spillantini, Piergiorgio Picozza, G. Castellini, S. Y. Krutkov, Giovanni Bonvicini, Cristian de Santis, Mirko Boezio, Roberto Bellotti, A. M. Galper, A. N. Kvashnin, A. V. Karelin, Per Carlson, Nadir Marcelli, Massimo Bongi, Beatrice Panico, Ricci, M., Pizzella, G., Martucci, M., Bruno, A., Di Felice, V., Marcelli, N., Adriani, O., Barbarino, G. C., Bazilevskaya, G. A., Bellotti, R., Boezio, M., Bogomolov, E. A., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Carlson, P., Casolino, M., Castellini, G., De Santis, C., Galper, A. M., Karelin, A. V., Koldashov, S. V., Koldobskiy, S., Krutkov, S. Y., Kvashnin, A. N., Leonov, A., Malakhov, V., Marcelli, L., Mayorov, A. G., Menn, W., Merge, M., Mikhailov, V. V., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Munini, R., Osteria, G., Panico, B., Papini, P., Pearce, M., Picozza, P., Ricciarini, S. B., Simon, M., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stozhkov, Y. I., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G., Voronov, S. A., Yurkin, Y. T., Zampa, G., and Zampa, N.

Subjects
Settore FIS/01, Physics, Acceleration, Physics::Space Physics, Magnetosphere, Particle, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Magnetosphere of Jupiter, Jovian, Charged particle, Magnetic field
Abstract

The very intense Jovian magnetic field produces a magnetosphere where high-energy charged particles are trapped, allowing the possibility for acceleration mechanism that could inject those particles in the open space. In the last decades, accelerated electrons from the Jupiter magnetosphere have been detected and studied in the interplanetary space.This work investigated whether the proton data obtained by the PAMELA space-borne detector between July 9th, 2006 to August 31th, 2014 shows signatures that arise from Jupiter. In this proceeding the basis of the analysis of cosmic ray protons by PAMELA are described and results will be shown at the conference.

314. The pamela experiment: Five years of cosmic rays investigation

Author

A. N. Kvashnin, O. Maksumov, Roberta Sparvoli, A. G. Mayorov, V. Di Felice, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, G. Zampa, A. V. Karelin, V. Malvezzi, P. Papini, E. Vannuccini, V. Bonvicini, S. Y. Krutkov, A. Bruno, Y. I. Stozhkov, G. Osteria, S. Bottai, R. Carbone, O. Adriani, W. Menn, V. G. Zverev, F. Palma, M. P. DePascale, Mirko Boezio, C. Pizzolotto, Roberto Bellotti, N. N. Nikonov, L. Consiglio, P. Picozza, M. Simon, A. A. Leonov, V. V. Malakhov, A. M. Galper, S. V. Koldashov, Nicola Mori, P. Spillantini, G. C. Barbarino, L. A. Grishantseva, Juan Wu, M. Bongi, Maria Teresa Ricci, C. De Santis, V. Formato, M. F. Runtso, Giovanna Jerse, S. A. Voronov, L. Marcelli, A. Vacchi, G. A. Bazilevskaya, E. A. Bogomolov, Laura Rossetto, Y. T. Yurkin, E. Mocchiutti, N. Zampa, V. V. Mikhailov, P. Carlson, F. Cafagna, G. I. Vasilyev, Lorenzo Bonechi, D. Campana, S. V. Borisov, Marco Casolino, Alfonso Monaco, N. De Simone, Ritabrata Sarkar, and G. Castellini

Subjects
Physics, PAMELA detector, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Dark matter, Astronomy, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, CR composition, Settore FIS/04 - Fisica Nucleare e Subnucleare, law.invention, Energy spectra and interactions, Spaceborne and space research instruments, law, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Cosmic rays
Abstract

In five years of data taking in space, the PAMELA experiment collected very interesting data on the charged cosmic radiation over a wide energy range (from 100 MeV up to 1 TeV, depending from the species) with unprecedent statistics. The apparatus comprises a time-of-flight system, a silicon-microstrip magnetic spectrometer, a silicon-tungsten electromagnetic calorimeter, an anticoincidence system, a shower tail counter scintillator and a neutron detector. PAMELA is providing fundamental data not only to search for dark matter signals but also to better understand cosmic-ray propagation models. Main results after five years of data taking will be presented.

315. Cosmic ray electron and positron spectrum with the PAMELA experiment

Author

A. Leonov, Maria Teresa Ricci, G. C. Barbarino, R. Munin, Nicola Mori, S. V. Koldashov, R. Sparvoli, A. Vacchi, M. Simon, André Monaco, P. Picozza, A. N. Kvashnin, A. A. Kvashnin, Yu. I. Stozhkov, P. Spillantini, M. Merge, M. Bongi, E. Mocchiutti, G. A. Bazilevskaya, V. V. Malakhov, Roberto Bellotti, L. Marcell, G. Zampa, C. De Santis, A. M. Galper, Beatrice Panico, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, V. V. Mikhailov, V. Di Felice, A. V. Karelin, P. Papini, P. Carlson, N. Zampa, E. Vannuccini, Yu. T. Yurkin, V. Bonvicini, G. Osteria, O. Adriani, A. Bruno, W. Menn, S. A. Voronov, E. A. Bogomolov, F. Cafagna, S. A. Koldobsky, Mirko Boezio, A. G. Mayorov, I. Vasilyev, G. Castellini, Matteo Martucci, D. Campana, Marco Casolino, Mikhailov, V. V., Adriani, O., Barbarino, G., Bazilevskaya, G. A., Bellotti, R., Boezio, M., Bogomolov, E. A., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Bruno, A., Cafagna, F. S., Campana, D., Carlson, P., Casolino, M., Castellini, G., de Santis, C., Di Felice, V., Galper, A. M., Karelin, A. V., Koldashov, S. V., Koldobsky, S. A., Kvashnin, A. A., Kvashnin, A. N., Leonov, A. A., Malakhov, V. V., Marcelli, L., Martucci, M., Mayorov, A. G., Menn, W., Merge, M., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Munini, R., Osteria, G., Papini, P., Panico, B., Pearce, M., Picozza, P., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Simon, M., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stozhkov, Yu. I., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasiliev, G. I., Voronov, S. A., Yurkin, Yu. T., Zampa, G., and Zampa, N.

Subjects
Settore FIS/01, Physics, Nuclear physics, Antiparticle, Range (particle radiation), Positron, Spectrometer, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Polar orbit, Satellite, Cosmic ray, Electron
Abstract

The PAMELA magnetic spectrometer, located on board the Resurs-DK1 satellite on Earth polar orbit with altitude of 350-600 km, measured the fluxes of cosmic ray particles and antiparticles in a wide energy range from ~ 50 MeV to several TeVs. In this paper new results on the "all-electron" (sum electrons and positrons) spectrum are presented. New improved analysis on the full data set from 2006 to 2016 allows a significant increase in statistic compared to previously published results and an extension of energy interval up to ~1 TeV

316. PAMELA measurements of solar energetic particle spectra

Author

Riccardo Munini, E. Mocchiutti, L. Marcelli, A. Vacchi, S. A. Voronov, E. A. Bogomolov, Roberto Bellotti, Nicola Mori, G. Zampa, S. Y. Krutkov, Beatrice Panico, Yu. T. Yurkin, A. M. Galper, G. A. Bazilevskaya, C. De Santis, Sergey Koldashov, E. R. Christian, V. Bonvicini, M. Merge, P. Picozza, V. V. Mikhailov, G. Castellini, A. Bruno, Y. I. Stozhkov, Mirko Boezio, P. Spillantini, N. Zampa, James M. Ryan, A. V. Karelin, D. Campana, Ian G. Richardson, Sergey Koldobskiy, G. C. Barbarino, M. Bongi, F. Cafagna, André Monaco, V. V. Malakhov, Marco Casolino, R. Sparvoli, S. J. Stochaj, G. Osteria, Per Carlson, G. I. Vasilyev, G. A. de Nolfo, Alexey Leonov, O. Adriani, W. Menn, A. N. Kvashnin, V. Di Felice, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, Maria Teresa Ricci, P. Papini, E. Vannuccini, A. G. Mayorov, M. Simon, N. Marcelli, C. De Donato, Matteo Martucci, Merge, M., Bruno, A., Martucci, M., Adriani, O., Barbarino, G. C., Bazilevskaya, G. A., Bellotti, R., Boezio, M., Bogomolov, E. A., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Carlson, P., Casolino, M., Castellini, G., Christian, E. R., De Santis, C., De Donato, C., De Nolfo, G. A., Di Felice, V., Galper, A. M., Karelin, A. V., Koldashov, S. V., Koldobskiy, S., Krutkov, S. Y., Kvashnin, A. N., Leonov, A., Malakhov, V., Marcelli, L., Marcelli, N., Mayorov, A. G., Menn, W., Mikhailov, V. V., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Munini, R., Osteria, G., Panico, B., Papini, P., Pearce, M., Picozza, P., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Richardson, I., Ryan, J. M., Simon, M., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stochaj, S., Stozhkov, Y. I., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G., Voronov, S. A., Yurkin, Y. T., Zampa, G., and Zampa, N.

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear physics, Settore FIS/01, Acceleration, Physics::Space Physics, Particle, Spectral line, Charged particle
Abstract

The charged particle acceleration and transport during solar events have been widely studied in the past decades. The satellite-borne PAMELA experiment has been continuously collecting data since 2006. The apparatus is designed to study charged particles in the cosmic radiation. The combination of permanent magnet, silicon micro-strip spectrometer and silicon-tungsten imaging calorimeter, with the redundancy of instrumentation allows very precise studies on the physics of cosmic rays in a wide energy range and with high statistics. This makes PAMELA a well suited instrument for Solar Energetic Particles (SEP) observations. Not only it spans the energy range between the ground-based neutron monitor data and the observations of SEPs from space, but also PAMELA carries out the first direct measurements of SEP energy spectra, composition and angular distribution. PAMELA has observed many SEP events in solar cycle 24, offering unique opportunity to address several questions on high-energy SEP origin. A preliminary analysis on proton spectra during several events of the 24th solar cycle is presented.

317. Cosmic-ray lithium and beryllium isotopes in the PAMELA-experiment

Author

E. Mocchiutti, M. Merge, Maria Teresa Ricci, S. Bottai, M. Simon, C. De Santis, G. A. Bazilevskaya, S. A. Voronov, Per Carlson, V. V. Malakhov, E. A. Bogomolov, O. Adriani, Sergey Koldobskiy, Mirko Boezio, W. Menn, G. C. Barbarino, R. Sparvoli, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, G. Castellini, D. Campana, N. Zampa, P. Papini, E. Vannuccini, Alexey Leonov, M. Bongi, Marco Casolino, Yu. T. Yurkin, L. Marcelli, A. Vacchi, Nicola Mori, Sergey Koldashov, V. Di Felice, F. Cafagna, Roberto Bellotti, Riccardo Munini, A. M. Galper, G. I. Vasilyev, A. N. Kvashnin, A. V. Karelin, V. Bonvicini, P. Spillantini, A. Bruno, Y. I. Stozhkov, S. Y. Krutkov, V. V. Mikhailov, G. Osteria, P. Picozza, G. Zampa, Beatrice Panico, André Monaco, Matteo Martucci, A. G. Mayorov, C. De Donato, Menn, W., Bogomolov, E. A., Simon, M., Vasilyev, G. I., Adriani, O., Barbarino, G. C., Bazilevskaya, G. A., Bellotti, R., Boezio, M., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Bottai, S., Bruno, A., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Carlson, P., Casolino, M., Castellini, G., De Donato, C., De Santis, C., Di Felice, V., Galper, A. M., Karelin, A. V., Koldashov, S. V., Koldobskiy, S., Krutkov, S. Y., Kvashnin, A. N., Leonov, A., Malakhov, V., Marcelli, L., Martucci, M., Mayorov, A. G., Merge, M., Mikhailov, V. V., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Munini, R., Osteria, G., Papini, P., Panico, B., Pearce, M., Picozza, P., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stozhkov, Y. I., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Voronov, S. A., Yurkin, Y. T., Zampa, G., and Zampa, N.

Subjects
Settore FIS/01, Nuclear physics, Physics, Space experiment, chemistry, Antiproton, chemistry.chemical_element, Cosmic ray, Lithium, Isotopes of beryllium
Abstract

The PAMELA space experiment was launched on the 15th of June 2006 from the Baikonur cosmodrome. The scientific objectives addressed by the mission are the measurement of the antiprotons and positrons spectra in cosmic rays, the hunt for antinuclei as well as the determination of light nuclei fluxes from hydrogen to oxygen in a wide energy range and with high statistics. The apparatus comprises a time-of-flight system, a magnetic spectrometer (permanent magnet) with an silicon-microstrip tracking system, an imaging calorimeter built from layers of siliconmicrostrip detectors interleaved with plates of tungsten, an anti-coincidence system, a shower tail scintillator-counter and a neutron detector. The instrument in its detector-combination is also capable to identify isotopes, using the rigidity information from the magnetic spectrometer together with the time-of-flight measurement or with the multiple dE/dx measurement in the calorimeter. In this paper details about the analysis method and new results of the isotopic ratios of lithium and beryllium with increased statistics will be presented.

318. Cosmic ray studies with PAMELA experiment

Author

Alfonso Monaco, S. Y. Krutkov, Mirko Boezio, P. Picozza, L. Consiglio, S. V. Borisov, P. Spillantini, V. V. Mikhailov, G. A. Bazilevskaya, M. P. De Pascale, A. V. Karelin, Juan Wu, V. G. Zverev, N. De Simone, William Gillard, Lorenzo Bonechi, A. M. Galper, L. Marcelli, V. Malvezzi, A. Vacchi, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, N. Zampa, C. Pizzolotto, G. Osteria, Roberta Sparvoli, D. Campana, P. Papini, M. Bongi, G. Zampa, E. Vannuccini, R. Carbone, Marco Casolino, N. N. Nikonov, S. A. Voronov, Roberto Bellotti, F. Cafagna, E. A. Bogomolov, M. Simon, G. Castellini, Laura Rossetto, A. A. Leonov, O. Adriani, Y. T. Yurkin, S. Bottai, G. C. Barbarino, W. Menn, A. N. Kvashnin, Per Carlson, V. Di Felice, V. Bonvicini, A. Bruno, Y. I. Stozhkov, Maria Teresa Ricci, L. A. Grishantseva, Giovanna Jerse, S. V. Koldashov, E. Mocchiutti, Nicola Mori, G. I. Vasilyev, and C. De Santis

Subjects
On board, Physics, genetic structures, Astronomy, Cosmic ray, Satellite, Astrophysics, Orbit (control theory)
Abstract

The instrument PAMELA, in orbit since June 15th, 2006 on board of the Russian satellite Resurs DK1, is daily delivering to ground 16 Gigabytes of data. The apparatus is designed to study charged pa ...

319. High-frequency induction hardening device with ferrite core

Author

A. F. Samardak, V. N. Kovalev, and A. V. Karelin

Subjects
Fuel Technology, Materials science, Geochemistry and Petrology, General Chemical Engineering, Induction hardening, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, Ferrite (magnet), Composite material, Ferrite core
Published
1988

322. Abstracts of articles deposited at VINITI

Author

L. V. Kukarina, I. S. Kalmykova, A. M. Shavrin, M. Alimbetov, V. E. Bozhevol'nov, L. N. Ivanov, L. G. Karaseva, V. V. Karelin, Yu. N. Orlov, and E. I. Saunin

Subjects
Condensed Matter Physics, Spectroscopy
Published
1977

328. LOCAL OSCILLATORS FOR MM-WAVELENGTH AERONOMIC RECEIVERS

Author

V. V. Myshenko, V. M. Shulga, A. M. Korolev, Yu. V. Karelin, D. L. Chechotkin, O. V. Antyufeyev, and O. M. Patoka

Subjects
millimeter waves, local oscillator, economy, stability, phase locked loop, Astronomy, QB1-991
Abstract

Purpose: A description of the original technical solutions of the solid-state highly stable local oscillators of the millimeter range and the results of the study of the main characteristics of the developed devices are given. The goal of the work is the development of small-sized stabilized generators with low power consumption for the use in the composition of superheterodyne receivers of the 2 mm and 3 mm ranges for aeronomic research. Design/methodology/approach: The created local oscillators are based on multiple multiplication of the reference signal with a phase locked loop. The output generator on the Gunn diode works without a varactor, with the frequency tuning by changing the voltage on the diode. To measure the spectral characteristics, a test signal of a separate highly stable heterodyne of an astronomical receiver was used. The spectrum of the investigated local oscillator was recorded by a parallel Fourier spectrum analyzer with the frequency resolution of 1 kHz per channel. Methods for the study of other basic characteristics were standard methods of radio measurements. Findings: Compact sources of the heterodyne signal of the mm-wavelength range with low power consumption (less than 20 W) were designed and tested. The output power of the local oscillators is at least 50 mW. The measured relative frequency instability is better than 10-8 when working with a thermostatted quartz reference source. The time resource of continuous work exceeds 2 years. Conclusions: Relative instability of frequency (10-8 ) and launch power (more than 50 mW) of the presented generators correspond to the characteristics of industrial mm-wavelength precision generators, the here developed generators (devices) being more economical, compact and cheaper. A number of proposed circuit and design solutions can be used by designers of similar equipment in the mm-wavelength range.

Published
2019
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329. Serotonergic gene polymorphisms (5-HTTLPR, 5HTR1A, 5HTR2A), and population differences in aggression: traditional (Hadza and Datoga) and industrial (Russians) populations compared

Author

Marina L. Butovskaya, Polina R. Butovskaya, Vasiliy A. Vasilyev, Jane M. Sukhodolskaya, Dania I. Fekhredtinova, Dmitri V. Karelin, Julia N. Fedenok, Audax Z. P. Mabulla, Alexey P. Ryskov, and Oleg E. Lazebny

Subjects
5-HTTLPR, 5HTR1A, 5HTR2A, Total aggression, Hadza, Datoga, Physical anthropology. Somatology, GN49-298
Abstract

Abstract Background Current knowledge on genetic basis of aggressive behavior is still contradictory. This may be due to the fact that the majority of studies targeting associations between candidate genes and aggression are conducted on industrial societies and mainly dealing with various types of psychopathology and disorders. Because of that, our study was carried on healthy adult individuals of both sex (n = 853). Methods Three populations were examined: two traditional (Hadza and Datoga) and one industrial (Russians), and the association of aggression with the following polymorphisms 5-HTTLPR, rs6295 (5HTR1A gene), and rs6311 (5HTR2A gene) were tested. Aggression was measured as total self-ratings on Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire. Results Distributions of allelic frequencies of 5-HTTLPR and 5HTR1A polymorphisms were significantly different among the three populations. Consequently, the association analyses for these two candidate genes were carried out separately for each population, while for the 5HTR2A polymorphism, it was conducted on the pooled data that made possible to introduce ethnic factor in the ANOVA model. The traditional biometrical approach revealed no sex differences in total aggression in all three samples. The three-way ANOVA (μ + 5-HTTLPR + 5HTR1A + 5HTR2A +ε) with measures of self-reported total aggression as dependent variable revealed significant effect of the second serotonin receptor gene polymorphism for the Hadza sample. For the Datoga, the interaction effect between 5-HTTLPR and 5HTR1A was significant. No significant effects of the used polymorphisms were obtained for Russians. The results of two-way ANOVA with ethnicity and the 5HTR2A polymorphism as main effects and their interactions revealed the highly significant effect of ethnicity, 5HTR2A polymorphism, and their interaction on total aggression. Conclusions Our data provided obvious confirmation for the necessity to consider the population origin, as well as cultural background of tested individuals, while searching for associations between genes and behavior, and demonstrated the role of cultural attitudes towards the use of in-group aggression. Our data partly explained the reasons for disagreement in results of different teams, searching for candidate-gene associations with behavior without considerations of culturally desirable norms. Previous studies suggested that the 5HTR2A gene polymorphism associates with aggression and criminality. Our data extended these findings, demonstrating the role of rs6311 (5HTR2A gene) in aggression in adult healthy men and women from our samples. We found that G-allele carriers were rated higher on total aggression.

Published
2018
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330. Application of the steepest descent method to solve differential inequalities

Author

Alexander V. Fominyh, Vladimir V. Karelin, and Lyudmila N. Polyakova

Subjects
Differential inequalities, Gateaux gradient, steepest descent method, Mathematics, QA1-939
Abstract

In this article we consider the problem of finding the solution of a system of differential inequalities. We reduce the original problem to the unconstrained minimization of a functional. We find the Gateaux gradient for this functional, and then obtain nucessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a minimum. Based on these conditions we apply the steepest descent method, and present a numerical implementation of the method.

Published
2017

331. Differential inclusions and exact penalties

Author

Alexander V. Fominyh, Vladimir V. Karelin, and Lyudmila N. Polyakova

Subjects
Nonsmooth functional, differential inclusion, support function, exact penalty function, maximum principle, Mathematics, QA1-939
Abstract

The article considers differential inclusion with a given set-valued mapping and initial point. It is required to find a solution of this differential inclusion that minimizes an integral functional. Some classical results about the maximum principle for differential inclusions are obtained using the support and exact penalty functions. This is done for differentiable and for non-differentiable set-valued mappings in phase variables.

Published
2015

332. Androgen Receptor Gene Polymorphism, Aggression, and Reproduction in Tanzanian Foragers and Pastoralists.

Author

Marina L Butovskaya, Oleg E Lazebny, Vasiliy A Vasilyev, Daria A Dronova, Dmitri V Karelin, Audax Z P Mabulla, Dmitri V Shibalev, Todd K Shackelford, Bernhard Fink, and Alexey P Ryskov

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

The androgen receptor (AR) gene polymorphism in humans is linked to aggression and may also be linked to reproduction. Here we report associations between AR gene polymorphism and aggression and reproduction in two small-scale societies in northern Tanzania (Africa)--the Hadza (monogamous foragers) and the Datoga (polygynous pastoralists). We secured self-reports of aggression and assessed genetic polymorphism of the number of CAG repeats for the AR gene for 210 Hadza men and 229 Datoga men (aged 17-70 years). We conducted structural equation modeling to identify links between AR gene polymorphism, aggression, and number of children born, and included age and ethnicity as covariates. Fewer AR CAG repeats predicted greater aggression, and Datoga men reported more aggression than did Hadza men. In addition, aggression mediated the identified negative relationship between CAG repeats and number of children born.

Published
2015
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333. TRAPPED proton fluxes at low earth orbits measured by the PAMELA experiment

Author

Adriani, O., Barbarino, G. C., Bazilevskaya, G. A., Bellotti, R., Boezio, M., Bogomolov, E. A., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Bottai, S., Bruno, A., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Carbone, R., Carlson, P., Casolino, M., Castellini, G., Danilchenko, I. A., De Donato, C., De Santis, C., De Simone, N., Di Felice, V., Formato, V., Galper, A. M., Karelin, A. V., Koldashov, S. V., Koldobskiy, S., Krutkov, S. Y., Kvashnin, A. N., Leonov, A., Malakhov, V., Marcelli, L., Martucci, M., Mayorov, A. G., Menn, W., Mergé, M., Mikhailov, V. V., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Munini, R., Osteria, G., Palma, F., Panico, B., Papini, P., Pearce, M., Picozza, P., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Sarkar, R., Scotti, V., Simon, M., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stozhkov, Y. I., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G. I., Voronov, S. A., Yurkin, Y. T., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., Zverev, V. G., Adriani, O. b., Barbarino, Giancarlo, Bazilevskaya, G., Bellotti, R. g., Boezio, M., Bogomolov, E., Bongi, M. b., Bonvicini, V., Bottai, S., Bruno, A., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Carbone, R., Carlson, P., Casolino, M. l., Castellini, G., C. n., De, Simone, N. D., Felice, V. o., Formato, V. p., Galper, A., Karelin, A., Koldashov, S., Koldobskiy, S., Krutkov, S., Kvashnin, A., Leonov, A., Malakhov, V., Marcelli, L. n., Martucci, M. s., Mayorov, A., Menn, W., Merg??????, M. n., Mikhailov, V., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A. g., Mori, N. b., Munini, R. p., Osteria, Giuseppe, Palma, F. n., Panico, B., Papini, P., Pearce, M., Picozza, P. n., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. m., Sarkar, R. t., Scotti, V. d., Simon, M., Sparvoli, R. n., Spillantini, P. b., Stozhkov, Y., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G., Voronov, S., Yurkin, Y., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., Zverev, V., O., Adriani, G. C., Barbarino, G. A., Bazilevskaya, R., Bellotti, M., Boezio, E. A., Bogomolov, M., Bongi, V., Bonvicini, S., Bottai, A., Bruno, F., Cafagna, D., Campana, R., Carbone, P., Carlson, M., Casolino, G., Castellini, C., De Donato, C., De Santi, N., De Simone, V., Di Felice, V., Formato, A. M., Galper, A. V., Karelin, S. V., Koldashov, S., Koldobskiy, S. Y., Krutkov, A. N., Kvashnin, A., Leonov, V., Malakhov, L., Marcelli, M., Martucci, A. G., Mayorov, W., Menn, M., Mergé, V. V., Mikhailov, E., Mocchiutti, A., Monaco, N., Mori, Munini, Riccardo, G., Osteria, F., Palma, B., Panico, P., Papini, M., Pearce, P., Picozza, M., Ricci, S. B., Ricciarini, R., Sarkar, V., Scotti, M., Simon, R., Sparvoli, P., Spillantini, Y. I., Stozhkov, A., Vacchi, E., Vannuccini, G. I., Vasilyev, S. A., Voronov, Y. T., Yurkin, G., Zampa, N., Zampa, and V. G., Zverev

Subjects
trapped particles, earth magnetic field, Proton, elementary particles, FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, magnetic fields, Kinetic energy, Nuclear physics, Physics - Space Physics, cosmic rays, PAMELA, Geocentric orbit, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Astroparticle physics, Physics, Settore FIS/01, astroparticle physics, atmospheric effects, space vehicles, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, protons, PAMELA, trapped particles, earth magnetic field, protons, Space Physics (physics.space-ph), Charged particle, Magnetic field, Earth's magnetic field, Physics::Space Physics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

We report an accurate measurement of the geomagnetically trapped proton fluxes for kinetic energy above > 70 MeV performed by the PAMELA mission at low Earth orbits (350-610 km). Data were analyzed in the frame of the adiabatic theory of charged particle motion in the geomagnetic field. Flux properties were investigated in detail, providing a full characterization of the particle radiation in the South Atlantic Anomaly region, including locations, energy spectra and pitch angle distributions. PAMELA results significantly improve the description of the Earth's radiation environment at low altitudes placing important constraints on the trapping and interaction processes, and can be used to validate current trapped particle radiation models., 22 pages, 5 figures

Published
2015

334. Reentrant albedo proton fluxes measured by the PAMELA experiment

Author

Adriani O., Barbarino G.C., Bazilevskaya G.A., Bellotti R., Boezio M., Bogomolov E.A., Bongi M., Bonvicini V., Bottai S., Bruno A., Cafagna F., Campana D., Carlson P., Casolino M., Castellini G., Donato C.D., De Santis C., De Simone N., Di Felice V., Formato V., Galper A.M., Karelin A.V., Koldashov S.V., Koldobskiy S., Krutkov S.Y., Kvashnin A.N., Leonov A., Malakhov V., Marcelli L., Martucci M., Mayorov A.G., Menn W., Merge M., Mikhailov V.V., Mocchiutti E., Monaco A., Mori N., Munini R., Osteria G., Palma F., Panico B., Papini P., Pearce M., Picozza P., Ricci M., Ricciarini S.B., Sarkar R., Scotti V., Simon M., Sparvoli R., Spillantini P., Stozhkov Y.I., Vacchi A., Vannuccini E., Vasilyev G.I., Voronov S.A., Yurkin Y.T., Zampa G., Zampa N., Adriani, O., Barbarino, Giancarlo, Bazilevskaya, G. A., Bellotti, R., Boezio, M., Bogomolov, E. A., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Bottai, S., Bruno, A., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Carlson, P., Casolino, M., Castellini, G., Donato, C. De, De Santis, C., De Simone, N., Di Felice, V., Formato, V., Galper, A. M., Karelin, A. V., Koldashov, S. V., Koldobskiy, S., Krutkov, S. Y., Kvashnin, A. N., Leonov, A., Malakhov, V., Marcelli, L., Martucci, M., Mayorov, A. G., Menn, W., Mergé, M., Mikhailov, V. V., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Munini, R., Osteria, G., Palma, F., Panico, B., Papini, P., Pearce, M., Picozza, P., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Sarkar, R., Scotti, V., Simon, M., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stozhkov, Y. I., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G. I., Voronov, S. A., Yurkin, Y. T., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., O., Adriani, G. C., Barbarino, G. A., Bazilevskaya, R., Bellotti, M., Boezio, E. A., Bogomolov, M., Bongi, V., Bonvicini, S., Bottai, A., Bruno, F., Cafagna, D., Campana, P., Carlson, M., Casolino, G., Castellini, C., De Donato, C., De Santi, N., De Simone, V., Di Felice, V., Formato, A. M., Galper, A. V., Karelin, S. V., Koldashov, S., Koldobskiy, S. Y., Krutkov, A. N., Kvashnin, A., Leonov, V., Malakhov, L., Marcelli, M., Martucci, A. G., Mayorov, W., Menn, M., Mergé, V. V., Mikhailov, E., Mocchiutti, A., Monaco, N., Mori, Munini, Riccardo, G., Osteria, F., Palma, B., Panico, P., Papini, M., Pearce, P., Picozza, M., Ricci, S. B., Ricciarini, R., Sarkar, V., Scotti, M., Simon, R., Sparvoli, P., Spillantini, Y. I., Stozhkov, A., Vacchi, E., Vannuccini, G. I., Vasilyev, S. A., Voronov, Y. T., Yurkin, G., Zampa, and N., Zampa

Subjects
Materials Chemistry2506 Metals and Alloys, Atmospheric Science, Polymers and Plastics, Soil Science, Aquatic Science, Oceanography, Cosmic rays, Energetic particles: precipitating, Energetic particles: trapped, Charged particle motion and acceleration, Space radiation environment, cosmic rays, reentrant albedo protons, geomagnetic cutoff, satellite experiments, radiation environment, penumbra, Energetic particles: trapped, satellite experiments, Space radiation environment, cosmic rays, Geochemistry and Petrology, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), geomagnetic cutoff, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Water Science and Technology, Earth-Surface Processes, Energetic particles: precipitating, precipitating, Energetic particles: trapped, Charged particle motion and acceleration, Space radiation environment, cosmic rays, reentrant albedo protons, geomagnetic cutoff, satellite experiments, radiation environment, penumbra [Cosmic rays, Energetic particles], Ecology, Charged particle motion and acceleration, Settore FIS/04, reentrant albedo protons, Paleontology, Forestry, penumbra, radiation environment, Geophysics, Condensed Matter Physics, Space and Planetary Science, Physics::Space Physics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

We present a precise measurement of downward going albedo proton fluxes for kinetic energy above ~70-MeV performed by the Payload for Antimatter Matter Exploration and Light-nuclei Astrophysics (PAMELA) experiment at an altitude between 350 and 610-km. On the basis of a trajectory tracing simulation, the analyzed protons were classified into quasi-trapped, concentrating in the magnetic equatorial region, and untrapped spreading over all latitudes, including both short-lived (precipitating) and long-lived (pseudotrapped) components. In addition, features of the penumbra region around the geomagnetic cutoff were investigated in detail. PAMELA results significantly improve the characterization of the high-energy albedo proton populations at low-Earth orbits. Key Points A new and accurate study of HE reentrant albedo protons based on PAMELA data Different components identified and reconstructed by trajectory tracing methods Significant fluxes of pseudotrapped protons were found in the penumbra region

Published
2015

335. Cosmic-Ray Positron Energy Spectrum Measured by PAMELA

Author

PAMELA Collaboration, Adriani, O., Barbarino, G. C., Bazilevskaya, G. A., Bellotti, R., Bianco, A., Boezio, M., Bogomolov, E. A., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Bottai, S., Bruno, A., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Carbone, R., Carlson, P., Casolino, M., Castellini, G., De Donato, C., De Santis, C., De Simone, N., Di Felice, V., Formato, V., Galper, A. M., Karelin, A. V., Koldashov, S. V., Koldobskiy, S. A., Krutkov, S. Y., Kvashnin, A. N., Leonov, A., Malakhov, V., Marcelli, L., Martucci, M., Mayorov, A. G., Menn, W., Merge', M., Mikhailov, V. V., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Munini, R., Osteria, G., Palma, F., Papini, P., Pearce, M., Picozza, P., Pizzolotto, C., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Rossetto, L., Sarkar, R., Scotti, V., Simon, M., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stochaj, S. J., Stockton, J. C., Stozhkov, Y. I., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G. I., Voronov, S. A., Yurkin, Y. T., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., Zverev, V. G., Adriani, O., Barbarino, Giancarlo, Bazilevskaya, G. A., Bellotti, R., Bianco, A., Boezio, M., Bogomolov, E. A., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Bottai, S., Bruno, A., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Carbone, R., Carlson, P., Casolino, M., Castellini, G., De Donato, C., De Santis, C., De Simone, N., Di Felice, V., Formato, V., Galper, A. M., Karelin, A. V., Koldashov, S. V., Koldobskiy, S. A., Krutkov, S. Y., Kvashnin, A. N., Leonov, A., Malakhov, V., Marcelli, L., Martucci, M., Mayorov, A. G., Menn, W., Merg?, M., Mikhailov, V. V., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Munini, R., Osteria, Giuseppe, Palma, F., Papini, P., Pearce, M., Picozza, P., Pizzolotto, C., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Rossetto, L., Sarkar, R., Scotti, V., Simon, M., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stochaj, S. J., Stockton, J. C., Stozhkov, Y. I., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G. I., Voronov, S. A., Yurkin, Y. T., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., Zverev, V. G., O., Adriani, G. C., Barbarino, G. A., Bazilevskaya, R., Bellotti, A., Bianco, M., Boezio, E. A., Bogomolov, M., Bongi, V., Bonvicini, S., Bottai, A., Bruno, F., Cafagna, D., Campana, R., Carbone, P., Carlson, M., Casolino, G., Castellini, C., De Donato, C., De Santi, N., De Simone, V., Di Felice, Formato, Valerio, A. M., Galper, A. V., Karelin, S. V., Koldashov, S. A., Koldobskiy, S. Y., Krutkov, A. N., Kvashnin, A., Leonov, V., Malakhov, L., Marcelli, M., Martucci, A. G., Mayorov, W., Menn, M., Mergé, V. V., Mikhailov, Mocchiutti, Emiliano, A., Monaco, N., Mori, Munini, Riccardo, G., Osteria, F., Palma, P., Papini, M., Pearce, P., Picozza, C., Pizzolotto, M., Ricci, S. B., Ricciarini, L., Rossetto, R., Sarkar, V., Scotti, M., Simon, R., Sparvoli, P., Spillantini, S. J., Stochaj, J. C., Stockton, Y. I., Stozhkov, Vacchi, Andrea, E., Vannuccini, G. I., Vasilyev, S. A., Voronov, Y. T., Yurkin, G., Zampa, N., Zampa, and V. G., Zverev

Subjects
Solar minimum, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Dark matter, FOS: Physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, Flux, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Kinetic energy, Cosmic Ray, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Settore FIS/04 - Fisica Nucleare e Subnucleare, law.invention, Positron, law, Cosmic Rays, Dark Matter, 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, PAMELA detector, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Galaxy, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

Precision measurements of the positron component in the cosmic radiation provide important information about the propagation of cosmic rays and the nature of particle sources in our Galaxy. The satellite-borne experiment PAMELA has been used to make a new measurement of the cosmic-ray positron flux and fraction that extends previously published measurements up to 300 GeV in kinetic energy. The combined measurements of the cosmic-ray positron energy spectrum and fraction provide a unique tool to constrain interpretation models. During the recent solar minimum activity period from July 2006 to December 2009 approximately 24500 positrons were observed. The results cannot be easily reconciled with purely secondary production and additional sources of either astrophysical or exotic origin may be required., Comment: 14 pages, 4 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication in Physical Review Letters. Corrected a typo in the flux units of Table 1

Published
2013

336. Measurements of quasi-trapped electron and positron fluxes with PAMELA

Author

Adriani, O., Barbarino, G., Bazilevskaya, G. A., Bellotti, R., Boezio, M., Bogomolov, E. A., Bonechi, L., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Borisov, S. V., Bottai, S., Bruno, A., Cafagna, F. S., Campana, D., Carbone, R., Carlson, P., Casolino, M., Castellini, G., Consiglio, L., De Pascale, M. P., De Santis, C., De Simone, N., Di Felice, V., Galper, A. M., Gillard, W., Grishantseva, L. A., Jerse, G., Hofverberg, P., Karelin, A. V., Koldashov, S. V., Krutkov, S. Y., Kvashnin, A. N., Leonov, A. A., Malakhov, V. V., Malvezzi, V., Marcelli, L., Mayorov, A. G., Menn, W., Mikhailov, V. V., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Nikonov, N. N., Osteria, G., Papini, P., Pearce, M., Picozza, P., Pizzolotto, C., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Rossetto, L., Ritabrata, S., Runtso, M. F., Simon, M., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stozhkov, Y. I., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G. I., Voronov, S. A., Wu, J., Yurkin, Y. T., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., Zverev, V. G., O., Adriani, Barbarino, Giancarlo, G. A., Bazilevskaya, R., Bellotti, M., Boezio, E. A., Bogomolov, L., Bonechi, M., Bongi, V., Bonvicini, S. V., Borisov, S., Bottai, A., Bruno, F. S., Cafagna, D., Campana, R., Carbone, P., Carlson, M., Casolino, G., Castellini, L., Consiglio, M. P., De Pascale, C., De Santi, N., De Simone, V., Di Felice, A. M., Galper, W., Gillard, L. A., Grishantseva, G., Jerse, P., Hofverberg, A. V., Karelin, S. V., Koldashov, S. Y., Krutkov, A. N., Kvashnin, A. A., Leonov, V. V., Malakhov, V., Malvezzi, L., Marcelli, A. G., Mayorov, W., Menn, V. V., Mikhailov, E., Mocchiutti, A., Monaco, N., Mori, N. N., Nikonov, G., Osteria, P., Papini, M., Pearce, P., Picozza, C., Pizzolotto, M., Ricci, S. B., Ricciarini, L., Rossetto, S., Ritabrata, M. F., Runtso, M., Simon, R., Sparvoli, P., Spillantini, Y. I., Stozhkov, A., Vacchi, E., Vannuccini, G. I., Vasilyev, S. A., Voronov, J., Wu, Y. T., Yurkin, G., Zampa, N., Zampa, and V. G., Zverev

Subjects
Settore FIS/04 - Fisica Nucleare e Subnucleare
Published
2009

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